《地铁毕业论文地铁车辆空调系统维护保养与故障处理》

《地铁毕业论文地铁车辆空调系统维护保养与故障处理》地铁车辆空调系统维护保养与故障处理摘要：通过对城轨交通车辆空调系统
的学习了解，结合广州地铁、深圳地铁、上海地铁运营实际情况，地铁车辆运营环境,车辆制造工艺和电器控制要求合理选择地铁车辆空调系统的类型，选择空调系统的压缩机。

也结合铁路客车空调相关知识，系统的分析地铁车辆空调系统的作用、结构和原理。

根据实际运营中地铁车辆空调日常检修需求进行地铁车辆空调维护保养介绍其故障分析、日常维护、停机维护保养、临修等知识。

重点介绍空气制冷压缩机的工作原理、工作过程以及实际应用选择，故障分析、处理以及设计方案和车辆通风。

简单介绍城市轨道交通空调系统的性能测试、调试、密封性试验和充灌制冷剂试验等。

对设计提出处理方法.掌握相关的技能知识。

关键词:压缩机日常维护故障分析性能测试
一(地铁车辆空调制冷装置作用、分类和组成
1.地铁车辆空调与制冷装置的作用
空调与制冷装置被广泛应用于地铁车辆上，车辆客室内的空气调节已经成为车辆舒适乘车环境的标志。

Opinions and suggestions on the party’s mass line educationa l practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment，according to municipal Party committee ”about carrying out the party’s mass line educational practice activity in the city’s implementation opinions，the spirit of the party’s mass line educational practice activities from 20*＊ in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations。

According to my
actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight， the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance， conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really， opinions and
advice 〉〈〈 >，〈 party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements， step method， in accordance with the "" look in the mirror， dress up, wash bath， cure treatment, the general requirements of "for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme， in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang， improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots， promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and < The opposition party and government austerity waste r egulations ”，” double section ”provincial regulations，municipal provisions of the” twelve ”plan and the implementation measures for < on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law， highlight style
building， carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind，
the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level。

Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit
is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs，enterprises and institutions directly under the township， street， and community, village, non-public economic organizations， social organizations and other grass—roots organizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit， follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step。

To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units， service industry， educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns， streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen， and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the party's education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude， adhere to
positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic， more emphasis on leadership, pay more
attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door， the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification
guidance. Orderly， pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection， really supervision practice， ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the county’s education practice is to seize against "four wind” this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County， township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds， the disadvantages of the style， scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul， cleaning greatly。

At the same time， respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems， solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury， extravagance and waste fees， privileges and other issues，timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the
style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots， real let group Benefit the public.(a） focus on solving
the ”four winds" outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements， the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play， to engage in "image project”, "political project”, a leadership guide, a set of ideas， orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county。

The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag， buck passing skin, work is not implemented， the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision
departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult， and arbitrary charges, fines，levies， and breach of privilege， chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit。

（three） vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness， awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength。

Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique， market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs， to enhance the competitive strength， walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics， the pursuit of stability and development of the market。

(four) to promote the integration of resources。

To further broaden their horizons， effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust， mutual benefit, seeking win—win principle， in the framework of national policies and regulations，
strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation， examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities，attract injection the social investment to the industry group， to achieve leveraging the development， ensure that the value of state-owned assets。

（five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres
and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition，the sense of urgency， improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market。

At the same time， according to the need of industrial development， vigorously the introduction of high—quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team， hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure， age structure，structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition。

(six)
seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy， especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy， and actively seek policy， projects and funds， enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development。

车辆空调与制冷装置的作用是将一定量的车外新鲜空气和车内再循环空气混合,进过滤、冷却加热、减湿或加湿等处理后，以一定的流速送入车内，并将车内一定的污浊空气排出车外，从而控制客室内温度、湿度、风速、清洁度及噪声，并使之达到规定标准,以提高车内的舒适性，改善乘车环境。

2。

地铁车辆空调与制冷装置的分类
地铁车辆空调与制冷装置按制冷压缩机的工作方式分为：活塞式、螺杆式、涡杆式和离心式;按安装方式分为：分装式和单元式;按客车空调供电方式分为:本车供电和集中式供电；还可以按使用制剂或其他特殊结构进行分类.
在城市轨道交通车辆空调系统的空调单元中，大多才用封闭式压缩机而选的最多的是螺杆式空调压缩机和蜗旋式空气压缩机两种。

3.地铁车辆空调与制冷装置的组成
地铁车辆空调与制冷装置一般具备通风、制冷、加温、加湿等功能，典型的地铁车辆制冷装置由通风系统和空气冷却系统、空气加湿系统、空气加热系统以及自动控制系统组成。

由于我国地理环境的特殊南北差异较大,所以在长江以南的城市都不采用空气加温系统和空气加热系统。

下面以通风系统，空气冷却系统，自动控制系统加以简单叙述.
Opinions and suggestions on the party’s mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee "about carrying out the party’s mass line educational practice activity in the city’s implementation opinions，the spirit of the party’s mass line educational practice activities from 20＊* in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations。

According to my actual County， the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight， the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance， conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech，earnestly implement the Central Committee really， opinions and advice > 〈 < 〉， < party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to
determine the objectives and requirements， step method, in accordance with the "" look in the mirror, dress up， wash bath， cure treatment, the general requirements of "for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people， the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts， to further implement the central eight regulations and 〈 The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations "，” double
section ”provincial regulations， municipal provisions of the"
twelve ”plan and the implementation measures f or < on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law， highlight style
building， carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems，Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding， to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close， honest and pragmatic people honest image to
further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level。

Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non—public economic organizations， social
organizations and other grass—roots organizations. Agencies and branches， each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry， educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the party’s education。

Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to
positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration， more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly，pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven， more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality。

Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the county's education practice is to seize against "four wind” this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style，scale behavior to a large scale investigation， overhaul， cleaning
greatly。

At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems， solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card， Yong lazy luxury， extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a）focus on solving the "four winds” outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in ”image project”, ”political project"， a leadership guide, a set of ideas， orders and prohibitions, and a policy， there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag， buck passing skin, work is not implemented，
the service is not active。

The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units， service industry mainly solve the door hard， ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township， street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road， the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit。

（three）vigorously promote the brand。

To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand， brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength。

Concentrated manpower， careful
planning， packaging and publicity of a number of unique， market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs， to enhance the competitive strength， walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics， the pursuit of stability and development of the market。

（four) to promote the integration of resources。

To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group， the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations， strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation，examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities， attract injection the social investment to the industry group， to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets。

（five） to strengthen the construction management personnel。

Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business， firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition， the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition， improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development，vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel， and strive to build a high-quality professional management team， hard work， and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability， enhance
core competitiveness， adapt to the need of market competition。

(six）seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy， especially the policy of industrial development， financial investment policy， financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds， enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.
通风系统的作业是将车外新鲜空气吸入并与车内再循环空气混合,在滤清灰尘和杂质后,在亚送分配到车内，同时排出车内多余的污浊空气，以保证车内空气的清洁度以及合理的流动速度和气流组织。

通风系统一般由通风机组、过滤器、新风口、送分道、回风口、回风道以及排废弃口等组成。

空气冷却系统的作用是对车内的空气进行降温、减湿处理，使车内空气的温度与相对湿度保持在规定范围之内。

冷却系统工作时，蒸发器将要送入车内的空气冷却，由于蒸发器表面的温度低于空气的露点温度，空气中的部分水蒸气就会凝结成水滴，形成我们通常所说的“空调水”。

因此,空气在通过蒸发器冷却的同时也得到了减湿处理。

为保证冷却系统安全、有效地工作，制冷系统除压缩机、蒸发器、冷凝器、节流装置四大件外,还配有贮液器、干燥过滤器、分液过滤器、气液分离器等辅助设备。

自动控制系统的作业是控制各功能系统按给定的方按协调、有序地工作，以使车内的空气参数控制在规定的范围内，并同时对空调与制冷装置起自动保护作用，电气控制系统一般由各设备的控制器、保护元件以及相关仪表和电路等组成二（地铁车辆空气调节系统
1.地铁车辆制冷
随着我国经济的快速发展，人们生活质量的逐步提高,出门旅行的人数越来越多，人们对乘坐交通工具的舒适性要求也越来越高。

为Opinions and
suggestions on the party's mass line educational practiceAccording to
the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee ”about carrying out the party's mass line educational practice activity in the city’s implementation opinions，
the spirit of the party's mass line educational practice activities from 20＊* in January to 99 months， carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County， the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First， the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance， conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice > 〈〈 >, < party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements， step method， in accordance with the ”” look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of ”for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme， in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style， service to the masses of the people, the foundation
of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and < The opposition
party and government austerity waste regulations ”，” double
section ”provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the"
twelve ”plan and the implementation measures for 〈 on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building，carry out the whole wind spirit， resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy， hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems，Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong，the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding， to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level。

Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction。

In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township， street， and community， village, non-public economic organizations， social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches， each single unit， follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step。

To adhere to the county leadership， leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry， educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages， community
education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the party's education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group， adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds， solve the problem， pay more attention to open the door， the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality。

Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the county's education pr actice is to seize against ”four wind" this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style，scale behavior to a large scale investigation， overhaul， cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems， solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective， without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the
public.（a） focus on solvin g the "four winds” outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements， the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct， do not dare to play, to engage in ”image project"，”political project"， a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county。

The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin， work is not implemented，
the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units， service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines， levies, and breach of privilege， chinakayao, not the problem of law。

The township， street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.（three) vigorously promote the brand。

To establish brand awareness， awareness of the use of brand， brand value， brand acquisition performance，enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning， packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand， the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength， walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market。

（four） to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group， the city resources， other
industries and regional resources， mutual trust， mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations， strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities， attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development， ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five） to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of
the market， enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market
competition， the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market。

At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high—quality professional management team， hard work， and promote the entire workforce knowledge
structure， age structure， structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market
competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious
research about social support the development of cultural undertakings
in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy， financial policy and tax policy， and actively seek policy， projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development。

了满足广大旅客的需要，无论是长途旅客列车，还是近程的交通车辆，都把车辆客室的空调作为提高旅客舒适度、改善乘车环境的主要手段。

从技术角度来看，车辆的空气调节是车辆的一项及其关键的技术之一，是现代轨道交通车辆先进技术的重要体现. 1.1 地铁车辆空调制冷系统主要由冷凝器。

蒸发器、制冷压缩机、膨胀阀、电磁换向阀、过滤器、制冷剂组成。

如图:
图2—1制冷系统原理图
Opinions and suggestions on the party's mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee ”about carrying out the party’s mass line educational practice activity in the city's implementation opinions, the spirit of the party’s mass line
educational practice activities from 20** in January to 99 months，carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass—roots party organizations。

According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions。

First， the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight， the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance， conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really， opinions and
advice 〉 < 〈〉, 〈 party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements， step method， in accordance with the "” look in the mirror, dress up， wash bath， cure treatment，the general requirements of ”for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme， in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang， improve their work style， service to the masses of the people， the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts， to further implement the central eight regulations and 〈 The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations "," double section "provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the" twelve ”plan and the implementation measures for 〈 on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building， carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism， bureaucracy， hedonism and wasteful extravagance to。