2020届临川一中高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析

2020届临川一中高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Sahara Marathon 2021-Around the World
The Sahara Marathon is organized by the Saharawi Ministry of Youth and Sports and a group of volunteers from different countries. During the last twenty years, thousands of runners from all continents have traveled to the Algerian desert to live the experience provided by this race and to bond with refugee families. In this unique edition of 2021, the experience will be different. The race will be held in a virtual way and the donations collected through the event will go to the most needy families in the Saharawi Camps of Tindouf.
Rules of the 2021 Sahara Marathon
Participation
All those people over 16 years of age (16 included) may take part in this virtual competition, as long as they are correctly registered, both in time and in form. The registered runner must download the Official Sahara Marathon APP to take the race.
Distance and Travel
The distance options selectable in the APP are: 5k, 10k, 21k and 42k. As it is a virtual test, it is very important to make sure that the chosen route allows good mobile coverage for the correct functioning of the GPS. Registration
Registration has a cost of 15 euros, which includes participation in the race and a donation of 5 euros to refugee families. Participants can, if they choose, purchase the official pack of the test (T-shirt, scar, and bib) for the price of 25 euros.
Acceptance
Registration is personal and non-transferable and implies acceptance of these regulations. Runners who are not registered or run without the APP will not be admitted.
1. What can we learn about the 2021 Sahara Marathon?
A. It is a big family event.
B. It provides a virtual tour.
C. It raises money for charity.
D. It will be held in the desert.
2. How much should a runner pay if he wants to register for the race?
A. 15 euros.
B. 20 euros.
C. 25 euros.
D. 40 euros.
3. What are runners required to do in the race?
A. Choose safe routes.
B. Wear casual clothes.
C. Run with the official app.
D. Transfer registration in time.
B
The measurable threat to the environment has been worsened by the spread of COVID-19 that increases the need for plastic protective equipment. Most plastic is made from fossil fuels. Millions of tons of greenhouse gas are released from the development of these resources and plastic production and burning.
The end life of plastic is just worrisome. Less than 10% of the plastic produced has been recycled. Even more of it has been burned. But the vast majority of plastic has been buried inland, and it is increasingly polluting the environment. We hear mostly about ocean plastic and the harm done to sea creatures that mistake plastic bags and bits for food. But microplastic is even more worrisome. Plastic doesn't break down biologically but instead breaks down into tiny particles（a very small piece of something）, which have been found in every corner of the planet, on land and in the air, in drinking water and food sources.
Yet the public has not given this global environmental disaster the attention it requires. Instead, they have viewed single-use plastic—which makes up about 40% of plastic used each year—as a litter issue that can be solved through better recycling and waste management. That attitude must change because the recent global breakdown of the market for recycling has made it clear that it has never been, nor ever will be, able to keep up with plastic trash use.
California has been the forerunner of plastic waste reduction—it was the first state to ban single-use plastic bags and may be the first state to transform the way goods are packaged. The state also came close to passing an act which would have required that products sold in plastic packaging in the state have a proven recycling rate of 75% by 2032. California, though influential, can't solve this crisis alone. The US has long been producing a great amount of plastic trash and it should engage in reducing the use of plastic as well.
4. Why does the author mention the release of greenhouse gas in paragraph 1?
A. To show the harm of plastic
B. To warn of the climate change.
C. To call for the development of fossil fuels.
D. To highlight the importance of plastic equipment.
5. What's the author's attitude towards the public opinion on single-use plastic?
A. Favorable.
B. Tolerant.
C. Curious.
D. Opposed.
6. What's California's role in reducing plastic waste?
A. A pioneer.
B. A failure.
C. An objector.
D. A predictor.
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Microplastic Products Are Harmful
B. Waste Recycling Is an Urgent Matter
C. Plastic Waste Pollution Is a Wake-up Call
D. Global Environmental Disasters Are Increasing
C
What acts of kindness will make us the happiest, and who tends to benefit the most? A newly-published review of decades of kindness research provides some answers.
In this paper, researchers analyzed the results from 126 research articles looking at almost 200, 000 participants from around the world. The studies they chose measured well-being in various ways, including both mental and physical health. Some were experiments, where people did a kindness practice to observe its effects, while others just surveyed people about how kind and happy they were.
As expected, people who were kind tended to have higher well-being. Lead researcher Bryant Hui wasastoundedthat the relationship wasn't stronger than it was, but he was still encouraged by the results.
One thing Hui and his colleagues found was that people who performed random, informal acts of kindness, like bringing a meal to a sad friend, tended to be happier than people who performed more formal acts of kindness, like volunteering in a soup kitchen.
The researchers also found that people who were kind tended to be higher in "eudaimonic happiness"(a sense of meaning and purpose in life) more than "hedonic happiness"(a sense of pleasure and comfort). Perhaps this makes sense, given that being kind takes effort, which reduces comfort but could make people feel better about themselves and their abilities, which would provide a sense of meaning.
Being kind came with greater eudaimonic happiness for women than for men, too. According to Hui, this could be because, in many cultures, women are expected to be kinder than men; so, they may have more to gain from it. And younger participants experienced more happiness when they were kind than older participants, perhaps for developmental reasons, he says.
Hui isn't sure why acting kind might have these different effects on different groups, but he points to theories put forth by researcher Elizabeth Midlarsky: Being kind may make us feel better about ourselves as a person or about the meaning of our lives, help us forget our own troubles and stresses, or help us be more socially-connected with others.
8. What does the data in the second paragraph intend to show?
A. The recent paper is worthy of being read.
B. The recent paper gives convincing results.
C. Kindness is always a hot topic of research.
D. Kindness is closely linked to one's well-being.
9. What does the underlined word "astounded" in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Afraid.
B. Certain.
C. Excited.
D. Surprised.
10. Which of the following acts of kindness can make one feel happier according to paragraph 4?
A. Volunteering in a hospital.
B. Cleaning a community.
C. Returning a lost item to its owner.
D. Collecting donations for the poor.
11. What do the researchers find from the paper?
A. Being kind has different effects on different groups.
B. Eudaimonic happiness makes people feel comfort.
C. The younger experienced more happiness than the older.
D. Female participants are kinder than male ones.
D
AnOntarioteen is making waves by turning old fishing gear into new treasures. Since last year, Natalie, 15, hasbeen taking lost or thrown — away fishing nets and rope and transforming them into bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets and necklaces.
Last year, Natalie was working on an assignment for her science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) class. As part of the assignment, she learned about “ghost nets”, which are fishing nets that have been left or lost in the ocean by people who fish.
“They have huge effects on our environment. They can kill coral reefs and many animals,” said Natalie. “46 percent of the Pacific garbage is ghost gear.” The Great Pacific Garbage is a huge collection of trash floating in the Pacific Ocean betweenHawaiiandCalifornia.
Natalie told her mom she wanted to do something to help. She got in touch with a handful of charities, including the Sea Protection Society and Coastal Action.
After getting some shipments of ghost nets and rope from those organizations, Natalie, with the help of her
family, started turning thediscardedgear into new artworks. “We've made bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets, and we've made necklaces, which also use beach glass in them,” she said. Natalie then started selling the artworks online, the crafty buying and selling website.
She donated all her profits-minus a small sum of change to cover supplies — to the charities that donated fishing supplies to her. She's also been donating all the income from her non-profit business, called Nautical Waters, to charity. Natalie said she hoped to continue her passion for ocean life, with plans to study marine biology in university.
12. How did Natalie help with ghost nets?
A. By turning them into artworks.
B. By asking support from her mother.
C. By collecting money from charities.
D. By selling ghost nets at a good price.
13. What made Natalie decide to do something with ghost nets?
A. To collect supplies for the artworks.
B. To prepare for her study in university.
C. To protect coral reefs and marine animals.
D. To complete an assignment for her STEM class.
14. What docs the underlined word “discarded" in Paragraph5refer to?
A. Polluted.
B. Rare.
C. Waste.
D. Discovered.
15. What is the best title for the text.
A. Ghost Nets Ready forSale
B. Charities Make a Big Difference
C. Natalie's Passion for Ocean Treasures
D. TeenTurnsOld Fishing Nets into Artworks
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Five Things Ambitious People Never Say◆“I can’t do this—it’s too hard.”Ambitious people never limit themselves or undervalue hard work with these words.______16______.◆“I’m not good enough.”Ambitious people never say they are not good enough. Saying you are not good enough holds you back and makes you easy to quit when things get a little rough. And quitting when things get a little rough is never a good thing. The most successful people in the world are not quitters._____17_____Be confident and believe in yourself, or no one else will.◆“I won’t make it through the obstacles(障碍).”Challengesand obstacles are tests of your resolve(决心) and desire to succeed.______18______They say they will make it because they know better things lie ahead-the sun always shines after the storm.◆____19____The only time people won’t take you seriously is if you don’t take yourself seriously. Insisting that people won’t take you seriously is an excuse not to do what you know you should do. Ambitious people never say these words. Start respecting yourself and honoring what you do and people will
respect and take you seriously.◆“I’m going to fail for sure.”_____20_____It can teach you valuable lessons and redirect you to the right path. Ambitious people don’t say they are going to fail and let that stop them from trying. They challenge the fear of failure bytaking calculated risks(甘冒风险) because they know the only time you are truly defeated is when you don’t try at all.
A. Ambitious people never say they won't make it through the hard times.
B. They are hard workers who believe in themselves and their abilities.
C. Failure is notentirely bad.
D. They tell themselves they can do it.
E. “People won’t take me seriously.”
F. “People think me impossible.”
G. Ambitious people say they can do everything well.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I'd applied for．I sat in the car，lost in___21___，chewing my lip and staring outside．
I went upstairs，___22___and desperate．Grandpa's door was open for me as usual．There，he was waiting for my___23___with great excitement．I stood silently，forcing a___24___to cover my sadness．He seemed to___25___me immediately，giving me a___26___．I was astonished that such a___27___body was full of so much energy．
Only then did my emotions start___28___out．I told him that all my___29___were for nothing，and that I was feeling discouraged．Grandpa smiled at me___30___and said，"Don't worry．You're far stronger than you think．" Then he___31___，"Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and___32___，neglecting the anxiety that makes it easy to give up．"
He___33___me on the shoulder，with a determined look，before saying，"Cheer up．I'm firmly___34___that you have the capability to succeed．" Grandpa's encouragement soon made my sadness___35___．The next day，I thought about all my problems and___36___a plan．Now，I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure，I'll___37___reach my goals．
Looking back，I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our___38___ones．As my grandpa showed，the___39___of our family members will benefit us___40___．
21. A. fear B. despair C. love D. need
22. A. weak B. strong C. sweet D. simple
23. A. suggestion B. comment C. discovery D. arrival
24. A. tear B. sigh C. signal D. smile
25. A. ignore B. inspect C. read D. order
26. A. hug B. pride C. challenge D. wish
27. A. fine B. fit C. thin D. healthy
28. A. dying B. turning C. checking D. pouring
29. A. offers B. efforts C. promises D. profits
30. A. generally B. gently C. suddenly D. freshly
31. A. added B. shared C. helped D. served
32. A. decisions B. respects C. desires D. pains
33. A. patted B. hit C. begged D. picked
34. A. convinced B. believed C. expected D. changed
35. A. arise B. prevent C. continue D. disappear
36. A. turned into B. came across C. cared about D. worked out
37. A. merely B. actually C. eventually D. instantly
38. A. deserved B. beloved C. determined D. excited
39. A. company B. gratitude C. support D. blame
40. A. never B. forever C. however D. wherever
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The giant panda，also___41.___(know)as panda bear or simply panda，is a bear native ___42.___south central China. In the past many years，the giant panda ___43.___(drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming，deforestation and other ___44.___ (develop). Wild population estimates vary：one estimate shows that there are about 1，590 individuals___45.___(1ive)in the wild，while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that ___46.___ number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.
The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11，1869，___47.___the French missionary(传教士)Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936，Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner ___48.___(bring)a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. To protect the pandas，in 2012，
Earthwatch Institute，a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important ___49.___(science)research，launched a program called“On the Trail of Giant Panda”. This program，based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve，allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养)，and help them___50.___(gradual)adapt to life in the wild.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（◆），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Studying in theUKhave been a good experience for me. When I first arrived, I find life very hard as I didn’t know anybody here, but I soon got to know other Chinese student. Later I became interesting in communicating with people from various cultures, but I made more friends. The courses here were excellent and we were encouraged to think for yourselves, which was quite different from that I had experienced before. During my study, I chose to live in with my classmates in the dormitory. I think it’s better than living in British family because I can meet people from different countries easy.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his
mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
参考答案
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. B 18. A 19. E 20. C
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32.
C 33. A 34. A 35.
D 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
41. known
42. to 43. has been driven
44. development
45. living 46. the
47. when 48. to bring
49. scientific
50. gradually
51.(1).have→has
(2).find→found
(3).student→students
(4).interesting→interested
(5).but→and
(6).yourselves→ourselves
(7).that→what
(8).去掉with前的in
(9).British前添加a
(10).easy→easily
52.略。