辽宁盘锦市高级中学任务型阅读单元测试题doc

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．请认真阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

When times are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure their citizens remain fed? In the past, most of them used subsidies (现金补助) to keep food prices low for all their citizens. But these policies have become ineffective: the cost of maintaining Egypt's food subsidies, for instance, nearly doubled between 2009 and 2013. And much of the money goes to the wrong people. In Egypt and the Philippines less than 20% of spending on food subsidies goes to poor households. In the Middle East and North Africa only 35% of subsidies reach 40% of the poorest, the IMF notes.
Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤字) , many countries are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly at the needy. But what form should the targeted aid take? Earlier this month Iran introduced free handouts of food to replace its subsidy method. Other countries, such as Indonesia and Malaysia, have chosen instead to provide extra cash benefits to the poor. So far, food vouchers (代金券) have been the least popular option. Proposals to introduce food vouchers in such countries as Malaysia have been rejected on the basis that they were too American and un-Asian.
However, the researchers at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) thought that might have been a mistake and analyzed the results of an experiment conducted by the World Food Programme in Ecuador, a South American country, in 2011, which compared handouts of food, cash and vouchers in the experiment. The study found that direct handouts—Iran's new policy—were the least effective option. They cost three times as much as vouchers to promote calorie intake by 15%, and were four times as costly as a way of increasing dietary diversity and quality. Distribution costs were high, and wastage was also a problem. Only 63% of the food given away was actually eaten, while 83% of the cash was spent on food and 99% of the vouchers were exchanged as intended. Food handouts have also been the costliest option in similar projects in some African countries, according to John Hoddinott at IFPRI.
In Ecuador there was little difference in cost between handing out cash and food vouchers, the other two options. But food vouchers were better at encouraging people to buy healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for them. It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition using food vouchers than it was by handing out cash.
A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.
Compared；necessity/must；relieve
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，当时局艰难时，贫穷国家的政府应如何确保其公民有饭吃？文章论述了什么食品券是发展中国家值得考虑的政策。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.”从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最有效方式。

世界银行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要；以及全文的内容可知，food vouchers是最合理最划算的政策，因此它值得发展中国家去考虑。

故填worth/deserving。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“When ti mes are tough, how should governments in poor countries ensure their citizens remain fed?”当时局艰难时，贫穷国家的政府应如何确保其公民有饭吃）可知，universal subsidies（补贴）的目的是ensure their citizens remain fed“确保其公民有饭吃”。

由空后for可知，此处替换成provide for the citizen in poor countries。

故填provide。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“But these policies have become ineffective”但这些政策已经失效。

可知，此处把ineffective替换成not effective。

故填effective。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“And much of the money goes to the wrong people.”大部分钱都花在了错误的人身上；和第二段中的“aimed more directly at the needy”更直接地针对有需要的人。

Needy与此处in need 形成同义替换。

故填need。

（5）考查原词重现，根据第二段中的“Motivated by a desire to control growing budget deficits (赤字) , many countries are replacing broad subsidies with policies aimed more directly at the needy.”出于控制不断增长的预算赤字的愿望，许多国家正在用更直接针对贫困人口的
政策取代广泛的补贴。

可知，此处填写directly。

故填directly。

（6）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Distribution costs were high, and wastage was also a problem.”配送成本高，浪费也是一个问题，可知，一大部分食物被浪费导致了巨大的浪费问题。

因此需要一个链接前后句的承接词，由题意我们选择causing"造成"。

故填causing。

（7）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“But food vouchers were better at encouraging people to buy healthier foods because of restrictions on what items could be exchanged for them”但食品券在鼓励人们购买更健康的食品方面做得更好，因为可以兑换的食品种类受到了限制。

可知，当鼓励人们去买健康食物的时候food vouchers效果很好。

when it comes to…"当……的时候"。

故填comes。

（8）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“It was 25% cheaper to promote the quality of household nutrition using food vouchers than it was by handing out cash.”用食品券来提高家庭营养质量比用现金要便宜25%。

可知，handing out cash和food voucher相比更加贵，两者是对比关系，应使用compare"比较"的过去分词。

故填Compared。

（9）考查原词重现，根据最后一段中的“A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers cou ld be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.”从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最有效方式。

世界银行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要。

可知，此处使用necessity/must"必要性/必须"，由空前a 可知，此处使用名词单数。

故填necessity/must。

（10）考查原词重现。

根据最后一段中的“A switch from universal subsidies to vouchers could be the most efficient way of promoting health as well as relieving poverty. This is very necessary in many developing countries, according to Lynn Brown, a consultant for the World Bank.”从普遍补贴转向代金券可能是促进健康和消除贫困的最有效方式。

世界银行顾问林恩•布朗表示，这在许多发展中国家非常必要。

可知，此处使用relieve"解除，减轻"。

故填relieve。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇经济类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而写出正确答案。

2．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

When we were growing up in our grandparents' home, Jack, my grandfather, was always in his room sitting in the chair and listening to the radio. The voices speaking from the metal box day and night, taught us that there was a larger world outside. He would roll the black dial (刻度盘) back and forth until the signal was clear. Then he would listen.
Now he is old and falls ill. When I went to visit him, he said to me, "I dislike the Internet. The problem is that we're losing primary contact with each other. No more shaking hands. Everyone is so busy. We want too much and in the process of getting it we miss so much." He stopped for a while. "It makes me lonely and sad." Then he looked at me, "I just want to hear your voices."
I think of all the voices on the radio he has spent a lifetime listening to. I asked, "How did you become interested in radio?" "I don't know," he said. "It was another way to reach people. I was always interested in searching for a better signal, a clearer, more powerful signal that could
communicate with someone somewhere."
"And I'll tell you another funny thing: you can electronically eliminate all kinds of noise from the signal, but you can't get rid of natural noise caused by thunder and lightning, rainstorms, or snowstorms."
He closed his eyes and smiled. "I was just thinking that in spite of all our technologies, maybe we haven't progressed that far as human beings. We shouldn't forget we still have the same basic needs."
（1）What did Jack use to do in his room? (No more than 12 words)
（2）Why did Jack roll the black dial back and forth? (No more than 5 words)
（3）How is Jack feeling now? (No more than 8 words)
（4）What does the underlined word "eliminate" in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word)
（5）What should you do to solve the problem of losing direct contact with others? (No more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）He used to sit in the chair, listening to his radio.
Or: He sat in the chair and listened to his radio.
（2）To find a clear signal.
（3）He is feeling lonely and sad.
（4）Remove.
（5）Open.
We should reduce the time we spend on the Internet and find more time to communicate with others.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的祖父杰克曾经爱听收音机的习惯以及祖父杰克对互联网的看法，旨在说明我们应该减少上网的时间，多拿出些时间来与人交流，尤其应该多与老人进行直接的交流，以减少他们的孤独感。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Jack, my grandfather, was always in his room sitting in the chair and listening to the radio.”可知，作者的祖父Jack总是在他的房间里坐在椅子上，听收音机。

故答案概括为：He used to sit in the chair, listening to his radio. Or: He sat in the chair and listened to his radio.
（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“He would roll the black dial（刻度盘）back and forth until the signal was clear.”他来回地拨弄着黑色表盘，直到信号清晰为止，可知，Jack这样做的目的是为了找到清晰的信号。

故答案概括为：To find a clear signal.
（3）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“I dislike the Internet.以及It makes me lonely and sad.”可知，Jack不喜欢互联网，因为它使他感到孤独与悲伤.故答案概括为：He is feeling lonely and sad.
（4）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“…but you can't remove natural noise caused by thunder and lightning, rainstorms, or snowstorms.”但你却不能去除掉由雷电，暴雨，或暴风雪造成的天然的噪声）可推测，前一句“you can electronically eliminate all kinds of noise from the signal”的意思“你可以通过电子手段消除信号中的各种噪声”。

因此，remove（去除）应与划线部分的单词是同义词故答案为remove。

（5）考查开放题。

本题问的是：你怎样做才能解决失去与他人直接交流的问题？根据文中第二段I dislike the Internet. The problem is that we're losing primary contact with each other. No more shaking hands. Everyone is so busy.可知，由于有了互联网以后，人们都忙着上网了，才使得人们失去了直接接触的机会。

故答案概括为：We should reduce the time we spend on the Internet and find more time to communicate with others.也可以发表自己的意见，但注意不要超过20个单词。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和开放题三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

3．阅读理解
When was the last time you sat on a park bench(凳子)? Did you stay for long? A new kind of park benches will limit the amount of time you can sit there. If you don't get up in time, it could be very painful: there are many sharp spikes (钉子) on the part that you sit on!
Visitors who want a rest on the bench need to put a coin in a machine next to it. Once the money was accepted, the spikes disappear into the bench. Then visitors can sit down comfortably, but only for half an hour. When the time's up, the spikes slowly start moving up again. It doesn't hurt at first, but after a minute, they start coming up even more quickly. They aren't long enough to cause serious hurt, but they do cause pain, as tests have shown. But why have they been installed (安装)?
"Our public park is very popular in summer," a spokesperson for the park explained. "But with all the thousands of people who visit the park, there aren't enough benches for everyone. We want to make sure that the benches are shared by more visitors, and to stop people taking a bench and staying there all day. Installing spikes seems to be the fairest way of stopping people doing this."
（1）How is the new kind of park bench different from other benches?
（2）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
（3）Why are the new benches installed?
（4）The passage says, "Installing spikes seems to be the fairest way of stopping people doing this." Do you agree with this? Please state your reasons.
【答案】（1）It can limit the amount of time people sit on it (with sharp spikes). / If you don't get up from it in limited time, it could make you painful./ There are many sharp spikes on it to limit the amount of time people sit on it.
（2）It's mainly about how the new kind of benches work.
（3）They're installed to solve the problem that some people take a bench too long and others can't share it.
（4）Yes. If people are asked to pay for benches, they will not take it too long when they don't really need it. Thus, every visitor will have the chance to share it. / No. Benches in parks should be free to visitors. The park can build more benches to solve its problem instead of limiting the time when visitors have a rest on benches.
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型公园长椅，其不同之处在于它上面有很多尖刺，用来限制人们坐在上面的时间。

安装这种椅子的目的是为了让更多的人都能分享到长椅。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“If you don’t get up in time, it could be very painful: there are many sharp spikes on the part that you sit on!”如果你没有及时起来，那将是非常痛苦的:你所坐的部位有许多锋利的刺!可知新型公园长椅与其他长椅的不同之处在于如果你不能在有限的时间内离开它，它可能会让你痛苦。

故答案为：It can limit the amount of time people sit on it (with sharp spikes). / If you don’t get up from it in limited time, it could make you painful./There are many sharp spikes on it to limit the amount of time people sit on it.。

（2）考查段落大意。

根据第二段中的“Visitors who want a rest on the bench need to put a coin in a machine next to it. Once the money was accepted, the spikes disappear into the bench. Then visitors can sit down comfortably, but only for half an hour. When the time’s up, the spikes slowly start moving up again.”想要在长椅上休息的游客需要在旁边的机器里放一枚硬币。

一旦这笔钱被接受，钉子就会消失在板凳上。

然后游客可以舒服地坐下来，但只能坐半个小时。

当时间到了，尖峰又开始慢慢地向上移动。

可知第二段主要介绍了这种新型长椅是如何工作的，故答案为It’s mainly about how the new kind of benches work.。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“We want to make sure that the benches are shared by more visitors, and to stop people taking a bench and staying there all day.”我们希望确保更多的游客可以共享这些长椅，并阻止人们坐在长椅上一整天。

可知安装它们是为了解决有些人坐了太长时间的板凳，而有些人却无法分享的问题。

故答案为：They’re installed to solve the problem that some people take a bench too long and others can’t share it.。

（4）本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。

故答案为：Yes. If people are asked to pay for benches, they will not take it too long when they don’t really need it. Thus, every visitor will have the chance to share it. /No. Benches in parks should be free to visitors. The park can build more benches to solve its problem instead of limiting the time when visitors have a rest on benches.。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意以及开放题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，概括归纳，从而写出正确答案。

4．任务型阅读
Observational Learning: To See Is to Know
A group of psychologists, led by Albert Bandura, developed social learning theory, which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context. This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behavior of others, is called observational learning. Observational learning helps people acquire proper behavior in their families and cultures. By watching others, we learn how to greet people, eat, laugh and tell jokes. Do you still remember your first few days in senior grade one? By watching others, you learned how people talked to each other, what clothes were "fashionable," and how to interact with instructors.
With modeling, you observe others' behaviors, and then none, some, or all of these behaviors may be learned and repeated, or modified. In one of Bandura's classic studies, children were
divided into three groups: One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll, one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll, and the third didn't see an adult at all. After being mildly frustrated by being placed in a room with toys, but not being allowed to play with some of them, all of the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys, including a Bobo doll. Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it).
Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective. Not surprisingly, the more you pay attention to the model, the more you learn. You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful. Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves, so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated. All students need to see successful, capable models who look and sound like them.
Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning? Here are a few guidelines. Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. For example, show enthusiasm for the subject you teach. Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform. Second, use peers, especially class leaders, as models. For example, in group work, pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties. Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. Examples include letting high-status students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant at first.
impacts；aggressive / violent / rude；likely；similar；teaching / education / instruction；desired / expected / target；Seeking
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍什么是观察学习，观察学习的应用，怎么将观察学习用于教学。

（1）考查信息归纳。

根据右边的内容：Observational learning is learning that occurs through ________ and imitation of others.可知这是观察学习的定义，故填Definition / Concept / Meaning。

（2）考查词性转化。

根据第一段中的“This kind of learning, which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others, is called observational learning.”可知将observing 改成observation。

（3）考查词性转化。

根据第一段中的“Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures”可知将proper改成 properly / appropriately / well。

（4）考查原词重现。

根据第二段中的“Children in the f irst group tended to imitate what they had seen, mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it)。

”可知看见不好的行为的孩子自己也会学习，有虐待性，故填abusive。

（5）考查原词重现。

根据第二段可知这里介绍榜样的影响，故填impacts。

（6）考查原词重现。

根据第三段中的“You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert, is good looking, has high status, or is socially powerful.”可知填likely。

（7）考查句意理解。

根据第三段中的“Second, by watching others, we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves,”可知和我们相像的人会促进观察学习。

like=" similar" to，故填similar。

（8）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Then, as teachers, how can you apply observational learning?”可知怎么将观察学习应用于教学中，故填 teaching / education / instruction。

（9）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Above all, model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn. ”可知将desire改成desired / expected / targeted。

（10）考查词性转化。

根据第四段中的“Third, you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors. ”可知将seek改成Seeking。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，词性转化和原词重现三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。

5．任务型阅读
This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for e-notices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?
Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an A-minus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an A-minus student who applies to Princeton but "only" gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.
There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29--year--olds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at non-selective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.
But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40,000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students——-one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know：Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to super-selective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was "indistinguishable from zero."
What does that mean? It means that, for many students, "who you are" is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.
For the elite colleges themselves, the Dale-Krueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less--educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a game-changer. But getting into Princeton if your parents both left community college after a year? That could be game-changing. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.
【答案】stressed/pressured；on；assumption；decided/determined；applying；down；Personal/Individual；Nothing；influential；fit
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对等待通知书而焦虑的人，作者提出的一些建议。

许多家长和学生认为，一个进入大学的学生的终身成绩之间存在着差异，但在后来的研究调查中显示，对于许多学生来说，“你是谁”比你去哪里更重要。

但是无论如何，选择一所适合的大学对申请者而言更为重要。

（1）考查信息理解，根据第一段中的“under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves.”在父母，朋友，老师和他们自己的巨大压力下。

可知大学申请者在等待入学决定时往往感到压力，故填stressed/pressured。

（2）考查信息理解。

根据第一段中的“As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience，but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay?”对此，我提出了一些建议，这些建议不仅仅来自于一些经验, 但也有一些研究：冷静下来，继续，好吗？carry on=continue，故填on。

（3）考查信息概括。

第二段是人们对此问题的设想，因此填 assumption。

（4）考查信息转换。

根据第二段中的“ They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life.”，可知人们普遍的一个误解是他们所上的学校会决定生活中的成功或失败。

故填 decided/determined。

（5）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well.”以及“Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery.”可知，申请顶尖大学的人其实在自己的人生中已经成功了一半，故填applying。

（6）考查信息转换。

根据第四段中的“Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges?”上精英大学的学生在30多岁，40多岁和50对岁的时候比有相似的SAT成绩，被精英大学拒绝的学生挣的钱多吗？reject=turn down，故填down。

（7）考查信息转换。

根据第五段中的“It means that, for many students, ‘who you are’is more important than where you go.”可知，学生的个人品质比他们去哪上大学更重要，故填Personal/Individual。

（8）考查信息转换。

根据第五段中的“In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life.”另外，招生官员的决定并不像学生们在他们的年轻生活中已经建立起的决定，习惯和人际关系的总和那么重要，可知什么也没有比学生获得社交和解决问题的能力重要，故填Nothing。

（9）考查信息转换。

根据第六段中的“It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from less-educated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job n etworks with great influence”可知，择优录取的大学对家庭受教育水平较低的少数学生的生活收入有显著影响。

此处形容词作定语，故填 influential。

（10）考查信息理解。

根据最后一段中的“ Whatever the results, it's more important to
choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.”不管结果如何，更重要的是选择一所适合申请人的大学。

可知填fit。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息理解，信息转换和信息概括三个题型的考查。

是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。

6．阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。

After we all came to the conclusion that our family could responsibly care for dog; my husband and I started our search at a local animal shelter.
We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was a approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew how to fetch a ball. My husband and I immediately adopted him Duke quickly fit into our family's lifestyle. And he quickly learned the tricks like "sit", and "come".
But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp---that of a watchdog. My husband was trying to teach him to remind us by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard. Duke would listen carefully to my husband's commands, but would cock （竖起）his head to one side in confusion and disappointment as if to tell his master that he just didn't understand what my husband was asking him to do. My husband would give his "watch" command. Duke would stand up---muscles tightened in readiness, but would not have a clue as to what he was in readiness for.
One morning we heard the garbage collectors come up the driveway to get our garbage.
My husband went to the open bedroom window so Duke could hear and see the men through the screen.
"Watch" my husband commanded. Duke rose in readiness, looked at my husband as sudden comprehension dawned on him, gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window screen jumping happily out to greet the garbage men.
Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husbands mood when he found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his face.
Duke brought our family so much fun. We never scolded or beat him. He was one of our family members.
（1）What was Duke like when the author adopted him? (no more than 10 words)
（2）What did the author's husband expect Duke to do as a watchdog? (no more than 15 words) （3）What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 5? (no more than 10 words) （4）How did the author and her husband feel about Duke's leaping through the window? (no more than 10 words)
（5）How do you think people should treat their pets? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）It was medium-sized, young, sweet and intelligent.
（2）To remind them by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard.
（3）Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.
（4）The author was amused while her husband feet calm about it.
（5）I think people should love their pets and have fun with them instead of abusing them.
Or: I think people should love their pets and treat them as the family members.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者收养宠物狗Duke以后所发生的故事。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew how to fetc h a ball.”可知，当作者收养Duke时，他中等大小的身材、年轻、可爱且聪明。

故答案为It was medium-sized，young， sweet and intelligent.
（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“And he quickly learned the tricks like ‘sit’，‘stay’，and ‘come’”.和第三段中的“But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp — that of a watchdog.”可知，Duke被作者的家庭收养后学会了“sit”，“stay”，“come” 和“be a watchdog”，故答案为Duke learned how to “sit”，“stay”，“come” and “be a watchdog”.
（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第五段中的“gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window screen, jumping happily out to greet the garbage m en.”它很快地摇了摇尾巴，从窗玻璃里跳出来，高兴地跳出来迎接收垃圾的人。

可知，Duke突然明白了主人的命令/意图/想法。

故答案为Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husband's mood when he found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his face.”看到这，我忍不住笑了。

当我丈夫发现发生的事情时，我的笑声并没有影响他的情绪，他只是离开去修理屏幕，脸上没有任何表情。

可知，Duke从窗户跳出来时作者被逗乐了，而她的丈夫对此却感到很平静。

故答案为The author was amused while her husband felt calm about it.
（5）开放性试题。

如何对待宠物？我认为人们应该爱他们的宠物，和他们一起玩，而不是虐待他们。

或者:我认为人们应该爱他们的宠物，把他们当作家庭成员。

故答案为I think people should love their pets and have fun with them, instead of abusing them.Or: I think people should love their pets and treat them as the family members.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和开放试题四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

7．阅读下面短文，回答问题。

I am a member at the Blue Ridge Mountains Writers Conference. This is the conference where I got my start about 15 years ago, so it feels special whenever I go back there.
I usually teach multiple sessions, host a table at meals where I can talk with conferees, and often have about 40-50 private appointments with attendees. I take great pleasure in giving my personal advice on the beginners' writing journey after listening to their puzzlement.
And then I realized something, as I looked across the room and saw AI Gansky and Eva Marie Everson whom I'd had private appointments with many years ago when I was one of the conferees. The only reason I am a member there now is because countless people like them have invested in me. As a new writer, I once expressed my book ideas to Al and Eva, and they。