一轮复习最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案)

一轮复习最新高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(含答案)
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．阅读表达：阅读下面短文，按照要求完成阅读任务。

A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things have been so hard for her. She did not know how she was going to make it and she wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed that just as one problem was solved another arose.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen, filled three pots with water and placed the fire on high Soon the three pots came to a boil. In one he placed carrots, in the other he placed eggs, and the last he placed ground coffee beans. He let them sit and boil, without saying a word.
The daughter impatiently wondered what he was trying to do. In half an hour he walked over to the stove and turned down the fire. He pulled the carrots out and placed them in the bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them in the bowl. Then he ladled (盛) the coffee out and placed it in a cup. Turning to her he asked. "Darling what do you see?"
"Carrots, eggs, and coffee." she replied.
He brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled ege. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. She smiled, as she tasted its rich aroma (芳香). Humbly, she asked. "What does it mean Father?"
He explained. "Each of them faced the same adversity, however each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard. But after going through boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg was fragile. A thin outer shell protected a liquid center. But after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The coffee beans are unique however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water"
"Which are you," he asked his daughter, "When adversity knocks on your door, how do yourespond? Are you a carrot, an egg, or a coffee bean?"
（1）How did the daughter feel about her life? (No more than 10 words)
（2）Why did the father take his daughter to the kitchen? (No more than 12 words)
（3）What does the underlined word "adversity" in the last paragraph probably mean in English? (No more than 12 words)
（4）What advice did the father give his daughter? (No more than 10 words)
（5）What kind of man do you think the father was and why? (No more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）She thought her life was in a mess/ She thought her life was hard for her/She thought things were hard for her.
（2）Because he wanted to show her an experiment to help her.
（3）challenge/difficulty/ something challenging to meet/ something difficult to solve a difficulty/ hard or unpleasant situation.
（4）He advised her daughter to face the adversity bravely.
（5）He was an open person. Because he used a more interesting way to enlighten his daughter than to lecture her.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个女孩告诉爸爸她觉得生活艰难，厌倦于努力，奋斗，想放弃，爸爸将她带到厨房，用胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别在锅里面煮，让孩子看这三种东西的反应，从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things have been so hard for her. ”可知她认为她的生活一团糟，生活对她来说很艰难。

故答She thought her life was in a mess/ She thought her life was hard for her/She thought things were hard for her.
（2）考查推理判断。

根据下文内容可知，父亲让女儿到厨房的原因是为了给女儿做一个胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆实验来帮助她。

故答Because he wanted to show her an experiment to help her.
（3）考查词义猜测。

根据下文“knocks on your door, how do you respond? Are you a carrot, an egg, or a coffee bean?”父亲问女儿当困难来敲门的时候，你如何回应？你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？故划线部分单词意思为挑战或困哪，故答challenge/difficulty/ something challenging to meet/ something difficult to solve A difficulty/ hard or unpleasant situation.
（4）考查推理判断。

根据文章内容可知，面对女儿的困难，父亲通过一个实验来告诉女儿，要勇敢面对生活中的那些困难和挑战。

故答He advised her daughter to face the adversity bravely.
（5）考查推理判断。

根据文章内容可知父亲面对女儿的困难，并不是一味说教，而是用一种直观开放的方式来启发女儿。

故可推测父亲是一个开放的人，因为他用一种更为有趣的方式来启发女儿而不是讲大道理。

故答He was an open person. Because he used a more interesting way to enlighten his daughter than to lecture her.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和词义猜测题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

2．任务型阅读
It is now mandatory(强制) for drivers or passengers to wear seatbelts while in a car in all states. In addition, it is also mandatory for kids of be in some kind of specialized car seat. Given the strict requirements in other vehicles, why don't buses have seatbelts?
The main answer, at least for school buses, is that seatbelts do not make school buses safer. Overall, traveling on school buses is the safest way to travel—40 times safer than riding in a car—with only a handful of deaths occurring to passengers on school buses every year. The seats on the school bus are placed very close to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. As a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seatback that in a way is like an airbag. In addition, the fact that people sit high off the ground on school buses also makes it safer to travel on them.
While school buses feature high backed seats and elevated seating locations, the same cannot be said of city buses. However, from a practical angle, there's little need to require seatbelts on city buses. Although the design of the modern low—floor city bus is less safe than the design of school buses, the fact that city buses rarely travel at speeds greater than 35 miles per hour means that any collision is likely to be small, Also, given that most trips on city buses are short and that
many trips have standing passengers, the presence of seatbelts will make even less of a difference.
Another answer why buses do not have seatbelts is cost. It is estimated that adding seatbelts to buses would add between $8,000 and $15,000 to the cost of each bus. In addition, seatbelts would take up room currently used as seats, meaning that each bus would have fewer seating places. The additional room in the bus taken up by seatbelts would mean that bus fleets would have to increase by as much as 15% just to carry the same number of people. Such an increase would be especially difficult in cities that experience overcrowding on their vehicles.
Regardless of whether their passengers have seatbelts, all buses provide seatbelts for drivers and most bus companies make their drivers wear seatbelts in order not to be influenced by a collision.
unnecessary；result；occupying；avoid
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了为什么公共汽车不配带安全带的问题，列出了两种原因：一个原因是公共汽车上的座椅具有安全气囊的作用；另一个原因是公共汽车安装安全带费用太高。

(1)考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的”It is now mandatory(强制)for drivers or passengers to wear seatbelts while in a car in all states.“可知，每个人在汽车上都需要带安全带，require与主语Everyone之间是动宾关系。

故填required。

(2)考查逻辑推理。

根据第一段中的”why don't buses have seatbelts?“可知，下文讲述为什么公共汽车上没有安全带的原因。

由Topic与The rules可推断，首字母大写，故填Reasons。

(3)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The main answer, at least for school buses, is that seatbelts do not make school buses safer.“可知，在公共汽车上，至少在校车上，佩戴安全带并不是更安全的，也就是戴不戴安全带没有影响。

make no difference固定短语“没有影响；不起作用”。

故填difference。

(4)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”The seats on the school bus are placed very clos e to each other and have high backs that are thickly padded. As a result, in an accident the students would be propelled forward a very short distance into a padded seatback that in a way is like an airbag.“可知，公共汽车的座位靠得很近，座椅有高高的厚厚的椅背，发生在事故时，学生向前撞到椅背上，就像是撞到安全气囊上，可以保护学生避免危险。

can后接动词原形。

故填protect。

(5)考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”In addition, the fact that people sit high off the ground on school buses also makes it safer to travel on them.“可知，在校车上坐得很高也增添了安全性。

动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，add to固定短语“增添”和contribute to固定短语“有助于”都符合语境。

故填adds/contributes。

(6)考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的”Also, given that most trips on city buses are short…”可知，城市公交运行的距离短。

a short distance“短距离”。

故填distance。

(7)考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“…that many trips have standing passengers, the presence of seatbelts will make even less of a difference.”可推断，城市公交有许多乘客站着，让安全带没有必要。

故填unnecessary。

(8)考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“It is estimated that adding seatbelts to buses would add between $8,000 and $15,000 to the cost of each bus.”可知，安装安全带导致费用提高。

result in固定短语“导致”，故填result。

(9)考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“In addition, seatbelts would tak e up room currently used as seats, meaning that each bus would have fewer seating places.”可知，安全带占用公共汽车上的空间，限制了座位的数量。

介词后接动名词，故填occupying。

(10)考查细节理解。

根据最后一段内容可知，所有的公共汽车都为司机提供安全带，用来避免碰撞的影响。

故填avoid。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的联系，通过逻辑推理，填上合适的单词。

3．阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Everybody gets angry sometimes. Being angry doesn't really solve much---but what people do when they feel angry is important. The goal is to calm yourself down and try to solve whatever problem is bothering you. This is hard for some kids (and adults too). Instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like a volcano!
Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. Their anger might be so strong that the feelings gets out of control and causes them to act in ways that are unacceptable and hurtful. People might say kids like this have a temper, which is a term for acting out of control. Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their mom or dad, hit the wall, close doors violently, break something, or even hit a brother or sister. Kids are allowed to express their
feelings, even angry ones, but it's not OK for a kid to do any of those things. Kids don't want to (or mean to) act this way---but sometimes angry feelings can be hard to manage.
【写作内容】
1）以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；2）结合上述信息，简要分析导致孩子发脾气的主要原因；3）提出建议如何控制发脾气（不少于两点）。

【写作要求】
1）写作过程中不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3）不必写标题。

【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

【答案】 Although getting angry brings no solution to problems, people can hardly take control of such unpleasant feeing especially kids, who even act violently, thus damaging the relationships with others.
The reasons for children to arouse anger is not far to seek. First of all, kids in our country are under great pressure, heavily burdened with school work as well as diverse out school leaning activities. Second, they are sometimes not treated fairly, some even bulled by others, simply because they are not strong looking or act differently from others. Third, some kids desperately want something such as a pet dog or a toy gun, but they are refused by their parents. All these rigger kids' anger immediately.
As to bow we can control anger, I recommend we breathe deeply when faced with unfair things and try to find solutions. Besides, reading is a good choice as it can widen our horizons, open our minds and enrich ourselves. Then we will control our bad temper and raise accomplishment.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇读写任务型书面表达，要求考生阅读材料并以约30个词概括材料的主要内容，并分析导致孩子发脾气的主要原因；提出建议如何控制发脾气（不少于两点）。

全文以一般现在时为主，使用第三人称。

列出要点：导致孩子发脾气的主要原因：压力太大，不公平待遇，要求得不到满足；如何控制发脾气：遇事冷静并积极寻找解决问题的方法。

多阅读拓宽视野。

写作时考生首先在概括要点时，要抓住要点，语言精炼。

本文所给材料是描述某种现象，那么就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象；其次是提出自己的观点并加以论证。

首先提出自己的观点，之后用论据来证明自己的观点，结尾要总结要点，与自己的观点句相呼应，使读者对主题有深刻的印象。

【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。

例如： Although getting angry brings no solution to problems, people can hardly take control of such unpleasant feeing especially kids, who even act violently, thus damaging the relationships with others.运用了让步状语从句和非限制性定语从句； they are sometimes not treated fairly, some even bulled by others, simply because they are not strong looking or act differently from others. 运用了原因状语从句； As to bow we can control anger, I recommend we breathe deeply when faced with unfair things and try to find solutions. 运用了虚拟语气，宾语从句和省略句；reading is a good choice as it can widen our horizons, open our minds and enrich ourselves.运用了原因状语从句。

4．根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

When big news breaks, it's easy to get caught up in following the story online. The Internet can be a place to find useful information. ________ Helping kids understand the news and how to separate fact from fiction is an important job for parents and educators.
Here's some advice that parents can offer kids to help them be quicker to judge as they consume news online.
________ In the rush to cover stories, reporters make mistakes, officials don't always have correct information and tidbits (八卦新闻) that sound reasonable often get passed around before anyone has checked them for accuracy.
Use social media wisely. Some say Twitter is a great source of news in the first few minutes of a tragedy. ________ On the other hand, Facebook can be a great way to connect with friends affected by events in the news and to spread personal news within a more limited circle.
Be skeptical. ________ After the Boston Marathon bombing, NBC Sports reported that some runners kept running all the way to the hospital to donate blood for the victims. Not true. There are plenty of websites devoted to exposing false news stories. The Washington Post also has a Fact Checker column that delivers claims made by public officials and politicians. Visit them to find out if a story is true.
Keep it age-appropriate. Kids aren't always ready to digest big, tragic news - especially if the news is about kids, such as school shootings or abuses. The constant repetition of information can be confusing for younger kids, and at the beginning of a news event, parents might not be able to offer any correct answers. ________
A. Remember, breaking news is often wrong.
B. It also can be the source of misinformation.
C. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.
D. Make sure you and your kids aren't falling victim to false news.
E. However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.
F. With social media at your fingertips, it's convenient to express your opinion.
G. Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.【答案】 B；A；E；C；G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了一些父母可以提供给孩子的建议，这些帮助他们在网上阅读新闻时更快地做出判断。

（1）上文提示“互联网是一个可以找到有用信息的地方。

”承接上文，B项It also can be the source of misinformation.（它也可能是错误信息的来源。

）切题。

此处also将上下文连接在一起。

故选B。

（2）下文提示“在匆忙报道新闻的过程中，记者会犯错误，官员们并不总是掌握正确的信
息，而那些听起来合情合理的小道消息往往会在任何人检查其准确性之前就被传开。

”承接下文，A项Remember, breaking news is often wrong.（记住，突发新闻往往是错误的。

）切题。

故选A。

（3）上文提示“有人说，在悲剧发生的头几分钟里，Twitter是一个很好的新闻来源。

”承接上文，E．However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.（然而，在那之后，它就变得混乱，而且在很大程度上是不准确的。

）切题。

该项中的However表示一种转折关系，将上下文仅仅联系在一起。

故选E。

（4）根据本段小标题“务必持怀疑态度”。

再根据下文提示“波士顿马拉松爆炸案发生后，NBC体育报道称，一些跑步者一直跑到医院为受害者献血。

不是真的。

”承接标题和下文，C项If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.（如果某件事听起来好得令人难以置信，那么它很可能不是真的。

）切题。

故选C。

（5）上文提示“不断重复的信息可能会让年幼的孩子感到困惑，而且在新闻活动开始时，父母可能无法提供任何正确的答案。

”承接上文，G项Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.（想要更多地了解某些事件的孩子可以查看儿童指导的新闻来源。

）切题。

故选G。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

5．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
【答案】 D；C；G；F；B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

（1）根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.（实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了）可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。

”符合语境，故选D。

（2）结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。

”是对上一句的进一步说明举例，C项最切题，故选C。

（3）结合上文，上文Support is growing for a theory…提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.（朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人）”正好呼应，故选G。

（4）根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神经元会变弱，F 项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故选F。

（5）根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好，故选B。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

6．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

Ants: master cooperators
Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they don't compete, get confused, or become disorganized. They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times. Some scientists refer to ants as 'super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive. The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet.
Ants, like bees, belong to a class of eusocial insects. Eusocial insects are broken into groups within their community, and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community. There are three basic groups in an ant colony: queens, soldiers, and workers. Queens are the largest ants, and their only job is to reproduce—they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers. Soldiers are responsible for protecting the colony and
finding new places for nests. Worker ants have many jobs within the community, including caring for the eggs and young ants, hunting for food and maintaining the nest.
Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues, social class, and the use of nature resources in human communities. Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow. For a colony to function successfully, ants have to cooperate, from which people can learn a lot. Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other.
However, others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration. For example, ants in a colony don't compete with each other. When they are short of food in the colony, some worker ants automatically become 'feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach, regardless of their usual job. When the food supply is replenished, they become worker ants again.
In addition, ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions. Despite their names, queen ants are not leaders. Instead, ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell. Research on harvester ants pass each other, they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing. The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do. It is a form of communication, but unlike human communication it has no content; it is just based on numbers.
While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks, those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere.
They live together in colony without competitions, ________ or being disorganized
The way they work together for ________ living in highly organized societies makes them unique on the planet.
Three groups, including queens, soldiers and workers in an ant colony have a special job, ________ the needs of the community ________ of studying ants.
It helps people understand labor issues, social class, and the use of natural resources better Ants are ________ in working together to survive and grow, helping people run the communities smoothly
It helps people learn to cooperate and ________ with each other
Differences between ants and humans
For ________ of food some worker ants automatically become "feeder ants ________ ants, humans have leaders giving people directions
Suggestion
Researchers should have different ________ in understanding human behaviour and morals.【答案】features/characteristics；confusion；survival；determining；Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits；experienced；compromise；shortage/lack；
Unlike；angles
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对蚂蚁的研究了解了它们的特点以及与人类之间的关系。

蚂蚁共同生活和工作的方式使它们成为地球上最重要的生物之一。

毫无疑问，蚂蚁可以教给我们很多关于网络的组织和结构的知识，但是那些想要更好地理解人类行为和道德的人可能需要从别处寻找答案。

（1）考查信息提升能力。

根据下面表格内容可知是在讲蚂蚁的“特点”，故答案为features/characteristics。

（2）考查信息提升能力。

根据第一段中的“Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they don't compete, get confused, or become disorganized.”可知此空答案为confusion。

（3）考查信息提升能力。

根据根据第一段中的“Some scientists refer to ants as 'super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive.”可知，故填survival。

（4）考查信息提升能力。

根据第二段中“each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community.”可知，答案为determining。

（5）考查信息提升能力。

根据第三段中的“Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues, social class, and the use of nature resources in human communities.”可知文章在讲研究蚂蚁的“好处”，故答案为Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits。

（6）考查信息提升能力。

根据第三段中地“Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow.”可知答案为experienced。

（7）考查信息提升能力。

根据第三段中的“how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other.”可知答案为compromise。

（8）考查信息提升能力。

根据第四段中地“When they are short of food in the colony, some worker ants automatically become 'feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach,”可知答案为shortage/lack。

（9）考查信息提升能力。

根据第五段中的“In addition, ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions.”可知答案为Unlike。

（10）考查信息提升能力。

根据最后一段中的“While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks, those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere.”可知答案为angles。

【点评】本题涉及信息提升能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。

7．任务型阅读
Help Migrant Workers
There is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year's toil in his pocket is the best thing he can think of. ________ They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.
About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossible to imagine life in these places without them. However, they still form a disadvantaged group. Their rights are violated in different forms. Among other things, unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions. ________
________They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them. Yet, as the financial crisis bites deep, some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them. So it is particularly important for governments at all levels to do an even better job in helping villager-turned-workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival.
It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor-intensive enterprises to make sure they have paid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner. Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer-turned-construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries. ________ But we need to look for solutions that will work at all times. We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers.
A. Some have reportedly climbed up chimneys to jump to their death unless they get their defaulted salaries.
B. It is something every Chinese look forward to as the traditional gala draws near.
C. Unfortunately, weeks preceding the Spring Festival have turned out to be hard times for migrant workers.
D. Hopefully, these efforts will send more workers on a happy journey home for the Spring Festival with their salaries in their pockets.
E. However difficult the situations they are in, it is too cruel and unfair for employers to hold back salaries they should pay their migrant workers.
F. Objectively speaking, governments at various levels have done a great deal in helping these workers recover their defaulted salaries.
【答案】 C；A；F；D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了帮助移民工人在春节前拿到薪水政府所采取的一系列的措施。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up. ”可知由于没有拿到薪水，对于回家过春节的移民工人来说，是很艰难的一段时间。

故选C。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“unpa id salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions.”可知下面要介绍一些讨薪时工人做出的绝望行为。

故选A。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them.”可知这里讲的是政府正在采取措施帮助移民工人们拿到薪水。

故选F。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空格前采取的一系列措施得知，这些都
是帮助移民员工带着薪水回家过春节的努力。

故选D。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

8．阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。

I was in the country, Vietnam, from 1970 to 1971. I was a nineteen-year-old soldier. Six months after my arrival, I stepped on a land mine and lost my right foot. Although it was a painful experience, I also felt great relief and happiness. I knew it meant my plane ticket home. So I had mixed feelings after the accident.
Back in the US, I was fitted with an artificial leg and I threw away my uniform and my Purple Heart. They had no value to me. They reminded me of what I wasn't proud of and I had one constant reminder: one artificial leg.
Twenty-six years later, I participated in a bicycle race in Vietnam, which was designed for Americans and veterans (老兵) and civilians of Vietnam. In the race I formed a connection with Tran, a veteran of the former North Vietnam. Like me, Tran had also lost his leg due to a mine. But unlike me, he had also lost some family members in the Americans' bombing. He said he used to be filled with hate for Americans.
One day, I heard that he had slipped in the race by accident, and that his leg was hurting him. I offered him some medicine to ease his pain. He gave me a "thumbs up". He smiled his big smile. And that was enough. We had a special connection. Although language was an obstacle to our communication, it didn't hinder us from conveying our friendship. In the race, we found that we could relax and enjoy each other's company, even without words.
During the race, I found his prosthesis (假肢) was not good, so I considered arranging a new prosthesis for him after returning home. And I invited him to visit my country. Joyfully, he agreed. When I returned home, I talked with my friend Jim, who owned the company where my prosthesis was made. I told him about Tran and why he should have a new prosthesis. Jim agreed. Later, Tran travelled to my country. We got Tran a new prosthetic leg. I was happy to give something to him—and in a way, to his country. At my daughters' school, he talked about forgiveness. Despite their country's loss, he found the place in his heart to forgive.
He is my friend, and I am happy that now our friendship will continue for the rest of our life.（1）Why did the author have mixed feelings after the accident? (no more than 10 words) （2）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean? (only 1 word)
（3）What did the author's friend, Jim, agree to do? (no more than 10 words)
（4）What was the change of Tran's feelings to Americans? (no more than 10 words)
（5）Why does the author say he and Tran will be friends for the rest of their life? Please give reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Because although he was injured, he could returned home.
（2）Prevent.
（3）To make a new prosthesis for Tran for free.
（4）He turned hate to forgiveness.
（5）Open.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去越南参加自行车比赛时，遇到了和他遭遇相。