宾语从句总结归纳精华

宾语从句总结归纳精华集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

宾语从句总结（精华）一、宾语从句的概念

宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。

eg.Weknow MrGreenteachesEnglish.

Sheasked iftheseanswerswereright.

二、宾语从句三要素

引导词（连接词）

语序

时态

*引导词:1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句

3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句

(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:

注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略

e.g.

Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.

Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.

Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.

(2)由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句

if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在

ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。

1.Iwanttoknow if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.

2.Askhim whether(if)hecancome.

3.Iwonder whetheritisgoingtorainornot.

4.Couldyoutellme whether(if)MrLiliveshere.

注：只能用whether不能用if的情况如下:

1.在介词后面：

I’mthinking of whether weshouldgofishing.

Weareworried about whether itwillraintomorrow.

2.在动词不定式前：

Theyaskedme whether togoskating.

3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:

Idon’tknow whether he’sfree ornot.

Maryasked whether Iwasdoingmyhomework ornot.

Tellme whether you’dliketogoshopping or tidytheroom.

4.宾语从句提前时：

Whether thisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.

（3）由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从

代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。

1.Heasked whocouldanswerthequestion.

2.Doyouknow whomtheyarewaitingfor?

3.Heasked whosebikewasthebestintheclass.

4.Doyouknow whenwe’llhaveameeting?

5.Pleasetellme whereheis.

6.Canyoutellme howIcangettothestation?

7.Couldyoutell mewhythetrainislate?

*语序：陈述句语序

即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Doyouremember_________(他多大岁数)?当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：

What’swrong?What’sthematter?

What’shappening?Whathappened?

eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.

Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?

*时态：

1、主句用一般现在时，现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在”范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。

I want toknowwhattimehe gotupthismorning.

He will tellusthathe hasbeenable tolookafterhimself.

They aresaying thattheyreally like thiscity.

2、主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。

Kate said there was aboxunderthedesk.

They asked whathe wasdoing then.

She asked whetherI hadseen her before.

3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在

时。

Dadtoldusthatit is bettertodothantosay. Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthree is six.

Hetoldmetheearth moves aroundthesun.

4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。

Theteachertoldmeshe was bornin1960.

三、由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句:

专项训练：

1.Wheredidsheputhercar?Doyouknow?

Doyouknow wheresheput hercar?

2.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.

Thegirlwondered whathe often talked about.

3.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.

Idon’tknow whoknocked atthedoorsoloudly.

4.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.

Idon'tknow if hestill lives inthatstreet.

5.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.

Pleasetellme whenthetrainarrives

6.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.

Heaskedtheboys if they wanted friedchicken.