th语法专题名词性从句

语法专题 名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)

1.概念

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。

2. 种类

1) 主语从句: 主语从句 + 谓语动词+ 其他

2) 表语从句: 主语 + 系动词+ 表语从句

3) 宾语从句: 及物动词 /介词+ 宾语从句

4) 同位语从句: 名词 /代词+ 同位语从句 3.

名从引导词分类及作用:

名词性从句的引导词

作用 连接词

that, whether/if （是否） 不作成分只起连接作用 连接代词

what(ever) ，who(ever)， whom(ever) ， which(ever) whose 作主、宾、表、 定语 连接副词 when(ever), where(ver), why, how, 作状语

缺主/宾/表/ 定补代词what(ever)

who(ever) whom(ever) which(ever) whose

只缺“是否”意思

补whether ，if 什么都不缺

that 补副词when(ever),

where(ver), why, how 解题方法：

2 、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么

1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句

3、确定词性后,再根据句子意思选择引导词。

缺状语

例句展示

◆That they will win the game is certain. →It is certain that they will win the game.

◆Whether the task can be finished on time is still unknown.

→It is still unknown whether the task can be finished on time.

◆Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone.

→It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here.

◆Whoever breaks the law should be punished.

◆What he said at the meeting is important.

例句展示

★Can you tell me when and how I can get to the city?

★I don’t understand what he means.

★I am not sure whether he would help me.

★He said that he had visited his former English teacher several times.

例句展示

◆It is still a question whether the bridge can be completed next month.

◆When she heard the news that the earthquake happened in her hometown, she lost consciousness.

◆They have no idea whether they should go on with the search.

◆The question who can go to the meeting hasn’t been decided.

名从考点：

1. what和that

_____he can’t finish the work on time is ____makes us worry. (KEY:That，what) 注：what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

that只起连接作用, 在从句中不作任何成分。

2. 名词性从句中的谓语语气问题

1) I advise that he ____________ (stay) and wait here．

2) It is advised that we __________ (hold) another meeting to discuss the question.

3) My advice is that the injured man ________ (send) to hospital at once．

KEY 1) (should) stay 2) (should) hold 3) (should) be sent

注：表“建议、命令、要求、安排”等词其后的名词性从句要用虚拟语气：（should）+动词原形。此类词有：advise/suggest/propose/ recommend/insist/order/command/demand / require/ request等等。

3. that的省略与保留

1) _______ they would take the risk is clear.

2) The reason is ______ he is careless.

3) I don’t think _______ she is coming.

4) We all knew ______ he got the first prize and ______ he was very excited.

5).We must make it clear ______ we mean what we say.

KEY 1)That 2)that 3) (that) 4) (that), that 5)that

注：可省：单个的宾语从句中

不可省：主从，表从中；并列宾语从句中, 第2个宾语从句中的that不省；

在it作形式主/宾语的句型中。