2012鼓楼二模

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江苏省南京市鼓楼区2012年中考思想品德二模试题人教新课标版

某某省某某市鼓楼区2012年中考二模思想品德试卷（开卷）注意事项：1.本试卷共60分，与历史合卷，考试时间120分钟。

2.请将选择题答案填涂在答题卡上或答卷纸上；非选择题答案写在答卷纸上。

一、单项选择题（在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的。

每小题1分，共25分）1. 2011年10月15日至18日，党的十七届六中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣若干重大问题的决定》。

全会强调，以建设社会主义▲体系为根本任务，努力建设社会主义文化强国。

A．政治价值B．核心价值 C．经济价值D．文化价值2. 2012年3月28日，国务院常务会议审议并原则通过《▲管理条例（草案）》。

▲和▲。

A.袁隆平孙家栋B.师昌绪王振义C.叶笃正谷超豪D.谢家麟吴良镛4.2011年11月，以▲为内涵的“某某精神”正式发布。

此次重新定位新时期精神，就是要着力打造核心价值理念，使之成为某某迈向基本现代化的力量支点。

A．创业创新创优、争先领先率先 B．敬贤敬业，博学博爱C．自强、灵秀、宽容、守规D．敢闯敢创，守诚守信5. 2012年2月4日，联合国安理会就▲问题决议草案进行表决，中国和俄罗斯投了否决票，决议未获通过。

6.以下选项中，对于个人和集体关系的认识正确的是7．那些有清晰而长远目标的人，朝着同一方向不懈的奋斗，大多能取得成功；那些目标模糊的人则往往没有突出的业绩。

这说明A．坚定的理想是自强的航标B．扬长避短是自强的捷径C．自强是通向成功的阶梯D．理想的实现需要战胜自我8．第三届全国道德模X——女大学生孟佩杰，自幼悉心照料因病瘫痪的养母，十几年如一日，考上大学后毅然带着养母去上大学。

以下选项中，对孟佩杰的行为认识正确的是①体现了中华民族孝亲敬长的优良传统②用行动诠释着对家人的爱和责任③说明孝敬父母在不同场合有不同要求④说明学会赞赏父母有助于增进亲情A．②③ B．①③C．①②D．②④9．在生活中，天灾会导致挫折，人为因素会导致挫折，个人的道德品质、智力等因素也会导致挫折。

英语_2012年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语二模试卷(含答案)

2012年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考英语二模试卷一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. _____ORBIS doctor who got here yesterday needed _______ X-ray machine to examine his patients．（）A The； aB The； anC An； aD An； an2. -Oxfam trailwalkers in Hong Kong have to climb________ twenty hills and mountains．-It's really a tough hike．（）A throughB aroundC overD along3. -Can you kick the ball to ________ end of the football field？-It's hard for me．I think few goalkeepers can make it．（）A anotherB the otherC otherD others4. -Do you know who the first spacewoman in the world is？-I've no idea．But it's reported that the first Chinese spacewoman will be selected _____ a task in the Shenzhou-9spacecraft this summer．（）A performB performingC to performD to performing5. -Stephen，did you visit Nanjing Confucius Temple the day before yesterday？-No，I didn't go there as you told me．______，I went to Jiming Temple with my parents．（）A InsteadB AlsoC OtherwiseD However6. This opener______ open wine bottles，but I seldom use it because I______ wine．（）A used to； am not used to drinkingB is used to； am not used to drinkC is used to ； am not used to drinkingD used to； am not used to drink7. ﹣Excuse me，will the plane for Beijing __________within an hour？﹣I'm not sure．You can go to the Information Desk for help．（）A get offB take offC turn offD show off8. -_________ did you leave the classroom？-___________ I saw my daughter sit down and read her book．（）A How long； AfterB When； UntilC How long； UntilD When； After9. -Miss Green，could you tell me how to improve my pronunciation？-Sure．The most important thing is that you should _________．（）A do more exerciseB use the dictionary correctlyC listen and speak moreD wor k out some outlines first10. -It's ______ of you to bring me some fruit．-My pleasure．Please make yourself at home，sir．（）A generousB cleverC thoughtfulD polite11. ﹣Do you want to see the painting exhibition at the weekend？﹣I won't see it unless I ________．（）A will be invitedB am invitedC inviteD will invite12. ﹣Linda，together with her parents，______ up the mess in the park at the moment．﹣It's meaningful to be a volunteer．Let's join them．（）A is cleaningB are cleaningC has cleanedD have cleaned13. ﹣Did you return from Shanghai on time？﹣No．The train________ I took was late because of the bad weather．（）A whatB whoC whichD where14. -You never stay up till midnight，do you？-___________．But I think it's bad for our health．（）A No，neverB No，sometimesC Yes，neverD Yes，sometimes15. ---Jean，I didn't do very well in the text．--- ．I'm sure you will make great progress if you improve the way you study．（）A Not at allB Don't lose heartC I am afraid notD All right二、完形填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

圆与圆的位置关系综合练习

圆与圆的位置综合练习一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2010•防城港）在数轴上，点A所表示的实数是﹣2，⊙A的半径为2，⊙B的半径为1，若⊙B与⊙A外切，则在数轴上点B所表示的实数是（）A．1B．﹣5 C．1或﹣5 D．﹣1或﹣32．（2009•肇庆）若⊙O1与⊙O2相切，且O1O2=5，⊙O1的半径r1=2，则⊙O2的半径r2是（）A．3B．5C．7D．3或73．（2009•临沂）已知⊙O1和⊙O2相切，⊙O1的直径为9cm，⊙O2的直径为4cm．则O1O2的长是（）A．5cm或13cm B．2.5cm C．6.5cm D．2.5cm或6.5cm4．（2009•佛山）将两枚同样大小的硬币放在桌上，固定其中一枚，而另一枚则沿着其边缘滚动一周，这时滚动的硬币滚动了（）A．1圈B．1.5圈C．2圈D．2.5圈5．（2009•滨州）已知两圆半径分别为2和3，圆心距为d，若两圆没有公共点，则下列结论正确的是（）A．0＜d＜1 B．d＞5 C．0＜d＜1或d＞5 D．0≤d＜1或d＞56．（2008•雅安）已知两圆圆心距是5，半径分别为2和3，则两圆的位置关系为（）A．相离B．相交C．内切D．外切7．（2008•宁夏）已知⊙O1和⊙O2相切，两圆的圆心距为9cm，⊙O1的半径为4cm，则⊙O2的半径为（）A．5cm B．13cm C．9cm或13cm D．5cm或13cm8．（2007•肇庆）若两圆没有公共点，则两圆的位置关系是（）A．外离B．外切C．内含D．外离或内含9．（2007•襄阳）如图，△ABC是边长为10的等边三角形，以AC为直径作⊙O，D是BC上一点，BD=2，以点B 为圆心，BD为半径的⊙B与⊙O的位置关系为（）A．相交B．外离C．外切D．内切10．（2007•泰安）半径分别为13和15的两圆相交，且公共弦长为24，则两圆的圆心距为（）A．或14 B．或4C．14 D．4或14二．填空题（共8小题）11．（2012•攀枝花）如图，以BC为直径的⊙O1与⊙O2外切，⊙O1与⊙O2的外公切线交于点D，且∠ADC=60°，过B点的⊙O1的切线交其中一条外公切线于点A．若⊙O2的面积为π，则四边形ABCD的面积是_________．12．（2011•绍兴）如图，相距2cm的两个点A、B在直线l上．它们分别以2cm/s和1cm/s的速度在l上同时向右平移，当点A，B分别平移到点A1，B1的位置时，半径为1cm的⊙A1，与半径为BB1的⊙B相切．则点A平移到点A1，所用的时间为_________s．13．（2010•宁夏）如图是三根外径均为1米的圆形钢管堆积图和主视图，则其最高点与地面的距离是_________米．14．（2008•绍兴）如图中的圆均为等圆，且相邻两圆外切，圆心连线构成正三角形，记各阴影部分面积从左到右依次为S1，S s，S3，…，S n，则S12：S4的值等于_________．15．（2008•三明）如图，在以O为圆心的两个同心圆中，大圆的直径AB交小圆于C、D两点，AC=CD=DB，分别以C、D为圆心，以CD为半径作圆．若AB=6cm，则图中阴影部分的面积为_________cm2．16．（2007•河池）若两圆的半径分别为5cm和3cm，圆心距为1cm，则这两个圆的位置关系是_________．17．（2004•郫县）已知半径3cm，4cm的两圆外切，那么半径为6cm且与这两圆都相切的圆共有_________个．18．（2000•嘉兴）如图，⊙O1与⊙O2交于点A，B，延长⊙O2的直径CA交⊙O1于点D，延长⊙O2的弦CB交⊙O1于点E．已知AC=6，AD：BC：BE=1：1：5，则DE的长是_________．三．解答题（共5小题）19．（2012•鼓楼区二模）如图，已知边长为10的菱形ABCD，对角线BD、AC交于点O，AC=12，点P在射线BD 上运动，过点P分别向直线AB、AD作垂线，垂足分别为E、F．（1）对角线BD长为_________；（2）设PB=x，以PO为半径的⊙P与以DF为半径的⊙D相切时，求x的值．20．（2008•静安区二模）如图，在四边形ABCD中，∠B=90°，AD∥BC，AB=4，BC=12，点E在边BA的延长线上，AE=2，点F在BC边上，EF与边AD相交于点G，DF⊥EF，设AG=x，DF=y．（1）求y关于x的函数解析式，并写出定义域；（2）当AD=11时，求AG的长；（3）如果半径为EG的⊙E与半径为FD的⊙F相切，求这两个圆的半径．21．如图，正方形网格中，每个小正方形的边长为1个单位，以O为原点建立平面直角坐标系，圆心为A（3，0）的⊙A被y轴截得的弦长BC=8．解答下列问题：（1）求⊙A 的半径；（2）请在图中将⊙A 先向上平移6 个单位，再向左平移8个单位得到⊙D，并写出圆心D的坐标；（3）观察你所画的图形，对⊙D 与⊙A 的位置关系作出合情的猜想，并直接写出你的结论．聪明的小伙伴，你完成整张试卷全部试题的解答后，如果还有时间对问题（3）的猜想结论给出证明，将酌情另加1～5分，并计入总分．22．如图，在平台上用直径为100mm的两根圆钢棒嵌在大型工件的两侧，测量大的圆形工件的直径，设两圆钢棒的外侧的距离为xmm，工件的直径为Dmm．（1）求出D（mm）与x（mm）之间的函数关系式；（2）当图形工件的直径D小于圆钢棒的直径时，上面所求得的D与x的函数关系式还是否仍然适用？请说明理由．23．实验探究：同学们，你注意过烟盒里的香烟是如何摆放的吗？已知，一个烟盒的长为56mm，宽为22mm，高为87mm，一根烟的直径是8mm，若把20根香烟摆放在烟盒中，请你探究合理的摆放方法．圆与圆的位置综合练习参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题）1．（2010•防城港）在数轴上，点A所表示的实数是﹣2，⊙A的半径为2，⊙B的半径为1，若⊙B与⊙A外切，则在数轴上点B所表示的实数是（）A．1B．﹣5 C．1或﹣5 D．﹣1或﹣3考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：本题直接告诉了两圆的半径及位置关系，根据数量关系与两圆位置关系的对应情况便可直接得出答案．外离，则P＞R+r；外切，则P=R+r；相交，则R﹣r＜P＜R+r；内切，则P=R﹣r；内含，则P＜R﹣r．（P表示圆心距，R，r分别表示两圆的半径）．解答：解：设数轴上点B所表示的实数是b，则AB=||b﹣（﹣2）|=|b+2|，⊙B与⊙A外切时，AB=2+1，即|b+2|=3，解得b=1或﹣5，故选C．点评：本题考查了由数量关系及两圆位置关系求圆心坐标的方法．2．（2009•肇庆）若⊙O1与⊙O2相切，且O1O2=5，⊙O1的半径r1=2，则⊙O2的半径r2是（）A．3B．5C．7D．3或7考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：两圆相切，包括了内切或外切，即d=R+r，d=R﹣r，分别求解．解答：解：∵这两圆相切∴⊙O1与⊙O2的位置关系是内切或外切，O1O2=5，⊙O1的半径r1=2，所以r1+r2=5或r2﹣r1=5，解得r2=3或7．故选D．点评：本题考查了由两圆位置关系来判断半径和圆心距之间数量关系的方法．两圆的半径分别为R和r，且R≥r，圆心距为d：外离d＞R+r；外切d=R+r；相交R﹣r＜d＜R+r；内切d=R﹣r；内含d＜R﹣r．3．（2009•临沂）已知⊙O1和⊙O2相切，⊙O1的直径为9cm，⊙O2的直径为4cm．则O1O2的长是（）A．5cm或13cm B．2.5cm C．6.5cm D．2.5cm或6.5cm考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：半径不相等的两圆相切有两种情况：内切和外切，不要只考虑其中一种情况．由⊙O1与⊙O2的直径分别为9cm和4cm得两圆的半径分别为4.5cm、2cm；当两圆外切时，O1O2=4.5+2=6.5（cm）；当两圆内切时，O1O2=4.5﹣2=2.5（cm），所以O1O2的值为6.5cm或2.5cm．注意，相同半径的两圆只有外切与外离，而没有内切与内含的位置关系．解答：解：∵⊙O1和⊙O2相切，∴两圆可能内切和外切，∴当两圆外切时，O1O2=4.5+2=6.5（cm）；当两圆内切时，O1O2=4.5﹣2=2.5（cm）；∴O1O2的长是2.5cm或6.5cm．∴故选D．点评：本题考查两圆的位置关系．特别注意：两圆相切，则可能有两种情况，内切或外切．4．（2009•佛山）将两枚同样大小的硬币放在桌上，固定其中一枚，而另一枚则沿着其边缘滚动一周，这时滚动的硬币滚动了（）A．1圈B．1.5圈C．2圈D．2.5圈考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题；转化思想．分析：根据自身的周长和滚动的周长求解．解答：解：设圆的半径是r，则另一枚沿着其边缘滚动一周所走的路程是以2r为半径的圆周长，即是4πr，它自身的周长是2πr．即一共滚了2圈．故选C．点评：此题要特别注意正确分析另一枚则沿着其边缘滚动一周所走的路程．5．（2009•滨州）已知两圆半径分别为2和3，圆心距为d，若两圆没有公共点，则下列结论正确的是（）A．0＜d＜1 B．d＞5 C．0＜d＜1或d＞5 D．0≤d＜1或d＞5考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：若两圆没有公共点，则可能外离或内含，据此考虑圆心距的取值范围．解答：解：若两圆没有公共点，则可能外离或内含，外离时的数量关系应满足d＞5；内含时的数量关系应满足0≤d＜1．故选D．点评：考查了两圆的位置关系和数量关系之间的等价关系．6．（2008•雅安）已知两圆圆心距是5，半径分别为2和3，则两圆的位置关系为（）A．相离B．相交C．内切D．外切考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：由两圆的半径分别2和3，圆心距为5，根据两圆位置关系与圆心距d，两圆半径R，r的数量关系间的联系即可得出两圆位置关系．解答：解：∵两圆的半径分别为2和3，圆心距为5，又∵2+3=5，∴两圆的位置关系是外切．故选D．点评：此题考查了圆与圆的位置关系．解题的关键是掌握两圆位置关系与圆心距d，两圆半径R，r的数量关系间的联系．7．（2008•宁夏）已知⊙O1和⊙O2相切，两圆的圆心距为9cm，⊙O1的半径为4cm，则⊙O2的半径为（）A．5cm B．13cm C．9cm或13cm D．5cm或13cm考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题；分类讨论．分析：根据两圆的位置关系与圆心距和两圆半径之间的数量关系之间的联系即可解决问题．设两圆的半径分别为R和r，且R≥r，圆心距为d：外离，则d＞R+r；外切，则d=R+r；相交，则R﹣r＜d＜R+r；内切，则d=R﹣r；内含，则d＜R﹣r．解答：解：两圆相切时，有两种情况：内切和外切．当外切时，另一圆的半径=9+4=13cm；当内切时，另一圆的半径=9﹣4=5cm．故选D．点评：本题考查了两圆相切时，两圆的半径与圆心距的关系，注意有两种情况．8．（2007•肇庆）若两圆没有公共点，则两圆的位置关系是（）A．外离B．外切C．内含D．外离或内含考点：圆与圆的位置关系．分析：此题要求两个圆的位置关系，可观察两个圆之间的交点个数，一个交点两圆相切（内切或外切），两个交点两圆相交，没有交点两圆相离（外离或内含）．解答：解：外离或内含时，两圆没有公共点．故选D．点评：此题考查的是两个圆之间的位置关系，解此类题目时可根据两个圆的交点个数来判断两个圆的位置关系．9．（2007•襄阳）如图，△ABC是边长为10的等边三角形，以AC为直径作⊙O，D是BC上一点，BD=2，以点B 为圆心，BD为半径的⊙B与⊙O的位置关系为（）A．相交B．外离C．外切D．内切考点：圆与圆的位置关系；等边三角形的性质．专题：压轴题．分析：要判断两圆的位置关系，需要明确两圆的半径和两圆的圆心距，再根据数量关系进一步判断两圆的位置关系．设两圆的半径分别为R和r，且R≥r，圆心距为d：外离，则d＞R+r；外切，则d=R+r；相交，则R﹣r＜d＜R+r；内切，则d=R﹣r；内含，则d＜R﹣r．解答：解：根据题意，得：圆O的直径是10，点B到点O的距离是5，则5＞5+2，所以⊙B与⊙O的位置关系为外离．故选B．点评：本题考查了由数量关系来判断两圆位置关系的方法．10．（2007•泰安）半径分别为13和15的两圆相交，且公共弦长为24，则两圆的圆心距为（）A．或14 B．或4C．14 D．4或14考点：相交两圆的性质．分析：利用了连心线垂直平分公共弦，勾股定理求解，注意两圆相交的情况有两种情况．解答：解：如图，圆A与圆B相交于点C，D，CD与AB交于点E，AC=15，BC=13，由于连心线AB垂直平分CD，有CE=12，△ACE，△BCE是直角三角形，由勾股定理得，AE=9，BE=5，而两圆相交的情况有两种，当为左图时，AB=AE﹣BE=9﹣5=4，当为右图时，AB=AE+BE=14．故选D．点评：本题利用了连心线垂直平分公共弦，勾股定理．二．填空题（共8小题）11．（2012•攀枝花）如图，以BC为直径的⊙O1与⊙O2外切，⊙O1与⊙O2的外公切线交于点D，且∠ADC=60°，过B点的⊙O1的切线交其中一条外公切线于点A．若⊙O2的面积为π，则四边形ABCD的面积是12．考点：相切两圆的性质；含30度角的直角三角形；勾股定理；矩形的判定与性质；切线长定理．专题：计算题；压轴题．分析：设⊙O1的半径是R，求出⊙O2的半径是1，连接DO2，DO1，O2E，O1H，AO1，作O2F⊥BC于F，推出D、O2、O1三点共线，∠CDO1=30°，求出四边形CFO2E是矩形，推出O2E=CF，CE=FO2，∠FO2O1=∠CDO1=30°，推出R+1=2（R﹣1），求出R=3，求出DO1，在Rt△CDO1中，由勾股定理求出CD，求出AH==AB，根据梯形面积公式得出×（AB+CD）×BC，代入求出即可．解答：解：∵⊙O2的面积为π，设⊙O2的半径是r，则π×r2=π∴⊙O2的半径是1，∵AB和AH是⊙O1的切线，∴AB=AH，设⊙O1的半径是R，连接DO2，DO1，O2E，O1H，AO1，作O2F⊥BC于F，∵⊙O1与⊙O2外切，⊙O1与⊙O2的外公切线DC、DA，∠ADC=60°，∴D、O2、O1三点共线，∠CDO1=30°，∴∠DAO1=60°，∠O2EC=∠ECF=∠CFO2=90°，∴四边形CFO2E是矩形，∴O2E=CF，CE=FO2，∠FO2O1=∠CDO1=30°，∴DO2=2O2E=2，∠HAO1=60°，∵O1O2=2O1F（在直角三角形中，30度角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半），又∵O1F=R﹣1，O1O2=R+1，∴R+1=2（R﹣1），解得：R=3，即DO1=2+1+3=6，在Rt△CDO1中，由勾股定理得：CD=3，∵∠HO1A=90°﹣60°=30°，HO1=3，∴AH==AB，∴四边形ABCD的面积是：×（AB+CD）×BC=×（+3）×（3+3）=12．故答案为：12．点评：本题考查的知识点是勾股定理、相切两圆的性质、含30度角的直角三角形、矩形的性质和判定，本题主要考查了学生能否运用性质进行推理和计算，题目综合性比较强，有一定的难度．12．（2011•绍兴）如图，相距2cm的两个点A、B在直线l上．它们分别以2cm/s和1cm/s的速度在l上同时向右平移，当点A，B分别平移到点A1，B1的位置时，半径为1cm的⊙A1，与半径为BB1的⊙B相切．则点A平移到点A1，所用的时间为或3s．考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题；数形结合；分类讨论．分析：首先设点A平移到点A1，所用的时间为ts，根据题意求得AB=2cm，AA1=2tcm，BB1=tcm，再分别从内切与外切四种情况分析求解，即可求得答案．解答：解：设点A平移到点A1，所用的时间为ts，根据题意得：AB=2cm，AA1=2tcm，A1B=（2﹣2t）cm，BB1=tcm，如图，此时外切：2﹣2t=1+t，∴t=；如图，此时内切：2﹣2t=1﹣t，∴t=1，此时两圆心重合，舍去；或2﹣2t=t﹣1，解得：t=1，此时两圆心重合，舍去；如图，此时内切：2t﹣t+1=2，∴t=1，此时两圆心重合，舍去；如图：此时外切：2t﹣t﹣1=2，∴t=3．∴点A平移到点A1，所用的时间为1或3s．故答案为：或3．点评：此题考查了圆与圆的位置关系．解题的关键是注意数形结合与方程思想，分类讨论思想的应用，注意别漏解．13．（2010•宁夏）如图是三根外径均为1米的圆形钢管堆积图和主视图，则其最高点与地面的距离是米．考点：相切两圆的性质．专题：压轴题．分析：连接三个圆的圆心，构造等边三角形．根据等边三角形的性质进行求解．解答：解：连接三个圆的圆心，构造等边三角形，则等边三角形的边长是1．根据等边三角形的三线合一和勾股定理，得等边三角形的高是．则其最高点与地面的距离是（1+）米．点评：此题主要是构造等边三角形，根据等边三角形的性质进行计算．14．（2008•绍兴）如图中的圆均为等圆，且相邻两圆外切，圆心连线构成正三角形，记各阴影部分面积从左到右依次为S1，S s，S3，…，S n，则S12：S4的值等于19：7．考点：相切两圆的性质．专题：压轴题；规律型．分析：首先正确求得第一个图形的面积，然后结合图形发现面积增加的规律，从而进行分析求解．解答：解：设圆的半径是1，在第一个图形中，阴影部分的面积是3π﹣π=π；观察图形发现：阴影部分的面积依次增加1.5π．所以第四个图形的面积是2.5π+1.5π×3=7π，第12个图形的面积是2.5π+1.5π×11=19π．所以它们的比值是．点评：此类题的关键是找规律，根据规律进行计算．15．（2008•三明）如图，在以O为圆心的两个同心圆中，大圆的直径AB交小圆于C、D两点，AC=CD=DB，分别以C、D为圆心，以CD为半径作圆．若AB=6cm，则图中阴影部分的面积为4πcm2．考点：圆与圆的位置关系．分析：根据圆的中心对称性，大圆与小圆之间的部分全等，故阴影部分的面积是两圆面积差的一半．解答：解：观察图形，发现：阴影部分的面积是两圆面积差的一半，即S阴影=（S大圆﹣S小圆）=（π×32﹣π×12）=4π．点评：这里要能够把阴影部分合到一起整体计算．16．（2007•河池）若两圆的半径分别为5cm和3cm，圆心距为1cm，则这两个圆的位置关系是内含．考点：圆与圆的位置关系．分析：先计算两圆半径的和与差，再与圆心距比较，得出结论．解答：解：因为5﹣3＞1，根据圆心距与半径之间的数量关系可知，⊙O1与⊙O2的位置关系是内含．点评：本题考查了由数量关系来判断两圆位置关系的方法．设两圆的半径分别为R和r，且R≥r，圆心距为d：外离d＞R+r；外切d=R+r；相交R﹣r＜d＜R+r；内切d=R﹣r；内含d＜R﹣r．17．（2004•郫县）已知半径3cm，4cm的两圆外切，那么半径为6cm且与这两圆都相切的圆共有4个．考点：圆与圆的位置关系．专题：压轴题．分析：两圆相切有内切和外切两种情况，本题只要画出图形加以判断即可．解答：解：如图：与两圆相切的有4个．点评：本题考查的是圆与圆的位置关系，解此类题目常常要结合图形再进行判断．18．（2000•嘉兴）如图，⊙O1与⊙O2交于点A，B，延长⊙O2的直径CA交⊙O1于点D，延长⊙O2的弦CB交⊙O1于点E．已知AC=6，AD：BC：BE=1：1：5，则DE的长是9．考点：圆内接四边形的性质；解分式方程；圆与圆的位置关系；相交两圆的性质；相似三角形的判定与性质．专题：压轴题．分析：连接公共弦AB，构成圆内接四边形ABED，根据圆内接四边形的性质，可证明△ABC∽△EDC，从而得出与AD、BC、BE有关的比例线段，根据AD：BC：BE=1：1：5，设线段长度，代入比例式可求CD、CE的长，在Rt△EDC中，用勾股定理求ED．解答：解：连接AB，在圆内接四边形ABED中，∠BAC=∠E，∠ABC=∠EDC，因为AC为⊙O2直径，则∠ABC=90°，于是△ABC∽△EDC，因为AD：BC：BE=1：1：5，所以，设AD=x，BC=x，BE=5x；于是：=，即6x2=36+6x，x2﹣x﹣6=0，解得x=3，x=﹣2（负值设去），在Rt△EDC中，ED==9．点评：本题考查的是对圆心角和圆周角的关系，以及圆的内接四边形的外角和相应的内对角关系的应用．解答此类题关键是通过角的关系，在解题中应用中间角来寻找等量关系．三．解答题（共5小题）19．（2012•鼓楼区二模）如图，已知边长为10的菱形ABCD，对角线BD、AC交于点O，AC=12，点P在射线BD 上运动，过点P分别向直线AB、AD作垂线，垂足分别为E、F．（1）对角线BD长为16；（2）设PB=x，以PO为半径的⊙P与以DF为半径的⊙D相切时，求x的值．考点：相切两圆的性质；勾股定理；菱形的性质．分析：（1）根据菱形性质求出AO长，OB=OD，AC⊥BD，根据勾股定理求出BO，即可求出BD；（2）设PB=x，则PD=BD﹣PB=16﹣x．在Rt△PFD中，求出DF=DP•cos∠ADB=（16﹣x），分为两种情况：①当⊙P与⊙D外切时：第一种情况，当P点在点O的左侧，PO=8﹣x，根据相切两圆性质得出PO+DF=PD，代入得出方程（8﹣x）+（16﹣x）=16﹣x，求出x即可；第二种情况，当P点在点O的右侧，PO=x﹣8，根据相切两圆的性质得出PO+DF=PD，代入得出方程（x﹣8）+（16﹣x）=16﹣x，求出方程的解即可；②当⊙P与⊙D内切时：第三种情况，PO=PB﹣OB=x﹣8，根据OP﹣DF═PD，得出方程（x﹣8）﹣（16﹣x）=16﹣x，求出即可；第四种情况，点P在点D右侧时，PF=OD=8，则DP=10，PB=26．解答：（1）解：∵四边形ABCD是菱形，∴AO=OC=AC=6，OB=OD，AC⊥BD，由勾股定理得：BO===8，∴BD=16，故答案为：16．（2）PB=x，则PD=BD﹣PB=16﹣x．∵PF⊥AD，∴在Rt△PFD中，DF=DP•cos∠ADB=（16﹣x）；①当⊙P与⊙D外切时：情况一：当P点在点O的左侧，PO=OB﹣PB=8﹣x，此时PO+DF=PD，∴（8﹣x）+（16﹣x）=16﹣x，解得，x=6；情况二：当P点在点O的右侧，PO=PB﹣OB=x﹣8，此时PO+DF=PD，∴（x﹣8）+（16﹣x）=16﹣x，解得，x=；②当⊙P与⊙D内切时：情况三：点P在D的左侧时，PO=PB﹣OB=x﹣8，∵PD＞DF，∴DF﹣OP═PD，∴（x﹣8）﹣（16﹣x）=16﹣x，解得，x=；情况四：点P在点D右侧时，DF=OD=8，则DP=10，PB=26，综上所述，PB的长为6或或或26．点评：本题考查了解直角三角形，菱形的性质，勾股定理，相切两圆的性质等知识点，主要考查学生综合运用性质进行推理和计算的能力，题目综合性比较强，难度偏大，注意要进行分类讨论．20．（2008•静安区二模）如图，在四边形ABCD中，∠B=90°，AD∥BC，AB=4，BC=12，点E在边BA的延长线上，AE=2，点F在BC边上，EF与边AD相交于点G，DF⊥EF，设AG=x，DF=y．（1）求y关于x的函数解析式，并写出定义域；（2）当AD=11时，求AG的长；（3）如果半径为EG的⊙E与半径为FD的⊙F相切，求这两个圆的半径．考点：相似三角形的判定与性质；勾股定理；相切两圆的性质．专题：压轴题；探究型．分析：（1）先根据AD∥BC，∠B=90°求出∠EAG=∠B=90°，在Rt△AEG中根据勾股定理可用x表示出EG的值，再根据平行线分线段成比例可得出=，进而可得到关于x、y的关系式，由二次根式有意义的条件求出x的取值范围即可；（2）由△DFG∽△EAG可得到=，可用x表示出GD的值，再把AD=11代入即可求出x的值，进而得出AG的长；（3）①当⊙E与⊙F外切时，EF=EG+FD=EG+FG，再由△DFG∽△EAG即可求出AG=AE=2，进而可得出⊙E与⊙F的半径；②当⊙E与⊙F内切时，EF=FD﹣EG，再把EF、FD及ED的关系式代入即可求出x的值，由勾股定理即可求出两圆的半径．解答：解：（1）∵AD∥BC，∠B=90°，∴∠EAG=∠B=90°，∴EG==，∵=，∴FG===，∵∠DFG=∠EAG=90°，∠EGA=∠DGF，△DFG∽△EAG，∴=，∴=，∴y关于x的函数解析式为y=，定义域为0＜x≤4．（2）∵△DFG∽△EAG，∴=，∴=，∴GD=．当AD=11时，x+=11，x1=1，x2=，经检验它们都是原方程的根，且符合题意，所以AG的长为1或．（3）当⊙E与⊙F外切时，EF=EG+FD=EG+FG，∴FD=FG，∵△DFG∽△EAG，∴∠E=∠AGE=∠FGD=∠GDF．∴AG=AE=2；∴⊙E的半径EG=，⊙F的半径FD=．当⊙E与⊙F内切时，EF=FD﹣EG，∴3=﹣，∵≠0，∴3=，∴x=1，∴⊙E的半径EG==，⊙F的半径FD=，∴⊙E的半径为2，⊙F的半径为4；或⊙E的半径为，⊙F的半径为4．点评：本题考查的是相似三角形的判定与性质、勾股定理及两圆相切的性质，涉及面较广，难度较大，在解（3）时要注意分两圆外切与内切两种情况进行讨论．21．如图，正方形网格中，每个小正方形的边长为1个单位，以O为原点建立平面直角坐标系，圆心为A（3，0）的⊙A被y轴截得的弦长BC=8．解答下列问题：（1）求⊙A 的半径；（2）请在图中将⊙A 先向上平移6 个单位，再向左平移8个单位得到⊙D，并写出圆心D的坐标；（3）观察你所画的图形，对⊙D 与⊙A 的位置关系作出合情的猜想，并直接写出你的结论．聪明的小伙伴，你完成整张试卷全部试题的解答后，如果还有时间对问题（3）的猜想结论给出证明，将酌情另加1～5分，并计入总分．考点：垂径定理；勾股定理；圆与圆的位置关系；坐标与图形变化-平移．专题：作图题．分析：（1）连接AB，根据垂径定理求出BO，根据勾股定理求出AB即可；（2）根据已知画出图形即可，根据平移规律求出D的坐标即可；（3）根据图形即可得出结论．解答：（1）解：∵x轴⊥y轴，A在x轴上，∴BO=CO=4，连接AB，由勾股定理得：AB==5，答：⊙A的半径是5．（2）解：如图：圆心D的坐标是（﹣5，6）．（3）解：⊙D 与⊙A 的位置关系是外切．点评：本题考查了对勾股定理，垂径定理，圆与圆的位置关系，坐标与图形变化﹣平移等知识点的应用，解此题的关键是根据题意画出图形，培养了学生分析问题的能力，同时也培养了学生观察图形的能力，题型较好，难度适中．22．如图，在平台上用直径为100mm的两根圆钢棒嵌在大型工件的两侧，测量大的圆形工件的直径，设两圆钢棒的外侧的距离为xmm，工件的直径为Dmm．（1）求出D（mm）与x（mm）之间的函数关系式；（2）当图形工件的直径D小于圆钢棒的直径时，上面所求得的D与x的函数关系式还是否仍然适用？请说明理由．考点：相切两圆的性质；勾股定理；切线的性质．专题：计算题．分析：（1）设三圆的圆心分别为A、B、C，连接AB，则AB过切点E，连接AC，则AC过切点F，连接BC，AN，AN交BC于M，由题意得出AB=AC=50+，BC=x﹣（50+50）=x﹣100，AN=﹣50，在△ABM中根据勾股定理得出D和x的方程，求出即可；（2）根据（1）结合图形仍能得出函数解析式，即可得出答案．解答：（1）解：如图设三圆的圆心分别为A、B、C，连接AB，则AB过切点E，连接AC，则AC过切点F，连接BC，AN，AN交BC于M，由题意得：AB=AC=50+，BC=x﹣（50+50）=x﹣100，AN=﹣50，∵AC=AB，AM⊥BC，∴BM=CM=（x﹣100）=x﹣50，在Rt△ABM中，由勾股定理得：AB2=AM2+BM2，∴=+，即D=x2﹣x+25．（2）解：当图形工件的直径D小于圆钢棒的直径时，上面所求得的D与x的函数关系式能仍然适用，因为那样时，三圆同时与平台相切，有两大圆都与小圆相切时，得出的方程与（1）中的方程相同，所有上面所求得的D与x的函数关系式能仍然适用．点评：本题考查了相切两圆的性质，切线的性质，勾股定理等知识点的应用，能根据题意得出方程是解此题的关键，主要考查学生的观察能力和构造直角三角形的能力，题目比较典型，有一定的难度．23．实验探究：同学们，你注意过烟盒里的香烟是如何摆放的吗？已知，一个烟盒的长为56mm，宽为22mm，高为87mm，一根烟的直径是8mm，若把20根香烟摆放在烟盒中，请你探究合理的摆放方法．考点：相切两圆的性质；勾股定理．专题：计算题．分析：分为两种情况：（1）并列摆放，根据烟的直径和烟盒的长、宽得出只能放14根；（2）若错位摆放，连接O1O2、O2O3、O3O1，解答：解：（1）若并列摆放，如图①，因为烟的直径为8mm，所以AD方向上能并排放（根）烟，而在AB方向上，因为8×3=24＞22，所以只能放两根，即烟盒只能放2×7=14（根）烟，此法不行．（2）若错位摆放，如图②，连接O1O2、O2O3、O3O1，则O2O3=O3O1=8mm，△O1O2O3为等腰三角形，过O3作O3E⊥O1O2，则E是O1O2的中点．=7（mm）．所以在Rt△O1O3E中，（mm）．故排列后中排所需空间长度=（mm），三排所需宽度为AB=22mm，故此摆放符合要求．点评：本题考查了对相切两圆的性质，勾股定理，等腰三角形性质的运用，主要培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力，注意：分类讨论啊．。

鼓楼区2011-2012学年度第二学期调研测试卷九年级数学

鼓楼区2011-2012学年度第二学期调研测试卷九年级数学注意事项：1．本试卷共6页．全卷满分120分．考试时间为120分钟．考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效． 2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上． 3．答选择题必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效． 4．作图必须用2B 铅笔作答，并请加黑加粗，描写清楚．一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分．在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题．．卡．相应位置．．．．上） 1．把笔尖放在数轴的原点处，先向负方向移动3个单位长度，再向正方向移动2个单位长度，这时笔尖的位置表示什么数？用算式表示以上过程及结果为 A ．（+3）+（+2）=+5 B ．（+3）+（－2）=+1 C ．（－3）－（+2）=－5 D ．（－3）+（+2）=－1 2．已知⊙O 1的半径为2，⊙O 2的半径为5，若⊙O 1和⊙O 2有2个公共点，则圆心距O 1O 2的长度可以是 A ．3 B ．5 C ．7 D ．93．某礼品包装盒为体积900 cm 3的正方体，若这个正方体棱长为x cm ，则x 的范围为A ．7＜x ＜8B ．8＜x ＜9C ．9＜x ＜10D ．10＜x ＜114．如图，关于∠α与∠β的同一种三角函数值，有三个结论：① tan α＞tan β，② sin α＞sin β， ③ cos α＞cos β．正确的结论为A ．①②B ．②③C ．①③ D5．如图，△ABC 中，∠ABC ＝45°，AC ＝10，对折使点B 与点A 重合，折痕与BC 交于点D ，BD ：DC =4：3，则DC 的长为A ．4B ．6C ．8D ．10 6．如图，以O 为圆心，半径为2的圆与反比例函数y ＝3 x(x ＞0)的图象交于A 、B 两点，则⌒AB 的长度为 A ．43π B ．π C ．23π D ．13π二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分．不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位．．．．．．置．上） 7． 12的相反数是 ▲ ．8．如图，直线a ∥b ，若∠1＝40°，则∠2＝ ▲ °．（第4题） α β A BC D （第5题）（第8题）ab129．分解因式：2x 2y －8y ＝ ▲ ．10．国务院总理温家宝在政府工作报告中指出，我国2011年国内生产总值47.2万亿元．47.2万亿元用科学计数法表示为： ▲ 元．11．写出一个含x 的分式，使得当x ＝2时，分式的值是3．这个分式可以是： ▲ ．12．在1个不透明的口袋里装了2个红球和3个白球，每个球除颜色外都相同，将球摇匀．据此，请你设计一个摸球的随机事件： ▲ ． 13．学习了 “幂的运算”后，课本提出了一个问题；“根据负整数指数幂的意义，你能用同底数幂的乘法性质（a m ·a n＝a m +n ，其中m 、n 是整数）推导出同底数幂除法的性质（a m ÷a n ＝a m －n ，其中m 、n 是整数）吗？”．请你写出简单的推导过程：▲ ．14．某数学兴趣小组研究二次函数y =mx 2－2mx +3(m ≠0)的图象发现，随着m 的变化，这个二次函数的图象形状与位置均发生变化，但这个二次函数的图象总经过两个定点，请你写出这两个定点的坐标： ▲ ．15．把两个相同的矩形按如图所示的方式叠合起来，若它们的长与宽分别为48cm 与36cm ，则重叠部分的面积为▲ cm 2．16．如图是两张大小不同的4 4方格纸，它们均由16个小正方形组成，其中图①与图②中小正方形的面积比为5：4，请在图②中画出格点正方形EFGH ，使它与图①中格点正方形ABCD 的面积相等．三、解答题（本大题共12小题，共88分．请在答题卡指定区域．．．．．．．内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤） 17．（6分）计算（512+23）×15．18．（6分）解不等式 x +42≥－2x +13，并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来．19．（6分）“鸡兔同笼”是我国古代数学名著《孙子算经》中的第31题：“今有鸡兔同笼，上有三十五头，下有①② ABC D （第16题）（第15题）48cm36cm九十四足．问鸡兔各几何？”设鸡有 x 只，兔有y 只，请列出相应的二元一次方程组，并求出x 、y 的值．20．（7分）已知：如图，□ABCD 中，∠ABC 的平分线交AD 于E ，∠CDA 的平分线交BC 于F ．（1）求证：△ABE ≌△CDF ；（2）连接EF 、BD ，求证：EF 与BD 互相平分．21．（6分）如图，某校公布了该校反映各年级学生体育达标情况的两张统计图，该校七、八、九三个年级共有学生1600人．（1）该校八年级共有学生 ▲ 人；（2）你认为该校哪个年级体育达标率最高？为什么？22．（7分）张师傅根据某直三棱柱零件，按1：1的比例画出准确的三视图如下：已知△EFG 中，EF =4 cm ，∠EFG =45°，FG =10 cm ，AD =12 cm ．（1）求AB 的长；（2）直接写出这个直三棱柱的体积．A B C D EF （第20题）七年级37%八年级33% 九年级 30% 各年级人数分布情况统计图七年级八年级九年级达标人数年级各年级达标人数统计图（第21题）主视图左视图俯视图A BC DE F G （第22题）23．（8分）用抽签的方法从水平相当的3名同学甲、乙、丙中选1名去参加校文化艺术节，事先准备3张相同的小纸条，分别写上A 、B 、C ．把3张纸条折叠后放入一个不透明的盒子中搅匀，然后让3名同学依次去摸纸条，摸得写有A 的纸条的同学去参加校文化艺术节．小莉说：先抽的人中签的概率大，后抽的人中签的概率小．你同意她的说法吗？请说明理由．24．（8分）在弹性程度内，一根弹簧最大可伸长．．长度为58 cm ．如图是由三根相同的上述弹簧构成的拉力器，已知拉力y 与弹簧的总长度x 之间是一次函数的关系，函数y 与自变量x 的部分对应值如下表：（1）求y 与x 之间的函数关系式，并写出自变量x 的取值范围；（2）求拉力y 的最大值；（3）已知某儿童最大拉力为400N ，求该儿童能使单根弹簧．．．．伸长的最大长度． 25．（8分）在△ABC 中，∠C =90°，AC =6cm ，BC =8cm ，扇形ODF 与BC 边相切，切点是E ，若FO ⊥AB 于点O ．求扇形ODF 的半径．26．（8分）QQ 空间等级是用户资料和身份的象征，随着用户空间积分的增多，用户也将得到相应的空间等级．用户在10级以上，积分f 与对应等级n 的计算公式为：f ＝a (n -b )2（其中n为整数，且n ＞10，0＜b ＜10），等级、积分的部分对应值如下表：（第25题）AB OD EF （第24题）（1）根据上述信息，求a、b的值；（2）小莉的妈妈现有积分6500分，求她的等级．27．（10分）（1）6位新同学参加夏令营，大家彼此握手，互相介绍自己，这6位同学共握手多少次？小莉是这样思考的：每一位同学要与其他5位同学握手5次，6位同学握手5×6＝30次，但每两位同学握手2次，因此这6位同学共握手5×62＝15次．依此类推，12位同学彼此握手，共握手▲次．（2）我们经常会遇到与上面类似的问题，如：2条直线相交，最多只有1个交点；3条直线相交，最多有3个交点；……；求20条直线相交，最多有多少个交点？（3）在上述问题中，分别把人、线看成是研究对象，两人握手、两线相交是研究对象间的一种关系，要求的握手总次数、最多交点数就是求所有对象间的不同关系总数．它们都是满足一种相同的模型．请结合你学过的数学知识和生活经验，编制一个符合上述模型的问题．（4）请运用解决上述问题的思想方法，探究n边形共有多少条对角线？写出你的探究过程及结果．28．（8分）如图，菱形ABCD的边长为30 cm，∠A=120°．点P沿折线A-B-C-D运动，速度为1 cm/s；点Q沿折线A-D-C- B运动，速度为1.5 cm/s．当一点到达终点时，另一点也随即停止运动．.若点P、Q同时从点A 出发，运动时间为t s．（1）设△APQ面积为s cm2，求s与t的函数关系式，并写出自变量t的取值范围；（2）当△APQ为等腰三角形时，直接写出t的值．（第28题）鼓楼区2011-2012学年度第二学期调研测试卷九年级数学参考答案及评分标准说明：本评分标准每题给出了一种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与本解答不同，参照本评分标准的精神给分．一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分．）二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分．）7．－ 128．140 9．2y （x ＋2）（x －2） 10．4.72×101311．答案不唯一，如：6x 等 12．答案不唯一，如：任意摸出一球是白球等13．a m÷a n＝a m·1an ＝a m ·a －n ＝a m +（－n ）＝a m －n14．（0，3）、（4，3） 15．810 16．如图三、解答题（本大题共12小题，共88分．） 17．（本题6分）解：（ 512＋23）×15 ＝512×15＋23×15…………………………………………………………2分＝54×5＋29×5 ＝ 52＋6 5 ． ………………………………………………………………………6分 18．（本题6分）解：去分母，得 3（x +4）≥－2（2x +1）． ………………………………………2分去括号，得 3x +12≥－4x －2．移项、合并同类项，得 7x ≥－14．两边除以7，得 x ≥－2． …………………………………………………4分这个不等式的解集在数轴上表示如下：…………………………………………………6分 19．（本题6分）解：根据题意，得 ⎩⎨⎧x +y =35，2x +4y =94．………………………………………………………2分解这个方程组，得 ⎩⎨⎧x =23，y =12．……………………………………………………………6分20．（本题7分）（1）证明：∵ 四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，∴ AB ∥CD ，AB ＝CD ；AD ∥BC ，AD ＝BC ；∠A ＝∠C ，∠ABC ＝∠CDA ．……………………………………………2分 ∵BE 平分∠ABC ，DF 平分∠CDA ，∴∠ABE ＝ 1 2∠ABC ，∠CDF ＝ 12∠CDA ．∴∠ABE ＝∠CDF ．…………………………………………………………3分∴△ABE ≌△CDF ．…………………………………………………………4分EFGH（第16题）（2）证明：∵△ABE ≌△CDF ， ∴AE ＝CF 又AD ＝BC ． ∴DE ＝BF 且DE ∥BF ．∴四边形BFDE 是平行四边形．……………………………………………6分 ∴EF 与BD 互相平分． ……………………………………………………7分 21．（本题6分）解：（1）528；………………………………………………………………………………2分（2）七年级体育达标率为：520÷（1600×37%）×100%≈88% ；八年级体育达标率为：500÷（1600×33%）×100%≈95% ；九年级体育达标率为：470÷（1600×30%）×100%≈98% ．所以该校九年级体育达标率最高．………………………………………………6分 22．（本题7分）解：（1）过点E 作EH ⊥FG 于点H ．…………………………………………………1分在Rt △EHF 中，EF ＝4，∠EFG ＝45°． ∴EH ＝EF sin ∠EFG ＝4×sin45°＝2 2 ．由图形可知：AB ＝EH ＝2 2 cm ．…………………5分（2）120 2 cm 3．……………………………7分23．（本题8分）解：小莉的说法不正确．假设这3位同学抽签的顺序依次为：甲第一、乙第二、丙第三．用树状图列出所有可能出现的结果：从上图可以看出，甲、乙、丙依次抽签，一共有6种可能的结果，它们是等可能的．甲中签的结果有2种，P （甲中签）＝ 13；乙中签的结果有2种，P （乙中签）＝ 13；丙中签的结果有2种，P （丙中签）＝ 13．因此先抽的人与后抽的人中签的概率相同．………………………………………………8分 24．（本题8分）解：（1）设y ＝kx +b ．根据题意，得⎩⎨⎧28k +b =0，30k +b =120．………………………………………………………………2分解，得 ⎩⎨⎧k =60，b =－1680．所以y 与x 之间的函数关系式为：y ＝60x －1680．勤……………………………………3分E F G（第22题）H 开始第一次（甲抽）第二次（乙抽）第三次（丙抽）所有可能出现的结果 A A A BB BC C C A B C CB A A ，B ，C B ，A ，C A ，C ，B B ，C ，A C ，A ，B C ，B ，A自变量x 的取值范围为：28≤x ≤58． ……………………………………………………4分（2）当x ＝58时，y ＝60×58－1680＝1800，所以拉力最大值为1800 N ．………………6分（3）三根弹簧每伸长1 cm ，需用力60N ，一根弹簧每伸长1 cm ，需用力20N ，400÷20＝20．所以最大可使单根弹簧的长度伸长20 cm ．……………………………8分 25．（本题8分）解：连接OE ．设扇形ODF 的半径为r cm ．在Rt △ACB 中，AC ＝6，BC ＝8， ∴AB ＝62+82 ＝10．…………………………………1分 ∵扇形ODF 与BC 边相切，切点是E ， ∴OE ⊥BC ．∵∠AOF ＝∠ACB ＝90°，∠A ＝∠A ， ∴△AOF ∽△ACB ． ∴AO AC ＝ OF BC ．即 AO 6＝ r 8， AO ＝34r ．…………………………………………………5分 ∵OE ∥AC ，∴△BOE ∽△BAC ．∴ BO BA ＝ OE AC ．即10－34r10＝ r 6，解得r ＝12029．………………………………………8分 26．（本题8分）解：（1）把n ＝11，f ＝160；n ＝12，f ＝250代入f ＝a (n -b )2得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧160＝a (11-b )2，250＝a (12-b )2．相比得b 1＝7，b 2＝ 1039＞10（舍去）．所以b ＝7．………………………………3分把b ＝7代入得a ＝10．……………………………………………………………4分（2）法一：由（1）知f ＝10(n -7)2． …………………………………………………5分当n ＝32时，f ＝6250，当n ＝33时，f ＝6760． …………………………………7分由于6250＜6500＜6760，所以小莉妈妈的等级为32级． …………………………………………………8分法二：由（1）知f ＝10(n -7)2． ………………………………………………………5分当f ＝6500时，10(n -7)2＝6500，n -7＝±650 ，n ＝7±650 （负的舍去）∴n ＝7＋650 ………………………………………………………………………6分 ∵ 7＋625 ＜7＋650 ＜7＋676 ， ∴7＋25＜n ＜7＋26．即32＜n ＜33． ………………………………………………………………………7分∴小莉妈妈的等级为32级． ……………………………………………………8分 27．（本题10分）（1）66．…………………………………………………………………………………… 1分（2）每一条直线最多与其它19条直线相交，20条直线交点20×19＝380个，但每两条直线相交2次，因此这20条直线相交，最多有20×192＝190个交点．…………… 4分（3）答案不唯一，如：现有12个乒乓球队参加乒乓球循环赛（每个队都要与其他队比赛1场），共需比赛多少场？……………………………………………………………… 7分（4）n 边形每一个顶点与其它不相邻的（n －3）个顶点连成对角线，共有n (n －3)条对角线，但每两个不相邻的顶点相连2次，因此n 边形共有n (n －3)2条对角线．………10分（第25题）ABO DEF28．（本题8分）解：（1）菱形ABCD 的高为15 3 ，分五种情况： ① 如图，当0≤t ≤20时，s ＝ 1 2t · 3 3 4t ＝ 3 38t 2．…………………………………………………………1分② 如图，当20＜t ≤30时，s ＝ 1 2t ·15 3 ＝ 15 32t ． ……………………………………………………………2分③ 如图，当30＜t ≤40时， s ＝－3 8 3 t 2+ 75 34t ． ………………………………………………………………3分 ④ 如图，当40＜t ≤48时， s ＝－7543 t + 900 3 ． ………………………………………………………………4分 ⑤ 如图，当48＜t ≤60时， s ＝754 3 t － 900 3 ．………………………………………………………………5分（2）t ＝ 54－621 或36或60． ……………………………………………8分ABCDPQ图①A BDPQ图②ABC D PQ图③ABCD PQ 图④PQAB图⑤。

2012届江苏省南京市二模历史试题

南京市2012届高三年级第二次模拟考试历史试题2012．03本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共120分。

考试用时100分钟。

注意事项：答题前，考生务必将学校、姓名、班级、学号写在答题卡的密封线内。

选择题答案按要求填涂在答题卡上；非选择题的答案写在答题卡上对应题目的答案空格内，答案写在试卷上无效。

考试结束后，交回答题卡。

第I卷（选择题，共60分）一、选择题：本大题共20小题，每小题3分，共计60分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

1．司马光《资治通鉴》：“初，（晋）智宣子将以瑶为后（继承人），智果曰：‘不如宵也。

瑶之贤于人者五，其不迭者一也。

美髯长大则贤，射御足力则贤，……如是而甚不仁。

夫以其五贤陵人而以不仁行之，其谁能待之？若果立瑶也，智宗必灭。

’弗听。

”文中智果之言表明他A．反对立嫡以长B．主张立君以仁C．反对任人唯亲D．提倡实行分封2．唐代元稹《估客乐》：“求珠驾沧海，采玉上荆衡。

北买党项马，西擒吐蕃鹦。

……经游天下遍，却到长安城。

城中东西市，闻客次第迎。

”诗中反映出当时①商帮的活动范围很广②长安城是重要的商贸城市③市场设置不受地点限制④民族间经济交往频繁A．①②B．②④C．①③④D．②③④3．《全球通史》：“……除文化上的成就外，宋朝时期值得注意的是，发生了一场名副其实的商业革命，对整个欧亚大陆有重大意义。

”以下可以作为有力证据的是A B C D4．《元史·百官志》：“国初，有征伐之役，分任军民之事，皆称行省，未有定制。

中统、至元间，始分立行中书省，因事设官，官不必备，皆以省官出领其事。

”据材料可知，元行省A．最初是中央派出机构B．长官不再由朝廷任命C．削弱了中央集权D．辖区广阔且权力较大5．黄宗羲评价某先贤说：“先生之学，……出入于佛、老者久之。

及至居夷处困，动心忍性，因念圣人处此，更有何道？忽悟‘格物致知’之旨，圣人之道，吾性自足，不假外求。

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2012届九年级中考二模数学试题

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2012 届九年级中考二模数学试
题
鼓楼区2011－2012 学年度第二学期第二次调研测试卷
九年级数学
注意事项：
1．本试卷共6 页．全卷满分120 分．考试时间为120 分钟．考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效．
2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上．
3．答选择题必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．答非选择题必须用0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效．
4．作图必须用2B 铅笔作答，并请加黑加粗，描写清楚．
一、选择题（本大题共6 小题，每小题2 分，共12 分．在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上）
1．若，则a 的值为
A．2 B．－2 C．±2D．
2．化简的结果是
A．4 B．－4 C．±4 D．±8
3. 把2456000 保留3 个有效数字，得到的近似数是。

2012届南京市高三语文二模语文答案

南京市2012届高三第二次模拟考试语文参考答案及评分标准一、语言文字运用（15分）1．C（A项bân/bēn bì/pìcān shânɡ/chãnɡ; B项bāo/bōài/yì bào/pù bó; C项bì/bài ān/yīn páo/fú nào/chuò;D项chāi/châ jiǎo jī/yī liáo/liǎo）2．A（纵横捭阖：指在政治、外交上运用手段进行联合或分化。

异曲同工：不同的曲调演得同样好，比喻不同的人的辞章或言论同样精彩，或者不同的做法收到同样好的效果。

振振有词：形容理由似乎充分，说个不休。

八面玲珑：原指窗户宽敞明亮，后用来形容人处事圆滑，不得罪任何一方）3．（1）既促进发展，又转移污染。

（2分，每点1分）（2）严格准入，加强监管，升级本地产业。

（3分，每点1分）3细则．示例：（1）发展了重化工业，也污染了环境。

（1分）产业转移转移经济，也转移污染。

（1分）产业转移发展西部经济，也污染了环境。

（2分）既加快了西部产业发展又转移了污染。

（2分）说明：一点1分。

第一点“促进”答“有利于”“带来”“推动”等也可；“发展”答“经济”“东部”也可。

但只扣住“重化工企业”答算错。

第二点答成“造成”“加重”“带来”“突破环保底线”等也可。

（2）承接产业转移加快本地产业升级和创新。

（1分）管理污染企业，并加快本地产业升级和创新。

（2分）不走老路，控制污染企业，加快本地产业升级和创新。

（2分）说明：一点1分。

从反面作答，如“不转移污染”“不一味复制”不给分；第二点答成“管理污染企业”“控制重化工企业”等也可。

4. 参考示例：提升校园文化的品位，倡导诗意栖居的生活，不该从小学开始吗？（句式2分，其中对偶1分，反问1分；内容2分）4细则．示例：（1）营造诗词创作的氛围，培养审美想象的能力，难道不符合诗词的用意吗？（内容第二点不恰切，得3分）（2）实行诗词与考评挂钩，促进诗词教育的发展，岂不是营造了诗词创作的氛围？（内容得1分，反问得1分，共2分）“这种做法”既可以指“平时搞活动和诗词分不开”，也可以指“学校把诗词创作和班级考评挂钩，每周检查反馈”。

2012南京各区二模

鼓楼区The 2012 Olympics will open in London on July 27, 2012. London will become the w___67____ first city to host the Olympics three times, in 1908, in 1948 and in 2012.As is known to all, London is a garden city. When you step into the city, you will find yourself deeply a_____68______by the beautiful views around.Also, there are p 69 of nice stadiums and gymnasiums for Olympic Games, such as the swimming pools, football playground and basketball gyms. The building of the new stadiums has been completed. London is r 70 for the “greatest show on earth”.The All-England club, the site of Wimbledon, will host tennis. Wembley Stadium will be used for football w 71 Lord‟s cricket(板球)ground will host archery(剑术). London wants to show their historic sites and a few new-classics to the world this summer.Mascots(吉祥物) of the London Olympic Games are Wenlock and Mandeville. They have frightened some people and cheered others u 72 . Wenlock is the name of the English village considered by many to be the birthplace of the m 73 Olympics. The other mascot's name means the village of Stoke Mandeville, where the Paralympic(残奥会) movement began.The motto(口号)for the London Olympics has been d 74 as “Inspire a generation”.(激励一代人) The organizationwelcomes the athletes from all o 75 the world to the UK to perform at their very best and inspire the world. International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Jacques Rogge said he was c 76 London would meet the expectations of the world.玄武Using a tea bag is most Westerners’ favorite way of drinking tea. Do you know how it came about?The tea bag was invented in 1908 b 72 Thomas Sullivan, an American tea seller. He was sending out free tea in silk bags for people to try. People put the bags together with the tea leaves into the cup and added h 73 water. The tea t 74 good, and people thought it was easy to clean the cup. They were not happy when Sullivan started sending them the loose tea (散装茶) a 75 .Sullivan r 76 that he had a hot new thing in his hands, and he built a machine to pack the bags. As tea bags became popular, they were changed f 77 silk to gauze (薄纱) and later paper. In 1952, Lipton Tea made the tea bag e 78 more popular with its invention of the four-sided tea bag. Tea bags were soon a hit in the UK, and today about 85% of the tea in the UK is p 79 in paper bags.However, many people still p 80 loose-leaf tea. This is b 81 some tea companies put poor quality tea in their tea bags. But for most drinkers, tea bags are still the easy and tasty way to go.白下区One cold midnight after the birthday party of Tom‟s, my husband Jack and I were driving home w 72 suddenly our car stopped. “We‟ve covered half the way.” I said. “There must be something wrong with the car. I can‟t start it again,” said Jack.What a car! We got out to look around f 73 help, but could there be any person at s 74 an hour? It was dark and nothing could be done to make it go. We h 75 to walk home. We knew it would take us 2 hours to get home on foot, and we were so tired. But what else could take us home? It was so c 76 in the car. At once we began to walk home.We were at the door at about 2:30 when I r 77 that I had left the key in the car! How s 78 it is! “Break the window and climb in.” said Jack. H e picked up a stone, broke the window and was ready to climb when someone from behind caught Jack by the a 79 . It was a policeman!“What are you going to do, man?” he asked. “Come with me to the police s 80 , you two!” I told him the whole story.At last he understood what I had said and I was a 81 to get in. It was three o‟clock in the morning!江宁区In most situations, light helps us see. But nowadays humans are using so much that it is in fact a kind of pollution.When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it d 72 for us towatch some of life’s most wonderful views: stars, p 73 and even galaxies(星系). According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without u 74 any special equipment(设备). But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city. In most big c 75 , people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood.Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky. Research s 76 that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too.When birds fly to a 77 place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles(圈) u 78 they drop from tiredness. Sea turtles need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights.Too much light at night m 79 even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that. They are still learning more.In order to prevent things from going w 80 , governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night. Lights are used only when and where they are r 81 needed. Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too.栖霞区无答案Do you want to know what lives in the Earth’s waters? Some 300 scientists from fifty-three different countries are w 72 the same thing. For the first time in history, scientists are trying to count how m 73 species (物种) of fish, animals and plants live under water. Everyone knows that oceans cover seventy per cent of the Earth’s s 74 . The study began in 2000 and is expected to e 75 in 2013, at a cost of US$1 billion. So far, scientists have got the number of more than 15,000 species of fish and around 200,000 species of animals and plants in the oceans. They expect to find at l 76 another 5,000 species of fish in the near future. Scientists believe t 77 the animals and plants they’ve found so far represent just 10% of the world’s total underwater p 78 . That means that they may find almost 2 million species of animals and plants by 2013. “Our goal is to know as much about l 79 in the oceans by 2013 as we know about life on land now,” says a woman scientist who is working on t he project.The newly-discovered animals or plants are not a 80 new. Many of them have already been discovered before and just never been recorded. Scientists are w 81 that the variety (多样化) of species living in the ocean is becoming less because of humans. They hope their studies and reports will help people learn how human activity, such as fishing and agriculture, is affecting the oceans.南京市联合体Lots of people in the world like listening to folk songs. A folk song is a song that is “from the p 72 ”. Every c 73 has folk songs. Usually, they are quiet, simple songs. People often sing them with just a g 74 of a few other instruments. Some folk songs are so o 75 that no one knows who wrote them or when they were written. Other folk songs are by songwr iters who are interested in people’s l 76 and experiences. Woody Guthrie was one of those songwriters.Woody Guthrie was born in a very small town in Oklahoma in 1912. Guthrie first learned to play the guitar from his grandfather in 1917. He soon began to p 77 with other people in the area. Step by step, people liked his music.In 1929, the economy was bad. Many people were not working, and there were many poor people. Guthrie began to travel around the country looking for work. Guthrie became interested in singing about people and their p 78 during this period.In the winter of 1940, Guthrie decided to go to New York. On his way, he created “This Land is Your Land.” The song talks about places and things people love. The last line of the song sa ys, “This land was made for you and me.” These words tell people that e 79 is equal. Woody Guthrie died in 1967, but his music l 80 on. His music is an important part of American h 81 and culture. And to this day, people love to sing the folk songs written by him. 溧水Good morning, everyone. Here is CCTV News. Today is March 20th, Sunday.Japan is experiencing its worst crisis(危机) since World War II. A terrible earthquake attacked northeast Japan on March 11th. It was measured at magnitude 9.0. This is the s 72 earthquake in Japan’s recorded history.The earthquake was f 73 by a tsunami(海啸). Its wave was up to 10 meters high and s 74 away everything in its path, including houses, cars, buildings and trees.The number of death r 75 6,405 last Friday morning, with 10,259 missing. It’s p 76 that the number will go beyond 10,000 in one state alone. Survivors along northeastern coast were in great n 77 of drinking water, electricity and proper food.Compared with the earthquake, the nuclear leak(核泄漏) had caused more s 78 problems to the people in Japan. An explosion(爆炸) had hit a building at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Station and smoke r 79 from the building last Friday. People were told to stay indoors if they lived w 80 18 miles away from it. People were worried if the radioactive material would be blown over the area because of the wind d 81 . According to the WHO, the radiation risk had no sign of threatening(威胁) anywhere else in Asia at pres邗江区Do you want to live a h__66__, less stressful (有压力的) life? Try l__67__ for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world -- and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.The first Laughter Club was s__68__ in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr Kataria. "Everyone's naturally good at laughing -- it's the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives." There are now o__69__ 500 Laughter Clubs in India and more than 1,300 worldwide.Many doctors are also interested in the e__70__ of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study in the body, laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.So, w__71__ happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite n__72__ at the beginning of the class, to be honest -- I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking foolish. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say "ho ho ho, ha ha ha," while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter. S__73__ they still produce the same healthy effects.Surprisingly, it works! After ten minutes, e__74__ in the room was laughing for real -- and some people justcouldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed andcomfortable I felt. So if you're u__75__ stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!扬州Nowadays more and more people c_____66_____about the exploitation（开采）of the natural resources, such as oil. Though there’re many kinds of resources, with the fast increase of population and the a_____67_____of many more factories, the more we use, the fewer there will be left for the future. Oil is getting less and less year after year. It’s said that oil can last for only 50 years. N_____68_____ gas perhaps will last about 38 years.Oil can be used in many ways and it’s difficult to imagine what the m_____69_____ world will be like without oil. But oil isn’t easy to find and get out of the earth. When men think the rocks in a c_____70_____ place may have oil, a metal tower is built. A machine in the tower cuts a hole d_____71_____ into the ground. At the same time, a steel pipe is p_____72_____ down to stop the sides from falling in and to keep out water. At last if the men are right, usually the oil rushes up the sides with great f_____73_____ by the pressure of the gas in the top of the rock, and it rushes high into the air.If we make a well near the middle of the oil field, we can also get gas. Such gas is sent through pipes to towns far away and u_____74_____ in houses and factories like coal gas. Today oil is under pressure as never before. The price of oil keeps r_____75_____ all the time. In many countries, the governments encourage people to save oil as much as possible.2013武汉市元月Mr. Guppy was a very large man. He had a loud v (76) and a bad temper.Life was not easy for Mr. Guppy. He could s (77) find clothes big enough. His feet were too big for, most shoes. In buses, trains and planes, he could not stand up straight.In fact, wherever he went and whatever he did, Mr. Guppy had a lot of trouble because of his s (78). Life was easier at home.Then one day, a friend said, “You spend too much time at home. You should go out for a c (79). There’s a good movie at the theater.”“I can’t sit in theater seats.” Mr. Guppy c (80), “Chairs are always small.”“That’s no p( 81 ),” his friend said. “I’ll buy you two tickets. You can get them if you go.”The friend s (82) money to the theater for two tickets. When the day came, Mr. Guppy put on his b (83) c lothes and went to the theater. “You have two tickets for me,” he said to the woman at the gate. “My name is Guppy.”“Oh, yes, Mr. Guppy,” the woman said. “Here you are, seats G4 and P12. I’m sorry, you and your friend can’t sit t(84) because the theater is very f (85) this evening.”Poor Mr. Guppy! He smiled sadly, walked out of the theater and went home.2013武汉四月John lived with his mother and father in a small town in the mountains.One day there was an earthquake near the town. Many houses f (76) down and many roads were b (77) .Everyone thought that there would be a (78) earthquake. They were worried that the second earthquake would be w (79) than the first.“We must send Johnny to a s (80) place,” Jonny's mother said to husband. “Many of our friends are sending their children to r (81) in other towns.”“We’ll send him to my brother, Peter,” Johnny’s father’s said. “He lives a long way away.”He telephoned Johnny’s u (82) , Peter and asked him if he would let Jonny live wit h him. “He's a good hoy,” he said. “He won’t give you any trouble and you’ll have f (83) .” “You know, I' m not used to children. l live a very quiet and peaceful life.”“You won’t know johnny’s in the house.” his father told him. love show up beautiful prefer favorite stay upFinally Johnny’s father m (84) to persuade Peter to let Johnny to go to his house. Peter could say nothing but to a ( 85) Johnny.鼓楼区67.world‟s 68.attracted 69.plenty 70.ready 71.while 72.up 73.modern 74.decided 75. over 76.confident玄武72. by 73. hot 74. tasted 75. again 76. realized/realised 77. from 78. even 79. packed 80. prefer 81. because白下区72. when 73. for 74. such 75. had 76. cold 77. realized 78. sad 79. arm/arms 80. station 81. allowed江宁区72. difficult 73. planets 74. using 75. cities 76. shows 77. another 78. until 79. may 80. worse 81. really栖霞区无答案南京市联合体72. people 73. culture/country 74. guitar 75. old 76. lives 77. perform 78. problems 79. everyone 80. lives 81. history溧水72. strongest 73. followed 74. swept 75. reached 76. possible 77.need 78. serious 79. rose 80. within 81. direction(s)邗江区happier, laughing, started, over, effects, what, nervous, so, everyone/everybody, under扬州care 67.appearance 68.Natural 69.modern 70.certain 71.down 72.pushed 73.force ed 75.rising2013武汉市元月voice seldom size change complained problem sent best togetherfull2013武汉四月76. fell 77. broken 78. another 79. worse 80. safe 81. relatives 82. uncle 83. fun 84. managed 85. accept。

江苏省大丰市刘庄镇三圩初级中学八年级生物上册《第五单元第14章丰富多彩的生物世界》测试试题1

《第五单元第14章丰富多彩的生物世界》一、选择题（下列各题中，只有一项符合题意．每题1分，共20分）1．（1分）植物界中，种类最多、分布最广的类群是（）A藻类植物B苔藓和蕨类植物C裸子植物D被子植物2．（1分）（2010•福州）没有根、茎、叶等器官分化的是（）A藻类植物B苔藓植物C蕨类植物D种子植物3．（1分）（2006•南京）蕨类植物和苔藓植物只适于生活在阴暗潮湿的陆地环境中，其主要原因是（）A植物矮小，没有真正的根、茎、叶B体内无输导组织C生殖过程离不开水D不能开花、结果4．（1分）裸子植物和被子植物种子的主要区别是（）A有无果皮包被B胚的大小C胚乳来源不同D胚乳有无5．（1分）（2012•鼓楼区二模）图中所示植物的生殖过程不需要水的是（）A①②B③④C①③D③⑤6．（1分）下列不属于我国一级保护植物的是（）A桫椤B水杉C龙棕D珙桐7．（1分）下列动物中，有口无肛门的是（）A水螅B猪带绦虫C蛔虫DA、B都是8．（1分）蝗虫与蚯蚓的共同特征是（）A具有外骨骼B身体分节C具有贝壳D足分节9．（1分）无脊椎动物与脊椎动物的根本区别在于（）A无脊椎动物的种数约占动物种数的95%B无脊椎动物的种数约占动物种数的5%C无脊椎动物身体里面没有由脊椎骨组成的脊椎D无脊椎动物身体里面有由脊椎骨组成的脊柱10．（1分）鱼在水中游泳时，即使视线不好，也能顺利躲开礁石，这是因为（）A嗅觉在起作用B侧线在起作用C听觉在起作用D视觉在起作用11．（1分）鸟类外形上不同于其他动物的最显著的特征是（）A趾端具爪B被覆羽毛C翅膀一对D身体呈流线型12．（1分）按照进化等级由低到高的顺序排列，正确的顺序是（）A鸟类、鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、哺乳类B鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、鸟类、哺乳类C爬行类、鱼类、两栖类、鸟类、哺乳类D两栖类、爬行类、鱼类、鸟类、哺乳类13．（1分）下列动物中，未被列入我国珍贵保护动物的是（）A金鱼B大鲵C扬子鳄D丹顶鹤14．（1分）下列关于病毒的叙述，正确的是（）A病毒能独立生活B病毒的形态多种多样C病毒不属于生物D病毒对人类都有害15．（1分）下列关于细菌的叙述，正确的是（）A绝大多数细菌对人类是有害的，少数细菌对人类有益B细菌对人类是有害的C细菌对人类都是有益的D 大多数细菌对人类是有益的，少数细菌对人类有害16．（1分）（2012•南京）下列不具有成形细胞核的生物是（）A青霉菌B酵母菌C木耳D结核杆菌17．（1分）下列各组中，属于同一类群生物的是（）A细菌、蘑菇、灵芝B松树、蘑菇、灵芝C病毒、细菌、鱼D蘑菇、灵芝、银耳18．（1分）（2006•南京）在生物分类的等级单位中，最大和最小的分类单位分别为（）A门、界B界、科C纲、种D界、种19．（1分）（2013•南京二模）下列关于生物分类的叙述错误的是（）A桫椤是我国一级保护的蕨类植物B蝗虫属于节肢动物，身体分节C分类的等级由低到高依次是：界、门、纲、目、科、属、种D脊椎动物由低等到高等依次是鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、鸟类和哺乳类20．（1分）（2014•禹城市二模）表中为银杏、鲫鱼、酵母菌、醋酸菌四种生物的细胞结构，“√”代表有，A丁B甲C乙D丙二、判断题（判断下列各题，正确的写A，错误的写B．每题1分，共5分）21．（1分）银杏是裸子植物，它的果实俗称“白果”．_________ （判断对错）22．（1分）两栖动物是指可以在水中生活也可在陆地生活的动物．_________ （判断对错）23．（1分）病毒没有细胞结构，不能独立生活．_________ ．（判断对错）24．（1分）（2013•江宁区二模）无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的主要区别是身体背部是否有脊柱．____ ．（判断对错）25．（1分）（2013•白下区模拟）一级保护动物扬子鳄是由水生过渡到陆生的两栖类动物．_______．（判断对错）三、配伍题（．每题1分，共5分）26．（5分）请将下列左侧内容与右侧合理连线．四、简答题（每空1分，共20分）27．（10分）据下面是四种植物形态示意图回答：(1)结构最简单、最低等的植物是[ ] 类植物，它的低等在结构上主要表现为 .这类植物中的是单细胞植物.(2)从[ ] 类植物开始出现了茎和叶的分化；从[ ] 类植物开始出现了真正的根；从[ ] 类植物开始出现了种子．(3)从主要特征上看，C类植物和E类植物的主要区别是 .28．（5分）根据联合国环境规划署的统计，世界上共有1300万﹣1400万个物种，下列是两类植物和五种（1）桫椤、水杉、珙桐都是我国一级保护植物，其中属于上表中B类植物的是_________ ，它与银杏的区别在于种子外_________ 包被，形成果实；（2）根据体内是否有_________ 可将图中五种动物分成两大类；（3）图中所示的动物中，胚胎发育在母体的子宫内进行的是_________ （填字母），它是我国一级保护动物，与之相同的动物还有很多，例如_________ ．29．（5分）现代地球上生活的各种生物都是由古代的生物进化来的．科学家根据亲缘关系的远近，用生物“进化树”（如图所示）形象而简明地表示生物进化的主要历程．请据图回答：（1）进化树中标号③、④所代表的植物及桫椤的共同特征是生殖过程离不开_________ ．（2）标号②代表的动物，大多数成体用_________ 呼吸，皮肤有辅助呼吸功能．（3）进化树上标出的属于我国一级保护的哺乳动物是_________ ．（4）观察进化树，亲缘关系最近的两种生物是_________ ．。

2012南京各区中考二模完

鼓楼Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she talked about how she became a percussion soloist 打击乐器独奏演员 in spite of deafness. “Early on I decided not to allow the 16 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 17 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion 酷爱 for music grew. But I also began to lose my 18 . Doctors told me that the nerve damage(神经损伤) was the 19 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never left me.”“My 20 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I learned to …hear‟music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 21 the pitch of a note 音调高低 by the vibrations 振动 I feel through my body and through my imagination. My sound world exists by making use of almost every 22 that I have.”“I decided to be a musician even though I was deaf, and applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 23 this before and some teachers disagreed with me. Because of my performance, I finally entered the academy and went on to 24 with the academy‟s highest honors a few years late r.”“I‟ve been a soloist for more than ten years. 25 the doctor thought I was totally deaf, it didn‟t mean that my passion couldn‟t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be limited by others. Follow your passion; followyo ur heart. They will lead you to the place you want to go.”16. A. conditions B. opinions C. advantages D. recommendations17. A. enjoying B. choosing C. taking D. giving18. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. taste19. A. evidence B. result C. excuse D. cause20. A. job B. opinion C. promise D. goal21. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell22. A. feeling B. effort C. sense D. idea23. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. refused24. A. study B. offer C. graduate D. educate25. A. As B. Although C. Because D. Since玄武区April 22 is World Earth Day. It is a day to remind us to 16 our planet. The earth faces a lot of 17 . What are they? What can we do to help her?We call t he Earth our “mother”. If the earth is really a mother, she must be very 18 . She has 19 problems to deal with.Global warming (全球变暖) is a very big problem in the world. It 20 the earth hot and changes the climate. It also makes the sea level 21 . If the sea level goes on rising, some places such as the Maldives (马尔代夫), St Petersburg in Russia and Bangkok in Thailand, may 22 under water in just a few dozen years.Another serious problem is 23 pollution. We can only use 3 percent of the earth’s water. 24 people throw trash (垃圾) and pour dirty water into rivers and the sea. Almost 884 million people don’t have clean water to drink. 25 , humans are using up natural resources (资源). According to a report from BP (英国石油公司), there will be no coal to use onthe earth by 2158 and oil will dry up by 2050.16. A. care about B. talk about C. think of D. look for17. A. questions B. problems C. difficulties D. experience18. A. well B. healthy C. strong D. sick19. A. few B. a few C. a lot of D. much20. A. protects B. prevents C. makes D. takes21. A. raise B. raising C. rise D. rising22. A. appear B. rise C. dive D. hide23. A. water B. air C. noise D. rubbish24. A. And B. So C. Or D. Though25. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except D. Withou白下区Two teachers were sitting in the teachers' room. For a moment there was silence. Then one of them, Miss Smith, said, "I'm afraid I'd have to fail him! I just can‟t let him 16 . " "Now Alice," said her friend, Mrs Jackson, "is he so terrible a student?""That's just the trouble!" the other woman answered, "Tom was ever my 17 student. The problem is that he is so lazy that he never gets his work done. He hasn't handed me a piece of homework for three 18 !"Mrs Jackson had never seen Miss Smith so 19 before. "Have you had a word with him about it?" she asked. "Why should I? Every student must hand in homework. I made 20 very clear on the first day for class. I don't know what has happened. When the lessons started, he did so well that I 21 thought about asking the school to give him a scholarship(奖学金). But now he often sleeps in class! I've never seen such a 22 in a student.""You should have a talk with him. Give him a chance. "Miss Smith spoke to Tom and learned all about it. He was studying all day and working most of the night in a factory to 23 for his schooling. Of course he was 24 in class and sometimes could hardly 25 awake.Miss Smith soon asked the school to give him a scholarship and he was able to devote himself to his lessons again.16. A. leave B. pass C. work D. sleep17. A. laziest B. busiest C. worst D. best18. A. minutes B. hours C. weeks D. years19. A. worried B. pleased C. useless D. kind20. A. them B. him C. that D. one21. A. even B. only C. mostly D. still22. A. trouble B. hope C. change D. danger23. A. pay B. call C. save D. share24. A. forgetful B. careless C. asleep D. tired25. A. seem B. keep C. look D. get江宁区Long ago some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle(海龟). They began to beat(打) the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, “Stop!”The children ran 16 quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said, “Thanks for your 17 . I truly would like to invite you to a wonderful palace now.”The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he 18 the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle “What a nice palace!”In order to thank him, the king(国王) of the turtles gave him a very big dinner. He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very 19 everything.After dinner, the king of the turtles said, “I am going to give you two boxes, 20 you can open only one.”“You mustn’t open both of them. Don’t forget it ”The turtle 21 him. “All right, I will open only one,”the young man promised. At this time, a large wave(浪) sent him out of the sea.22 he went home, he opened the bigger one of the two boxes. To 23 surprise, the box was full of gold. “My God!” he cried. “I’m 24 now.” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer. He 25 his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face looked like an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.16. A. across B. away C. into D. out17. A. gift B. gold C. treatment D. kindness18. A. left B. reached C. built D. designed19. A. pleased with B. careful with C. angry with D. sorry for20. A. so B. or C. but D. as21. A. helped B. followed C. reminded D. refused22. A. After B. Before C. While D. Since23. A. her B. him C. their D. his24. A. poor B. rich C. sad D. young25. A. remembered B. accepted C. broke D. recorded栖霞区无答案If you meet Walker Ciorobea, a 2-year-old boy from Coral Gables, Florida, the first thing he will ask you is what kind of car you drive. Walker was interested in 16 for more than a year, ever since the day his father, a car fan, 17 home a model car for him. “He started to learn cars from his father, and within a week or two, he could 18 every car on the road,” Walker‟s mother Lynley Ciorobea said.Walker‟s father often shows the little boy 19 about cars. Lynley said, “Walker and his father would try to look for cars in those magazines that we and our friends drove. So they‟d 20 a Saturn and my husband would say …This is what mum 21 !‟ and then they‟d look for Saab and say …This is what daddy wants to buy!‟ Before we knew it, 22 pointed all our kinds of cars out on the road.”“So now he knows 23 car you can imagine,” said Lynley, “including some most e xpensive cars that you never see on the road,” such as Aston Martins and Lamborghinis. “We‟re so 24 to see such a little guy who can tell different cars he sees!”Walker can now identify (辨别) every car he sees on the roads—though he cannot always 25 the names correctly. “He’s not good with ‘r’s, so for example when he seesa Porsche, he calls it a ‘Posh.’And when he sees a F ord, he‟ll call it …Fod,‟”said Lynley.16. A. boxes B. toys C. cars D. dolls17. A. brought B. took C. caught D. arrived18. A. name B. drive C. clean D. see19. A. newspaper B. magazines C. books D. advertisements20. A. take B. show C. find D. buy21. A. rides B. drives C. catches D. buys22. A. she B. he C. we D. they23. A. either B. neither C. every D. whole24. A. amazed B. lucky C. afraid D. angry25. A. spell B. say C. write D. explain南京市联合体Feeling lonely can make you sick. Doctors have long known that loneliness can cause many health problems and even death. What they didn‟t know is 16 this feeling causes illness. A study in the online magazine Genome Biology 17 that loneliness actually influences the important part of our bodies—our genes.In a small population of patients, researchers 18 more than 20,000 genes to compare how the genes of lonely and non-lonely individuals (个体) express themselves in molecular processes (分子过程) and in personal health. They found that gene expression is 19 in chronically (长期地) lonely people. “We now have a new way for understanding the relationship 20 social experience and physical health,”explains the study’s lead author, Steve Cole of University of California, Los Angeles.“This study—the first to link (联系) 21 with gene changes—is special and exciting,”says Emma Adam, a professor of human development at Northwestern University. “It 22 in the black box.”According to John Cacioppo, an author of the study from the University of Chicago, thework suggests that loneliness is a warning 23 , much like physical pain. “This feeling is so bad because 24 of us wants to be forgotten; that‟s also what human means,” he says. “It makes us 25 for other people and want to be with friends when we’re lonely.”16. A. when B. where C. how D. if17. A. explains B. talks C. replies D. answers18. A. collected B. grew C. found D. surveyed19. A. important B. different C. interesting D. difficult20. A. in B. between C. about D. both21. A. work B. health C. life D. feelings22. A. fills B. makes C. builds D. repairs23. A. note B. sign C. sound D. picture24. A. each B. nothing C. any D. none25. A. look B. live C. care D. think溧水Three small fish lived in the sea. When they were very young, their parents died. They had to 16 each other day after day. Finally, they grew up and 17 to swim deeper and further.One morning, the three fish were 18 to a shallow (浅) water by a big wave(浪). A small boat was taken there, too. It was hard for the fish to go back to the sea because the boat was right in front of them. The largest fish realized that they were 19 , and said they had to find a way to leave there as fast as possible. The second largest fish 20 with his elder brother, butthe youngest one did not. He said that there was much 21 for their activities, so he would not worry at all and still swam around 22 .At last, the largest fish returned to the 23 by jumping over the lowest part of the boat. The second largest fish also succeeded in 24 his elder brother in the other side of water. But the youngest one didn't follow them and still swam joyfully.Two hours later, when the 25 rose up, the water in the small shallow corner dried up. The fish who did not try to return to the sea died of lack(缺乏) of water.16. A .listen to B. look after C. talk with D. worry about17. A .dared B. hated C. refused D. stopped18. A .allowed B. given C. invited D. taken19. A .in safety B. in doubt C. in danger D. in peace20. A .agreed B. talked C. compared D. discussed21. A. time B. food C. water D. air22. A. slowly B. sadly C. luckily D. happily23. A. sea B. river C. lake D. pond24. A. catching B. joining C. taking D. telling25. A. storm B. stars C. moon D. sun邗江区I can honestly say that it was the best of times and also the worst of times in my life. I was16 expecting my first child but my once energetic mother was losing her fight with a brain disease(脑部疾病).For ten years, my mother had fought against the disease, but 17 of the treatment had been successful. Unluckily, she became totally 18 , unable to speak, walk, eat or dress 19 her own. As she grew closer and closer to 20 , my baby grew closer and closer to life inside me. I was sad not only for the coming 21 of my mother, but also that she and my baby would never know each other.A few weeks before my due date, Mother 22 a deep coma(昏迷). Her doctors did not hold any hope and said that it was 23 to put in a feeding tube(管) --she would never wake up. We brought Mother home, and tried our best to keep her comfortable. I sat beside her and talked to her about the baby moving 24 me. I hoped that she might know.On February 3, 2008, just as I gave birth to my baby, Jacob, something impossible happenedMother was sitting up, her oxygen tubes removed. When I brought Jacob home, Mom was sitting in her chair, 25 to welcome him. Tears of joy filled my eyes as I 26 my son in her arms. They just looked at each other.For two weeks, Mother smiled and held Jacob. She spoke to my father, her children and grandchildren in complete 27 . She gave us 28 . Then she quietly went back into a coma and, after 29 from all of her children. She was finally free of the pain(痛苦) and 30 away. Believe it or not, love can last forever.16. A. gladly B. sadly C. mainly D. angrily17. A. all B. some C. none D. any18. A. helpful B. disabled C. unhappy D. healthy19. A. with B. by C. in D. on20. A. death B. life C .smile D. fear21. A. recovery(康复) B. loss C. arrival D. miss22. A. fell over B. kept up C. fell into D. took part23. A. impossible B. careless C. hopeful D. useless 24. A. beyond B. inside C. with D. towards25. A. willing B. ready C. free D.surprised26. A. lay B. laid C. lied D. layed27. A. regards B. sentences C. silence D. words28. A. joy B. sadness C. trouble D. anger29. A. wishes B. hopes C. visits D. sights30. A. drove B. ran C. moved D. passed扬州Have you ever had a dream to make your home a happier place? Maybe there are some 16 you can follow.Sometimes you don‟t think your parents are fair to you. When you want to dress 17 a modern way, your mum doesn‟t 18 you wearing a mini-skirt. When you are making phone calls to friends, they ask 19 you are speaking to a boy or a girl. Sometimes it seems that you‟re not as close to your parents as you used to be. How can you 20 close again?Closing the gapClosing the gapClosing the gapClosing the gap by American writer Jay McGraw gives advice on how to have a better relationship with your 21 . He gives ways to help you 22 your parents. When you think, “my parents don‟t want me to have any fun,” that usually means your parents want you to be 23 . Both parents and children have 24 . They need to feel they are important and loved. You should 25 your parents your needs, and find out what their needs are. Then, you can think of a way to make all of you 26 . He gives you some ideas:Make time to 27 . You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future.28 a diary. This is to help you understand more about yourself and your feelings. Show your parents you are growing up. Wash your 29 and help clean the house. Your parents will feel that you are no longer a little child. If you follow these you will be able to break down the walls between your parents and 30 .16. A. way B. advices C. suggestion D. points17. A. with B. in C. of D. by 18. A. hate B. mind C. like D. enjoy19. A. if B. what C. why D. how20. A. go B. look C. become D. come21. A. friends B. teachers C. children D. parents22. A. listen to B. understand C. listen D. obey23. A. safe B. dangerous C. angry D. sad24. A. need B. needs C. needed D. loved25. A. speak B. say C. tell D. told26. A. nervous B. joyless C. excited D. happy27. A. talk B. tell C. smile D. learn28. A. Write B. Have C. Keep D. Read29. A. hands B. face C. socks D. clothes30. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. myself鼓楼16 20 BCBDD 21 25 ACACB玄武区16~20 ABDCC 21~25 CDAAB白下区1—5 BDCAC 6—10 ACADB江宁区16—20 BDBAC 21—25 CADBC栖霞区无答案南京市联合体16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 溧水16—20 BADCA 21—25 CDABD邗江区ACBDA 21-25 BCDBB 26-30 BBACD扬州DBCAC 21～25 DBABC 26～30 DACDB。

2012年南京鼓楼中考英语二模试题及答案

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2012年中考二模英语试卷注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共12页，满分为96分，考试时间120分钟。

2．第Ⅰ卷的答案涂在答题卡上。

用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，不能答在试卷上。

3．第Ⅱ卷的答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上无效。

第I卷选择题（共45分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. _____ORBIS doctor who got here yesterday needed _______ X-ray machine to examine his patients.A. The; aB. The; anC. An; aD. An; an2. —Oxfam trailwalkers in Hong Kong have to climb________ twenty hills andmountains.—It’s really a tough hike.A. throughB. aroundC. overD. along3.—Can you kick the ball to ________ end of the football field?—It’s hard for me. I think few goalkeepers can make it.A. anotherB. the otherC. otherD. others4. —Do you know who the first spacewoman in the world is?—I’ve no idea. But it’s reported that the first Chinese spacewoman will be selected _____ a task in the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft this summer.A. performB. performingC. to performD. to performing5. —Stephen, did you visit Nanjing Confucius Temple the day before yesterday?—No, I didn’t go there as you told me. ______, I went to Jiming Temple with my parents.A. InsteadB. AlsoC. OtherwiseD. However6. This opener______ open wine bottles, but I seldom use it because I______ wine.A. used to; am not used to drinkingB. is used to; am not used to drinkC. is used to; am not used to drinkingD. used to; am not used to drink7. —Excuse me, will the plane for Beijing __________within an hour?—I’m not sure. You can go to the Information Desk for help.A. get offB. take offC. turn offD. show off8. —_________ did you leave the classroom?—___________ I saw my daughter sit down and read her book.A. How long; AfterB. When; UntilC. How long; UntilD. When; After9. —Miss Green, could you tell me how to improve my pronunciation?—Sure. The most important thing is that you should _________.A. do more exerciseB. use the dictionary correctlyC. listen and speak moreD. work out some outlines first10. —It’s ______ of you to bring me some fruit.—My pleasure. Please make yourself at home, sir.A. generousB. cleverC. thoughtfulD. polite11. —Do you want to see the painting exhibition at the weekend?—I won’t see it unless I __________.A. will be invitedB. am invitedC. inviteD. will invite12. —Linda, together with her parents, ______up the mess in the park at themoment.—It’s meaningful to be a volunteer. Let’s join them.A. is cleaningB. are cleaningC. has cleanedD. have cleaned13. —Did you return from Shanghai on time?—No. The train________ I took was late because of the bad weather.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. where14. —You never stay up till midnight, do you?—___________. But I think it’s bad for our health.A. No, neverB. No, sometimesC. Yes, neverD. Yes, sometimes15. —Jean, I didn’t do very well in this test.—____. I’m sure you will make great progress if you improve the way you study.A. Not at allB. Don’t lose heartC. I hope soD. Never mind二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

江苏省南京2012届高三数学第二次教学质量检测(南京二模)

用心爱心专心 -3-
„„„„„„ 14 分 „„„„„„ 7 分
„„„„„„ 11
„„„„„„ 14 分
（1）求证：平面 AEC⊥平面 ABE；（2）点 F 在 BE 上．若 DE//平面 ACF，求的值解：（1）证明：因为 ABCD 为矩形，所以 AB⊥BC．因为平面 ABCD⊥平面 BCE，平面 ABCD∩平面 BCE＝BC，AB平面 ABCD，所以 AB⊥平面 BCE． „„„„„„ 3 分
6、已知双曲线
a 2, b 1.c 5 ，所以结果为 2 7、已知圆 C 的经过直线 2 x y 2 0 与坐标轴的两个交点，又经过抛物线 y 2 8x 的焦点，则圆 C 的方程为。 2 解析：先求直线得 2 x y 2 0 与坐标轴的交点为 A(1,0), B(0,2) ，抛物线 y 8x 的焦 2 2 点为 D(2,0) ，可把圆 C 的方程设为一般形式，把点坐标代入求得 x ＋y －x－y－2＝0
2 2 2
cos2θ ＝cos θ －sin θ ＝
π 1 3 所以 sin(2θ ＋ )＝ sin2θ ＋ cos2θ 3 2 2 1 4 3 3 4－3 3 ＝ × ＋ ×(－ )＝． 2 5 2 5 10 解法二因为 a∥b，所以 tanθ ＝2． 2 5 5 所以 sinθ ＝，cosθ ＝． 5 5 4 3 2 2 因此 sin2θ ＝2 sinθ cosθ ＝， cos2θ ＝cos θ －sin θ ＝－． 5 5 分 π 1 3 所以 sin(2θ ＋ )＝ sin2θ ＋ cos2θ 3 2 2 1 4 3 3 4－3 3 ＝ × ＋ ×(－ )＝． 2 5 2 5 10 16．（本小题满分 14 分）如图，四边形 ABCD 是矩形，平面 ABCD⊥平面 BCE，BE⊥EC．

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2012年中考化学二模试题苏教版

某某省某某市鼓楼区2012年中考化学二模试题苏教版注意事项：1.本次考试化学试卷共8页，分选择题（共25分）和非选择题（共55分）两部分。

全卷满分80分。

考试时间100分钟。

考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1；C-12；O-16；Cl-；Zn-65；Fe-56；Na-23；Ca-40一、选择题（本题共15小题，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

每小题1分，共15分）1．下列生活物品，用有机合成材料制作的是A.铝合金门窗B. 塑料洗衣盆C. 玻璃钢桌椅D.某某陶瓷2是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物。

漂浮在空中，进入人体肺泡，对健康影响很大。

大雾天气可导致呼吸道病人增多。

因为雾霾可使空气中增加大量的A ．可吸入颗粒物B ．二氧化碳C ．二氧化硫D ．氮氧化合物3. 据报道：“染色”馒头中添加柠檬黄铬酸铅（PbCrO 4）会使人体致癌，已被明文禁用。

已知铬元素（Cr ）化合价为+6，则铅元素(Pb)的化合价为A ．+1B ．+2C ．+3D ． +44.下列属于物质物理性质的是A ．氦气有稳定性B ．酒精有可燃性C ．浓盐酸挥发性D ．浓硫酸有腐蚀性5. 把少量物质分别加入到另一种物质中，充分搅拌后，可以得到溶液的是A ．碘加入水中B ．面粉加入水中C ．食盐加入水中D ．花生油加入水中6．下列实验操作正确的是A ．滴加少量液体B ．过滤C ．闻气味D ．稀释浓硫酸7．钾是维持人体生命和植物生长所必须的元素。

右图是从元素周期表中得出的部分信息。

下列关于钾元素的有关叙述错误的是A ．钾元素的原子序数为19B ．钾元素在人体及植物体内以单质形式存在C ．钾元素的相对原子质量为39.10D ．施用草木灰，可给农作物补充钾元素8．合理施用化肥是农作物增产的有效措施之一。

下列化肥中，属于复某某料的是A ．CO(NH 2)2B ．NH 4NO 3C ． K 2SO 4D ．KNO 39.下列实验中，现象描述不正确的是A.红磷燃烧，产生大量白烟B.水通电分解时负极产生的气体体积较大19 K 钾C.CO 还原氧化铜时，黑色粉末变红D. 点燃棉花和羊毛，都产生烧焦羽毛的气味10.下列现象的微观解释中，不正确．．．的是 A. 氢气和液氢都可做燃料 —— 相同物质的分子，其化学性质相同B.“墙内开花墙外香” —— 分子在不断的运动C. 水烧开后易把壶盖冲起 —— 温度升高，分子变大D. 用水银温度计测量体温 —— 温度升高，原子间隔变大11.各组微粒结构示意图，与表示的意义一致的是12.下列关于“燃烧和灭火”的叙述正确的是A.档案室着火用泡沫灭火器灭火B.炒菜时油锅着火，立即盖上锅盖C.只有含碳元素的物质才能燃烧D.只要温度达到可燃物的着火点，可燃物就能燃烧13．用pH 试纸测定某无色溶液的pH 时，规X 的操作是A ．将pH 试纸放入溶液中观察其颜色变化，跟标准比色卡比较B ．将溶液倒在pH 试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较C ．用干燥的洁净玻璃棒蘸取溶液，滴在pH 试纸上，跟标准比色卡比较D ．在试管内放少量溶液，煮沸，把pH 试纸放在管口，观察颜色，跟标准比色卡比较14．下列各组物质，能在pH=2的溶液中大量共存，且形成无色溶液的是A ．NaCl BaCl 2 Na 2SO 4B ．Na 2CO 3 NaCl Na 2SO 4C ．CuSO 4 NaCl NaNO 3D ．Na 2SO 4 HCl KCl15．右图是不含结晶水的甲、乙两种固体物质的溶解度曲线，下列叙述错误的是A ．甲的溶解度大于乙的溶解度B ．t 1℃时，配制等质量的甲乙两种物质的饱和溶液，需要相同体积的水C ．t 2℃时，将甲、乙的饱和溶液降温至t 1℃，肯定都有晶体析出D ．要从含有少量乙的甲溶液中得到较多的甲晶体，通常可采用降温结晶的方法二、选择题（本题包括5小题，每小题有一个或两个．．．．．．选项符合题意。

2012年南京中考语文鼓楼区二模卷

2012年初三语文测试卷（二）2012.6.（满分120分，含书写3分；时间120分钟）友情提醒：此卷为试题卷，答案写在此卷上无效。

请将答案写在答题卷上。

一、积累与运用（25分）1．用课文原句填空。

（10分）（1），可以为师矣。

（《论语》十则）（2）海日生残夜，。

（王湾《次北固山下》）（3），柳暗花明又一村。

（陆游《游山西村》）（4）浊酒一杯家万里，。

（范仲淹《渔家傲·秋思》）（5），欲语泪先流。

（李清照《武陵春》）（6）受任于败军之际，。

（诸葛亮《出师表》）（7）月亮是古代诗人最钟爱的景物，月的阴晴圆缺，无不各具风韵。

最清冷的月在李商隐的“晓镜但愁云鬓改，夜吟应觉月光寒”中。

最美好的月在苏轼的“但愿人长久，”中。

最善解人意的月在李白的“，随风直到夜郎西”中。

最辛勤劳碌的月在陶潜的“晨兴理荒秽，”中。

最富大胆想象的月是，。

2．选出加点字读音完全相同的一项（）（2分）A.心扉．绯．红悱．恻匪．夷所思B.馈．赠崩溃．匮．乏振聋发聩．C.妖娆．侥．幸破晓．百折不挠．D.诘．责清洁．狡黠．生活拮．据3．下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）（2分）A. 凛冽——清洌战栗——米粟侧耳倾听——测隐之心B. 迁徒——陡峭炙烤——针灸源远流长——世外桃园C. 绽放——沉淀赤搏——脉膊妇儒皆知——孺子可教D. 选拔——拨弄伫立——贮蓄销声匿迹——意志消沉4．下列句中加点的成语使用不正确．．．的一项是（）（2分）A.南京市江心洲大量蛤蟆集体出动，场面叹为观止．．．．，引起市民恐慌。

B.今年五一假期，全国各省市都将旅游项目与健康养生结合，二者相得益彰．．．．。

C.张纪中的新版《西游记》在各大卫视播出后，观众抱怨其粗制滥造．．．．。

D.“象形雨花石展”在雨花台风景区的雨花石博物馆举行，888枚“象形雨花石”让人大开眼界．．．．。

综合性学习中考过后，学校将为初三毕业班的同学举行毕业典礼，请你参与典礼的准备工作。

（9分）【典礼邀请函】5．毕业典礼将邀请家长参加，学生会给家长发了一则邀请函（2分）①热情七月，花香满园。

2012年南京鼓楼区数学中考二模

（1）求证：△ACD≌△AED；
（2）点F在AD上，连接CF，EF．
现有三个论断：①EF∥BC；②EF=FC；③CE⊥AD．
请从上述三个论断中选择一个论断作为条件，
证明四边形CDEF是菱形．
21、（7分）甲、乙两在在相同的情况下千打靶6次，每次打靶的成绩如下：（单位：环）
甲：10，9，8，8，10，9
＝－16＋1＋………………………………………………………………5分
＝－…………………………………………… ……………………6分
18．（6分）
解：6(－)
=6(－)……………………………………………………………2分
=6(－)……………………………………………………………3分
=4－15．……………………………………………………………6分
B．说明事件A发生的频率是
C．说明做100次这种试验中，前99次事件A没发生，后1次事件A才发生
D．说明做100次这种试验，事件A可能发生1次
已知y关于x的函数图象如图所示，则当y＜0时，
自变量x的取值范围是
A．x＜0B．－1＜x ＜1或x＞2
C．x＞－1D．x＜－1或1＜x＜2
6．某班每位学生上、下学期各选择一个社团，下表分别为该班学生上、下学期各社团
其中正确的说法为．（只需写出序号）
14．如图,平面上有两个全等的正十边形，其中A点与A′点重合，C点与C′点重合．∠BAJ′为°．
15．某班把十名“迎青奥”获奖手抄报粘合在一起，在教室里展出．如图，已知每张报
纸长为38cm，宽为28cm，粘合部分的纸宽为2cm，则这10张报纸粘合后的长度
为cm．
16．如图，将2个的正方形并排组成矩形OABC,OA和OC分别落在x轴和y轴的正半轴上.正方形EFMN的边EF落在线段CB上，过点M、N的二次函数的图象也过矩形的顶点B、C,若三个正方形边长均为1，则此二次函数的的关系式为．

2012年鼓楼区初三数学中考第二次模拟试卷(含参考答案)

2012 年广东中考数学展望试题四(时间： 100 分钟，满分 150 分)一、选择题（每题 4 分，共 20 分）1．若 a ＝ 3 ，则 a ＋ b 的值是 ( )b 5 b8 3 35Ｎ A 、 5B 、 5C 、2D 、 8Ｐ2．计算 tan 602sin 452cos30 的结果是（）ＭA ． 2B ． 3C ． 2D ． 1Ｑ3．如图，是一个正在绘制的扇形统计图，整个圆表示某班参加体育活动的总人数，那么表示参加立定跳远训练的人数占总人数的3 题图35%的扇形是（）Ａ．MＢ．NＣ．Q Ｄ． P4．以下图中是太阳光下形成的影子是( )(A) (B) (C)(D)5．哥哥身高 1.68 米，在地面上的影子长是2.1 米，同一时间弟弟的影子长1.8 米，则弟弟身高是（）Ａ． 1.44 米Ｂ． 1.52 米Ｃ． 1.96 米Ｄ． 2.25 米6．一个三角形的两边长为3 和 6，第三边的长是方程(x 2)( x 4) 0 的根，则这个三角形的周长是（）Ａ．11Ｂ．13 Ｃ．11或 13 Ｄ．11和 137. 如图，天平右盘中的每个砝码的质量为10g ，则物体 M 的质量 m(g) 的取值范围在数轴上可表示为（）2030 20 302030 20 30A20 30CDBA8. 如图， PA 为⊙ O 的切线， A 为切点， PO 交⊙ O 于点 B ，PA ＝ 8， OA ＝ 6，sin ∠ APO 的值为（）A .3 34 4B .C .5D.4539．计算： (2 332)(23 3 2 )．10．用科学记数法表示： 1 纳米 =10-9米，则 0.0305 纳米 =米。

11．方程3x(2x1)2(2 x1)的根为．12．⊙ O 的半径为 5cm，点 P 是⊙ O 外一点， OP=8cm，以 P 为圆心作一个圆与⊙O 相切，则这个圆的半径是．AC13．如图，一条公路的转弯处是一段圆弧（图中的AB 弧），点 O 是这段弧的圆心，AB=120m ，C 是 AB 弧是一点， OC⊥ AB 于 D，CD=20m ，则该弯路的半径为．三、解答题（每题 7 分，共 35 分）14．计算：DOB15、化简：(xy x2)÷x22xy y2÷x2xy x y16、已知某开发区有一块四边形的空地ABCD ，如下图，现计划在空地上栽种草皮，经丈量∠ A ＝90°， AB ＝3m， BC＝12m，CD＝13m，DA＝ 4m，若每平方米草皮需要 200 元，问需要多少投入？CDA B17、列方程解应用题：A、 B 两地的距离是 80 公里，一辆公共汽车从 A 地驶出 3 小时后，一辆小汽车也从 A 地出发，它的速度是公共汽车的 3 倍，已知小汽车比公共汽车迟 20 分钟抵达 B 地，求两车的速度。

鼓楼区第二次模拟考试参考答案

鼓楼区第二次模拟考试参考答案（化学）一、二选择题：共25分1-15每题1分。

16-20每题2分，有一个或两个符合要求的答案，错选，多选不给分。

有两个答案的，只选一个且正确的，给1分。

题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A D C A A C C D C A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案DBACCBABCCBD三、填空题（本题包括5小题，共22分）21．（共5分）（１）Ⅰ．Ｃ（0.5分）Ⅱ．Ａ（0.5分）Ⅲ．Ｅ（0.5分）Ⅳ．Ｄ）（２）Ⅰ． K + 或Mg 2+ ；（0.5分）Ⅱ． H 2；（1分）Ⅲ． O 2（0.5分）（３）．Ⅰ．④（0.5分）Ⅱ． ①（0.5分） 22.(每空0.5分，共5分)氦气氧化铁碳酸 He Ba(OH)2 NaNO 3氧化物碱酸盐23．(每题1分，共5分)(条件、箭头错≥1处总扣分)（1）KOH+HNO 3=KNO 3+H 2O （2）Zn ＋H 2SO 4＝ZnSO 4＋H 2↑ （3）Al ＋3AgNO 3＝Al （NO 3）3＋3Ag （4）C 2H 5OH+3O 22CO 2+3H 2O（5）S+O 2SO 224.（每空分共2分）（1）硅（2）①（3）得（4）NaNO 3或Na 2CO 3 25.（每空1分共5分，条件、箭头错≥）（1）2CO （2）O H 2O H 2222点燃+化合反应（3）O H 2CaCl HCl 2)OH (Ca 222+=+↓+=+3232CaCO NaOH 2)OH (Ca CO Na四、（本题包括2小题，共16分）26、（每空1分，共7分）[实验一]（1）A B C F G 或A C E G；二氧化碳或氢气（2）气密性（3）2 H2O2 2 H2O + O2↑(条件、箭头错≥1处总扣0.5分)（4）将带火星的木条伸入集气瓶内[实验二]结论：实验一反应后溶液中含有碳酸根离子[反思与评价]甲剂一定含有钠、碳和氧三种元素（或甲剂可能是过碳酸钠）27．（共9分）⑴①除去CO2（1分）②将导管从水槽中移出，熄灭酒精灯（1分）⑵D（1分）⑶①21：8（2分），②不正确；（1分）混合气体中的CO2会进入装置，使测定结果不准确；（1分）盛有氢氧化钠溶液的洗气瓶（或装有碱石灰的干燥管）；（1分）是（1分）五、（本题包括1小题，共10分）28、（共10分）（1）Fe3+（1分）过滤（1分）烧杯（0.5分）玻璃棒（0.5分）漏斗（0.5分）（2）吸附水中的可溶性杂质（0.5分）（3）｛｝高（1分）CaCO3+ 2HAc === CaAc2+ H2O + CO2↑（2分）草酸钙（1分）含有（1分）与豆腐中含有丰富的钙反应产生草酸钙（1分）六、（本题包括2小题，共8分）29.（2分）30．（共5分）（1）3：4：3（1分）（2）54.5%（1分）（3）（共3分）设20.00 g橙汁含维生素C的质量为xC6H8O6+I2=C6H6O6+2HI176 2541分x g×1.00%x=254%00.1g 40.25176⨯⨯=维生素C%=g00.20g176.0×100%=0.88%。