大学四级-1424

大学四级-1424
(总分：710.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)
1.Directions:For this part, yon are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled: Credit Cards. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 越来越多的人使用信用卡，使用信用卡有那些好处；
2. 信用卡的弊端
3. 你自己的观点
Credit Cards
（分数：103.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(
Credit Cardrs
Persona] credit cards are becoming much in evidence in China. Known as "plastic money", credit cards have transformed the way people buy things. Consumers will be able to "buy now, pay later", and many regard this as an advantage.
But people need to be careful. There are dangers associated with credit cards. Some people find it very, easy to exceed their budget. They are tempted to purchase goods that they do not really need, and can run up a huge debt quickly. The credit cards often charge a high rate of interest, which aggravates the problems for these people.
However, credit cards, if used wisely, can improve the quality of people's lives. They can give people access to money to meet sudden unplanned expenses. Properly handled, they can let people control their expenditure and the monthly statements provide a record of where their money has gone.)
解析：[写作要点] 根据题目要求和提纲提示，考生应该撰写一篇议论文。

写作重点在于分析信用卡使用的利与弊，最后阐明自己的观点。

[结构安排] 第一段：简要介绍信用卡使用越来越广泛的现象，举出一两个原因。

第二段：反面分析信用卡使用中的危险。

第三段：提出自己的观点。

点评
1．结构闪光点
全文层次分明，结构严谨。

2．语言闪光点
(1)(much) in evidence随处可见的
(2)Known as “plastic money”这里的分词短语作主语补足语，使整句紧凑简沽，语义丰富。

(3)transform改变(……的形式或本质)
(4)exceed one's budget超过某人的预算
(5)be tempted to do被引诱做……
(6)run up a huge debt债台高筑
(7)aggravate(使……)加重
(8)if used wisely这里，if从句中省去了主语和谓语they are。

(9)access to有权利(机会)使用……
(10)statement回执单，结算表
二、Part Ⅱ Reading Compr ehension (Skimming and Scanning)(总题数：1，分数：70.00)
Spiders
Spiders can be distinguished from other Arachnids because the prosoma (combined head and thorax)is only separated from the opisthosoma (abdomen)by a narrow waist; in other Arachnids the whole body appears to be much more of a single unit. All spiders produce silk, but only some construct webs to catch their food and to protect their eggs.
All spiders possess poison glands but very few of them are dangerous to humans. Of the 600 + species in Britain only 12 are strong enough to pierce the human skin, and apart from allergies, none are more dangerous than a common wasp. Most spiders have 8 eyes as well as 8 legs. There are 32000 known species of spiders in the world. No human being has ever been officially recorded as having died as the result of a "tarantula" bite.
All spiders are carnivores and feed only on liquids, i.e. their preys' natural juices and the break- down products of external digestion.
What's in a Name
The word "Arachnid" comes from the Greek word "Arachne" who was the daughter of Idmon of Colophon in Lydia, a dyer by trade. Arachne herself was a weaver, the best in the known world. However in a foolish moment she challenged Athene, the daughter of Zeus, to a weaving competition. Arachne wove so perfect a cloth that she tore it to shreds. Arachne became depressed alter this and in the end she hung herself. Athene was stirred to remorse at the knowledge that her anger turned the rope Arachne had used to hang herself into a web and Arachne herself into a spider so that the beauty of her spinning should not he lost to the world ever again.
The Great Household Spider Safari
There are just over" six hundred different sorts of spiders in the British Isles. But of these only a handful are commonly found in houses. At the front of the head are a pair of what appear to be small legs. These are called palps and are used to guide food to the spider's mouth. The front of the head also has a group of six or eight eyes. On the underside of the body at the rear, are four or six small conical bumps or cylinders. There are the spinnerets from which the spider produces the silk to make its webs.
Telling male and female spiders apart is easily done by looking at their palps. Males have swollen ends to their palps which make them look as if they are wearing boxing gloves. Females have normal-looking palps that are not swollen at the ends.
The largest spider is the Goliath spider, the female of which grows to reach a leg span of ten inches. The largest spider in Britain is the Cardinal spider which is a close cousin of Tim Tcgenaria. Females can achieve a leg span of four and a half inches. It is known as the Cardinal spider as it was common in Hampton Court when Cardinal Wolsey lived there. The sight of these long-legged spiders wandering around the palace at night used to frighten him. So far 32000 different kinds of spiders have been discovered from all over the world. Britain has 630 different kinds of spiders, and 250 kinds are tiny Money spiders, the smallest of which has a body less than one millimeter long.
（分数：70.00）
(1).All spiders construct webs to catch their food.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[关键信息] All, construct webs
[相关信息] 文中笫一部分第一段的末句“All spiders Produce silk, but only some constr uct webs to
catch their food and to protect their eggs.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目中的all与原文中的some概念不符，所以是错误命题N。

(2).Not all the poison glands possessed by spiders are dangerous to human beings.（分数：7.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Y）
解析：[关键信息] Not all the poison glands, dangerous
[相关信息] 文中第一部分第二段的首句“All spiders possess poison glands but very few of them are dangerous to humans.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目中的not all与原文中的very few所指范同一致，属于同义转换，所以是正确命
题Y。

(3).Spiders often kill humans in Britain when they pierce human skin.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[关键信息] often kill humans, in Britain，pierce human skin
[相关信息] 文中第一部分第二段“Of the 600+species in Britain only 12 are strong enough to pierce the human skin, and apart from allergies, none are more dangerous than a common wasp.”和末句“No human being has ever been officially recorded as having died as the result of a ‘tarantula’ bite.”
[信息分析与对比] 从原文中的两处相关信息得知：在英国，12种能够刺透人类皮肤的蜘蛛仅仅会引起过敏，它们还没有普通的黄蜂危险。

而且，并没有官方记载表明有人曾被“大蝴蛛”咬死。

题目中的“often kill humans”与此相悖，所以是错误命题N。

(4).After seeing her enemy commits suicide, Arachne turned Athena into a spider.（分数：7.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[关键信息] Arachne turned Athena into a spider
[相关信息] 文中第二部分“…turned…and Arachne herself into a spider.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目中的“Athena”与原文巾的“Arachne”不符，所以是错误命题N。

(5).Tim Tegenaria spiders are closely related to tarantula spiders; both are found in Britain.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：NG）
解析：[关键信息] Tim Tegenaria, found in Britain
[相关信息] 文中第三部分最后一段“...the Cardinal spider which is a close cousin of Tim Tegenaria.”和第一部分的第二段。

[信息分析与对比] 题目中的“are closely related to”与原文中的“is a close cousin of”意思相同。

原文只说明了Tim Tegenaria蜘蛛与Cardinal蜘蛛的关系，并未提及它与“tarantula”蜘蛛关系如何。

而且，“tarantula”一词只在第一部分的第二段出现过一次，整段并没有信息表明它是在英国被发现的，所以是不确定命题NG。

(6).So far 32000 different kinds of spiders have been discovered from all over the world.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Y）
解析：[关键信息] 32000
[相关信息] 文中第三部分最后一段“So far 32000 different kinds of spiders have been discovered from all over the world.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目与原文文字完全相同，所以是正确命题Y。

(7).Money spiders are the smallest spiders found in the Arachnids family.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N）
解析：[关键信息] Money spiders, smallest
[相关信息] 文中第三部分最后一段末句“...250 kinds are tiny Money spiders, the smallest of which has a body less than one millimeter long.”
[信息分析与对比] 原文文字说明了金钱蛛中最小的个头还不到1毫米长，而不是说金钱蛛是最小的蜘蛛。

题目偷换概念，所以是错误命题N。

(8).The Cardinal spider is named after ______.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Cardinal Wolsey）
解析：[关键信息] Cardinal spider, named
[相关信息] 文中第三部分最后一段“It is known as the Cardinal spider as it was common in Hampton Court when Cardinal Wolsey lived there.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目中“is named after”的意思是“以……命名”，从原文中很容易看出“Cardinal spider”与人名“Cardinal Wolsey”有相同的单词“Cardinal”。

(9).Telling male and female spiders apart is easily done by ______.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：looking at their palps）
解析：[关键信息] Tell ing male and female spiders apart
[相关信息] 文中第_-部分第二段开头“Telling male and female spiders apart is easily done by looking at their palps.”
[信息分析与对比] 题目与原文前半部分文字相同，
(10).The largest spider is ______.（分数：7.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the Goliath spider）
解析：[关键信息] The largest spider
[相关信息] 文中第三部分末段开头“The largest spider is the Goliath spider,...”
[信息分析与对比] 题目与原文前半部分文字相同。

三、Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)
（分数：35.00）
A.Get some small change. √
B.Find a shopping center.
C.Cash a check at a bank.
D.Find a parking center.
解析：[听力原文]
M: Excuse me，do you have change for a ten-dollar note? I need to pay the parking meter. W: I'm sorry, but I think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping center across the street.
Q: What is the man trying to do?
这里“meter”意为“仪器(表)”。

所以，男士想换零钱来支付停车费。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] have change for a ten-dollar note, pay the parking meter, get it through the money changer
A.Plan his budget carefully.
B.Give her more information. √
C.Ask someone else for advice.
D.Buy a gift for his girlfriend.
解析：[听力原文]
M: Christmas is round the corner and I'm looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Any suggestions? W: Well, you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. Also, what's your budget? Q: What does tile woman want the man to do?
首先排除C和D，而A只涉及女生说的一个方面而未提到your girlfriend，只有B能概括这两个方面。

“budget”意为“预算”。

[问题类型] 推论题
[相关信息] 女生话语
A.Taking photographs. √
B.Enhancing images.
C.Mending cameras.
D.Painting pictures.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Do you let people know when you are taking pictures of them?
M: I try not to. You know, any picture of a person who poses for the camera would look dull and unnatural.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
女士问男士：“你给人照相时他们知道吗?”男士回答：“尽量不”，因为摆姿势拍出来的照片看起来单调、不自然。

“pose”意为“摆姿势”。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] 全部对话
A.Go to the library.
B.Meet the woman.
C.See Professor Smith. √
D.Have a drink in the bar.
解析：[听力原文]
M: Prof. Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it is impossible for me to make it to the bar at 10:00.
W: Then it seems we'll have to meet an hour later at the library.
Q: What will the man do first after class?
这里，“make it”意为“到某地”。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] go to his office after class
A.He is rather disappointed.
B.He is highly ambitious.
C.He can't face up to the situation.
D.He knows his own limitations. √
解析：[听力原文]
W: Aren't you disappointed that you didn't get the promotion?
M: Maybe a little. But I know I need more experience before I'm ready for that kind of responsibility. Q: What do we learn about the mad from this conversation?
男士没能升职，他也许有点(a little)失望，而不是很(rather)失望。

而且，他知道自己需要更多的经验
才能担当重任。

由此可推断答案应该是D。

B项中“ambitious”意为“雄心勃勃的”，C项中“face up to”意为“面对”。

[问题类型] 推论题
[相关信息] 男生话语
（分数：21.00）
A.She was absent all week owing to sickness.
B.She was seriously injured in a car accident.
C.She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized.
D.She had to be away from school to attend to her husband. √
解析：[听力原文]
M: Jane missed the class again, didn't she? I wonder why?
W: Well, I knew she had been absent all week. So I called her this morning to see if she was sick. It turned out that her husband was badly injured in a car accident.
Q: What does the woman say about Jane?
“attend to”意为“照顾”。

听音关键在于女生的最后一句话。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] 女生话语
A.The tickets are more expensive than expected.
B.The tickets are sold in advance at half price.
C.It's difficult to buy the tickets on the spot.
D.It's better to buy the tickets beforehand. √
解析：[听力原文]
M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance?
W: Certainly! Tickets at tile door are usually sold at a higher price.
Q: What does the woman imply?
“in advance”意为“提前”，与D项中“beforehand”同义。

显然，女生对男生是否应该提前买票的问题给出的是肯定回答，以此可直接得出答案。

[问题类型] 推论题
[相关信息] 全部对话
A.It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer.
B.It was mainly meant for cancer patients.
C.It might appeal more to viewers over 40. √
D.It was frequently interrupted by commercials.
解析：[听力原文]
W: Did you watch the 7 o'clock program on channel 2 yesterday evening? I was about to watch it when someone came to see me.
M: Yeah! It reposed some major breakthrough in cancer research. People over 40 would find it a program worth watching.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation about the TV program?
“appeal to”意为“吸引”，此项是对相关信息的同义改写。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] People over 40 would find a program worth watching.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）
A.To go boating on the St. Lawrence River.
B.To go sightseeing in Quebec Province.
C.To call on a friend in Quebec City.
D.To attend a wedding in Montreal. √
解析：[听力原文] 19-21
W: Hey, Bob, guess what? I'm going to visit Quebec next summer. (19)I'm invited to go to a friend's wedding, lint while I'm there, I'd also like to do some sightseeing.
M: That's nice, Sherry. But do you mean the province of Quebec or Quebec City?
W: I mean the province. My friend's wedding is in Montreal, so I'm going there first. I'll stay for 5 days. Is Montreal the capital city of the province?
M: Well, many people think so because it's the biggest city, but it's not the capital. Quebec City is, but Montreal is great. The Santa Lawrence River runs right through the middle of the city. It's beautiful in summer.
W: Wow, and do you think I can get by in English? My French is okay, but not that good. I know most people there speak French, but can I also use English?
M: Well, people speak both French and English there, but you'll hear French most of the time and
all the street signs are in French. In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. (20)So you'd better practice your French before you go.
W: Good advice, what about Quebec City? I'll visit a friend from college who lives there now. What's it like?
M: (21)It's a beautiful city, very old. Many old buildings have been nicely restored. Some of them were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. You'll love it there.
W: Fantastic, I can't wait to go.
19. What's the woman's main purpose of visiting Quebec?
[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] I'm invited to go to a friend's wedding
A.Study the map of Quebec Province.
B.Find more about Quebec Province.
C.Brush up on her French. √
D.Learn more about the local customs.
解析：[听力原文]
What does the man advise the woman to do before you go.
“brush up on”意为“复习”。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] So you'd better practice your French before you go.
A.It's most beautiful in summer.
B.It has many historical buildings. √
C.It was greatly expanded in the 18th century.
D.It's the only French-speaking city in Canada.
解析：[听力原文]
What does the man say about Quebec City?
“historical”意为“历史的”，是对相关信息的概括。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] It's a beautiful city, very old. Many old buildings have been nicely restored. Some of them were built in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）
A.The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name.
B.The hotel clerk insisted that he didn't make any reservation.
C.The hotel clerk tried to take advantage of his inexperience. √
D.The hotel clerk couldn't find his reservation for that night.
解析：[听力原文] 22-25
M: Hello, I have a reservation for tonight.
W: Your name, please.
M: Nelson, Charles Nelson.
W: OK, Mr. Nelson. That's a room for five and...
M: But excuse me, you mean a room for five persons?
W: According to our records, a room for 5 guests was booked under your name.
M: No, no —— hold on. You must have two guests under the name.
W: OK, let me check this again. Oh, here we are.
M: Yeah?
W: Charles Nelson, a room for one for the 19th...
M: Wait, wait. It's for tonight, not tomorrow night.
W: Em..., (23) I don't think we have any rooms for tonight. There's a conference going on in town and——er, let's see yeah, no rooms.
M: Oh, come on! You must have something, anything!
W: Well, let——let me check my computer here...Ah!
M: What?
W: There has been a cancellation for this evening. A honeymoon suite is now available.
M: Great, I'll take it.
W: But, I'll have to charge you 150 pounds for the night.
M: What? I should have a discount for the inconvenience!
W: Well, the best I can give you is a 10% discount plus a ticket for a free breakfast.
M: (24) Hey, isn't the breakfast free anyway?
W: Well, only on weekends.
M: (25) I want to talk to the manager.
W: Wait, wait, wait... Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15% discount...
22. What's the man's problem?
此题可采用排除法来确定答案。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] 全部对话
A.A grand wedding was being held in the hotel.
B.There was a conference going on in the city. √
C.The hotel was undergoing major repairs.
D.It was a busy season for holiday-makers.
解析：[听力原文]
Why did the hotel clerk say they didn't have any rooms for that night?
[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] I don't think we have any rooms for tonight. There's a conference going on in town...
A.It was free of charge on weekends. √
B.It had a 15% discount on weekdays.
C.It was offered to frequent guests only.
D.It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels.
解析：[听力原文]
What did the clerk say about the breakfast in the hotel?
[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] M: Hey, isn't the breakfast free anyway? W: Well, only on weekends.
A.Demand compensation from the hotel.
B.Ask for an additional discount.
plain to the hotel manager. √
D.Find a cheaper room in another hotel.
解析：[听力原文]
What did the man impoly he would do at the end of the conversation?
[问题类型] 推论题
[相关信息] I want to talk to the manager.
五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）
A.There were no planets without moons.
B.There was no air or water on Jupiter.
C.Life was possible in outer space. √
D.The mystery of life could not be resolved.
解析：[听力原文] 26-28
(26) Since early times, scientists have been fascinated with the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, they believed that life on other planets was just a hopeful dream. But now they are beginning to locate places where life could form. In 1997, they saw evidence of planets near other stars like the sun. But scientists now think that life could be even nearer in our own solar system. One place scientists are studying very closely is Europa, a moon of Jupiter.
(27) Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface. The probes have also made scientists think that under its surface Europa has a rocky core giving off volcanic heat. Water and heat from volcanic activity are two basic conditions needed for life to form. A third is certain basic chemicals such as carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. Scientists believe there might be such chemicals lying at the bottom of Europa's ocean. They may have already created life or may be about to. You may wonder if light is also needed for life to form. Until recently, scientists thought that light was essential. But now, places have been found on earth that are in total blackness such as caves several miles beneath the surface. And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there. (28)So the lack of light in Europa's sub-surface ocean doesn't automatically rule out life forming.
26. What did scientists once believe according to the passage?
首先，考生应注意题干中的关键词“once”而不是直接信息中的“until recently”。

然后，此题可从正反两方面得出答案。

第一句话从正面证实答案是C。

其中，“be fascinated with”意为“对……着迷”。

或者，从第二句话得知：其他行星上存存生命的想法只是一个梦想，考生可以此从反面推断出答案。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] Since early times, scientists have been fascinated with the idea of life existing somewhere else besides earth. Until recently, they believe that life on other planets Was just a hopeful dream.
A.It has a number of active volcanoes.
B.It has an atmosphere like the earths
C.It has a large ocean under its surface. √
D.It has deep caves several miles long.
解析：[听力原文]
What have scientists found about Europa, a moon of Jupiter?
[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] Space probes have provided evidence that Europa has a large ocean under its surface.
A.Light is not an essential element to it. √
B.Life can form in very hot temperatures.
C.Every form of life undergoes evolution.
D.Oxygen is not needed for some life forms.
解析：[听力原文]
What have scientists come to know recently about formation of life?
相关信息中，“rule out”意为“排除”。

A项是此句的同义改写。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] So the lack of light in Europa's sub-surface ocean doesn't automatically rule out life forming.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）
A.She stopped being a homemaker.
B.She became a famous educator.
C.She became a public figure. √
D.She quit driving altogether.
解析：[听力原文] 29-31
(29) P. P never wanted to be a national public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and
a homemaker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her two-year-old daughter. Four months later, P. reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a ear is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. (30) In her first speech, P. got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker. She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many in the audience were moved to tears, and to action. In subsequent presentations, P. gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show was broadcast three times transmitting her message to over 14,000,000 people. (31)Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several states to consider restrictions on cell phone use.
29. What was the significant change in P. P.'s life?
考生可以从第三句话开头的转折词“but”对前两句的语义进行反推，然后得出答案。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] P.P never wanted to be a national public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and a homemaker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her two-year-old daughter.
A.Nervous and unsure of herself. √
B.Calm and confident of herself.
C.Courageous and forceful.
D.Distracted and reluctant.
解析：[听力原文]
How did P. fell when she began her first speech?
此项中的“nervous”对应于相关信息中的“trembling”，“unsure”对应于相关信息中的“uncertain”。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] In her first speech, P. got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain.
A.More strict training of women drivers.
B.Restrictions on cell phone use while driving. √
C.Improved traffic conditions in cities.
D.New regulations to ensure children's safety.
解析：[听力原文]
What could be expected as a result of P.'s efforts?
[问题类型] 推论题
[相关信息] Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several stales to consider restrictions on cell phone use.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）
A.Job security.
B.Good labour relations.
C.Challenging work. √
D.Attractive wages and benefits.
解析：[听力原文] 32-35
It is logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits, and job security motivate workers. But one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers, they are merely satisfiers. (32) Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility. (33) However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there are always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs, and lots of unskilled people who have to do them. So how do managers motivate people in such jobs? (34) One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as part of a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team. And let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them, and so on. Many people now talk about the importance of a company shared values or culture, with which all the staff can identify. For example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user friendly, or the most reliable products in a particular field. (35)Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets, which ultimately only concern a few people. Unfortunately，there is only a limited number of such goals to go around. And by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best.
32. What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg?
[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility.
A.Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually. √
B.More and more unskilled workers will lose jolts.
puters will change the nature of many jobs.
D.Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.
解析：[听力原文]
What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era?
“tedious”意为“无聊乏味的”，“manually”意为“手工地”，此句与相关信息语义相对应。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there are always plenty of boring. repetitive and mechanical jobs, and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.
A.Offer them chances of promotion.
B.Improve their working conditions.
C.Encourage them to compete with each other.
D.Give them responsibilities as part of a team. √
解析：[听力原文]
What do some supermarkets do to motivate their employees?
考生在听音过程中应注意上下文的联系，做好笔记。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as part of a team. For example, some supermarkets...and so on.
A.They will not bring real benefits to the staff.
B.They concern a small number of people only. √
C.They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.
D.They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.
解析：[听力原文]
Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers?
解题的关键在于要判断出相关信息中的which从句是修饰“financial targets”的，即答案所在。

B项中的“a small number of”与相关信息中的“a few”同义。

[问题类型] 细节理解题
[相关信息] Such Values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets, which ultimately only concern a few people.
六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)
In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process.
Factual writing provides background information on an author, composer, or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (37) cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a style of music which you might read in a music (38) course. This kind of writing provides a (39) for your study of the humanities. As its name (40) , descriptive writing (41) describes, or provides an image of, a piece of music, art, or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the musical (42) a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader's mind by calling up (43) details of the work. (44)
Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. (45) This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important.
(46)
In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process.
Factual writing provides background information on an author, composer, or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (37) cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a style of music which you might read in a music (38) course. This kind of writing provides a (39) for your study of the humanities. As its name (40) , descriptive writing (41) describes, or provides an image of, a piece of music, art, or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the musical (42) a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures。