高考句子结构分析练习50题含答案解析

高考句子结构分析练习50题含答案解析1.The boy is reading a book.
The boy is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
is reading is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
a book is the object of the sentence.（宾语）
2.She sings beautifully.
She is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
sings is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）beautifully is an adverb modifying the verb sings.（状语）3.The cat chased the mouse.
The cat is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
chased is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
the mouse is the object of the sentence.（宾语）
4.They play football.
They is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
play is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）football is the object of the sentence.（宾语）
5.He eats an apple.
He is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
eats is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
an apple is the object of the sentence.（宾语）
6.The sun shines brightly.
The sun is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
shines is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）brightly is an adverb modifying the verb shines.（状语）7.She writes a letter.
She is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
writes is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
a letter is the object of the sentence.（宾语）
8.The bird flies high.
The bird is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
flies is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
high is an adverb modifying the verb flies.（状语）
9.They study hard.
They is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
study is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）hard is an adverb modifying the verb study.（状语）10.He runs fast.
He is the subject of the sentence.（主语）
runs is the predicate verb of the sentence.（谓语）
fast is an adverb modifying the verb runs.（状语）
11.The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
A.that the earth moves around the sun
B.if the earth moves around the sun
C.whether the earth moves around the sun
D.when the earth moves around the sun
答案解析：A。

本题考查宾语从句。

“The teacher told us that”后面接的宾语从句，that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用，无实际意义，在该句中宾语从句陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。

12.I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.where
答案解析：C。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是“the day”，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when。

13.This is the factory where my father works.
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.when
答案解析：C。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是“the factory”，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。

14.I will never forget the people and the places that I have visited.
A.that
B.which
C.who
D.where
答案解析：A。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that。

15.As we all know, Taiwan is an inalienable part of China.
A.As we all know
B.It is known to all that
C.What is known to all is that
D.That is known to all
答案解析：A。

本题考查非限制性定语从句。

“As we all know”是固定用法，意为“众所周知”，as 在从句中作宾语。

16.He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.
A.so…that
B.such…that
C.too…to
D.enough…to
答案解析：A。

本题考查结果状语从句。

“so…that”意为“如此……以至于”，so 后面接形容词或副词，that 后面接结果状语从句。

17.If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
A.if it rains tomorrow
B.unless it rains tomorrow
C.when it rains tomorrow
D.because it rains tomorrow
答案解析：A。

本题考查条件状语从句。

“If it rains tomorrow”表示“如果明天下雨”，if 引导条件状语从句。

18.Although he is young, he knows a lot.
A.Although he is young
B.Even though he is young
C.As he is young
D.Because he is young
答案解析：A。

本题考查让步状语从句。

“Although he is young”意为“虽然他很年轻”，although 引导让步状语从句。

19.I don't know whether he will come or not.
A.whether he will come or not
B.if he will come or not
C.that he will come or not
D.when he will come or not
答案解析：A。

本题考查宾语从句。

“whether…or not”是固定用法，意为“是否”，在宾语从句中作连接词。

20.She is the girl who won the first prize.
A.who won the first prize
B.whom won the first prize
C.whose won the first prize
D.that won the first prize
答案解析：A。

本题考查定语从句。

先行词是“the girl”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who。

21.The poet wrote, “Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.” This is an example of _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这句话是倒装句的一种，即否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装。

倒装句是为了强调或平衡句子结构而改变正常语序的一种句式。

这句话正常语序为“I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.”。

22.It was not until midnight that he came back. This is a(n) _____.
A.emphatic sentence
B.inverted sentence
C.elliptical sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个强调句，强调时间状语“not until midnight”。

强调句的结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 其他部分”。

23.Only when you study hard can you pass the exam. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个倒装句，“only + 状语从句”位于句首时，
主句要用部分倒装。

正常语序为“You can pass the exam only when you study hard.”。

24.Had I known the truth, I would not have done that. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个虚拟语气的倒装句，省略了if，把had 提前。

正常语序为“If I had known the truth, I would not have done that.”。

25.Not only does he like music, but also he is good at painting. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个倒装句，“not only...but also...”连接两个句子时，not only 后的句子要用部分倒装。

正常语序为“He not only likes music, but also he is good at painting.”。

26.It is the beauty of nature that attracts us. This is a(n) _____.
A.emphatic sentence
B.inverted sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个强调句，强调主语“the beauty of nature”。

强调句的结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 其他部分”。

27.Seldom do we see such a wonderful performance. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个倒装句，seldom 位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。

正常语序为“We seldom see such a wonderful performance.”。

28.No sooner had he arrived than the concert began. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个倒装句，“no sooner...than...”引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，且no sooner 位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

正常语序为“He had no sooner arrived than the concert began.”。

29.Only after he had finished his homework did he go to bed. This is a(n) _____.
A.inverted sentence
B.emphatic sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个倒装句，“only + 状语从句”位于句首时，
主句要用部分倒装。

正常语序为“He went to bed only after he had finished his homework.”。

30.It was in this park that we met for the first time. This is a(n) _____.
A.emphatic sentence
B.inverted sentence
C.omitted sentence
答案解析：A。

这是一个强调句，强调地点状语“in this park”。

强调句的结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 其他部分”。

31.The research on the impact of climate change on biodiversity,which has been conducted by numerous scientists over the past decade,is of great significance.
A.主语是research，谓语是is，表语是significance
B.主语是climate change，谓语是has been conducted，表语是significance
C.主语是scientists，谓语是is，表语是significance
D.主语是biodiversity，谓语是has been conducted，表语是significance
答案解析：A。

这句话的主语是“The research on the impact of climate change on biodiversity”，其中“research”是核心词，“on the impact of climate change on biodiversity”是介词短语修饰“research”；谓语是“is”；表语是“of great significance”。

32.The book that was written by a famous author and has received
numerous awards is widely read by people all over the world.
A.主语是book，谓语是was written，表语是widely read
B.主语是author，谓语是has received，表语是widely read
C.主语是book，谓语是is，表语是widely read
D.主语是awards，谓语是is，表语是widely read
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The book”，“that was written by a famous author and has received numerous awards”是定语从句修饰“book”；谓语是“is”；表语是“widely read by people all over the world”。

33.The idea that we should protect the environment and reduce carbon emissions is widely accepted by the public.
A.主语是idea，谓语是should protect，表语是accepted
B.主语是we，谓语是should protect，表语是accepted
C.主语是idea，谓语是is，表语是accepted
D.主语是environment，谓语是is，表语是accepted
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The idea”，“that we should protect the environment and reduce carbon emissions”是同位语从句解释“idea”；谓语是“is”；表语是“widely accepted by the public”。

34.The project,which requires a large amount of investment and extensive cooperation,is expected to bring significant benefits to the local economy.
A.主语是project，谓语是requires，表语是benefits
B.主语是investment，谓语是requires，表语是benefits
C.主语是project，谓语是is expected，表语是benefits
D.主语是cooperation，谓语是is expected，表语是benefits
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The project”，“which requires a large amount of investment and extensive cooperation”是定语从句修饰“project”；谓语是“is expected”；表语是“to bring significant benefits to the local economy”，核心词是“benefits”。

35.The company's decision to expand its business overseas,which was made after careful consideration,is considered a bold move.
A.主语是decision，谓语是was made，表语是bold move
B.主语是company，谓语是expand，表语是bold move
C.主语是decision，谓语是is considered，表语是bold move
D.主语是consideration，谓语是is considered，表语是bold move
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The company's decision to expand its business overseas”，其中“decision”是核心词，“to expand its business overseas”是不定式短语修饰“decision”；谓语是“is considered”；表语是“a bold move”。

36.The report,which contains detailed analysis and valuable recommendations,is highly regarded by experts in the field.
A.主语是report，谓语是contains，表语是regarded
B.主语是analysis，谓语是contains，表语是regarded
C.主语是report，谓语是is regarded，表语是regarded
D.主语是recommendations，谓语是is regarded，表语是regarded
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The report”，“which contains detailed analysis and valuable recommendations”是定语从句修饰“report”；谓语是“is regarded”；表语是“highly regarded by experts in the field”。

37.The statement that the economy is recovering slowly but steadily is supported by recent data.
A.主语是statement，谓语是is recovering，表语是supported
B.主语是economy，谓语是is recovering，表语是supported
C.主语是statement，谓语是is supported，表语是supported
D.主语是data，谓语是is supported，表语是supported
答案解析：C。

这句话的主语是“The statement”，“that the economy is recovering slowly but steadily”是同位语从句解释“statement”；谓语是“is supported”；表语是“supported by recent data”。

38.The plan,which aims to improve education quality
41.It is important that we should study hard.
A.that we should study hard is important.
B.we should study hard is important.
C.it is important we should study hard.
D.we should study hard important.
答案解析：A 项主系表结构完整，与原句一致；B 项缺少that 引导主语从句；C 项语序错误；D 项缺少is。

原句中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句we should study hard。

42.The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.
A.The book I bought yesterday is very interesting which.
B.Which I bought yesterday the book is very interesting.
C.The book is very interesting which I bought yesterday.
D.I bought yesterday the book which is very interesting.
答案解析：原句是主系表结构，The book 是主语，is very interesting 是系表结构，which I bought yesterday 是定语从句修饰The book。

A 项语序错误；B 项语序错误；C 项语序错误；D 项语序错误。

43.Not only he but also I am a student.
A.Not only I but also he am a student.
B.He not only but also I am a student.
C.Not only am I but also he a student.
D.I not only but also he am a student.
答案解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词与临近的主语保持一致。

原句中I 离谓语动词更近，所以谓语动词用am。

A 项错误；
B 项错误；
C 项正确；
D 项错误。

44.With the help of my teacher, I have made great progress.
A.I have made great progress with the help of my teacher.
B.With the help of my teacher, great progress have I made.
C.I have made with the help of my teacher great progress.
D.Great progress have I made with the help of my teacher.
答案解析：原句是主谓宾结构，I 是主语，have made 是谓语，great progress 是宾语，with the help of my teacher 是状语。

A 项语序正确；B 项语序错误；C 项语序错误；D 项语序错误。

45.The man who is standing there is my father.
A.The man is my father who is standing there.
B.Who is standing there the man is my father.
C.The man is standing there who is my father.
D.Is standing there the man who is my father.
答案解析：原句是主系表结构，The man 是主语，is my father 是系表结构，who is standing there 是定语从句修饰The man。

A 项语序错误；B 项语序错误；C 项语序错误；D 项语序错误。

46.It was in the park that I met him.
A.I met him in the park it was.
B.In the park that I met him it was.
C.It was I met him in the park.
D.That I met him it was in the park.
答案解析：原句是强调句型，It was...that...。

强调地点状语in the park。

A 项错误；B 项错误；C 项错误；D 项错误。

47.He is the man whom I saw yesterday.
A.He is the man I saw yesterday whom.
B.Whom I saw yesterday he is the man.
C.The man whom I saw yesterday is he.
D.I saw yesterday the man whom is he.
答案解析：原句是主系表结构，He 是主语，is the man 是系表结构，whom I saw yesterday 是定语从句修饰The man。

A 项语序错误；
B 项语序错误；
C 项正确；
D 项语序错误。

48.The news that he told me is very exciting.
A.The news he told me is very exciting that.
B.That he told me the news is very exciting.
C.The news is very exciting that he told me.
D.He told me the news that is very exciting.
答案解析：原句是主系表结构，The news 是主语，is very exciting 是系表结构，that he told me 是定语从句修饰The news。

A 项语序错误；B 项语序错误；C 项语序错误；D 项语序错误。

49.As soon as I got home, I began to do my homework.
A.I began to do my homework as soon as I got home.
B.As soon as I got home, my homework I began to do.
C.I got home as soon as I began to。