美国FDA21CFR110部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范
美国良好操作规范(GMP—21CFRPart111)
[联邦法规][Title 21, Volume 2] [标题21，第2卷][Revised as of April 1, 2008] [日期为2008年4月1日][CITE: 21CFR111] [引用：21CFR111]TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS 标题21 -食品和药物CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 第一章-食品和药物管理局DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 部卫生与公众服务SUBCHAPTER B--FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION 子章节B 组-人类食用的食物PART 111 第111 CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PACKAGING, LABELING, OR HOLDING OPERATIONS FOR DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 现行良好操作规在制造，包装，标签，或对食品补充剂控股作业Subpart A--General Provisions 子部分-一般规定Sec. 秒。
111.1 Who is subject to this part? 111.1谁是受这部分？(a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, you are subject to this part if you manufacture, package, label, or hold a dietary supplement, including: （一）除提供段（二本节），你必须遵守，如果你这部分的制造，包装，标签，或持有饮食的补充，其中包括：(1) A dietary supplement you manufacture but that is packaged or labeled by another person; and （1）膳食补充剂，但你制造的包装物或由他人标记;及(2) A dietary supplement imported or offered for import in any State or territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. （2）膳食补充剂进口或在任何国家或美国境的进口提供，哥伦比亚特区，或波多黎各联邦。
美国良好操作规范(GMP—21CFRPart111)之欧阳家百创编
[联邦法规]欧阳家百（2021.03.07）[Title 21, Volume 2] [标题21，第2卷][Revised as of April 1, 2008] [日期为2008年4月1日][CITE: 21CFR111] [引用：21CFR111]TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS 标题21 -食品和药物CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 第一章-食品和药物管理局DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 部卫生与公众服务SUBCHAPTER B--FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION 子章节B 组-人类食用的食物PART 111 第111 CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PACKAGING, LABELING, OR HOLDING OPERATIONS FOR DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 现行良好操作规范在制造，包装，标签，或对食品补充剂控股作业Subpart A--General Provisions 子部分-一般规定Sec. 秒。
111.1 Who is subject to this part? 111.1谁是受这部分？(a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, you are subject to this part if you manufacture, package, label, or hold a dietary supplement, including: （一）除提供段（二本节），你必须遵守，如果你这部分的制造，包装，标签，或持有饮食的补充，其中包括：(1) A dietary supplement you manufacture but that is packaged or labeled by another person; and （1）膳食补充剂，但你制造的包装物或由他人标记;及(2) A dietary supplement imported or offered for import in any State or territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. （2）膳食补充剂进口或在任何国家或美国境内的进口提供，哥伦比亚特区，或波多黎各联邦。
美国FDA《联邦规章典集》(CFR)第21篇目录(中英文)
美国FDA《联邦规章典集》（CFR）第21篇目录中文版概述：美国《联邦规章典集》（Code of Federal Regulations，CFR）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）共有9卷（Volume）、3章（Chapter）、1499部（Parts）。
其中：第1―8卷第1章第1―1299部，为健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（Food and Drug Administration，Department of Health and Human Services）的规章；第9卷第2章第1300―1399部，为司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）的规章；第9卷第3章第1400―1499部，为毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）的规章。
第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）的概况卷（Volume）章（Chapter）部（Parts）规制机关（Regulatory Entity）1 Ⅰ1-99 健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）2 100-1693 170-1994 200-2995 300-4996 500-5997 600-7998 800-12999 Ⅱ1300-1399 司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）Ⅲ1400-1499 毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）的章、部目录部(Part) 中译文原英文第Ⅰ章―健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（CHAPTER Ⅰ―FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）第A分章―总则（SUBCHAPTER A―GENERAL）1 一般强制执行规章GENERAL ENFORCEMENT REGULATIONS2 一般行政规则与决定GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULINGS AND DECISIONS3 产品管辖权PRODUCT JURISDICTION5 组织ORGANIZATION7 强制执行政策ENFORCEMENT POLICY10 行政规范与程序ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES11 电子化记录；电子化签名ELECTRONIC RECORDS; ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES12 正式证据的公众听证FORMAL EVIDENTIARY PUBLIC HEARING13 在公众质询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC BOARD OF INQUIRY14 在公众咨询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE15 在FDA局长前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSIONER16 在FDA前的规制性听证REGULATORY HEARING BEFORE THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION17 行政罚款听证CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES HEARINGS19 行为标准与利益冲突STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST20 公共信息PUBLIC INFORMATION21 隐私保护PROTECTION OF PRIVACY25 环境影响考虑ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS26 药品良好制造规范报告、医疗器械质量体系核查报告以及某些医疗器械产品评价报告的互认：美国与欧共体MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF PHARMACEUTICAL GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE REPORTS, MEDICAL DEVICE QUALITY SYSTEM AUDIT REPORTS, AND CERTAIN MEDICAL DEVICE PRODUCT EVALUATION REPORTS: UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY50 人类受试者的保护PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS54 临床试验者的财务公开FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE BY CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS56 机构审查委员会INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS58 对非临床实验室研究的良好实验室规范GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE FOR NONCLINICAL LABORATORY STUDIES60 专利期恢复PATENT TERM RESTORATION70 色素添加剂COLOR ADDITIVES71 色素添加剂申请COLOR ADDITIVE PETITIONS73 免除认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION74 适用认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES SUBJECT TO CERTIFICATION80 色素添加剂认证COLOR ADDITIVE CERTIFICATION81 用于食品、药品和化妆品的临时性色素添加剂的一般规范和一般限制GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL RESTRICTIONS FOR PROVISIONAL COLOR ADDITIVES FOR USE IN FOODS, DRUGS, AND COSMETICS82 经认证的临时性列表的色素和规范的列表LISTING OF CERTIFIED PROVISIONALLY LISTED COLORS AND SPECIFICATIONS83-98 [预留的] [Reserved]99 已上市的药品、生物制品和器械的未经批准的/新的用途的信息的发布DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ON UNAPPROVED/NEW USES FOR MARKETED DRUGS, BIOLOGICS, AND DEVICES第B分章―用于人类消费的食品（SUBCHAPTER B―FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION）100 总则GENERAL101 食品标识FOOD LABELING102 非标准化食品的普通的或者通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAME FOR NONSTANDARDIZED FOODS 104 食品的营养质量指南NUTRITIONAL QUALITY GUIDELINES FOR FOODS105 特殊膳食用途的食品FOODS FOR SPECIAL DIETARY USE106 婴儿配方母乳替代食品质量控制程序INFANT FORMULA QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES107 婴儿配方母乳替代食品INFANT FORMULA108 紧急许可控制EMERGENCY PERMIT CONTROL109 在人类食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL110 在制造、包装或者保存人类食品中的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE INMANUFACTURING, PACKING, OR HOLDING HUMAN FOOD113 装在密封容器中的热加工低酸食品THERMALLY PROCESSED LOW-ACID FOODS PACKAGED IN HERMETICALLY SEALED CONTAINERS114 酸化食品ACIDIFIED FOODS115 带壳蛋SHELL EGGS119 存在显著或者不合理风险的膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS THAT PRESENT A SIGNIFICANT OR UNREASONABLE RISK120 危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）体系HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS123 鱼与渔业产品FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS129 饮用水加工与装瓶PROCESSING AND BOTTLING OF BOTTLED DRINKING WATER130 食品标准：总则FOOD STANDARDS: GENERAL131 乳与奶油MILK AND CREAM133 乳酪与相关乳酪产品CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS135 冷冻点心FROZEN DESSERTS136 烘焙产品BAKERY PRODUCTS137 谷物粉与相关产品CEREAL FLOURS AND RELATED PRODUCTS139 通心粉与面条产品MACARONI AND NOODLE PRODUCTS145 罐装水果CANNED FRUITS146 罐装水果汁CANNED FRUIT JUICES150 水果黄油、果冻、防腐剂以及相关产品FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS 152 水果馅饼FRUIT PIES155 罐装蔬菜CANNED VEGETABLES156 蔬菜汁VEGETABLE JUICES158 冷冻蔬菜FROZEN VEGETABLES160 蛋与蛋制品EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS161 鱼与有壳的水生动物FISH AND SHELLFISH163 可可制品CACAO PRODUCTS164 树坚果与花生制品TREE NUT AND PEANUT PRODUCTS165 饮料BEVERAGES166 人造黄油MARGARINE168 增甜剂与餐桌糖浆SWEETENERS AND TABLE SIRUPS169 食品敷料与调味料FOOD DRESSINGS AND FLAVORINGS170 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES171 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS172 允许直接加入用于人类消费食品的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION173 在用于人类消费的食品中允许的次直接的食品添加剂SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION174 间接食品添加剂：总则INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: GENERAL175 间接食品添加剂：胶粘剂与涂层的组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS176 间接食品添加剂：纸与纸板组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS 177 间接食品添加剂：聚合体INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS178 间接食品添加剂：辅剂、生产助剂和消毒剂INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS179 在食品生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND HANDLING OF FOOD180 在额外试验期间临时在食品或者在与食品接触中被允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD OR IN CONTACT WITH FOOD ON AN INTERIM BASIS PENDING ADDITIONAL STUDY181 先前核准的食品配料PRIOR-SANCTIONED FOOD INGREDIENTS182 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE184 被确认为一般认为安全的直接食品物质DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE186 被确认为一般认为安全的间接食品物质INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE189 禁止用于人类食品的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN HUMAN FOOD190 膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS191-199 [预留的] [Reserved]第C分章―药品：总则（SUBCHAPTER C―DRUGS: GENERAL）200 总则GENERAL201 标识LABELING202 处方药广告PRESCRIPTION DRUG ADVERTISING203 处方药销售PRESCRIPTION DRUG MARKETING205 对批发处方药销售商颁发州执照的指南GUIDELINES FOR STATE LICENSING OF WHOLESALE PRESCRIPTION DRUG DISTRIBUTORS206 人用固体口服剂型药品的印码IMPRINTING OF SOLID ORAL DOSAGE FORM DRUG PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE207 药品生产者的登记与商业销售的药品的列表REGISTRATION OF PRODUCERS OF DRUGS AND LISTING OF DRUGS IN COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION208 处方药的药物治疗指导MEDICATION GUIDES FOR PRESCRIPTION DRUG PRODUCTS210 制造、加工、包装或者保存药品的现行良好制造规范；总则CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING OF DRUGS; GENERAL211 对完成的药品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS216 药房配药PHARMACY COMPOUNDING225 对含药饲料的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICATED FEEDS226 对A型含药物品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR TYPE A MEDICATED ARTICLES250 对特殊人用药品的特殊要求SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC HUMAN DRUGS290 管制的药品CONTROLLED DRUGS299 药品；正式名称与已确定的名称DRUGS; OFFICIAL NAMES AND ESTABLISHED NAMES第D分章―人用药品（SUBCHAPTER D―DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE）300 总则GENERAL310 新药NEW DRUGS312 试验用新药申请INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION314 为FDA批准上市新药的申请APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG315 诊断用放射性药品DIAGNOSTIC RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS316 罕见病药ORPHAN DRUGS320 生物利用度与生物等效性要求BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS328 含有酒精的预期用于口部摄入的非处方药品OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR ORAL INGESTION THAT CONTAIN ALCOHOL330 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的非处方人用药品OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN DRUGS WHICH ARE GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED331 用于非处方的人类使用的抗酸产品ANTACID PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN USE 332 用于非处方的人类使用的抗胃肠气胀产品ANTIFLATULENT PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE333 用于非处方的人类使用的局部抗菌药品TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOROVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE335 用于非处方的人类使用的止泻药品ANTIDIARRHEAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE336 用于非处方的人类使用的止吐药品ANTIEMETIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE338 用于非处方的人类使用的帮助夜间睡眠的药品NIGHTTIME SLEEP-AID DRUG PRODUCTS FOROVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE340 用于非处方的人类使用的兴奋药品STIMULANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE341 用于非处方的人类使用的感冒、咳嗽、过敏症药、支气管扩张以及平喘药品COLD, COUGH, ALLERGY, BRONCHODILATOR, AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE343 用于非处方的人类使用的内服的止痛、退热以及抗风湿药品INTERNAL ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC, AND ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE344 用于非处方的人类使用的局部的耳部药品TOPICAL OTIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE346 用于非处方的人类使用的肛肠药品ANORECTAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE347 用于非处方的人类使用的皮肤保护药品SKIN PROTECTANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE348 用于非处方的人类使用的外部的止痛药品EXTERNAL ANALGESIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOROVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE349 用于非处方的人类使用的眼科药品OPHTHALMIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE350 用于非处方的人类使用的止汗药品ANTIPERSPIRANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE352 用于非处方的人类使用的遮光药品SUNSCREEN DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE [STAYED INDEFINITELY]355 用于非处方的人类使用的防龋药品ANTICARIES DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE357 用于非处方的人类使用的其他内服药品MISCELLANEOUS INTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOROVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE358 用于非处方的人类使用的其他外用药品MISCELLANEOUS EXTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOROVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE361 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的处方人用药品：用于研究的药品PRESCRIPTION DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED: DRUGS USED IN RESEARCH369 在用于非处方销售的药品与器械上关于警告的解释性声明INTERPRETATIVE STATEMENTS RE WARNINGS ON DRUGS AND DEVICES FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER SALE370-499 [预留的] [Reserved]第E分章―动物药品、饮料和相关产品（SUBCHAPTER E―ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS）500 总则GENERAL501 动物食品标识ANIMAL FOOD LABELING502 非标准化的动物食品的普通的或通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAMES FOR NONSTANDARDIZED ANIMAL FOODS509 在动物食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN ANIMAL FOOD AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL510 新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS511 作为试验用途的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR INVESTIGATIONAL USE514 新动物药申请NEW ANIMAL DRUG APPLICATIONS515 含药饲料厂执照MEDICATED FEED MILL LICENSE520 口服剂型的新动物药ORAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS522 植入或者注射剂型的新动物药IMPLANTATION OR INJECTABLE DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS 524 眼科和局部剂型的新动物药OPHTHALMIC AND TOPICAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS526 乳房内的剂型INTRAMAMMARY DOSAGE FORMS529 某些其他剂型的新动物药CERTAIN OTHER DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS530 在动物中的特别标签药品使用EXTRALABEL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS556 在食品中新动物药残留的容许量TOLERANCES FOR RESIDUES OF NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN FOOD558 用于动物饲料的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS564 [预留的] [Reserved]570 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES571 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS573 在动物饲料与饮用水中允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS579 在动物饲料和宠物食品的生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING, AND HANDLING OF ANIMAL FEED AND PET FOOD582 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE584 在动物饲料与饮用水中被确认为一般认为安全的食品物质FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS589 禁止用于动物食品或者饲料的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED 590-599 [预留的] [Reserved]第F分章―生物制品（SUBCHAPTER F―BIOLOGICS）600 生物制品：总则BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: GENERAL601 颁发执照LICENSING606 对血液与血液组分的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS607 对人类血液与血液制品的制造者的机构登记与产品列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND PRODUCT LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS OF HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS610 普通生物制品标准GENERAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS STANDARDS630 对血液、血液组分和血液衍生物的一般要求GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BLOOD, BLOOD COMPONENTS, AND BLOOD DERIVATIVES640 对人类血液和血液制品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS660 对用于实验室检测的诊断物质的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES FORLABORATORY TESTS680 对其他产品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS第G分章―化妆品（SUBCHAPTER G―COSMETICS）700 总则GENERAL701 化妆品标识COSMETIC LABELING710 化妆品机构的自愿登记VOLUNTARY REGISTRATION OF COSMETIC PRODUCT ESTABLISHMENTS720 化妆品配料构成声明的自愿存档VOLUNTARY FILING OF COSMETIC PRODUCT INGREDIENT COMPOSITION STATEMENTS740 化妆品警告声明COSMETIC PRODUCT WARNING STATEMENTS741-799 [预留的] [Reserved]第H分章―医疗器械（SUBCHAPTER H―MEDICAL DEVICES）800 总则GENERAL801 标识LABELING803 医疗器械报告MEDICAL DEVICE REPORTING806 医疗器械；改正与移动的报告MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS807 对器械的制造者与首次进口者的机构登记与器械列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND DEVICE LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS AND INITIAL IMPORTERS OF DEVICES808 对州和地方医疗器械要求的联邦优先权的豁免EXEMPTIONS FROM FEDERAL PREEMPTION OF STATE AND LOCAL MEDICAL DEVICE REQUIREMENTS809 人用体外诊断产品IN VITRO DIAGNOSTIC PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE810 医疗器械召回权MEDICAL DEVICE RECALL AUTHORITY812 试验用器械豁免INVESTIGATIONAL DEVICE EXEMPTIONS813 [预留的] [Reserved]814 医疗器械的上市前批准PREMARKET APPROVAL OF MEDICAL DEVICES820 质量体系规章QUALITY SYSTEM REGULATION821 医疗器械跟踪要求MEDICAL DEVICE TRACKING REQUIREMENTS822 上市后监视POSTMARKET SURVEILLANCE860 医疗器械分类程序MEDICAL DEVICE CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES861 性能标准制定程序PROCEDURES FOR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT862 临床化学与临床毒理学器械CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES864 血液学与病理学器械HEMATOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY DEVICES866 免疫学与微生物学器械IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES868 麻醉学器械ANESTHESIOLOGY DEVICES870 心血管器械CARDIOVASCULAR DEVICES872 牙科器械DENTAL DEVICES874 耳、鼻和咽器械EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DEVICES876 胃肠病学-泌尿学器械GASTROENTEROLOGY-UROLOGY DEVICES878 普通与整形外科器械GENERAL AND PLASTIC SURGERY DEVICES880 普通医院与个人使用器械GENERAL HOSPITAL AND PERSONAL USE DEVICES882 神经学器械NEUROLOGICAL DEVICES884 产科与妇科学器械OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES886 眼科器械OPHTHALMIC DEVICES888 矫形外科器械ORTHOPEDIC DEVICES890 内科学器械PHYSICAL MEDICINE DEVICES892 放射学器械RADIOLOGY DEVICES895 禁止的器械BANNED DEVICES898 电极铅线与患者电缆的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR ELECTRODE LEAD WIRES AND PATIENT CABLES第I分章―乳房造影质量标准法（SUBCHAPTER I―MAMMOGRAPHY QUALITY STANDARDS ACT）900 乳房造影法MAMMOGRAPHY第J分章―放射学的健康（SUBCHAPTER J―RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH）1000 总则GENERAL1002 记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS1003 缺陷与未能守法的通报NOTIFICATION OF DEFECTS OR FAILURE TO COMPLY1004 电子产品的回购、修理或者置换REPURCHASE, REPAIRS, OR REPLACEMENT OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1005 电子产品的进口IMPORTATION OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1010 电子产品的性能标准：总则PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS: GENERAL 1020 电离辐射发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR IONIZING RADIATION EMITTING PRODUCTS1030 微波与射电频率发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR MICROWAVE AND RADIO FREQUENCY EMITTING PRODUCTS1040 发光产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR LIGHT-EMITTING PRODUCTS1050 声波、次声波和超声波发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR SONIC, INFRASONIC, AND ULTRASONIC RADIATION-EMITTING PRODUCTS第K分章―[预留的]（SUBCHAPTER K―[RESERVED]）第L分章―根据由食品与药品管理局行政执行的某些其他法的规章（SUBCHAPTER L―REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION）1210 根据《联邦进口乳法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL IMPORT MILK ACT1230 根据《联邦腐蚀性毒物法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL CAUSTIC POISON ACT1240 传染病的控制CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES1250 州际运输卫生INTERSTATE CONVEYANCE SANITATION1251-1269 [预留的] [Reserved]1270 预期用于移植的人体组织HUMAN TISSUE INTENDED FOR TRANSPLANTATION1271 人体细胞、组织以及细胞的和基于组织的产品HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR ANDTISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS1272-1299 [预留的] [Reserved]第Ⅱ章―司法部毒品强制执行局（CHAPTER Ⅱ―DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OFJUSTICE）1300 定义DEFINITIONS1301 管制物质的制造者、分销者和调剂者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, AND DISPENSERS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1302 对管制物质的标识与包装要求LABELING AND PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1303 定额QUOTAS1304 登记者的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF REGISTRANTS1305 令的格式ORDER FORMS1306 处方PRESCRIPTIONS1307 杂项MISCELLANEOUS1308 管制物质的表SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1309 表I化学品的制造者、分销者、进口者和出口者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS OF LIST I CHEMICALS1310 列入表的化学品和某些机器的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF LISTED CHEMICALS AND CERTAIN MACHINES1311 [预留的] [Reserved]1312 管制物质的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1313 前体与必要化学品的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF PRECURSORS AND ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS1314-1315 [预留的] [Reserved]1316 行政职能、规范和程序ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS, PRACTICES, AND PROCEDURES第Ⅲ章―毒品控制政策办公室（CHAPTER Ⅲ―Office of National Drug Control Policy）1400 [预留的] [Reserved]1401 信息的公众可及性PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION1402 强制性解密审查MANDATORY DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW1403 对给予州和地方政府资金和合作协议的统一行政要求UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS1404 政府范围的排除与暂停（非获得）GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT)1405 对无毒品工作场所的政府范围的要求（财政援助）GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE)1406-1499 [预留的] [Reserved]。
21 CFR part110-美国FDA食品生产企业GMP
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP（良好操作规范）法规（21 CFR part110）A 总则§110.3定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品法（以下简称该法案）第210节中术语的定义和解释适用于本法规的同类术语，下列定义亦同样适用：（a）酸性食品或酸化食品（Acid foods or acidified foods）：平衡pH值等于或低于4.6的食品。
（b）适当的（Adequate）为完成良好公共卫生规范的预定目标所需要的要求。
（c）面糊（Batter）：一种半流体物质，通常包含面粉和其它成分。
可在其中浸蘸食品的主要成分，或用它涂在外表，或直接用它制成焙烤食品。
（d）烫漂（Blanching）：在包装前对食品（不包括树生坚果和花生）进行热处理，使天然酶部分或完全失活，并使该食品发生物理或生化的变化。
（e）关键控制点（Critical control point）：食品加工过程中的一个点，若该点控制不当，极可能造成、引发或导致危害，或导致成品污染，或导致成品分解。
（f）食品（Food）：指210法案（f）节所定义的食品，包括各种原料和配料。
（g）食品接触面（Food contact surfaces）：接触食品的那些表面以及经常在正常加工过程中会将污水滴溅在食品上或溅在接触食品的那些表面上的表面。
“食品接触面”包括用具及接触食品的设备表面。
（h）批（Lot）：在某一时间段内生产的用具体编号标记的食品。
（i）微生物（Microorganisms）：酵母菌、霉菌、细菌和病毒，并包括但不限于对公众健康产生影响的那些微生物种类。
“不良微生物（undesirable microorganisms）”包括那些对公众健康产生显著影响的微生物，会使食品分解的微生物，会使食品受到杂质污染的微生物，或使食品成为该法案所指的掺杂食品的微生物。
在某些情况下，美国FDA在这些法规中使用形容词“微生物的（microbial）”，替代包含“微生物（microorganism）”的形容词短语。
21CFR113
清单 资质材料 控制计划与记录
n
n
种植养殖用药情况（含停药期）和海域污 染情况 检验或验证计划、记录
公司名称、地址、地理位置、投资方、进口商、员工数量 （含管理人员）、生产能力（主要设备/产量）、近年产量、 出口量、出口国别、质量情况、原料控制情况（捕捞船 养殖场数量、生产能力（地理位置）、相互关系、 控制措施、实验室检测能力（人员数量、素质、仪器 配备、检测项目等）
n
厂区内没有其它污染源
n
没有产生不良气味、有毒有害气体、烟尘及危害食 品卫生的设施
饲养与生产无关的动物
n
n
没有存在导致虫害存在的遮蔽物
n
主要通道和路面， 空地
n
铺设水泥或沥青 路面，不积水， 空地绿化
排水系统不能成为污染源
污水处理
设施 处理的方式 污水处理设备运行情 况
n n n
废物
n
n n
坦诚相见不卑不亢， 有理有节，不慌不忙 杜绝造假
原则
n
午餐以工作餐为宜
n
尽量避免晚上加班
原则
n
资料与记录
1-1
1
n
资料与记录
n n
企业介绍材料 CGMP手册、SSOP计划、HACCP计划、食品防 护计划
n
原则
培训、设备维修计划、追溯与召回
n n
与以上有关的记录 原料辅料供应商（种植养殖场）
n n n
n n n
n
n n
出口食品生产企业卫生要求 各类出口食品生产企业注册卫生规范 《食品生产企业危害分析与关键控制点 （HACCP）管理体系认证管理规定》（国家 认监委2002年第3号公告） CAC 危害分析和关键控制点（HACCP）体 系及其应用准则 食品防护计划及其应用指南 食品生产企业 。。。。。。
FDA GMP 21CFR Part110 介绍及应用(精选PPT)
19
Ｂ分部—建筑物与设施
110.30 厂房与场地 场地 1.放置好设备，消除垃圾和废料，铲除厂房及其构
造物近处可能成为害虫所喜爱的孽生地或藏身处的 杂草。 2.管理好道路、院落和停车场，使其不至成为能接 触食品的区域的污染源。 3.凡是会造成渗漏、鞋上的脏物或害虫孽生地而可 能污染食品的区域，要把水排干净。 4.管理好废物处理系统，使其不至成为食品裸露区 域的污染源。
11
A 分部—总则
110.10 人员 （1）疾病控制 （FDA要求的第七个SCP）
体检（患有碍食品卫生的传染病如痢疾、 伤寒、病毒性肝炎、活动期肺结核、化脓性 或者渗出性皮肤病 ） 监督人员观察 （外伤、感冒等；外来人员 健康登记） 必须教育职工，发现情况，要向上司报告。
12
110.10 人员
品接触面或食品包装材料受到潜在危害。 可以通过完善的食品安全管理及操作规范
或有效的设计，包括将可能发生污染的不同 作业分开(可采用以下一种或数种手段：地 点、时间、隔墙、气流、封闭的操作系统或 其它有效方法）。
22
110.30 厂房与场地
3.对露天里发酵容器中的散装食品，可以采用 以下任何一种有效的保护手段：
16
110.10 人员
2、规定洗手及消毒的时间 在接触到除已清洁的手和胳膊暴露部分以外
的人体暴露部分之后 咳嗽、打喷嚏、用完手绢或处理过卫生纸、
吸烟后、吃完东西或喝完饮料之后 食品预处理期间，若经常需要去除赃物及污
染物以及在交换工作时，要防止交叉污染 在处理完脏的设备和工器具后
17
110.10 人员
（2）清洁卫生 （FDA 要求的第4个SCP）
CFR110+关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范
美国FDA21CFR第110部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范(GMP)法规汇总美国GMP（21CFR part110）法规适用于所有食品，作为食品的生产、包装、贮藏卫生品质管理体制的技术基础，具有法律上的强制性。
以下内容即为21CFR part110法规汇总。
A分部—总则§110.3现行的良好操作规范的定义（Definitions）§110.5现行的良好操作规范（Current good manufacturing practice）§110.10现行良好操作规范的操作人员（Personnel）§110.19现行良好操作规范的例外情况（Exclusions）B分部-建筑物与设施§110.20食品生产加工企业的厂房与地面（Plant and grounds）§110.35食品生产加工企业的卫生操作（Sanitary operations）§110.37食品生产加工企业的卫生设施及控制（Sanitary facilities and controls）C分部—设备§110.40食品生产加工企业的设备及器具（Equipment and utensils）D分部—预留作将来补充E分部-生产加工控制§110.80食品生产加工及控制（Processes and controls）§110.93食品成品的仓储与销售（Warehousing and distribution）F分部-预留作将来补充G部分-缺陷水平§110.110供人食用的食品中对健康无危害的、天然的、不可避免的缺陷（Natural or unavoidable defects in food for human use that present no health hazard）§110.3现行的良好操作规范的定义(Definitions) 110.3定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品条例（以下简称条例）第201节中术语的定义和解释适用于本部分的同类术语。
(完整版)美国FDA《联邦规章典集》(CFR)第21篇目录中文版
美国FDA《联邦规章典集》（CFR）第21篇目录中文版发布时间：2010-5-11 13:44:12 发布方：奥咨达医疗器械咨询美国《联邦规章典集》（CFR）第21篇“食品与药品”总目概述：美国《联邦规章典集》（Code of Federal Regulations，CFR）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）共有9卷（Volume）、3章（Chapter）、1499部（Parts）。
其中：第1―8卷第1章第1―1299部，为健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（Food and Drug Administration，Department of Health and Human Services）的规章；第9卷第2章第1300―1399部，为司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）的规章；第9卷第3章第1400―1499部，为毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）的规章。
第21篇“食品与药品”（Tit le 21―Food and Drugs）的概况卷（Volume）章（Chapter）部（Parts）规制机关（Regulatory Entity）1 Ⅰ1-99 健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）2 100-1693 170-1994 200-2995 300-4996 500-5997 600-7998 800-12999 Ⅱ1300-1399 司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）Ⅲ1400-1499 毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）的章、部目录部(Part) 中译文原英文第Ⅰ章―健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（CHAPTER Ⅰ―FOOD AND DRUG ADMINIST RATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）第A分章―总则（SUBCHAPTER A―GENERAL）1 一般强制执行规章GENERAL ENFORCEMENT REGULATIONS2 一般行政规则与决定GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULINGS AND DECISIONS3 产品管辖权PRODUCT JURISDICTION5 组织ORGANIZATION7 强制执行政策ENFORCEMENT POLICY10 行政规范与程序ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES11 电子化记录；电子化签名ELECTRONIC RECORDS; ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES12 正式证据的公众听证FORMAL EVIDENTIARY PUBLIC HEARING13 在公众质询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC BOARD OF INQUIRY14 在公众咨询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE15 在FDA局长前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSIONER16 在FDA前的规制性听证REGULATORY HEARING BEFORE THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION17 行政罚款听证CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES HEARINGS19 行为标准与利益冲突STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST20 公共信息PUBLIC INFORMATION21 隐私保护PROTECTION OF PRIVACY25 环境影响考虑ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS26 药品良好制造规范报告、医疗器械质量体系核查报告以及某些医疗器械产品评价报告的互认：美国与欧共体MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF PHARMACEUTICAL GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE REPORTS, MEDICAL DEVICE QUALITY SYSTEM AUDIT REPORTS, AND CERTAIN MEDICAL DEVICE PRODUCT EVALUATION REPORTS: UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY50 人类受试者的保护PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS54 临床试验者的财务公开FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE BY CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS56 机构审查委员会INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS58 对非临床实验室研究的良好实验室规范GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE FOR NONCLINICAL LABORATORY STUDIES60 专利期恢复PATENT TERM RESTORATION70 色素添加剂COLOR ADDITIVES71 色素添加剂申请COLOR ADDITIVE PETITIONS73 免除认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION74 适用认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES SUBJECT TO CERTIFICATION80 色素添加剂认证COLOR ADDITIVE CERTIFICATION81 用于食品、药品和化妆品的临时性色素添加剂的一般规范和一般限制GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL RESTRICTIONS FOR PROVISIONAL COLOR ADDITIVES FOR USE IN FOODS, DRUGS, AND COSMETICS82 经认证的临时性列表的色素和规范的列表LISTING OF CERTIFIED PROVISIONALLY LISTED COLORS AND SPECIFICATIONS83-98 [预留的] [Reserved]99 已上市的药品、生物制品和器械的未经批准的/新的用途的信息的发布DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ON UNAPPROVED/NEW USES FOR MARKETED DRUGS, BIOLOGICS, AND DEVICES第B分章―用于人类消费的食品（SUBCHAPTER B―FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION）100 总则GENERAL101 食品标识FOOD LABELING102 非标准化食品的普通的或者通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAME FOR NONSTANDARDIZED FOODS104 食品的营养质量指南NUTRITIONAL QUALITY GUIDELINES FOR FOODS105 特殊膳食用途的食品FOODS FOR SPECIAL DIETARY USE106 婴儿配方母乳替代食品质量控制程序INFANT FORMULA QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES107 婴儿配方母乳替代食品INFANT FORMULA108 紧急许可控制EMERGENCY PERMIT CONTROL109 在人类食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL110 在制造、包装或者保存人类食品中的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PACKING, OR HOLDING HUMAN FOOD113 装在密封容器中的热加工低酸食品THERMALLY PROCESSED LOW-ACID FOODS PACKAGED IN HERMETICALLY SEALED CONTAINERS114 酸化食品ACIDIFIED FOODS115 带壳蛋SHELL EGGS119 存在显著或者不合理风险的膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS THAT PRESENT A SIGNIFICANT OR UNREASONABLE RISK120 危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）体系HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS123 鱼与渔业产品FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS129 饮用水加工与装瓶PROCESSING AND BOTTLING OF BOTTLED DRINKING WATER130 食品标准：总则FOOD STANDARDS: GENERAL131 乳与奶油MILK AND CREAM133 乳酪与相关乳酪产品CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS135 冷冻点心FROZEN DESSERTS136 烘焙产品BAKERY PRODUCTS137 谷物粉与相关产品CEREAL FLOURS AND RELATED PRODUCTS139 通心粉与面条产品MACARONI AND NOODLE PRODUCTS145 罐装水果CANNED FRUITS146 罐装水果汁CANNED FRUIT JUICES150 水果黄油、果冻、防腐剂以及相关产品FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS152 水果馅饼FRUIT PIES155 罐装蔬菜CANNED VEGETABLES156 蔬菜汁VEGETABLE JUICES158 冷冻蔬菜FROZEN VEGETABLES160 蛋与蛋制品EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS161 鱼与有壳的水生动物FISH AND SHELLFISH163 可可制品CACAO PRODUCTS164 树坚果与花生制品TREE NUT AND PEANUT PRODUCTS165 饮料BEVERAGES166 人造黄油MARGARINE168 增甜剂与餐桌糖浆SWEETENERS AND TABLE SIRUPS169 食品敷料与调味料FOOD DRESSINGS AND FLAVORINGS170 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES171 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS172 允许直接加入用于人类消费食品的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION173 在用于人类消费的食品中允许的次直接的食品添加剂SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION174 间接食品添加剂：总则INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: GENERAL175 间接食品添加剂：胶粘剂与涂层的组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS176 间接食品添加剂：纸与纸板组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS177 间接食品添加剂：聚合体INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS178 间接食品添加剂：辅剂、生产助剂和消毒剂INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS 179 在食品生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND HANDLING OF FOOD180 在额外试验期间临时在食品或者在与食品接触中被允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD OR IN CONTACT WITH FOOD ON AN INTERIM BASIS PENDING ADDITIONAL STUDY181 先前核准的食品配料PRIOR-SANCTIONED FOOD INGREDIENTS182 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE184 被确认为一般认为安全的直接食品物质DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE 186 被确认为一般认为安全的间接食品物质INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE 189 禁止用于人类食品的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN HUMAN FOOD190 膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS191-199 [预留的] [Reserved]第C分章―药品：总则（SUBCHAPTER C―DRUGS: GENERAL）200 总则GENERAL201 标识LABELING202 处方药广告PRESCRIPTION DRUG ADVERTISING203 处方药销售PRESCRIPTION DRUG MARKETING205 对批发处方药销售商颁发州执照的指南GUIDELINES FOR STATE LICENSING OF WHOLESALE PRESCRIPTION DRUG DISTRIBUTORS206 人用固体口服剂型药品的印码IMPRINTING OF SOLID ORAL DOSAGE FORM DRUG PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE207 药品生产者的登记与商业销售的药品的列表REGISTRATION OF PRODUCERS OF DRUGS AND LISTING OF DRUGS IN COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION208 处方药的药物治疗指导MEDICATION GUIDES FOR PRESCRIPTION DRUG PRODUCTS210 制造、加工、包装或者保存药品的现行良好制造规范；总则CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING OF DRUGS; GENERAL211 对完成的药品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS216 药房配药PHARMACY COMPOUNDING225 对含药饲料的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICATED FEEDS226 对A型含药物品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR TYPE A MEDICATED ARTICLES 250 对特殊人用药品的特殊要求SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC HUMAN DRUGS290 管制的药品CONTROLLED DRUGS299 药品；正式名称与已确定的名称DRUGS; OFFICIAL NAMES AND ESTABLISHED NAMES第D分章―人用药品（SUBCHAPTER D―DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE）300 总则GENERAL310 新药NEW DRUGS312 试验用新药申请INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION314 为FDA批准上市新药的申请APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG315 诊断用放射性药品DIAGNOSTIC RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS316 罕见病药ORPHAN DRUGS320 生物利用度与生物等效性要求BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS328 含有酒精的预期用于口部摄入的非处方药品OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR ORAL INGESTION THAT CONTAIN ALCOHOL330 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的非处方人用药品OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN DRUGS WHICH ARE GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED331 用于非处方的人类使用的抗酸产品ANTACID PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN USE332 用于非处方的人类使用的抗胃肠气胀产品ANTIFLATULENT PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE333 用于非处方的人类使用的局部抗菌药品TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE335 用于非处方的人类使用的止泻药品ANTIDIARRHEAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE336 用于非处方的人类使用的止吐药品ANTIEMETIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE338 用于非处方的人类使用的帮助夜间睡眠的药品NIGHTTIME SLEEP-AID DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE340 用于非处方的人类使用的兴奋药品STIMULANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE341 用于非处方的人类使用的感冒、咳嗽、过敏症药、支气管扩张以及平喘药品COLD, COUGH, ALLERGY, BRONCHODILATOR, AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE343 用于非处方的人类使用的内服的止痛、退热以及抗风湿药品INTERNAL ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC, AND ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE344 用于非处方的人类使用的局部的耳部药品TOPICAL OTIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE346 用于非处方的人类使用的肛肠药品ANORECTAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE347 用于非处方的人类使用的皮肤保护药品SKIN PROTECTANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE348 用于非处方的人类使用的外部的止痛药品EXTERNAL ANALGESIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE349 用于非处方的人类使用的眼科药品OPHTHALMIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE350 用于非处方的人类使用的止汗药品ANTIPERSPIRANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE352 用于非处方的人类使用的遮光药品SUNSCREEN DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE [STAYED INDEFINITELY]355 用于非处方的人类使用的防龋药品ANTICARIES DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE357 用于非处方的人类使用的其他内服药品MISCELLANEOUS INTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE358 用于非处方的人类使用的其他外用药品MISCELLANEOUS EXTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE361 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的处方人用药品：用于研究的药品PRESCRIPTION DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE GENERALLYRECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED: DRUGS USED IN RESEARCH369 在用于非处方销售的药品与器械上关于警告的解释性声明INTERPRETATIVE STATEMENTS RE WARNINGS ON DRUGS AND DEVICES FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER SALE370-499 [预留的] [Reserved]第E分章―动物药品、饮料和相关产品（SUB CHAPTER E―ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS）500 总则GENERAL501 动物食品标识ANIMAL FOOD LABELING502 非标准化的动物食品的普通的或通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAMES FOR NONSTANDARDIZED ANIMAL FOODS509 在动物食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN ANIMAL FOOD AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL510 新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS511 作为试验用途的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR INVESTIGATIONAL USE514 新动物药申请NEW ANIMAL DRUG APPLICATIONS515 含药饲料厂执照MEDICATED FEED MILL LICENSE520 口服剂型的新动物药ORAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS522 植入或者注射剂型的新动物药IMPLANTATION OR INJECTABLE DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS524 眼科和局部剂型的新动物药OPHTHALMIC AND TOPICAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS526 乳房内的剂型INTRAMAMMARY DOSAGE FORMS529 某些其他剂型的新动物药CERTAIN OTHER DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS530 在动物中的特别标签药品使用EXTRALABEL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS556 在食品中新动物药残留的容许量TOLERANCES FOR RESIDUES OF NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN FOOD558 用于动物饲料的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS564 [预留的] [Reserved]570 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES571 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS573 在动物饲料与饮用水中允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS579 在动物饲料和宠物食品的生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING, AND HANDLING OF ANIMAL FEED AND PET FOOD582 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE584 在动物饲料与饮用水中被确认为一般认为安全的食品物质FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS589 禁止用于动物食品或者饲料的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED590-599 [预留的] [Reserved]第F分章―生物制品（SUB CHAPTER F―BIOLOGICS）600 生物制品：总则BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: GENERAL601 颁发执照LICENSING606 对血液与血液组分的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS607 对人类血液与血液制品的制造者的机构登记与产品列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND PRODUCT LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS OF HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS610 普通生物制品标准GENERAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS STANDARDS630 对血液、血液组分和血液衍生物的一般要求GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BLOOD, BLOOD COMPONENTS, AND BLOOD DERIVATIVES640 对人类血液和血液制品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS660 对用于实验室检测的诊断物质的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES FOR LABORATORY TESTS680 对其他产品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS第G分章―化妆品（SUBCHAPTER G―COSMETICS）700 总则GENERAL701 化妆品标识COSMETIC LABELING710 化妆品机构的自愿登记VOLUNTARY REGISTRATION OF COSMETIC PRODUCT ESTABLISHMENTS720 化妆品配料构成声明的自愿存档VOLUNTARY FILING OF COSMETIC PRODUCT INGREDIENT COMPOSITION STATEMENTS740 化妆品警告声明COSMETIC PRODUCT WARNING STATEMENTS741-799 [预留的] [Reserved]第H分章―医疗器械（SUBCHAPTER H―MEDICAL DEVICES）800 总则GENERAL801 标识LABELING803 医疗器械报告MEDICAL DEVICE REPORTING806 医疗器械；改正与移动的报告MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS807 对器械的制造者与首次进口者的机构登记与器械列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND DEVICE LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS AND INITIAL IMPORTERS OF DEVICES808 对州和地方医疗器械要求的联邦优先权的豁免EXEMPTIONS FROM FEDERAL PREEMPTION OF STATE AND LOCAL MEDICAL DEVICE REQUIREMENTS809 人用体外诊断产品IN VITRO DIAGNOSTIC PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE810 医疗器械召回权MEDICAL DEVICE RECALL AUTHORITY812 试验用器械豁免INVESTIGATIONAL DEVICE EXEMPTIONS813 [预留的] [Reserved]814 医疗器械的上市前批准PREMARKET APPROVAL OF MEDICAL DEVICES820 质量体系规章QUALITY SYSTEM REGULATION821 医疗器械跟踪要求MEDICAL DEVICE TRACKING REQUIREMENTS822 上市后监视POSTMARKET SURVEILLANCE860 医疗器械分类程序MEDICAL DEVICE CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES861 性能标准制定程序PROCEDURES FOR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT862 临床化学与临床毒理学器械CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES864 血液学与病理学器械HEMATOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY DEVICES866 免疫学与微生物学器械IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES868 麻醉学器械ANESTHESIOLOGY DEVICES870 心血管器械CARDIOVASCULAR DEVICES872 牙科器械DENTAL DEVICES874 耳、鼻和咽器械EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DEVICES876 胃肠病学-泌尿学器械GASTROENTEROLOGY-UROLOGY DEVICES878 普通与整形外科器械GENERAL AND PLASTIC SURGERY DEVICES880 普通医院与个人使用器械GENERAL HOSPITAL AND PERSONAL USE DEVICES882 神经学器械NEUROLOGICAL DEVICES884 产科与妇科学器械OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES886 眼科器械OPHTHALMIC DEVICES888 矫形外科器械ORTHOPEDIC DEVICES890 内科学器械PHYSICAL MEDICINE DEVICES892 放射学器械RADIOLOGY DEVICES895 禁止的器械BANNED DEVICES898 电极铅线与患者电缆的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR ELECTRODE LEAD WIRES AND PATIENT CABLES第I分章―乳房造影质量标准法（SUBCHAPTER I―MAMMOGRAPHY QUALITY STANDA RDS ACT）900 乳房造影法MAMMOGRAPHY第J分章―放射学的健康（SUBCHAPTER J―RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH）1000 总则GENERAL1002 记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS1003 缺陷与未能守法的通报NOTIFICATION OF DEFECTS OR FAILURE TO COMPLY1004 电子产品的回购、修理或者置换REPURCHASE, REPAIRS, OR REPLACEMENT OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1005 电子产品的进口IMPORTATION OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1010 电子产品的性能标准：总则PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS: GENERAL1020 电离辐射发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR IONIZING RADIATION EMITTING PRODUCTS1030 微波与射电频率发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR MICROWAVE AND RADIO FREQUENCY EMITTING PRODUCTS1040 发光产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR LIGHT-EMITTING PRODUCTS1050 声波、次声波和超声波发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR SONIC, INFRASONIC, AND ULTRASONIC RADIATION-EMITTING PRODUCTS第K分章―[预留的]（SUBCHAPTER K―[RESERVED]）第L分章―根据由食品与药品管理局行政执行的某些其他法的规章（SUBCHAPTER L―REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION）1210 根据《联邦进口乳法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL IMPORT MILK ACT1230 根据《联邦腐蚀性毒物法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL CAUSTIC POISON ACT1240 传染病的控制CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES1250 州际运输卫生INTERSTATE CONVEYANCE SANITATION1251-1269 [预留的] [Reserved]1270 预期用于移植的人体组织HUMAN TISSUE INTENDED FOR TRANSPLANTATION1271 人体细胞、组织以及细胞的和基于组织的产品HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS 1272-1299 [预留的] [Reserved]第Ⅱ章―司法部毒品强制执行局（CHAPTER Ⅱ―DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE）1300 定义DEFINITIONS1301 管制物质的制造者、分销者和调剂者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, AND DISPENSERS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1302 对管制物质的标识与包装要求LABELING AND PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1303 定额QUOTAS1304 登记者的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF REGISTRANTS1305 令的格式ORDER FORMS1306 处方PRESCRIPTIONS1307 杂项MISCELLANEOUS1308 管制物质的表SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1309 表I化学品的制造者、分销者、进口者和出口者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS OF LIST I CHEMICALS1310 列入表的化学品和某些机器的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF LISTED CHEMICALS AND CERTAIN MACHINES 1311 [预留的] [Reserved]1312 管制物质的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1313 前体与必要化学品的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF PRECURSORS AND ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS1314-1315 [预留的] [Reserved]1316 行政职能、规范和程序ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS, PRACTICES, AND PROCEDURES第Ⅲ章―毒品控制政策办公室（CHAPTER Ⅲ―Office of National Drug Control Policy）1400 [预留的] [Reserved]1401 信息的公众可及性PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION1402 强制性解密审查MANDATORY DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW1403 对给予州和地方政府资金和合作协议的统一行政要求UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS1404 政府范围的排除与暂停（非获得）GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT)1405 对无毒品工作场所的政府范围的要求（财政援助）GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE)1406-1499 [预留的] [Reserved]。
美国FDA21CFR0部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范
美国FDA21CFR0部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范首先，21CFR110是美国食品药品监管局（FDA）制定并实施的，关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范（GMP）的法规。
本文将详细介绍21CFR110的主要内容和要求。
21CFR110的目的是确保食品生产企业采取必要的措施，以确保生产的食品安全、洁净和适合食用。
以下是21CFR110中的主要内容和要求：1.建立和实施合理的卫生程序：食品生产企业应采取合理的卫生程序，确保生产设施、设备、器具和工具的适当清洁，以及避免食品受到污染和交叉污染。
2.开展适当的员工培训：食品生产企业应确保员工接受适当的培训，了解食品安全和卫生标准的重要性，并且能够正确执行卫生程序。
员工应受到适当的监督和指导，以确保他们的行为符合卫生要求。
3.管理供应商：食品生产企业应与供应商建立合作关系，并对供应商进行必要的审查。
企业应确保所采购的原材料和食品符合卫生标准，并确保供应链的可追溯性。
4.控制食品接触表面：食品生产企业应确保与食品接触的表面干净、不受污染，并采取适当的措施防止细菌、化学物质和其他有害物质的传播。
5.确保食品贮存和配送的安全性：食品生产企业应使用适当的方法，确保食品在贮存和配送过程中保持安全，以防止细菌和其他污染源的生长和扩散。
6.建立适当的记录保存系统：食品生产企业应建立记录保存系统，将与生产和质量相关的信息进行记录和保存。
这些记录可以是生产和处理程序、检测和监测结果、培训记录等。
7.实施适当的纠正措施和预防措施：食品生产企业应建立和实施纠正措施和预防控制点（HACCP）计划，以降低食品安全问题的风险。
企业应定期评估HACCP计划的有效性，并根据需要进行调整。
除了上述要求，21CFR110还规定了食品生产企业应该配备必要的设备和工具，如温度计、洗涤剂、消毒剂等，并制定了相关的标准和规定，以确保这些设备和工具的适当使用。
总之，美国FDA的21CFR110是针对食品生产企业制定的现行良好操作规范，以确保食品生产过程中的卫生和安全。
21 CFR Part 110 - 在制造、包装或者保存人类食品中的现行良好制造规范GMP's on foods
[Code of Federal Regulations][Title 21, Volume 2][Revised as of April 1, 2015][CITE: 21CFR110]TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGSCHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATIONDEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESSUBCHAPTER B--FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTIONPART 110 CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICEIN MANUFACTURING, PACKING, ORHOLDING HUMAN FOODSubpart A--General ProvisionsSec. 110.3 Definitions.The definitions and interpretations of terms in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act) are applicable to such terms when used in this part. The following definitions shall also apply:(a) Acid foods or acidified foods means foods that have an equilibrium pH of 4.6 or below.(b) Adequate means that which is needed to accomplish the intended purpose in keeping with good public health practice.(c) Batter means a semifluid substance, usually composed of flour and other ingredients, into which principal components of food are dipped or with which they are coated, or which may be used directly to form bakery foods.(d) Blanching,except for tree nuts and peanuts, means a prepackaging heat treatment of foodstuffs for a sufficient time and at a sufficient temperature to partially or completely inactivate the naturally occurring enzymes and to effect other physical or biochemical changes in the food.(e) Critical control point means a point in a food process where thereis a high probability that improper control may cause, allow, or contribute to a hazard or to filth in the final food or decomposition of the final food.(f) Food means food as defined in section 201(f) of the act and includes raw materials and ingredients.(g) Food-contact surfaces are those surfaces that contact human food and those surfaces from which drainage onto the food or onto surfaces that contact the food ordinarily occurs during the normal course of operations. "Food-contact surfaces" includes utensils and food-contact surfaces of equipment.(h) Lot means the food produced during a period of time indicated by a specific code.(i) Microorganisms means yeasts, molds, bacteria, and viruses and includes, but is not limited to, species having public health significance. The term "undesirable microorganisms" includes those microorganisms that are of public health significance, that subject food to decomposition, that indicate that food is contaminated with filth, or that otherwise may cause food to be adulterated within the meaning of the act. Occasionally in these regulations, FDA used the adjective "microbial" instead of using an adjectival phrase containing the word microorganism.(j) Pest refers to any objectionable animals or insects including, but not limited to, birds, rodents, flies, and larvae.(k) Plant means the building or facility or parts thereof, used for or in connection with the manufacturing, packaging, labeling, or holding of human food.(l) Quality control operation means a planned and systematic procedure for taking all actions necessary to prevent food from being adulterated within the meaning of the act.(m) Rework means clean, unadulterated food that has been removed from processing for reasons other than insanitary conditions or that hasbeen successfully reconditioned by reprocessing and that is suitable for use as food.(n) Safe-moisture level is a level of moisture low enough to prevent the growth of undesirable microorganisms in the finished product under the intended conditions of manufacturing, storage, and distribution. The maximum safe moisture level for a food is based on its water activity (aw). An aw will be considered safe for a food if adequate data are available that demonstrate that the food at or below the given aw will not support the growth of undesirable microorganisms.(o) Sanitize means to adequately treat food-contact surfaces by a process that is effective in destroying vegetative cells of microorganisms of public health significance, and in substantially reducing numbers of other undesirable microorganisms, but without adversely affecting the product or its safety for the consumer.(p) Shall is used to state mandatory requirements.(q) Should is used to state recommended or advisory procedures or identify recommended equipment.(r) Water activity (aw) is a measure of the free moisture in a food and is the quotient of the water vapor pressure of the substance divided by the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature.Sec. 110.5 Current good manufacturing practice.(a) The criteria and definitions in this part shall apply in determining whether a food is adulterated (1) within the meaning of section 402(a)(3) of the act in that the food has been manufactured under such conditions that it is unfit for food; or (2) within the meaning of section 402(a)(4) of the act in that the food has been prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health. The criteria and definitions in this part also apply in determining whether a food is in violation of section 361 of the Public Health Service Act(42 U.S.C. 264).(b) Food covered by specific current good manufacturing practice regulations also is subject to the requirements of those regulations.Sec. 110.10 Personnel.The plant management shall take all reasonable measures and precautions to ensure the following:(a) Disease control. Any person who, by medical examination or supervisory observation, is shown to have, or appears to have, an illness, open lesion, including boils, sores, or infected wounds, or any other abnormal source of microbial contamination by which there is a reasonable possibility of food, food-contact surfaces, orfood-packaging materials becoming contaminated, shall be excluded from any operations which may be expected to result in such contamination until the condition is corrected. Personnel shall be instructed to report such health conditions to their supervisors.(b) Cleanliness. All persons working in direct contact with food, food-contact surfaces, and food-packaging materials shall conform to hygienic practices while on duty to the extent necessary to protect against contamination of food. The methods for maintaining cleanliness include, but are not limited to:(1) Wearing outer garments suitable to the operation in a manner that protects against the contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials.(2) Maintaining adequate personal cleanliness.(3) Washing hands thoroughly (and sanitizing if necessary to protect against contamination with undesirable microorganisms) in an adequate hand-washing facility before starting work, after each absence from the work station, and at any other time when the hands may have become soiled or contaminated.(4) Removing all unsecured jewelry and other objects that might fall into food, equipment, or containers, and removing hand jewelry that cannot be adequately sanitized during periods in which food is manipulated by hand. If such hand jewelry cannot be removed, it may be covered by material which can be maintained in an intact, clean, and sanitary condition and which effectively protects against the contamination by these objects of the food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials.(5) Maintaining gloves, if they are used in food handling, in an intact, clean, and sanitary condition. The gloves should be of an impermeable material.(6) Wearing, where appropriate, in an effective manner, hair nets, headbands, caps, beard covers, or other effective hair restraints.(7) Storing clothing or other personal belongings in areas other than where food is exposed or where equipment or utensils are washed.(8) Confining the following to areas other than where food may be exposed or where equipment or utensils are washed: eating food, chewing gum, drinking beverages, or using tobacco.(9) Taking any other necessary precautions to protect against contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials with microorganisms or foreign substances including, but not limited to, perspiration, hair, cosmetics, tobacco, chemicals, and medicines applied to the skin.(c) Education and training. Personnel responsible for identifying sanitation failures or food contamination should have a background of education or experience, or a combination thereof, to provide a level of competency necessary for production of clean and safe food. Food handlers and supervisors should receive appropriate training in proper food handling techniques and food-protection principles and should be informed of the danger of poor personal hygiene and insanitary practices.(d) Supervision. Responsibility for assuring compliance by allpersonnel with all requirements of this part shall be clearly assigned to competent supervisory personnel.[51 FR 22475, June 19, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 24892, June 12, 1989] Sec. 110.19 Exclusions.(a) The following operations are not subject to this part: Establishments engaged solely in the harvesting, storage, or distribution of one or more "raw agricultural commodities," as defined in section 201(r) of the act, which are ordinarily cleaned, prepared, treated, or otherwise processed before being marketed to the consuming public.(b) FDA, however, will issue special regulations if it is necessary to cover these excluded operations.Subpart B--Buildings and FacilitiesSec. 110.20 Plant and grounds.(a) Grounds. The grounds about a food plant under the control of the operator shall be kept in a condition that will protect against the contamination of food. The methods for adequate maintenance of grounds include, but are not limited to:(1) Properly storing equipment, removing litter and waste, and cutting weeds or grass within the immediate vicinity of the plant buildings or structures that may constitute an attractant, breeding place, or harborage for pests.(2) Maintaining roads, yards, and parking lots so that they do not constitute a source of contamination in areas where food is exposed.(3) Adequately draining areas that may contribute contamination to food by seepage, foot-borne filth, or providing a breeding place for pests.(4) Operating systems for waste treatment and disposal in an adequate manner so that they do not constitute a source of contamination in areaswhere food is exposed.If the plant grounds are bordered by grounds not under the operator's control and not maintained in the manner described in paragraph (a) (1) through (3) of this section, care shall be exercised in the plant by inspection, extermination, or other means to exclude pests, dirt, and filth that may be a source of food contamination.(b) Plant construction and design.Plant buildings and structures shall be suitable in size, construction, and design to facilitate maintenance and sanitary operations for food-manufacturing purposes. The plant and facilities shall:(1) Provide sufficient space for such placement of equipment and storage of materials as is necessary for the maintenance of sanitary operations and the production of safe food.(2) Permit the taking of proper precautions to reduce the potential for contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials with microorganisms, chemicals, filth, or other extraneous material. The potential for contamination may be reduced by adequate food safety controls and operating practices or effective design, including the separation of operations in which contamination is likely to occur, by one or more of the following means: location, time, partition, air flow, enclosed systems, or other effective means.(3) Permit the taking of proper precautions to protect food in outdoor bulk fermentation vessels by any effective means, including:(i) Using protective coverings.(ii) Controlling areas over and around the vessels to eliminate harborages for pests.(iii) Checking on a regular basis for pests and pest infestation.(iv) Skimming the fermentation vessels, as necessary.(4) Be constructed in such a manner that floors, walls, and ceilingsmay be adequately cleaned and kept clean and kept in good repair; that drip or condensate from fixtures, ducts and pipes does not contaminate food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials; and that aisles or working spaces are provided between equipment and walls and are adequately unobstructed and of adequate width to permit employees to perform their duties and to protect against contaminating food or food-contact surfaces with clothing or personal contact.(5) Provide adequate lighting in hand-washing areas, dressing and locker rooms, and toilet rooms and in all areas where food is examined, processed, or stored and where equipment or utensils are cleaned; and provide safety-type light bulbs, fixtures, skylights, or other glass suspended over exposed food in any step of preparation or otherwise protect against food contamination in case of glass breakage.(6) Provide adequate ventilation or control equipment to minimize odors and vapors (including steam and noxious fumes) in areas where they may contaminate food; and locate and operate fans and other air-blowing equipment in a manner that minimizes the potential for contaminating food, food-packaging materials, and food-contact surfaces.(7) Provide, where necessary, adequate screening or other protection against pests.Sec. 110.35 Sanitary operations.(a) General maintenance. Buildings, fixtures, and other physical facilities of the plant shall be maintained in a sanitary condition and shall be kept in repair sufficient to prevent food from becoming adulterated within the meaning of the act. Cleaning and sanitizing of utensils and equipment shall be conducted in a manner that protects against contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, orfood-packaging materials.(b) Substances used in cleaning and sanitizing; storage of toxic materials. (1) Cleaning compounds and sanitizing agents used in cleaning and sanitizing procedures shall be free from undesirable microorganisms and shall be safe and adequate under the conditions ofuse. Compliance with this requirement may be verified by any effective means including purchase of these substances under a supplier's guarantee or certification, or examination of these substances for contamination. Only the following toxic materials may be used or stored in a plant where food is processed or exposed:(i) Those required to maintain clean and sanitary conditions;(ii) Those necessary for use in laboratory testing procedures;(iii) Those necessary for plant and equipment maintenance and operation; and(iv) Those necessary for use in the plant's operations.(2) Toxic cleaning compounds, sanitizing agents, and pesticide chemicals shall be identified, held, and stored in a manner that protects against contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, orfood-packaging materials. All relevant regulations promulgated by other Federal, State, and local government agencies for the application, use, or holding of these products should be followed.(c) Pest control.No pests shall be allowed in any area of a food plant. Guard or guide dogs may be allowed in some areas of a plant if the presence of the dogs is unlikely to result in contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, or food-packaging materials. Effective measures shall be taken to exclude pests from the processing areas and to protect against the contamination of food on the premises by pests. The use of insecticides or rodenticides is permitted only under precautions and restrictions that will protect against the contamination of food, food-contact surfaces, and food-packaging materials.(d) Sanitation of food-contact surfaces. All food-contact surfaces, including utensils and food-contact surfaces of equipment, shall be cleaned as frequently as necessary to protect against contamination of food.(1) Food-contact surfaces used for manufacturing or holdinglow-moisture food shall be in a dry, sanitary condition at the timeof use. When the surfaces are wet-cleaned, they shall, when necessary, be sanitized and thoroughly dried before subsequent use.(2) In wet processing, when cleaning is necessary to protect against the introduction of microorganisms into food, all food-contact surfaces shall be cleaned and sanitized before use and after any interruption during which the food-contact surfaces may have become contaminated. Where equipment and utensils are used in a continuous production operation, the utensils and food-contact surfaces of the equipment shall be cleaned and sanitized as necessary.(3) Non-food-contact surfaces of equipment used in the operation of food plants should be cleaned as frequently as necessary to protect against contamination of food.(4) Single-service articles (such as utensils intended for one-time use, paper cups, and paper towels) should be stored in appropriate containers and shall be handled, dispensed, used, and disposed of in a manner that protects against contamination of food or food-contact surfaces.(5) Sanitizing agents shall be adequate and safe under conditions of use. Any facility, procedure, or machine is acceptable for cleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils if it is established that the facility, procedure, or machine will routinely render equipment and utensils clean and provide adequate cleaning and sanitizing treatment.(e) Storage and handling of cleaned portable equipment and utensils. Cleaned and sanitized portable equipment with food-contact surfaces and utensils should be stored in a location and manner that protects food-contact surfaces from contamination.[51 FR 22475, June 19, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 24892, June 12, 1989] Sec. 110.37 Sanitary facilities and controls.Each plant shall be equipped with adequate sanitary facilities andaccommodations including, but not limited to:(a) Water supply.The water supply shall be sufficient for the operations intended and shall be derived from an adequate source. Any water that contacts food or food-contact surfaces shall be safe and of adequate sanitary quality. Running water at a suitable temperature, and under pressure as needed, shall be provided in all areas where required for the processing of food, for the cleaning of equipment, utensils, and food-packaging materials, or for employee sanitary facilities.(b) Plumbing. Plumbing shall be of adequate size and design and adequately installed and maintained to:(1) Carry sufficient quantities of water to required locations throughout the plant.(2) Properly convey sewage and liquid disposable waste from the plant.(3) Avoid constituting a source of contamination to food, water supplies, equipment, or utensils or creating an unsanitary condition.(4) Provide adequate floor drainage in all areas where floors are subject to flooding-type cleaning or where normal operations release or discharge water or other liquid waste on the floor.(5) Provide that there is not backflow from, or cross-connection between, piping systems that discharge waste water or sewage and piping systems that carry water for food or food manufacturing.(c) Sewage disposal. Sewage disposal shall be made into an adequate sewerage system or disposed of through other adequate means.(d) Toilet facilities. Each plant shall provide its employees with adequate, readily accessible toilet facilities. Compliance with this requirement may be accomplished by:(1) Maintaining the facilities in a sanitary condition.(2) Keeping the facilities in good repair at all times.(3) Providing self-closing doors.(4) Providing doors that do not open into areas where food is exposed to airborne contamination, except where alternate means have been taken to protect against such contamination (such as double doors or positive air-flow systems).(e) Hand-washing facilities.Hand-washing facilities shall be adequate and convenient and be furnished with running water at a suitable temperature. Compliance with this requirement may be accomplished by providing:(1) Hand-washing and, where appropriate, hand-sanitizing facilities at each location in the plant where good sanitary practices require employees to wash and/or sanitize their hands.(2) Effective hand-cleaning and sanitizing preparations.(3) Sanitary towel service or suitable drying devices.(4) Devices or fixtures, such as water control valves, so designed and constructed to protect against recontamination of clean, sanitized hands.(5) Readily understandable signs directing employees handling unproteced food, unprotected food-packaging materials, of food-contact surfaces to wash and, where appropriate, sanitize their hands before they start work, after each absence from post of duty, and when their hands may have become soiled or contaminated. These signs may be posted in the processing room(s) and in all other areas where employees may handle such food, materials, or surfaces.(6) Refuse receptacles that are constructed and maintained in a manner that protects against contamination of food.(f) Rubbish and offal disposal. Rubbish and any offal shall be so conveyed, stored, and disposed of as to minimize the development of odor, minimize the potential for the waste becoming an attractant and harborage or breeding place for pests, and protect againstcontamination of food, food-contact surfaces, water supplies, and ground surfaces.Subpart C--EquipmentSec. 110.40 Equipment and utensils.(a) All plant equipment and utensils shall be so designed and of such material and workmanship as to be adequately cleanable, and shall be properly maintained. The design, construction, and use of equipment and utensils shall preclude the adulteration of food with lubricants, fuel, metal fragments, contaminated water, or any other contaminants. All equipment should be so installed and maintained as to facilitate the cleaning of the equipment and of all adjacent spaces. Food-contact surfaces shall be corrosion-resistant when in contact with food. They shall be made of nontoxic materials and designed to withstand the environment of their intended use and the action of food, and, if applicable, cleaning compounds and sanitizing agents. Food-contact surfaces shall be maintained to protect food from being contaminated by any source, including unlawful indirect food additives.(b) Seams on food-contact surfaces shall be smoothly bonded or maintained so as to minimize accumulation of food particles, dirt, and organic matter and thus minimize the opportunity for growth of microorganisms.(c) Equipment that is in the manufacturing or food-handling area and that does not come into contact with food shall be so constructed that it can be kept in a clean condition.(d) Holding, conveying, and manufacturing systems, including gravimetric, pneumatic, closed, and automated systems, shall be of a design and construction that enables them to be maintained in an appropriate sanitary condition.(e) Each freezer and cold storage compartment used to store and hold food capable of supporting growth of microorganisms shall be fitted with an indicating thermometer, temperature-measuring device, ortemperature-recording device so installed as to show the temperature accurately within the compartment, and should be fitted with an automatic control for regulating temperature or with an automatic alarm system to indicate a significant temperature change in a manual operation.(f) Instruments and controls used for measuring, regulating, or recording temperatures, pH, acidity, water activity, or other conditions that control or prevent the growth of undesirable microorganisms in food shall be accurate and adequately maintained, and adequate in number for their designated uses.(g) Compressed air or other gases mechanically introduced into food or used to clean food-contact surfaces or equipment shall be treated in such a way that food is not contaminated with unlawful indirect food additives.Subpart D [Reserved]Subpart E--Production and Process ControlsSec. 110.80 Processes and controls.All operations in the receiving, inspecting, transporting, segregating, preparing, manufacturing, packaging, and storing of food shall be conducted in accordance with adequate sanitation principles. Appropriate quality control operations shall be employed to ensure that food is suitable for human consumption and that food-packaging materials are safe and suitable. Overall sanitation of the plant shall be under the supervision of one or more competent individuals assigned responsibility for this function. All reasonable precautions shall be taken to ensure that production procedures do not contribute contamination from any source. Chemical, microbial, orextraneous-material testing procedures shall be used where necessary to identify sanitation failures or possible food contamination. All food that has become contaminated to the extent that it is adulterated within the meaning of the act shall be rejected, or if permissible, treated or processed to eliminate the contamination.(a) Raw materials and other ingredients. (1) Raw materials and other ingredients shall be inspected and segregated or otherwise handled as necessary to ascertain that they are clean and suitable for processing into food and shall be stored under conditions that will protect against contamination and minimize deterioration. Raw materials shall be washed or cleaned as necessary to remove soil or other contamination. Water used for washing, rinsing, or conveying food shall be safe and of adequate sanitary quality. Water may be reused for washing, rinsing, or conveying food if it does not increase the level of contamination of the food. Containers and carriers of raw materials should be inspected on receipt to ensure that their condition has not contributed to the contamination or deterioration of food.(2) Raw materials and other ingredients shall either not contain levels of microorganisms that may produce food poisoning or other disease in humans, or they shall be pasteurized or otherwise treated during manufacturing operations so that they no longer contain levels that would cause the product to be adulterated within the meaning of the act. Compliance with this requirement may be verified by any effective means, including purchasing raw materials and other ingredients under a supplier's guarantee or certification.(3) Raw materials and other ingredients susceptible to contamination with aflatoxin or other natural toxins shall comply with current Food and Drug Administration regulations and action levels for poisonous or deleterious substances before these materials or ingredients are incorporated into finished food. Compliance with this requirement may be accomplished by purchasing raw materials and other ingredients under a supplier's guarantee or certification, or may be verified by analyzing these materials and ingredients for aflatoxins and other natural toxins.(4) Raw materials, other ingredients, and rework susceptible to contamination with pests, undesirable microorganisms, or extraneous material shall comply with applicable Food and Drug Administration regulations and defect action levels for natural or unavoidable defects if a manufacturer wishes to use the materials in manufacturing food. Compliance with this requirement may be verified by any effective means,including purchasing the materials under a supplier's guarantee or certification, or examination of these materials for contamination.(5) Raw materials, other ingredients, and rework shall be held in bulk, or in containers designed and constructed so as to protect against contamination and shall be held at such temperature and relative humidity and in such a manner as to prevent the food from becoming adulterated within the meaning of the act. Material scheduled for rework shall be identified as such.(6) Frozen raw materials and other ingredients shall be kept frozen. If thawing is required prior to use, it shall be done in a manner that prevents the raw materials and other ingredients from becoming adulterated within the meaning of the act.(7) Liquid or dry raw materials and other ingredients received and stored in bulk form shall be held in a manner that protects against contamination.(b) Manufacturing operations.(1) Equipment and utensils and finished food containers shall be maintained in an acceptable condition through appropriate cleaning and sanitizing, as necessary. Insofar as necessary, equipment shall be taken apart for thorough cleaning.(2) All food manufacturing, including packaging and storage, shall be conducted under such conditions and controls as are necessary to minimize the potential for the growth of microorganisms, or for the contamination of food. One way to comply with this requirement is careful monitoring of physical factors such as time, temperature, humidity, aw, pH, pressure, flow rate, and manufacturing operations such as freezing, dehydration, heat processing, acidification, and refrigeration to ensure that mechanical breakdowns, time delays, temperature fluctuations, and other factors do not contribute to the decomposition or contamination of food.(3) Food that can support the rapid growth of undesirable microorganisms, particularly those of public health significance, shall be held in a manner that prevents the food from becoming。
21CFR第110部分的内容要点
（1）人员(110.10)经体检或现场观察发现凡是患有或可能患有有碍食品生产卫生的人员不准进入车间，工厂要告知员工一旦健康不良时要向厂方报告。
从事食品加工的人员必须：•穿着清洁、卫生的工作服•讲究个人卫生•进入车间前、双手弄脏后或间歇复工前均要洗手、消毒•不准佩戴不稳固的饰物和难以充分消毒的戒指类手饰物品•如用手套，则必须清洁、卫生、无破损、不渗水•戴发网、发袋、帽或胡须套，防止毛发污染食品•私人衣物、用品不准存放在加工区内•禁止在加工区内吸烟、吃东西、嚼口香糖、喝饮料•食品及其接触面和包装材料不得受汗水、头发、化妆品、肤用药品的污染或微生物的污染卫生监督员、生产员工要经食品生产卫生、安全培训；工厂要指定胜任监督的人员负责确保所有员工符合卫生要求。
(2)厂房和场地（110．20)工厂的场地必须：•无垃圾、杂物、废旧设备，无杂草，无孳生蝇虫和藏匿鼠类的场所•道路、院落和停车场不会污染食品加工区•场地排水通畅•废水、废物处理不构成对食品加工区的污染厂房的结构、设计必须：•面积与生产能力相适应•能进行有效地隔离，防止生物的、化学的、物理的交叉污染•地板、墙面、天面易于清洁，维护状况良好，设备和管道上的冷凝水不污染食品及其接触面和包装材料，人员通道和设备周围的空间要足够和通畅•人员卫生区、加工区照明充足，采用防爆和安全灯具•车间内排烟气设施充足、良好，排放方向不对食品生产造成污染•装设防蝇虫纱窗等设施(3)操作卫生（110.35）•车间及生产设施清洁卫生，维护状况良好，工器具和设备清洗、消毒对生产不造成污染•清洁剂、消毒剂必须安全、可靠，不含有害微生物•清洁剂、消毒剂、灭虫药剂必须加贴标志，存放和贮存不对生产造成污染•工厂内不得有虫害、鼠害，厂区内养的狗不得对食品生产造成污染，灭虫剂和杀鼠剂使用对生产不造成污染•工器具和设备的食品接触表面必须经常进行清洁，以防止污染——生产低水分食品的食品接触面必须干燥、卫生，如需清洗，必须经消毒、干燥后方可使用；——带水作业时，工器具和设备的食品接触面使用前，必须清洗消毒，如果是连续作业，上述表面必须按需要经常进行清洗消毒；——非食品接触表面必须按需要经常进行清洁或清洗；——一次性用品的贮存和弃置不得对食品接触表面造成污染；——消毒剂必须有效、安全，所采用的清洗和消毒的设备和方法要能保证充分的清洗、消毒效果。
美国FDA21CFR110部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范
美国FDA 21 CFR 第110部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范(GMP)法规汇总美国GMP（21 CFR part 110）法规适用于所有食品，作为食品的生产、包装、贮藏卫生品质管理体制的技术基础，具有法律上的强制性。
以下内容即为21 CFR part 110 法规汇总。
A分部—总则§110.3 现行的良好操作规范的定义（Definitions）§110.5 现行的良好操作规范（Current good manufacturing practice）§110.10 现行良好操作规范的操作人员（Personnel）§110.19 现行良好操作规范的例外情况（Exclusions）B分部-建筑物与设施§110.20 食品生产加工企业的厂房与地面（Plant and grounds）§110.35 食品生产加工企业的卫生操作（Sanitary operations）§110.37 食品生产加工企业的卫生设施及控制（Sanitary facilities and controls）C 分部—设备§110.40 食品生产加工企业的设备及器具（Equipment and utensils）D分部—预留作将来补充E分部-生产加工控制§110.80 食品生产加工及控制（Processes and controls）§110.93 食品成品的仓储与销售（Warehousing and distribution）F分部-预留作将来补充G部分-缺陷水平§110.110 供人食用的食品中对健康无危害的、天然的、不可避免的缺陷（Natural or unavoidable defects in food for human use that present no health hazard）§110.3 现行的良好操作规范的定义(Definitions) 110.3 定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品条例（以下简称条例）第201节中术语的定义和解释适用于本部分的同类术语。
2.2.1 美国21CFR第110法规-GMP
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP法规美国FDA食品生产企业GMP（良好操作规范）法规（21 CFR part110）A 总则§110.3定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品法（以下简称该法案）第210节中术语的定义和解释适用于本法规的同类术语，下列定义亦同样适用：（a）酸性食品或酸化食品（Acid foods or acidified foods）：平衡pH值等于或低于4.6的食品。
（b）适当的（Adequate）为完成良好公共卫生规范的预定目标所需要的要求。
（c）面糊（Batter）：一种半流体物质，通常包含面粉和其它成分。
可在其中浸蘸食品的主要成分，或用它涂在外表，或直接用它制成焙烤食品。
（d）烫漂（Blanching）：在包装前对食品（不包括树生坚果和花生）进行热处理，使天然酶部分或完全失活，并使该食品发生物理或生化的变化。
（e）关键控制点（Critical control point）：食品加工过程中的一个点，若该点控制不当，极可能造成、引发或导致危害，或导致成品污染，或导致成品分解。
（f）食品（Food）：指210法案（f）节所定义的食品，包括各种原料和配料。
（g）食品接触面（Food contact surfaces）：接触食品的那些表面以及经常在正常加工过程中会将污水滴溅在食品上或溅在接触食品的那些表面上的表面。
“食品接触面”包括用具及接触食品的设备表面。
（h）批（Lot）：在某一时间段内生产的用具体编号标记的食品。
（i）微生物（Microorganisms）：酵母菌、霉菌、细菌和病毒，并包括但不限于对公众健康产生影响的那些微生物种类。
“不良微生物（undesirable microorganisms）”包括那些对公众健康产生显著影响的微生物，会使食品分解的微生物，会使食品受到杂质污染的微生物，或使食品成为该法案所指的掺杂食品的微生物。
在某些情况下，美国FDA在这些法规中使用形容词“微生物的（microbial）”，替代包含“微生物（microorganism）”的形容词短语。
美国FDA《联邦规章典集》(CFR)第21篇目录中文版
美国FDA《联邦规章典集》（CFR）第21篇目录中文版发布时间：2010-5-11 13:44:12 发布方：奥咨达医疗器械咨询美国《联邦规章典集》（CFR）第21篇“食品与药品”总目概述：美国《联邦规章典集》（Code of Federal Regulations，CFR）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）共有9卷（Volume）、3章（Chapter）、1499部（Parts）。
其中：第1―8卷第1章第1―1299部，为健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（Food and Drug Administration，Department of Health and Human Services）的规章；第9卷第2章第1300―1399部，为司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）的规章；第9卷第3章第1400―1499部，为毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）的规章。
第21篇“食品与药品”（Tit le 21―Food and Drugs）的概况卷（Volume）章（Chapter）部（Parts）规制机关（Regulatory Entity）1 Ⅰ1-99 健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）2 100-1693 170-1994 200-2995 300-4996 500-5997 600-7998 800-12999 Ⅱ1300-1399 司法部毒品强制执行局（Drug Enforcement Administration，Department of Justice）Ⅲ1400-1499 毒品控制政策办公室（Office of National Drug Control Policy）第21篇“食品与药品”（Title 21―Food and Drugs）的章、部目录部(Part) 中译文原英文第Ⅰ章―健康与人类服务部食品与药品管理局（CHAPTER Ⅰ―FOOD AND DRUG ADMINIST RATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES）第A分章―总则（SUBCHAPTER A―GENERAL）1 一般强制执行规章GENERAL ENFORCEMENT REGULATIONS2 一般行政规则与决定GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULINGS AND DECISIONS3 产品管辖权PRODUCT JURISDICTION5 组织ORGANIZATION7 强制执行政策ENFORCEMENT POLICY10 行政规范与程序ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES11 电子化记录；电子化签名ELECTRONIC RECORDS; ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES12 正式证据的公众听证FORMAL EVIDENTIARY PUBLIC HEARING13 在公众质询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC BOARD OF INQUIRY14 在公众咨询委员会前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE A PUBLIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE15 在FDA局长前的公众听证PUBLIC HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSIONER16 在FDA前的规制性听证REGULATORY HEARING BEFORE THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION17 行政罚款听证CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES HEARINGS19 行为标准与利益冲突STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST20 公共信息PUBLIC INFORMATION21 隐私保护PROTECTION OF PRIVACY25 环境影响考虑ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS26 药品良好制造规范报告、医疗器械质量体系核查报告以及某些医疗器械产品评价报告的互认：美国与欧共体MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF PHARMACEUTICAL GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE REPORTS, MEDICAL DEVICE QUALITY SYSTEM AUDIT REPORTS, AND CERTAIN MEDICAL DEVICE PRODUCT EVALUATION REPORTS: UNITED STATES AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY50 人类受试者的保护PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS54 临床试验者的财务公开FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE BY CLINICAL INVESTIGATORS56 机构审查委员会INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARDS58 对非临床实验室研究的良好实验室规范GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE FOR NONCLINICAL LABORATORY STUDIES60 专利期恢复PATENT TERM RESTORATION70 色素添加剂COLOR ADDITIVES71 色素添加剂申请COLOR ADDITIVE PETITIONS73 免除认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES EXEMPT FROM CERTIFICATION74 适用认证的色素添加剂的列表LISTING OF COLOR ADDITIVES SUBJECT TO CERTIFICATION80 色素添加剂认证COLOR ADDITIVE CERTIFICATION81 用于食品、药品和化妆品的临时性色素添加剂的一般规范和一般限制GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND GENERAL RESTRICTIONS FOR PROVISIONAL COLOR ADDITIVES FOR USE IN FOODS, DRUGS, AND COSMETICS82 经认证的临时性列表的色素和规范的列表LISTING OF CERTIFIED PROVISIONALLY LISTED COLORS AND SPECIFICATIONS83-98 [预留的] [Reserved]99 已上市的药品、生物制品和器械的未经批准的/新的用途的信息的发布DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ON UNAPPROVED/NEW USES FOR MARKETED DRUGS, BIOLOGICS, AND DEVICES第B分章―用于人类消费的食品（SUBCHAPTER B―FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION）100 总则GENERAL101 食品标识FOOD LABELING102 非标准化食品的普通的或者通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAME FOR NONSTANDARDIZED FOODS104 食品的营养质量指南NUTRITIONAL QUALITY GUIDELINES FOR FOODS105 特殊膳食用途的食品FOODS FOR SPECIAL DIETARY USE106 婴儿配方母乳替代食品质量控制程序INFANT FORMULA QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES107 婴儿配方母乳替代食品INFANT FORMULA108 紧急许可控制EMERGENCY PERMIT CONTROL109 在人类食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL110 在制造、包装或者保存人类食品中的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PACKING, OR HOLDING HUMAN FOOD113 装在密封容器中的热加工低酸食品THERMALLY PROCESSED LOW-ACID FOODS PACKAGED IN HERMETICALLY SEALED CONTAINERS114 酸化食品ACIDIFIED FOODS115 带壳蛋SHELL EGGS119 存在显著或者不合理风险的膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS THAT PRESENT A SIGNIFICANT OR UNREASONABLE RISK120 危害分析与关键控制点（HACCP）体系HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS123 鱼与渔业产品FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS129 饮用水加工与装瓶PROCESSING AND BOTTLING OF BOTTLED DRINKING WATER130 食品标准：总则FOOD STANDARDS: GENERAL131 乳与奶油MILK AND CREAM133 乳酪与相关乳酪产品CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS135 冷冻点心FROZEN DESSERTS136 烘焙产品BAKERY PRODUCTS137 谷物粉与相关产品CEREAL FLOURS AND RELATED PRODUCTS139 通心粉与面条产品MACARONI AND NOODLE PRODUCTS145 罐装水果CANNED FRUITS146 罐装水果汁CANNED FRUIT JUICES150 水果黄油、果冻、防腐剂以及相关产品FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS152 水果馅饼FRUIT PIES155 罐装蔬菜CANNED VEGETABLES156 蔬菜汁VEGETABLE JUICES158 冷冻蔬菜FROZEN VEGETABLES160 蛋与蛋制品EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS161 鱼与有壳的水生动物FISH AND SHELLFISH163 可可制品CACAO PRODUCTS164 树坚果与花生制品TREE NUT AND PEANUT PRODUCTS165 饮料BEVERAGES166 人造黄油MARGARINE168 增甜剂与餐桌糖浆SWEETENERS AND TABLE SIRUPS169 食品敷料与调味料FOOD DRESSINGS AND FLAVORINGS170 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES171 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS172 允许直接加入用于人类消费食品的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION173 在用于人类消费的食品中允许的次直接的食品添加剂SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION174 间接食品添加剂：总则INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: GENERAL175 间接食品添加剂：胶粘剂与涂层的组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS176 间接食品添加剂：纸与纸板组分INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS177 间接食品添加剂：聚合体INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS178 间接食品添加剂：辅剂、生产助剂和消毒剂INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS 179 在食品生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND HANDLING OF FOOD180 在额外试验期间临时在食品或者在与食品接触中被允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD OR IN CONTACT WITH FOOD ON AN INTERIM BASIS PENDING ADDITIONAL STUDY181 先前核准的食品配料PRIOR-SANCTIONED FOOD INGREDIENTS182 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE184 被确认为一般认为安全的直接食品物质DIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE 186 被确认为一般认为安全的间接食品物质INDIRECT FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE 189 禁止用于人类食品的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN HUMAN FOOD190 膳食补充剂DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS191-199 [预留的] [Reserved]第C分章―药品：总则（SUBCHAPTER C―DRUGS: GENERAL）200 总则GENERAL201 标识LABELING202 处方药广告PRESCRIPTION DRUG ADVERTISING203 处方药销售PRESCRIPTION DRUG MARKETING205 对批发处方药销售商颁发州执照的指南GUIDELINES FOR STATE LICENSING OF WHOLESALE PRESCRIPTION DRUG DISTRIBUTORS206 人用固体口服剂型药品的印码IMPRINTING OF SOLID ORAL DOSAGE FORM DRUG PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE207 药品生产者的登记与商业销售的药品的列表REGISTRATION OF PRODUCERS OF DRUGS AND LISTING OF DRUGS IN COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION208 处方药的药物治疗指导MEDICATION GUIDES FOR PRESCRIPTION DRUG PRODUCTS210 制造、加工、包装或者保存药品的现行良好制造规范；总则CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PROCESSING, PACKING, OR HOLDING OF DRUGS; GENERAL211 对完成的药品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS216 药房配药PHARMACY COMPOUNDING225 对含药饲料的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICATED FEEDS226 对A型含药物品的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR TYPE A MEDICATED ARTICLES 250 对特殊人用药品的特殊要求SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIFIC HUMAN DRUGS290 管制的药品CONTROLLED DRUGS299 药品；正式名称与已确定的名称DRUGS; OFFICIAL NAMES AND ESTABLISHED NAMES第D分章―人用药品（SUBCHAPTER D―DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE）300 总则GENERAL310 新药NEW DRUGS312 试验用新药申请INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG APPLICATION314 为FDA批准上市新药的申请APPLICATIONS FOR FDA APPROVAL TO MARKET A NEW DRUG315 诊断用放射性药品DIAGNOSTIC RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS316 罕见病药ORPHAN DRUGS320 生物利用度与生物等效性要求BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE REQUIREMENTS328 含有酒精的预期用于口部摄入的非处方药品OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR ORAL INGESTION THAT CONTAIN ALCOHOL330 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的非处方人用药品OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN DRUGS WHICH ARE GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED331 用于非处方的人类使用的抗酸产品ANTACID PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) HUMAN USE332 用于非处方的人类使用的抗胃肠气胀产品ANTIFLATULENT PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE333 用于非处方的人类使用的局部抗菌药品TOPICAL ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE335 用于非处方的人类使用的止泻药品ANTIDIARRHEAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE336 用于非处方的人类使用的止吐药品ANTIEMETIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE338 用于非处方的人类使用的帮助夜间睡眠的药品NIGHTTIME SLEEP-AID DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE340 用于非处方的人类使用的兴奋药品STIMULANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE341 用于非处方的人类使用的感冒、咳嗽、过敏症药、支气管扩张以及平喘药品COLD, COUGH, ALLERGY, BRONCHODILATOR, AND ANTIASTHMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE343 用于非处方的人类使用的内服的止痛、退热以及抗风湿药品INTERNAL ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC, AND ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE344 用于非处方的人类使用的局部的耳部药品TOPICAL OTIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE346 用于非处方的人类使用的肛肠药品ANORECTAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE347 用于非处方的人类使用的皮肤保护药品SKIN PROTECTANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE348 用于非处方的人类使用的外部的止痛药品EXTERNAL ANALGESIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE349 用于非处方的人类使用的眼科药品OPHTHALMIC DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE350 用于非处方的人类使用的止汗药品ANTIPERSPIRANT DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE352 用于非处方的人类使用的遮光药品SUNSCREEN DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE [STAYED INDEFINITELY]355 用于非处方的人类使用的防龋药品ANTICARIES DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE357 用于非处方的人类使用的其他内服药品MISCELLANEOUS INTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE358 用于非处方的人类使用的其他外用药品MISCELLANEOUS EXTERNAL DRUG PRODUCTS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER HUMAN USE361 一般认为安全与有效以及不错误标识的处方人用药品：用于研究的药品PRESCRIPTION DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE GENERALLYRECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED: DRUGS USED IN RESEARCH369 在用于非处方销售的药品与器械上关于警告的解释性声明INTERPRETATIVE STATEMENTS RE WARNINGS ON DRUGS AND DEVICES FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER SALE370-499 [预留的] [Reserved]第E分章―动物药品、饮料和相关产品（SUB CHAPTER E―ANIMAL DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS）500 总则GENERAL501 动物食品标识ANIMAL FOOD LABELING502 非标准化的动物食品的普通的或通常的名称COMMON OR USUAL NAMES FOR NONSTANDARDIZED ANIMAL FOODS509 在动物食品与食品-包装材料中的不可避免的污染物UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN ANIMAL FOOD AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL510 新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS511 作为试验用途的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR INVESTIGATIONAL USE514 新动物药申请NEW ANIMAL DRUG APPLICATIONS515 含药饲料厂执照MEDICATED FEED MILL LICENSE520 口服剂型的新动物药ORAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS522 植入或者注射剂型的新动物药IMPLANTATION OR INJECTABLE DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS524 眼科和局部剂型的新动物药OPHTHALMIC AND TOPICAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS526 乳房内的剂型INTRAMAMMARY DOSAGE FORMS529 某些其他剂型的新动物药CERTAIN OTHER DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS530 在动物中的特别标签药品使用EXTRALABEL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS556 在食品中新动物药残留的容许量TOLERANCES FOR RESIDUES OF NEW ANIMAL DRUGS IN FOOD558 用于动物饲料的新动物药NEW ANIMAL DRUGS FOR USE IN ANIMAL FEEDS564 [预留的] [Reserved]570 食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES571 食品添加剂申请FOOD ADDITIVE PETITIONS573 在动物饲料与饮用水中允许的食品添加剂FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS579 在动物饲料和宠物食品的生产、加工和处理中的辐照IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING, AND HANDLING OF ANIMAL FEED AND PET FOOD582 一般认为安全的物质SUBSTANCES GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE584 在动物饲料与饮用水中被确认为一般认为安全的食品物质FOOD SUBSTANCES AFFIRMED AS GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE IN FEED AND DRINKING WATER OF ANIMALS589 禁止用于动物食品或者饲料的物质SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED590-599 [预留的] [Reserved]第F分章―生物制品（SUB CHAPTER F―BIOLOGICS）600 生物制品：总则BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS: GENERAL601 颁发执照LICENSING606 对血液与血液组分的现行良好制造规范CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS607 对人类血液与血液制品的制造者的机构登记与产品列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND PRODUCT LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS OF HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS610 普通生物制品标准GENERAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS STANDARDS630 对血液、血液组分和血液衍生物的一般要求GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BLOOD, BLOOD COMPONENTS, AND BLOOD DERIVATIVES640 对人类血液和血液制品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR HUMAN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS660 对用于实验室检测的诊断物质的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES FOR LABORATORY TESTS680 对其他产品的附加标准ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS第G分章―化妆品（SUBCHAPTER G―COSMETICS）700 总则GENERAL701 化妆品标识COSMETIC LABELING710 化妆品机构的自愿登记VOLUNTARY REGISTRATION OF COSMETIC PRODUCT ESTABLISHMENTS720 化妆品配料构成声明的自愿存档VOLUNTARY FILING OF COSMETIC PRODUCT INGREDIENT COMPOSITION STATEMENTS740 化妆品警告声明COSMETIC PRODUCT WARNING STATEMENTS741-799 [预留的] [Reserved]第H分章―医疗器械（SUBCHAPTER H―MEDICAL DEVICES）800 总则GENERAL801 标识LABELING803 医疗器械报告MEDICAL DEVICE REPORTING806 医疗器械；改正与移动的报告MEDICAL DEVICES; REPORTS OF CORRECTIONS AND REMOVALS807 对器械的制造者与首次进口者的机构登记与器械列表ESTABLISHMENT REGISTRATION AND DEVICE LISTING FOR MANUFACTURERS AND INITIAL IMPORTERS OF DEVICES808 对州和地方医疗器械要求的联邦优先权的豁免EXEMPTIONS FROM FEDERAL PREEMPTION OF STATE AND LOCAL MEDICAL DEVICE REQUIREMENTS809 人用体外诊断产品IN VITRO DIAGNOSTIC PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE810 医疗器械召回权MEDICAL DEVICE RECALL AUTHORITY812 试验用器械豁免INVESTIGATIONAL DEVICE EXEMPTIONS813 [预留的] [Reserved]814 医疗器械的上市前批准PREMARKET APPROVAL OF MEDICAL DEVICES820 质量体系规章QUALITY SYSTEM REGULATION821 医疗器械跟踪要求MEDICAL DEVICE TRACKING REQUIREMENTS822 上市后监视POSTMARKET SURVEILLANCE860 医疗器械分类程序MEDICAL DEVICE CLASSIFICATION PROCEDURES861 性能标准制定程序PROCEDURES FOR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT862 临床化学与临床毒理学器械CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY DEVICES864 血液学与病理学器械HEMATOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY DEVICES866 免疫学与微生物学器械IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY DEVICES868 麻醉学器械ANESTHESIOLOGY DEVICES870 心血管器械CARDIOVASCULAR DEVICES872 牙科器械DENTAL DEVICES874 耳、鼻和咽器械EAR, NOSE, AND THROAT DEVICES876 胃肠病学-泌尿学器械GASTROENTEROLOGY-UROLOGY DEVICES878 普通与整形外科器械GENERAL AND PLASTIC SURGERY DEVICES880 普通医院与个人使用器械GENERAL HOSPITAL AND PERSONAL USE DEVICES882 神经学器械NEUROLOGICAL DEVICES884 产科与妇科学器械OBSTETRICAL AND GYNECOLOGICAL DEVICES886 眼科器械OPHTHALMIC DEVICES888 矫形外科器械ORTHOPEDIC DEVICES890 内科学器械PHYSICAL MEDICINE DEVICES892 放射学器械RADIOLOGY DEVICES895 禁止的器械BANNED DEVICES898 电极铅线与患者电缆的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR ELECTRODE LEAD WIRES AND PATIENT CABLES第I分章―乳房造影质量标准法（SUBCHAPTER I―MAMMOGRAPHY QUALITY STANDA RDS ACT）900 乳房造影法MAMMOGRAPHY第J分章―放射学的健康（SUBCHAPTER J―RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH）1000 总则GENERAL1002 记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS1003 缺陷与未能守法的通报NOTIFICATION OF DEFECTS OR FAILURE TO COMPLY1004 电子产品的回购、修理或者置换REPURCHASE, REPAIRS, OR REPLACEMENT OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1005 电子产品的进口IMPORTATION OF ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS1010 电子产品的性能标准：总则PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS: GENERAL1020 电离辐射发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR IONIZING RADIATION EMITTING PRODUCTS1030 微波与射电频率发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR MICROWAVE AND RADIO FREQUENCY EMITTING PRODUCTS1040 发光产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR LIGHT-EMITTING PRODUCTS1050 声波、次声波和超声波发生产品的性能标准PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR SONIC, INFRASONIC, AND ULTRASONIC RADIATION-EMITTING PRODUCTS第K分章―[预留的]（SUBCHAPTER K―[RESERVED]）第L分章―根据由食品与药品管理局行政执行的某些其他法的规章（SUBCHAPTER L―REGULATIONS UNDER CERTAIN OTHER ACTS ADMINISTERED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION）1210 根据《联邦进口乳法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL IMPORT MILK ACT1230 根据《联邦腐蚀性毒物法》的规章REGULATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL CAUSTIC POISON ACT1240 传染病的控制CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES1250 州际运输卫生INTERSTATE CONVEYANCE SANITATION1251-1269 [预留的] [Reserved]1270 预期用于移植的人体组织HUMAN TISSUE INTENDED FOR TRANSPLANTATION1271 人体细胞、组织以及细胞的和基于组织的产品HUMAN CELLS, TISSUES, AND CELLULAR AND TISSUE-BASED PRODUCTS 1272-1299 [预留的] [Reserved]第Ⅱ章―司法部毒品强制执行局（CHAPTER Ⅱ―DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE）1300 定义DEFINITIONS1301 管制物质的制造者、分销者和调剂者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, AND DISPENSERS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1302 对管制物质的标识与包装要求LABELING AND PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1303 定额QUOTAS1304 登记者的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF REGISTRANTS1305 令的格式ORDER FORMS1306 处方PRESCRIPTIONS1307 杂项MISCELLANEOUS1308 管制物质的表SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1309 表I化学品的制造者、分销者、进口者和出口者的登记REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS OF LIST I CHEMICALS1310 列入表的化学品和某些机器的记录与报告RECORDS AND REPORTS OF LISTED CHEMICALS AND CERTAIN MACHINES 1311 [预留的] [Reserved]1312 管制物质的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES1313 前体与必要化学品的进口与出口IMPORTATION AND EXPORTATION OF PRECURSORS AND ESSENTIAL CHEMICALS1314-1315 [预留的] [Reserved]1316 行政职能、规范和程序ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS, PRACTICES, AND PROCEDURES第Ⅲ章―毒品控制政策办公室（CHAPTER Ⅲ―Office of National Drug Control Policy）1400 [预留的] [Reserved]1401 信息的公众可及性PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION1402 强制性解密审查MANDATORY DECLASSIFICATION REVIEW1403 对给予州和地方政府资金和合作协议的统一行政要求UNIFORM ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS TO STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS1404 政府范围的排除与暂停（非获得）GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT)1405 对无毒品工作场所的政府范围的要求（财政援助）GOVERNMENTWIDE REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE)1406-1499 [预留的] [Reserved]。
美国良好操作规范(GMP—21CFR Part 111)【可编辑范本】
[联邦法规］[Tｉtle ２1，Ｖolｕme 2］[标题２１，第２卷][Reｖised asｏf Ａpｒiｌ1,20０8］［日期为2008年4月1日][CＩTE: ２1CＦＲ１11] [引用:21ＣFＲ111］ＴIＴLE ２１-—FOＯD ANＤＤRUGＳ标题2１—食品和药物CHAPTER I--FOOD AＮD DＲUＧADＭINＩＳTRATION 第一章—食品和药物管理局DEＰARTＭEＮT OF HEALＴH ANＤHUMAN ＳERVICEＳ部卫生与公众服务SUBCHAＰTER Ｂ-－FOOD FＯR ＨUMＡN CＯN ＳUMＰTION 子章节Ｂ组—人类食用的食物PＡRT１11 第111 ＣUＲRENT GＯOＤMＡNＵFACＴURＩNG PRACTＩCＥＩN MANＵＦACTURＩNＧ, ＰACKAＧING, LAＢEＬING, ＯR HOLＤIＮG OPＥＲA TIONＳFOＲＤIETARY ＳUＰＰＬＥＭENＴＳ现行良好操作规范在制造，包装,标签,或对食品补充剂控股作业Sｕbpaｒt Ａ－-GｅｎerａｌPrｏviｓｉonｓ子部分-一般规定Sｅｃ. 秒。
111．１Ｗhｏｉs suｂｊect to this ｐaｒt? 11１.1谁是受这部分?（a) Eｘｃept aｓｐroｖided by paragｒaph （b) of this seｃｔiｏn, yoｕａre ｓubject to this ｐａrt ｉｆｙｏu maｎufacｔｕｒe, package，ｌabｅl, or hｏld a dietaｒy suｐpleｍenｔ，inclｕdiｎg：（一）除提供段（二本节),你必须遵守, 如果你这部分的制造,包装,标签，或持有饮食的补充,其中包括：（１) A ｄietary suppｌement ｙou maｎufactｕre bｕt ｔhaｔｉs paｃkaged or laｂelｅd by anｏther person；and (1)膳食补充剂，但你制造的包装物或由他人标记;及（2) A diｅtａry suｐplｅｍeｎt impoｒted oｒｏｆfｅｒed foｒiｍpoｒｔin any Stａtｅoｒterritoｒy ｏf the Ｕnitｅd Stateｓ, ｔhe Diｓtriｃｔof Columbia，or the Cｏmmoｎwealth of PuertｏＲico. （２)膳食补充剂进口或在任何国家或美国境内的进口提供，哥伦比亚特区，或波多黎各联邦.（b）The rｅqｕirｅmeｎtｓｐｅrtaining ｔo holｄｉn ｇdiｅtary supｐlｅｍentsｄｏnoｔappｌy toｙou ifｙou are holding ｔhose dｉｅｔａry supplemeｎts aｔa retａil ｅsｔabｌisｈmenｔfor tｈe sole purpｏs ｅｏｆdirｅct reｔail saｌe to ｉndivｉdual coｎsumer ｓ。
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP(良好操作规范)法规
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP（良好操作规）法规（21 CFR part110）A 总则§110.3定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品法（以下简称该法案）第210节中术语的定义和解释适用于本法规的同类术语，下列定义亦同样适用：（a）酸性食品或酸化食品（Acid foods or acidified foods）：平衡pH值等于或低于4.6的食品。
（b）适当的（Adequate）为完成良好公共卫生规的预定目标所需要的要求。
（c）面糊（Batter）：一种半流体物质，通常包含面粉和其它成分。
可在其中浸蘸食品的主要成分，或用它涂在外表，或直接用它制成焙烤食品。
（d）烫漂（Blanching）：在包装前对食品（不包括树生坚果和花生）进行热处理，使天然酶部分或完全失活，并使该食品发生物理或生化的变化。
（e）关键控制点（Critical control point）：食品加工过程中的一个点，若该点控制不当，极可能造成、引发或导致危害，或导致成品污染，或导致成品分解。
（f）食品（Food）：指210法案（f）节所定义的食品，包括各种原料和配料。
（g）食品接触面（Food contact surfaces）：接触食品的那些表面以及经常在正常加工过程中会将污水滴溅在食品上或溅在接触食品的那些表面上的表面。
“食品接触面”包括用具及接触食品的设备表面。
（h）批（Lot）：在某一时间段生产的用具体编号标记的食品。
（i）微生物（Microorganisms）：酵母菌、霉菌、细菌和病毒，并包括但不限于对公众健康产生影响的那些微生物种类。
“不良微生物（undesirable microorganisms）”包括那些对公众健康产生显著影响的微生物，会使食品分解的微生物，会使食品受到杂质污染的微生物，或使食品成为该法案所指的掺杂食品的微生物。
在某些情况下，美国FDA在这些法规中使用形容词“微生物的（microbial）”，替代包含“微生物（microorganism）”的形容词短语。
美国良好操作规范(GMP—21CFR Part 111)
[联邦法规][Title 21, V olume 2] [标题21，第2卷][Revised as of April 1, 2008] [日期为2008年4月1日] [CITE: 21CFR111] [引用：21CFR111]TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS 标题21 -食品和药物CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 第一章-食品和药物管理局DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES 部卫生与公众服务SUBCHAPTER B--FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION 子章节B组-人类食用的食物PART 111 第111 CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN MANUFACTURING, PACKAGING, LABELING, OR HOLDING OPERATIONS FOR DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 现行良好操作规范在制造，包装，标签，或对食品补充剂控股作业Subpart A--General Provisions 子部分-一般规定Sec. 秒。
111.1 Who is subject to this part? 111.1谁是受这部分？(a) Except as provided by paragraph (b) of this section, you are subject to this part if you manufacture, package, label, or hold a dietary supplement, including: （一）除提供段（二本节），你必须遵守，如果你这部分的制造，包装，标签，或持有饮食的补充，其中包括：(1) A dietary supplement you manufacture but that is packaged or labeled by another person; and （1）膳食补充剂，但你制造的包装物或由他人标记;及(2) A dietary supplement imported or offered for import in any State or territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. （2）膳食补充剂进口或在任何国家或美国境内的进口提供，哥伦比亚特区，或波多黎各联邦。
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP(良好操作规范)法规doc18
美国FDA食品生产企业GMP（良好操作规范）法规（21 CFR part110）A 总则§110.3定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品法（以下简称该法案）第210节中术语的定义和解释适用于本法规的同类术语，下列定义亦同样适用：（a）酸性食品或酸化食品（Acid foods or acidified foods）：平衡pH值等于或低于4.6的食品。
（b）适当的（Adequate）为完成良好公共卫生规范的预定目标所需要的要求。
（c）面糊（Batter）：一种半流体物质，通常包含面粉和其它成分。
可在其中浸蘸食品的主要成分，或用它涂在外表，或直接用它制成焙烤食品。
（d）烫漂（Blanching）：在包装前对食品（不包括树生坚果和花生）进行热处理，使天然酶部分或完全失活，并使该食品发生物理或生化的变化。
（e）关键控制点（Critical control point）：食品加工过程中的一个点，若该点控制不当，极可能造成、引发或导致危害，或导致成品污染，或导致成品分解。
（f）食品（Food）：指210法案（f）节所定义的食品，包括各种原料和配料。
（g）食品接触面（Food contact surfaces）：接触食品的那些表面以及经常在正常加工过程中会将污水滴溅在食品上或溅在接触食品的那些表面上的表面。
“食品接触面”包括用具及接触食品的设备表面。
（h）批（Lot）：在某一时间段内生产的用具体编号标记的食品。
（i）微生物（Microorganisms）：酵母菌、霉菌、细菌和病毒，并包括但不限于对公众健康产生影响的那些微生物种类。
“不良微生物（undesirable microorganisms）”包括那些对公众健康产生显著影响的微生物，会使食品分解的微生物，会使食品受到杂质污染的微生物，或使食品成为该法案所指的掺杂食品的微生物。
在某些情况下，美国FDA在这些法规中使用形容词“微生物的（microbial）”，替代包含“微生物（microorganism）”的形容词短语。
FDA-GMP-21CFR-Part110培训
洗手示例
110.10 人员
2、规定洗手及消毒的时间 在接触到除已清洁的手和胳膊暴露部分以外
的人体暴露部分之后 咳嗽、打喷嚏、用完手绢或处理过卫生纸、
吸烟后、吃完东西或喝完饮料之后 食品预处理期间，若经常需要去除赃物及污
染物以及在交换工作时，要防止交叉污染 在处理完脏的设备和工器具后
110.10 人员
工的完整的产品安全计划。没有适当的GMP做基础，工 厂量系统 设施与设备系统 物料系统 生产系统 包装与标签系统 实验室控制系统
FDA SCP (SSOP)控制八大系
NO.1 加工用水和冰的安全 NO.2 食品接触面和清洁度（工器具、手套、工作
保持清洁的方法包括，但 不限于： 1、外套 2、个人卫生 3、手部的卫生 4、珠宝饰品和其它饰 物的控制。
个人卫生设施
生产场所或生产车间入口处 应设置更衣室；必要时特定 的作业区入口处可按需要设 置更衣室。更衣室应保证工 作服与个人服装及其他物品 分开放置。
生产车间入口及车间内必要 处，应按需设置换鞋（穿戴 鞋套）设施或工作鞋靴消毒 设施。如设置工作鞋靴消毒 设施，其规格尺寸应能满足 消毒需要。
SCP是针对GMP的特定几个部分，引入GMP 没有具体规
定的一些新的要求，例如监测、纠正措施、记录等。 可以使GMP得到更好的应用。
当已经鉴别的危害是与产品本身或某个单独的加工步 骤有关，必须由HACCP来控制。而与加工环境或人员有
关的危害一般有SCP来控制较好。
SCP和GMP是HACCP计划的基础，构成针对具体产品和加
A 分部—总则
110.3 定义 “食品接触面” 指接触人类食品那些表面
以及在正常加工过程中会将污水滴溅在食品 上或与食品接触的表面上的那些表面，“食 品接触面”包括用具及接触食品的设备的表 面。
FDAGMP21CFRPart110介绍及应用精选
110.10 人员
? 2、规定洗手及消毒的时间 ? 在接触到除已清洁的手和胳膊暴露部分以外
的人体暴露部分之后 ? 咳嗽、打喷嚏、用完手绢或处理过卫生纸、
吸烟后、吃完东西或喝完饮料之后 ? 食品预处理期间，若经常需要去除赃物及污
染物以及在交换工作时，要防止交叉污染 ? 在处理完脏的设备和工器具后
? A分部－总则 ? B 分部—建筑物与设施
110.30 厂房与场地 110.35 卫生操作 110.37 卫生设施及管理 ? C 分部—设备 110.40 设备与用具 ? D 分部— ( 本节预留作将来补充） ? E 分部—生产及加工管理 110.80 加工及控制 110.93 仓储与分销 ? F 分部— ( 本节预留作将来补充 ) ? G 分部— 缺陷行动水平 ( DEFECT ACTION LEVEL ）
9
A 分部—总则
? “消毒” 是指用一种方法对接触食物的表 面进行充分地处理， 这种方法能有效地消 灭危害公众健康的微生物的细胞，并大量减 少其它不良微生物的数量，但对产品及其安 全性却无不利的影响。
10
A 分部—总则
? 掺杂食品 必须用本部分的标准和定义来确定⑴某种食 品是否为该法 402(a)(3) 节意义上的掺杂 食品，也就是说这种食品是在不适合生产食 品的条件下加工的，或者是⑵该法402(a)(4) 节意义上的食品，就是说该食品是在不卫生 的条件下制作、包装或存放的，因而可能已 经受到污染，或者已经变得对人体健康有害。
? 然而，如果有必要将这些例 外的作业纳入规范，食品与 药品管理局会颁布特别的法 规。
19
Ｂ分部—建筑物与设施
? 110.30 厂房与场地 ? 场地 ? 1.放置好设备，消除垃圾和废料，铲除厂房及其构
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美国FDA 21 CFR 第110部分关于食品生产企业现行良好操作规范(GMP)法规汇总美国GMP（21 CFR part 110）法规适用于所有食品，作为食品的生产、包装、贮藏卫生品质管理体制的技术基础，具有法律上的强制性。
以下内容即为21 CFR part 110 法规汇总。
A分部—总则§110.3 现行的良好操作规范的定义（Definitions）§110.5 现行的良好操作规范（Current good manufacturing practice）§110.10 现行良好操作规范的操作人员（Personnel）§110.19 现行良好操作规范的例外情况（Exclusions）B分部-建筑物与设施§110.20 食品生产加工企业的厂房与地面（Plant and grounds）§110.35 食品生产加工企业的卫生操作（Sanitary operations）§110.37 食品生产加工企业的卫生设施及控制（Sanitary facilities and controls）C 分部—设备§110.40 食品生产加工企业的设备及器具（Equipment and utensils）D分部—预留作将来补充E分部-生产加工控制§110.80 食品生产加工及控制（Processes and controls）§110.93 食品成品的仓储与销售（Warehousing and distribution）F分部-预留作将来补充G部分-缺陷水平§110.110 供人食用的食品中对健康无危害的、天然的、不可避免的缺陷（Natural or unavoidable defects in food for human use that present no health hazard）§110.3 现行的良好操作规范的定义(Definitions) 110.3 定义联邦食品、药物及化妆品条例（以下简称条例）第201节中术语的定义和解释适用于本部分的同类术语。
下列定义亦同样适用：a.酸性食品或酸化食品：是指平衡pH值为4.6或低于4.6的食品。
b.适当的：指为达到良好的公共卫生规范的预期目的所需要满足的要求。
c.面糊：是指一种半流体物质，通常包含面粉和其他辅料，食品的主要成分可浸在其中，或用它涂膜，或直接用来形成烘烤的食品。
d.热烫：除坚果和花生外，指在包装前对食品进行足够时间和充分温度的热处理，以使天然形成的酶部分地或完全失活，并使该食品产生物理或生化方面的变化。
e.关键控制点：是指食品加工过程中的一个点，在这个点上控制不当时，就可能造成或导致危害，或使成品受到杂质污染，或造成成品的腐败。
f.食品：指条例201（F）节所定义的食品。
包括各种原料和辅料。
g.食品接触面：指与人类食品的接触表面以及在正常加工过程中因污水滴溅污染的并与食品接触的设备和工器具表面。
"食品接触面"包括与食品接触的工器具及设备的表面。
h.批：指在某一段时间生产的由具体代号标记的食品。
i.微生物：是指酵母菌、霉菌、细菌和病毒，包括（但不仅限于）对公众健康有影响的微生物种类。
"有害微生物"这个术语包括对公众健康有影响的，或使食品发酵分解的，或使食品受到杂质污染的、或使食品成为条例所指的劣质食品的微生物。
有时，美国食品与药物管理局在这些法规中使用"微生物"这个词，而不使用包含"微生物"一词的短语。
j.害虫：指令人厌恶的任何动物或昆虫，包括，但不仅限于鸟、啮齿动物、蝇和幼虫。
k.厂房：指用于人类食品加工、包装、标识或存放，或与人类食品的加工、包装、标识或存放有关的建筑物或设施或其中的某些部分。
l.质量控制操作：是指一种有计划的系统操作，并采取一切必要的行动防止食品成为条例所指的劣质食品。
m.返工品：是指由于一些不卫生因素而从加工过程中检选出的、干净的、未被掺杂的食品，或经过重新加工而再次调制，并适于消费的食品。
n.安全水分含量：指在预期的加工、贮存和分销条件下足以防止有害微生物生长的低水分含量。
一种食品的最高安全水分含量取决于它的水分活度（aw），如果有足够的数据证明，某一水分活度（aw）或低于食品水分活度（aw）时可以阻止有害微生物生长繁殖，那么就可以认为这种食品的水分活度（aw）具有安全性。
o.消毒：是指用一种对食品接触面进行充分处理的方法，这种方法能有效地消灭危害公众健康的微生物细胞，并大量减少其他有害微生物的数量。
但消毒对食品的安全性不得产生不利的影响。
p.必须（ Shall）：用于说明强制性的要求。
q.应该（Should）：用于表述推荐性或建议性的程序或用以确定推荐性的设备。
r.水分活度（aw）：是食物中游离水分的量度，它是物质的水蒸汽压力与相同温度下纯水的蒸汽压力的比率。
§110.5 现行的良好操作规范(Current good manufacturingpractice)必须用本部分的标准和定义来确定①某种食品是否为条例402（a）（3）节所讲的劣质食品，也就是说这种食品是在不适合生产食品的条件下加工的，或者是②条例 402（a）（1）节所讲食品。
就是说食品是在不卫生的条件下制作、包装或存放的。
因而可能已经受到污染，或者已经变得对人体健康有害。
本部分的标准和定义也适用于确定某种食品是否违反了公共卫生服务条例（42U.S.C.264）的361节。
受特殊的"现行良好操作规范"法规管理的食品也必须符合本法规的要求。
§110.10 现行良好操作规范的操作人员(Personnel)生产加工企业管理机构必须采取合理的措施和预防方法确保做到下列几点：疾病控制、清洁卫生、教育与培训、监督。
110.10 员工生产加工企业管理机构必须采取合理的措施和预防方法确保做到下列几点：a.疾病控制：经体检或监督人员观察，凡是患有或疑似患有疾病、创伤，包括疖、疮或感染性的创伤，或可成为食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料的微生物污染源的员工，直至上述病症消除之前，均不得参与食品生产加工，否则会造成污染。
必须要求员工在发现上述疾病时向上级报告。
b.清洁卫生：凡是在工作中直接接触食品、食品接触面及食品包装材料的员工必须严格遵守卫生操作规范，使食品免受到污染。
保持清洁的方法包括，但不仅限于：（1）穿戴适合生产加工的工作衣，防止食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料受污染。
（2）保持良好的个人卫生。
（3）开始工作之前、每次离开工作台之后、以及手被污染或其他任何情况下受到污染时，应在合适的洗手设施上彻底洗净双手（如要防止有害微生物的污染，则应进行消毒）。
（4）除去不牢靠的，可能掉入食品、设备或容器中的珠宝饰品和其他饰物，除去在手工操作食品时无法彻底消毒的首饰。
如果无法除去首饰，可以用一块完整无损的、清洁卫生的、并能有效地防止食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料受污染的物料将首饰包套起来。
（5）使用的手套（如果用它们处理食品）应完整无损、清洁卫生。
手套应当用不渗透的材料制作。
（6）在适当的场合，应戴发网、束发带、帽子、胡须套，或其他有效的须发约束物。
（7）将衣物或其他个人物品应存放在不与食品接触或被清洗设备用具之外的场所。
（8）将以下行为限制在不与食品接触或被清洗设备及用具之外的区域：吃东西、咀嚼口香糖、喝饮料或吸烟。
（9）采取其他必要的预防措施，防止食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料受到微生物或异物（包括，但不仅限于：汗水、头发、化妆品、烟草、化学物及皮肤用药物）的污染。
c.教育与培训：负责检查评定卫生不良或食品污染的人员应当受过教育培训或具有经验，或两者皆具备，这样才能保证生产出干净和安全的食品。
食品加工和监督人员应当接受食品加工技术及食品保护原理的适当培训，而且应当认识到不良的个人卫生及不卫生操作的危险性。
d.监督：必须明确地指定由符合要求的监督人员监管全体员工。
务必使员工遵守本章的一切规定（51 FR24475，1986年 6月 19日发布实施；1989年 6月 12日修改为 54FR24892）。
§110.19 现行良好操作规范的例外情况(Exclusions) 下述情况不属本规范的范围：仅从事于一种或数种条例201（r）节所指的“生的农产品”的收获、贮存或分销的企业，在将这些“生的农产品”销售给消费者之前，只对其所进行的一般清洗、预制、处理或其他形式的加工。
然而，如果有必要将上述例外情况纳入规范时，食品药物管理局会将颁布特别的法规。
B分部-建筑物与设施§110.20 食品生产加工企业的厂房与地面(Plant and grounds) 食品生产加工企业的地面必须保持良好的状态，防止食品受污染；厂房建筑物的大小、结构与设计必须便于食品生产的维修和卫生操作。
110.20 厂房与地面a.地面：食品生产加工企业的地面必须保持良好的状态，防止食品受污染。
维护地面的方法包括，但不仅限于：（l）合理放置设备，清除垃圾和废料，铲除厂房及其构造物附近可能成为害虫习惯生活的孳生地或藏身处的杂草。
（2）搞好道路、厂区和停车场卫生，这些区域不得成为食品生产加工区域的污染源。
（3）凡因渗漏、鞋上的污染物或害虫孽生地可能污染的食品区域，不得有积水。
（4）废物处理系统不得成为食品裸露区域的污染源。
如果毗连厂房的场地不在操作人员的管辖范围之内，而且不是按照本节1.（1）至（3）段所说的方法管理时，那么必须在厂区内认真地检查、灭虫或采取其他措施以消除可能成为食品污染源的害虫、废料和污染物。
b.厂房结构与设计：厂房建筑物的大小、结构与设计必须便于食品生产的维修和卫生操作。
厂房及各种设施必须：（1）提供足够的场地安装设备，存放物料，以利于进行卫生操作和食品的安全生产。
（2）应采取适当的预防措施以减少食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料受到微生物、化学物、污物或其他外来物污染的潜在危害。
可以通过适当的食品安全控制及操作规范或有效设计，包括将可能发生污染的不同生产加工分开（可采用以下任何一种或数种手段：地点、时间、隔墙、气流、封闭的操作系统或其他有效方法），以减少食品受污染的潜在危害。
（3）采取适当的预防措施以保护露天发酵容器中的散装食品，可以采用以下任何一种有效的保护手段：ⅰ使用保护性的覆盖物；ⅱ有效控制食品容器周围的区域，使害虫无藏身之处；ⅲ定期检查害虫及其活动情况；ⅳ必要时除去发酵容器的表层漂浮物。
（4）结构合理。
地板、走道、天花板应易于清扫，保持清洁及维护状况良好；支架和管道上滴下的了冷凝水滴或冷凝物不得污染食品、食品接触面或食品包装材料；设备与墙面之间应留出通道和工作场地，且不能堵塞，其空间足以使员工进行操作，而且不使食品接触面与员工的衣裤或人体相接触而污染。