外文翻译---汽车车身总布置的方法

附录Modern car’s design always stresses people-oriented, so safety, comfort, Environmental protection and energy saving have been the design theme And target in car design. Ergonomics layout design is not only relate to the effective use of internal space and improve car’s comfort and safety Performance, but it will also impact internal and external modeling results, and further affects the vehicle's overall performance and marketability.Soergonomics’application and research during car design and development process occupy an important position.After more than 50 years of construction and development, China’s Automobile industry has become the leading power of automobile production and consumption in the world. In particular, with the rise and rapid de velopment of independent brand’s vehicles, we pay more attention To the development processes and the technical requirements of hard Points’ layout.Through the three typical processes such as modern vehicle developing Process, body development process and using ergonomic to progress Inner auto-body layout, describe ergonomic layoationship between design, Aunt design in which stage of the process of vehicle development, the red The importance of working steps.The automobile body total arrangement is the automobile design most initial is also the most essential step, is other design stage premise and the foundation, to a great extent is deciding the body design success or failure. Picks generally in the actual design process With by forward and reverse two design method(1) to design (from inside to outside law) to design method namely "humanist", is coming based on the human body arrangement tool to define the pilot and the crew member gradually rides the space and the vehicle comes to pay tribute each article the arrangement, take satisfies the human body to ride with the driving comfortableness as the premise, said simply is determined first satisfies the human body to ride under the comfortable premise, carries on the indoor arrangement first, then carries on the complete bikes external styling design again. The concrete method and the step are as follows:①Determine 5% and 95% manikin H position and the chair by the SAE recommendation's enjoyable line or the region law adjustment traveling schedule, seatback cushion angle;②Before definite fixed end department space size H61 and H63, the back row rides spatial, the crosswise spatial size and so on (this a size and the modelling style are closely related, must consult the determination repeatedly with the modelling personnel)③Transfers the automobile body always to arrange the tool and to unify the inner space control size, in definite complete bikes minister, width, high size, and carries on pilot's field of vision design as well as the display board, the steering wheel and the control mechanism arrangement;④Based on automobile body interior arrangement determination complete bikes external dimensions. the above step often does alternately repeatedly in the practical application process.(2) the reverse design (method, is suitable in modification vehicle design the reverse design basic philosophy is from outside to inside) in refers to the same type vehicle or based on some platform foundation, designs the experience using the expert, carries on the complete bikes aberration or the modification design. Is also first determined that complete bikes's rank, always arranges the outside measurement, then based on this, carries on the automobile body indoor arrangement, with every effort reasonably satisfies the complete bikes comfortableness, the field of vision and the operation conveniences. In fact this is one kind the design method which starts from zero, needs to design repeatedly and to optimize. The modern automobile design uses this arrangement method much from outside to inside, generally first designated that several sections with the pre-design vehicle type similar (design, complete bikes size, power, efficiency) compete the vehicle type, and uses the existing chassis platform to carry on the design to optimize (security, comfortableness, power and efficient and so on), then carries on the modelling to suppose to count, the inside and outside superficial CAS design, CLASSA (A level surface pattern layout), finally determines the complete bikes typical section, the complete bikes automobile body structure.In always arranges in the design process, the key work is determined that the decision vehicle type technical level and the modelling style always arrange the size. In the total scheme of arrangement's definite process, must take satisfy the man-machine project request as the principle, rides comfortableness, the security, the operation conveniences, on to get out and so on to take the primary factor consideration conveniences. In the automobile body always arranges in the design,should consider the person - vehicle - road systematic synthesis optimization fully. Reasonable man-machine project arrangement design, not only relates in the effective use vehicle the space and the enhancement rides comfortableness, will also affect in the vehicle, the external styling and the complete bikes size parameter, will further affect the complete bikes performance and the market competitiveness. The human body engineering design's essential requirements are operate the convenience and comfortableness, namely with every effort satisfies the different stature and the posture driver to operates the hand and foot extends and the natural and posture comfortableness as well as the field of vision request. The man-machine engineering design mainly draws support the SAE method and the tool. Has following several side in automobile design's application the surface:①In automobile driving security and vehicle crew member's human body preservation technology;②On gets out the conveniences; Vehicle door opening angle, vehicle door channel size; Vehicle doorframe mouth size; Vehicle door highly, width and thickness size; First-level steps height above terrain and position; The crew member takes a seat the subsequent party to extend and to close the door knob the size; The door lock inside and outside handle's shape, the size, the position, the hand extend the space and the opening way;③Automobile inner space size and chair overall size Before and after R spot position and first R spot regulation band; Forehead space size; First, the back row place rides the space; Back seat comfortable size; The crosswise spatial size (encircles take vehicle door and side as reference);④Pilot field of vision design; Direct front ground field of vision; Traffic light field of vision; A column barrier angle; Outside rear view mirror field of vision; Immediate rear field of vision and indirect rear area field of vision; Display board field of vision;⑤The pilot operates the conveniences; Foot board (accelerator pedal, clutch pedal, brake pedal) position and activity space; The hand control pole (trades boring bar, hand brake lever, door window glass lifter); In the cockpit serves the part (air conditioning, radio, pole changer, light switch and so on);Body layout of the whole process is characterized by physical, models, drawings, model, and so to transmit information, at least 1:5 sludge model, full-size model and sludge-like vehicles such as the production stage to a 1:5 model of sludge, 1 : Afull-size oil sludge model, real vehicle three wind tunnel tests; body but also the raw data for the body to retain the main drawing board, the main body model. With the development of computer technology, high-speed graphics workstations and the emergence of terminals, the introduction of CAD / CAM, and other modern methods in the design of vehicle design. This approach (the traditional method of body CAD) one of the main work is to use computer-aided geometric design (CAGD) approach to body geometric design, that is, on a computer model to establish a body surface to replace the traditional design of three-dimensional solid model . However, both the traditional manual design, or CAD design of the traditional method of body, a body will inevitably have effects mapping, body oil sludge kind of model, such as Buju This greatly increases the design and development cycle and cost.Therefore, the establishment of a car body computer-aided design and analysis methods - virtual prototype design of great significance. A virtual prototype car body design, is an innovative product development process, shorten the cycle to reduce costs, improve product design quality, improve the efficiency of product development effective way. A virtual prototype design, manufacturing in the first physical prototype before, using computer simulation model to test various design options, manufacturers do not have to waste the time required for physical prototype and funding, can be optimized and the optimal design Programme at the same time on the computer can easily identify and modify the design defects, and gradually optimize the design, not only to reduce the number of costly physical prototype, but also improve the quality of the product design, greatly shorten the product development cycle.汽车车身总布置的方法现代轿车设计处处强调以人为本，安全、舒适、环保、节能一直是轿车设计的主题和追求的目标。