定语从句1
定语从句 (一)
定语从句
Question: 1. 定语的作用? 2. 定语从句的结构是什么? 3. 关系代词who的两个作用是什么?
定语从句
定语, 修饰名词或代词, 译为 “....的”
例句: Yaoming is a famous basketball
player.
定语
姚明是一个著名的篮球运动员.
翻译:The woman who is teaching English is my mother.
定语从句
定语从句的结构之一:
先行词(人:名词,代词)+ +陈述句叙
1.代替先行词,在从句中充当句子主语. 2.连接从句和先行词
定语从句
例句: 那个住在我隔壁的人是王老师
主句-那个人是王老师 The man is Mr. Wong. 先行词
从句- 那个人住在我隔壁 The man lives next to me =who 关系代词
翻译:The wan who lives next to me is Mr Wong.
定语从句
例句: 姚明是一个
著名篮球明星.
主句-姚明是一个著名篮球明星. Yao Ming is a
从句- 姚明正在打NBA. Yao Ming is playing in the NBA.
My father is a tall and thin doctor. 定语
我的爸爸是一位又高又瘦的医生.
定语从句
例句: 那个正在教英语的女士是我的妈妈
主句-那个女士是我的妈妈. The woman is mபைடு நூலகம் mother. 先行词
从句- 那个女士正在教英语 The woman is teaching English. =who 关系代词
定语从句(1)
定语从句一．定语从句的定义：所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子来做定语来修饰一个名词，其中被修饰的名词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句之间（或者说引导定语从句）的词语叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
其中常见的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,but,than;常见的关系副词有：why,when,where.（注意：what，how，whether，if和特殊疑问词+ever不能引导定语从句）。
二．如何选择定语从句的连接词：首先明确先行词是什么，然后找到后面的从句，把从句单独拿出来分析，看一看先行词在句子中做什么成分，根据语法选择连接词。
Eg:He tried to escape from the prison that/which was builtin the Middle Age .分析：1.找先行词：prison 2.把prison放入从句中可以看到prison在从句中是做主语，即the prison was built in the Middle Age .而在定语从句中能充当主语的连接词一般情况下是that和which，于是就能选出连接词了。
三．连接词的用法：1.that：可以修饰人和物，在从句中作主语或宾语,表语，做宾语的时候一般情况下可以省略。
Eg: She is a girl who/that has long hair.(在从句中做主语) Is this the news (that)/which you wanted to tell me yesterday?(在从句中做宾语，可以省略that)He is no longer a kind-hearted man that he used to be(在从句中做表语)注意：1）that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：His father died in the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
，定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry .他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the b ook whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一 P1】定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good .他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from . 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her . 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后 面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who 代替先行词 students 在从句中充当主语）There is still mu ch homework which we must finish.（which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who 和 whom1. who 和 whom 代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用 who 引导，作宾语时用 whom 引导。
定语从句1
定语从句一、定语从句及相关概念1、定语从句（The Attributive Clause)：在句中作定语，修饰某一名词或代词(甚至整个主句)的从句。
Mary is a beautiful girl 形容词作定语Mary is a girl （who has long hair）.The girl (whom I met) is Lucy.The school (where I study) is far from my home.I still remember the day（when I came here）.句子作定语, 叫做定语从句2、先行词（Antecedent)：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词或句子.3、关系词(Relatives)引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分二、定语从句中关系词及其作用，定语从句关系词分两类：1 Relative Pronouns（关系代词）:who , whom, which, that, whose, as2 Relative Adverbs（关系副词）:when, where, why关系词的作用：1、指代作用：指代先行词；2、连接作用：连接主从句；3、成分作用：在从句中充当成分The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.I’ll never forget the days which we spent together.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you know the reason why she was late.1 .The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.（主语）2. The girl whom I met is Lucy.（宾语）3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.（定语）4. I like the book which you bought yesterday.(宾语)5. China is not the country that used to be.（表语）6. I like the person to whom you just talked.（宾语）关系代词的用法练习，把下列两个句子合成一个1．The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2. The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.4. The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.5. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.6The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.7The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.填入相应的关系代词1. The person _______you are waiting for has gone.2. I know a lady _______ father is a famous writer.3 Those______ collect stamps are very interested in the “First Day Covers4. The computer____ they use belongs to the school.5.The school ____ is five meters away will be rebuilt.6. I will never forget the days____ we studied together.四．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,常和先行词紧密相连2 而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用, 非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句, 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导, 非限制性定语从句常常用来修饰整个句子如：I want to see this man, who can speak English.He gave up the plan, which was a very good one.I met John, who told me the news.I will take this one, which seems to be the best one.He has two sons, who work in the same company.He has two sons who work in the same company.教师评价: 批阅日期。
定语从句(一)
定语从句（一）定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
限定性定语从句I.关系代词1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及答案
定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.every day & everydayevery day“每天”，作时间状语。
everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。
eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。
He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。
2. between & amongbetween 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。
eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。
They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话【固定搭配】to do / doing在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。
try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you.regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.【关系代词引导的定语从句】（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句(1)关系词用法
总结关系代词的用法：
关系词
关系 代词
that which who
whom
whose
关系 副词
when where
why
所修饰的先行词 人/物 物/事 人 人 人/物
时间名词 地点名词 原因名词（the reason）
在从句中所作的成分 主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语 主语 宾语 定语
时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
定语从句
第1章 什么是定语？
什么是定语？
定语：简单来说就是一个形容词，它的作用就相 当于形容词的作用，用来修饰名词或者代词。
例如：delicious carrots
第2章 什么是定语从句？
什么是定语从句？
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
例句：Those are oranges that I bought for kids.
(3) 当先行词前被最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的书。 This is the last chance that you have. 这是你拥有的最后一个机会。
(4) 当先行词既含有表示人的名词，又含有表示物的名词时。 They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country. 他们谈到了在那个国家见到的人和事。
先行词 关系词
第4章
关系代词
关系代词：that的用法
翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：She is the girl that helped us yesterday. The picture that we are studying is drawn by a girl.
高一英语定语从句1(1)
3.This is the girl _f_r_o_m__ _w_h_o_m___I learned the news.
4.The person___t_o__ _w_h_o_m_ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
This the book whose cover is red.
=This the book the cover of which is red.
注：先行词为人，介词前置时：介词＋whom
1.This is the reason __f_o_r__ _w_h_i_c_h_he left his hometown. (=why)
定语从句he book that / which you
want.
先行词 关系代词
我已经找到你想要的那本书了。
从句的位置：在它要修饰的名词或代词后
先行词:被定语从句修饰的词 关系词：引导定语从句的词，在从句中
代替先行词，并担任一个成分
关系代词that, who, whom, whose,which 关系副词when, where, why, how
表语
她不再是童年时候的那个小女孩了。
作用&关系代词
例句
作主语: We visited the factory which \that
人：who/that makes toys for children.
物：which/that Most managers who \that are present at the meeting agreed to the
定语从句1知识点总结
定语从句1知识点总结一、定语从句的定义定语从句（adjective clause）是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，用来限定这个名词或代词的含义。
定语从句通常由关系词引导，并且关系词在从句中充当某一成分的作用。
二、关系词的种类1.关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that等。
- 用来修饰人的关系代词有：who, whom, whose- 用来修饰物的关系代词有：which, that2.关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词有：when, where, why, how等。
- when用来指代时间，where用来指代地点，why用来指代原因，how用来指代方式。
三、定语从句的位置1.定语从句可以放在先行词之后，例如：The man who is talking to my mother is a doctor.2.定语从句也可以放在先行词之前，例如：That is the man who is talking to my mother.3.定语从句还可以放在先行词之中，例如：The man who my mother is talking to is a doctor.四、定语从句的特点1.从句中所含的主谓结构要完整The book that I want to read is on the desk.2.从句中的主语和先行词相同The girl who is singing is my sister.3.从句中的关系词在从句中的作用The car which you bought is very expensive.五、在定语从句中关系词的省略在定语从句中，当关系词作为宾语或者介词宾语时，可以省略。
The book (that) I want to read is on the desk.The person (whom) I am talking about is my friend.六、定语从句的引导词用法1. who和whomWho用来指人，作主语或者宾语。
定语从句1
定语从句定语从句入门一.定语:修饰一个名词或代词的词和词语。
a useful mapa 5-year-old boya developed countrya book to be publishedsomething importantThe man whom we saw just now is our headmaster.二.用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词,或修饰整个句子或主句中一部分,而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句(Attributive subordinate clause),又称关系从句(Relative Clause)。
.The boy（who you are talking about）is over there定语从句的基本概念1、位置：定语从句一般置于所修饰名词或代词（即先行词) 的后面2、结构: 关系词+ S +V3、关系词：定语从句和主句之间有关系词来连接4. 翻译方法:“….的”练习: 请找出下列句子中的定语从句。
1.The book that I borrowed from the library is well written.2.Is she the girl who would like to join the army ?3.Did you see the young man who was chosen as the leading actor?4.The worker who repaired our house lives next door to Li Hua’s.5.The person whom/who you want to see comes.6. The girl that studies music plays the violin very well.7.The day which I was looking forward to arrived at last.8. Is there anything that belongs to you?9.This is the girl who practices playing the piano every day.10.The watch which her mother gave to her works very well.11.This is the shop which keeps open till eleven at night.你能发现几个关系代词?关系代词与先行词是什么关系?关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分?三.关系代词的作用关系代词有三个作用：一、引导定语从句二、代替先行词，三，在定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。
定语从句1
用来引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose。
本单元我们重点讲解that，who和t引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可 以指物，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
He is a person that does what he says. (person是先行词，that在从句中作主语)
他是一个说话算数的人。
The cat that I bought yesterday is ill. (cat是先行词，that在从句中作宾语)
我昨天买的那只猫病了。
◆who引导的定语从句
He is the man who / whom I have been looking for.
= He is the man for whom I have been looking.
他就是我一直在找的人。
who引导定语从句时只能指人，在从句中可 以作主语或宾语。
A friend who helps you when you have trouble is a real friend.
(friend是先行词，who在从句中作主语)
在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的 朋友。
whom也可以引导定语从句，在从句中 只能作宾语，有时可以和who互换，但 介词后只能用whom，不能用who。
定语从句讲解(1)
定语从句一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
2．定语从句在选择关联词that与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用that的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only、the very the s a me、the last修饰。
请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．The first thing that we should do is to work ou t a plan.②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson.③．Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for a bo u t half a four of things and persons that they r e me mbe r e d in school.④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find.（2）．只用which is情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关联词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。
请看下列两组例句：I said nothing,which made him mo r e angry.I have the book abo u t which you are talking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which和as是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as本身含有“正如”，as在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As appear from her paper,she has r ead widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable,as I have told you.2、which在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：She has married again,which surprises us.四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that和what,what实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：All that I know is that he has made up his mind t o heave the country for a new place.=what I know is that……定语从句知识要点：一、限定性定语从句：种类先行词关联词例句说明（人）who This is the doctor who saved who在从句中做主语定语从在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主the boy’s life.whom在从句中做宾这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
定语从句1
定语从句定语从句是初中语法中较难的一个知识点，同时也是近几年中考必考的。
一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二．特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 2. 关联词：1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。
2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。
三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四．关系代词的用法：1. that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2）先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3）先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。
定语从句(1)
The reason why his sister was late is that her husband is dangerously ill in hospital.
句中why 不可用that 代替，以避免重复；that 不能用because 或why 替代。陈述句主语 reason 的表语从句中只能用that 引导，that 不做从句中的任何成份。
• as与which • as引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前，之中或其后； which引导的定语从句只能放在主句之后。 • as一般用于一些固定句型中，有“正如”之意。 如be said/reported/expected/known/imagined/pointed out/shown/announced等被动形式，或as you see/hear/know等结构中。 • Eg: As is said, they will send us to help the children in the less-developed areas. • 据说，他们要派我们去帮助那些欠发达地区的儿 童。 • She did well in her studies, which made her parents satisfied. • 她学习很好，这使她父母很满意。
专有名词具有“独一无二”的含义，因 此通常用非限制性定语从句来修饰。
Hangzhou, which we visited last year, is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。其他引导限制 性定语从句的关系代词、关系副词皆可引导非限 制性定语从句，且不可省略。
当 the same修饰先行词时，引导定语从句 的关系代词可用as, 或that。用that表示他所 引导的内容与先行词所讲的事物是同一个； 用as表示“同类”。 This is the same bicycle that I have lost. 这是我丢失的那辆自行车。 This is the same bicycle as I have lost. 这辆自行车跟我丢的那辆一样。
定语从句(1)(that,which,who,who,whose)
注意：在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词， 引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。但当one前有the (only)时，one是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
He is one of the students who have been to Beijing. 他是去过北京的 学生之一。
1. the most important thing _____we should pay attention to is the first thing____ I have said. 2. He never reads anything _____is not worth reading. 3. The place _____interested me most was the Great Wall. 4.I’d like a car _____front lights are big and round. 5. The man _____talked to you just now is my father. 6.Can you tell me the name of the school _____the villagers built last year?
6. that/which 二、1. (that) he had stolen 2. (that) I want to buy
3. that/which interests us 4. (that/which) I will never forget. 5. that/which we will visit(are going to visit) tomorrow 6. whose homework hasn't been handed in
定语从句1
定语从句一、基本概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
如：Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which;关系副词有：when, where, why.二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：1．作主语用who, which和that, 如：He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如：The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。
3．作定语用whose, 如：(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b 句）。
定语从句1
定语从句定语从句功能及位置功能：定语从句相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
例：Those who are willing to attend the party , sign your names here please. 定语从句定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
(定语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.）关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why,how等。
关系词常有3个作用：①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
如The man The book关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
定语从句(1)
5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 简单句 6.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a简tr单ee句. 7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he 并do列so句. 8.He was fond of drawing when he was复ye合t a句child. 9.What he said at the meeting is very im复po合rt句ant. 10.The boy who offered me his seat is ca复lle合d 句Tom.
I
want
you
to
meet.
③Do you still r emember the chicken
(that/which)
far m
we
visited three months ago?
2019/11/14
三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不 定代词时。 Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? All that can be done has been done.
2．高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查 常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如：and, but, or, while 以及其他连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句 的连接词、关联词。
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此时，as从句中常有know，expect，happen，
point out，plan，suggest等单词或短语。
He came back home late，as we expected.
正如我们所料，他回家晚了。
(3)当先行词被the same，such修饰时，定语从
句需用as引导。
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
(4)但是当先行词被the same修饰时，that也可 引导定语从句，但意义有所不同。
the same...as(指同样或同类的)，the same...
that (指同一个)
This is the sa这块表与我丢的那块一样。 This is the same watch that I lost.
先行词为point，case，situation等 词时所构成的定语从句 point，situation，case等，从表面上看它们不 是表地点的，但却表示类似地点的意义，因 此它们作先行词时，如果引导词在从句中作 状语，那么这个引导词要用 where；如果不作 状语，则用关系代词that/which。
“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定
1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. ＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting
of whom可以代替 whose指人，词序是名词＋
of whom。
Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里
2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies. 他架起一架望远镜，通过它他可以研究天空。 In the dark street，there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。
2．但在下列情况下一般只能用as。
(1)as引导的定语从句可以放在句首，而which则
不能。
As we know，more than 70% of the earth is
covered with water. 正如我们所知，70%多的地球表面被水覆盖。 (2)as表示“正如，正像”，而which无此意。
as与which在引导定语从句时的区别 1．as与which都可以代指主句中的一部分或整 个句子的内容，有时可以互换。 He married her，as(which) was natural. 很自然地，他和她结婚了。 Whenever I met her，which was fairly often， she greeted me with a sweet smile. 不管我何时遇见她，她都用甜甜的微笑迎接 我，这是常事儿。
被照顾的非常好。
The newly－built cafe，the walls of which are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.
这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们
这就是我丢的那块表。
关系词的选用 当先行词是表示时间的名词时，应注意引导词 在定语从句中作的成分。 Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao？你还记得我们一起在青岛度 过的日子吗？ Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao? 你还记得我们在青岛过暑假的日子吗？
is from Beijing University.
在会议中我与他谈话的那个人是从北京大学来 的。
【温馨提示】
但是在下面一句中for不可以
提前，因为look for 是动词词组。
This is the person(who/whom/that)you are looking for. 这就是你找的那个人。
这就是那位全国知名的科学家。
He lives in a poor house，whose windows are broken. ＝He lives in a poor house，the windows of which
are broken.
他住在一个破房子里，窗子已破了。 Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which (＝whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
定语从句
高考体验
定语从句
whose和of whom，of which引导的 定语从句 whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句 中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等 修饰人或物。of which可以代替whose指物， 词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。
而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之
后。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. ＝This is the scientist the name of whom is
known all over the country.
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)
This is such an easy question as I can answer.
这是一个我能回答的简单问题。(定语从句)
This is such an easy question that I can answer it. 这是个简单的问题，我能回答。 (状语从句)
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.(where作状
语)
把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识
自己的环境中对他们有益。
Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.(which/that作宾语) 现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚。