段落展开方法
英语段落展开九种方法及范文
英语段落展开九种方法及范文English Answer:1. Adding Description.Use sensory details to paint a vivid picture in the reader's mind.Describe the physical attributes, surroundings, and sensory experiences of characters, objects, and places.2. Adding Dialogue.Introduce characters through their speech and interactions.Use dialogue to reveal character traits, advance the plot, and create tension.3. Adding Action.Describe specific actions and movements of characters to create a dynamic narrative.Use verbs that accurately convey the physicality and intent of the characters.4. Adding Thoughts.Explore the inner thoughts and feelings of characters.Use free indirect discourse, stream of consciousness, or direct quotations to reveal their perspectives.5. Adding Detail.Provide specific and concrete details to enhance the realism and depth of the paragraph.Include sensory details, facts, anecdotes, or examples to illustrate the main idea.6. Adding Exemplification.Support general statements with specific examples or illustrations.Use examples that are relevant, concrete, and engaging.7. Adding Contrast.Highlight differences between characters, objects, or ideas.Use contrasting language to create tension and emphasize the main points.8. Adding Transitions.Connect ideas smoothly and create coherence within the paragraph.Use transitional words and phrases to guide thereader's understanding and flow.9. Adding a Concluding Statement.Summarise the main idea or draw a conclusion based on the evidence presented.Reinforce the paragraph's key points and leave the reader with a clear understanding of its purpose.Sample:Original Paragraph:The party was a success.Expanded Paragraph (with Description):The party was a vibrant spectacle, a tapestry of colors and motion that filled the grand ballroom. The music, a pulsating symphony of drums and strings, reverberated through the ornate chandeliers, casting an ethereal glow on the revelers. Guests, adorned in shimmering gowns andelegant suits, danced with abandon, their laughter mingling with the scent of exotic flowers that perfumed the air.中文回答：九种扩展英语段落的方法。
文章的结构段落
一、指点迷津：总分式的结构方式：通过先总述，再分述展开段落或文章。
总述，就是用一句话把一段内容的意思或一篇文章的主要意思概括起来说，给人以初步的总的印象。
分述是根据总述从几个方面加以展开。
例如：《松鼠》的第一段首先从总体入手，介绍松鼠是一种漂亮的小动物，乖巧、驯良，很讨人喜欢。
接着从面容、眼睛、身体、四肢尾巴、吃食姿势几个方面具体来写松鼠漂亮的外形特征。
二、牛刀小试：西双版纳的花果西双版纳是花果的海洋。
这里的花，红的、紫的、白的、黄的，五彩缤纷，美丽极了！不但有芍药、美人蕉、紫罗兰，还有许多奇异的花草。
这儿的果子也非常多，香蕉、菠萝、荔枝，果实累累，挂满树梢。
肥硕的木瓜，簇拥在一起。
还有一种芒果，长得又肥又大，一个就有一斤重，果肉有五寸厚，而核却只有拇指那么大。
1、这一段话用了先_________后________的结构方式写的。
按本段的构段方式分层，可以把这段话分为_______层。
2、这段话先总写___________，然后分别从和两方面来说明中心。
三、举一反三蛇表演杂技真有趣。
菜花蛇攀着树枝一伸一伸缓缓向上，约莫半小时，它终于攀上树榉。
这时它用细长的尾巴缠住细枝突来个倒栽葱。
我以为它会摔下地面，谁知它却头悬空，荡起了秋千，悠哉悠哉。
五步蛇一见我们走近，立即昂着头翘着“鼻子”吐出火一般的舌头，“砰”的一声迎面扑来。
我们个个吓得面如土色，还没来得及后退逃走，它却早已“啪”的一声撞在铁丝围上倒下去了，这真是惊心动魄啊！1、用“﹏﹏”画出这一自然段的中心句。
2、这一段先总写了______________，再具体地写了___________________ 。
一、指点迷津：分总式的结构方式：通过先分述，再总述展开段落或文章，和总分式正好相反。
例如：《新型玻璃》这一课，全文共有六个自然段，前5个自然段依次介绍了夹丝网防盗玻璃、夹丝网玻璃、变色玻璃、吸热玻璃、吃音玻璃这5种新型玻璃的特点和作用。
最后一自然段总结全文，说明新型玻璃在现代化的建筑中的重要作用，预言人们将会创造出更多的奇迹。
文章的结构段落
文章的段落构落（总分式）一、指点迷津：总分式的结构方式：通过先总述，再分述展开段落或文章。
总述，就是用一句话把一段内容的意思或一篇文章的主要意思概括起来说，给人以初步的总的印象。
分述是根据总述从几个方面加以展开。
例如：《松鼠》的第一段首先从总体入手，介绍松鼠是一种漂亮的小动物，乖巧、驯良，很讨人喜欢。
接着从面容、眼睛、身体、四肢尾巴、吃食姿势几个方面具体来写松鼠漂亮的外形特征。
二、牛刀小试：西双版纳的花果西双版纳是花果的海洋。
这里的花，红的、紫的、白的、黄的，五彩缤纷，美丽极了！不但有芍药、美人蕉、紫罗兰，还有许多奇异的花草。
这儿的果子也非常多，香蕉、菠萝、荔枝，果实累累，挂满树梢。
肥硕的木瓜，簇拥在一起。
还有一种芒果，长得又肥又大，一个就有一斤重，果肉有五寸厚，而核却只有拇指那么大。
1、这一段话用了先_________后________的结构方式写的。
按本段的构段方式分层，可以把这段话分为_______层。
2、这段话先总写___________，然后分别从和两方面来说明中心。
三、举一反三蛇表演杂技真有趣。
菜花蛇攀着树枝一伸一伸缓缓向上，约莫半小时，它终于攀上树榉。
这时它用细长的尾巴缠住细枝突来个倒栽葱。
我以为它会摔下地面，谁知它却头悬空，荡起了秋千，悠哉悠哉。
五步蛇一见我们走近，立即昂着头翘着“鼻子”吐出火一般的舌头，“砰”的一声迎面扑来。
我们个个吓得面如土色，还没来得及后退逃走，它却早已“啪”的一声撞在铁丝围上倒下去了，这真是惊心动魄啊！1、用“﹏﹏”画出这一自然段的中心句。
2、这一段先总写了______________，再具体地写了___________________ 。
文章的段落构落（分总式）一、指点迷津：分总式的结构方式：通过先分述，再总述展开段落或文章，和总分式正好相反。
例如：《新型玻璃》这一课，全文共有六个自然段，前5个自然段依次介绍了夹丝网防盗玻璃、夹丝网玻璃、变色玻璃、吸热玻璃、吃音玻璃这5种新型玻璃的特点和作用。
英语写作展开段落方法.doc
展开段落方法一．举例法For example,/ for instance,/ take …for example, ……..A good/ clear case in point is that….A typical/perfect example can be found in…..……, such as….……, including…………, which may include…..For example, high school students are often organized into small discussion group to enhance their learning efficiency in the classroom.By taking part in more physical exercises, students are less likely to develop various diseases, such as obesity, heart attack and the flu.二．列举法1) Firstly secondly thirdlyFirst second thirdFirst of all second finally/ lastlyIn the first place in the second place last but not least2) To begin with/To start with/For a start /Initially/primarilyAlso/ besides/ moreover/ furthermore/ what’s more/ in addition/ more importantly/ what’s worseOn top of that/ apart from….. /in addition to…., ……..3) one main advantage of… is ……Another benefit is ……One major problem of ….is…..Another big risk is…..One effective measure to… is…..Another sound approach is ……One of the negative impacts of… is….Another adverse effect is……Furthermore, there is a third undesirable development: …..三．引用法1. 是否可以用教育和职业培训来应对罪犯In many situations, providing criminals with education is a more effective approach to reforming them. According to some fascinating research, compared with offenders who are simply thrown into prison, those who have been offered a proper education tend to show less violent behavior and are less likely to commit crime again after being released.句型：According to a recent study, …..According to some fascinating research, …..According to a recent article published in the world-famous Nature Journal, ……..According to a recent survey conducted by a group of American researchers of the University of Chicago, …Interestingly, a recent study found that ……In fact, a recent survey showed that….As a matter of fact, a recent opinion poll revealed that …..Study after study has demonstrated that……After many years of painstaking research, scientists are now able to prove that……四因果法谈在公共场所禁烟的必要性From a public health point of view, it is absolutely necessary to ban smoking in all public place, including restaurants, subway stations, office buildings and the streets. This is essentially because many non-smokers are often forced to breathe in side-stream smoke exhaled by smokers. Study after study has confirmed that second-hand smoking leads to a more insidious health risk since such type of smoke contains more, smaller partic les and is therefore more likely to be deposited deep in lungs. Unfortunately, the extremely lucrative nature of the tobacco industry typically discourages many governments of the world to take resolute actions against smoking. Consequently, the adverse effects of passive smoking are not discovered until our health has suffered extensive damage.句型Because/since / as/ now that….. , ……Because of/ due to/ owing to/ thanks to, ……The apparent reason is …..One simple reason is ……It is evident that the biggest reason for this is……套句：One of the main reasons is that……Another major cause is that ….Finally, ….is found to be the third contributing factor.Therefore,/ thus,/ as a result,/ consequently,/ as a natural consequence, ……Lead to/ give rise to / contribute to/ result in……..段落展开方法之五小结法讨论直接捐给当地贫困社区还是把钱给慈善组织On the other hand, there are many reasons why some people prefer to give money to the poor in their local communities. First, after seeing how poverty has deeply affected the lives of their neighbors at first hand, they really understand the scale of the problem and they really want to be part of the effort to address it. Second, these donors can see for themselves how the money being spent and how their generous donations are making a big difference to the whole community. It isno wonder that they are delighted to provide direct financial support because there is a clear connection between their altruism and the positive changes it brings.学语言要不要当地的文化和生活方式In addition, some interesting aspects of the language are reflected in the lifestyle of the native speakers. In the USA, for example, many people actually prefer the peaceful way of life in a small city with little traffic, which is vividly describe as a “one-stoplight” town. Similarly, the fact that a large number of business owners in Britain operate in their own small house in the country gives rise to the expression “cottage industry”. Thus, it is no exaggeration to say that lifestyle is indeed one of the richest sources of language that all learners must tap into.注：It is no wonder that…..Therefore, it is safe to say that….Therefore, it is logical to conclude that….Thus it is no exaggeration to say that….It goes without saying that…..Needless to say that……六．对比法In comparison, ….In sharp contrast, ….Compared with A, B…..On the other hand, ……While/whereas….., ……..。
如何快速展开论证段落
议论段五步法
（5）第五步，写结论句： 即本段小结，照应本段开头， 重申这一段的分论点。
高考满分作文
段落示例
知识就是力量。（观点句） 知识首先是 一种难以量化的、伟大的精神智慧，当然更可 转化为具体的、可见的、巨大的物质力量（。阐释句） 史蒂芬.霍金，被卢伽雷氏症禁锢在轮椅上20多 年，全身能“活动”的，除了眼睛，只剩三根 食指，但这并不影响他能够成为继爱因斯坦之 后当代最伟大的理论物理学家、享有国际声誉 的伟人、超人。（事例句） 霍金靠的是什么？ 知识——关于宇宙奥秘：天体物理、时空本质 的最新知识，最富有想象力、创造力的智慧。 以及知识带来的预见性。（析例句） 可见， 知识能够改变世界，知识能够决定命运，知识 能够给人自由。 （结论句）
段落示例
乐观为帆，则成功之花闪耀。（观点句） “生命里拥有乐观，便如荒漠里有了绿洲”，培 根如是说。我无法想像一个对生命充满悲观的人 最终能拥有一个成功的人生。充满悲观的人在还 未出发时就已经看到了阻碍，在并未尝试时，就 已经预见了失败。生命里或多或少都会遭受坎坷 与磨难，倘若能以乐观处之，则更易成功。（阐 释句）爱迪生实验失败时，看到的是下一次的成 功；山姆上校四处推荐炸鸡秘方时，看到的是下 一次的胜利；邓小平被贬时，看到的却是下一次 的复出。（事例句）这些人，即使为生活所迫， 满面尘灰，却依旧掸衣如故，心怀乐观。于是才 有了电灯的光明，炸鸡的美味，历史转折的改革 开放。（析例句）历史一次又一次地证明了这个 道理：只有以乐观为帆，成功之花才会盛开。
高考满分作文段落示例
沉稳从志而来。（观点句）一个人若没有 远大的志向，只沉迷于现实的花花世界之中， 自然无法拥有沉稳的性格。（阐释句）班超投 笔从戎，志在报国，在对匈奴一战中从容不迫 沉稳冷静，终弘扬国威，不教胡马度阴山。林 则徐斩钉截铁，志在禁烟，在与洋人交涉中不 卑不亢，稳中含刚，终虎门销烟，让洋人胆战 心寒。（事例句）班超、林则徐这类英雄人物 因为有远大的志向，眼光便放得远，心胸便沉 稳下来，（析例句）故曰：非有志者不能稳也
word段落折叠
word段落折叠
word段落折叠就是将一个段落分成几个部分，可以使用鼠标点击显示/隐藏其中的内容。
当前的段落折叠功能支持三种类型：全部展开、部分展开、全部折叠。
要使用段落折叠功能，首先需要将文档设置为书签模式。
在“视图”选项卡中，勾选“书签”复选框。
然后，可以手动添加段落书签，也可以使用Ctrl+Shift+L快捷键来添加段落书签。
接下来，就可以点击书签上的“-”号或“+”号来进行折叠/展开段落操作了。
同时，也可以通过单击右侧的折叠/展开按钮来折叠/展开整个文档。
段落的展开法
段落的展开法1．段落的设计段落需要事先设计好。
首先要定下一个主题或一个中心意思，并用一句话表达出来(即主题句)；其次，选择有助于阐述这一中心意思的例子或细节，把它们一一列出；最后，把这些细节按逻辑顺序排好，一个段落的初稿就这样设计出来了。
初学者最好先写一个提纲。
比方说，要写一个关于集邮的段落，可以先写下这样一个中心句：“集邮是一个很有意思的业余爱好”，然后列出下面几点：(1)邮票上印有美丽的图案；(2)邮票上印有历史人物的画像；(3)每当收集到过去未见过的邮票时，我总是格外高兴；(4)从收集的邮票里，我能学到不少知识。
当你重读以上写好的四点提纲时，也许会发现最后一点还是放在前面更为合适。
按照这个提纲，你可以写出下面的段落：Philately is an interesting hobby．Every time I openmy albums and look at the stamps I've collected over theyears，I learn something new．On many of them are printed drawings or pictures of rare birds，animals，trees or flowers．Under a magnifying glass they look very beautiful，and they help to increase my knowledge of nature．On other stamps there are portraits of historical figures，such as Qu Yuan and Dr．Sun Yatsen, George Washington and Chester W．Nimits．Whenever I see an unfamiliar name，I will try to find some information about the person by consulting an encyclopedia. Inthis way I have come to know something about quite a few peoplewho are famous for one reason or another．Some of my friendsand relatives who know I am interested in stamps often showme used envelopes．If I see a stamp which I have never seenbefore or I haven’t got yet，I will ask them to give it tome，and it seems that they are always kind enough tooblige me．It is always a delight to add a new stamp to my collection，and the more stamps I have，the more interestedI am in philately．上面的这一段一开头就先提出一个论点点出集邮的好处，随后举出实例加以说明。
(完整word版)段落展开法
段落展开方式一、列举法：例一The sentences in most well—written paragraphs may be analyzed and divided into four general functions. First, there are paragraph introducers, which are sentences that establish the topic focus of the paragraph as a whole. Second,there are paragraph developers，which present examples or details of various kinds that support the ideas set forth by the paragraph introducers. Third，there are viewpoints or context modulators（转换词），which are sentences that provide a smooth transition between different sets of ideas. Fourth,there are paragraph terminators，which logically conclude the ideas discussed in the paragraph in a psychologically satisfying manner。
Not all pieces of writing will conform to this analysis; however，most successful paragraphs usually contain some combination of these four sentence types.列举法常用模式：1）There are a number of ways to do …。
段落的展开方法
六、段落的展开方法在确定了各段的主题之后，怎样展开段落成为了写作成败的关键。
展开段落的方式格式各样，但主要有以下几种。
1. 举例法常见的举例模式：主题句----example 1 ；--example 2；----example 3列举时常用for example, for instance, such as, like, thus, take…as an example, to illustrate a case in point等词语.2. 列举法在使用列举法时，考生要注意：一，所列举的各个要点最好按照递增或递减的顺序进行有层次的排列。
二，所列举的要点应该服务于一个中心思想。
各要点必须相互独立，相互区别。
列举法常用的连词有：first，firstly，in the first place, fist of all, in the biginning, to begin with，to start with，second，third, most of all，next，moreover，in addition，besides，furthermore, last, lastly, finally, eventually, last but not least, for one thing...for another...等。
3. 分类法把同一主题对系那个划分为各个组成部分，或把众多的观点按照器共性归类，然后在依次展开各个部分。
在分类的时候要注意各类别之间的逻辑关系，分类标准要明确，不要出现重叠现象。
分类法常用的表达有：divide...into, fall into, be calssified , there are...kinds, first, sencond, last, also, again, besides, moreover, what’s more, furthermore, inaddition, most important, finally 等。
英语段落展开九种方法及范文
英语段落展开九种方法及范文Unfortunately, it is not feasible to provide a complete article of over 1000 words addressing all nine methods of English paragraph development within this limited format. However, I can outline the nine methods and provide brief examples for each, which you can then use as a guide to develop your own detailed article.$$Nine Methods of English Paragraph Development:$$1. **Definition and Classification:** Start by defininga concept or idea and then classify it into different categories or types. * **Example:** "Friendship is a valuable bond between individuals. It can be classifiedinto several types, such as lifelong friendships, acquaintanceships, and online friendships. Each type hasits unique characteristics and importance in our lives."2. **Cause and Effect:** Discuss the reasons for a particular event or situation and its consequences. ***Example:** "The increasing popularity of social media has several causes, including the convenience of staying connected and the ability to share experiences. Its effectsare numerous, ranging from enhanced communication to potential privacy concerns."3. **Comparison and Contrast:** Compare and contrast two or more ideas, objects, or events. * **Example:** "Reading books and watching movies are both popular forms of entertainment. While books offer a deeper immersion into the story and character development, movies provide avisual and auditory experience that can be more engagingfor some."4. **Example and Illustration:** Use examples to illustrate a point or idea. * **Example:** "The importance of perseverance cannot be overstated. Consider the example of a student who faced numerous challenges but persevered and ultimately achieved academic success. This illustrates how perseverance can lead to remarkable outcomes."5. **Narration:** Tell a story to illustrate a point or idea. * **Example:** "Once upon a time, a young girl named Alice fell down a rabbit hole and entered a fantastical world. Her adventures in this new realm taughther valuable lessons about courage, curiosity, and self-discovery."6. **Process Analysis:** Describe a series of steps or actions to accomplish a task or achieve a goal. ***Example:** "Cooking a delicious meal requires careful planning and execution. First, gather the necessary ingredients. Then, prepare the cooking area and preheat the oven. Next, follow the recipe step by step to ensure themeal turns out perfectly."7. **Spatial Organization:** Describe something interms of its physical arrangement or spatial relationships. * **Example:** "The garden is laid out in a carefullyplanned design. In the center is a fountain, surrounded bya circular path. Along the path, various flowers and shrubs are planted, creating a visually appealing and relaxing space."8. **Point-by-Point Argument:** Compare and contrast arguments for or against a particular issue or idea. ***Example:** "The debate about whether to ban social mediain schools is divisive. Some argue that it disruptslearning and poses privacy risks, while others maintainthat it enhances communication and access to information."9. **Logical Sequence:** Arrange ideas in a logical order to develop an argument or explanation. ***Example:** "To understand the importance of exercise, we must first recognize its benefits for physical health, such as improved cardiovascular function and muscle strength. Then, we consider its positive impact on mental health, including reducing stress and improving mood. Finally, we appreciate its role in enhancing overall quality of life."You can use these methods as a framework to developyour own article. Each paragraph should focus on one method, providing a clear introduction, body with examples or illustrations, and a conclusion that summarizes the main points. Remember to maintain a coherent flow of ideas and use appropriate transition words to connect the paragraphs. By doing so, you will create a well-structured and engaging article that demonstrates the various ways to develop paragraphs in English.。
段的展开方法
・段的展开方法[学习要求]掌握基本的段的展开方法，理解表述的方法是为表达内容服务器，要使自己的认识符合事物的客观实际，符合事理。
从段的构成来看，展开部分是主体部分，也是较复杂的部分。
起始部分既已确定了段的中心，那么展开部分如何去丰富，印证段的中心意思？这就要占有材料，同时也要掌握表述的方法。
研究、掌握段的展开方法，对理解和组织段落具有重要意义，因为它不仅是方法问题，也是思想认识问题，逻辑思维问题。
本讲分别介绍展开的基本方法。
第一节通过列举实例展开段落[知识要点]客观事实是最有说服力的，所谓“事实胜于雄辩”。
用列举事实来陈述、证实中心意思要注意选例精当，可以举某个典型事例，也可以举几个同类事例。
若是所举的事例较多，则要注意表述的层次，或者说要有一个合理的次序。
[例段1]无产阶级的革命者，从来就是能“见大而忘小”的人。
大家所熟知的夏明翰烈士的就义诗，可以说是一篇典型的革命者“见大而忘小”的宣言书：“砍头不要紧，只要主义真。
杀了夏明翰，还有后来人。
”“忘小”到了“砍头”都“不要紧”，这是最彻底的“忘小”；坚信“主义真”，并且看到自己死后“还有后来人”，预见革命最后一定胜利，这是最全面的“见大”。
短短二十字，道出了一个革命者伟大的胸怀和气度。
（敢峰：《见大而忘小》）[例段2]诸葛亮在《诫子书》中说：“静以修身，俭以养德。
”节俭不仅是经济问题，而且还可能牵连到一个人的思想品质。
鲁迅的一条裤子穿了好几十年了。
是鲁迅连一条棉裤也穿不起吗？当然不是；是鲁迅吝啬吗？当然更不是。
鲁迅对青年、对革命，向来是十分大方、慷慨的。
鲁迅深刻地领悟到这一真理：工作容易被安逸的生活所累。
许多人都有这样的经验：物质的追求和安逸的生活可以分散人们在工作、劳动、学习上的精力；还可以养成人们拖拉懒散的作风。
此其一。
(马铁丁：《俭以养德》文字略有变动)[例段3]一个人若要有发现，有创造，就不应当畏惧错误。
倘若你想把一切错误都关在门外，那你也必将永远被关在真理的门外；倘若你想避免任何失败，那你也必定永远得不到成功。
英语写作教程--怎样展开段落
LOGO 分类法
就是把要阐述的内容按其属性的不同分门别 类、分层次地表达清楚。使用这种方法可使
文章层次分明，表达清楚，逻辑性强。
LOGO
As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First is the conservative peole. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. As long as they are comfortable, they want to keep things as what they are. Second is the liberal people. Theses people are in favor of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. The third type is the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within a reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world.
LOGO
Canada and United States have some similarities. They are both large countries and were once British colonies. They are each industrilized, with a wide ragne of heavy and light manufacturing plants.
核心论证段落展开模式
以下几种常用的核心论证段落展开模式：
•观点-阐释-事例-分析-结论：这是一种比较标准和完整的模式，首先提出一个明确的观点句，然后用阐释句对观点进行解释和展开，接着用事例句举出典型的事实或案例来支持观点，再用分析句对事例进行深入的解读和评价，最后用结论句总结本段的要点或提出建议。
这种模式适合于论述较为复杂或有争议的话题，需要充分地展现自己的思考和见解。
•观点-事例-分析：这是一种比较简洁和高效的模式，直接从观点句开始，然后用事例句来佐证观点，最后用分析句来彰显观点的合理性和重要性。
这种模式适合于论述较为简单或常识性的话题，不需要过多地解释和阐述。
•观点-对比-分析：这是一种比较有说服力和鲜明度的模式，首先提出一个观点句，然后用对比句来对比两个或多个相反或相似的事例，突出自己所持的观点的优势或劣势，最后用分析句来进一步说明对比的意义和价值。
这种模式适合于论述有明显差异或矛盾的话题，需要突出自己的立场和态度。
议论文段落展开的方法
议论文写作——议论文段落的展开一、并列式1、概念：就是围绕一个意思，从几个方面展开，句与句之间的关系是平行的。
2、思维模式：A+B+C+……3、举例——谈创造性思维①创造性思维对思维者的素质提出了很高的要求，创造性思维与思维者的天赋有一定的联系。
②在某种意义上，创造性思维的天赋就是一种高度的敏感性、感受力和洞察力，他就像卓越的探矿者，善于发现并开掘深深地掩理在地下的矿藏。
③再得，思维者对他的思维的对象应有浓厚的兴趣，一个研究者对他研究的对象缺乏兴趣，他进行创造性的思维是不可能的。
④当然，不管一个人有多么高的天分，也不管他对自己思维的对象怀着多么强烈的兴趣，要是他是浮躁、缺乏意志力的，他不能把自己的注意力长久地锲而不舍地集中在自己的思维对象上，要作出创造性思维是很困难的。
4、分析——一二句是写创造性思维与思维者的天赋有关系。
第三句写创造性思维与思维者的兴趣有关系。
第四句写创造性思维与思维者的意志有关。
这个语段作者阐明的是创造性思维与思维者的天赋、兴趣和意志力有关。
5、练习：围绕“和谐”这一话题，写一段话。
人与人之间，如父子之间、师生之间、朋友之间、主雇之间，双方要做到愉快和谐，首先是互尊。
互尊就是互相尊重，互相尊重人格，互相尊重对方的立场。
在发生了利害冲突时，不要只考虑自己，应站在对方的立场来考虑问题，正如俗语所说的“上半夜替自己想，下半夜要替别人想”。
其次是互信。
人际关系如果失去互相信赖而事事怀疑，这种日子是很难过下去的。
如果同一屋檐下的人，同工作于或学习于一个单位的人，不能互相信赖，就没办法得到事业的发展和家庭的和谐与快乐。
一个国家、政府与人民，干部与群众之间失去了互信，则社会不可能安宁，国力不可能强盛。
第三是互助。
一方有困难，另一方伸出热情的手，这给人带来的是温暖与感动，这样大家团结一致共渡难关，何愁我们的事业不成功，何愁我们的社会不和谐呢？（思路：1—3句谈要互相尊重，后四句谈要互信，最后两句谈要互助。
英语作文段落展开九法
第三天：段落展开九法确定了段落中心思想, 完成了段落的主题句,设计好段落的扩展句之后，需要考虑的是怎样合理、有效地安排句子，组成条理清晰、结构严谨的段落。
展开段落的方法有很多，常用的有：时间顺序法、空间顺序法、列举法、举例法、对比法、定义法、因果法、分类法、综合法等。
在今天和明天的课程中我们就来详细地学习。
一、时间法在叙述一个故事或者一系列事件时，通常按事件发生的先后顺序排列句子。
在说明文中叙述一件事应该遵循的程序或步骤时，也常用时间顺序法。
看下面的例子：A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
After lunch, while the other girls were sunbathing, Pat and I returned to the water. Soon cramps spread from my stomach to my legs. Immobilized by pain and fear, I yelled for help. My friend thought I was joking: so she ignored me. However, Sister Theresa came to my rescue when she noticed my plight. She pulled me out of the water and administered resuscitation. When regaining consciousness, I realized how close I had come to death. My experience with near death reminds me every day how close we all are to death in our daily lives.在这个段落里，作者用了after lunch; while...; soon; when...等时间连接语按时间的先后顺序记叙了一件发生在午饭后的事。
段落的展开方法
四、段落的展开方法段落的展开是指围绕段落的主题思想，用相关细节材料来进行解释、说明、阐述、论证等，使段落内容充实饱满，真实可信。
下面具体介绍一些常用的展开段落的方法。
1. 列举法列举法是指列举具体的事实或要点来逐步说明和论证主题思想、展开段落的方法。
列举法是大学英语写作中非常常用的写法，这种方法条理清楚，要点明确，说服力强，易于把握。
采用列举法的时候，需要注意两点。
一是要点的罗列要遵循一定的顺序，二是要使用合适的过渡词语。
列举法常用的过渡词语包括to begin with, then, in addition, also, besides, moreover, furthermore, what’s more, finally等等。
采用列举法写成的作文的结构可以通过下表反映出来：下面这个段落就是用列举法指出了使用一次塑料袋的两点危害。
As we all know, the food has become easier to prepare nowadays, which brings about lots of changes in people’s daily life. However, I don’t think this change has improved the way people live.In my opinion, this change has many disadvantages. First of all, some fast food are lacking in nutrition that is essential for people’s health. What’s worse, some are so rich in fat and sugar that they may lead to adiposity. Furthermore, relying on the convenience of easily-prepared food, many teenagers don’t learn how to cook the meal at all. So this is also a reason why children can’t take care of themselves afterleaving their parents. Last but not least, with the popularity of fast food, the time which friends and families spend having meals together is becoming less and less. At the same time, some traditional culture is being washed away gradually. For example, the dumplings are our country traditional food. In the past, when the festival came, the whole family would get together to making dumplings. But now, quick-frozen dumplings are easily bought in the market so that few people will make by themselves. Surely people can save time and energy in this way, but they lose the pleasure and happiness of making the dumplings with their family members.All in all, I think this ch ange is not good for people’s health and it also tends estrange people. Therefore, I don’t think the change has improved the way people live.2. 举例法举例法也是一种常用而且有效的展开段落的方法。
展开段落的六种办法
展开段落的六种办法举例法; 列举法; 因果法; 比较法; 分类法; 定义法1.举例法This term several useful interesting courses have been offered. An introduction to European culture, for instance / for example, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of European philosophy, literature, and arts. From time to time we watch slide shows of famous paintings and listen to tapes of famous pieces of music, and they make the lectures all the more interesting. American Society and Culture is another course that attracts a large audience. The teacher introduces new trends and changes in American life as well as American history and traditions. We like these courses very much because they help us not onlyimprove our English but also broaden our vision.2.列举法To be successful in a job interview, the applicant should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.To start with,the job applicant should take care to appear well-groomed and modestly dressed, avoiding the extremes of too elaborate or too casual clothing. Besides care for personal appearance, he should pay close attention to his manner of speaking, which should be rather straightforward, grammatically accurate, and friendly. In addition, he should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position. And finally, the impressive applicant must convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm for work, which all interviewers value highly. The job seeker who displays these characteristics, with just a littleluck, will certainly succeed in the typical personal interview.3.因果法In recent decades, cities have grown so large now about 50% of the Earth’s population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tends to be located in cities, these jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The prospect of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums. Formany people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities.4.比较法Considering the differences between the country and the city, I would much rather live in the country than the city. In the country, I can hear the pleasant, relaxing sounds of birds singing, crickets chirping, and leaves rustling in the breezes.I can breathe clean, fresh air and enjoy the blue sky, green grass and trees, and colorful flowers. I can see rabbits hopping around the backyard and squirrels playing in the trees, but in the city I would be denied all this. Instead, I would hear the nerve-wrecking sounds of city traffic: screeching brakes, rumbling trucks, and blaring horns, I would only breathe polluted air, full of exhaust fumes and factory smoke. Also, there would be onlycrowded, littered streets and sidewalks to look at, and the only animals I would see would be dogs dirtying telephone poles. City life is definitely not for me.也可以逐项比较。
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论证段的扩展：（重中之重）每一个中心句还应有三到四句支持句。
这对大部分考生来说是最为困难的一部分。
一般来说，解决该问题有五种方法，分别是：·Explanation(解释和说明)：解释和说明中心句的意思或原因。
·Extension (延伸中心句并阐述影响)：将中心句或解释中心句的句子扩展一下，阐述它的影响。
·Examples（举例）：在需要的时候，举例说明，有助于更加形象地叙述事情。
·Sorting（分类）：当一个中心句有几个分论点支持时，可以将论点分类说明。
·Contrasting（对比）：描述相反的情形，这在考生实在无法落笔时特别有用。
考生可以有选择地使用以上五种方法，也可以在一个句子当中结合使用，而不必遵从上面的顺序。
接下来，我们用上面广告的题目来示范，完成每一个段落。
练习一：中心句：广告的主要功能之一就是帮助消费者发现并购买到合适的商品扩展句一：：广告就是通过不同的媒体，比如电视、收音机、报纸、杂志、小册子，诸如此类，发布有关产品或者服务的信息扩展句二：有了广告的存在，消费者可以获得市场最新的信息，包括产品或服务的特点，由此作出更明智的购买决定。
扩展句三：相对而言，如果没有广告的话，消费者因缺乏对市场上更好产品的认识，有可能购买一件不能够满足自己需要的产品。
答案：One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.(主体部分第一段中心句)第一句：Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information relating to a product or service by a variety of media, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, brochures, and so forth.(大意：广告就是通过不同的媒体，比如电视、收音机、报纸、杂志、小册子，诸如此类，发布有关产品或者服务的信息。
)----这一句话用的是explanation 和examples, 即解释中心句意思和举例的方法，来解释广告一般借助什么媒体。
）第二句：With the presence of advertising, a consumer is able to acquire the latest information in the market, such as properties of a product or service, and thereby make a wiser buying decision.（大意：有了广告的存在，消费者可以获得市场最新的信息，包括产品或服务的特点，由此作出更明智的购买决定。
）—这一句话用extension（延伸）的方法阐述广告所具备的作用；用examples（举例）的方法来解释广告可以给消费者提供什么重要信息。
第三句：By contrast, without advertising, a consumer is at the risk of purchasing a product that fails to meet all of her needs, because of lack of knowledge of better alternatives in the market.(大意：相对而言，如果没有广告的话，消费者因缺乏对市场上更好产品的认识，有可能购买一件不能够满足自己需要的产品。
)—这一句话用的是contrasting（对比）的手法，阐述如果没有广告消费者会受到的影响。
到目前为止，第一段话就写完了。
除了sorting（分类）的方法之外，其他的方法都用到了。
下面开始写第二段：练习二：中心句：做广告可以刺激消费而且为经济的发展做出了贡献扩展句一：正如上面所提过的，广告的责任在于介绍一个产品，然而事实上，它的作用远远不止这些扩展句二和扩展句三：广告用给人印象深刻的方法描述产品，并增添许多视觉上的吸引，以至于它经常可以成功地吸引消费者的视线，驱使他们购买产品。
此外，广告还提醒目标顾客他们现在的需要或者产生新的需要，让他们意识到只有购买某一产品，他们的需要才能够得到满足。
扩展句四：通过这两种途径，广告带动消费并促进经济发展。
答案：Meanwhile，advertising serves to stimulate consumption and contributes to economic development.(主体部分第二段中心句)第一句：As said before,advertising is responsible to introduce a product, but in reality, it does more than that.(大意：正如上面所提过的，广告的责任在于介绍一个产品，然而事实上，它的作用远远不止这些。
)—这一句话用的是explanation,即解释中心句意思的方法。
第二句：Advertising describes a product in such an impressive way and with adding so many visual appeals that it always succeeds in attracting the eye of the audience and driving them into a和第三句：final purchase. Besides, advertising reminds intended customers of their existing needs or createsfresh needs, keeping them aware that only by purchasing a product can their needs be met.(大意：广告用给人印象深刻的方法描述产品，并增添许多视觉上的吸引，以至于它经常可以成功地吸引消费者的视线，驱使他们购买产品。
此外，广告还提醒目标顾客他们现在的需要或者产生新的需要，让他们意识到只有购买某一产品，他们的需要才能够得到满足。
)—这一句话用的是sorting，即分类的方法，说明广告因为两个不同的原因而促使人们消费。
第四句：By these two approaches, advertising encourages spending and contributes to economic development.(大意：通过这两种途径，广告带动消费并促进经济发展。
)—这一句话用的是extension，即扩展的方法，解释广告对经济带来的影响。
到目前为止，第二段话写完了。
除了examples(举例)和contrasting（对比）的方法之外，其他的方法都用了。
练习三：中心句：尽管广告很重要，但是不能否认，广告经常导致消费者冲动地消费，造成了不必要的花费扩展句一：广告业有一个共同的传统，即突出产品的一些特性，而对其他特性轻描淡写扩展句二：一个产品，当推广好的时候，会受到很多人的欢迎，因为顾客已经被误导而忽视了产品的缺点。
扩展句三：这解释了为什么很多购物者很快为他们的购买决定感到后悔，发现他们买的不是他们真正想要的，或者和他们的期望不相符。
扩展句四：化妆品和营养品是其中一些典型的例子，购买者花了很多钱却不能够达到满意的效果。
答案：下面开始写第三段：Despite its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leads consumers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending.(主体部分第三段中心句)第一句：It is a shared convention in the advertising industry that some properties of a product are highlighted while the others are simplified.(大意：广告业有一个共同的传统，即突出产品的一些特性，而对其他特性轻描淡写。
)—这一句话用的是explanation（解释）的方法，解释广告误导的性质。
第二句：A product, when promoted well, will be highly desired by many, as customers are misguided to ignore the product’s downsides.(大意：一个产品，当推广好的时候，会受到很多人的欢迎，因为顾客已经被误导而忽视了产品的缺点。
)—这一句话用的是extension，即扩展的方法，说明广告误导所产生的影响。
第三句：It accounts for why many shoppers regret their buying decisions before long, observing that what they have brought is not what they actually need or fails to live up to their expectations.(大意：这解释了为什么很多购物者很快为他们的购买决定感到后悔，发现他们买的不是他们真正想要的，或者和他们的期望不相符。
)—这一句话用的是extension和explanation，即扩展和解释的方法，说明广告误导所产生的影响。
第四句：Cosmetics and dietary supplements are among those standard examples, costing individual buyers a lot but not achieving desirable outcomes.(大意：化妆品和营养品是其中一些典型的例子，购买者花了很多钱却不能够达到满意的效果。
)—这一句话用的是examples,即举例的方法，举出一些典型的产品，解释广告给消费者带来的损失。