高考英语一轮复习 九月阅读理解训练(二)高三全册英语试题

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校湖南2017高考英语九月
阅读理解训练（二）
阅读理解-------文学赏析类
(2013·江西，D)Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel.And he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.
I say clever because anti­slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War.H.B.Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is only the most famous example.These early stories dealt directly with slavery.With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.
Again and again，in the postwar years，Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.Consider the most controversial，at least today，of Twain's novels，Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn，Twain's most widely read tale.Once upon a time，people hated the book because it struck them as rude.Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)．”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)
But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point.The novel is strongly anti­slavery.Jim's search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.As J．Chadwick has pointed out，the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities，“the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：Jim，the father and the man.”
There is much more.Twain's mystery novel Pudd'nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，Twain's tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.A slave gave birth to her master's baby and，for fear that the child should be sold South，switched him for the master's baby by his wife.The slave's lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the
education of the slave­holding class.The master's wife's baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave. The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech，for example—were，to Twain，indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims. Twain's racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called“nigger shows”in his youth—mostly with white men performing in black­face—and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.
Was Twain a racist？Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln.If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the“wisdom”of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.Lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white，fought and won a war to free him.And Twain，raised in a slave state，briefly a soldier，and inventor of Jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.【语篇解读】通过研究马克·吐温的作品，来判定他是否是一名种族主义者。

作者列举了大量事实，说明了马克·吐温是名反对种族主义的斗士，反驳了别人那些错误的观点。

18．How do Twain's novels on slavery differ from Stowe's?
A．Twain was more willng to deal with racism.
B．Twain's attack on racism was much less open.
C．Twain's themes seemed to agree with plots.
D．Twain was openly concerned with racism.
解析推理判断题。

由第二段With minor exceptions，Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else directly可知。

答案B
19．Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its________.
A．target readers at the bottom
B．anti­slavery attitude
C．rather impolite language
D．frequent use of “nigger”
解析细节理解题。

由第三段More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)可知。

答案D
20．What best proves Twain's anti­slavery stand according to the author? A．Jim's search for his family was described in detail.
B．The slave's voice was first heard in American novels.
C．Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture. D．Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.
解析推理判断题。

由第五段中的后三句话可推出。

答案C
21．The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that________. A．slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters B．slaves' babies could pick up slave­holders' way of speaking C．blacks' social position was shaped by how they were brought up D．blacks were born with certain features of prejudice
解析推理判断题。

由第六段第一句The point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status，可推知。

答案C
22．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 7 refer to? A．The attacks. B．Slavery and prejudice.
C．White men. D．The shows.
解析词义辨析题。

由第七段Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.可知。

答案D
23．What does the author mainly argue for?
A．Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism. B．Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln. C．Twain's works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.
D．Twain's works should be read from a historical point of view.
解析主旨大意题。

该篇从马克·吐温的人生经历，他的作品及其它作者的作品进行比对后，作者得出了：马克·吐温比与他同时代的作家更反对种族主义。

答案A
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

I needed to buy a digital camera, one that was simply good at taking good snaps(快照), maybe occasionally for magazines. Being the cautious type, I fancied a reliable brand. So I went on the net, spent 15 minutes reading product reviews on good websites, wrote down the names of three top recommendations and headed for my nearest big friendly camera store. There in the cupboard was one of the cameras on my list. And it was on special offer. Oh joy. I poi nted at it and asked an assistant, “Can I have one of those?” He looked perturbed (不安). “Do you want to try it first?” he said. It didn’t quite sound like a question. “Do I need to? “ I replied. “There’s nothing wrong with it? “ This made him look a bit in sulted and I started to feel bad. “No, no, But you should try it,” he said encouragingly. “Compare it with the others.”
I looked across at the others: shelves of similar cameras placed along the wall, offering a wide range of slightly different prices and discounts, with each company selling a range of models based around the same basic box. With so many models to choose from, it seemed that I would have to spend hours weighing X against Y, always trying to take Z and possibly R into account at the same time. But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two certainties that I had entered the store with: first, soon after I carried my new camera out of the shop, it would be worth half what I paid for it; and second, my wonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model. But something in the human soul whispers that you can beat these traps by making the right choice, the clever choice, the wise choice. In the end, I agreed to try the model I had chosen. The assistant seemed a sincere man. So I let him take out my chosen camera from the cupboard, show how it took excellent pictures of my fellow shoppers. . . and when he started to introduce the special features, I interrupted to ask whether I needed to buy a carry-case and a memory card as well. Why do we think that new options (选择) still offer us anything new? Perhaps it is because they offer an opportunity to avoid facing the foot that our real choices in this culture are far more limited than we would like to imagine.
1. The shop assistant insisted that the writer should .
A. try the camera to see if there was anything wrong with it
B. compare the camera he had chosen with the others
C. get more information about different companies
D. trust him and stop asking questions
2. What does the writer mean by“it would be worth half what I paid for it” (Paragraph 2)?
A. He should get a 50% discount.
B. The price of the camera was unreasonably high.
C. The quality of the camera was not good.
D. The camera would soon fall in value.
3. The writer decided to try the model he had chosen because he .
A. knew very little about it
B. didn’t trust the shop assistant
C. wanted to make sure the one he chose would be the best
D. had a special interest in taking pictures of his fellow shoppers
4. It can be inferred from the passage that in the writer’s opinion, .
A. people waste too much money on cameras
B. cameras have become an important part of our daily life
C. we don’t actually need so many choices when buying a product
D. famous companies care more about profit than quality
【参考答案】1—4、 BDCC 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

59.The purpose of this passage is to___________________．
A. make your study more fun and efficient
B. introduce some apps used on gadgets
C advertise high-tech teaching ways
D. develop new application programs
【答案】B
【解析】写作意图题。

根据短文的内容可知这是介绍了一些应用程序，故选B。

60.Which app can save you from the research work in the library?
A. Evernote
B. Wikipanion
C. Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7Day
D. Smartphone
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。

根据Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore.现在，你不必再为了写论文，而前往图书馆或者任何一个提供上网服务的地方去做研究功课了。

Wikipanion维基百科阅读伴侣可以做到，故选B。

61.According to the passage, we can know that________．
A. the three apps all support audio and photo forms．
B. college study is undoubtedly full of ease and fun
C. college students used to do research workin the library or via computers
D. students can record lectures and send them to the cloud without permission
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。

根据Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just onyour smart phone or tabler.现在，你不必再为了写论文，而前往图书馆或者任何一个提供上网服务的地方去做研究功课了。

你可以直接在自己的智能手机或平板电脑进入（学术研究）的数据库。

可知过去的时候大学生搞研究必须在图书馆或者电脑旁，故选C。

62.Which of the following is true about the apps?
A. They can only be used on smart phones.
B. Evermote and Wikipanion Plus are free.
C. Evermote can merely be used on a computer.
D. They improve learning efficiency and pleasure.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。

根据which can make your study more fun and efficient .这些应用程序的使用能够提高学习效率并且很有乐趣，故选D。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very
little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
A .university researchers know little about the commercial world
B. there is little exchange between industry and academia
C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research
2. What was Hele n Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A. Flexible work hours.
B. Her research interests.
C .Her preference for the lifestyle on campus. D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.
3. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A. do financially more rewarding work
B. raise his status in
the academic world
C. enrich his experience in medical research
D. exploit better intellectual opportunities
4. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A. Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.
B. Develop its students’ potential in research.
C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D. Gear its research towards practical applications.
【参考答案】1—4、CBDA。