英语人教版新课标选修8U1同步单元测试题(4)及答案[ 高考]

2014英语人教版新课标选修8U1同步单元测试题（4）及答案
Unit 1 A land of diversity单元练测
建议用时满分实际用时得分错题档案90分钟120分
高考试一试-------单项选择题（15小题，15分）
1.青海省青海师范大学附属第二中学2013学年高二下学期第二次月考
It never _____ to me that such a naughty boy should become a minister later.
A. referred
B. happened
C. occurred
D. turned
2. 河北唐山一中13-14年高二第一次月考
The young man thought carefully for several days and decided to ______ the job offer.
A. lift up
B. take up
C. sweep up
D. set up
3. 山东省济宁市汶上一中2013-2014学年高二10月月考试题
With all of the things________, the manager went to America for sightseeing.
A. dealing with
B. to deal with
C. dealt with
D. deal with
4. 山东省济宁市汶上一中2013-2014学年高二10月月考试题
Not until I began to work _______ how much time I had wasted
A. didn't I realize
B. did I realize
C. I didn't realize
D. I realized
5. 山东省济宁市汶上一中2013-2014学年高二10月月考试题
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable..
A.which price
B.its price
C.the price of which
D.the price of whose
6. 福建省晋江市侨声中学2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次教与学检测试题
They required that the work _______ as soon as possible.
A. be finished
B. will be finished
C. should finish
D. is finished
7. 2013年秋季湖北省监利一中第一次月考高二英语
With the world economic crisis worsening, people _______ the bill by the government for more unemployment benefits
A. apply for
B. go for
C. appeal to
D. approve of
8. 江西省南昌市八一中学、洪都中学、麻丘中学、教院附中2013-2014学年高二上学期期中
考试
These village cottages ______ paying guests during the summer vacation
A. take in
B. take up
C. take over
D. take off
9. 江西省南昌市八一中学、洪都中学、麻丘中学、教院附中2013-2014学年高二上学期期中
考试
______ I toured Lushan Mountain, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
A. The first time
B. For the first time
C. At first
D. It was the first time
10. 福建省德化一中2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考试题
. -- Do many people live in the desert?
--_________. There are people who work in the mines, of course. But most Australians live on the coast.
A. Not likely
B. Not really
C. Not necessarily
D. Not nearly
11. 河北省唐山一中2013-2014学年高二上学期期中考试试题
______ houses were knocked in the earthquake.
A. A great many of
B. The number of
C. A great number of
D. Amounts of
12. 山东省济宁市鱼台一中2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考试题
It's a rule for all the students to _____ their places ahead of 5 minutes waiting for the class to be started.
A．take up B．pick up C．keep up D．give up
13. 山东省济宁市鱼台一中2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考试题
People like to make friends with ______ shares their interests.
A. whom
B. whomever
C. whoever
D. who
14. 浙江省乐清市第二中学2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考试题
It’s based on the idea ______ all people are created equal, ______ is accepted by most people.
A. that; that
B. which; which
C. which; when
D. that; which
15. 辽宁省锦州市锦州中学2013-2014学年高二上学期第一次月考试题
---Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
---It all depends on______we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation（合作）.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. if
【参考答案】单项选择
1—15、CBCBC ADAAB CCCDC
Ⅰ.单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. Teaching ________ child to cook will improve many of the skills that he or she will need later in
________ life.
A. /;the
B. a;/
C. a; the
D. the; a
2. ________ some students prefer to go to Hong Kong University at their own expenses ________
that higher education is more popular.
A. Which; means
B. Which; to mean
C. That; means
D. Whether; meaning
3. My brother is really . He often works in his office far into the night.
A. open-minded
B. hard-working
C. self-confident
D. warm-hearted
4. I hate ________ when young people speak to the elderly in such a rude way.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
5. Word comes that free souvenirs will be given to ________ comes first.
A. no matter whom
B. whomever
C. no matter who
D. whoever
6. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s ________ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. what
7. It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine.________, we’d better take it to the
garage immediately.
A. Otherwise
B. If not
C. But for that
D. If so
8. Writers can express their thought _______ words while singers by their voice and painters with
their brushes.
A. by means of
B. in this way
C. in no way
D. by no means
9. Whether a boy can _______ others indicates his ability and character.
A. team up with
B. get on
C. work together
D. make out
10. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ________ spoken in
England.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. the one
11. My parents ________ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere
else.
A. live
B. lived
C. were living
D. will live
12. I couldn’t _______ the lecture at all. It was too difficult for me.
A. take in
B. mark out
C. deal with
D. help out
13. A company may advertise its products ________ newspapers，magazines，television，the
Internet and other media.
A. as a result of
B. by means of
C. thanks to
D. according to
14. Mr Smith has a good sense of humor and yo u’ll surely enjoy ________ him.
A. teaming up with
B. keeping up with
C. putting up with
D. catching up with
15. Come on. There’s room for one more ________ .
A. piece of luggage
B. luggage
C. pieces of luggage
D. luggages
Ⅱ.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 16 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 17 than we realize. In fact, non- verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really 18 . And body language is particularly 19 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 20 a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 21 , different societies treat the 22 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 23 contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with 24 . People from Latin American countries, 25 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it’s p ossible that in 26 , it may look like a Latino is 27 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 28 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 29 —which the Latino will in return regard as 30 .
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 31 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 32 cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 33 . But whatever the situation, the best 34 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 35 .
16. A. straighter B. louder
C. harder
D. further
17. A. sounds B. invitations
C. feelings
D. messages
18. A. hope B. receive
C. discover
D. mean
19. A. immediate B. misleading
C. important
D. difficult
20. A. well B. far
C. much
D. long
21. A. For example B. Thus
C. However
D. In short
22. A. trade B. distance
C. connections
D. greetings
23. A. eye B. verbal
C. bodily
D. telephone
24. A. strangers B. relatives
C. neighbours
D. enemies
25. A. in other words B. on the other hand
C. in a similar way
D. by all means
26. A. trouble B. conversation
C. silence
D. experiment
27. A. disturbing B. helping
C. guiding
D. following
28. A. closer B. faster
C. in
D. away
29. A. stepping forward B. going on
C. backing away
D. coming out
30. A. weakness B. carelessness
C. friendliness
D. coldness
31. A. talk B. travel
C. laugh
D. think
32. A. different B. European
C. Latino
D. rich
33. A. curiosity B. excitement
C. misunderstanding
D. nervousness
34. A. chance B. time
C. result
D. advice
35. A. noticed B. treated
C. respected
D. Pleased
Ⅲ.阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception (感知能力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and there people were asked to identify the larger one.
Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here's where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles—making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles—so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren't fooled—they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before.
Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most o f the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In order words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they're more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
36.Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate ________.
A. children's and adults' eye-sight
B. people's ability to see accurately
C. children's and adults' brains
D. the influence of people's age
37.When asked to find the larger circle，________.
A. children at 6 got it wrong 79% of the time with no gray ones around
B. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around
C. children at 4 got it right about 79% of the time with two circles alone on a white
background
D. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
38.According to the passage, we can know that ________.
A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background
B. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
39. Visual context may work when children get older than ________.
A. 4
B. 6
C. 10
D. 18
40. Why are younger children not fooled?
A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.
B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.
C. Because people's eyes become weaker as they grow older.
D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
B
Why play games？Because they are fun，and a lot more besides. Following the rules...planning your next move...acting as a team member...these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives，such as taking turns and cooperating (合作).
Many children's games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance，some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games，bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country，not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war，an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette lribarne, a Californian soccer player，has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport，think about why you enjoy it，what skills are needed，and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.
41.Through playing hide-and-seek，children are expected to learn to________.
A. be a team leader
B. obey the basic rules
C. act as a grown-up
D. predict possible danger
42.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.
A. describe life in an exciting way
B. turn real-life experiences into a play
C. make learning life skills more interesting
D. change people's views of sporting events
43. According to the passage，why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?
A. It inspires people's deep love for the country.
B. It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.
C. It helps the country out of natural disasters.
D. It earns the winners fame and fortune.
44. Iribarne's goal of forming the foundation is to________.
A. bring fun to poor kids
B. provide soccer balls for children
C. give poor kids a chance for a better life
D. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids
45. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Games benefit people all their lives.
B. Sports can get all athletes together.
C. People are advised to play games for fun.
D. Sports increase a country's competitiveness.
C
The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1, 400 to 900.
Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. What a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip-mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Some people realized that they
had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately ＄433, 600, 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
46. What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To seek help for Nauru’s problems.
B. To give a warning to other countries.
C. To show the importance of money.
D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
47. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
A. Rich and powerful.
B. Modern and open.
C. Peaceful and attractive.
D. Greedy and aggressive.
48. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from .
A. soil pollution
B. phosphate overmining
C. farming activity
D. whale hunting
49. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem?
A. Its leaders misused the money.
B. It spent too much repairing the island.
C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.
D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
50. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?
A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B. T he leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.
C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.
D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Kid s’ health: Four steps for fighting stress
Everybody gets stressed from time to time. 51 Some wa ys of dealing with stress—like screaming or hitting someone—don’t solve (解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:
（1）Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 52 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
（2）Don’t take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that’s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don’t take it out on yourself. 53
（3）Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends,
it’s time to get down to business. 54 Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
（4）Be positive. Most stress is temporary（暂时的）. Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren’t magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you’ll help yourself feel better even faster. 55
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.
B. Notice your friends’ feelings and find a way to help them.
C. Different people feel stress in different ways.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don’t forget about your friends.
G. Then, find a way to calm down.
Ⅳ.阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文并回答问题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。

［1］Stamp collectors usually collect stamps only from certain countries or regions. The traditional method of stamp collecting is to organize stamp collection according to the issue dates.
［2］Of course, there are many ___________ . You can collect stamps relating to a particular theme. For example, sport lovers may choose the Olympic theme. They try their best to find Olympic stamps issued by various parts of the world every four years. Some of them may want to concentrate on even more specific sport activities like ball games, gymnasium, swimming, etc.
［3］If you like astronomy, you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars, planets, spacecraft, spacemen, etc. Once you have fixed the topic, you no longer need to bother about stamps other than the theme you selected. Then, you can put all your effort to collect the stamps around it.
［4］China issues zodiac animal stamps （十二生肖邮票）every year to celebrate the Lunar New Year. They are extremely popular and a lot of collectors wait patiently for 12 years to collect
a full set of them. Hong Kong’s Lunar New Year special stamp series began in 2000 with the Year
of Dragon and the twelfth and final set was issued in 2011, the Year of Rabbit. Recently some Western countries have issued zodiac animal stamps, which attract a lot of attention as well.
［5］You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. The topic you choose should not be too narrow. Otherwise, it is very difficult to accu- mulate stamps around the topic. You will be depressed and even lose your interest in collecting stamps.
［6］Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. The main challenge is how you organize and expand your collection around your theme.
56. What is the main idea of the passage?（no more than 5 words）
57. Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 2 with proper words.（no more than 5 words）
Of course, there are many .
58. What should you do if you want to collect a full set of zodiac animal stamps?（no more than
7 words）
59. List the three general themes in collecting stamps mentioned in the passage.（3 words）
60. What does the word “them”(Paragraph 6) probably refer to?（1 word）
Ⅴ.书面表达（满分30分）
假如你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机(cell)和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。

请你以“Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web?”为题，写一篇英语短文。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
答案与解析
Ⅰ. 1. B 句意：教孩子烹饪将会提高他/她在未来生活中所需要的许多技能。

名词的单数或复数都可指代一类。

life前不加冠词表抽象。

2. C 句意：有的学生宁愿自费上香港大学，这意味着高等教育更受欢迎。

that引导一个主
语从句，在从句中不作任何成分；句子作主语时，其谓语动词应用第三人称单数。

3. B open-minded思想开明的；hard-working努力工作的；self-confident自信的；
warm-hearted热心的。

由题意可知选B。

4. C 句意：我不喜欢年轻人用如此粗鲁的方式对老年人说话。

it指代“young people speak
to the elderly in such a rude way”一事。

表示喜欢或不喜欢的动词如：like, hate, enjoy 等，常与it连用，再接从句。

5. D 句意：传来消息，纪念品将免费送给最先来的人。

whoever comes first“凡是最先来
的人”，whoever=anyone who。

6. A 考查表语从句。

空格所在句句意：那就是我不同意的地方。

agree是不及物动词，所
以用where, 表示“……的地方”。

7. D 句意：听起来好像汽车的发动机出了故障。

如果这样的话，我们最好马上把它开到汽
车修理厂（修理一下）。

otherwise否则，要不然；if not 如果不是这样的话；but for that 要不是那样。

以上三项均不符合句意和语境。

if so “如果这样的话”，符合句意和语境。

if so相当于if something is wrong with the car’s engine。

8. A 句意：作家用词句，而歌唱家用嗓音，画家用画笔来表达思想。

by means of“用；依
靠”；in this way“通过这种方法”；in no way“决不”；by no means“决不”。

9.A 句意：一个男孩子能否和他人合作表明他的能力和性格。

固定短语team up with, get on
with和work together with都是“与……合作”的意思。

但B项和C项均缺少with。

10.C 本题中spoken in the United States和spoken in England作的是定语，分别修饰the English
和所填单词，故用代词that来代替the English；the one不可替代不可数名词。

11.A 由第二句中的...have never lived anywhere else.可知，空格处应用一般现在时表示状态。

12.A take in理解，明白。

13.B 句意：一个公司可能会通过报纸、杂志、电视、因特网和其他媒体来为自己的产品做广
告。

14.A team up with与……合作；keep up with跟上，赶上；put up with容忍，忍受；catch up
with跟上。

15.A luggage是不可数名词，用a piece of修饰；one more后要用单数名词。

Ⅱ.16. B 由首句“肢体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有威力的语言！”可知，本句应表示“肢体语言比语言更有说服力”，所以本题选择louder。

17. D 我们的肢体发出多于我们可以想象到的信息。

身体发出的是message“信息”，而
不是sound。

sound泛指自然界一切声音；invitation邀请；feeling感情，感受。

18. D 事实上，非言语交际占据了我们想表达的大约50%。

mean意思是，意味着。

19. C 根据下文论述，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要，故选important“重要的”。

immediate“立刻的”, 表示动作的直接性和迅速性；misleading“误导的”；difficult“困难的”。

20. C 肢体语言几乎已经成为我们的组成部分，以致常常被忽视。

此处实际上是对“so much
a(n)+名词”的用法的考查。

四个选项中有此用法的只有much。

21. A 下文是举例，故选For example“例如”。

thus因此；however然而；in short简而言
之。

22. B 不同的社会对人们之间的距离有不同认识。

空格后面的北欧人和拉丁美洲人等的例子
都与distance“距离”有关。

23. C 北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触，故选bodily“身体的”，25空后面的touch each other
是提示。

24. A 北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说陌生人了。

enemy虽然与friend相对，
但此处是说不同国度文化的差异，并不是敌我的分歧。

25. B 由上文可知，此处表示语意上的转折，故选on the other hand“另一方面”，本句讲
到拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触。

in other words换句话说；in a similar way用相似的方法；by all means当然可以。

26. B trouble麻烦；conversation谈话，交谈；silence 寂静，沉默；experiment实验。

in
conversation在交谈中，在会话中。

27. D 在交谈中，北欧人不喜欢肢体接触，拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，所以我们看到的很可
能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人移动，故选following“跟随”。

28. A 拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，为了表示友好，会离挪威人越来越近，故选closer（更近
地）。

29. C 挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，故选backing away后退。

step forward前进；
go on 继续；come out出版，发芽。

30. D 挪威人的后退反过来会让拉丁美洲人觉得是冷漠。

weakness虚弱；carelessness粗心；
friendliness友谊；coldness冷漠。

31. A 选项中的talk（交谈）与26空的conversation相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的body
language。

32. A different不同的；European 欧洲的；Latino拉丁美洲的；rich富裕的。

different cultures
不同的文化。

33. C 当来自不同文化的人聚会时，有可能会出现误解，故选misunderstanding“误会，误
解”。

curiosity好奇心；excitement 兴奋；nervousness紧张。

34. D 此处是对避免误解而提出建议，故选advice“建议”。

chance机会；time时间，次数，
倍数；res ult结果。

[来源:]
35.B 你希望怎样被对待，那你就那样对待别人，B选项与前面的treat others相呼应，一个
是主动形式，一个是被动形式(to be treated)。

Ⅲ. 36. B 细节理解题。

结合第一段和第二段第二句可知，进行这项实验的目的就是检验人们视觉观察的准确性。

故选B项。

37. C 细节理解题。

第三段明确说明了辨别圆圈的正确率，C项正确；由第五段最后两句话
可排除B、D两项；A项未提及。

38. D 细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句可知。

39. B 推理判断题。

第五段提到4至6岁的孩子辨别效果很好，但6岁以上的孩子辨别能力
受到影响。

结合第六段第一句可推出答案，即6岁以上的孩子能够识别视觉背景，视觉背景对他们起作用了。

40. D 推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段可知，随着小孩的成长，他们对图片的整体认知能力
的提高导致他们陷入视觉错觉。

反之，可推出年幼的孩子这种整体认知能力的缺乏正是他们没有被迷惑的原因，他们还没有辨别视觉背景的能力。

故选D项。

41. B 细节理解题。

根据短文第二段第三句话可知，捉迷藏游戏能够教会孩子们在今后的人
生中应该遵循的一些基本规则。

42. B 句意理解题。

诸如捉迷藏之类的游戏能够把生活变成令人兴奋的戏剧。

由此可知B项
正确。

43. A 推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段第一句话可知，奥运会能激励人们的民族自豪感。

由此
可知，它能够激发人民热爱祖国。

44. C 细节理解题。

根据短文倒数第二段内容可知。

45. A 推理判断题。

综观整篇短文，我们知道通过游戏，人们可以学会一些终生受益的技巧
以及团结合作的精神。

46. B 作者意图题。

通读全文不难看出，作者通过讲述瑙鲁外来驻民无节制地开采磷酸盐而
使其成为一个不可修复的生态灾难区这一令人心碎的故事来警示人们不应破坏生态平衡，而应与自然和谐相处，故B项正确，文章最后两句也有暗示。

A项表示“为瑙鲁出现的问题寻求帮助”；C项表示“为了表明钱的重要性”；D项表示“为了讲一个令人心碎的战争故事”，这三项都不是作者写本文的意图。

47. C 细节理解题。

由第一段第一句中的“. . . used to be a beautiful place.”可知瑙鲁曾经
是很迷人的；由第二段中的“. . . lived on the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization. ”可知瑙鲁是一个地处偏远，远离西方文明的岛国，故应当是很静谧的，由此知选C项。

A项表示“富庶且强大的”；B项表示“现代且开放的”；D项表示“贪婪且好斗的”，这三项均不符合文章的细节。

48. B 细节推断题。

文章从第四段到最后一段就是讲述了瑙鲁外来驻民对磷酸盐的过度开
采，从而导致这个岛遭受了毁灭性的破坏，故B项正确。

A项表示“土壤污染”；C项表示“农耕活动”；D项表示“捕鲸”，这三项文章中都未提及，属无中生有。

49. A 细节理解题。

由最后一段的前两句“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money
unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”以及下句中的“their phosphate was running out”可知，瑙鲁的财政问题是由磷酸矿枯竭及领导人滥用金钱造成的，故A项为其中的一个原因。

B项表示“修复岛屿花了太多的钱”。

文中提到修复岛屿需要＄433，600，000 and more than 20 years，但这将可能是不会实现的，故B项与文章的细节不符；C项表示“开采磷酸盐矿花钱太
多”；D项表示“瑙鲁在内战中丧失了上百万美元”，这两项文中均未提及。

50. A 推理判断题。

由文章最后一段最后两句“Experts say that it would take. . . to repair the
island. This will probably never happen. ”可推断出瑙鲁的生态破坏是很难修复的了，故A 项正确。

B项表示“领导人会认真对待专家们的话”，从最后一句可以看出这是不可能的；
C项表示“这个岛屿被瑙鲁人遗弃了”，从最后一段推断不出这一结论；D项表示“磷酸盐矿被毁坏了”，这一项属于没有根据的推测。

51 ~ 55 CFAED
Ⅳ. 56. Collecting stamps with themes.
57. other methods of collecting stamps
58. We should wait for 12 years.
59. sport(s) ; astronomy; animal(s)
60. Teenagers.
Ⅴ.One possible version:
Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web?
We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them. However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and there’re too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere. As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.。