高中英语 人教版 必修三 第四单元 基础知识点 (笔记版)
人教版2019高中英语必修第三册unit4 知识点全归纳
4. d_i_s_a_p_p_o_in_t_e_d__ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 d_i_s_a_p_p_o_in_t_in_g__ adj.令人失望的 d_is_a_p_p_o_in_t_m_e_n_t_ n. 失望 _d_i_s_a_p_p_o_in_t___ vt. 使失望
5. _in_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_t__ adj. 独立的；自立的 i_n_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_tly__ adv. 独立地；自立地 i_n_d_e_p_e_n_d_e_n_c_e_ n. 独立
望远镜 (天体等的)运行轨道 火箭 航天飞机 太空站；空间站 载人飞船 无人飞船
三、天体及概念 1．astronomy n. 2．planet n. 3．universe n. 4．globe n. 5．gravity n. 6．atmosphere n. 7．solar system 8．the outer space
1. ___m__e_n_ta_l_____ adj. 精神的；思想的 ___m_e_n_t_a_lly_____ adv. 精神上，智力上
2. __in_t_e_ll_ig_e_n_t____ adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 _i_n_te_l_li_g_e_n_ce____ n. 智慧；智力
9.hightech adj. 高技术的；高科技的 10.device n. 装置；设备 11.appliance n. 器具；器械 12.gene n. 基因 13.beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的 14.advantage n. 优点；优势 15.disadvantage n. 缺点；劣势 16.advanced adj. 先进的
9. __li_m_i_te_d____ adj. 有限的 __l_im_i_t_____ vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 _li_m_i_tl_e_ss____ adj. 无限的
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点归纳笔记(带答案)
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点归纳笔记单选题1、Many enterprising young people present their ideas________ getting investment and advice to start their own b usiness.A．at the cost ofB．by means ofC．as a result ofD．in the hope of答案：D考查介词短语辨析。
句意：许多有进取心的年轻人提出了自己的想法，希望得到投资和开始自己事业的建议。
A. at the cost of以……为代价；B. by means of 用；C. as a result of 由于；D. in the hope of怀着……的希望。
根据句意可知，年轻人提出自己的想法是希望得到投资和建议，故in the hope of符合题意。
故选D。
2、These products received good customer response, ______ in 4% comparable store sales growth in November. A．resultedB．to resultC．resultingD．having resulted答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：这些产品获得了良好的客户响应，使得11月份销售额增长了4%。
result in“导致，结果是”，为固定短语；句中一有个谓语动词received，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词作状语；表示自然的结果，应用现在分词；此处不表动作的完成，故排除D。
故选C。
3、Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (疟疾). A．differenceB．decisionC．procedureD．achievement答案：D考查名词词义辨析。
人教版必修第三册Unit4单元知识图谱课件
目录
CONCENTS
核心单词 重点短语 经典句型
核心单词
核心单词
33. muscle n肌肉；实力；影响力 34 .lack n.缺乏；短缺.没有；缺乏 35.float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流 36.otherwise adv.否则；要不然 37.beyond prep.在更远处；超出 38.solar adj太阳的；太阳能的 39.current adj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流； 思潮 40.sufficient adj足够的；充足的 41.soap n.肥皂 42. towel n.毛巾；抹布 43. microwave n.（also microwave oven）微 波炉 44. tissue n.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的） 组织
重点短语gularly adv.经常；定期地 57.regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的 58. foam n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫 59.pillow n.枕头 60.smartphone n.智能手机 61.resource n.资源；财力；物力 62.limited adj.有限的 63.closing adj结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭； 倒闭 64.mystery n.神秘事物；谜 65.attach vt.系；绑；贴 66.oxygen n.氧；氧气
Unit4知识点总结人教版高中英语必修三
Unit 4 Astronomy 知识点总结词汇及拓展1 religion n religious adj2 globe n global adj globally adv3 violence n violent adj violently adv4 in time及时；终于；迟早；最后in time for sth 刚好赶上in time to do 及时做。
on time准时；按时in no time 立即；马上at the same time同时at a time依次；每次；逐一at one time曾经；一度5 atmosphere(n.)大气层；空气；气氛atmosphere作为“大气层、大气”讲时常与定冠词the搭配；作“气氛、氛围”讲时常与不定冠词搭配；作先行词时，其后的定语从句如果缺少状语，引导词用where，如果缺少宾语或主语用that或which。
6 unlike prep likely adj be likely to do it is likely that7 fundamental adj fundamentally adv be fundamental to 对。
基础8 harmful (adj.)有害的harmless (adj.)无害的harm (n.)伤害，损害be harmful to=do harm to对······有害do more harm than good弊大于利There is no harm in doing sth. =It does no harm to do sth.不妨做某事；做某事没坏处exist on 靠······生存，生活exist in存在于。
in existence现存；现有come into existence出现；开始存在There exist（-s/ed）..... 存在着11 in one’s turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次，轮流；相应地；转而take turns in doing /to do sth.轮流做某事E.g. When it was in my turn, I was too excited to speak.当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。
最新人教版英语必修三unit4知识点以及相应练习(超级好)
人教版英语必修三u n i t4知识点以及相应练习(超级好)Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]1.This produced a chain reaction, whichmade it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语todevelop。
这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
The girl knows three foreign languages,which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find agood job.2.But when I tried to step forward, Ifound I was carried twice as far as onthe earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。
杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。
Jessicadevotedthree_times_as_much_time_and_energy_asshe did before, so I believe she will succeedthis time.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking doesneed a bit of practice now that gravityhas changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。
人教版高一英语必修3UNIT4知识点总结
人教版高一英语必修3UNIT4知识点总结UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWordssolar system planet circle astronomy origin religionwidely theory universe atoms billion dust solidglobe violent explode carbon vapor nitrogen produce atmosphere appear surface unlike obviousfundamental presence dissolve harmful acids chainreaction extremely multiplied oxygen encourage development shellfish insect amphibians reptiles huge dinosaurs exist rise mammal spread thus dioxide removepuzzle presence chemistry planet gravity evidence satellite violent shocked gentle rude biology provediscovery physicist supply decrease species extinct climate concern disappear spaceship force escape pull lessen float weight painful frightening amazed increase exhausting structure theory situationcrashPhrases:in all directions combine to settle into in time cool down fill....with as well as lay eggs remain a mystery give birth to in one’s turn prevent...from as a result of depend on no longer die out block out crash into dozens of fall back to cheer up twice as far as fall over now that get the hang of step forward break out pay attention to watch out be make up ofbe fundamental to begin with in all directions according to watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防Grammar:1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid. (随后）它变成什么没人知道，知道38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
新人教高中英语必修3 Unit 4 XXX 知识点归纳单词、短语、语法
新人教高中英语必修3 Unit 4 XXX 知识点归纳单词、短语、语法Unit 4 XXX 知识点精讲一、词汇精讲1.determined adj。
有决心的；意志坚定的然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。
常用搭配：XXX do XXX 表示决心做某事（表状态）联想词：① XXX vt。
查明；确定；决定XXX (doing) XXX 表示决定（做）某事XXX do XXX 表示决定做某事（表动作）例如：XXX.他决定早点出发。
I left。
determined never to come back again.我离开了，下定决心再也不回来了。
（作状语时，只能用determined）② XXX n。
决心拓展“决定/决心做某事”的其他表达：decide to do sth。
make a n to do sth。
make up one's mind to do sth。
2.XXX n。
发射；发起；上市1957年10月4日，苏联发射的人造卫星“旅伴一号”成功绕地飞行。
常用搭配：XXX 表示（热情地）开始做，投入launch out 开始从事，投身于（新事情，尤指有风险的事）例如：Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the launch of the new model.我们的营销人员为新型号的上市想出了一个好主意。
XXX。
XXX that was made。
We were disappointed to hear that you will not be able to come。
The disappointing news wasthat the event had to be XXX disappointment。
we still have a strong desire to make the event happen in the future。
人教版高中英语必修3unit4课文知识点详解
观察思考 The idea exists only in the minds of poets.
这种想法是诗人才有的。
We can’t exist without food or water. 没有食物和水我们就不能生存。
I can hardly exist on the wage that I’m getting;there is no money for luxuries. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口，根本没钱享受。 归纳总结 exist ________________。 vi.有，存在；生存 exist in存在于„„之中 exist on靠„„为生 exist by靠„„生存 existing adj.目前的；现存的 existence n.存在；生存 be in existence存在 come into existence开始存在；成立 bring into existence使发生，产生
the exit.
重点短语与句型
4.break out
We watched,amazed as fire __________ on the broke out outside of the spaceship as the earth’s
gravity increased.(回归课本P31)
观察思考
_______的___语，宾语从句可作介词的宾语。 宾 about
பைடு நூலகம்
2.No one knows exactly how the earth began,as it happened so long ago. 没有人准确地知道地
球的起源，因为那发生在很久以前。
考点提炼 本句为复合句,as引导的从句表示____。 原因
(新教材)人教版 2019 高中英语必修三 第四单元(知识点总结全)
Unit 4 Space Exploration 一、常见短语fight的常见短语fight against 为反对…而斗争与...战斗fight with 与…并肩战斗同…作斗争fight for 为争取…而战provide的常见短语provide for 供养为…作准备提供provide sb with sth 提供某人某物provide sth for sb 提供某人某物result的常见短语result in 导致造成result from 由…造成as a result 结果因此as a result of 作为...的结果由于run的常见短语run out 用完耗尽run out of 用光用完run across 偶然遇见(或看到) run after 追逐run away 逃跑跑掉carry的常见短语carry on 继续做坚持做carry on (with) sth 继续某事carry on doing sth 继续做某事carry的常见短语carry out 落实执行实施履行完成(任务) carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关carry sth through 成功完成某事战胜病魔二、易混词辨析三、常见句型与表达1. “not only…but also…”结构的用法①语法功能：连接平行结构——名词、代词、动词、非谓语动词、介词短语、句子等。
He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.他不仅读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。
②主谓一致：其连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近原则”。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但同学们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
③倒装: not only...but also...连接并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句要部分倒装。
人教版高一英语必修3 UNIT4知识点总结[精品]共10页
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UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWordssolar system planet circle astronomy origin religion widely theory universe atoms billion dust solid globe violent explode carbon vapor nitrogen produce atmosphere appear surface unlike obvious fundamental presence dissolve harmful acids chain reaction extremely multiplied oxygen encourage development shellfish insect amphibians reptiles huge dinosaurs exist rise mammal spread thus dioxide remove puzzle presence chemistry planet gravity evidence satellite violent shocked gentle rude biology prove discovery physicist supply decrease species extinct climate concern disappear spaceship force escape pull lessen float weight painful frightening amazed increase exhausting structure theory situation crashPhrases:in all directions combine to settle into in time cool down fill....with as well as lay eggs remain a mystery give birth to in one’s turn prevent...from as a result of depend on no longer die out block out crash into dozens of fall back tocheer up twice as far as fall over now that get the hang ofstep forward break out pay attention to watch out be make up of be fundamental to begin with in all directions according towatch out for 密切注意；当心；提防Grammar:1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid. (随后）它变成什么没人知道，知道38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
高中英语人教版必修三第四单元基础知识点(笔记版)
Unit 4 Direction 表示方向常和in,4. in time ①及时in time tofrom 搭配。
从某个方向用from,system 系统，体系朝某方向用in. do/ in time forsolar system 太阳系in all directions 四面八方②最终，迟早。
相当于sooner or government systems 政府体系in the opposite direction 朝相反later ,eventuallyinterest vt. 使⋯感兴趣的方向例如：The woman went to the例如：We were just in time for the常用：Sth. interest Sb. direction from which she flight.= Wewere just in time interested adj. 感兴趣的came.这个女士走向她来的方to catch the plane.interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的向。
Don’t worry. Iamsure thingseg: What he said interested will get better in time.all of us. to do 一般做目的状语，但有时候We are interested in the 辨析：in time/ on time/ at a也可做结果状语，见课本第一段interesting story.最后。
Only to do 结果发现常t ime( 一次，每次)/at one time( 曾经，一度)/ at1. 根据一个普遍接受的理论，times=sometimes( 有时候)表示意料之外的结果。
例如：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这She went to the supermarket,次大爆炸把物质射向四面八方。
人教版英语必修三第四单元词汇知识点
二、短语与拓展 1．cheer _u_p_高兴起来；振作起来
c_h_e_e_r_s_干杯
2．now _th_a_t_既然 3．break _o_u_t_突发；爆发
4．give _b_ir_th__ to产生；分娩 5．_la_y__ eggs下蛋
6．prevent..._fr_o_m__阻止；制止
2．Please tell me when Mr Smith is arriving at the train station so that I can pick him up___in__ti_m_e_________.
3．Once he has made up his mind，no one canp_r_e_v_e_n_t him__fr_o_m____carrying out the plan.
2.harmful/harm/harmless/ harmlessness: Be harmful to :对...有害 do harm to sb=do sb harm
1) This object gives off _h_a_r_m_f_u_l____gases which may do _h_a_rm______to our
sun
_o_u_t______.
2．_W__a_tc_h__o_u_t _fo_r___cars when you cross the street.
3．When Ella heard that her father was safe she immediately__c_h_e_e_r_e_d_u_p.
k_e_e_p_．..from阻止
7．watch _o_u_t __当心；密切注视 look o_u_t___当心
人教版高一英语必修三 unit4 知识点复习总结
Book3 Unit4pron.&n.&adj.万亿，十亿billionaire n. n.天文学十亿富翁1.astronomy9.globe n.astronomer 天文学家n.全球，世界globally adv. n.宇航员全球的，世界上astronautglobal astrology n.占星学adj.全球性的10.v iolent 2.solar adj.太阳的，日光的adj.暴力的，激烈的，强暴的adj.月亮的lunarviolence 系统，体系，制度3.system n. n.暴力violate solar system 太阳系v.破坏domestic violent n. 4.religion 宗教（信仰）家庭暴力violently adv.暴力地adj. religious 宗教的11.in time n. 5.theory 学说，理论及时，终于in time for the bus 理论（性）的adj. theoreticalat one time 6.practice 曾经，同时实践的adj.on time 宇宙大爆炸Big Bang ▲准时in no time 原子n. 7.atom 立刻一次，每次at a time 8.billionat no time 决不adj.不同的be (un)likely to do 一直all the time16.harmful在任何时刻adj.有害的at any timeharm 同时n./vt.伤害at the same timeharmless from time to time adj.无害的17.exist时不时地，偶尔vi.存在，生存existence n. ahead of time 提前存在，生存existent 从容不迫adj.存在的，尚存的take one's time 18.puzzle...与不同prep. 12.unlikev. like （使）迷惑/为难喜欢n.迷，难题vt./n.puzzled/puzzling adj. likely adj./adv. 很可能（的）生物学n. 13.carbon碳n.19.biology氮生物学家n.biologist n. nitrogen ▲▲adj.生物的水蒸气vapour n. biological大气层n. 14.atmosphere 反应，回应n.20.reaction反应v. react an atmosphere温和的，文雅的n. 21.gentle 像不，同不prep. 15.unlike gently adv.温和地，文雅地dissolve into23.harmful adj.有害的harm n./v.reach an agreement达成一致有害harmless fortunately幸运的是adj.无害的harmlessly adv.无害地got stuck 陷入harmlessness n. 无害性，无恶意nutrition guidelines 营养指南Abe harmful to B fundamental a. 基本的，基础的A cause/do harm to B fundamentalsA harm B/准则n.基本原理s) 'be fundamental to harm in (sbThere is (no) doing sth是基础的对于.... 酸的，刻薄的n. 酸adj.24.acidn.反应，回应▲reaction ▲presencev. 反应react n.出席，到场，存在做出反应对in reaction to... 22.presentreact to adj.出席的，现在的25.multiply 溶解，解散v. dissolve ▲．vt.（使）繁殖v.乘，增加make,think,consider,find,feel... adj.多元文化的multiculturalA be+倍数+as+原级+as+B 多媒体的multimedia adj.A be+倍数+比较级+than+B multinationalA be+倍数+the size/weight/ 跨国的，多民族的adj.height/length/width+...+of B 26.chain n. 链条a chain of29.exist vi.生存，存在一连串，一系列，连锁店exist in存在于...中27.oxygen n.氧exist on 靠...生存▲shellfish n.水生有壳动物existence n.存在，生存amphibian n.两栖动物▲come into exist 爬行动物reptile ▲产生、成立、开始存在y eggs 下蛋existing/existent 恐龙n. dinosaur ▲adj.现存的，现有的▲mammal n.哺乳动物vt.+it+adj./n.+(for sb) to do产生，分娩30.give birth to ：vt.31.thus adv.因此，于是37.puzzle n.迷，难题v.（使）迷惑，使为难's turn 32.in onepuzzle sb 使...轮到某人，接着迷惑/为难be puzzled by 被...迷惑二氧化物33.dioxide n. puzzle about/over sth 二氧化碳carbon dioxide苦苦思索，仔细琢磨34.in turn 依次，轮流38.biology by turns 轮流，交替n.生物学biologist 交出，上交n.生物学家turn in39.gravity take turns to do sth n.重力40.satellite n.... turn in doing sth 轮流做卫星41.gentle adj.阻止，制止35.prevent...from温和的gently prevent/stop...(from)doing adv.温和地... 阻止sth ...做▲geologist n.地质学家protect...from... geology n.地质学保护的侵害...不受...geography n.地理，地形... 36.keep...from... ... 阻止做42.physicist n.物理学家...keep...doing sth ...使一直做物理地身体地，adv. physicallyphysics n.物理爆裂声，碰撞（事件），（飞机）坠毁，暴跌，（计算机等的）崩溃 . 物理的physical adj身体的，48.pull v.拖，拉，拔出，抽出，（学）的心理psychological adj.（使）（车船等）移动，吸引挡住光线43.block out pull-up 拉▲adj. 灭绝的extinctpush-up 推extinction 灭绝，消失n.pull away 驶离，离开44.climate n.气候pull down 把...往下拉，拆毁n.彗星▲cometpull in/into（列车等）进站，v.碰撞，坠落45.crash（汽车等）靠边停下46.spaceship n.宇宙飞船pull up使（车等）停下47.crashpull out（列车等）出站，拉出发出爆裂声，发出撞击声，v.（使）pull through（使汽车）猛撞坠毁，（使飞机）（使）恢复健康/渡过难关暴跌，公司等）vi.（（股票）倒闭，▲lesson v.减少，减轻（计算机等）死机，崩溃49.cheer up crash into感到高兴，感到振奋撞击声，哗啦声，常做单数】【n. cheer sb up 使某人振奋起来cheer sb on 为某人喝彩/加油49.float v.（使）浮动，漂浮n.漂浮物▲weightlessly adv.失重地▲cabin n.小屋，船舱51.now that既然52.get the hang of熟悉，掌握，理解53.break out突发，爆发break through 突破break up解散，结束，放假，分手break into 破门而入break down 出故障，失败打断，插话break in。
高中英语必修三人教版Unit3Unit4基础复习
学生性别年级学科姓名教课课题复习 U3-4教课目的重要词汇及语法的运用教课要点名词从句：宾语从句、表语从句及主语从句与难点一、语法详解【名词从句】：表语从句，宾语从句，主语从句，同位语从句常用指引词：连结词： that （无词义） whether连结代词： who （ ever） whom what （ever） which （ever）whose连结副词： when where how why1.宾语从句常用指引词：连结词： that （无词义） whether连结代词： who （ ever） whom what （ever） which （ever）whose连结副词： when where how why注意： that 在指引宾语从句时，不从当任何成分Doubt2.表语从句【语法专练】用适合的连结词填空1.We can learn _______ we do not know.2.I think it necessary _______ you should read English aloud.3.The teacher asked _______ we had finished the experiment.4.I didn ’ t catch up with the train. That was _______ I missed the bus.5.My problem is _______ I can go there, by train or by bus.6.He doesn ’ t know _______ the post office is.7.The question is _______ we will have our sports meet next week.8.I don ’ t know _______ they are looking for.9.The reason _______ he came late was that he missed the bus.10.The young man with long hair looks _________ he were a girl.【基础知识复习】一、依据首字母填空1.Smoking is not p__________ in our school.2.He had his wallet stolen, so he had to earn his p__________ during the journey.3.The reason he gave to a________ for his absence was unbelievable.4.As is known to all, we should never judge a person only by his a______________.5.To be h_________, I have no money on me.6.To do this work well needs some p_________.7.He was so hungry that he order a thick s________ and a glass of beer for lunch.8.It's good m________ to say good-bye to the host when leaving.9. Seeing the snake, she couldn’ t help s____________.10.In some parts of the Great Wall, it is wide enough for two persons to walk s_________ to s___________.11.His family is quite rich, so they hire a s_________ to do the housework.12.Don't be r_______ to your friends. You should be friendly to each other.13.He was popular because of his sense of h_________.14.To my great joy, I found my lost pen by a________ in the corner of the room.15.We don't like him because he is always j________ of other's success.16.He doesn't like to be v_________, instead, he prefers to solve the problem in peace.17.Without o_________, we can't live.18.On cold winter days, there will be ice on the s________of the water.19.As is known to all, smoking is h_________ to our health.20.With the d___________ of science, many new things are invented.21.G___________ speaking, he is a smart boy except his carelessness.23.Bad habits should always be p_______ in our daily life.24.Whether you can succeed in the competition d________ on whether you have fully prepared for it.25.His p________ at the meeting made everybody excited.26.Not meeting his favourite singeer, he felt quite d____________.27.Another of his book will be p_______ next month.28.The reason why we have to fall to the ground is that there is g_________.29.G___________, he realized that he had done wrong to her.30.The river is so polluted that every day we can see a lot of things f________ on the water二、翻译以下短语1.抚育_______________2.冒险 ,试运气_______________3.衣不蔽体_______________4.打赌_______________5.行进 ,说吧 ,能够______________6.致使 ,解说______________7.至于_______________ 8.有时 ,刚巧________________9.与此相反________________ 10.坦诚地说_______________10.轮到某人挡住 ( 光芒 ) _______________11. 熟习；掌握；理解_______________12.亲密凝视；小心；防备_______________13. 依赖_______________14.感觉快乐；感觉振奋_______________15. 既然_______________16.产生；临盆_______________17. 阻挡；遏止_______________.三、单项选择1.---Would you permit me ____ here?---- Sorry, we don’ t permit ____ here in the lab.A. smoking, smokingB. to smoke, to smokeC. smoking, to smokeD.to smoke, smoking2.— Do you know why the teacher asks for me?— He wants you to ________ your absence last night.A. account forB. call forC. reach forD. send for3.— Will you go to his birthday party?— No, I won ’ t ________ invited.A. ifB. as ifC. what ifD. even if4.— Did you plan to meet here?— No, we met ________.A. by mistakeB. by accidentC. by the wayD. with chance5.________ the visitors around the school, we took them to the library building.A. Have shownB. ShownC. Having shownD. To show6.Ten years ago，the population of our village was ______ that of theirs.A ．as twice large as B． twice as large asC．twice as much as D． as twice much as7.Many fast-growing countries are less concerned with protecting ________ against climate change.A ．one B．oneself C．them D．themselves8.________work has been done to prevent the water being polluted.A ．A plenty of B．A number of C． A mass of D． A great many9.They couldn't agree with each other and finally a quarrel ________ between them.A ．broke up B．broke down C．broke out D．broke in10.Each neighbor________keep an eye on the children walking back from school.A ．in turn B．in return C． in reply D． in need11.The film festival has been a great success, ________ last year when it rained non-stop.A ．like B．unlike C．alike D．dislike三、达成句子1．为使她快乐，我带她去看电影。
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Unit 4system系统，体系solar system 太阳系government systems 政府体系interest vt. 使…感兴趣常用：Sth. interest Sb. interested adj. 感兴趣的interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的eg: What he said interested all of us.We are interested in the interesting story.1.根据一个普遍接受的理论，宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸把物质射向四面八方。
（背过）a widely accepted theory,the universe startedwith…. throw matter inall directions.世界上独一无二的东西，前面加定冠词the, 例如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the university, the world.但是名词前若有adj修饰，一般用不定冠词a/an。
例如：There is a big moon in the sky.Start/begin with 以…开始；to start/begin with首先=first of allwide adj.&adv. Wide做副词表示具体的宽 He lay here, with his eyes wide open./ wide awake.widely adv. 修饰抽象的广泛的 The book is widely read. Direction表示方向常和in,from搭配。
从某个方向用from,朝某方向用in.in all directions 四面八方in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向例如：The woman went to thedirection from which shecame.这个女士走向她来的方向。
to do一般做目的状语，但有时候也可做结果状语，见课本第一段最后。
Only to do结果发现常表示意料之外的结果。
例如：She went to the supermarket,only to find/only to be toldthat all the salt had beensold out.2.be to do用法，自己列出。
settle定居；解决；停留，落下；使某人坐在某个位置；精神的镇静例如：We finally settled in Jinan.定居The question is hard tosettle/solve. 解决The bird settled on thebranch. 停留在树枝上My father settled himself inthe sofa after work. 坐在沙发上The medicine can help tosettle your nerves. 镇静神经st VI持续维持其后的介词for经常省略。
The meeting lasted (for) threehours.4.in time①及时in time todo/ in time for②最终，迟早。
相当于sooner orlater ,eventually例如：We were just in time for theflight.= We were just in timeto catch the plane.Don’t worry. I am sure thingswill get better in time.辨析：in time/ on time/ at atime(一次，每次)/at onetime(曾经，一度)/ attimes=sometimes(有时候)5.atmosphere ①大气层，经常与定冠词联用theatmosphere ②气氛，氛围例如：An atmosphere of tension(紧张) filled Japan after theearthquake.The atmosphere over dinnerwas warm and friendly.6.As the earth cooled down,…..as在本句中为连词，翻译为：随着。
可以和with复合结构互换。
例如：As time goes by, we are older andolder. = With time going by,…11. unlike prep. 不像Unlike his brother, he isdiligent.不像弟弟，他很勤奋。
It is unlike him to be late.迟到可不像他的风格。
I dislike eating fish. I like eating meat. 我不喜欢吃鱼，我喜欢吃肉。
What is the weather like? 天气怎么样？He is likely to come.= it is likely that he will come. 他很可能回来。
12.be fundamental to对…至关重要，基础fundamental differences 根本的不同13.make it possible for lifeto develop 为make+宾语+宾补的结构在此it形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。
宾补可以有多种成分充当，但不能加ing形式。
例如：We made him president.我们选他做总统。
We should try our best to make the room clean.I spoke aloud to make myself heard. 让我自己被听见。
The mother made the boy do his work all day.被动 The boy was made to do his work all day.14.multiply繁殖，增加，乘例如：Cells multiply by means of cell division.The answer is 30 if you multiply 6 and 5.Your effort will multiply your chance of success.15. call A B 叫...A 是BThe boy called Jim is a kind boy.I lived in what you called Greece. 16. for the first time第一次，为介词短语，一般做时间状语。
The first time为连词，连接句子It is /was the first time that sb.have/had done sth.例如：Today, I climbed on the QianfoMount for the first time.I fell in love with the car thefirst time I saw it.It is the first time that Ihave visited the city.lay eggs 下蛋lie – lied---lied 撒谎lie—lay—lain 躺，位于lay—laid—laid 放置，下蛋He laid the books on the shelf.他把书放在书架上了。
The hen lays an egg a day. 这只母鸡每天下一个蛋。
He lied to his mother. 他对母亲撒谎了。
18. exist不及物动词，不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态。
名词：existence/come into existence =come intobeing 形成，产生例如：There exist warm-heartedpeople everywhere.We can’t exist without water.No one knows when the earthcame into existence.19. remain vi&link-v 保持，维持，仍然，剩余the remaining money 剩下的蛋糕I am sorry. My work remainsunfinished.After many years, he remainssingle./ he remains ateacher.The problem remains to besolved.It remains to be see whetherwe can finish it in time.20. spread伸展；延伸；（消息，火）等蔓延，传播The news spread through theschool quickly.The mother spread a cloth onthe table.The fire spread quickly, butall the people were able toescape.21. thus adv相当于therefore 因此The universities haveexpanded, thus allowing morestudents to get a highereducation.He forgot to turn on theradio and thus missed thenews.He knocked out Tom, thusbecoming the champion.22. in one’s turn轮到…./ byturns 轮流/ in turn ①依次，轮流②反之，从而/ in return (for)作为回报例如：Today, I am in my turn on dutyto clean the room.The two brothers looked aftertheir sick mother by turns.I gave him some money inreturn for his help.= Hehelped me. In return, I gavehim some money.高考再现：A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ________ will promote its economic development.A .in nature B.in return C.in turn D.in fact23. prevent/keep/stop …from…. 阻止。