英国文学史及选读第一册unit1
英国文学史及选读-Chapter1
英国文学史及选读Chapter1发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:32 共 270人浏览[大] [中] [小]The Anglo-Saxon PeriodI. Fill in the blanks.1.After the fall of the Roman Empire and athe withdrawl of Roman troops from Albion， the aboriginal __ population of the larger part of the island was soon conquerered and almost totally exterminated by the Teutonic tribes of ____， _____ ， and _____ who came from the continent and settled in the island， naming its central part a， or England.2.For nearly ______ years prior to the coming of the English， British had been a Roman province. In _____， the Rome withdrew their legions from Britain to protect herself against swarms of Teutonic invaders.3.The literature of early period falls naturally into teo divisions，and ____. The former represents the poetry which ____the Anglso-Saxons probably brought with them in the form of _____ ， the crude material out of which literature was slowly developed on English soil；the later represents the writings developed under the teaching of ______ .4._____can be justly termed England’s national epic and its hero _____---one of the national heros of the English people.5.The Song of Beowulf reflects events which took place on the ______ approximately at the beginning of the_____century， when the forefathers of the Jutes lived in the southern part of the _____ and maintained close relations with kindred tribes， e.g. with the ______ who lived on the other side of the straits.6.Among the early Anglo-Saxon poets we may mention______ who lived in the latter half of the ______ century and who wrote a poetic Paraphase of the Blible.7.____ is the first known religious poets of England. He is known as the father of English song.8.The didactic poem “The Christ” was produced by ________.II. Choose the best answer for each blank.9.The most important work of _______ is the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles， which is regarded as the best monument of the old English prose.a. Alfred the Greatb. Caedmonc. Cynewulfd. Venerable Bede2. Who is the monster half-huamn who had mingled thirty warriors in The Song of Beowulf？a. Hrothgat.b. Heorot.c. Grendel.d. Beowulf.3. _____ is the first important religious poet in English Literature.a. Cynewulfb. Caedmonc. Shakepeare.d. Adam Bede4. The epic， The Song of Beowulf， represents the spirit of ______.a. monksb. romanticistsc. sentimentalistd. paganIII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.1. （） The author of The Song of Beowulf is Cynewulf.2. （） The setting of The Song of Beowulf is in Scotland.3. （） Alfred the Great compiles The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.4. （） Venerable Bede wrote The Ecclesiastical History of the English People.5. （） The author of Paraphase is Caedmon.IV. Define the liretary terms listed below.Alliteration Epic.V. Answer the following questions.1.What do you know about the Teutors.2.Please give a brief description of The Song of Boewulf.英国文学史及选读 Chapter2发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:31 共 93人浏览[大] [中] [小]The Anglo-Norman PeriodI. Fill in the following blanks.1.In the year___， at the battle of ___， the ____ headed by William， Duke of Normandy，defeated the Anglo-Saxons.2.The literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright， ____ tales of _______ and _______， in marked contrast with the ___ and ______ of Anglo-Saxon poetry.3.English literature is also a combination of ____and _____ elements.4.In the 14th century， the two most important writers are ___ and Chaucer.5.In the 15th century， there is only one important prose writer whose name is _____. He wrote an important work called Morte d’ Arthur.II. Define the leterature terms listed below.1.Canto2.legend3.Arthurian Legend.III. Read the excerpt of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight carefully， and then make a brief comment on it.IV. Answer the following questions.1.What is the consequence of the Norman Conquest？2.Make a brief survey of the middle English literature.英国文学史及选读 Chapter3发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:31 共 68人浏览[大] [中] [小]Geoffrey ChaucerI. Fill in the following blanks.1.Chaucer’s masterpiece is _____， one of the most famous works in all literature.2.Chaucer created in The Canterbury Tales a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of _______.3.There are various kinds of ballads _______， ______， ______， _____， and ______.4.Bishop ____ was among the first to take a literary interest in ballads.5.The name of the “jolly innkeeper” in The Canterbury Tales is ______， who proposes that each pilgrim of the ____ should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two more on the way back.6.In contradistinction to the ______ verse of Anglo-Saxon poetry， Chaucer chose the metrical form which laid the foundation of the English _____ verse.II. Choose the best answer.1.Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England？a. Christopher Marlowb. Geoffrey Chaucerc. W. Shakespeared. Alfred the Great2. Chaucer’s earlist work of any length is his “______” a translation of the French “Roman de la Rose” by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung， which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throught Europe.a. Troilus and Criseydeb. A Red， Red Rosec. Romance of the Rosed. Piers the Plowman3. In his literary development， Chaucer was influenced by three literatures， which one is not true？a. French literature.b. Italian literaturec. English literatured. American literatureIII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.1. （） The 32 pilgrims，according to Chaucer’s plan，was to exceed that of Baccoccio’s Decameron.2. （） The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of Romantic portray， the first of its kind in the history of English literature.3. （） The Canterbury Tales is a vivid and brilliant reflection of 15th century in England.4. （）Chaucer’s poetry traces out a path to the literature of English Renaissance.IV. Define the leterary terms listed below.1.Romance.2.Fable.3.BalladV. Anwer the following question.1.What is the social significance of The Canterbury Tales ？英国文学史及选读 Chapter4发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:30 共 66人浏览[大] [中] [小]The RenaissanceI. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or phrase according to the textbook.1.Shakespeare’s first priginal play written in about 1590 was _________.2.Hamlet， Othello， King Lear，and _______ are generally regarded as Shakespeare’s four great tragedies.3.The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus is one of _______’s best known sonnets.4.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ______.5.Bacon’s works may be divided into three classes， the ______， the _______， the _______ works.6.Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of the English national state this period is marked by a flourishing of national culture known as the _________.7.Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of _______.II. Find out the author and his works.⑴ The author and their works1. （） Thomas More a. Gorge Green2. （） Enmund Spenser b. Eupheus3. （） John Lyly c.The Fairy Queen4. （） Marlowe d. Utopia5. （） Robert Greene e. The Jew of Malta⑵ The characters in the play1. （） Desdemona a. The Merchant of Venice2. （） Cordelia b. As you like it3. （） Juliet c.Hamlet4. （） Ophelia d. King Lear5. （） Portia e. Othello6. （） Rosalind f. Romeo and JulietIII. Define the leterary terms listed below.1.Renaissance2.sonnet3.Spenserian Stanza4.Humanism5.dramatic irony6.tragedy7.allusionIV. Answer the following questions.1.Give a summary about the English literature during the Renaissance period.2.What is the main idea of Hamlet？3.Give a brief introduction to Thomas More’s Utopia.4.When were Shakespeare’s main tragedies written？ what did he write about in his tragedies？英国文学史及选读 Chapter5发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:29 共 40人浏览[大] [中] [小]Chapter Five The Period of Revolution and RestorationI. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or phrase according to th etextbook.1.The 17th century was a period when ______ impeded the further development of capitalism in England and the ______ could no longer bear the sway of _______.2.England became a commomwealth under the leadership of _______.3.The Glorious Revolution in _____ meant three things the supremacy of ________， the beginning of _______， and the final truiumph of the principle of _______.4.Restoration created a literature of its own， that was often ______ and _______， but on the whole _______ and _______.5.The first thing to strike the reader is Donne’s extraordinary _____ and penetrating _______. The next is the ______ which marks certain of the lighter poems and which represents a conscious reation from the extreme _______ of woman encouraged by the Petrachan tradition.6.Paradise Lost presents the author’s view in an ______， _______ form. It is based on the _______legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race-______， and _______， and involves God and his eternal adversary _____in its plot.7.Bunyan’s most important work is _________， written in the old-fashioned， medieval form of ________ and _________.8.Christia has two objects， ---to get rid of his ______， which holds the sins and fears of his life， and to make his way.II. Find out the work from column A and its content from column B.1. （） II Penseroso a. defense of the Revolution2. （） Lycidas b. Satan against God3. （） Comas c. about dear friend4. （） Areopagitica d. happiness5. （） Eikonolastes e. meditation6. （） Defense for the English People f. masque7. （） Paradise Lost g. attack on the censorship8. （）L’Allegro h. justifying the excutionIII.Define the leterature terms listed below.1 .Blank Verse2. Three Unities3. Conceit4. Stanza5. Elegy6 .Allegory7. GenreLiterary CriticismIV. Answer the following questions.1.What are the different aspects between the literature of Elizabeth period and that of the Revolution period？2.Give a brief analysis of Satan， the central figure in Paradise Lost.3.Why do people say Samson is Milton？4.In your opinion，why is “The Pilgrim’s P rogress” successful？英国文学史及选读 Chapter6发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 17:29 共 34人浏览[大] [中] [小]The Age of Enlightenment EnglandI. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or phrase according to th etextbook.1.The Revolution of 1688， which banished the last of the _____ kings， marks the end of the long struggle for political freedom in England.2.Another feature of the age was the rapid development of _________.3.It is simply for convenience that we study 18th century writings in three main divisions：the reign of so-called _____， the revival of _______ poetry， and the beginnings of the _______.4.The philosophy of the nlighteners， though ________ ________ and _________ in its essence，did not exclude senses， or sentiments， as a means of perception and learning.5.The most outstanding figure of English sentimentalism was ________.6.The Tarler and _______ _________ were Steele and Addison’s chief contribution to English literature.7.Robinson Crusoe is largely an ______ ________ ________ story， rather than the study of ______ _______ which Defoe probably intended it to be.8.Gulliver’s adventures begins with ______________， who are so small that Gulliver is a giant among them.9.The poem， which Addison named ______ _______， was hailed throughout England as a great work.10.In the essays of the 16th century， French writer ____ set the model for more familiar，personal and discursive discussion.11.Fielding’s laternove ls are _______________，was inspired by the success of Richardson’s novel Pamela.12.As________， Goldsmith is among the best of the century.13. The greatest of _______ poets is Robert Burns.II. Match the theirs works in column A writers/genres with in column B.⑴1. （） The Deserted Village a. Thomas Gary2. （） The Village b. George Crabble。
英国文学史及选读课件 1 History and Anthology
主要作家及作品选读
D.H.劳伦斯（D.H. Lawrence）：劳伦斯是现 代英国文学的重要作家之一，他的作品以探 讨人性、爱情和性为主题，代表作有《儿子 与情人》（Sons and Lovers）和《查泰莱 夫人的情人》（Lady Chatterley's Lover） 等。
文学特点与影响
文学特点
强调个性、情感、想象力和自然；反对古典主义的规则和约束；寻求新的创作 灵感和表达方式。
对后世影响
浪漫主义文学对后世产生了深远的影响，包括对现代主义、后现代主义等文学 流派的启示；对自然和情感的关注也影响了后来的生态批评和女性主义批评等 文学理论。
06
现代时期英国文学
背景介绍
作品和作家。
提高文学鉴赏能力
02
通过阅读和分析经典文学作品，培养学生的审美意识、文学感
受力和批判思维。
拓展文化视野
03
通过了解英国文学的历史背景、文化内涵和社会意义，增进学
生对英国文化的认识和理解。
英国文学史概述
古代和中世纪文学
包括古希腊罗马文学影响、中世纪宗教文学 和骑士文学等。
文艺复兴时期文学
04
18世纪英国文学
背景介绍
18世纪英国社会变革
文学市场的形成
18世纪的英国经历了工业革命、政治 变革和社会转型，这些变化对文学产 生了深远影响。
随着印刷技术的进步和出版业的发展 ，文学作品得以更广泛地传播，形成 了文学市场。
启蒙运动的影响
启蒙运动的思想家们强调理性、科学 和进步，这些观念在18世纪英国文学 中得到了体现。
英国文学史及选读第一册
英国文学史选读第一册Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1066)The literature: The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions: pagan(异教徒文学) and Christian(基督徒文学)Form: Alliterative verseThe coming of Christianity meant not simply a new life and leader for England; it meant also the wealth of a new language.Caedmon(开德蒙) wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible.The great epic—The Song of Beowulf : The Song of Beowulf can be justly termed England’s national epic and its hero Beowulf—one of the national heroes of the English people.Part II THE ANGLO-NORMAN PERIOD (1066-1350) Background: the Normans headed by William, defeated the Anglo- Saxon.The literature:The literature is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure. English literature is also a combination of French and Saxon language.Literary work: Sir Gawain and the Green KnightTerm explanation:Romance(传奇): Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by aknight. It reflected the spirit of chivalry. The content of romance: love, religion, chivalry. It involves fighting and adventures.Part III GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340?-1400)Geoffrey Chaucer, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatestnarrative poets of England. Chaucer’s creative work vividly reflected the changes which had taken root in English culture of the second half of the14 century.thChaucer chose the metrical form(格律诗) which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllabic verse. And also found the London dialect as the English literary language.Works: The Canterbury TalesTerm explanation:Popular Ballads：The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth line rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families. Bishop Thomas was among the first to take a literary interest in ballads. There are various kinds of ballads: historical, legendary, fantastical, lyrical and humorous. The paramount ballad is Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale .Comments on Robin Hood: Robin Hood is a partly historical and partlylegendary character. The first mention of Robin Hood in literature is in William Langland’s The Vision of Piers, the Plowman.The character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. His hatred for the cruel oppressors is the result of his love for the poor and downtrodden.Works: Robin Hood and Allin-a-DaleGet up and Bar the DoorSir Patrick SpensPART IV THE RENAISSANCE(1485-1603) an age of drama and lyrical poetryThe 16 century in England was a period of the breaking up of feudal threlations and the establishing of the foundations of capitalism.Term explanation:Renaissance:1) renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the14 century to the 17 century. With the development ofth thbourgeois relationships and formation of the English national statethis period is marked by a flourishing of nation culture known asthe Renaissance. The term renaissance originally indicated arevival of classical(Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after thedark ages of medieval obscurantism(蒙昧主义). The greatest ofthe English humanists were Thomas More and William Shakespeare.2) Theme: the expression of secular values with man instead of Godas the center of the universe. It emphasizes the dignity of man, values of man.3) Two major types: drama and lyrical poetry.It affirms the earthly achievement, man’s desire for happiness and pleasure.Works:1. Thomas More: humanist,utopia (give a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.2. Francis Bacon: scientist and philosopher;his works may be divided onto three classes: the philosophical, the literary, and the professionalessays3. Thomas Wyatt: the first to introduce the sonnet into Englishliterature.4. Edmund Spenser: The Fairy Queen5. John Lyly: Eupheus; gave rise to the term “euphuism”,designating an affected style of court speech.6. Christopher Marlowe: the greatest pioneers of English drama;made bland verse the principal vehicle expression in drama.7. Robert Greene: George Green, the Pinner of Wakefield8. William Shakespeare: one of the first founders of realism, amaster hand at realistic portrayal of human characters andrelations.Hamlet ( Hamlet is considered to be thesummit of Shakespeare’s art. The whole tragedy is permeat edwith the spirit of Shakespeare’s own time. Hamlet is theprofoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and hiscriticism of contemporary life.)PART V THE 17 TH CENTURYTHE PERIOD OF REVOLUTION AND RESTORATIONLiterary characteristics in this period:The 17 century was one of the most tempestuous periods in Englishthhistory. The contradictions between the feudal system and the bourgeoisie had reached its peak and resulted in a revolutionary outburst.(1)The Puritan influence:medieval standard of chivalry, the impossible love and romances perished. The Puritans believed in simplicity of life. They disapproved of the sonnets and love poetry. The Bible became now the one book of thepeople.(2) the exaggeration of the “metaphysical” poetsPoetry took new and startling forms. Prose became somber. The spiritual gloom sooner or later fastens upon all the writers of this age. This so- called gloomy age produced some minor poems of exquisite workmanship, and one great master of verse whose work would glorify any age or people---John Milton.(3) The French influence is most marked in the drama.Rimed couplets instead of blank verse;The unities, a more regular construction, and the presentation rather than individual;The comedies are coarse in language and their view of the relations between men and women is immoral and dishonest.(4) restoration created a literature of its own, that was often witty and clever, but on the whole immoral and cynical. The most popular genre was that of comedy those chief aim was to entertain the licentious aristocrats. John Dryden, critic, poet and playwright was the most distinguished literary figure of that time.John Donne:His prose style, involuted and ornate, cumulative and Ciceronian, is one of the more glorious monuments to the spirit of the early seventeenth century.Song (“ Go and Catch a Falling Star”)A Valediction: Forbidding MourningSonnet: Death be not proudJohn Milton: poet, Puritan, fight for human rights; in 1652 became totally blind.Paradise Lost: it is based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race---Adam and Eve, and involves God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot. It presents the author’s views in an allegoric religious form, and the reader will easily discern its basic idea--- the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom.Sonnet: On His Blindness\Sonnet: On His Deceased WifeJohn Bunyan: spiritual independence, gave us the only great allegory. He was imprisoned for preaching without a license.The Pilgrim’s Progress: written in old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.Bunyan speaks in terse, idiomatic prose, and his characters are living men and women.PART VI THE 18 THCENTURY ( an age of prose and novel)THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT IN ENGLANDThe theme: social reality, common people’s life.The enormous amount of eighteenth century writing devoted to transient affairs, to politics, fashions, gossip.Enlightenment: on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the thenprogressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. The problem of man comes to the fore, superseding all other problems in literature.1.Joseph Addison, Richard Steele: the publishers of a moralistic journal The Tatler and The SpectatorThese two magazines are the first important recognitions by literature of the special of the special interests of women readers, and also brought literature down to everyday life and kept it clean and wholesome.The essays and stories of Addison and Steele, devoted not only to social problems, but also to private life and adventures, gave an impetus to thedevelopment of the 18 century novel.thSir Roger是Joseph Addison塑造的经典形象。
英国文学史及作品选读课件Chapter 1The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066)
Anglo-Saxon theologian and historian whose major work, Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation (731), written in Latin, remains an important source of ancient English history. He introduced the method of dating events from the birth of Christ.
(2) King Alfred
Known as “the Great.” (849-899)
King of the West Saxons (871-899), scholar, and lawmaker who repelled the Danes and helped consolidate England into a unified kingdom.
Chapter Ⅰ The Anglo-Saxon Period
(450-1066)
2020/7/16
1
3. Historical background:
(1) The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts;
(2) 43-ca.420 Roman invasion and occupation of Britain
2020/7/16
4
4. King Arthur
The Anglo-Saxon Occupation: The native Britons (Celts) were finally confined to the mountainous region of Wales where the modern form of their language is spoken alongside English to this day. In defeat, the Britons produced a body of stories revolving a legendary ruler called Arthur who had fought heroically against the Anglo-Saxon invaders.
英国文学选读unit1
and Cambridge. In 1357 he the skilled men in the use of weapon, riding
began life aseek adventures.
Two years later he accompanied • Most English romances deal with three major
• Middle English literature and the Canterbury
• Geoffrey Chaucer, the father of Tales
the English poetry was born in • about 1340, of a rich family. His father was a wine merchant. He is said to have studied at Oxford
• The Norman Conquest (1066---1350)
• The Normans invaded England in 1066. They defeated the English troops and William, the Duke of Normandy(诺曼底), was crowned as King of England.
• The poem probably existed in its oral form as early as the 6th century. It was written in the 7th century. Beowulf the hero and his adventures are placed in Denmark and southern Sweden, from which the Anglo-Saxon came. Beowulf, in its remote ideas, allusive(引用典故的) style and story-telling form, towers(超越、胜过) above all other literary works written in Anglo-Saxon, chiefly because it is a powerful poem about a people’s grand hero who is eager to help others in distress(危难、痛苦), is faithful to his people, and is ready to sacrifice his own life for their welfare.
【答案】英国文学史及选读unite1课后习题答案
【答案】英国文学史及选读unite1课后习题答案Unit oneAnglo-Saxon Period 450A.D.~1066Blank Filling1.Literature is writings that are valuede as works of art, as the genres are___fiction______,___drama_______ and _____poetry_________.2.The period of Old English Literature extends from about __450___ to _1066____,the year of the ____Norman conquest of England_________.3.The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two dividions,__pagan______ and christian.4."__Beowulf Background__________" is the oldest poem in the English language,and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.5.In Anglo-Saxon period, "Beowulf" represented the ___pagan_________ poetry.6.The great English epic__Beowulf____ preserved today in Old English,consists of 3183lines. It is acturally a reflection of the life and adventures of _jute_____living on the European continent.7.what are the main characteristics of "The song of Beowulf"Beowulf’s personal characteristics include the heroic traits of loyalty, honor, bravery, faith, and superhuman strength. He demonstrates his sense of honor and his loyalty to Hrothgar by volunteering to kill Grendel and then Grendel’s mother. He proves his bravery by battling these two monsters and, at the end his life, the dragon. His strength can also be seen in these battles,as he rips off Grendel’s arm with his bare hands and holds his breath for a superhuman length of time in Grendel’s mother’s underwater lair. Beowulf demonstrates his faith by giving thanks to God for his victories.1. alliteration2. understatement3. half-historical and half-legendary。
英国文学史及选读1翻译
英国文学史及选读1翻译第一部分：英国文学史概述英国文学拥有悠久的历史，自中世纪晚期开始至今，经历了多个重要时期的发展和变革。
本文档旨在概述英国文学史的主要阶段，并进行部分重要作品的选读翻译。
1. 中世纪文学中世纪文学是英国文学史的起点，主要以教会为中心。
其中最著名的作品之一是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales），由乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）创作于14世纪末。
本书以描绘各式各样的故事和人物为特色，反映了当时社会的面貌。
部分作品翻译示例：•坎特伯雷故事集（精选）–故事一：“骑士故事”（The Knight’s Tale）在古代雅典，有两位骑士为了同样的女性而展开激烈的角逐。
–故事二：“约翰故事”（The Miller’s Tale）一位老蠢材告诉了关于一位受骗的年轻学者和一个花心的妻子的故事。
2. 文艺复兴时期文艺复兴时期是英国文学史上的黄金时期，涌现出许多重要的作家和作品。
莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）是这一时期的代表性人物，他的作品包括戏剧、sonnet 等多种形式。
此外，约翰·密尔顿（John Milton）的《失乐园》（Paradise Lost）也被认为是文艺复兴时期的经典之作。
部分作品翻译示例：•莎士比亚戏剧选读-《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）-《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）-《麦克白》（Macbeth）•约翰·密尔顿《失乐园》（选读）探讨人类起源、罪恶和救赎的叙事诗，描述了亚当和夏娃被逐出伊甸园的故事。
3.18世纪启蒙运动18世纪是英国文学史上启蒙运动的时期，以理性和思想自由为核心。
重要的作家包括弥尔顿（John Milton），斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift）和詹姆斯·麦克菲尔（James Macpherson）。
部分作品翻译示例：•斯威夫特《格列佛游记》（选读）这本小说通过一个航海家的冒险旅程，揭示了社会和政治问题，具有强烈的讽刺意味。
英国文学史及选读chapter 1
from the 9th to 10th centuries.
In late 9th century King Alfred the Great (A.D. 849 – 901?) of the Kingdom of Wessex successfully led the English people in a protracted war against the invading Danes 丹麦人 who were threatening to overrun the whole country. The invaders were repulsed 击退 and gradually all the kingdoms in England were united into one.
During their rule the Romans built roads, walls, garrisons 要塞, villas 附有地产的乡间宅 第或庄园, etc., and the Celts became either slaves or unfree cultivators耕者 of the land. Then in early 5th century, as the Germanic 日 耳曼民族的 races attacked and overran侵占 the Roman Empire, the Roman garrisons 守 备部队 in Britain withdrew.
英国文学史及作品选读 Chapter 1
(2) Alfred the Great Known as “the Great.” (849-899) King of the West Saxons (871-899), scholar, and lawmaker who repelled the Danes and helped consolidate England into a unified kingdom. King Alfred’s contribution to English literature: 3 aspects.
of the Anglo-Saxon period. It is the best monument of the Old English pr7. Anglo-Saxon Poetry
The two poetic features of old English poetry: 1. Alliteration: The repetition of the same consonant sounds or of different vowel sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables. 2. Kenning: A figurative, usually compound expression used in place of a name or noun, especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry; for example, “storm of swords” is a kenning for battle and “he whale-road” or “the swan road” for the sea.
英国文学史及选读第一册Lecture1 beowulf——chaucer
Ⅳ Literary terms : Epic (or Heroic Poetry)
-- It is, originally , an oral narrative poem, majestic both in theme and style. -- With legendary or historical events of national or universal significance. -- Examples include the ancient Greek epics by the poet Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey. (《伊利亚特》 和 《伊利亚特》 奥德赛》 《奥德赛》)
Old English Quiz
Q: What great warrior defeated Grendal? A. Hrothgar B. Caedmon C. Beowulf D. Bede
After-class Assignment
PREVIEW Job for Next Week:
--- The chief effects of Norman Conquest;
Ⅱ General Knowledge About Beowulf Theme: the heroic deeds of old time; a hero killing monsters (Grendel, a monster (Grendel, halfhalf-human, Grendel’s mother and a firefirebreathing dragon )to make the world safe for people Main Characters: Beowulf (a glorious hero, a savior of the people)and monsters Rhyme: Alliteration Comments: -- The very beginning of English poetry; -- World classics as Odyssey
英国文学史及选读第一册
英国文学史选读第一册Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1066)The literature: The literature of this period falls naturally into two divisions: pagan(异教徒文学) and Christian(基督徒文学)Form: Alliterative verseThe coming of Christianity meant not simply a new life and leader for England; it meant also the wealth of a new language.Caedmon(开德蒙) wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible.The great epic—The Song of Beowulf : The Song of Beowulf can be justly termed England’s national epic and its hero Beowulf—one of the national heroes of the English people.Part II THE ANGLO-NORMAN PERIOD (1066-1350) Background: the Normans headed by William, defeated the Anglo-Saxon.The literature:The literature is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure. English literature is also a combination of French and Saxon language.Literary work:Sir Gawain and the Green KnightTerm explanation:Romance(传奇): Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by aknight. It reflected the spirit of chivalry. The content of romance: love, religion, chivalry. It involves fighting and adventures.Part III GEOFFREY CHAUCER (1340?-1400)Geoffrey Chaucer, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England. Chaucer’s creative work vividly reflected the changes which had taken root in English culture of the second half of the 14th century.Chaucer chose the metrical form(格律诗) which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllabic verse. And also found the London dialect as the English literary language.Works:The Canterbury TalesTerm explanation:Popular Ballads：The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth line rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families. Bishop Thomas was among the first to take a literary interest in ballads. There are various kinds of ballads: historical, legendary, fantastical, lyrical and humorous. The paramount ballad is Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale .Comments on Robin Hood: Robin Hood is a partly historical and partlylegendary character. The first mention of Robin Hood in literature is in William Langland’s The Vision of Piers, the Plowman.The character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. His hatred for the cruel oppressors is the result of his love for the poor and downtrodden.Works:Robin Hood and Allin-a-DaleGet up and Bar the DoorSir Patrick SpensPART IV THE RENAISSANCE(1485-1603) an age of drama and lyrical poetryThe 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up of feudal relations and the establishing of the foundations of capitalism.Term explanation:Renaissance:1)renaissance was a cultural movement that spanned roughly the14th century to the 17th century. With the development ofbourgeois relationships and formation of the English national statethis period is marked by a flourishing of nation culture known asthe Renaissance. The term renaissance originally indicated arevival of classical(Greek and Roman) arts and sciences after thedark ages of medieval obscurantism(蒙昧主义). The greatest ofthe English humanists were Thomas More and William Shakespeare.2)Theme: the expression of secular values with man instead of Godas the center of the universe. It emphasizes the dignity of man, values of man.3)Two major types: drama and lyrical poetry.It affirms the earthly achievement, man’s desire for happiness and pleasure.Works:1.Thomas More: humanist,utopia (give a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.2.Francis Bacon: scientist and philosopher;his works may be divided onto three classes: the philosophical, the literary, and the professionalessays3.Thomas Wyatt: the first to introduce the sonnet into Englishliterature.4.Edmund Spenser: The Fairy Queen5.John Lyly:Eupheus; gave rise to the term “euphuism”,designating an affected style of court speech.6.Christopher Marlowe: the greatest pioneers of English drama;made bland verse the principal vehicle expression in drama.7.Robert Greene: George Green, the Pinner of Wakefield8.William Shakespeare: one of the first founders of realism, amaster hand at realistic portrayal of human characters andrelations.Hamlet(Hamlet is considered to be the summit of Shakespeare’s art. The whole tragedy is permeated withthe spirit of Shakespeare’s own time. Hamlet is the profoundestexpression of Shakespeare’s humanism and his criticism ofcontemporary life.)PART V THE 17TH CENTURYTHE PERIOD OF REVOLUTION AND RESTORATION Literary characteristics in this period:The 17th century was one of the most tempestuous periods in English history. The contradictions between the feudal system and the bourgeoisie had reached its peak and resulted in a revolutionary outburst.(1)The Puritan influence:medieval standard of chivalry, the impossible love and romances perished. The Puritans believed in simplicity of life. They disapproved of the sonnets and love poetry. The Bible became now the one book of thepeople.(2) the exaggeration of the “metaphysical” poetsPoetry took new and startling forms. Prose became somber. The spiritual gloom sooner or later fastens upon all the writers of this age. This so-called gloomy age produced some minor poems of exquisite workmanship, and one great master of verse whose work would glorify any age or people---John Milton.(3) The French influence is most marked in the drama.Rimed couplets instead of blank verse;The unities, a more regular construction, and the presentation rather than individual;The comedies are coarse in language and their view of the relations between men and women is immoral and dishonest.(4) restoration created a literature of its own, that was often witty and clever, but on the whole immoral and cynical. The most popular genre was that of comedy those chief aim was to entertain the licentious aristocrats. John Dryden, critic, poet and playwright was the most distinguished literary figure of that time.John Donne:His prose style, involuted and ornate, cumulative and Ciceronian, is one of the more glorious monuments to the spirit of the early seventeenth century.Song (“ Go and Catch a Falling Star”)A Valediction: Forbidding MourningSonnet: Death be not proudJohn Milton: poet, Puritan, fight for human rights; in 1652 became totally blind.Paradise Lost:it is based on the biblical legend of the imaginary progenitors of the human race---Adam and Eve, and involves God and his eternal adversary, Satan in its plot.It presents the author’s views in an allegoric religious form, and the reader will easily discern its basic idea---the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom.Sonnet: On His Blindness\Sonnet: On His Deceased WifeJohn Bunyan: spiritual independence, gave us the only great allegory. He was imprisoned for preaching without a license.The Pilgrim’s Progress: written in old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.Bunyan speaks in terse, idiomatic prose, and his characters are living men and women.PART VI THE 18TH CENTURY ( an age of prose and novel)THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT IN ENGLANDThe theme: social reality, common people’s life.The enormous amount of eighteenth century writing devoted to transient affairs, to politics, fashions, gossip.Enlightenment: on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. The problem of man comes to the fore, superseding all other problems in literature.1.J oseph Addison, Richard Steele: the publishers of a moralistic journal The Tatler and The SpectatorThese two magazines are the first important recognitions by literature of the special of the special interests of women readers, and also brought literature down to everyday life and kept it clean and wholesome.The essays and stories of Addison and Steele, devoted not only to social problems, but also to private life and adventures, gave an impetus to the development of the 18th century novel.Sir Roger是Joseph Addison塑造的经典形象。
英国文学史及选读1
英国文学史及选读11.H istorical BackgroundCelts 400B.C. Romans 50B.C. Anglo―Saxons 450A.D Norman Invasion 1066A.D. Roman empire从albion撤军，teutonic tribes(包括angles, Saxons,jutes)（条顿人or日耳曼人）陆续登陆此地。
2. Literature 1,pagan异教徒文学2 christian基督徒文学alliterative verse头韵诗Epic: Beowulf贝奥武甫（Denmark背景）（the hall heorot 鹿兀grendel:a monster half-human）1) Oral origin, recited in court, handed down in generations until finally it was recorded by certain poet.上下部分由pagan写，插入由christian写。
2) a mixture of history and legend.，england’s nationalepic 民国史诗诺曼时期1.H istorical BackgroundRoman conquest,接着是english conquest，最后是norman conquest。
The Norman Conquest in 1066Duke William of Normandy claimed himself William I, King of England.（the battle of hastings希斯廷战役）Kings―Barons男爵―Knights, a feudal system of hierarchy统治集团was formed。
2.T he language3.The literatureRomance was a type of literature that was very popularin the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by a knight.It reflected the spirit of chivalry骑士制度. The content of romance: love, chivalry and religion. It involves fighting, adventures.Subject matter:Geoffrey’s History杰弗里《史记》，riming chronicles押韵编年史，metricalverse格律诗体，doggerel verse打油诗体1)t he Matter of France eg. Charlemagne and his peers查理曼大帝和他的骑士2)M atter of Greece and Rome eg Akexabder亚历山大大帝3)M atter of Britain tales having for their heroes Arthurand his knights of the Round Table3.m ain literatureSir Gawain and the green knight.高文爵士和绿衣骑士（arthur，gawain,green knight, morgain the fay-woman妖精摩根, the green girdle绿腰带）Part III Geoffrey Chaucer (1340―1400)杰弗里.乔叟时期1.H istorical BackgroundThe English won, they controlled large French territory领土. The Henry VI lost it all. He is father of English poetry War of the Roses 1455-1485 AD。
英国文学史及选读第一册unit1
From The Great Gatsby
• For a moment he looked at me as if he failed to understand. • “I’m Gatsby,” he said suddenly. • “What!” I exclaimed. “Oh, I beg your pardon.” • “I thought you knew, old sport. I’m afraid I’m not a very good host.”
About 449, a band of Teutons (the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons) landed on the Isle of Thanet.
The aboriginal Celtic population was driven westward.
• 他认为，模仿诗人往往只是模仿人性中的 情感部分，而不是理性部分，迎奉人性中 的无理性部分。因此诗人是迎奉人的快感 为业。所以认为这个诗人是危险人物。 • Pleasure and illumination
• What’s the function of literature? • Entertain, educate, know
• Characteristic: use of alliteration, in vigorous, picturesque language, with heavy use of metaphor
Beowulf
• • • • Of men was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. Then the Goth’s people reared a mighty pile With shields and amour hung, as he had asked,
英国文学作品选读1.what is literature
It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature.- Henry James
精品文档
Literature: quotations
Develop an interest in life as you see it; the people, things, literature, music — the world is so rich, simply throbbing with rich treasures, beautiful souls and interesting people. Forget yourself. — —Henry Miller
精品文档
Literature may consist of texts based on factual information (journalistic or non-fiction), a category that may also include biography and reflective essays, or it may consist of texts based on imagination (such as fiction, poetry, or drama).
A. George Bernard Shaw B. W. B. Yeats C. Dylan Thomas D. T.S. Eliot
精品文档
Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury
新编英国文学选读(上册)翻译
英国文学史（上册）第一章安格鲁—撒克逊时期（450—1066）1.历史背景不列颠群岛最早的居民是凯尔特人，他们最初居住在莱茵河上游地区，大约在公元前600年，他们移居到了不列颠群岛。
在大约公元前400到公元前300年时，凯尔特人的一个分支——布立吞人，来到了不列颠群岛，“不列颠”这个名字便是由他们所取。
凯尔特人的文化属于铁器文化的早期阶段，他们知道如何铸造铁剑和种植庄稼。
关于他们的信仰，我们所知甚少，但是我们能了解到他们五月节的宗教典礼和槲寄生（一种植物）的祭奠仪式，这些已经成为英国人民民族传统的一部分。
从公元前55年到公元407年，不列颠群岛在罗马帝国的统治之下。
那时，罗马帝国是奴隶社会，它统治了整个欧洲，并且有很高的文明水平。
罗马人打败了凯尔特人，成为了不列颠群岛的主人，伦敦就是在罗马人的统治时期内建成的。
第一个来到不列颠的罗马将领是著名的尤里乌斯.凯撒，公元55年，在他取得高卢战役的胜利后，带领一万名士兵跨过英吉利海峡来到那里。
但是他只在哪儿待了几个星期，虽然他在第二年又来到了不列颠，他并没有在岛上驻扎军队，因为他当时正忙于平息欧洲大陆的叛乱，还有罗马帝国的内战。
在罗马人对不列颠扩大征服之前，就这样过去了一个世纪。
罗马人统治了不列颠三个半世纪，他们筑寺庙、修大路、砌城墙、建军营，但是，对凯尔特人的文化生活却影响不大。
他们建成了四、五十个城邑，如今无论何时，如果你在英国听到一个城镇的名字是以“切斯特”或“卡斯特”结尾的，那么毫无疑问，它一定是坐落在一个罗马军队曾经的屯兵之地上。
因为这样的词来源于拉丁语“卡斯楚”，它的意思是“要塞、堡垒”。
大部分我们所知道的罗马统治时期的不列颠，都来源于凯撒的《高卢战记》，和普布里乌斯・克奈里乌斯・塔西佗的《日耳曼尼亚志》。
大约公元450年，大批的安格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人入侵不列颠群岛，他们定居在英格兰，把凯尔特人赶往威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰等周边地区。
安格鲁人和撒克逊人是日耳曼部落，他们占据着易北河的两岸，也就是现在丹麦和德国的地方，这两个部族之间的语言也大致相同。
英国文学上册Unit One The Abglo-Saxon Period
How do we know when something is literature?
Would it be easier to ask “what isn't literature”?
Literature is as literature does.
Does it really matter what “literature” is?
Does everyone have to agree?
What purposes does literature serve?
What distinguishes literature from nonliterary works?
The term also implies literary quality and distinction, concerned with finding beauty, an elevated use of language, emotional effects and moral sentiments.
Text - the linguistic structure Work - the whole product
when we refer to something as a “text”, we mean its linguistic structure or the signs that convey meaning and allow interpretation.
It both reflects ideology and changes ideology, just like it follows generic conventions as well as changing them.
英国文学史及选读课件 1 History and Anthology
epic
• An extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero. • 史诗：用严肃或庄重的语言写成的叙事 长诗，歌颂传奇中或历史上英雄的丰功 伟绩
Literary genres体裁
Fiction (narrative fiction叙述虚构 ): novel, novella中篇小说, short story, myth, parable 寓言, romance, epic史诗 Poetry images, sound, figurative language Drama Poetic form → daily language Nonfiction非小说类散文文学 prose散文 : news report, feature articles, text-books, historical and biographical works
• d. significance: Beowulf towers above高于，优于 all other literary works Anglo-Saxon period chiefly because it is a powerful poem about a people’s hero written in true epic style.
A. D. 43
Romans Conquest (Claudius)
Romans/Celts
A Roman Province
1. The formation of Britain:
Time main events names of population names of Britain
英国文学Unit1Chaucer共66页文档
1455 C.E. Printing
Press
476 C.E. Fall of Rome
306 C.E. Constantine comes to power in Eastern Roman Empire; beginning of Byzantine Empire
Beowulf Composed sometime
– Medieval manor people (Miller, Reeve 城镇（或地区） 长官 )
– Mercantile class (Shipman, Merchant) – Guildsmen (Haberdasher男子服饰经销商；杂货商，
Dyer, etc.) – Laborer (Plowman)
verses with few variations. Chaucer introduced from • CFrhaanucceetrhies rthheymfiresdt gstraenazt apsoeotf wvahroiowursottyepiensthtoeEcunrgrleisnht
Eponegtlrisyhtolarnegpulaacgee.it.HIins TphroedCucatniotenrbouf rsyoTmaluecsh, heexcellent peomeptrloyyiesdanheimropicorctoaunpt lfeatcwtoirthintreusetaebalsisehainngdEcnhgalrismhfaosr tthhee fliitresrtatrimy elainngtuhaegheisotfotrhyeocfoEunngtrliys.hAlnitderhaetumrea. de the dialect of London the foundation for Modern English
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。