英语语法形容词和副词
高中英语语法系列――形容词和副词
高中英语语法系列――形容词和副词[知识梳理]一、形容词的概念与用法形容词(adjective)用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。
它可在句中充当定语,修饰名词、代词;可以作表语或宾(主)语的补足语,表示主语或宾语的状态、特征;有时也可以作状语。
如:This is a beautiful school.这是一所美丽的学校。
(作定语,修饰名词school)I have something important to tell you.我有些重要的事要告诉你们。
(作定语,修饰不定代词something)Our school is beautiful.我们学校很美丽。
(作表语)We’ll make our school more beautiful.我们要使我们的学校更美丽。
(作宾补)Our school will be made more beautiful.我们的学校将会变得更美丽。
(作主补)He got home late that night, hungry and tired.那天晚上他很迟才回来,又累又饿。
(作状语)二、副词的概念与用法副词(adverb)用以修饰动词、形容词或其它副词。
它在句中主要作状语,个别副词也可作表语、定语、或宾(主)语补足语。
He studies hard.他学习很努力。
(作状语,修饰动词)I’m terribly sorry for being late. 非常抱歉,我迟到了。
(作状语,修饰形容词)This coat fits him very well.这件上衣他穿着很合适。
(作状语,修饰副词)The people here are kind to us.这里的人对我们很好。
(作定语,修饰The people)When will you be back? 你什么时候回来?(作表语)三、形容词与副词的转换有的形容词加上ly后可转换成副词,规则如下:注意:friendly, motherly, lovely等词虽然以ly结尾,但不是副词,而是形容词。
高中英语语法—形容词、副词
例题
1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案点拨:C 由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新 旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序 只有C符合答案。
2、+ed
excite—excited worry—worried surprise—surprised close—closed interest—interested frighten—frightened
3、+ing
interest—interesting excite—exciting surprise—surprising follow—following
4、+y 所有表示天气状况的的形容词
sun—sunny snow—snowy wind—windy rain-rainy cloud—cloudy health—healthy
5、+ en
wool-woolen wood--wooden
6、+ern (东西南北)
east--eastern south-southern west--western north--northern
多个形容词做定语时的排列顺序:
在不确定的时候,可参照如下口诀: 美小圆旧黄,法国木书房 注释:美——描述性质;小——大小、长短、 高矮胖瘦 旧——新旧、年龄 圆——形状;黄——颜色;法国——产地、 国籍;木——材料;书房——用途 a new red silk cap一顶红色新丝帽 a short young Japanese businessman
中考英语语法---形容词和副词
中考英语语法---形容词和副词一、形容词和副词用法形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词或形容词。
需要注意的是感官动词的后面用形容词,例如:look, taste, sound, smell, feel等。
1、形容词变副词,大部分的形容词加ly变副词。
如:形容词副词quick+ly quicklyslow+ly slowlyquiet+ly quietlyhappy+ly happilycareful+ly carefully注意:1)并不是以ly结尾的单词都是副词,名词+ly可变成形容词。
如:名词形容词friend + ly friendly 朋友般的love + ly lovely 可爱的sister + ly sisterly 姐妹般的2)有些名词+y可以变成形容词。
如:名词形容词rain + y rainy 下雨的snow + y snowy 下雪的cloud + y cloudy 阴天的salt + y salty 咸的sand + y sandy 有沙的fog + y foggy 雾的wind + y windy 有风的( ) 1.–What’s up, Simon? You didn’t look very____ .-- The customers always prefer Debbie ____ me. I can’t understand it.A. happily, withB. pleased, forC. happy, toD. happy, at( ) 2. "A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the policeman _______.A. serious, seriousB. seriously, seriouslyC. seriously, seriousD. serious, seriously( ) 3. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so .A. wellB. niceC. wonderfullyD. nicely( ) 4.—Oh. I’m hungry. Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate?—No. It tastes .A. terriblyB. terribleC. goodD. well( ) 5.—What do you think of your English teacher?—I love her. She is really . She always has a smile on her face.A. outgoingB. funnyC. friendlyD. serious( )6.---Why don’t you like pigs, Molly?---Because they are ______ .A. cuteB. uglyC. smartD. friendly2、副词区分a. late 与lately late意思是"晚";lately 意思是"最近" 例如:You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?b. hard与hardly hard 表示努力地/的hardly表示―几乎不‖例如:he works hard. I can hardly finish it in a week.c. close与closely close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地" 例如:He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.d. deep与deeply deep意思是"深"表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地" 例如:He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the movie.e. high与highly high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much 例如The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.f. wide与widely wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方" 例如:He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.( ) 1 Mingming got up very _______,so he came to school half an hour ______.te; latelyB. lately; lateC. lately; latelyD. late; late二、形容词与副词的原级、比较级和最高级1、形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。
英语语法之形容词和副词
形容词和副词一、形容词和副词的作用1.形容词(adj.)修饰名词形容词(adj.)修饰名词时,有两种位置:1紧挨着被修饰的名词,做定语。
例:This is a wonderful world.(形容词wonderful修饰名词world)We are now living in a beautiful new house.(形容词beautiful和new修饰名词house)2置于系动词之后,做表语。
例:Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable.(形容词warm和comfortable修饰名词sleeping bags)2.副词(adv.)修饰动词、句子、其他的形容词或副词例:Roy acted quickly.(副词quickly修饰动词act)Suddenly,one of the children kicked a ball.(副词suddenly修饰整个句子)It rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.(1.副词continually修饰动词rain;2.副词bitterly修饰形容词cold)The students from elite universities catch up very quickly.(1.副词quickly修饰动词catch up;2.副词very修饰另一个副词quickly)备注:一般情况下,形容词后加“ly”,就变成对应的副词。
例如:happy-happi ly、angry-angri ly、rude-rude ly。
例:生气的男孩生气地喊。
→The angry boy shouted angrily.二、形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级分为:1)最高级(最...)2)比较级(更...)3)原级比较(一样...)1.形容词/副词的最高级:the+adj./adv.的最高级(+介词短语,表示比较的范围)“(...范围内)最...”,通常用于三者或以上的比较例:My younger sister is the tallest one in her class.(最高级变化形式:adj./adv.+est)The most serious problem of the project is the lack of power.(最高级变化形式:adj./adv.前加the most)注意:the+adj./adv.的最高级(+in+地点、场所)the+adj./adv.的最高级(+of+比较的对象)例:He is the tallest in our class.He is the tallest of all the students.练习:1)Which is the longest river____the world?2)This is the finest picture____them all.3)This stereo is the most expensive____all the ones in the shop.4)He is the best boxer____our town.答案:in;of;of;in2.形容词/副词的比较级:adj./adv.的比较级(+than+比较的对象)“(和...相比)更...”通常用于两者之间的比较例:I am taller than you.(比较级变化形式:adj./adv.+er)Air tickets are more expensive than train tickets.(比较级变化形式:adj./adv.前加more)Sometimes machines can perform better than human beings.(good比较级的不规则变化:better)注意:比较的对象要一致。
英语语法:形容词、副词
三.形容词、副词A.形容词:大部分既可做表语,也可做定语。
1.只做表语的形容词(afraid, alive, ahead, alone, alike, asleep. Awake, aware, ashamed. Akin, well, content, sorry, glad, lit, proof, etc.) eg.: The children were asleep at 7, but now they are awake.2.只做定语的形容词(outer, golden, former, latter, little, daily, weekly, right, inner, spare, live, elder, etc.) eg.: In former times people lit their homes by gas, not electricity. The latter is considered safer.3.名词化的形容词:“the + adj.”表示一类人或事,无复数形式,指人时表示复数,指物或抽象概念,表示整体,当第三人称单数对待。
eg.The homeless have no money to buy what they need. The good in him outweighs the bad.4.形容词的位置:一般在名词前,不定代词后,但a-开头的形容词必须后置(替代定语从句),形容词短语后置,-able/ -ible结尾的形容词前后均可(有最高级或only修饰时后置)。
eg.This is a very important meeting.Anyone intelligent can understand it. That is the greatest difficulty imaginable.He was the only person (that was) awake when the earthquake happened.I doubt whether we can complete our contract in the time available (=in the available time).A man (who is) so difficult to please must be hard to work with.5.前置与后置意思不同的形容词:concerned: 1) The doctor concerned is on holiday. 2) The concerned doctor rang for an ambulance.proper: 1) This is a proper question. 2) The question proper has not been answered.present: 1) the present member 2) the member presentresponsible: 1) the responsible man 2) the man responsible6.多个形容词的排列顺序:限定词→一般描绘性→表大小、形状→表年龄、新旧→表色彩→表国籍、地区、出处→表物质材料→表用途、类别→名词eg.:a few new major urban highways a pair of beautiful little Russian riding boots7.区分下列易混淆的形容词:alone/ lonely/ lone alive/ living/ live clean/ clearconsiderate/ considerable continual/ continuous comical/ comicdesirable/ desirous dead/ deadly/ deathly distinct/ distinctiveeconomical/ economic electronic/ electric/ electrical efficient/ effectivehard/ hardly/ hardy healthful/ healthy historical/ historichonorary/ honorable imaginary/ imaginable/ imaginative immortal/ immoralindustrial/ industrious intelligent/ intelligible intensive/ intensivelike/ alike/ likely popular/ populous practical/ practicable respectable/ respectful/ respective sensitive/ sensible successful/ successive uninterested/ disinterested valueless/ worthless/ valuable/ invaluable/ pricelessB.副词:可修饰动词、形容词和副词,以及介词短语和句子,作状语。
小学英语语法——形容词与副词知识点讲解+练习
形容词和副词一、形容词、副词概述1、形容词定义:形容词(adjective),简称adj,用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。
2、副词定义:副词(adverb),简称adv,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,表示时间、频率、范围、语气、程度等。
二、形容词、副词考点纵览三、综合练习( ) 1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____ voice.A. a betterB. a bestC. the betterD. the best ( ) 2. She looks very _____ but I can’t remember her name.A. similarB. familiarC. friendlyD. strange ( ) 3. Children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____.A. sad; sadB. sadly; sadlyC. sad; sadlyD. sadly; sad( ) 4. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _______ house in the forest.A. wooden pretty littleB. little pretty woodenC. pretty little woodenD. wooden little pretty( ) 5. ---Which team is _______ to win the game?---I don’t know, but I’ve found _______ for ours to win.A. probable; it unlikelyB. likely; it possibleC. possible; it possibleD. likely; it possibly( ) 6. With the development of the Internet, _______ communication is done by regular mail.A. lessB. moreC. littleD. few( ) 7. ---If you don’t like the red coat, take the blue one.---OK, but do you have ______ size in blue? This one’s a bit tight for me.A. a bigB. a biggerC. the bigD. the bigger( ) 8. If there were no examinations, we should have ______ at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier time( ) 9. This dress is prettier, but it costs ______ that one.A. twice more thanB. twice as much asC. as much twice asD. twice so much as( ) 10.________students are required to take part in the boat race.A. Ten strong young ChineseB. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strongD. Young strong ten Chinese( ) 11. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ____to carry all the way home.A. much too heavyB. too much heavyC. heavy too muchD. too heavy much( ) 12. Our neighbor has ________ours.A. as a big house asB. as big a house asC. the same big house asD. a house the same big as( ) 13. We were in ________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.A. a rush so anxiousB. a such anxious rushC. so an anxious rushD. such an anxious rush( ) 14. ---I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.---You can never be ________careful in the street.A. muchB. veryC. soD. too( ) 15. ---You don’t look very ________.Are you ill?---No,I’m just a bit tired.A. goodB. wellC. strongD. healthy( ) 16. Four of Robert’s children were at the party,including ________, Luke.A. the eldestB. an oldest oneC. the oldD. an old one( ) 17. Many students signed up for the ________race in the sports meeting to be held next week.A. 800-metre-longB. 800-metres-longC. 800 metre lengthD. 800 metres length( ) 18. It’s always difficult being in a foreign country,________if you don’t speak the language.A. extremelyB. naturallyC. basicallyD. especially。
高中英语语法-形容词和副词
quick、fast与soon: quick往往指反应速度快, fast往往指运动速度快, soon则表示时间上很快即将发生: After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school. A train is much faster than a bus. His father will be back to China very soon.
Tony is going camping with ______ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
答案:C. 由\“限定词--数词--描绘
One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 年龄+国家+材料。
(3) tall与high: Tall 指身高的高度,用于人和动物, 反义词为 short He is very short/tall. High 指物体的高度,另可形容价格,质量等, 反义词为low The kite is flying very high. Tall和high都可用来指tree, building, tower等, 但mountain只能用high形容。
1.Chinese, glass, a, beautiful, table a beautiful Chinese glass table 2.wonderful, my, garden, new, large my wonderful large new garden 3. a, round, table, small a small round table 4. a, old, dirty, brown shirt a dirty old brown shirt
高中英语语法讲解--形容词和副词
这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:
以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest
的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest
以- le结尾的双 able(有能力的) abler ablest
音节词只加-r,-st
以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错) He is an ill man.
(对) The man is ill.
(错) She is an afraid girl.
答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside.
4. 形容词和副词
4.1 形容词及其用法
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常, 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
语法知识形容词与副词
语法知识形容词与副词语法知识:形容词与副词形容词和副词是英语语法中常用的两类词性,它们在句子中起着修饰名词或动词的作用。
形容词主要用于修饰名词,描述名词的特征和性质,而副词主要用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,描述它们的程度、方式、时间等。
一、形容词形容词是用来描述名词的词性,它可以给出名词的属性、特征或状态。
在句子中,形容词通常位于名词之前,用来修饰名词。
1. 形容词的用法形容词可以用来表示名词的颜色、形状、大小、品质、国籍等特征。
例如:- a beautiful flower(一朵美丽的花)- a big house(一座大房子)- a red apple(一个红苹果)2. 形容词的比较级和最高级形容词可以通过在词尾加上-er来表示比较级,加上-est来表示最高级。
此外,有些形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,需要记忆。
例如:- tall(高)- taller(更高)- tallest(最高)- good(好)- better(更好)- best(最好)3. 形容词的位置形容词通常放在名词前面,但有时也可以放在名词后面。
例如:- a beautiful girl(一个漂亮的女孩)- a girl beautiful(一个漂亮的女孩)二、副词副词是一类用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词性。
它可以表示时间、地点、方式、程度等含义。
1. 副词的用法副词可以用来修饰动词,表示动作发生的方式、频率、时间等。
例如:- He speaks slowly.(他说话慢慢地)- She always arrives on time.(她总是准时到达)副词还可用来修饰形容词,表示程度或程度的变化。
例如:- The weather is very hot today.(今天天气非常热)- She is quite tall.(她很高)2. 副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级形式通常在词尾加上-er和-est,但也有一些不规则变化的副词。
英语语法——形容词与副词
1)本身就是副词,如 now 现在,there 那里,rather 颇。 2)由形容词加词尾-1y 变来,如 firmly 坚决地,happi1y 幸福地。 3)与形容词同形 early adj. 早的 early adv. 早 high adj. 高的 high adv. 高高地 long adj. 长的,长久的 long adv. 长久地
[注一] 汉语可以说"昆明的气候比兰州好"。英语必须加 that,译为:
The climate of Kunming is better than that of Lanzhou.
[注二]英语比较级常译作"较…"、"…一些"等,但不等于汉语的"更…"。汉语的"更…"须用
"still"或"even"来表示如: This book is even more difficult than that one.这本书比那本书更难。
[注三] 有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如:
right, wrong,woolen,wooden. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good 好 we11 好,健康的 better best bad 坏,差 worse worst many 多 more most much 多 little 小,少 1ess 1east far 远 farther,further farthest,furthest 形容词前如加 1ess 和 least,则表示"较不"和"最不"。如: interesting 有趣 difficult 难 less interesting 较无趣 less difficult 较不难 least interesting 最无趣 leas difficult 最不难
小学英语语法副词形容词
一、形容词、副词的词形区别形容词=名词+y / ly / ous / ive / fulEg:wind+y=windy;love+ly=lovely;danger+ous=dangerous;expense+ive=expensive;care+ful=careful副词=形容词+lyEg:careful+ly=carefully二、形容词、副词用法区别记忆口诀:形名动副系形副形1、形名——形容词修饰名词Eg:a young girl2、动副——副词修饰动词Eg:run quickly3、系形——系动词后面跟形容词Eg:is lovely4、副形:副词修饰形容词Eg:very good三、形容词如何的排序?有一个房间,有很多的修饰限定词,如何给它们排序?按照如下顺序:美丑-大小-形状-新旧-颜色-国籍-材质-用途记忆口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房A beautiful small round old yellow French wooden study room四、形副同形词有哪些?1、Well形容词性意思:身体好的副词性意思:好地2、Fast形容词性意思:快的副词性意思:快地3、Early形容词性意思:早的副词性意思:早早地4、Hard形容词性意思:难的,硬的副词性意思:勤奋地衍生词:Hardly 几乎不5、Late形容词性意思:晚的副词性意思:晚地衍生词:Lately 最近6、Near形容词性意思:近的副词性意思:近地衍生词:Nearly 几乎7、High形容词性意思:高的副词性意思:高地衍生词:Highly 高度地五、比较级和最高级词的比较级和最高级变化规则。
小学英语语法 形容词副词
腾飞辅导中心小学英语语法(第22期)第三讲形容词和副词Name Mark★重点讲解一、形容词:形容词是用来修饰物体的形状、大小、长度、属性、特点的词。
1.一般位于名词前,做“ 前置定语” 。
I have a busy day. 我忙了一天。
She is a famous scientist.2.放在be动词的后面,被称为“ 系表结构” 。
如:He is clever. She is beautiful.3.当几个形容词或形容词和名词同时修饰一个名词时,必须按照正确的排列顺序,即:大小--- 形状--- 颜色--- 质地。
如:a big yellow banana a white round stone bench4.表示国籍的几个形容词,还可以用作名词,但意义上有所区别。
如:a Chinese /Japanese boy speak Chinese / Japanese5.形容词修饰不定代词something, anything等时,需要置于其后。
如:I have something important to tell you.There is something wrong with you.二、副词:是说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。
1.副词的分类时间副词如:now, usually, often, always, sometime, yesterday等。
地点副词如:here, there, everywhere等。
(其前不能加介词,如:go there / come here)方式副词如:quiet ly, slow ly,quick ly, careful ly等。
(““怎样地” )程度副词如:very, much, quite(完全地,十分地), too(太)等。
2.副词的用法:主要用来修饰动词的。
如:He play s basketball well.He jump s high.三、形容词、副词的等级:原级、比较级和最高级。
英语语法之形容词副词
英语语法之形容词、副词一、定义:形容词是用来修饰和形容名词,说明人与事物性质和特征的词。
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
二、比较级和最高级的构成方法:1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化:2. 其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/mostbeautiful—more beautiful—(the) most beautiful3. 由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词,都是在该词前加-more/most.quickly—more quickly—(the) most quicklydifficultly—more difficultly—(the) most difficultly4. 不规则变化:不规则变化记忆口诀:特殊形式比较级,共有三对二合一。
病坏两多并两好,little意少不是小。
一分为二也三个,距离老远常迟到。
三、形容词比较级和最高级的用法:1. 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比,意思为“……和……相同”A+v.+as….+形容词原级+as BTom is as honest as Jack.2.比较级的用法:①A+形容词比较级+than+ BBeijing is more beautiful than Tianjin.形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little,far, a lot, a bit, much more来修饰,very, so, too, quite 不能修饰比较级。
②数字+形容词比较级+thanI’m two years older than you.She is a head taller than me.③比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.China becomes more and more stronger.④the +比较级,the +比较级结构,表示“越……就越……”The more I study it, the more I like it.⑤which/who +is +比较级Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?Who is happier, you or me?3. 最高级用法:用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the,后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。
英语语法之形容词和副词
4.形容词和副词4.1 形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。
但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。
但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
改错:(错)She sang lovely.(错)He spoke to me very friendly.(对)Her singing was lovely.(对)He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
小学英语语法——形容词副词
小学英语语法一、形容词与副词的定义形容词:我们把用来修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词;形容词主要描述人或者事物的性质、特征和状态;1.形容词一般在句中作定语,放在名词或代词前面,都含有“……的”意思;如:a nice watch 一只漂亮的手表 a blue car 一辆蓝色的小汽车2.形容词作表语有些形容词只能作表语,放在系动词之后These flowers are blue. 这些花是蓝色的;副词:说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、等含义的词,我们称之为副词;多用来修饰动词或整个句子;They live happily. happily快乐地,幸福地,修饰动词liveExe. The turtle is _________. The turtle runs ___________. slow二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则大多数形容词、副词都有等级的变化,表示“比……更……”或“最……”;形容词用来表示物的等级差别一般有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式;如:1.一般情况下,直接在原词后加-er, 或加-est如:quick------quicker-------quickest slow------slower------slowest2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词,比较级在原词后加-r,最高级在原词后加-st如:nice------nicer------nicest large------larger------largestwhite------whiter------whitest safe------safer------safest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,变y为i, 再加-er或-est.如:heavy------heavier------heaviest easy------easier------easiestearly------earlier------ealiest happy------happier------happiest4.重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词,要双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er或-est如:fat------fatter------fattest red------redder------reddestthin------thinner------thinnest wet------wetter------wettestbig------bigger------biggest hot------hotter------hottest5.部分双音节或多音节词要在原词前面加more或most.如:beautiful------more beautiful------most beautifuluseful------more useful------most usefuldelicious------more delicious------most deliciousdifferent------more different------most differentdifficult------more difficult------most difficultcarefully------more carefully------most carefully不规则变化:good/well------better------best bad------worse------worstmany/much------more------most little------less------leastfar------farther------farthest 指距离的远近far------further------furthest 表示程度上更进步old------older------oldest 表示年纪大old------elder------eldest 表示长幼关系三、形容词、副词比较级的用法表示两者间的比较用比较级;其常见句式有:1.“A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”;如:My pen is cheaper than yours .Tom runs faster than you.注意:①在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较;②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”;如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级;四、形容词、副词的最高级的用法形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思;句子中有表示范围的词或短语;如:of the three, in our class等等;如:He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的;五、注意形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the,而副词最高级前则不需要;。
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蒀形容词和副词蕿莄形容词及其用法螅螃形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
聿肅1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
薃袁2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
蒈(错)He is an ill man.螅(对)The man is ill.蚄(错)She is an afraid girl.肀(对)The girl is afraid.袇这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
薅蚆3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。
但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:莂something nice芇芆形容词及其用法蒃蒀形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
羀肆1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
薄袃2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
葿(错)He is an ill man.螆(对)The man is ill.莂(错)She is an afraid girl.羁(对)The girl is afraid.衿这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
薇莃3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。
但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:聿something nice芈芇以-ly结尾的形容词蒄蒂1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。
但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
蚈改错:(错)She sang lovely.肈(错)He spoke to me very friendly.节(对)Her singing was lovely.薀(对)He spoke to me in a very friendly way.膇螈2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
莃daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early羃The Times is a daily paper.袀The Times is published daily.芄莅用形容词表示类别和整体肁芀1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry羅The poor are losing hope.膂腿2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。
虿the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.螅The English have wonderful sense of humor.芃薂多个形容词修饰名词的顺序肈蒅多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:芅限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词蚀 a small round table薈 a tall gray building膆 a dirty old brown shirt肂 a famous German medical school肃an expensive Japanese sports car羇羆典型例题:膃1)Tony is going camping with ___ boys.膁 A.little two other B. two little other C.two other little D.little other two蚁答案:C。
由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。
蚇膅2)One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.艿 A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old肀答案 A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
蒇羂3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?蚂---- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside.葿 A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last膇答案:B。
本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。
一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:肄螀限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+ 罿those + three + beautiful + large + square羈膅新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词膂old + brown + wood + table莈蚈副词及其基本用法羂芁副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
螇一、副词的位置:膄1)在动词之前。
羄2)在be动词、助动词之后。
荿3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
芇袅注意:肅 a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。
螁We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.袀 b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾。
蚅He speaks English well.袂袀二、副词的排列顺序:莀1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。
莆2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。
袄Please write slowly and carefully.节3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
蝿膆注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。
羅改错:(错)I very like English.莁(对)I like English very much.膈袆注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
螃I don't know him well enough.螃There is enough food for everyone to eat.蚈There is food enough for everyone to eat.蚇螄兼有两种形式的副词袁肇1) close与closely莇close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"袅He is sitting close to me.羀Watch him closely.螀2)late 与lately肇late意思是"晚";lately 意思是"最近"蚃You have come too late.莂What have you been doing lately?膀3)deep与deeply袈deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"螄He pushed the stick deep into the mud.蒀Even father was deeply moved by the film.蕿4)high与highly莄high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much螅The plane was flying high.螃I think highly of your opinion.聿5)wide与widely肅wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"薃He opened the door wide.袁English is widely used in the world.蒈6)free与freely螅free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"蚄You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.肀You may speak freely; say what you like.袇薅形容词与副词的比较级蚆莂大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
芇芆1) 规则变化蒃单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
蒀羀构成法原级比较级最高级肆一般单音节词tall(高的)taller tallest薄未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的)greater greatest袃以不发音的e结尾nice(好的)nicer nicest葿的单音词和少数large(大的)larger largest螆以- le结尾的双able(有能力的) abler ablest莂音节词只加-r,-st羁以一个辅音字母big(大的)bigger biggest衿结尾的闭音节单hot热的)hotter hottest薇音节词,双写结莃尾的辅音字母,聿再加-er,-est芈芇"以辅音字母+y"easy(容易的)easier easiest蒄结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的)busier busiest蒂改y为i,再加蚈-er,-est肈少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的)cleverer cleverest节结尾的双音节词narrow(窄的)narrower narrowest薀未尾加-er,-est膇螈其他双音节词和important(重要的)莃多音节词,在前more important羃面加more,most most important 袀来构成比较级和easily(容易地)芄最高级。