2020-2021学年清华附中朝阳学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案

2020-2021学年清华附中朝阳学校高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
For some people, there’s no better companion than mans best friend-a dog. This four-legged pet can bring comfort and joy and provide much- needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.
However, as demand for a new dog increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for $3,000 or more.
Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling (走私) or dog theft. An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites--something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.
But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard tocome to terms withlife in a new home.
Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Lan Alkin manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK, notes: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says, “The economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look after
a dog.” The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.
1. The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except ________.
A. illegal trade of dogs
B. less dog farming
C. high prices of dogs
D. online sale of dogs
2. What does the underlined phrase"come to terms with"in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fit in with
B. Go in for
C. Make up for.
D. End up with
3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Despite the problems, dogs are living happily.
B. The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.
C. Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.
D. The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.
B
Scientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains unsettled. Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.
The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, walking virtual neighborhoods while completing small tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that did not require recalling details. After 15 sessions (期), the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test. But the Labyrinth players gain an improvement in memory through the VR game. A scientist Peter Wais of the University of California said the improvements brought them up to the level of another group of younger adults taking the same memory tests.
Meredith Thompson, an education researcher, studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. It would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory. She says, adding VR can provide greater involvement than other games. Wais's team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.
A cognitive (认知)psychologist, Daniel Simons, who was also not involved in the study, notes experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often failed to evaluate this. And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratorysetting might translate to real-world situations. The outcome, Simons notes, “needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong finding.”
For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. People's memory gradually fails as they age.
B. People of different ages should play VR games.
C. Virtual reality changes people's memory.
D. Virtual reality improves older adults' memory.
5. What is Meredith Thompson's attitude toward the research?
A. satisfied.
B. enthusiastic.
C. cautious.
D. concerned.
6. According to the scientists, the research needs to be improved due to ________.
A. the lack of financial support.
B. the limited pool of participants.
C. the unsatisfying test performance.
D. the impractical application in real world.
7. Where may the passage come from?
A. A novel.
B. A review.
C. A magazine.
D. A guidebook.
C
I don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.
I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.
8. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?
A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).
B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D. She finds space research more important.
9. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.
A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society
B. her involvement in gender politics
C. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist
D. the very fact that she is a woman
10. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?
A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.
B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.
C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.
D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.
11. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?
A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.
B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.
C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.
D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.
D
For 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been rising rapidly to unheard of levels. This is causing polar ice to melt, sea-levels to rise and has brought about adangerous increase in extreme weather events. These intense climatic changes would likely present challenges to our society and environment.
The causes of climate change are mainly anthropogenic (人为的) in nature. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increased amount of gases which absorb heat has led to more heat being kept in the atmosphere, causing global warming.
The certainty of global warming can be seen through some of the natural phenomena like the effect on crops and extreme weather conditions around the world. The most recent assessment report says that the earth’s average temperature has risen by 0. 74 degrees in the period from 1906 to 2005, and that the average temperature will continue to rise. There have also been more violent downpours, sea levels have risen and the ice at the world’s poles and on its mountains is melting. The rising sea level is flooding the low-lying countries inAsiaand small islands in the Pacific. This may lead to the displacement of millions of people, loss of millions of
land and consequently billions of dollars.
Troubled by the serious situation, world leaders came together for the 2015 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference inParis. The climate talks led to 196 countries reaching a landmark agreement that will, for the first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to address global climate change. That was certainly an encouraging step forward for our earth and mankind!
As the world leaders continue to commit themselves to monitor our sick planet, we need to continue to take small steps to heal the world. We are left with not much of a choice. If only we could just pack our bags and migrate to Mars!
12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The information of industrial revolution.
B. The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
C. The reasons of climate change.
D. The result of extreme weather events.
13. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. We have made great achievements.
B. Some measures are still required to take.
C. Mars is suitable for people’s living.
D. Some countries will receive urgent aid.
14. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Long Live Planet Earth!
B.Environment Changes Rapidly!
C. What Serious Global Warming!
D. How Important the UN Agreement Is!
15. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
A. B.
C. D.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Retirement, if you plan well, is filled with leisure time to do what you want when you want. That is why we call retirement the Golden Years. Retirees with grandchildren have the leisure to see them whenever they want.___16___
Early in the pandemic (流行病)，health experts warned older adults to limit contact with children. No matter how much you love them, children are known for spreading germs. And older adults are at higher risk of dying from CO VID-19. But now, as the pandemic continues, the situation is changing again for some retired people. Because of the pandemic, most grandparents are involved in the family's childcare.___17___They check schoolwork, control study time, and create educational games.
Why? For many families, school is also childcare for working parents.___18___So education is happening online and in the home.___19___More grandparents are now being asked to not only watch their grandchildren but also supervise (监督)their online learning.
Mary Hill and her husband Bill have to care for their grandson Will five days a week and supervise his distance learning. Mary says she and her husband are much busier than they were before the pandemic.
___20___Grandparents are often accused of spoiling grandchildren - letting them eat lots of sweets and play all the time. For Mary, becoming a rule enforcer instead of just a fun grandmother for Will has been the hardest part.
A. But most schools remain closed.
B. However, that changed with the coronavirus pandemic.
C. As a result, many families are struggling to find childcare.
D. It is not easy for old adults to get along with their grandchildren.
E. Besides being much busier, grandparents face another difficult problem.
F. In theUnited States, some grandparents are adding new work in their Golden Years.
G. Children experts say grandparents and their grandchildren should hang out together regularly.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项We tried to stop Anna from jumping, but she made no response. Obviously, she ignored our warnings, which led to a____21____that would change her life forever. She____22____off a rock into a river none of us was sure was____23____enough. When she hit the bottom, she broke her back.
I____24____Anna at the hospital every day for the next few weeks. I saw her____25____vary between anger and quite depression. Her whole life seemed____26____. She was too confused and demoralized (意志消沉) to think reasonably about her____27____.
Within about a month,____28____, I began to see a change in Anna. She had moved to Henner House to participate in a comprehensive____29____, designed to meet all the needs of_____30_____like Anna. The program rehabilitates(使康复) accident victims so that they can_____31_____fulfilling lives. Anna gained_____32_____once she saw she could learn to do such everyday tasks cooking, cleaning, and bathing. After learning how to get around indoors, she_____33_____tried travelling around the city in her wheelchair. The more she did, the_____34_____she felt. The staff also helped Anna plan for her future. They urged her to think about her goals and how she might_____35_____them. At times, it was_____36_____for her to keep going with the program, but she didn't quit.
Now ten months later, Anna is about to live a somewhat_____37_____life. Her disability is not a_____38_____: she is able to do many of the ordinary things she used to do — work, drive, and live in an apartment with a friend. Yes, her life had_____39_____forever. But Anna is once again glad to be_____40_____.
21. A. failure B. disease C. concern D. tragedy
22. A. slid B. dived C. fell D. flew
23. A. deep B. shallow C. particular D. dangerous
24. A. treated B. observed C. called D. visited
25. A. thought B. idea C. emotion D. spirit
26. A. in disorder B. in advance C. in shape D. in question
27. A. jump B. injury C. future D. pain
28. A. thus B. otherwise C. besides D. however
29. A. item B. event C. program D. activity
30. A. guests B. patients C. roommates D. visitors
31. A. return to B. lead to C. turn to D. get to
32. A. fame B. fortune C. victory D. hope
33. A. indeed B. already C. even D. still
34. A. better B. worse C. sadder D. prouder
35. A. schedule B. recognize C. stress D. meet
36. A. boring B. challenging C. serious D. rough
37. A. convenient B. tough C. normal D. peaceful
38. A. drag B. shame C. puzzle D. process
39. A. failed B. changed C. recovered D. improved
40. A. safe B. alive C. graceful D. grateful
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Betty Ford was born in 1918 in Chicago. Her family moved to Michigan___41.___she was young. Betty did everything___42.___(careful)and enjoyed music best. After high school, she went to school____43.____(learn)more about dancing. Later on, she met a famous____44.____(dance), Martha Graham. She joined Graham's troupe(表演团)in New York. After five years, Betty moved back to Machigan____45.____started a dancing group there. She taught dancing to children with disabilities. Betty met Gerald Ford in 1947. They got____46.____(marry)the next year. Gerald chose to work for Congress(国会)after____47.____(wed). Betty took care___48.___their children. A short time___49.___(late), Nixon gave up his position of the president. As a result, Gerald Ford____50.____(elect)president and Betty became the First Lady.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Healthy eating along with regular exercise are probably the only way become fit. If we eat healthy or exercise regularly, we will lose weight, keep fit and feel great.
As a teenager, it is important to have a balanced diet because we need enough nutritions to grow tall and strong. So we should not be particular with food. Take exercise regularly is of equal importance, which can help you keep fit and release stress.
More important, we should develop a positive attitude, which allows us to look at things positively no matter which happens. Even if we are in a difficult situation, we should never lose a hope.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，近日你校举办了以“中国传统文化之美”为主题的首届校园文化节。

请你根据以下要点，给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.举办时间；
2.活动内容；
3.师生反响。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. B 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. E
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. B
41. when
42. carefully
43. to learn
44. dancer 45. and
46. married
47. wedding
48. of 49. later
50. was elected
51.(1).are→is
(2).way后添加to
(3).or→and
(4).nutritions→nutrition
(5).with→about
(6).Take→Taking
(7).your→us
(8).important→importantly
(9). which→what
(10).去掉a 52.略。