中考英语主动语态变被动语态复习课件

Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
．We have built many schools so far．
Many schools have been built by us so far. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词
He was mending his comuters at that time．
His computers were being mended (by him) at that time. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词
Tom is watering the flowers now．
The flowers are being watered by Tom now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
5．I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night．
3.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
Tom will clean the room tomorrow.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
这个辅音字母，再加-ed， planned tripped 4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i” ， 再
加-ed ， study---studied， carry---carried
不规则的过去分词要牢记
sing----sang----sung
build----built----built
4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者。 许多房屋被冲走了。 Many houses were washed away by the flood.
（The Passive Voice)
一般现在时被动语态的构成： 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
动词过去分词的构成规则（与动词过去式构成规则一样）： 1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，looked played 2、结尾是e的动词加-d ， lived used 3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写
学习目标
1.掌握被动语态的用法 2.掌握如何将主动语态变成 被动语态
一。语态分类 ①英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish.
（主动语态）猫吃鱼。
Fish is eaten by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。
②被动语态的构成
He washes clothes every day. 主 谓 宾(受动者)
Clothes are washed by him every day.
His brother washes bowls every day.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed by his brother every day.
“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs thought .
“They must be put in the fridge.”The dogs thought.
含情态动词的被动语态构成： 情态动词（can/may/must/should）+be+及物动词过去分词
[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。 且be动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句子是 一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。
②如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作 介词 by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。
归纳总结方法
把主动语态改为被动语态可按“ 来进行。即：
主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构； 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by引出，当不强调动
作的执行者时，常省略。
e.g many people
speak
English.
English is spoken by many people.
写出下列动词的过去式，过去分词：
1、speak （
）
2、use （
）
3、make （
）
4、write （
）
5、grow (
)
6、plant （
）
7、produce （
）
8、ask （
）
9、plan （
）
10、send （
）
11 、 build （
）
12、invite （
）
不规则动词的过去分词要牢记
Some books were borrowed
( by us )
主语+谓语动词过去式的被动语态 + 介词+ 宾语
Tom invented this pen last year．
This pen was invented by Tom last year
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
Silly will planted trees tomorrow.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The trees will be plsnted by S are painting the rooms now．
Tom was cleaning the blackboard this time yesterday.
The blackboard was being cleaned (by Tom) this time yesterday. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词
6．We have made twenty more keys．
e.g 1、This bike can be repaired. 2、The tree must be put straight in the hole. 3、The classroom should be cleaned every day.
把下列主动句变被动句： 1、We should plant the trees around the lake
Their mistakes should be corrected . 4、We must water the trees well.
The trees must be watered well.
在被动语态中要注意的问题
一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词(see, hearwatch,notice等)在 主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，要补上to。 如：
A. The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.
2. They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去 分词
主动句与被动句之间的转换
We
borrowed
some books.
主语 + 谓语动词过去式的主动语态 + 宾语
．I have finished my homework so far．
My homework has been finished by us so far. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词
7．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
We are cleaning the classroom now．
Classroom is being cleaned by us now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词
主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：
• We clean our classroom every day.
主语 谓语
宾语
Our classroom is cleaned by us every day 结构：主动语态：主语＋谓语＋宾语
被动语态：主语 be +过去分词 by+宾语
即:、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。” (注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语)
由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
什么时候要用被动语态呢？
在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： ①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。 ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态 @句子的主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的用法
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。
这块手表是中国制造的。 This watch is made in China.
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者 每年都应该种更多的树。 Many trees should be planted every year.
3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.
sing----sang----sung build----built----built 请写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：
1、speak spoke spoken
2、use used used
3、make made made
4、write wrote written
5、grow grew grown
②He washed his shoes yesterday.
His shoes were washed by him yesterday.
照表
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词
6、plant planted planted
7、produce produced produced 8、ask asked asked
9、plan planned planned
10、send sent sent
11 、 build built
built
12、invite invited invited
The trees should be planted around the lake . 2、We must repair the computer now .
The computer must be repaired now . 3、Students should correct their mistakes .
He can carry the basket easily. The basket can be easily carried by him.
They can sing some beautiful songs. Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
、 一、 变 ”二套 三注意
①变－－－把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主
动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。
②套－－－根据原句的时态套用相应时态。
③注意－－注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。
例：①Many people speak English.
English is spoken
by many people.