2010专项练习针对全国地区非谓语动词复习总结
中考英语-非谓语动词-复习总结精华版(配练习答案)(K12教育文档)
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中考英语非谓语动词复习精华版(配练习答案)一.有些动词只能加V—ing形式,而不能跟不定式 to 做宾语.1.enjoy, have fun, finish, practice, prefer, prefer…to…, keep, Would you mind, feel like, can’t help, be( get ) used to, spend…(in)doing, waste ( time/ money ) in doing , give up, be busy doing, be worth doing, allow等.2.介词+ V—ing: be good at, How/What about…, be afraid of, instead of,be fond of ,Thanks ( Thank you) for, stop/ prevent /protect…from…, look forward to, make a contribution to , be interested in, with, without, 等。
3.连词:than ,when, after, before4. V—ing充当句子的主语:二.有些动词只能加不定式to (即to do ):1.ask sb. to do, want(would like) sb. to do ,tell sb。
初中非谓语动词形式的复习应考小结
xx非谓语动词的复习应试小结金平二中张露在云南省的学业水平英语考试中,非谓语动词形式在单项选择,完型填空和用适合形式填空中占很大考分比率,考生若能够灵巧掌握这部分的出题规则和高频词汇,学业水平考试从前多练多做,在做题时形成必定的语感,那么英语分数提升的空间不行小量。
下边我就对非谓语动词做一个复习小结。
一、非谓语动词的分类非谓语动词,顾名思义,即不可以作句子的谓语用的动词,也称动词的非限制形式。
主要分为动词不定式,此刻分词,过去分词和动名词四种。
非谓语动词也有动词的特点,可有自己的状语和宾语。
在这里我们主要讲动词不定式和动名词二、动词不定式是“to+动词原形”(有时 to 要省去)这一构造的称号 .能够在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语,宾语补足语、状语等成份 .其否认形式为not to do sth .动名词是对“动词加 ing ”这一构造的称号。
能够在句中作主语、宾语。
动名词与自己的宾语统称为“动名词短语”。
三、常考知识点概括1.以下动词的不定式要把to 省去:感观动词( see, watch, notice, hear, feel)和使役动词( have, let , make),但当这些动词用作被动语态时,不定式前加 to 。
2.以下动词后跟 V-ing 作宾语 :finish doing sth 达成做某事prefer doing sth.更喜爱做某事enjoy doing sth 享受做某事keep doing sth 保持做某事hate doing sth 厌烦做某事mind doing sth 介怀做某事practice doing sth 练习做某事have fun doing sth 很高兴做某事have problem (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 spend time (in) doing sth 花时间做某事 feel like doing sth 想要做某事 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 be busy doing sth忙于做某事 give up doing sth放弃做某事 keep on doing sth 持续做某事 be worth doing sth ,值得做某事 can’t stand doing sth 不可以忍耐做某事 can ’ t help doing sth禁.不住做某事3.start ,begin ,countinue. ,动词后可跟不定式和动名词作宾语,所表示的意思一般不作差别, help 后可跟不定式和原形作宾语或宾语补足语,所表示的意思一般也不作差别 .4.易混杂的考点:以下动词也可跟不定式(todo)和动名词 (v-ing),但意思不同。
非谓语知识点总结
非谓语知识点总结一、非谓语动词的概念和分类非谓语动词是指不具有人称、数和时态的动词形式。
在句子中,非谓语动词一般用作其他动词或名词的补语、定语或状语。
按照其形式和功能的不同,非谓语动词可以分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。
1. 动词不定式动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,可以作主语、宾语、定语和状语。
作主语:To travel around the world is my dream.作宾语:He wants to buy a new car.作定语:The best way to learn English is to practice speaking every day.作状语:He studied hard to pass the exam.2. 动名词动名词由动词加上-ing构成,可以作主语、宾语、定语和状语。
作主语:Reading is my favorite hobby.作宾语:She enjoys swimming in the sea.作定语:I like watching movies in my free time.作状语:He left the room without saying a word.3. 分词分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式,现在分词一般以-ing结尾,过去分词一般以-ed、en、t结尾,可以作定语、状语和补语。
现在分词作定语:The girl standing by the door is my sister.现在分词作状语:She came home, feeling tired and hungry.过去分词作定语:The film directed by him won the best picture award.过去分词作补语:I was surprised to see the door closed.二、非谓语动词的用法1. 动词不定式(1)作主语To leave now is the best decision.(2)作宾语I want to learn English well.(3)作定语I have a book to read.(4)作状语He works hard to support his family.2. 动名词(1)作主语Swimming is good for health.(2)作宾语I enjoy reading books in my free time.(3)作定语The boy standing there is my brother.(4)作状语He goes to the gym every day, practicing yoga.3. 分词(1)现在分词作定语The girl sitting next to me is my best friend.(2)现在分词作状语Smiling happily, she accepted the gift.(3)过去分词作定语The meal cooked by my mother tastes delicious.(4)过去分词作补语I was excited to hear the news announced by the principal.三、非谓语动词形式的转换1. 从动词不定式到动名词动词不定式to do可以变为动名词doing,例如:I like to swim.(动词不定式)I like swimming.(动名词)2. 从动名词到动词不定式动名词doing可以变为动词不定式to do,例如:We enjoyed singing together.(动名词)We enjoyed to sing together.(动词不定式)3. 从动词不定式到分词动词不定式to do可以变为现在分词doing和过去分词done,例如:He is busy with his work.(动词不定式)He is busy doing his work.(现在分词)He is busy done his work.(过去分词)四、非谓语动词的特殊用法1. 不定式的被动语态动词不定式的被动语态结构为“to be + 过去分词”,例如:He is said to be a good student.2. 动名词的所有格形式动名词的所有格形式是在动名词后面直接加上“的”,例如:I remember his coming to see me.3. 分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件和方式现在分词和过去分词作状语表示时间、原因、条件和方式,例如:Being an experienced teacher, she knows how to deal with children. Having finished her homework, she went to bed.4. 动词不定式作目的状语动词不定式作目的状语表示目的或结果,通常放在句子后面,例如:He ran fast to catch the bus.五、非谓语动词的练习1. 单项选择题(1)We should encourage the students ____ more exercise every day.A. doB. to doC. doingD. are doing(2)I enjoy _____ in the garden in my free time.A. to workB. workingC. worksD. worked(3)The news _____ by the teacher surprised everyone.A. announceB. announcingC. announcedD. to announce2. 填空练习(1)_____ up early in the morning, she went for a run.(2)He wants _____ to the school team next year.(3)She likes _____ to music in her room.3. 句子翻译(1)他想去看电影。
非谓语动词总结复习
2. 有些动词后跟to do 和doing意思不一样。
如:try to do尽力做
try doing试着做 regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing/having done对做过的事后悔,遗憾 mean to do打算做
mean doing意味着
forget to do忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过 remember to do记得要去做 remember doing 记得做过
Hearing the news, he looked disappointed.
The girl standing there is my sister . Seen from the tower, the city looks beautiful. I saw people coming and going in the street . He asked me to do the homework with him.
非谓语动词总结复习
一、什么叫做非谓语动词
在英语中,动词按其在句子中的作用,可分为:谓语 动词和非谓语动词。那么非谓语动词使用条件: 一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没 有连词的情况下,再出现的动词就是非谓语动词。 例如:
1.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
②放在be + adj之后作状语,表示喜怒哀乐后跟 不定式表原因。
He was astonished to hear the news. I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill.
③在带有enough 或too 的句子里也常用不定式 作状语表结果 He was too excited to say a word .
非谓语动词考点总结归纳(含真题与答案)
非谓语动词考点总结归纳非谓语动词包括不定式,动名词和分词。
它们是高中所学的基础语法,也是高考必考内容。
既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识:①具有句子结构的知识,会分析句子成分。
②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识,要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
③具有扎实而丰富的动词知识,要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。
④具备各种复合句的知识,能够拆析复合句和长难句。
●所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not放在非谓语动词的_前面_考点一:非谓语作状语。
非谓语动词作状语多表示伴随状态,或事情发生的原因,结果,时间,条件等。
注意,作目的状语只能是_不定式,也可用in order to / so as to +动词原形。
解题诀窍:找逻辑主语,辩逻辑关系,析动作先后●不定式做结果状语的固定搭配only to do ,too +adj/adv to do,so +adj/adv as to do ,such +n as to do adj/ adv enough to doonly to do 常表示意想不到或不愉快的结果。
练习:1. _____that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.A. Having toldB. Having been toldC. TellD. Telling2 . _____ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only3 fingers and a thumb.A. To saveB. SavedC. SavingD. Having saved3 Hoping he would not be seen, Bob stole in, _____ his schoolbag and rushed out.A. picking upB. picked upC. to pick upD. having picked up4 _____ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive to Florida.A. DiscoveringB. To discoverC. To have discoveredD. Discovered5 He sent me an e-mail, ______ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hopeD. hope6 _____ nice and delicious, the fried chicken was soon sold out.A. TastedB. Being tastedC. TastingD. To taste7 The purpose of new drugs used on patients is to make them less painful, _____ them more terrible.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make8 —What do you think of last night’s lecture?— _____ speaking, I thought it was rather boring.A. RealB. GeneralC. FairD. Honestly9 He was so foolish _________ his car unlocked in the public park last night.A to leaveB that leaveC as to leaveD for him to leave10 When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed11 The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see12 The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told注意:非谓语作状语时,主语必须是非谓语的逻辑主语;如果不是,非谓语需要有在他前面加上自己的主语,构成独立主格结构。
专项训练非谓语 动词知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)
专项训练非谓语动词知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)一、非谓语动词1.My mother doesn't allow me _______outside too late on school nights.A. to stayB. stayC. staying【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:在上学的日子里,我妈妈不允许我在外面待得太晚。
Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事,是固定用法,故答案选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式,掌握固定搭配。
2.—I think the environment is terrible these years.—Yes, it will be even worse the government takes action it.A. until; protectB. unless; to protectC. if; protecting【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——我认为这几年来环境太糟糕了。
——是的,环境会变得更糟糕,除非政府采取措施保护环境。
A. until; 直到…为止,B. unless除非,如果不,连词;C. if 如果,连词;until和if放在这里,句意不通顺,take action to do sth. 采取行动去做某事,动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
【点评】此题考查连词短语和固定搭配。
3.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险,我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
专项训练非谓语动词总结和练习
专项训练非谓语动词总结和练习一、非谓语动词1.I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.A. to pick upB. picking upC. picked up【答案】 A【解析】【分析】我今天早上早早起床,为了在机场接我的奶奶。
短语pick up表示接某人,用动词不定式to do表示目的。
根据题意,故选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式。
掌握动词不定式做目的状语的用法。
2.—In my opinion, animals shouldn't be kept for fun.— I think so. Forests are the best places for animals ______________.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. to live in【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——在我看来,动物不应该被用来取乐。
——我想是的。
森林是动物生存的最佳场所。
places,地方,可数名词复数,与live之间是动宾关系,要用不定式作定语。
live,居住,不及物动词,要在live加介词in,故选D。
【点评】考查不定式作定语。
要根据动词种类添加适当的介词或副词。
3.Running ______ a good way to exercise every day.A. isB. wasC. areD. were【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:每天跑步是一种锻炼的好方式。
“跑步”作句子的主语,动词短语作主语,用成动名词形式;动名词作主语时,谓语用第三人称单数形式。
故选A。
【点评】本题考查主谓一致。
以及is was ,are,were四个词的意义和用法。
4.—I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.—If you don't go, _____.A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:——我很想和你一起去远足,但我还有很多作业要做。
非谓语动词归纳总结(可编辑修改word版)
非谓语动词归纳总结一,非谓语动词的形式变化及其意义2,非谓语动词的运用及考题形式形式1,(If/Unless/When/Though/As)( )----------------------,句子(主语+谓语+宾语 ----- )(1)-------- To do 表目的(为了),发生谓语动词后,后面常带宾语(2)Doing/Having done----(当 - 时,如果,虽然,因为),后面常带宾语(3)Done/Having been done----(当-- 时,如果,虽然,因为),后面不带宾〖注意〗:1,(Do )---------------, and/but/or/if/when/before/after+主语+谓语+--------这是祈使句,所以用动词原2,(Doing/Being done)------------------is/was(谓语动词) ------------------------------ --.这是用动名词作主语〖例证〗:1,(look)carefully,and you can find the differences between the two pictures.2,(look)after his aged mother, he gave up the chance to go abroad for f urther study.3, (look) after yourself well is important when you are alone abroad.4, (look) after well by the nurse, the old man recovered quite quickly.5, (look) after well is a kind of love that our parents gave us.6, (look) for the book for a long time, he finally bought it in a bookstore occasionally.7, (look) after well by the nurse for two months,the old man finally recovered.形式2主语+谓语+宾语+------,()+------------1,doing(及物动词后面跟宾语)表示伴随,结果,方式2,done(及物动词后面不跟宾语)表示伴随,结果,方式3,only to do 表示结果〖例证〗1,A hearty laughter releases physical tension, ( )(leave) our muscle relaxed for half an hour. 2,The old grandma got off the bus, ()(support)by her granddaughter.3,We hurried to the railway station, only( )(find) the train had already left.4,He got up,washed his faces,had his breakfast, and( )(go) to work.形式3主语()+ 谓语+ 宾语()+-------------1,to do 将要做的to be done 将被做的(作定语或宾语补足语)2,doing 正在做的being done 正在被-- 的(作定语或宾语补足语)3,done 被----了的(作定语或宾语补足语)〖例证〗1,Anyone (see) (carry)bags,boxes,cases was stopped by the police.(作定语)2,Steam can be seen (rise) when water is heated.(作主语补足语)3,Seeing the roads (cover) with snow and ice, we decided to stay at home.(作宾语补足语)4,The building (complete) next month will be used as a laboratory.(作定语)5,The problem (discuss) now is not the one (discuss)at yesterday’s meeting (作定语)6,He spoke loudly enough to make himself (hear) clearly.(作宾语补足语)7,The government has taken effective measures (improve) the air condition in Beijing.(作目的状语)8,Don’t keep the water (run) when you brush teeth.(作宾语补足语)3,固定搭配1,跟不定式作宾语的动词Aim,appear,agree,arrange,decide,choose,demand,desire,determine,expect,hope,fail,happen, hesitate,learn,mean,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,attempt,want2,跟动名词作宾语的动词Consider,suggest,advise,excuse,pardon,admit,delay,putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep,practice,deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate,can’t help,forbid,imagine,risk,mind,allow,permit,escape3,to 后面跟动名词的短语Be/get used to,be related to,be addicted to,be opposed to,be devoted to,be adjusted to,be connected to,be compared to,lead to,object to,look forward to,stick to,pay attention to,contribute to,make contributions to,reply to,turn to,belong to,respond to。
非谓语动词(动名词、动词不定式)总结及练习(附答案)
非谓语动词(动名词、动词不定式)总结及练习非谓语动词在句子中充当除了谓语....以外其它成份的动词形式,不受人称和数的限制。
在英语中,非谓语动词主要有动名词和动词不定式两种形式。
第一部分动名词1.0动名词是在动词后面+ ing (doing)的形式,把动词变成名词来使用。
比如:live → living, see → seeing, go → going,凡此种种。
2.0 动名词在句子中的成份2.1 动名词做主语e.g. Seeing is believing. seeing为动名词,在句子中做主语Learning Japanese is hard. 为动名词,在句子中做主语2.2 动名词作宾语, 此时多与一些固定的谓语动词作搭配, 见附表e.g. I like reading.He enjoyed living in France.2.3 动名词作介词的宾语,常常与类似如下短语的介词连用,如:dream of, keep awayfrom, be good at, be interested in …e.g. He is interested in drawing. 动名词drawing作in的宾语Please keep away from lying. 动名词lying作from的宾语2.4 动名词作表语e.g. Seeing is believing. 动名词believing作表语My hobby is skating. 动名词skating作表语2.5 动名词作定语, 对修饰的名词形成一种定义e.g. a dining room, a swimming pool, a waiting room…2.6 动名词作状语,逻辑主语须与主句主语报纸一致e.g. Hearing the good news, she couldn’t helping laughing. (时间状语)Having received the letter, I decided to write back. (时间状语)Having been to the Great Wall for many times, he didn’t go last week. (原因状语)Working hard, you will succeed.(条件状语)Though working hard from day to day, he didn’t get rich. (让步状语)2.7 动名词作宾语补足语,常与感官等动词连用e.g. I saw him leavingPlease keep him working.第二部分动词不定式1.0 动词不定式也是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词而是动词不定式的符号,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式,包括不定式、动名词和分词。
它们具有多种用法和功能,下面将对非谓语动词的知识点进行总结。
一、不定式1. 不定式的形式:以to+动词原形构成,如to eat、to go等。
2. 不定式作主语:To learn English is important.3. 不定式作宾语:I want to eat an apple.4. 不定式作表语:My dream is to become a doctor.5. 不定式作定语:I have a book to read.6. 不定式作状语:She woke up early to catch the train.二、动名词1. 动名词的形式:动词+ing形式,如eating、going等。
2. 动名词作主语:Swimming is good for health.3. 动名词作宾语:I enjoy playing basketball.4. 动名词作表语:His hobby is fishing.5. 动名词作定语:I have a writing task to finish.6. 动名词作状语:He left without saying goodbye.三、分词1. 分词的形式:分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式,如working、played等。
2. 现在分词作主语:Reading helps improve vocabulary.3. 现在分词作宾语:She heard someone calling her name.4. 现在分词作表语:He is a hardworking student.5. 现在分词作定语:I saw a running dog in the park.6. 现在分词作状语:He left the room, closing the door behind him.7. 过去分词作宾语补足语:I found the door closed.四、非谓语动词的逻辑主语1. 不定式的逻辑主语:It is important to learn English.2. 动名词的逻辑主语:Swimming helps improve health.3. 分词的逻辑主语:Reading books is beneficial for children.五、非谓语动词的否定形式1. 不定式的否定形式:not+不定式,如not to go、not to eat等。
2010届高考英语语法总复习---非谓语动词考点归纳
4.______from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A.Being separated B.Having separated C.Having been separated D.To be separated
What a surprising result! I am surprised at what he said.
Cleaning women in big cities
usually get ____ by the hour. A. pay C. paid B. paying D. to pay
d、表示伴随情况
She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.
…and was followed by her little daughter.
the changing world the changed world boiling water boiled water
(正在变化的)
(变化了的)
(正在沸腾的) (已经沸腾过的)
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时 的区别:过去分词表示被动或完 成;现在分词表示主动或进行。
(2) 所表示的时间
过去分词作定语时,所表示的动 作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.
experienced
pleased
interested
puzzled
tired
Worried
……
非谓语动词总结及练习
非谓语动词总结及练习第一篇:非谓语动词总结及练习非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
一.后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况like/love/ enjoy doing喜欢做某事finish doing sth.完成做某事practice doing sth.练习做某事avoid doing sth.避免做某事consider doing sth.考虑做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事keep doing sth.持续做某事feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事be worth doing 值得做某事spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难have fun doing.做某事高兴介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)也用doingbe good at doing sth.thank you for doing sth.give up doing sth.stop sb.from doing sth.be afraid of doing sth.be interested in doing sth.be proud of doing sth.instead of doing sth.be fond of doing sth.to作介词的情况也用doinglook forward to doing sth期望做某事prefer doing sth.to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…pay attention to doing注意做某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事make a contribution to为…做贡献二.后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况agree to do同意去做afford to do买得起decide to do决定去做hope to do希望去做wish to do希望去做fail to do做某事失败去 plan to do打算去做pretend to do假装去做refuse to do拒绝去做 would like to do想要去做want to do想要去做某事learn to do 学做 prefer to do sth.喜欢(爱)做某事sb.seem to do sth好像做某事 used to do sth.过去常常做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人去做某事asked sb.(not)to do sth.叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)tell sb.(not)to do sth.叫某人去(不要)做某事follow sb.to do sth.跟随某人去做某事get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事be excited to do sth.对做……感到兴奋be frightened to do sth.害怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth.高兴去做某事be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事be sorry to do sth.对做某事感到抱歉be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊奇can’t wait to do sth.迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会It’s + adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是…It’s +adj.+(of sb.)to do sth.做某事你是…的It takes sb.some time/money to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事It’s best for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是最好的It’s time for sb.to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了too…(for sb.)to …太……以致不能…… ==not… enough to doprefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿……而不愿……(常考)something to eat/drink一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些 Sth.is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns to do sth.轮流做……There is no time(for sb.)to do sth.对(某人来说)没时间做某事了There is no need(for sb.)to do sth.对某人来说没必要做某事try/do one’s best to do sth.尽力去做某事三、后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况:1、后加不定式或动名词意思相近的动词有些动词接doing和to do意义相近像like(喜欢),love(喜欢),hate(憎恨),prefer(宁可),begin(开始),start(开始),continue(继续)。
非谓语动词总结知识点
非谓语动词总结知识点非谓语动词是英语中非常重要的语法现象,它们包括不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语动词在句子中不能独立作谓语,但可以充当其他成分,如主语、宾语、定语、补语或状语。
不定式(Infinitive)不定式通常表示动作的未完成性或一般性。
它由“to”加上动词原形构成,有时也可以不带“to”。
不定式可以表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
- 表示目的:He went to the library to read a book.- 表示原因:She is happy to see you.- 表示结果:To my surprise, he won the first prize.- 条件:If you study hard, you will pass the exam.动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词的-ing形式,它具有名词的特性,可以作主语、宾语或表语。
动名词通常表示正在进行的动作或习惯。
- 作主语:Swimming is good for health.- 作宾语:I enjoy reading.- 作表语:My hobby is collecting stamps.分词(Participle)分词有两种形式:现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词通常以-ing结尾,过去分词形式多样。
分词可以作定语、补语或状语。
- 现在分词作定语:The boy running in the park is my brother.- 过去分词作定语:The letter written by her was very touching. - 现在分词作补语:I found the book interesting.- 过去分词作补语:The room was cleaned by the maid.非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词的时态和语态通过不同的形式表达。
现在分词表示进行或主动;过去分词表示完成或被动;不定式表示未完成或一般性。
2010高考英语语法知识点归纳总结:非谓语动词
七、非谓语动词
注:现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分
generally speaking一般说来;frankly speaking坦白地说;judging from/by...根据……来判断;considering.../taking...into consideration考虑到……;
to tell you the truth说实话;seeing...考虑到……;supposing假设,如果;providing如果;given考虑到,鉴于;provided that如果
在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难有两个:一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;二是如何选用哪一种非谓语动词及其恰当的形式。
一、谓语与非谓语的比较
非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。
汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。
如:他明天来拜访你。
翻译成英语不是He will come visit you,而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。
因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。
例:Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.
A. to stand
B. standing
C. stood
D. would stand
分析:stood是与sat并列的谓语。
非谓语语法功能的比较
已经建好的桥。
非谓语动词解析与练习大总结
非谓语动词专讲专练动词除了在句子中充当谓语外,还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等,称作非谓语动词,包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。
高考重点要求:1、掌握不定式、分词、动名词在句子中的作用2、区分不定式、分词作定语和状语的异同3、掌握不定式、动名词作宾语,不定式和分词作宾补的惯用结构4、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系,以确定非谓语动词的时态形式5、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系,以确定非谓语动词的语态形式第一节知识点概述一、动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。
(一)动词不定式的特征及用法1.动词不定式的构成及特征“to +动词原形”构成动词不定式,是一种非谓语形式,在句子中不能作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1.作主语例如:To learn English well is not easy.或It is not easy to learn English well.动词不定式作主语时,往往用it作形式主语,这种句型可归纳为下面的句型:It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式的动作执行者,可以用forIt is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.2.作表语My wish is to become a teacher.3.作宾语Most of us like to watch football matches.4.作宾语补足语He told me to be here on time.5.作定语I have nothing to say about that thing.6.作状语He stopped to have a look.3.动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形例如:He asked me not to make such a mistake.4.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以接动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
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非谓语动词总结
非谓语动词是英语高考的重点难点,今天小编就为你整理一些非谓语动词总结的内容,欢迎大家学习。
非谓语动词总结【1】
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)
(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
(详细版)非谓语动词总结报告
(详细版)非谓语动词总结报告非谓语动词总结报告非谓语动词是指在句子中起到动词的作用,但并不担当句子的谓语成分。
本报告将总结非谓语动词的种类及其用法,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用非谓语动词。
一、非谓语动词的种类1. 不定式(Infinitive):不定式通常以“to”开头,常见的形式有不定式一般式和不定式完成式,如:to study, to have studied。
2. 动名词(Gerund):动名词是将动词变为名词形式,通常以“-ing”结尾,如:studying, having studied。
3. 现在分词(Present Participle):现在分词通常以“-ing”结尾,如:studying。
4. 过去分词(Past Participle):过去分词通常是不规则变化,如:studied。
二、非谓语动词的用法1. 不定式的用法:- 作为动词宾语,如:I want to study.- 用于形容词后,如:I am happy to help.- 用于副词后,如:He came back to visit us.2. 动名词的用法:- 作为主语,如:Studying is important.- 用于介词后,如:She is good at cooking.3. 现在分词的用法:- 作为形容词,修饰名词,如:The running water is clear. - 作为副词,修饰动词,如:He fell asleep while studying.4. 过去分词的用法:- 用于被动语态,如:The book was written by him.- 用于完成时态,如:I have finished the work.三、注意事项在使用非谓语动词时,需要注意以下几个方面:- 根据具体语境选择使用不定式、动名词等。
- 注意非谓语动词和主语、宾语、介词、形容词等的搭配关系。
- 避免使用过多的非谓语动词造成句子结构复杂不清。
2010年高考英语非谓语动词考点解析121
2010年高考英语非谓语动词考点解析非谓语动词一直都是高中英语教学的重点和难点,同时它也是历年高考英语测试的焦点和热点。
本文结合2010 年全国各地高考英语试题对非谓语动词这一考点的考查,对其进行简要的分析、归纳和总结,希望对2011年考生的高考备考有所帮助。
一、动词不定式在2010 年全国大部分省市的高考英语试题中,都对动词不定式这一考点进行了考查,考查重点与2009 年高考英语一致,仍然是侧重于对动词不定式作定语(5道题)和状语(4道题)的考查。
1. 动词不定式作定语2010 年高考英语试题中有关对动词不定式作定语的考查主要集中在动词不定式的一般式和被动式。
例如:1)I have a lot of readings ____before the end of this term. (2010 山东卷,23)A. completingB. to completeC. completedD. being completed2)That is the only way we can imagine ____ the overuse of water instud ents’bathrooms. (2010 上海卷,40)A. reducingB. to reduceC. reducedD. reduce3)After she completes the project,she’ll have nothing to worry about (没什么要担心的). (worry)(2010 湖北卷,75)4)His first book ____ next month is based on a true story. (2010 陕西卷,19)A. publishedB. to be publishedC. to publishD. being published5)Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ____ first is the library. (2010 重庆卷,34)A. repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repaired[解析]这五道题的共同点是考查动词不定式(短语)作后置定语,所修饰的名词与不定式(短语)之间构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是英语语法中重要的一部分,它包括不定式、动名词和分词。
掌握非谓语动词的用法和特点对于学习英语语法和提高语言表达能力非常重要。
本文将对非谓语动词的知识点进行总结和归纳。
一、不定式1. 不定式的基本形式:不定式是动词的一种形式,一般由“to + 动词原形”构成,例如:to go, to eat, to play等。
不定式可以作为动词、名词或形容词的宾语、表语、定语等。
2. 不定式的用法:a. 作为动词的宾语:He wants to go home. (他想回家。
)b. 作为名词的宾语:I like to swim. (我喜欢游泳。
)c. 作为形容词的宾语补足语:It is difficult to learn a new language. (学一门新语言很困难。
)3. 不定式的否定形式:不定式的否定形式通常是在“to”之前加上“not”,构成“not to + 动词原形”,例如:not to go, not to eat等。
4. 不定式的完成形式:不定式的完成形式由“to have + 动词过去分词”构成,例如:to have gone, to have eaten等。
5. 不定式的被动形式:不定式的被动形式由“to be + 动词过去分词”构成,例如:to be done, to be eaten等。
6. 不定式的完成被动形式:不定式的完成被动形式由“to have been + 动词过去分词”构成,例如:to have been done, to have been eaten等。
二、动名词1. 动名词的基本形式:动名词是动词的一种形式,一般以动词原形加上-ing构成,例如:going, eating, playing等。
动名词可以作为名词的主语、宾语、表语等。
2. 动名词的用法:a. 作为名词的主语:Swimming is good exercise. (游泳是一项好的锻炼。
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非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant.(2)动名词作表语:动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。
Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。
His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。
(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其所属结构迥异,进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。
动名词做表语,说明主语的性质或情况。
People cannot but feel puzzled,for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected.(3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语,这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。
一般来说,表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是“激动”,“高兴”,而是“使激动”、“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。
所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。
换句话说,若人对……感兴趣,就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时,就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有:interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息,他们非常激动。
3.不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求:(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange安排destine注定mean意欲,打算begin开始expect期望omit忽略,漏appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装ask问dread害怕need需要agree同意desire愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢,宁愿care关心,喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉,遗憾choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope希望promise承诺,允许start开始undertake承接want想要consent同意,赞同intend想要refuse拒绝decide决定learn学习vow起contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek找,寻觅try试图2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式ask要求,邀请get请,得到prompt促使allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿announce宣布force强迫press迫使bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定,表示advise劝告exhort告诫,勉励pray请求authorize授权,委托help帮助recommend劝告,推荐bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒beg请求induce引诱report报告compel强迫invite吸引,邀请,summon传唤command命令intend想要,企图show 显示drive驱赶mean意欲,打算train训练cause引起instruct指示require要求deserve应受leave使,让tell告诉direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱entitle有资格order命令warn告诫enable使能够need需要urge激励,力说encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要condemn指责,谴责lead引起,使得teach教entreat恳求permit允许wish希望(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认,自认cease 停止mention说到,讲到admit 承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢,讨厌advocate:提倡,主张complete完成dread可怕appreciate 感激,欣赏confess坦白endure忍受avoid避免contemplate细想enjoy享有,喜爱bear忍受defer拖延envy嫉妒can't help不禁delay延迟escape逃跑,逃避can't stand受不了deny否认excuse借口consider 考虑detest嫌恶fancy幻想,爱好favor 造成,偏爱mind 介意repent悔悟figure描绘,计算miss错过resent怨恨finish完成,结束不得pardon原谅,饶恕resist抵抗,阻止forgive原谅permit 允许resume恢复imagine设想postpone延迟,延期risk冒险involve卷入,包含practise 实行,实践suggest建议hate讨厌prevent阻止save营救,储蓄keep保持quit放弃停止stand坚持,忍受loathe非常讨厌,厌恶recall回想例如:I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。
(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做)remember doing记得做过某事(已做)4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔5)try to do努力、企图做某事try doing试验、试一试某种办法6) mean to do打算,有意要…mean doing意味着7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情)go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)8)propose to do 打算(要做某事)proposing doing建议(做某事)9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念(注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。