不定式to用法详解ppt课件

I heard her sing in the next room.
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状语(adverbial)
He came to show me his new CD player.
(目的)
I went there to see my teacher.
(目的)
She came back to get her English book.
A. if you lose your spirit B. losing his spirit C. to lose one’s spirit D. your spirit getting lost
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3. – I can’t work in this way.
-- Why not ___B____ it in some other way?
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三 特殊的动词
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a)只能接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词
1). 只能后接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词, 常见的有：
avoid避免，miss错过，put off,delay,postpone[pə'sp-]推迟
避免错过莫推迟 suggest建议,practice练习，finish,complete 建议练习早完成 keep保持，imagine想像, can`t stand,can`thelp禁不住 保持想象禁不住 admit承认,deny否认, mind介意 承认否认勿介意 escape逃避,risk,excuse原谅 逃避冒险可原谅 give up,quit放弃,envy妒忌,fancy,appreciate,enjoy喜欢 放弃妒忌皆喜欢
I have a letter to write.
I have a pen to write with. I have no ink to write i（n.注意观察和思考）
I have no paper to write on.
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b)时间性
• 动词不定式与谓语动作同时发生 : to be doing They’re said to be building a bridge. We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.
The question is who(m) to ask.
(表语)
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比较（Compare）
I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how to do it. I don’t know what to do about it.
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Exercises:
1. -- You’ve done very well this time.
A. try to do
B. try doing
C. trying to do
D. trying doing
4. Since you find it difficult ___D____ a decision,
you’d better a discussion( 讨论) with your
rents.
• 不定式后发生: to do sth They invited us to go there next week.
• 动词不定式先于谓语动作发生: to have done • He’s said to have written a new novel.
I’m sorry not to have come on Wednesday.
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疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、 宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。
When to start has not been decided.
(主语)
I don’t know what to do. (宾语)
He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语)
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宾语
I want to buy a computer. She hopes to find a better job. I wish to go with you. Do you consider it better not to go ?
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宾语补足语
She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time. Edison’s mother taught him to read and write.
如：I can’t avoid going．我不能不去。 20
b)只能接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有
1)manage尽量, prepare准备, fail失败 尽量准备免失败 2)choose,decide决定, determine决定, arrange安排 早做选定好安排 3)plan计划, seem看起来,refuse,decline拒绝 计划看来又遭拒 4),promise承诺,afford 承诺无价却能买 5)pretend ,agree ,expect
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3)cease,start,begin ,continue/deserve(值得,应得) to do=cease等+doing
4)sb +need/want to do sth sth+need/want doing
5) consider(考虑) doing 6) consider(认为) sb/sth+to do sth 7) feel like doing sth
D. not to carry
9. The teacher will teach him __C_____.
A. to use
B. use it
C. how to use it
D. uses
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找出句子中的不定式，并说出作用：
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there.
(目的) The boy was too frightened to move.
（结果）
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表语
His work is to feed the animals. Her job is to look after the patients. My wish is to be a scientist.
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Let me do it.
I saw him cross the street. 常见动词有：
使役动词: let, make, have 感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen
to,notice,observe 比较：
I heard her singing in the next room.
定语
Give me something to drink. I have two books to read.
They have much food to eat. He asked for a room to live in. I don’t have a pen to write with. The ice is hard enough to skate on. He bought a toy to play with.
主语
2. I hope to see him soon.
宾语
3. His wish is to become an artist.
表语
4. People eat to live, but not live to eat.
状语
5. I have a lot to tell you.
定语
6. It’s not right to be always thinking of onesel主f. 语
A. reach; have
B. reaching; have
C. reach; having
D. to reach; have
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5. My father hates(痛恨) ___D____. He never allows
me _______. A. to smoke; to smoke B. smoking; smoking C. smoke; smoking D. smoking; to smoke
A. where to choose B. which to choose
C. what to choose D. to choose which
8. The bag is too heavy for me ___C____.
A. to carry it
B. not to carry it
C. to carry
-- It’s really kind _____C___.
A. for you to say so B. for you saying so C. of you to say so D. of you saying so
2. It is better to lose one’s life than _______C.
7. We often see him play football. 宾语补足语
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二 不定式的两种性质
• a)回返性(不定式修饰的词是不定式动作逻 辑 上的宾语)
Do you have anything more to say?
There is nothing to worry about. Let’s find a room to put the bike in. We haven’t a chair to be seated in.
动词不定式详解
课件设计： 课件制作： 总体计划：
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一 不定式的句子功能
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主语 （这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）
1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream. It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.
2. To go abroad is his dream. It is his dream to go abroad. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do. It’s often difficult for me to decided what to do .
2）
get sb to do sth 使某人做某事
get sb doing sth 使某人不停地做某事情
get sth done(vt) He couldn`t get his car started just now.
get doing(vi)
Once she gets talking,it`s hard to stop her.
假装同意共期待 6)offer提供, demand要求,hope希望
要求提供望不再
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四 注意几个容易混淆的短语
1）
have sb do sth使某人做某事 have sb doing sth使某人不断做某事 not have sb doing sth不允许某人做某事 have sth to do sth有事情要做 have sth done
6. The girl was beginning ___B____.
A. get angry
B. to get angry
C. getting angry
D. angry
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7. There isn’t any difference between the two. I
really don’t know __B______.
dislike doing sth would like to do sth like doing/to do sth hate doing/to do sth 8)be worth doing=be worthy to be done/of being done
want sb to do get sb to do find sb to be would like sb to do
wish sb to do order sb to do like sb to do help sb to do
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作宾语补足语不带to 的情况:感觉动词、使役动词后面 的 to 常省略，但是被动语态中的 to 不能省略