学术权威和行政权力与高校治理

学术权威和行政权力与高校治理摘要学术权威和行政权力是高校中的两种基本权利，高校的组织特性决定了其客观存在。

高校作为学术组织，学术权威是高校的核心和内在逻辑要求，作为正式的社会组织，行政权力是高校管理不可或缺的权力，二者的冲突与协调贯穿于高校整个发展运行过程中。

我国高等学校由于长期受传统管理理念和政治经济体制的影响，实行集权式的行政管理模式，高校内部学术权威与行政权力长期处于失衡状态。

政府主导办学，行政权力泛化，用行政管理的方式处理大学内部事务，学术权威没有得到应有的尊重和提高，管理缺乏民主，二者的关系没有得到很好的处理。

导致我国高校管理体制僵化、管理效率不高，学术自主性、积极性不强，自由民主氛围不浓厚，学术创新机制不灵活，大学文化精神失落，高校不能很好地适应外部环境对其提出的挑战。

正确处理好学术权威与行政权力的关系，既是高等教育的一个重要理论问题，又是一个非常有现实意义的实践问题。

本文从高校权力结构特点和高校内部事务出发，界定了学术权威与行政权力的概念，对高校学术权威与行政权力的若干理论问题进行分析，指出高等学校学术权威与行政权力存在的合理性基础，并对二者的冲突与协调进行了深入地分析与探讨。

从历史的角度出发探讨了我国高校权力关系的结构与状况，在借鉴国外高校内部权关系模式的经验分析的基础上，阐明了我国高校学术权威与行政权力关系现状，基于我国高校当前存在的种种制度缺陷，提出实现我国高校权力关系调整的六种途径和措施。

为构建我国高校内部和谐权力关系模式提供了主要依据。

文章主要主要采用文献调研和比较分析的研究方法，对近现代高校组织发展的史料以及中外学者关于高校权力结构问题研究文献的收集、整理、分析，对我国高校权力发展的历史发展与当代高等教育体制进行深入探悉，以国外大学与我国大学权力结构的比较，深入分析我国高校权力结构存在的缺陷及形成的原因，为系统论述学术权威与行政权力的关系调整，高校权力结构的优化提供较为扎实的资料。

文章的最大创新之处在于从我国高校权力历史的角度和国际上高校权力的运作状况出发，对高校学术权威和行政权力的来源、类型与结构进行了深层次的探讨，深入分析了学术权威与行政权力的冲突，提出了协调学术权威与行政权力矛盾的对策办法。

但是，由于完成时间和资料搜集有限，实际调查研究不够充分，没有足够实践经验，对问题本质及产生根源的分析不够深入。

因此对于基于理论的分析和论述还只是初步和肤浅的，提出的改革措施还不够具体、全面，这些有待于进一步的研究和探讨。

关键词：学术权威，行政权力，高等学校ABSTRACTAcademic authority and administrative power are two basic rights in college, the university’s organization characteristic had decided its objective existence. The universities took the academic body, the academic authority is universities' core and the intrinsic logical request, took the official social organization, the administrative authority is the universities manages the indispensable authority, the two conflict and the coordination passes through in the universities entire development movement process. The our country college as a result of for a longtime the traditional management idea and politics economic system influence, the implementation centralization -like administration pattern, the universities internal academic authority and the administrative authority is at for a long time the unbalanced condition. The government leads the school, the administrative authority exudes, with the administration way processing university internal affair, the academic authority has not obtained the respect and the enhancement which should have, the management lacks the democracy, the two relations has not obtained very good processing. Causes our country universities management system to ossify, the management efficiency is not high, the academic independency, the enthusiasm are not strong, the free democratic atmosphere is not thick, the academic innovation mechanism is not flexible, the university culture spirit loses, the universities cannot adapt the external environment well the challenge which proposed to it. Correctly processes the relationship between academic authority and administrative authority, is not only an important theoretical problem of higher education, but also a very practical significancepractical issue. This article embarked from the universities authority structure feature and the internal affairs, defines the concept of academic authority and administrative power, This article embarked from the universities authority structure feature and the internal affairs, defines the concept of academic authority and administrative power, has discussed Chinese universities authority relations structure and condition from the perspective of the history, and analyzed the experience of the foreign universities interior authority relations pattern as foundation, proposed six ways and the measure to realize the Chinese universities authority relations adjustment based on the current existence various system defects of Chinese Universities. In order to construct interior harmonious authority relations pattern of our country universities to provide the main basis.This article mainly uses literature investigation and comparative analysis of the research method, the college organizations in modern history and development of Chinese and foreign scholars on the issue of University research literature power structure for the collection, collation, analysis, the development of China's colleges and universities power and the historical development of contemporary higher education Probe into institutional depth to foreign universities and the University of power structures of our country, in-depth analysis of China's colleges and universities the power structure the causes of defects and to systematically discussed academic authority and the relationship between the executive power adjustment, the power structure of the college to provide a more solid Optimization information.The biggest innovation of this article is from the China University of powerhistorical perspective on the University of power and international status of the operation of colleges and universities academic authority and administrative power source, type and structure of the deep-seated, in-depth analysis of academic authority and administrative powers to the conflict, proposed coordinating academic authority with executive powers contradictory policy alternatives. However, due to the completion of the limited time and information gathering, the actual investigation and research are inadequate; do not have enough practical experience, the nature of the problem and the root causes of a lack of in-depth analysis. Because of this, based on theoretical analysis and exposition is only preliminary and superficial, the proposed reform measures are not specific enough, comprehensive, and these need to be further research and study.Key words: Academic authority, Administrative power, University目录第一章绪论 (7)第一节研究的背景 (7)第二节研究的目的与意义 (8)一、研究目的 (8)二、研究意义 (9)第三节国内外研究综述 (10)一、国外研究现状 (10)二、国内研究现状 (11)第四节研究思路与方法 (12)一、研究的思路 (12)二、研究方法 (12)三、研究不足之处 (13)四、研究创新之处 (14)第二章高等学校学术权威与行政权力的基本理论 (14)第一节高等学校的权力与权威 (14)一、高等学校权利的界定 (14)二、权威 (17)第二节高等学校学术权威的内涵及其相关理论 (17)一、学术权威的内涵 (17)二、学术权威对高校的重要意义 (18)三、学术权威的特点 (19)第三节高校行政权力的相关概念及其特征 (20)一、行政权力的概念 (20)二、行政权力的特征 (21)三、高校行政权力是高等教育发展的有效保证 (23)第四节学术权威与行政权力客观存在的合理性 (23)第五节高校中学术权威与行政权力的冲突 (26)一、冲突产生的原因 (26)二、学术权威和行政权力的相互冲突 (27)第六节高校中学术权威与行政权力的协调 (29)一、学术权威与行政权力协调的必要性 (29)二、学术权威与行政权力协调的对策 (30)第三章我国高等学校权力关系现状分析 (33)第一节我国高等学校权力关系的历史回溯 (33)一、清朝末年 (33)二、民国时期 (33)三、新中国成立后 (34)第二节我国高等学校权力关系现状 (35)第三节我国高等学校权力存在的问题.............................. 错误！未定义书签。