分析下列句子成分
语法专攻高考英语一轮精讲精练：英语句子结构和成分分析含详解
简单句的五种基本结构正确的英语句子都要符合一定的语法结构要求。
英语句子的结构可以归纳成五种基本句型。
英语句子都可以看作是这五种句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装构成的。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础，也是学好其他语法知识的前提。
英语五种基本句型结构如下：用符号表示为：①ＳＶ（主＋谓）②ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）③ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）④ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）⑤ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）主语（subject）谓语（predicate）宾语（object）定语（attribute）状语 (adverbial) 补语（complement）表语（predicative）考点1. 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语。
如:It is raining now. (ＳＶ)We’ve worked for 5 hours. (ＳＶ) The meeting lasted half an hour. (ＳＶ)Time flies. (ＳＶ)练习1. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。
1.Dark clo uds hung overhead.( )2.Gradually a smile appeared on herface. ( )3.He is smiling all over his face.( )4.I did well in English. ( )5.He talked loudly in the classroomyesterday. ( )考点2. 基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。
She likes English.We planted a lot of trees on the farm yesterday.练习2. 分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]第1讲句子成分英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型结构如下：主语谓语用符号表示为：①ＳＶ（主＋谓）②ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）③ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）④ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）⑤ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）主语（subject）谓语（predicate）、宾语（object）定语（attribute）状语(adverbial) 补语（complement）表语（predicative）考点1.基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）这类句子的谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不带宾语，但可以带状语，常见的不及物动词有： act, come, go, work, last, fall, cry, disappear, appear, smile, rise, ring，live, look,listen, laugh, hurry, talk, sleep, retire, graduate, die, care, agree, jump, fail, wait, succeed, stay, sit, lie, shine, happen, take place, rain, snow, ect. 如:It is raining now. (ＳＶ)We've worked for 5 hours. (ＳＶ)The meeting lasted half an hour. (ＳＶ)Time flies. (ＳＶ)练习1.分析下列句子成分，并在后面括号内标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种1.Dark clouds hung overhead. ( )2.Gradually a smile appeared on her face. ( )3.He is smiling all over his face. ( )4.I did well in English. ( )5.He talked loudly in the classroom yesterday.( )考点2.基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）系动词主要是be. 但还有一些动词有些时候也可作系动词，有人称之为半系动词。
(完整版)句子成分分析
句子成分分析一、主语多表示人或事物，是句子里被陈述的对象，在句首能回答“谁”或者“什么”等问题。
可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。
例如：（1）今天晚上‖ 特别冷。
主语（偏正短语）谓语（2）[明天这个时候]，我们‖就可以走出戈壁滩了。
状语（时间）主语（代词）谓语以动作、性状或事情做陈述的对象的主语句。
例如：（1）笑‖是具有多重意义的语言。
主语（动词）谓语（2）公正廉洁‖是公职人员行为的准则。
主语（形容词联合短语）谓语二、谓语是用来陈述主语的，能回答主语“怎么样”或“是什么”等问题。
谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。
（1）动词性词语经常做谓语。
例如：他‖[只]答应了<一声>。
主语谓语（状语+动词+补语）南海一中‖留下<过>(许多人)的梦。
主语谓语（动词+补语+定语+宾语）我‖[最近]去<了><一趟>北京。
主语谓语（状+动+补+宾）（2）形容词性词语也经常做谓语。
例如：太阳‖热烘烘的。
主语谓语（形容词+的）人参这种植物,‖娇嫩<极了>。
主语谓语（形容词+补语）说话‖[要]简洁<些>。
主语谓语（状语+形容词+补语）（3）主谓短语做谓语。
例如：这件事‖大家都赞成。
主语谓语（主谓短语）任何困难‖她都能克服。
主语谓语（主谓短语）大家的事情‖大家办。
主语谓语（主谓短语）（4）名词性词语做谓语。
这种情况很少见，有一定的条件限制。
可参考文言文中的判断句。
例如：鲁迅‖浙江绍兴人。
主语谓语（名词短语）明天‖教师节。
主语谓语（名词）她‖大眼睛，红脸蛋。
主语谓语（定中短语，表容貌）三、宾语往往表示动作支配的对象，并且总是处在动词的后头。
可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
（1）名词性宾语。
例如：玫瑰花我给你们俩十朵，给你紫红的，给她粉红的。
近宾远宾近宾远宾近宾远宾（2）谓词性宾语。
句子成分分析练习题
句子成分分析练习题句子成分分析练习题句子的组成成分叫句子成分，也叫句法成分。
在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
小编整理的句子成分的练习题，供参考！分析下列句子的句子结构1. we are working.。
2. I can swim very well.3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.4. Why does the wind blow.5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.6. Both T om and Jack enjoy country music.7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.10. He gave his son some advice on reading.11. Read me the first paragraph.12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.13. He began leaning English ten years ago.14. My being late worried my teacher.15. The president himself would visit our school.16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.18. I got it back at once.19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.20. The telephonerang.21. We study hard.22. His father might have died.23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed24. Can you make the dog stand still?25. The landlord had them working day and night.26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.27. We all breathe, eat, and drink.28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning.29. The book weighs five kilos.30. They will be flying to London.综合练习一答案分析下列句子的句子结构1.Weareworking.我们在工作。
大学英语分析句子成分练习
Exercises分析下列句子成分1. Our school is not far from my home.2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you3. All of us considered him honest.4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piece of glass.6. He made it clear that he would leave the city．7. ---I love you more than her，child ．8. Tees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open.10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.12.All the students think highly of his teaching13. We need a place twice larger than this one.14. He asked us to sing an English song.15. Don't get nervous，help yourself to what you like．16.We will make our school more beautiful.17. He didn't come．That is why he didn't know．18. She showed us her many of her pictures.19. The old man lives a lonely life.20. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.21. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．22. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him．23. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.24. Go back where you came from. 25. We must do whatever the people want us to do. 26. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 27. Would you please pass me the cup?28 Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 29. Do you know the latest news about him?30. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow.翻译练习：主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）1你应当努力学习。
划分句子成分划分英语句子成分经典练习
划分句子成分练习练习1.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。
2）The old man was feeling very tired.3）His job is to train swimmers.4）Where he was buried remained unknown.5）What he said proved true.6）We must keep quiet.7）The shop stayed open until eleven.8）She appeared younger than she really was.9）His face went red.10）He fell ill last week.11）The cake I ate yesterday taste delicious.从上面我们可以看出，常见的系动词有，___、___、___、___、___、___、____、____等，它们下面一般跟____词作表语。
练习2.分析下列句子成分，在下面标明属于五种基本句型中的哪一种。
口译，体会it的替代性用法。
1）It is very plain to me that he is round and tall like a tree.2）It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.3）It worried her a bit than her hair was turning grey.4）The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.5）She made it her duty to look after all the other people’s affaires in that town.6）I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.7）He made it known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics.8）I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.从上面我们可以看出，作形式主语和宾语一般用代词___,真正的主语或宾语通常是____或_____，放在下面。
句子成份
用符号分析法分析下列句子成分
1、这个神话是人们无法认识死海形成过程的一种猜测。
2、我国桥梁事业的飞跃发展，表明了我国社会主义制度的无比优越。
3、地中海沿岸被称为西方文明的摇篮。
4、抵御沙丘的方法是植树种草。
5、建筑师极力推崇建筑工人的创造性劳动。
6、地势渐渐更加陡起来。
7、它那含泪的眼睛流露出悲苦和恐怖的神情。
8、通话时, 我就坐在离电话机不远的椅子上。
9、我这儿时的记忆, 全都闪电似的苏醒过来。
10.那中年妇女满心欢喜地朝检票口走去。
11.帝国主义估计我们终久会向他们讨乞才能活下去。
12.目前，我国正在深入进行体制改革。
13.辛勤的园丁在灯下批改学生作业到深夜。
14.这个美丽的传说流传在黑龙江一带。
15.华南虎，也已经跻身受保护的珍稀动物的行列了。
16.大家都过幸福生活是我们的愿望。
句子成分分析
4、定语：定语是名词前边的
修饰语，对名词起修饰限制作 用。名词、动词、形容词、数 量词和短语充当定语。“的” 是定语的标志。如： （浅浅的）月光流进了村子.
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例如： ⑴那（沉甸甸）的稻谷，象 （一垄垄）（金黄）的珍珠。 ⑵（三杯）美洒敬亲人。 ⑶雪野中有（血红）的宝珠山 茶，（白中隐青）的（单瓣） 梅花。 ⑷（中国）的历史有（自己） 的特点。
谓语起补充说明作用的成分. 它可以回答 “怎么样”、 “多久”、“在什么地方”等 问题，一般放在动词或者形容 词的后面. 形容词、动词、代词、副词、 数量词和短语可以充当补 语.“得”是补语的标志.
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例如：
⑴广大人民干得〈热火朝天〉。 ⑵他写的字比原来好得〈多〉。 ⑶他生〈于１９１８年〉。 ⑷他坐〈在桌子旁〉。 ⑸颜色是那么浓，浓得〈好象要 流下来似的〉。
虚 词
主谓短语：是由两个表示被陈述与陈
述关系的词组成的短语，其中表示被 陈述的对象的是主语，用来陈述的是 谓语。 如：他聪明 动宾短语：是由动词和后边受动词支 配的成分一起组成的短语，其中受动 词支配的是宾语。如：变脸 后补短语：是由动词、形容词和在它 们后边起补充说明作用的成分一起组 成的短语。如：变老
单、复句的区别
1、几个单句形式连 用，在结构上互不 包含，即互不作句 子成份，是复句。
1、如果某个单句形 式（主谓短语）甚 至是复句形式作句 子中的某个成份， 是单句
例一
1、我的故乡蓬莱是个倚山抱海的古城， 城不大，风景却别致。 2、夜，皎洁的月光。 3、肉香，油多。 ——以上为复句 4、作物同病菌进行斗争，情形是复杂的。 5、他们分明地感到：天下已经没有自己 的份，现在是在毁别人的、烧别人的、 杀别人的、抢别人的。 ——以上为单句
英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型
哪些动词后需接复合宾语的？ let / make / have sb do
英语中有一类词叫系动词,与系动词连用的叫 系表结构,说明主语的状态,性质等. 1. I am ________ a teacher. 2. They are ______________ on the playground. 3. My job is ____________ teaching English. 4. It gets ___ cold. 5. It sounds interesting. ________
_______ 1. The shortest distance between _______ _________ is a straight line. two points 2. We didn’t meet anybody new at ___ the meeting. _________________ 3. The boy, tired, hungry and thirsty, _____ fell down on the beach. 4. He is a man suitable for the job. ______________ 你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
常见的系动词有be 动词,有get ,become, turn, grow 等表 “变得”的词, 和感官动词(除了sound你还能举例吗?)
存在"类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连 系动词强调"存在"。常见的有: (是), (看起来), (摸上去), (似乎是), (似乎、显得), (证明是), 闻起来), (尝 起来), (听起来)等。 "持续"类:表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系 动词强调"持续"。常见的有: (依然), (保 持), (保持), (继续、仍旧), (处于 某状况或情形)等 "变化"类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情 况或状态。这类连系动词强调"变化"后的情况或状 态.常见的有: (变成), (变成), (变 得), (变得)等。
句子成分分析
句子成分是指构成句子的各组成部分，即词和词组在句子中的各种语法意义。
句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语（宾语补足语）、同位语等。
句子成分说明常用词类主语句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体（人或事物）<动作的执行者> 名词、代词谓语表示主语的动作或状态动词表语放在系动词后表示主语的身份或特征名词、代词、形容词宾语表示及物动词动作的对象<动作的承受者> 名词、代词定语限定或修饰名词、代词形容词状语修饰动词、形容词、副词用，表示时间、地点、状态、程度等含义副词一、主语主语是指句子谈论的主题，也就是句中动作、行为、性质和状态的主体。
通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词等充当。
如：1. Betty likes her new bike. (名词)2.They usually go to school on foot.（代词）3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.（不定式）4.Playing basketball after school is great fun.（动名词）5.What he likes best is unknown. （从句）6.It took him thirty minutes to get there.（it作形式主语，代替真正的主语to do）二、谓语谓语和主语一样，是一个句子的主干之一，表示主语所做的动作、具有的特征及所处的状态。
通常由动词充当，动词常分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词以及助动词。
情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语，它们必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语。
实义动词包括及物动词(vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词后面要带宾语。
通常情况下，谓语位于主语之后。
如：1. They work very hard.（实义动词）2. She bought a new house last year.（实义动词）3. Tom feels much better now.（连系动词）4. We can speak English very well.（情态动词＋实义动词）5. They are playing over there.（助动词＋实义动词）注意：根据动词的分类构成五种句型：三、宾语宾语表示动作的对象或承受者。
高中英语句子成分分析讲解 即时练习巩固
第1讲句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。
考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划句子成分的符号主语在下面划一直线谓语在下面划曲线宾语在下面划双横线定语在下面划虚线（一行点使我们想到一排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”）状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短木桩，木桩撞（状）钟）补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙）同位语上下双曲线，（虽都有曲折，上下位置基本相同考点2.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构：1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词（如the rich）5.不定式6.动名词7.主语从句等表示。
练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线，并说出由什么充当1.During the 1990s, American country music hasbecome more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have an English test has notbeen decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true练习2.改正下列句中的错误，并说明原因1.He failed the exam is the reason why he droppedout.2.That why he was late for school was that his motherwas ill.3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village.4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot.5.Play basketball is my favorite sport.6.Give up English is not an option.考点3.谓语谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
句子成分分析语文
句子成分分析语文例句：英雄的光辉业绩永远鼓舞我们前进。
1、妈妈到袁家岭新华书店去买书。
妈妈：主语，称谓名词
到......书店：介宾短语，作状语
回去：，趋势副词
买；谓语，动词
书：宾语，名词
2、我很喜欢在大海里游泳。
我：主语，很：状语，讨厌；谓语，动词
在大海里：介宾短语，作定语
游泳：宾语，名词
3。
魔术师的手里出现了一只白鸽。
魔术师的：定语
手：主语，名词
里：补语，副词
出现：谓语，动词
了：补语，副词
一只：定语
白鸽：宾语
4、他勇敢地接受了挑战。
他：主语，人称代词
勇敢地：状语，副词
拒绝接受：谓语
了：补语，副词
挑战：宾语，名词
5、展览馆展出了新出土的二千多年前的`文物。
展览馆：主语，名词
展出：谓语，动词
了：补语，副词
新出土的：定语
两千多年前的：定语
文物：宾语，名词。
句子成分分析讲义
句子成分分析讲义句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分;句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语分析下面句子的句子成分：I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.一主语主语：句子说明的人或事物Jane is good at playing the piano. 名词She went out in a hurry. 代词Four plus four is eight. 数词To see is to believe. 不定式Smoking is bad for health. 动名词The young should respect the old. 名词化的形容词What he has said is true. 句子练习：找出句中主语1.The sun rises in the east.2.Twenty years is a short time in history.3.The poor are now living in the shelter.4.Seeing is believing.5.To see is to believe.6.He likes dancing.7.What he needs is a book.8.It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.二谓语谓语：说明主语的动作、状态和特征一、简单谓语:由动词或成语动词组成;凡是由一个动词构成谓语的,不管是什么状态、语态、语气,都属于简单谓语;I saw the flag on the top of the hill.He looked after two orphans.She will be leaving for Hong Kong on April 3rd.He has been designing a new plane model.二、复合谓语1：由情态动词或助动词+动词构成He can speak English well.She doesn’t seem to like dancing2：系动词+表语构成The prospects looked excellent.It sounds a good idea.His hair turned grey in a few weeks.She is growing restless.易误用作及物动词的几个不及物动词：误：deal a problem 正：deal with a problem 处理问题误：depend sb. 正：depend on sb. 依靠依赖某人误：insist doing sth. 正：insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事误：knock the door 正：knock on at the door 敲门误：operate sb. 正：operate on sb. 为某人做手术误：participate sth. 正：participate in sth. 参加某事误：refer sth. 正：refer to sth. 查阅参考某物误：rely sb. / sth. 正：rely on sb. / sth. 依靠某人、某物误：reply a letter 正：reply to a letter 回信及物与不及物动词练习：1. No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A. serveB. serve forC. serve toD. serve on2. The pupil ___ his right hand, obviously hoping to _____ to answer the teacher’s question.A. rose riseB. raised riseC. rose raiseD. raised raise练习：找出句中谓语1.The space shuttle will be launched at 5p.m.2.I suggest that the game be cancelled.3.Share prices have picked up recently.4.The windows of our bedroom looked out upon the lawns.5.I can explain this sentence.6.He must have arrived by air.7.Roses smell sweet.8.He felt troubled and distressed.9.I am happy.三宾语宾语：动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语Show your passport, please. 名词She didn't say anything. 代词How many do you want - I want two. 数词They sent the injured to hospital. 名词化的形容词They asked to see my passport.不定式I enjoy working with you. 动名词Did you write down what he said 句子I find this weather very trying.复合结构作宾语复合宾语He gave me some books.双宾语双宾动词后+间接宾语+直接宾语练习：找出句子的宾语1.Fasten your seatbelts, please.2.Give me some.3.Let me have one or two.4.Respect the old and cherish the young.5.Stop acting like a child.6.He tried not to offend her.7.He had his passport visaed for South Korea.8.I don’t understand what you mean.9.please pass me the book.10.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.四表语表语：在系动词后的部分就是表语That remains a puzzle. 名词The war was over. 副词They seem to know the truth. 不定式Time is precious. 形容词I’m not quite myself today. 代词I don’t feel at ease.介词短语They are twice the size of chickens.词组That’s where we differ.句子从句My aunt’s hobby is growing roses. 动名词My daughter is sixteen next month. 数词练习：找出句子中的表语1.He proved a trustworthy friend.2.Sales are down.3.All you have to do is to press this button.4.He has done mad.5.It’s something to be home again without an accident.6.The Conservatives保守党were once more in power.7.That would be a great weight off my mind.8.Money is what they are after.9.His first job had been selling home computers.10.Mike was third.系动词的类别：1状态系动词 be动词Eg: He is a teacher.2持续系动词 keep, remain, stayEg: He always kept silent at the meeting.3表像系动词 seem, appear, look,Eg: He looks tired.4感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, tasteEg: This kind of cloth feels very soft.5变化系动词 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. Eg: He became mad after that.6终止系动词 prove, turn out, 表达“证实”,“变成”之意Eg: The rumor proved false.注意：系动词不用于被动语态.五定语定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句He is a clever boy. 形容词His father works in a steel factory. 名词Do you know B etty’s sister名词所有格There are 54 students in our class. 数词Whose child is it代词He bought some sleeping pills. 动名词His spoken language is good. 分词短语She was quiet for days to come. 不定式Who is that girl with a pigtail介词短语Is there anything I can do for you从句定语后置：如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置;而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常后置The girl in red is his sister.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now练习：找出句子中的定语1.He’s a kind man.2.Help yourself to some fish.3.There are twenty students in our class.4.These are the roads leading to the beach.5.The girl in red is very beautiful.6.She is a girl everyone likes.六状语状语：说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等;I will be back in a while.They are playing on the playground.He was late because he got up late.He got up so late that I missed the train.I waited to see you.He often went to school by bus.His parents died, leaving him an orphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This book is very interesting.练习：找出句子的状语1.H e secretly decided to leave the town.2.Being a poor teacher, he can’t afford to buy a car.3.It being a holiday, the library isn’t open.4.We can send a car over to fetch you.5.I’m going there by plane.6.We sat down on the grass.七宾语补足语宾补：有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足,使句子的意义完整;这类常用的及物动词有： make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.I found the book interesting.Do you smell something burningHe made himself known to them.She asked me to lend her a hand.八同位语同位语：位于名词或代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况We young people should respect the old. 名词He himself will do the experiment. 代词He is the oldest among them four. 数词He told me the news that our team won the game.从句练习：找出句子中的同位语;1.She is my niece Maria.2.You girls are much more active than us boys.3.You three sit here.4.There is a rumour that you have resigned.九练习练习：说出斜线部分的句子成分;1、You should study hard.状语2、The teacher got very angry.表语3、The boy told me his story.间宾+直宾4、We elected him our monitor.宾语+宾补5、I told him to open the window.宾语+宾补6、We watched t he train leaving the station. 宾语+宾补句子类型句子种类两种分类法：一、按句子的用途可分四种：1、陈述句肯定、否定：He is six years old.She didn’t hear of you before.2、疑问句一般、特殊、选择、反意：Do they like skatingHow old is heIs he six or seven years oldMary can swim, can’t she3、祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class.4、感叹句：How clever the boy is二、按句子的结构可分三种：简单句、并列句和复合句;1、简单句：只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语;Eg: He often reads English in the morning.Eg: Tom and Mike are American boys.Eg: She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the newspapers.2、并列句：由并列连词and, but, or等或分号;把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成; Eg：You help him and he helps you.Eg：The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的3、复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子;复合句包含：①名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句、②定语从句③状语从句简单句的五种基本句型：一、主语＋不及物动词e.g. a. Winter comes. b. This factory opened in 1989.二、主语＋及物动词＋宾语e.g. She has bought a new house.三、主语＋连系动词＋表语e.g. a. She looked worried. b. Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers in the school.四、主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语e.g. My father bought me a lot of books.五、主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语e.g. a. They elected him their monitor. b. We consider him very smart.。
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分析句子成分
1、句子六种成分
▪主语、谓语、宾语；
▪——三种主要成分
▪定语、状语、补语；
▪——三种附属成分
2、句子成分标识符号
▪主语：“==== ”划在主语下面
▪谓语：“——”划在谓语下面
▪宾语：“~~~~” 划在宾语下面
▪定语：“（）”用在定语前后
▪状语：“[ ]”用在状语前后
▪补语：“〈〉”用在补语前后
3、句子成分分析实例
▪（1）、今天星期六。
—————
▪（2）、今天是星期六。
———~~~~~
▪（3）、说话[要]简洁〈一些〉。
—————
▪（4）、长江三峡[曾经]留下〈过〉（许多人的）梦。
—————— ~~~ 4、顺口溜：
▪主谓宾，定状补
▪主要成分主谓宾
▪修饰成分定状补
“的”前定“地”前状“得”后补
5、定语：美丽的校园
（美丽）的校园
6、状语：例1：安静地学习
[安静]地学习
１.主语
主语是谓语陈述的对象，指明说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
例如：
⑴中国人民志气高。
２.谓语
谓语是陈述主语、说明主语的。
说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”
满天乌云顿时消散了。
⑵树叶黄了。
（3）明天星期日。
３.宾语
宾语在动词后面，表示动作、行为涉及的人或事物，回答“谁”或“什么”一类问题。
例如：
⑴什么叫信息？
⑵门口围观一群看热闹的。
４.定语
定语是名语前面的连带成分，用来修饰、名词表示人或事物性质、状态、数量、所属等。
例如：
⑴那（沉甸甸）的稻谷，象一垄垄（全黄）的珍珠。
⑵（三杯）美洒敬亲人。
⑶雪野中有（血红）的宝珠山茶，（白
中隐青）的（单瓣）梅花。
⑷（中国）的历史有（自己）的特点。
５.状语
状语是动语或形容词前面的连带成分，用来修饰、限制动词或形容词，表示动作的状态、方式、时间、处所或程度等。
⑴他[已经]走了。
⑵咱们[北京]见。
⑶歌声[把王老师]带入深沉的回忆。
⑷科学[终于以伟大的不可抑制的力量]战胜了神权。
６.补语
补语是动词或形容词后面的连带成分，一般用来补充说明动作、行为的情况、结果、程度、趋向、时间、处所、数量、性状等。
例如：
⑴广大人民干得〈热火朝天〉。
⑵他写的字比原来好得〈多〉。
⑶他生〈于１９１８年〉。
⑷他坐〈在桌子旁〉。
⑸颜色是那么浓，浓得〈好象要流下来似的〉。
练习分析下列句子成分
1、车间已经完成了全年的任务。
2、薄薄的轻雾浮起在池塘里。
3、乔家忽然遭了一场很大的变故。
4、我已经读过两遍了。
5、天气比屋子里冷得多了。
6、绿色开花的植物有庞大的根系。
7、一切生物都离不开食物。
8、会变色的花很多。
9、石拱桥在世界桥梁史上出现得比较早。
10、统筹方法，是一种安排工作进程的数学方法。
11、一斤苹果五角钱。
12、小李这个人性格非常好。
13、爷爷一句话都没说。
14、在汉江北岸，我遇到一个青年战士。
15 、他被一阵哭声惊醒了。
16、我觉得我们的战士太伟大了。
17、消息在乡下传得特别快。
18、他们对这位来自基层的女干部和她乡人民坚持不懈的治沙精神所感动。
19、我一直沉醉在世界的优美之中。
20、这种魅力，就是使我终生能够在实验室里埋头工作的主要因素了。
21、理想中的女儿应该是个淑女。
22、荔枝林深处，隐隐露出一角白屋。
23、隔了几天，二妹从虹口舅舅家里回来。
24、勤劳勇敢的中华民族几千年来创造了光辉灿烂的文化。
25、我国桥梁事业的飞速发展，表明了我国社会主义制度的无比优越。
26、汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰。
27、写文章是交流思想、传播经验的一种方法。
28、一个人在学习过程中有若干主要的关节。
29、他们是一切伟大人民的优秀之花。
30、赵州桥高度的技术水平和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。