2021年澧县一中高三英语第四次联考试题及答案

2021年澧县一中高三英语第四次联考试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
The Fall 2020 Cookbooks Worth Your Time (and Money)
Be My Guest
From Priya Basil, this book is a self-reflection on how food and the act of serving it are used to express love and support. Basil reflects on some of her earliest memories of food and how it affected her upbringing and relationship with her parents. Now a parent herself, she centers food in her book's exploration of that change of identity.
East
From Guardian columnist Meera Sodha comes a cookbook centered on vegetables. The book features recipes that cover a variety of Asian cuisines. Sodha showcases the diversity of vegetarian cooking with dishes like eggplant larb mushroom bao, Singapore noodles and so much more.
I Cook in Color
A follow-up from her first cookbook My Two Souths, Asha Gomez focuses on the rainbow of vegetables to create desserts and cross-cultural dishes that associate cooking traditions of her mother's Keralite kitchen and Gomez's travel experiences.
Time to Eat
If you're a fan of The Great British Baking Show and Nadiya Hussain's Netflix series, you'll be just as excited for the American release of this book of time-saving tips for home cooks on a budget. It's a book to go to for inspiration that doesn't involve countless hours of sweating over a hot stove.
1.What can we learn about the author ofBe My Guest?
A.She had a bad relationship with her parents.
B.She began to cook food in her early childhood.
C.She considers food a means of expressing affection.
D.She explores in the book how to be a grandparent.
2.What do theEastandI Cook in Colorhave in common?
A.They offer recipes about Asian cuisines.
B.They center on cooking vegetables.
C.They are the author's first cookbooks.
D.They are based on the author's travel experiences.
3.Which book can you refer toif you just have limited time for cooking?
A.Be My Guest.
B.East.
C.I Cook in Color.
D.Time to Eat.
B
The relationship between humans and the Amazon Rainforest has not always been a harmonious one. However, recent research suggests that the native peoples ofthe Putumayo region helped to protect the rainforest, leaving it unchanged for 5,000 years. Perhaps humans’ coexisting with nature is possible after all.
The study, published in PNAS, looked at soil samples in the Putumayo region of the Amazon in Peru to find how humans influenced the land. The researchers found that the trees still growing in the region today have been growing there for the last 5,000 years — evidence that the area has not been home to cities and farmland in that time. Traces of charcoal(木炭) found in the, soil, however, indicate that people did live there; they just did so in a way that had minimum influence on their environment.
To come to these conclusions the team dug a 0.6-0.9 meter deep column into the ground, taking samples of soilfrom different heights along the column. Back in the lab, samples were carbon- dated to determine their age and then sorted under a microscope to look for microscopic mineral particles, known as phytoliths (植硅体). Phytoliths are essential evidence of plants— they remained in the soil thousands of years after the plant died. So researchers can use them to tell which plants have grown in an area in the past.
Over 5,000 years’ worth of samples, no species loss was detected. These findings suggest that contrary to common belief, the Amazon is not untouched by humans, but rather has been protected by them for thousands of years. The management of the rainforest by native peoples appears to have been vital in preserving its biodiversity and will continue to be important in the fight to prevent it from acollapse.
As Nigel Pitman, a co-author on the paper, said: “Since this particular forest is still being protected by native peoples, I hope this study reminds us all how important it is to support their work.”
4. How did native peoples deal with the rainforest in the region of Putumayo?
A. They always destroyed the rainforest.
B. They had a side effect on the rainforest.
C. They never lived in the area of the forest.
D. They had been in harmony with the forest.
5. What did the researchers try to find in the Amazon forest in Peru?
A. The diversity of the plants in the rainforest.
B. The evidence of human influence on the forest.
C. The nutrition of the soil samples in the rainforest.
D. The survival age of growing trees in the rainforest.
6. What does the underlined word “collapse” mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Sudden decrease.
B. Bad management.
C. Poor preservation.
D. Over development.
7. What can be inferred from Nigel Pitman's words?
A. Native peoples should protectthe rainforest.
B. We should help protect the Amazon Rainforest.
C. More science research should be done on rainforest.
D We should make good use of the Amazon Rainforest.
C
I was at the hardware store the other day and overheard a woman tell Ed., the manager, that fall was her favorite time of year. Ed., because he liked to keep his customers happy, agreed that fall was a wonderful season, but I could tell he was lying.
I was going through my mind recently, trying to find sweet memories of fall. I failed. I met my wife in the summer and married her two summers later. My sons were born in the winter and summer, my granddaughter in the winter. I’ve been fried twice in my life, both in fall. One October, a truck carrying tofu ran a red light and hit me, destroying my favorite car, combining the three things I most hate - trucks, tofu and October.
I'm not saying fall is without its attractions. The leavesare beautiful. But fall's vacillation (立场摇摆)is troubling, its effort (努力)to please everyone, its continuous search for the middle ground to be all things to all people. Say what you will about summer and winter, at least they have the courage to keep their opinions strong, even if they kill us with extreme heat or cold.
I recently read a story of a man coming out of a three-month coma (昏迷). It started in early fall and ended just as winter came. I hope if I were ever in a coma I would be just as lucky as the man.
Upon my awakening, one of my families who stood around my bed would ask. "Don't you remember anything from the past three months?"
"Not the first thing," I would happily report.
If I ever have enough money. I'm going to buy a second home inAustralia, so that when fall starts here, I can move there for three months, just when spring is starting.
8. What did Ed think of the customers words according to the author?
A. Ed understood them and supported the customer completely.
B. Ed might hold a different opinion on the topic.
C. Ed believed the customer wasn't telling the truth.
D. Ed thought they stood for most peoples' opinion.
9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A.The author has a big and loving family.
B. The author is having a hard time at work.
C. It is important to follow the rules of the road.
D. Nothing good has happened to the author in fall.
10. Why does the author say the man in Paragraph 4 was lucky?
A. Because he slept fall away.
B. Because he ho sweet memories of fall.
C. Because hedreamed of fill many times.
D. Because he was met by his family when waking up.
11. Which of the following does the author most want to do?
A. Drivetracks.
B. Eat tofu dishes.
C. Watch leaves falling in fall.
D. Move toAustraliain October.
D
A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.
The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and
cellular biology.
“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.
“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”
For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”
Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children.
A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.
“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”
12. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?
A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.
B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.
C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.
D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.
13. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?
A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.
B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.
C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.
D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.
14. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?
A. Having a father with a limited diet.
B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.
C. Having an overweight father.
D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.
15. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?
A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.
B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.
C. The clinical application of the research findings.
D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
七选五(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
Everyone complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful.___16___Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts.
___17___
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.
Make a list of things you are grateful for.
You often complain about the things you don't have without noticing those things you already have.Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves.___18___ Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things you can't change.___19___Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents' and friends' support, you can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself tovent(发泄) your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time, don't be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.
Find what makesyou happy.
___20___Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on the another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy. Choose happiness,
focus on the positive, and be kind always!
A. Change the way you think.
B. Make friends with positive people.
C. The best and only thing you can do is to accept them.
D. Are you constantly complaining about your present job?
E. Sometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjoy.
F. So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?
G. Set down things you are thankful for and you'll see that you don't have any reason to complain.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项The goal of the Egg Drop Challenge was simple --you built a____21____container to keep an egg from breaking when____22____over the stadium wall.
We worked alone or with a(n)____23____. My best friend, Cassie, and I always worked on projects together. She is____24____; I'm brainy. We are the perfect____25____.
I made my sandwich while waiting for Cassie to come and____26____the container. Spreading the marshmallow(棉花软糖)cream____27____me an idea -cushion the egg with some marshmallow creams to____28____the shock of the impact(撞击力). I told Cassie my brilliant____29____when she arrived. Then, Cassie said,“Actually. I have a_____30_____idea. We put the egg in a basket with a parachute(降落伞)_____31_____. It will simply float to safety.” We agreed. Neither was_____32_____and Cassie stormed out.
This is how the_____33_____worked: all the kids carried their egg containers up three stairs and dropped them. If your egg broke, you were out. If the egg_____34_____, you walked up three more_____35_____and dropped it again. This went on until the last egg broke.
Finally. only Cassie and I were left.
“Good luck, Laura.” Cassie said, turning to me. I didn’t_____36_____，figured winning would be sweeter revenge(复仇). The class called out the count of three and I let go of my box. I_____37_____down the steps. The sidewalk was already_____38_____, with egg shells from previous failed drops. I found my brave egg broken. I looked at Cassie's basket, Empty. Cassie looked at me_____39_____and we laughed. It was a(n)_____40_____. But we had won something more important. Our friendship can survive a little bouncing.
21. A. sealed B. protective C. metal D. plastic
22. A. placed B. taken C. dropped D. carried
23. A. parent B. friend C. athlete D. partner
24. A. creative B. strict C. outgoing D. stubborn
25. A. competitors B. candidates C. combination D. communication
26. A. watch over B. turn up C. work on D. think of
27. A. gave B. made C. taught D. showed
28. A. cause B. suffer C. absorb D. withdraw
29. A. achievement B. performance C. intelligence D. design
30. A. common B. better C. strange D. contrary
31. A. attached B. surrounded C. hung D. lowered
32. A. passed B. persuaded C. permitted D. amused
33. A. quarrel B. class C. competition D. relationship
34. A. burst B. fell C. won D. survived
35. A. containers B. steps. C. walls D. meters
36. A. care B. recover C. hear D. respond
37. A. raced B. turned C. put D. brought
38. A. mixed B. dotted C. decorated D. broken
39. A. angrily B. seriously C. badly D. softly
40. A. tie B. failure C. test D. end
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Lots of cats love having cat companions, but if____41.____(you) doesn't, it might act out by showing fear or aggression.
This doesn't____42.____(necessary) mean you have to give one up! ”Cats show great____43.____(flexible) in their social behavior," says Kristyn Vitale, a researcher at the Human-Animal Interaction Lab atOregon State University,US.
She suggests____44.____(separate) the cats into different areas of the house and slowly reintroducing them to one another by using a method that____45.____(call) “Scent(气味)，Sight. Touch"：Take a toy or blanket from each cat and exchange them. Give each cat the other cat's scent item along with lots of praise and rewards so they associate the smell with good things. After doing this several times, set up a space in____46.____the cats will be able to see one another through a physical barrier, like a screen door____47.____a gate. Then feed them, so they
start to associate positive feelings with the sight of the other cats. After a few successful feeding____48.____(session), you can try to introduce the cats____49.____a barrier. You can distract each cat with toys during their first meeting in the same room, so they have less time_____50._____(worry). “If owners go slow and give lots of rewards, many cats can learn to accept a companion cat." Vitale says.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Kate,
I have good news to tell you. The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will held in Shanghai at the end of July. Hear that you once took part in the competition last year and won an award, I intend to invite you to join in our team in the coming competition. I am sure that your involvement will not only help us win the award and also strengthen the friendship between our school.
Now they are preparing for the competition actively. Because you had more experience than us, I also send you our training plan, about that I wish to get your advice. We sincere hope that we can participate in a competition as team partners.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。

你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中询问你所钦佩的人。

请你给Jim 回信，内容包括：
1.你钦佩的人是谁；
2.你钦佩他/她的理由；
注意：开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
16. F 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. D
21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32.
B 33.
C 34.
D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A
41. yours
42. necessarily
43. flexibility
44. separating
45. is called
46. which 47. or
48. sessions
49. without
50. to worry
51.(1). held之前加be
(2). Hear→Hearing
(3). Join in去掉in
(4). and→but
(5). school→ schools
(6). they→we
(7). had→have
(8). that→ which
(9). sincere→ sincerely
(10). a→the
52.略。