2012职称英语考试阅读理解及翻译
2012年度职称英语“卫生类”新增阅读理解和完形填空全文翻译(3月26日)
2012年职称英语卫生类新增阅读理解第八篇 Eat Healthy"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate -club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often，it's accompanied by an appeal:" Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently，some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large;23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck ，happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.第八篇翻译健康饮食“把盘子里的东西吃完了!”“要成为一名清盘俱乐部的成员!”几乎每一个美国小孩都会听到父母亲或祖父母这样的唠叨。
2012(综合类)阅读理解全文及中文翻译
2012年职称英语综合类阅读理解目录1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事2.第二篇：Outside-the –classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference课处学习带来很大不同3.第三篇：Milosevic‘s Death 米洛舍维奇之死4.第四篇：Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福5.第五篇：Sino-Japan Animosity Lessens 中日敌意减少6.第六篇：TV Shows and Long Bus Trips看电视与长途汽车旅行7.第七篇：Modern Sun Worshippers现代日光浴崇拜者8.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class变化中的中产阶级9.第九篇：Single-parent Kids Do Best单亲幼儿最出色10.第十篇：A Letter from Alan艾伦的来信11.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展12.第十二篇：Smuggling走私13.第十三篇：The Barbie Dolls芭比娃娃14.第十四篇：Sleep睡眠15.第十五篇：Orbital Space Plane轨道航天飞机16.第十六篇：The Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠17.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔18.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education美国教育的目标19.*第十九篇：The Family家庭20.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去21.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals动物的空间距离22.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language我们知道的关于语言的一些事情23.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up只好向上24.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm克隆农场25.*第二十五篇：Income收入26.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界27.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services服务业的重要性28.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service国家公园的服务机构29.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends发现自己变胖了？这得责怪朋友们30.*第三十篇："Lucky" Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵一是死是活31.第三十一篇：Pool Watch泳池监护32.第三十二篇：The Cherokee Nation彻罗基部落33.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty老妇人Oseola McCarty34.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not逃亡35.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way选择她自己的路36.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事37.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音乐38.+第三十八篇：Why So Many Children为什么有这么多的孩子39.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live为了活着吃饭40.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape美国疾病预防新政策41.第四十一篇：The Operation of International Airlines国际航空公司的经营42. 第四十二篇：Sauna桑拿浴43. 第四十三篇：Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack建筑设计能使建筑抵御恐怖袭击吗44. 第四十四篇：Americans Get Touchy越来越爱肢体接触的美国人45. 第四十五篇：Women Staying in Mini-Skirts for Longer女性穿超短裙时间更长46. 第四十六篇：Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed捍卫进化论仍必要47.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape九死一生48.第四十八篇：Finding Enlightenment in Scotland苏格兰启蒙运动49.第四十九篇：The Beginning of American Literature美国文学的开端50.第五十篇：Older Volcanic Eruptions远古火山喷发第一篇Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事最普遍的非小说类文学作品类型之一，就是一些描述人们生活的故事，并且很多人喜欢阅读这类作品。
2012年度职称英语“卫生类”新增阅读理解和完形填空全文翻译(3月3日)
2012年职称英语卫生类新增阅读理解第八篇 Eat Healthy"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate -club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often，it's accompanied by an appeal:" Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently，some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large;23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that，after long hours at low-paying jobs，getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck ，happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.词汇:orphan /''?:f?n] / n.孤儿belly /'beli/ n.肚子nutrition / nju:'tri??n / n.营养waistline / 'weistlain / n.腰围paycheck / 'pei't?ek / n.薪金支票注释:1. Be a member of the clean - plate club! 做清盘俱乐部的成员2. Just think about those starving orphans in Africa! 只要想想在非洲挨饿的孤儿们!3. take too many bites 吃得太多4. A Waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer，with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. 根据《今日美国》刊登的一个故事，服务员给每个顾客一盘饭菜，其量是政府推荐的2至4倍。
2012职称英语阅读理解50篇翻译
2012职称英语阅读理解翻译第一篇福特放弃电动汽车分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽年的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。
通用汽车公司和日本本田汽车公司早于1999年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更有吸引力。
福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。
3年前，福特推出名为Think City的双排座汽车和Think或Think Neighbor系列高尔夫车，希望能销售5000辆汽车、10000高尔夫车。
但由于需求不足，截至2002年仅生产了大约1000辆汽车，售出的高尔夫车还不足1700辆。
“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的Tim Holmes于周五说，“我们感觉自己对电力车已做了昀好的尝试。
”Think City系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。
通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运行100英里。
昂贵的电池也意味着电动汽车的造价比汽油动力车高出许多。
日本丰田产的RAV4EV系列电动车在美国的售价达42000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17000美元。
丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两大电动车制造商。
“应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。
福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我们应据此评价他们的发展。
”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对《环保新闻》评论说。
日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。
混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。
福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。
不过，这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放物现在还不十分清楚。
六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。
制造商希望修改此法令，允许他们生产更多低排放而不是零排放的汽车。
2012年职称英语综合类所有新增文章(含练习解析及译文)
2012年职称英语综合类所有新增文章(含练习解析及译文)2012年职称英语综合类新增文章（含练习解析及译文）阅读判断（2篇）第七篇Moderate Earthquake Strikes England*第十一篇Computer Mouse概括大意与完成句子（2篇）第六篇How We Form First lmpression第十篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language阅读理解（15篇）第一篇Telling Tales about People第八篇The Changing Middle Class第十篇 A Letter from Alan第十一篇The Development of Ballet第十六篇The Sahara*第十九篇The Family*第二十篇Tales of the Terrible Past*第二十六篇Seeing the World Centuries Ago*第三十篇“Lucky” Lord Lucan ----- Alive or Dead*第三十三篇Oseola McCarty+第三十四篇To Have and Have Not+第三十五篇Going Her Own Way+第三十七篇Pop Music in Africa+第三十八篇Why So Many Children?+第四十七篇Narrow Escape补全短文（2篇）第九篇Heat Is Killer*第十一篇Virtual Driver完形填空（15篇）第一篇 A Life with Birds第二篇 A Lucky Break第三篇Global Warming第四篇 A Success Story第五篇Traffic in Our Cities第六篇Teaching and learning*第七篇The Difference between Man and Computer*第八篇Look on The Bright Side*第九篇The First Bicycle*第十篇Working Mothers+第十一篇School Lunch+第十二篇 A Powerful Influence+第十三篇The Old Gate+第十四篇Family History+第十五篇Helen and Martin译文见最后注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、阅读判断，请参见第4页；概括大意与完成句子，请参见第8页；阅读理解，请参见第13页；补全短文，请参见第43页3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。
2012职称英语A新增完形填空及阅读理解译文
+12 Dreams（新增）Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those who claim that they never dream at all actually dream just as frequently as the rest of us, though they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectly aware of dreaming night after night very seldom remember those dreams in great detail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions. Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our senses , so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．One of the world's oldest known written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can see that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that you should never ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return in time if the sleeper were suddenly awoken .From ancient times to the present day ,people have been making attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream as there are books．+14 A Health Profile （新增）A Health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your health．To draw your health profile，you will need to know what diseases run in your family，what health hazards you may be exposed to at work,ow your daily diet compares to the recommended standards，how nluch time per week you spend exercising and what type of exercise you engage in ,how stressful your work and family environments are，what kinds of illnesses you get regularly,and whether or not you have any one of a number of addictions. To complete this portrait,you should have a checkup to determine how your blood，heart，and lungs are functioning.This checkup will serve as a baseline,to which you can then compare later tests．Once this profile is thoroughly drawn，you can begin to think about setting health priorities based on your particular portrait．For example，if you drink two martinis every evening,have a high-stress job ,are overweight，smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends，you should quit smoking first，followed by losing the excess weight，reducing the stress of your job，giving up your marihuana habit，and then finally giveing some thought to those martinis if you want to prevent first cancer，and then heart disease．Even for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life,who is in excellent health．a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will benefit him in the future．+15 Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years （新增）A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74. Women to about 80, and these ages are rising all the time. What has brought about these changes? When we look at the life span of people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatest killers of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often highly infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the developed world these diseases are far lessdeadly today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of factors shave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which make bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations against common diseases. In addition, people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 but while people do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those spread by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l. Of course, cancer is a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect older people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity leadingto more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as "lifestyle diseases"，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.第三十四篇谁想永生？如果你的医生能给你一种药，这个药能让你健康的活两倍长的时间，你会服用吗？好消息是我们离这一天越来越近了。
2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题及答案解析（TheColdPlaces）
2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题及答案解析The Cold PlacesThe Arcti c is a polarregion. It surrounds the NorthPole.Like Antarctica, the Arcti c is a land of ice and snow. Antarcticaholdsthe recor d for a low temperatur e reading ---125 degrees Fahrenheitbelowzero. Reading of 85 degrees belowzero are common in both the Arcti c and Antarctica . Winter temperatures average 30 d3egre es belowzero in the Arctic. At the SouthPole the winter averag e is about73 degree s belowzero.One thingalonemakesit almost impossiblefor men to live in Antarctica and in partsof the Arcti c. This one thingis the low temperatur e --- the killing chillof far Northand the polarSouth.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing . They must buildwindproof shelters. They must keep heaters goingat al times. Not even for a momen t can they be unprotecte d against the below-zero temperatures.Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polarexplorers wrap themselvesin warm coatsand furs. The cold makeslife difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.What aboutanimals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arcti c and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. Thereis life in the oceans. Thereis life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold placeindee d. But this has not always been the case. Expeditionscientistshave discoveredthat Antarcticahas not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarcticamay have much like our own.Explorers have discoveredcoal in Antarctica. This leadsthem to believe that Antarcticaat one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the treesin the forests alive.1) The lowest temperatur e that man has ever knownwas recorded in Antarctica.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2) Winter temperatures average 85 degrees belowzero in Antarctica.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3) The Arcti c and Antarcticaare no man's landsbecause of theirnotorious coldness.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4) Polarexplorers can stay alivewithout heaters and windproof shelters.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5) Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be foundin the oceans and on land in polarareas.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6) As discoveredby expeditionscientists, Antarcticahas not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arcti c.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7) At one time, the weather in Antarcticawas so warm and damp that treesgrew there.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案:1. A。
2012年职称英语考试真题(综合类C级原文及译文)
2012年职称英语综合C真题阅读判断原文及译文Brotherly LoveAdidas and Puma have been two of the biggest namesin sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.Since1928they have supplied shoes for Olympicathletes, World Cup-winning football heroes,Muhammad Ali,hip hop stars androck musicians famous all over the world.But the story of these two companiesbegins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach,Germany.Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of ashoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never findcomfortable shoes to play in.Rudolph always said,“You cannot play sportswearing shoes that you’d walk around town with.”So they started making theirown.In1920Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes（钉）,produced on the Dasslers’kitchen table.On1st July1924they formed a shoe company,Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years.The companybecame successful and it provided the shoes forGermany’s athletes at the1928and1932Olympic Games.But in1948the brothers argued.No one knowsexactly what happened,but family members have suggested that the argument wasabout money or women.The result was that Adolph left the company.His nicknamewas Adi,and using this and the first three letters of the family name,Dassler,he founded Adidas.Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach andfounded his own company too.At first he wanted to call it Ruda,but eventuallyhe called it Puma,after the wild cat.The famous Puma logo of the jumping cathas hardly changed since.After the big split of1948Adolph and Rudolphnever spoke to each other again and their companies have now been incompetition for over sixty years.Both companies were for many years the marketleaders,though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma.A hip hopgroup,Run DMC,has even written a song called“My Adidas”and in2005Adidasbought Reebok,another big sports shoe company.The terrible family argument should really beforgotten,but ever since it happened,over sixty years ago,the town has beensplit into two.Even now,some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talkto each other.译文：兄弟般的爱阿迪达斯和彪马半个多世纪以来一直是最著名的运动鞋品牌。
2012年职称英语综合类阅读理解新增文章(含练习解析及译文)
2012年职称英语综合类新增文章—阅读理解1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事2.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class变化中的中产阶级3.第十篇：A Letter from Alan艾伦的来信4.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展5.第十六篇：The Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠6.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful（2011年教材中为C级文章）引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔7.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education（2011年教材中为C级文章）美国教育的目标8.*第十九篇：The Family家庭9.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去10.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals（2011年教材中为C级文章）动物的空间距离11.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language（2011年教材中为C级文章）我们知道的关于语言的一些事情12.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up（2011年教材中为C级文章）只好向上13.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm（2011年教材中为C级文章）克隆农场14.*第二十五篇：Income（2011年教材中为C级文章）收入15.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界16.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services（2011年教材中为C级文章）服务业的重要性17.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service（2011年教材中为C级文章）国家公园的服务机构18.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends（2011年教材中为C级文章）发现自己变胖了？这得责怪朋友们19.*第三十篇："Lucky" Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵一是死是活20.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty老妇人Oseola McCarty21.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not逃亡22.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way选择她自己的路23.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（2011年教材中为B级文章）一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事24.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音乐25.+第三十八篇：Why So Many Children为什么有这么多的孩子26.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live（2011年教材中为B级文章）为了活着吃饭27.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape（2011年教材中为B级文章）美国疾病预防新政策28.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape九死一生第一篇Telling Tales about PeopleOne of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about people's lives. These stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography.An autobiography is the story of a person's life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the person's earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjarmin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 1Other writers, such as James Joyce，have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies，but they are very close to it.Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 2Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and discuss their importance. Recently，though，the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeab1e with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.Biographies are factual accounts of someone else's life. In many senses，these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person，not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair well-presented biography may take years to research and write.词汇：backdrop /'b k,dr?p/ n. 背景interchangeable /int? 't?end??bl/ adj. 可转换的注释：1. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 就像本杰明富兰克林和海伦凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。
职称英语(综合类B级)阅读理解真题答案及解析
职称英语（综合类B级）阅读理解真题答案及解析2012年职称英语（综合类B级）阅读理解真题答案及解析*第三十三篇Oseola McCartyLATE ONE SUNDAY AFTERNOON in September 1999，Oseola McCarty，an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life，but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. 1In the summer of 1995 ，McCarty gave $ 150，000，most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.She led a simple，frugal existence，never spending on anything but her most basic needs. 2 Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings.When she retired，she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limitedMeans the opportunity to go to university. 3 She had wanted to become a nurse，but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away，she replied，“I’m giving it away so that children won’t have to work so hard，like I did. ” Af ter news of her donation hit the media，over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive，Ted Turner，who reputedly gave a billion dollars.She didn’t want any fuss made over her gift，but the news got out and she wasinvited all over the United States to talk to people. Wherever she went ，people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous，President Clinton included. In the last few years of her life，before she died of cancer，McCarty was given over 300 awards：she was honoured by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizen’ s Medal. Despite having no real education，she found herself with two honorary doctorates：one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that true selflessness does exist.词汇:frugal /’fru:g?l/ adj. 节约的，俭朴的，花钱少的，物质的，廉价的fuss /f?s / n. 慌乱，小题大做，抱怨争吵V. 忙donation /d?v’neif? n/ n. 捐赠，捐款，捐赠的乱，(为小事)烦恼抱怨注释:1. It mayseem like an ordinary end to a humble life，but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. 这位老妇人看似平凡的一生却有着非同寻常的意义。
2012年职称英语卫生类A级新增文章-阅读理解(含练习解析及译文)
2012年职称英语卫生类A级新增文章-阅读理解(含练习解析及译文)Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like OthersLow—salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others，according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciencesl food scientist．The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat．Those conclusions are important because recent，well—publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food2 have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others3，pointed out John Hayes，assistant professor of food science，who was lead investigator4 0n the study．Diets high in salt Can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke．That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat．This study increasesunderstanding of salt preference and consumption．The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips，on multiple occasions，spread out over weeks5．Test subjects were 45：men and 42 women, reportedly healthy，ranging in age from 20 t0 40 years．The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes．They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale，ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind．“Most of us like the taste of salt．However，some individuals eat more salt，both because they like the taste of saltiness more，and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,”said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes more intensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, andbitter．”he said．“Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because supertastin7 is not limited to bitterness．词汇：Publicize v．引起公众对…的注意；(用广告)宣传Dietary adj．饮食的；规定食物的Ferment v．(使)发酵Geneticist n．遗传学家Acuity n．敏锐；尖锐注释：1．Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences：即Penn State University--College of Agricultural Sciences宾州州立大学农学院。
2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题及答案解析(SmallBu.doc
2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题及答案解析Small But WiseOn December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don't let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born."I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they're processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don't see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don't reflect light,so they're difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's pictures. These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.1 .What is so special about WISE?A It is small in size but carries a large camera.B It is as small as a trashcan.C Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.D Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.2. Which is NOT the synonym for the word "snap" in the third paragraph?A make.B shoot.C takeD photograph.3. The camera on WISEA is no different from an ordinary camera.B does not see infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does.C catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.D reflects light that human eyes can see.4. Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7?A Asteroids float through space giving off visible light.B Asteroids do not reflect light that reaches them.C It is difficult to take asteroids' pictures by ordinary cameras,D The WISE telescope can take pictures of asteroids5.What is implied in the last paragraph?A Brown dwarfs give off visible light.B Brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.C Brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun.D Brown dwarfs are impossible to see with the WISE telescope.答案与题解：1. C 短文的第一和第二段提供了答案。
2012年职称英语理工类阅读理解新增文章(含练习解析及译文)
2012年职称英语理工类新增文章阅读理解（6篇）第六篇Making Light of1 Sleep第十九篇Graphene's Superstrength1*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+第四＋五篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" 注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章2、阅读理解3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化阅读理解第六篇Making Light of1 SleepAll we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock，your internal clock2 runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle，called a circadian rhythm，helps control whenyou wake，when you eat and when you sleep.Somewhere around puberty，something happens in the timing of the biological clock. Theclock pushes forward，so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed，your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.This shift4 is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark5. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems，too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud6when they don't get enough sleep，says Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence，RI7 .It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.But just like your alarm clock，your internal clock can be reset. In fact，it automatically resetsitself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years，researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock8were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensingsystems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.词汇：circadian/s3:'keidiən/ adj. 昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的adolescent/ædəu'lesənt/ n．青少年；adj．青少年的puberty/ 'pju:bəti/ n．发育；青春期sync/siŋk/ n. （口语）同步；和谐，协调synchronize/'siŋkrənaiz / V.（使）同时发生；（使）同步注释：1.make light of ：轻视，不在乎。
2012职称英语A级阅读理解中文
41 Too little for global warming全球变暖“缺油”◆石油和天然气将耗尽在全球变暖之前，根据本星期在瑞典乌普萨拉大学一个有争议的新的分析，作者警告说，所有足够的二氧化碳在大气中实现预测冰盖融化和灼热的温度之前所有的燃料将被用完。
从政府间气候变化专门委员会的科学家说捍卫他们的预测，他们是从燃料的存量来预测的，并指出，燃煤可以很容易地使填补差额。
但大家都同意烧煤会更差。
IPCC的全球冰雪融化推进1997年“京都议定书”的签署，削减CO 2 排放量，IPCC预测了一系列包含从无限燃烧化石燃料向绿色能源的场景。
但是，但地质学家，谢尔·安德斯乌普萨拉大学和科林·坎贝尔说，即使最保守的40 IPCC情景，也没有足够的石油和天然气存量，。
♦虽然石油和天然气储量的估计有很大的不同，研究人员越来越多的专家相信2010年石油供应将达到顶峰后不久，紧接着是天然气。
他们的分析表明，相当于约3500亿桶石油，IPCC则乐观的估计5000亿桶的设想。
即使是约8000亿桶的平均预测是瑞典人估计的两倍以上。
⌧内博伊沙Nakicenovic，奥地利维也纳大学的能源经济学家，领导了80人的IPCC研究小组作出了上述预测，他说，他们对世界燃料估算仍然站得住脚。
他认为和“保守”的瑞典人比，他们更广泛的和国际公认的石油和天然气估计储存量。
⍓即使石油和天然气用完了，“还有大量的煤炭地下可利用的。
”他说，烧煤可以让警监会的情景成真，但指出这种将是灾难性的后果。
煤比石油和天然气脏，以每个单位的能源，能释放大量的微粒和更多的二氧化碳。
他说，最新的分析是给政策决策者泼了盆冷水”42 Renewable Energy Sources可再生能源◆今天，石油提供世界能源需求的约40％，主要是提供给汽车。
煤炭仍是大多在发电站，包括我们的能源需求的四分之一，但它是效率最低的，不健康的和最破坏环境的化石燃料。
天然气储量可以填补一些石油的差距，但储量将持续到22世纪。
2012年职称英语真题(卫生类C级原文及译文)
2012年职称英语卫生C真题阅读判断原文及译文Tiny Invaders微小的入侵者The human body is truly amazing.It allows us to sense the world around us,to do work and have fun,and to move from place to place.In fact,the human body does its work so well that most people don’t think about it very much—until they get sick.人类的身体真的令人惊讶，它让我们感觉到周围的世界，工作、娱乐和运动。
事实上，人体运行的如此良好，以致于到生病时，我们才意识到。
The germs（致病菌）that make people sick are everywhere. You can’t see them,but they’re there.They’re sitting on your desk.They’re hiding on your computer’s key board. They’re even in the air that you are breathing.There are two types of germs:viruses and bacteria（细菌）.Viruses are germs that can only live inside animals or plants.Viruses cause illnesses such as flu and measles（麻疹）.Bacteria are tinycreatures.Some bacteria are good.They can help your stomach break down food.Other bacteria aren’t so good.They can make you sick.Bacteria can cause sore throats（喉痛）and ear infections.使人们生病的致病菌无处不在。
2012年职称英语真题(理工类C级原文及译文)
2012年职称英语理工C真题阅读判断原文及译文Eastern Quakes Can TriggerBig ShakesIn the first week of November2011,people in central Oklahoma experienced morethan two dozen earthquakes.The largest,a magnitude 5.6quake,shook thousandsof fans in a college football stadium,caused cracks in a few buildings andrattled the nerves of many people who had never felt a quake before.Oklahomais not an area of the country famous for its quakes.If you watch the news on TV,you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters—hurricanes,tornadoes,flooding and wildfires,to name a few.But the most dangerous type of naturaldisaster,and also the most unpredictable,is the earthquake.Researchers at the U.S.Geological Surveyestimate that several million earthquakes rattle the globe each year.That maysound scary,but people don’t feel many of the tremors because they happen inremote and unpopulated regions.Many quakes happen under the ocean,and othershave a very small magnitude,or shaking intensity.Amagnitude5.8earthquake that struck central Virginia the afternoon of August23,2011,was felt from central Georgia to southeastern Canada.In many urbanareas,including Washington, D.C.,and New York City(Wall Street shown),people crowded the streets while engineers inspected buildings.Scientistsknow about small,remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronicdevices called seismometers.These devices detect and measure the size ofground vibrations produced by earthquakes.Altogether,USGS researchers useseismometers to identify and locate about20,000 earthquakes each year.Althoughearthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only incertain areas.The largest ones register a magnitude8or higher and happen,onaverage,only once each year.Such big ones typically occur along the edges ofEarth’s tectonic plates.Tectonicplates are huge pieces of Earth’s crust, sometimes many kilometers thick.Theseplates cover our planet’s surface like a jigsaw puzzle.Often,jagged edgesofthese plates temporarily lock together.When plates jostle and scrape past eachother earthquakes occur.On average, tectonicplates move very slowly—aboutthe same speed as your fingernails grow.Butsometimes earthquakes rumble through portions of the landscape far from a plate’sedges.Although less expected, these“mid-plate”tremors can do substantialdamage.Some of the biggest known examples rattled the eastern half of theUnited States two centuries ago.Today,scientists are still puzzling over whythe quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.译文：东部的地震能引发大地震在2011年11月的第一个星期，中部俄克拉荷马州的人们经历了二十多次地震。
2012年职称英语考试(综合类A级)阅读理解答案及翻译
2012年职称英语考试（综合类A级）阅读理解答案及译文 (2)+34 （新增）To Have or Have Not（逃亡） (2)+35 （新增）Going Her Own Way（选择她自己的路） (2)+36 A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（苏格兰乡村生活的故事） (2)+37 （新增）Pop Music in Africa（非洲的流行音乐） (2)+38 （新增）Why So Many Children（为什么有这么多的孩子） (2)+39 Eat to Live（为了活着吃饭） (3)+40 New US Plan for Disease Prevention（为预防疾病的新美国计划） (3)+41 The Operation of International Airlines（国际航空公司的经营） (3)+42 Sauna（桑拿浴） (3)+ 43 Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?（建筑设计能使建筑抵御恐怖袭击吗？） (4)+44 Americans Get Touchy（越来越爱肢体接触的美国人） (4)+45 Women Staying in Mini-Skirts for Longer（女性在迷你裙上逗留的时间更长） (4)+46 Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed（捍卫进化论仍必要） (4)+ 47 （新增）Narrow Escape（九死一生） (5)+ 48 Finding Enlightenment in Scotland（苏格兰启蒙运动） (5)+49 The Beginning of American Literature（美洲文学的起源） (5)+50 Older Volcanic Eruptions（远古火山爆发） (6)2012年职称英语考试（综合类A级）阅读理解答案及译文+34 （新增）To Have or Have Not（逃亡）1) Why did the writer want to leave the hotel? 作者为什么想离开旅馆※To have a change of scene. 去看看风景2) What attracted the writer to the shop? 是什么吸引作者到那个商店※The light coming from inside. 商店里的灯光3) The writer found the stock in the front of the shop__.作者发现小店前面存放的物品怎样※of top quality质量上乘4) What was unusual about the way the woman looked at him? 那女人看他的方式有什么不寻常※She seemed to know him well她看起来认识他5)The writer disliked the back room because__.作者不喜欢后屋的原因是※he saw nothing he really liked没有他喜欢的东西+35 （新增）Going Her Own Way（选择她自己的路）1) Maria wanted to attend__.玛丽亚想去个怎样的学校※technical high school. 技校2) In those days, most Italian girls__.当时大多数的意大利女孩的选择是※did not go to high school不上高中3) You can infer from this passage that__.从这篇文章可以推论得出※only boys usually attended technical schools通常只有男孩儿才上技校4) Maria' s father probably__.玛丽亚的父亲很可能※had very traditional views about women对女性的态度很传统5) High school teachers in Italy in those days were__.当时意大利的高中老师※quite strict非常严格+36 A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（苏格兰乡村生活的故事）1) What is Sunset Song mainly about? 歌曲Sunset Song主要是关于※The lives of rural Scottish farmers苏格兰乡村的生活2) Which statement is Not true of Chris? 关于Chris的说法中不正确的是※She married only once她只结过一次婚3) What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with? 小说开篇部分主要是关于※The history of Kinraddie. Kinraddie的历史4) Who are responsible for Ewan’s death, according to Chris? 在Chris看来，谁应该为Ewan的死负责※The Germans德国人5) The word sunset occurring in the title of the novel most probably means___.小说题目中Sunset这个词最可能的意思是※The end of traditional life传统生活的结束+37 （新增）Pop Music in Africa（非洲的流行音乐）1) This passage is about how African pop music is__.文章是关于非洲流行乐为什么会※more serious than most pop music比其他流行乐更严肃2) For people outside of Africa, African pop music is__.对非洲以外的人来说，非洲流行乐※both familiar and different既熟悉又不同3) The musicians mentioned in this passage all__.文中提及的音乐家们都※write about serious problems写严肃题材的歌曲4) Eric Wainaina__.※studied music in Boston在波士顿学习音乐5) Witness Mwaijaga writes about the problems of women partly because__.写女人问题的原因是※she has had a difficult life herself她自己的困难经历+38 （新增）Why So Many Children（为什么有这么多的孩子）1) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family＿.在传统的农业经济里，一个大的家庭※can be an advantage可能是个优势2) When countries become industrialized, __.当国家工业化后※the birth rate generally goes down生育率一般会下降3) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an__.根据短文，如今的意大利是__的例子※industrialized country with a low birth rate低生育率的工业化国家4) Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that__.沙特在文中被到，是为了说明※factors other than the economy influence birth rate经济以外，影响生育率的其他因素5) In Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia, the government__.在墨西哥，泰国和印尼，政府※has tried to improve the condition of women曾努力改善女性的生存环境+39 Eat to Live（为了活着吃饭）1) According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? 不正确的是※We have to begin dieting from childhood.童年时代就开始减肥2) Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?作者提到高龄鼠的目的是※To illustrate the effect of meager（不足的）food on mice.证明节食对老鼠的影响3) What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage?从正常喂养的老鼠中可以推断出※They are more likely to suffer from inflammation.它们更可能得炎症4) According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers?研究者最感兴趣的是※The mice that started dieting in old age.老年开始节食的老鼠5) According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that.Spindler认为※Dieting is not a good method to give us health and a long life.节食并不是带来健康与长寿的方法+40 New US Plan for Disease Prevention（为预防疾病的新美国计划）1) Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?下面关于美国的慢性病哪个选项是错误的※They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.他们经常会导致不健康的生活方式2) The author mentions all the following as ways of disease prevention EXCEPT作者没有提到预防疾病的方法是※higher survival rate for cancer.更高的癌症存活率3) The article indicates that more money spent on disease prevention will mean文章指出更多的钱用于预防疾病将意味着※much less money needed for disease treatment.更少的钱用于治病上4) The $15 million program is aimed at一千五百万的项目的目标是※promoting disease prevention.促进预防疾病5) Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly早期癌症的屏蔽可以帮助减少※cancer death rate癌症的死亡率+41 The Operation of International Airlines（国际航空公司的经营）1) According to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to根据文章，经营一家航空公司的关键是※cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of the jets.满足坐经济舱和头等舱顾客的需求2) The following are all mentioned as reasons why the airlines are having a hard time EXCEPT that哪项不是造成航空业面临困境的原因？※the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time low.旅游业正在经历历史的一个低点。
2012职称英语阅读理解正文及问题与选项的翻译
1 A Letter from Alan （综合）I have learnt of a plan to build three hundred houses on the land called Parson ‟s Place by the football ground. Few people know about this new plan to increase the size of our town. For me, Parson ‟s Place is special because it is a beautiful beautiful natural natural natural area area area where where where local local local people people people can can can relax relax relax ––the the small small small wood wood wood has has has many many many unusual unusual unusual trees trees trees and and and the the the stream stream stream is is popular with fisherman and bird-watchers. It ‟s very quiet because there are few houses or roads nearby. I think that losing this area will be terrible because we have no other similar facilities in the neighbourhood. I am also against this plan because it will cause traffic problems. How will the people from the new houses travel to work? The motorway and the railway station are on the other side of town. Therefore, these people will have to drive through the town centre every time they go anywhere. The roads will always be full of traffic, there will be nowhere to park and the tourists who come to see our lovely old buildings will leave. Shops and hotels will lose business. If the town really needs more homes, the empty ground beside the railway station is a more suitable place. No doubt the builders will make a lot of money by selling these houses. But, in my opinion, the average person will quickly be made poorer by this plan. As well as this, we will lose a very special place and our town will be much less pleasant. I am going to the local government offices on Monday morning to protest about this plan and I hope that your readers will join me there. We must make them stop this plan before it is too late. 艾伦的来信我听说了一个要在Parson 公园上建造三百所房子的计划。
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一、职称英语阅读理解文章（理工类）译文(参加理工A、B、C级考试需要掌握文章) (3)第一篇福特放弃电动汽车 (3)Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles (3)第二篇世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值 (4)World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict (5)第三篇公民科学家 (5)Citizen Scientists (6)第四篇汽车技术 (6)Motoring Technology (7)第五篇深夜喝咖啡 (7)Late-night Drinking (8)第六篇编制灯光 (8)Weaving with Light (9)第七篇用糖为手机发电 (9)Sugar Power for Cell Phones (10)第八篇引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔 (10)Eiffel Is an Eyeful (11)第九篇埃及饱受饥饿折磨 (11)Egypt felled by famine (12)第十篇年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的弟兄 (12)Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers (13)第十一篇申请个人域名的网上费用 (14)The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself (14)第十二篇纳佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击 (15)Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass (15)第十三篇隐形环 (15)Invisibility Ring (16)第十四篇日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车 (17)Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers (17)第十五篇肋生双翅机器人学飞行 (18)Winged Robot Learns to Fly (18)第十六篇日本人的地心旅行 (19)Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth (19)第十七篇地球防晒霜 (20)A Sunshade for the Planet (20)第十八篇石油匮乏 (21)Thirst for Oil (21)第十九篇延长人类寿命 (22)Prolonging Human Life (22)第二十篇深海探索器 (23)Explorer of the Extreme Deep (23)第二十一篇植物，沼气的又一来源 (24)Plant Gas (24)第二十二篇雪花 (25)第二十三篇风力发电？轻而易举 (26)Powering a City? It‟s a Breeze (27)第二十四篇地下煤引发即将来临的灾难 (27)Underground Coal Fires a Looming Catastrophe (28)第二十五篇为了活着吃饭 (29)Eat to Live (29)第二十六篇男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异 (30)Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently (30)第二十七篇分散注意力驾驶 (31)Driven to Distraction (32)第二十八篇睡眠促使记忆归档存储 (33)Sleep Lets Brain File Memories (33)第二十九篇古怪食物 (34)Food Fright (34)二、职称英语阅读理解文章译文(参加理工A、B级考试需要掌握文章) (35)第三十篇数码王国 (35)Digital Realm (36)第三十一篇卡特里娜飓风 (36)Hurricane Katrina (37)第三十二篇读心机 (37)Mind-reading Machine (38)第三十三篇专家呼吁局部和区域控制放射性废物地点 (39)Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (39)第三十四篇病毒电池 (40)Batteries Built by Viruses (40)第三十五篇植物效能 (41)Putting Plants to Work (41)第三十六篇听觉仪器提供早期山崩预警 (42)Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (43)第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义 (43)“Don‟t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (44)第三十八篇野生大象寿命更长 (45)Longer Lives for Wild Elephants (45)第三十九篇克隆农场 (46)Clone Farm (46)第四十篇污染云团在太平洋两岸均被测量 (47)Air Pollution Cloud Measured on Both Sides of Pacific (47)三、职称英语阅读理解文章译文(参加理工A级考试需要掌握文章) (48)第四十一篇全球变暖“缺油” (48)Too Little for Global Warming (49)第四十二篇可再生能源 (49)Renewable Energy Sources (50)第四十三篇天气预报的方法 (51)第四十四篇捍卫进化论仍必要 (52)Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed (52)第四十五篇咸度味感因人而异 (53)Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others (54)第四十六篇不可思议的超材料 (55)Marvelous Metamaterials (55)第四十七篇倾听鸟鸣 (56)Listening to Birdsong (57)第四十八篇“隐种”可能令人惊叹地普遍存在 (57)"Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common (58)第四十九篇美国科学家确认火星上有水 (59)U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars (59)第五十篇手机增加交通行人死亡 (60)Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities (61)一、职称英语阅读理解文章（理工类）译文(参加综合A、B、C级考试需要掌握文章)第一篇福特放弃电动汽车分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽车的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。
通用汽车和日本本田公司早于1999 年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更吸引力。
福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。
3年前，福特推出名为Think City 的双排座汽车和Think 或Think Neighbor 系列高尔夫车。
但由于需求不足，截至2002年仅生产了1 000 辆汽车，售出1 700辆高尔夫车。
“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的Tim Holmes 于周五说，“我们感觉自己对电力车的两倍多。
”日本丰田产的RA V4EV 系列电动车在美国的售价达42 000 美元，而同一系列的汽油动力车仅售17 000 美元。
丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两在电动车制造商。
“应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。
福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我们应据此评价他们的发展。
”Roger Higman, 英国Friends of the Earth组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对《环保新闻》评论说。
日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。
混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。
福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。
不过这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放现在还不十分清楚。
六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003 年前向该州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。
制造商希望修改此法令，允许他们生产现多低排放而不是零排放的汽车。
Ford Abandons Electric VehiclesThe Ford motor company‟s abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology, analysts say.General Motors and Honda ceased production of battery-powered cars in 1999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumer. Ford has now announced it will do the same.Three years ago, the company introduced the Think City two-seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think neighbor. It hoped to sell 5,000 cars each year and 10,000 carts. But a lack of demand means only about 1,000 of the cars have been produced, and less than 1,700 carts have been sold so far in 2002.“The bottom line is we don‟t believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market,”Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday. “We feel we have given electric our best shot.”The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time General Motor‟s EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range, of about 100 miles.The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petrol-powered alternatives. An electric Toyota RA V4 EV vehicle costs over $42,000 in the US, compared with just $17,000 for the petrol version. Toyota and Nissan are now the only major auto manufacturers to produce electric vehicles.“There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its cha nce. Ford now has to move on with its hybrid program, and that is what we will be judging them on,” Roger Higman, a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth, told the Environment News Service.Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold well. Hybrid engines offer greater mileage than petrol-only engines, and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks such vehicles will help it meet planned new guidelines on vehicle emissions in the US.However, it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permit. In June, General Motors and Daimler Chrysler won a court injunction, delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring car-makers to offer 100,000 zero-emission and other low-emission vehicles in the state by 2003. Car manufactures hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low-emission, rather than zero-emission, vehicles.第二篇世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值科威特科学家预测世界常规原油产量将在2014年达到峰值，这一发现可能会促进储存石油的努力。