2021届凯里市第一中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析

2021届凯里市第一中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Obesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.
Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.
The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.
If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.
The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.
There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.
Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.
1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.
A. obesity does not do harm to health.
B. there are more obese children than before.
C. all the American children are obese.
D. there are less obese children in the USA.
2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?
A. How to avoid obesity.
B. How to live in the busy USA.
C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.
D. How doctors treat heart problems.
B
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all, I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As 1 flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.
I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness sand said, we need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.
CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from landing gear up.
4. What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are quick learners of CRM.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are unwilling to take advice.
5. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .
A. his boss landed the plane too late
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. he saved the plane by speaking up
D. his boss operated on a patient
6. In the last paragraph landing gear up probably means .
A. following flying requirements
B. making a mistake that may cost lives
C. listening to what fellow doctors say
D. overreacting to different opinions
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B. A Pilot-Turned Doctor
C. The Making of a Good Pilot
D. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
C
Becoming famous is the dream of many, and Tian is getting closer to that dream.
Tian, 30, is a white-collar worker inBeijing. On short video application Douyin, Tian has more than 2,000 fans. So far, she has received more than 50,000 likes on the Dubsmash-like app. On her page on Douyin, Tian shares everything, from her son’s daily activities, to her pet dogs, to little skits (段子) made up by her and her husband. “Making funny videos, and combining them with music is really interesting,” Tian said. “Of course, I make the videos for fun because it is quite relaxing.”
China’s short video market has seen great growth, according to areport. The report said thatChina’s short video market was valued at 5.73 billion yuan ($900 million) in 2017, an increase of 184 percent. The industry value is expected to go up to the 30 billion mark in 2020. Companies like Tencent, Sohu and Iqiyi have all started providing short video content.
“Short videos are popular because they are an addition to traditional audio and video content on the internet,” said Sun Jiashan with the Chinese National Academy of Arts.
Fans say that the short videos help them “chill out” from a stressed-out lifestyle. “My favorite videos are all about pets,” said Zhou Na, a nurse inHefei, capital of East China’sAnhuiprovince. “After a whole day’s work, watching the 15-second videos makes me laugh, which reduces my pressure.”
8. Why does Tian make short videos in Douyin?
A. To get fun.
B. To become a well-known person.
C. To attract fans.
D. To record her family’s routine.
9. What’s Sun Jiashan’s opinion about short videos?
A. They have huge value.
B. They greatly reduce people’s pressure.
C. They make people’s star dreams come true.
D. They enrich internet audio and video content.
10. What does the underlined words “chill out” probably mean?
A. Catch a cold.
B. Feel cold.
C. Calm down.
D. Become concerned.
11. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Every Chinese is using Douyin.
B. China’s short video market is open.
C. Douyin brings the Chinese great happiness.
D.China’s short video market has developed rapidly.
D
As we all know, there are plenty of different parks to visit in theUK. All theme parks inBritainhave cafes, restaurants, picnic areas and gift shops, so you'll still have plenty to see and do when you and the kids have been on enough rides. There are usually smaller “funfair“ rides and games as well, so younger children won't get bored. Several theme parks also have other attractions next to them, e. g. water parks often open all year round, unlike the theme parks.
Whenever you are inBritain, there's likely to be a theme park within one or two hours,drive, bus ride or train journey. Several theme parks even have accommodation(膳宿)so you can stay for a day or two if you want to make a trip into a short holiday.
Prices forUKtheme parks vary considerably; some have an entrance price which allows you to go on all the rides, while in others you have to pay for every ride individually. It can also make a difference whether you go during peak time or not. For example, tickets always cost more during school holidays and weekends than they do during the weekdays.
Theme parks always get very busy during the summer months, so if you don't like crowds ifs usually a good idea to go earlier or later in the year!
If you're thinking of visiting aUKtheme park, it's worth having a look for special offers on tickets. Products such as chocolate bars and cereals sometimes have " buy one get one free" offers on theme park tickets, so keep a look out in shops and supermarkets.
12. This passage mainly talks about all the following EXCEPT.______.
A. things to do
B. prices for theme parks
C. rules to obey
D. special offers
13. If you go to the theme park during the weekdays, you'll probably.______.
A. have to spend more
B. save some money
C. win a big prize
D. get something free
14. According to the passage, what should you do if you are tired of crowds in the theme park?
A. Avoid the busiest months.
B. Go earlier or later in the daytime.
C. Choose one with few visitors.
D. Go there when no one is in it.
15. The best title for the text would be ______.
A. What to Do in the Theme Park
B. Theme Parks in theUK
C. Visiting the Theme Park
D. Introduction to Famous Theme Parks
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Hungarian artist Zoltan Viczan hasrevealed his love and memories of his homeland in a series of new glass artworks at the exhibition,Layers of Hungary, which is taking place at Picnic Gallery in downtown Shanghai from Oct 13 to Nov 15.
Born in Hungary in 1979, Viczan began his studies in glass art at an early age in Budapest.____16____He is known for having developed his own style and techniques for glass engraving(雕刻).
Traditional glassmaking in the West originated in Italy, where the royal court forced master crafts people to live on an island and create fine goods, Viczan says.____17____Then they took the technique to other parts of Europe, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
Viczan came to Asia 10 years ago, spending four years in Japan and two years in Hong Kong before moving to Shanghai in 2016. Generally many expatriates socialized with people from their countries to overcome homesickness.____18____
In the exhibition, visitors will see a map of Hungary sculpted in cast glass and decorated with traditional Hungarian glass patterns, and works describing the city of Budapest and Lake Balaton, the largest lake in Central Europe.
____19____For example, he removed the protective and reflective layers of the mirror to create a window on the surface that reveals the layer underneath. He even placed multiple layers of these windows in front of each other, creating a 3D effect that changes when viewed from different angles.
____20____“We live in an infinitely complex world that we have no way to fully understand,” he says. “Through our experiences, we form a worldview that becomes our reality, which will be challenged when we are exposed to new ideas. These layers of realizations are the signs of our personal development.”
A.He has practiced the art form for nearly 30 years.
B.This is the first time he has presented his creations.
C.The works on show reflect Viczan’s unique methods.
D.Some managed to escape despite of the risks of death.
E.Viczan chose to represent memories of his homeland through his art.
F.The artist believes this is a good way to show idea about people’s viewpoints of reality.
G.It recalled the beauty of the calm, flat water which starts rippling after throwing a pebble in it.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last year, I took an improvisational (即兴的) comedy class. I made a successful attempt to___21___my comfort zone and to have fun. One of the first things our teacher, Myles Goldin, told us to do whenever anyone made a mistake during an exercise was to___22___our hands high in the air and___23___, “Wahoo!” Within a couple of minutes of starting our first game, some students___24___to catch the virtual (虚拟) ball. Suddenly, Goldin was leading us in a round of yelling “Wahoo!” Goldin was conveying a central___25___; Mistakes are not only okay, they’re necessary building blocks of learning and creativity. “We should embrace and___26___mistakes, because we couldn’t grow and create cool things without them,” she said.
An increasing number of teachers are also doing so by encouraging students to___27___in direct experimentation. They are replacing the traditional “sage (智者) on stage” teaching style with“___28___on the side.” Students must instead attempt to think___29___, guided by a teacher’s careful questioning. This requires a lot of_____30_____and error. Along the way, students learn to_____31_____how failure often leads – inadvertently (无意中) — to new discoveries and inventions.
One such program involves the design and construction of a pinhole (针孔) camera. Students use materials such as an old shoebox and oatmeal container, and must apply concepts from all four STEM_____32_____— science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Despite the apparent_____33_____of the materials provided, the challenge requires knowledge of light and optics (光学), engineering design processes (such as meeting the customer needs), mathematical modeling and scientific experimentation.
The researchers found that learning outcomes were higher for students in science classes that take a
student-centered_____34_____. Some of these effects were both significant and sustainable (可持续的). For instance, a_____35_____influence was measured onscores for tests taken 5.5 months after the original instruction. And the results appear to_____36_____to all students — from kindergarten through college.
Learning from mistakes is hardly a(n)_____37_____teaching or life philosophy. A century ago, after live months and more than 9,000 experiments, famed inventor Thomas Edison still wasn’t able to make a new type of storage battery_____38_____, according to a 1910 authorized biography. When a colleague_____39_____all that effort had failed to produce any results, Edison retorted (反驳): “Results! Why, man, I have gotten a lot of_____40_____! I know several thousand things that won’ t work.”
21. A.stretch B.convey C.establish D.cover
22. A.shake B.reach C.throw D.clap
23. A.roar B.yell C.cheer D.crow
24. A.struggled B.failed C.pretended D.managed
25. A.note B.report C.speech D.message
26. A.celebrate B.approve C.support D.avoid
27. A.take B.engage C.enter D.occupy
28. petitor B.trainer C.guide D.partner
29. A.positively B.critically C.personally D.honestly
30. A.intention B.attempt C.judgment D.trial
31. A.appreciate B.enjoy C.value D.observe
32. A.exercises B.regulations C.disciplines D.tests
33. A.rarity B.hardship C.variety D.simplicity
34. A.approach B.access C.test D.chance
35. A.primitive B.predictable C.potential D.positive
36. A.fit B.contribute C.apply D.occur
37. A.new B.unique C.advanced D.unknown
38. A.solve B.move C.work D.promote
39. A.took out B.pointed out C.handed out D.picked out
40. A.inventions B.experiments C.batteries D.results
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In most countries, turning 18____41.____(mark) the start of adulthood. But what does reaching the age of majority really mean? Does it mean that you will be____42.____(complete) in charge of your own life and able to express yourself in new and____43.____(excite) ways? What new responsibilities will you have to take____44.____? Here, three young people tell us what turning 18 means, or meant, to them.
Bethany, 16, comes from Victoria, Australia. She won’t have the right to vote in the next general____45.____(elect), because she won’t be old enough. She has been taking driving lessons but she isn’t allowed to take her driving test____46.____she is 18.
Lin Ning, 19, is from Shanghai, China. At 18, although he could do things like____47.____(get) a credit card and act on his desire to help others, there were still rules____48.____(obey) and lessons to attend.
Morgan, 20, is from Florida, the US. He thought once he turned 18 and got____49.____good job he would rent an apartment, but his salary was not high enough. The reality for him has been very different._____50._____is hard for him to save money because of the household bills and high commute costs.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

One evening, my friend Ma Lin and I was walking home from school. On the way Ma Lin kept scared me, which he thought was funny. I was covered both my ears but he carried on talking. Then the lights in every window went off all of a suddenly and Ma Lin stopped all at once. He whispered, "How happened?" I wanted to playing a joke on him, so I told him that aliens have just cut the power. "That is not funny!" I said, grasping my sleeve. "It's Earth Hour, silly!" I then explained. People turn on lights for an hour to show they care about environment and we do it every year!”
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.华为(Huawei Technologies Co., LTD.)在《中国日报》（China Daily）上刊登了一则广告，为其在California 的分支机构（California Branch）招聘英语和西班牙语口译人员各一名。

假定你是李华，请你写一份相应的求
职信。

内容至少包括：
1、写求职信的缘由；
2、资格以及学业水平；
3、实践经验。

注意：
1、词数100左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3、开篇句与结束句已为你写好。

参考词汇: post, apply for,;graduate from; Beijing Foreign Studies; University(北京外国语大学), travel agency(旅行社), guide, international company, grateful
Dear Sir,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
I enclose(把...装入信封) a copy of my CV(简历) and hope to hear from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
16. A 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. F
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. marks
42. completely
43. exciting
44. on 45. election
46. until 47. getting
48. to obey
49. a 50. It
51.(1).was→were
(2).scared→scaring
(3).将was去掉
(4).suddenly→sudden
(5).How→What
(6).playing→play
(7).have→had
(8).I→He
(9).on→off/out
(10).在environment前面加the 52.略。