2018届上海市青浦区高三上学期期末考试(即一模) 英语试题及答案
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解C篇(带答案已经校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchanges[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit(公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American bench mark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. Itwould stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading formB. partners that benefit each other in their business activitiesC. rivals that are competing in the oil trading marketD. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.A. backwardnessB. disappointmentsC. engineersD. problems65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is fallingB. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than DublinC. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of IrelandD. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businessesB. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shownC. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each otherD. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting betterKeys:63-66: C D B ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life. According to Dr Tanya King, senior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University, “It’s Australians’ egalitarianism, sense of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built. In Australia’s founding era in the late 1700s, criminal settlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors. The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish, was unable to seek civic positions that were reserved for immigrants who were not the criminal, with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’. Bec ause of this, an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal settlers. They may not have had power, education or wealth, but they had a shared belief in equality.③The informal way Australians use language is also believed to root in criminal times. Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that ‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit in with their new conditions in life’. Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further –so ‘have a Captains Cook’ (have a look), became ‘ava captains’. This same practice was used to economize ordinary clauses. Words like ‘good day’ became ‘g’day’, and barbecue was ‘barbie’.④The tough conditions of settler times also played a part in Australians’ dry, self-criticizing and sarcastic（讽刺的）sense of humor. While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side. On one road trip, as I hit the state line and entered Victoria, I drove past some blackened trees, the leftovers of a recent bushfire. A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent, but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct. Behind the figure, someone had drawn flames making it look asthough the animal’s tail was on fire. I couldn’t help but laugh – it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s ‘nothing upsets us’ and anti-authoritarian attitude.⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space. This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians’ relaxed attitude.63. The underlined word “egalitarianism” is closest to __________ in meaning.A. criminalityB. crueltyC. equalityernmentalism64. Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians use language?A. They use more slangs than other people.B. They give new meanings to existent words.C. They favour shortened forms of expressions.D. They coin terms in memory of criminal times.65. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. Kangaroos’ living condition s are getting tougher.B. Forest fires threaten Australian s’ life to a great extent.C. Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria.D. Australians’ jokes may not be as careless as they seem on the surface.66. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. how the late 1700s impacted AustraliaB. why Australians enjoy casual life so muchC. what cont ributes to Australians’ relaxed lifestyleD. how Australians present their attitude towards lifeKeys: 63-66 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to fin d out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs o f identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and affected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the onlyapproach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavities.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D. Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Keys: 60-62 DCBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )Many United States companies have made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980, the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies(补贴) by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped”their products in the United States at “less than fair value.”Even when no unfair practices are claimed, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief(救济).Contrary to the general impression, this request for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop a complicated web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company. Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.Perhaps the most shameful case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations(控诉) that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate（联合企业）with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The “United States”company claiming injury was a unit of a Dutch conglomerate, while the “Canadian”companies included a unit of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.63.The passage is chiefly concerned with_______________.A. arguing against the increased internationalization of US corporations.B. warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequences.C. recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices.D. advocating the use of trade restrictions for "dumped" products but not for other imports.64.What can be inferred about the minimal basis for a complaint to the ITC ____________.A. A foreign competitor is selling products in the US at less than fair market value.B. A foreign competitor has greatly increased the volume of products shipped to the US.C. The company requesting import relief has been banned from exporting products.D. The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the US.65.What is the function of the last paragraph?A. It summarizes the discussion and suggests additional areas for research.B. It makes a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.C. It uses a specific case to illustrate a problem in the previous paragraph.D. It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.66.Which of the following is most likely to be true of US trade laws?A. They will eliminate the practice of "dumping" products in the US.B. Those applied to international companies will help to gain more profits.C. They will affect US trade with Canada more negatively than trade with other nations.D. Those helping one unit within a parent company won’t necessarily help other units. Keys:63-66 BDCDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenthcentury, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupin gs. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls,giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to__________.A. demonstrate Linna eus’s method of classificationB. introduce the need for a better system of naming organismsC. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming systemD. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with lit tle modifications.D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Father of Modern TaxonomyB. Classifying OrganismsC. Development in Life FormsD. Linnaeus’s Classification SystemKEYS: 63-66 DDABSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Nellie Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 "Toubon Law" in France, but the idea has been copied in man y countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficultly in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessary take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields lo defend.63. Neville Alexander believes that?A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countriesB. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of AfricaC. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendsD. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure64. The underlined word “futile” (i n paragraph 2) most probably means “”.A. workableB. practicalC. uselessD. unnecessary65. Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection effortsdescribed in the passage?A. They think language protection laws are ineffective.B. They want their language to spread to other countries.C. They have a long history of taking words from other languages.D. It reduces a language's ability to acquire international importance66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. English has taken over fields like public communication and educationB. Many sheets of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.KEYS: 63-66 D C C BSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.Mr Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need in built intelligence within five years, making data scientists-people trained to analyze large bodies of information-key workers in this emerging “cognitive” technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.Many companies that are born digital-particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle-are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem.The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $ 150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of “smart” applications, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need. Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.63. Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?A. Technological problemB. Expert crisisC. High costD. Customer interactions64. What can not be interred from the passage about the machine learning?A.Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.B.Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.。
青浦区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷 高三英语试卷(加答案)
Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say ___21___ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitch en sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before ___22___（die）from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally ___23___（confess）to the crime.___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see som e dirty mars?“That's all you,”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell.“That’s biological information.”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from ___25___ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, ___26___ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an ___27___（early）study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who ___28___（use）a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have touched. They could prove ___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?Section BDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatThe NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a richdeposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to de determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）. Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）. And while a great deal of time was dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods. By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War Ⅱ. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty CitiesWater covers 71% of Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water. ___41___ on this limited resources is rising, a trend likely to continue.It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who ___42___ water. Agriculture, industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh water is ___43___ for agriculture, but locally in heavily irrigated（灌溉）areas this can increate to 90%. A healthy environment also requires fresh water, and the quality of available water is as important as its ___44___.Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas. ___45___ for water resources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.Every thirsty city operates within its own context, ___46___ to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies. Cape Town, ___47___, has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the ___48___ of its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37% full—in the same week four years before they were full to the top. In January 2018, it was ___49___ that Cape Town would reach Day Zero, when it would be forced to turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half, from 1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres, and working ___50___ with industry and agriculture to reduce demand.On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day. ___51___, in Britain thisis considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycle on full load.In addition, a ban was placed on using ___52___ water for gardens, water management devices were installed at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city launched a media ___53___ to change habits and introduced higher duties. This is not without its costs; agriculture and tourism, both significant areas of employment, have ___54___. It is a classic example of the problem of water economics-the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm. The ___55___ of Day Zero must serve as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future.41. A. Impact B. Pressure C. Impression D. Observation42. A. recycle B. waste C. consume D. apply43. A. restored B. abstracted C. separated D. preserved44. A. change B. source C. origin D. volume45. A. Competition B. Protection C. Construction D. Regulation46. A. contributing B. regarding C. responding D. referring47. A. in addition B. for example C. on the contrary D. as a result48. A. prospect B. illustration C. symptom D. security49. A. reported B. presented C. predicted D. explained50. A. respectively B. increasingly C. restrictively D. extensively51. A. By comparison B. In other words C. To our surprise D. What’s more52. A. feasible B. drinkable C. inevitable D. influential53. A. campaign B. statement C. presentation D. advertisement54. A. invaded B. liberated C. suffered D. proceeded55. A. change B. theory C. record D. threatSection B(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects, “Bridge of Terabithia” is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson’s award-winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents and a talent for drawing. An introverted(内向的) kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes, a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature, like someone close to the pain of being different,fascinated in tiny, perfect details.With strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be surprised at the sorr ow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other words, your children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly.Consistently smart and delicate as a spider web, “Bridge to Terabithia” is the kind of children’s movie rare ly seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and art from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.56. The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.A. lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB. looked down on their individual realitiesC. formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD. wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57. Which of the following words is most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph 4)?A. criticizedB. ignoredC. delightedD. shocked58. The two children most likely ________.A. skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB. created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC. disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD. won against the bullies at school with strong performances59. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A. The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B. The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.D. Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.(B)A hot air balloon is madeup of 3 main parts:The EnvelopeThewhich holds the airThe BurnerThe unit which pushes theheat up into the envelopeThe BasketWhere the passengers andpilot standThe basis of how the balloon works is that warmer air rises in cooler air. This is because hot air is lighter than cool air as it has less mass per unit of volume. Mass can be defined by the measure of how much matter something contains. The actual balloon has to be large as it takes a large amount of heated air to lift it off theground.The burner uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air. The pilot must keep firing the burner at regular intervals throughout the flight to ensure that the balloon continues to the stable. Naturally, the hot air will not escape from the hot at the very bottom of the envelop as firstly, hot air rises and secondly, the floating power keeps it moving up.To move the balloon upwards, the pilot opens up the propane value which lets the propane flow to the burner which in turn frees the flame up into the envelope. It works in much the same way as a gas grill: the more you open the valve, the bigger the flame to beat the air and the faster the balloon rises.The “Parachute Valve” at the very top of the balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down towards the ground. It is a circle of fabric cut out of the top of the envelop which is controlled by a rope which runs down through the middle of the envelope to the basket. If the pilot wants to bring the balloon down, he or she simply pulls on the rope which will open the valve, letting hot air escape, decreasing the inner air temperature. This cooling of air causes the balloon to slow its rise.The pilot can operate horizontally by changing the vertical position of the balloon because the wind blows in different directions at different altitudes. If the pilot wants to move in a particular direction, he or she simply arises and falls to the appropriate level and rides with the wind.60. The purpose of this article is to __________.A. explain how hot air balloons workB. illustrate why hot air balloons are usefulC. describe hot air balloons’ structureD. inform readers about how hot air balloons are made61. What would happen if the “Parachute Valve” could not be released after it was opened?A. The inside of the balloon would continue to heat up.B. The balloon would climb up more rapidlyC. The self-sealing valve would need to take over the role of the Parachute Valve.D. The balloon would begin to move down more rapidly.62. Which of the following skills or knowledge would be the most useful to a balloon pilot?A. The ability to sew the panels of fabric together to make a balloon.B. An understanding of how propane gas is manufactured.C. A knowledge of the background of passengers who are travelling in the balloon.D. A knowledge of air currents and wind directions in the area where he is piloting the balloon.(C)The surface of Venus has never seemed very hospitable. Temperatures change around 470°C(900°F), the result of a runway greenhouse effect, and the pressure of its atmosphere, thick with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid(硫酸), is some 90 times that of Earth’s. Lead(铅) would flow like water on Venus, and water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.Now NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty landscape: active volcanoes. L ast week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus and the most dramatic images ever made of its surface. The picture offer the best evidence to date that a planet once assumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.The most amazing image is of Venus’s second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises 8km(5 miles) . Most of the planet’s many peaks, including 9.5-km-(6-mile-) high Maxwell Montes, look bright in the radar pictures Magellan takes from its orbit above the permanent could cover. That means they are strong reflectors of radar waves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the Stealth bomber, it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.This interesting fact, say project scientists, is a strong hint that the mountains has recently been covered with lava(熔岩). Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather quickly in the hot , chemically reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide(硫化铁). It is this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn’t have any, it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps within the past few years.Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑). That would be easy to explain on a Planet like Earth, where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion. But while there is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flow. Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows, including domelike upwellings and hardened streamed of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There are also signs of other geologic activities, including dramatic faulting and several d istinct incidents of mountain building. But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years ago. The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but Magellan, which is now well into its second complete survey of the pla net’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.63. Which of the following has NO possibility to be found on Venus now?A. Carbon dioxideB. Sulfuric acidC. Liquid waterD. Active volcanoes64. The scientists believe that _________ shows up easily on radar.A. geological changeB. iron sulfideC. mountain mineralD. lava flow65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.B. The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flowsC. Streams of rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can be seen on EarthD. Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomenon.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.B. There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.C. Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.D. Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus’ surface.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentence can beNowhere To Hide:What Machines Can Tell From Your FaceThe human face is a remarkable piece of work. 67 So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.68 In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet,obviously transform human abilities. 69 Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.70 Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sport TourismTourism is the world’s largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come. Incre asingly, the economic importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world. At the same time, the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development and marketing new forms of tourism. One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel related to sport and physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel. It is generally recognized that three are three broad categories of sport tourism. The first category. Watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism includes hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic games. Tournament sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of thespectator-centered sector of sport tourism.The second type of sport tourism, celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famous sports-related attractions. Visits of the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another form of celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise industry has been experienced in this area. Sports theme cruise such as “the NBA basketball cruise” arrange for passengers to meet personalities from sports while on board.Active participation is the third category of sports tourism. This is composed of individuals who travel to participate in golf, skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.第II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。
【高三英语试题精选】上海市青浦区2018届高三上学期期末质量抽查考试英语试卷
上海市青浦区2018届高三上学期期末质量抽查考试英语试卷上海市青浦区16小题，25-80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
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第I卷 (105分)I Listening prehensionSection ADirections In Section A you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard1 A 640B 6sized dog has the same ecological 41 as driving 10,000 km a year in a 46 liter limousine Calculating that modern house pet 42 through about 164 kg of meat and 95 kg of cereals a year, the Vales estimated the ecological footprint of cats and dogs, based on the amount of land needed to gropet food “There are no recipes in the book,” Robert Vale said, 43 , in a telephone intervie“We’re not actually saying it is time to eat the dog We’re just saying that we need to think about and knothe ecological impact of some of the things we do and that we take for granted” With pets’ diets under the control。
上海市青浦区2018届高考一模英语试卷 含答案
2018届上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分）I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short ConversationsDirections. In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.2. A. In a clinic. B. In a cinema.C. In an electronics store.D. In a bookstore.3. A. A salesperson. B. A pilot. C. A waitress. D. A firefighter.4. A. To work in July. B. To print a form.C. To go back to school.D. To take a vocation.5. A. He dropped his phone. B. He hates long-distance calls.C. His call got cut off.D. His mobile is too long.6. A. He is consulting. B. He is arguing with the woman.C. He is complaining.D. He is giving advice.7. A. People are waiting at the automatic ticket machine.B. The man will not stay in line for the tickets.C. The woman will exchange tickets at the machine.D. They are waiting in line buying tickets for a movie.8. A. She has confidence in her job. B. She has just got a job promotion.C. She is excited to see the man.D. She will make greater efforts.9. A. Find a paper in the copy machine.B. Fill out an application form.C. Show her library card.D. Sit at the table next to her.10. A. The posters are not as good as the stalls.B. The stall could have been more amazing.C. The charity event was a copy of the past.D. She was having hearing problems.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To show one’s love. B. To comfort someone.C. To identify an old friend.D. To congratulate someone.12. A. France. B. America. C. China. D. Britain.13. A. A comparison between the west and the east.B. People hug each other for many reasons.C. The French is a nation fond of hugging.D. A study on IQ and hugs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.12. A. To save time for laws to take effect.B. To weaken the government’s check.C. To give himself more power.D. To change the country’s political system.13. A. A category. B. A measurement.B. An activity. D. An airport.14. A. The major industrial growth. B. The number of people at the airport.C. The side effect of an emergency.D. The unhealthy level of pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.15. A. Aging process. B. A talk show.C. Job hunting.D. Work pressure.16. A. He will be in a talk show in the afternoon.B. He used to be an actor but now a manager.C. He noticed the woman was under stress long ago.D. He suggests the woman do something different.17. A. Hungry. B. Exhausted. C. Energetic. D. Relaxed.18. A. The woman feels stressed because she is aging.B. The woman feels sick, so she doesn,t want to have lunch.C. Payday makes the woman feel better despite the great pressure.D. The man was happy that he was not given the job he applied for II. Grammar and vocabulary II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprise test. After hearing that, all students ____21____ (seat) and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text____22_____ (face) down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students’ were confused to see there was not a question ____23_____just a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students’ face expression and told them, “I want you to write about what you see there.”The students were even __24__ (confused) but started the test by then. At the end of the class,. the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot, ___25______ position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, "Don't worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here ___26______ focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life. ___27___ our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like healthissues, problems in relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small compared with___28___ we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we ___29______ try to take eyes off our problems and enjoy each moment that life _____30____ (give) us. Be happy and live the life positively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I .boosts J.visible K.seeminglyHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen ___31______to bad product placement (产植入）.Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement ___33______ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员）might think of something that _34— the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been —35— about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n)___36______supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, and then the deal, ____37___with money, works well. Someone from a manufacturer's marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) _38_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 39— casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself ___40___. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows ——even games and music.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense — those for the military, forexample, were originally____41_____to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in ____42_____ chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing____43_____ on their role in mirroring the image of an organiza tion and in uniting the workforce, particularly in “customer facing” industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “___44______ clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors (大使），’’ says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance.” From being a simple means of ___45___ who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through____46_____ images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colors give a sense of ____47_____ while lighter color shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism (守旧），while others a sense of___48______ to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear ____49____, everybody can’t look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of color, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always ____50_____. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 ____51_____for 85% of total sales 一£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to___52______two key sets of needs. On the one hand, no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, it is ___53______ if the look doesn't express the business's marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customers will assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few seconds will____54_____ their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to____55_____ years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.41. A. intended B. tended C. extended D. attended42. A. statue B. stability C. status D. statistics43. A. preference B. argument C. compliment D. emphasis44. A. cooperate B. political C. corporate D. academic45. A. exposing B. identifying C. qualifying D. requesting46. A. studio B. audio C. visual D. casual47. A. clarity B. authority C. availability D. accessibility48. A. exposure B. rejection C. reluctance D. openness49. A. stable B. uniform C. innovative D. similar50. A. smooth B. disagreeable C. objective D. complex51. A. exchange B. call C. stand D. account52. A. establish B. balance C. neglect D. desert53. A. pointless B. significant C. useful D. careless54. A. maintain B.shape C. draw D. value55. A. commit B. command C. dedicate D. investSection CDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)St Kilda is a tiny archipelago (群岛）of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St kildans attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans5 way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to' base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (撤离），of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.56. According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildans seeking help from outside EXCEPT______________.A. unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health57. After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they .A. soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB. had trouble adapting to the value of dominant society.C. exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D. had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.58. Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A. The major source of food was found locally.B. It was essential for people to help each other.C. Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D. Money played an insignificant role in life.59. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The role of money in modem communities.B. How a community adapted to a different form of life.C. The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D. How a small community fight against opposite conditions.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S: •This product contains small parts that arc for adult assembly (组装）only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.•Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.•Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothingwhile using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.•Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.•Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.•Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:•Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device •Allowing more than two riders •Pushing the user from the back •Traveling at an unsafe speed•Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.•Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should______________________.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. make sure kids are not presentD. start from underneath the car61. According to the text, it is safer to______________________.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. wear loose clothes while driving61. Where can you probably find the text?A. In an official report.B. In a medical journal.C. In a physics textbook.D. In a product handbook.(C)In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes，how have Japan’s tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings 一500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings — remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries，many attributed the resilience (抗震’性）of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda —hanging loosely down。
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编----语法填空--学生版(已校对)
Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. ―While s ome complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,‖ said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can‘t just walk away or put your colleagues‘ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don‘t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others‘ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. ―Listen to the whiners actively,‖ said HR Li. ―Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to impr ove the situation.‖Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. ―I let them talk about their opinions,‖ she said, ―They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.‖But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. ―I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.‖ he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. ―The real problem is that the whiners don‘t feel they are being taken seriously,‖ said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. ―(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually di sappear.‖Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Norway is Teaching Travelersto TravelAfter 15 people died during Easter in 1967, the Norwegian Trekking Association and the Red Cross announced their campaign ‗Welcome to the mountains, but be responsible‘. Fjellvettreglene, the ‗mountain code‘(21) ______ encourages people to have a healthy and respectful relationship with nature, has since become a crucial part of Norwegian culture. It includes points such as bringing necessary equipment (22) ______ (assist) yourself and others, seeking shelter if necessary and feeling no shame in turning around.Nationally, Norway (23) ______ (experience) an 11% increase in tourism in the past decade. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain, (24) ______ (see) 1,800 visitors in one 2017 day alone. Why? Because people want the same picture they see on Instagram and Facebook. A lot don‘t care about the experience of the hike. They just want proof (25) ______ they did it.But, while good for the economy, this tourism boom has become a threat (26) ______ Norway‘s natural environment.Used toilet paper, (27) ______ (abandon) tents and plastic bottles can be found littered all around Trolltunga. And with the high amount of people who come unprepared for such an active hike, Norway‘s leading hiking group, Friluftsliv, also has called for regulations on the number oftourists (28) ______ (hike) to Trolltunga. Lasse Heimdal, leader of the outdoor organization said, ―On a busy day, you may have to wait in line for an hour and a half just to get a picture. To control this, we‘d like to regulate (29) ______ _____ people can hike in a day. Starting hike times should also have regulations so people don‘t start too late and find (30) ______ stuck up here.‖Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur (创业者). She won the 2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, (21) _____recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems— the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causingexcitement internationally (22)_______their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype(原型) for a flashlight (23)_______(power ) by the heat of one‘s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski‘ goal was (24)________(offer) a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.― I‘m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school (25)_________ she couldn‘t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,‖Makosinski explained.―I‘ve always been interested in doing sc ience projects, so I thought, why don‘t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?‖The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side (26)______（heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light for 20 minutes, (27)______（use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators? ― Start now. There (28)________be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high scho ol think ‗ Oh, I‘m a student. I just need to study.‘ (29)________may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do (30)_______you want. Just go ahead.‖II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Developing Competent TeachingNations that have greatly improved their students‘achievements, such as Finland, Korea, Singapore, and others, attribute much of their success to their focused investments in teacher preparation and development. (21) (Create) a system that can routinely hire and prepare teachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (竞技场) in which the United States (22) (fall) behind the most. Although there are some great teachers in every community, the landscape of the supports for quality teaching looks like Swiss cheese. In some states, the holes are smaller, and in others they are bigger. Nor in no case is there a fully (23) (develop) system of instructional support even remotely comparable to that in high-achieving nations. And of course, as we have seen, the system is the weakest in communities (24) students‘ needs are greatest.Some have argued that the answer to weak teaching in the United States id to eliminate ―barriers‖ to teaching, such as teacher education and certification requirements, allow anyone who wants to teach into the classroom, and fire those who prove not to be effective. Although the interest in teaching effectiveness is important, this approach does not offer strategy (25) (ensure) thatteachers will have opportunities to gain the knowledge and skills they need in order to be effective, or that all schools will have the resources to attract and hire the best teachers. (26) does it protect the students in low-income schools, who will be the victims of unprepared and inexperienced teachers in the years until these teachers have demonstrated their incapability and left the field.A regulation (27) (focus) on easy access and easy firing ignores the question of how to develop widespread teaching skills and ensure a strong supply of highly able teachers for schools.(28) such supply, principals will be unable to hire strong teachers even if they are free to hire whomever they are pleased with, and, evidence shows that schools are likely to fire weak teachers, (29) they feel they won‘t be able to replace them. Even if they do, there is little guarantee that the quality of teaching (30) (improve). although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluation practices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, a theory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticks alone leaves the development of teaching abilities to chance.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Grasshopper in Van Gogh PaintingArt conservators(管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secrets in themasterpieces they look after. Rarely do they expect to find a deadgrasshopper.Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh‘s Olive Trees, when it (22)_______ (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.It was spot ted by Mary Schafer. She told a local broadcaster that she found it in the work‘s lower foreground. ―(23)_______(look) at the painting with the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.―We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with the wind, the bugs, and then he‘s got to walk back to his studio through the fields. What‘s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)_______ the insect landed in the paint.‖Schafer said they were curious to know if the grasshopper could be studied (26)_______(far) to possibly identify which season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)_______(examine) the grasshopper further. He discovered that part of the insect‘s body was missing and there was no sign of movement in the surrounding paint. In other words, it was already dead (28)_______ it som ehow landed on the artist‘s wet canvas and could not be used for dating purposes.Van Gogh painted Olive Trees in 1889, the year after his falling out with his friend Gauguin, (29)_______ may have led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear.The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museum visitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)_______ they can spot the dead insect.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankHonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so I thought.I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科). Mr. McMahon（21）in when his body was found very swollen（浮肿的）. I took a medical history （22）his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance. She'd been his main career for years. I stood （23）(look) at him as she gave a detailed history. "Has he lost any weight recently?" I asked, "Well, it's funny you should mention that, but yes." She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. "Why? What are you worried about?" she asked. She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told (24) the truth. "Well, we need to prove it's not cancer." I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later, a nurse called me: "Mr. McMahon's daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer." My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed (25) he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. "Why on earth did you do that?" she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. "She asked me what I was worried about and I told her." I said, hanging my head. "And give her more (26) (worry) about?" replied my consultant. "You don't say the word 'cancer' until it's confirmed. (27)you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people."(28) it turned out, it wasn't cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in (29) they hear－and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I'd made the situation (30) (bad).II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Different background shouldn‘t mean less education. Fifty years ago, in a primary school classroom, two boys aged 11 took an examination called the 11-plus,(21)______would make decisions about the rest of their lives. Paul passed and went to a ―grammar school‖. Baz failed the examination and went to a ―secondary modern school‖. They did not see each other again for years.Many grammar schools(22)______(establish) hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families. They encouraged students to study (23)______they were 18 and then to go to university. Secondary modern school students left at 16, usually with fewer qualifications than grammar school students. Baz says the secondary modem school had(24)______(few)resources and the quality of teaching was not as good.Things have changed. In the 1960s and the 1970s ―comprehensive schools‖were created. Today, 90 percent children aged 11 to 16 from the same area to the same school without(25)______(take) any entry examination.The British often disagrees about the best way(26)______(educate) their children. Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody(27)______similar opportunities in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially(28)______from poor homes are better supported at grammar schools. Now, the government plans to open new grammar schools(29)______ ______almost two million children will go to the same type of school that Paul attended.And Paul and Baz? Aged 60, they met again and compared (30)______had happened to them. After university, Paul qualified as a teacher. Baz went to work in a factory at 16 and later became an engineer. In fact, Baz had a much higher salary than Paul--so perhaps life is fair after all.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Today, Mandatory(强制的) recycling is a hard sell in the United States, where the economy runs largely along free market lines and the current landfilling waste remains inexpensive and efficient.Plain and simple, recycling still costs more than landfilling in most places. This fact, (21)______(couple) with the disappearance of the so-called ―landfill crisis‖ of the mid-1990s,means that recycling has not caught on, which runs (22)______ some environmentalists‘ wishes.However, many cities have found ways to recycle economically. They have cut costs by automating sorting and processing. They‘ve also found profitable markets for the recyclables(可回收物) (23)______ cast-off items are acceptable or even welcome. Increased efforts by green groups (24)______(educate) the public about the benefits of recycling have also helped.(25)______ ______ ______ uneconomical recycling seems to some people, some cities, such as Pittsburgh, San Diego and Seattle, have made recycling mandatory. In these cities, recyclables are banned from both household and business garbage. Families (26)______ recycle all basic recyclables, such as paper, cardboard, glass and plastic. To businesses with garbage containers ―polluted‖ with more than 10 recyclables，warnings (27)______(issue). If they fail to take action, fines are expected.New York, a national leader on recycling, decided to stop its least cost-effective recycling programs (plastic and glass) in 2002. But rising landfill costs ate up the $39 million savings expected.As a result, the city brought back plastic and glass recycling and committed to a 20-year contract with a recycling firm, Hugo Neu Corporation, which built the (28)______(advanced) recycling facility in the country.The company focuses on (29)______could cut costs. Automation hasstreamlined the sorting process, and easy access to rail has cut both the environmental and transportation costs. The new deal and new facility have made recycling efficient for the city and its residents,(30)______(show) once and for all that responsibly-run recycling programs can actually save money, landfill space and the environment.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Star Giraffe Finally Gives BirthApril, a giraffe who became an Internet star after her pregnancy was broadcast online, has finally given birth, ending months of excitement for her audience.The live broadcast from Animal Adventure Park in Harpursville, the State of New York, began during the winter. (21) drew nearly five million viewers a day at its peak. Some viewers kept checking back, even after the period (22) _____ _____ April was expected to give birth had gone. Others became frustrated, questioning (23)she was really pregnant.Finally, (24)_____ April was pacing in her pen (畜栏) on April 15, two hooves (蹄) began to appear. After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25)_____ (look) around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tried to stand a few times but (26)_____ not. An hour later, it was (27)_____ its feet, walking around carefully. A spokesman for the animal park said the calf was a boy. ―After months of pregnancy, both mom and calf are doing fine,‖ said Jordan, the owner of Animal Adventure Park.People in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28)_____ (draw) will translate into an economic development for the area. Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially in recent years.Fortunately, there are already signs (29)_____ April‘s fame is breathing new life into the area. Dozens of families recently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30)_____ (find) it closed for the winter. A nearby hotel has booked more than 100 reservations for a package that includes admission to the park when it reopens in May.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Recreational Vehicles (房车): On the RoadRecreational vehicles (RVs) are a typically American invention. Nationally, sales rose to 430,000 units last year, a 40-year high. At the inexpensive end, they sell for as little as $5,000 for a caravan (大篷车); deluxe versions cost up to $1,000,000 and are typically equipped with a bedroom,kitchen and bathroom that are bigger than ones in many European flats. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21)_ (rise) by 43% and 17%, respectively so far.That is a big change. During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental R V, R V dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22)(leave) servingtheNewY orkmetropolitanarea. Mr. Troianoisontrack(23) (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. The current rebound ( 反弹) ismostly(24) the economy‘s recovery, but it also springs from the fact that new typesof customer are embracing thelifestyle.A decade ago, the average age of an RV-owner was 49, and over 90% were white, says Kevin Broom of the Recreational V ehicle Industry Association (RVIA), which doesn‘t indicate a brightfuture. Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants,(25)are keen toexperiencelong, self-planned road trips in America. Mr. Troiano‘s most recent big sale wasto(26)richAsian family.The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales — last year less than 1% of R Vs produced domestically (27)(ship) to foreign markets —may improve, too. China‘sgovernment, for example, has planned to build 2,000 campgrounds by 2020, up from an estimated 300 today, in a bid to promote domestic tourism, particularly to remote rural regions. Chinese firms such as Y utong Bus make RVs, but not of the quality that many Chinese want. The country imported 1,000 vehicles last year, over half of themAmerican.R V manufacturers are also marketing theconcept(28)their motor homescanbe commercial as well as leisure vehicles.They(29)allow travelling salesmen,businessmento save on food and hotelcosts. (30)you park it, it can be your office, as well as yourhome.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.At first glance, these impressive images look like moment captured by a talented photographer. But you cannot always believe what you see. These pictures, with their incredible photographic details, are in fact the creations (21)_______ (draw) by Scottish hyper-realist Paul Cadden.With often nothing more than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artist produces elaborate drawings that could easily (22)______ (mistake) for the work of any modern digital camera. From the wrinkles on a woman‘s face and beads of water, to a breath of smoke from a cigarette, Cadeenis able to capture (23)______ (complicated) features of his subjects in such painstaking detail that the images look astonishingly real.Cadden said he began drawing at a very young age and has always been interested in art. With some experience in animation and graphic design, he moves into hyper-realism (24)______ he has a special gift for capturing details.His creations reflect his love for details, with a single image (25)______ (take) up to six weeks to produce. Working with pencil, graphite and white chalk, Cadden is able to create seven poster-size pieces a year, (26)_____ sell for up to $5,000 each.The artist explained that he does not want people to focus completely on the techniques involved in his pieces. ―I want them to think about the work and (27)_______ I‘m actually drawing,‖ he said, ―Iprefer to study the internal aspect of the subject (28)______ _______ focus solely on the external part.‖Now, Cadden is planning to take his pieces to more foreign countries, and to hold exhibitions in China, Cuba and Brazil. He hopes to get established enough(29)______ (make) a living from his work. ―I want to be doing lots of exhibitions in five years‘ time. To have a successful solo show is a long-cherished dream of mine,‖he said. ―It‘s such a fantastic feeling (30）______ somebody buys your paintings and you know the paintings are sitting somewhere in their houses.‖II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to seethe cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don‘t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In our busy lives, family is what we (26)________ be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________ ________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is the one week a year I don‘t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week is that everyone is having a great timeSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.。
2018上海高三英语一模汇编：完形填空
2018届高三英语一模汇编——完形填空1、2018黄浦一模Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Could Buying Paintings Make You Rich?Is investing in paintings a good way to get rich fast?And how should you invest in art?“With extreme__41__”is the advice of Patrick Connolly,a financial adviser.“We don’t__42__our customers to invest in art because the downsides are greater than the upsides.It doesn't produce income or earnings.What you__43__ is exclusively based on supply and demand,and there are big movements upwards or downwards if there are changes in the economic environment,”he said.To invest in art as a true investment,you need a starting fund of at least$5,000.But it’s not just about having enough__44__to buy the painting in the first place.Expensive works of art are often stored in protective boxes complete with detectors to monitor humidity and temperature levels,and to protect them from sun damage or other__45__such as a spilled cup of coffee.And if you do put it on your wall,then your insurance costs are likely to be high.If word gets out that you have expensive art hanging on your wall,then you're likely to be a__46__for thieves.Art is also not a regulated investment so when things go wrong–for example,an artwork turns out to be a fraud(赝品)–then investors cannot fall back on__47__for any repayment.Of course given the current environment of low interest rates,that's still a(n)__48__return than many savings accounts will give you.As art has no association to the stock market,it means paintings can__49__in value even when the market crashes,making it a good option for investment__50__.It is reported that after a decrease in the global art market throughout2016,auction(拍卖)sales__51__in the first six months of2017.Yet you don't necessarily have to be super-wealthy to invest in art.There are a growing number of art fairs and online marketplaces aimed at buyers with a more__52__budget.Most art industry experts suggest that you buy a piece of art because you like it,not because you want to get rich.The most__53__approach is probably to buy something you like and can__54__and,be prepared to keep it just for your own pleasure.If it goes up in value that should be just a(n)__55__benefit.41.A.accuracy B.carefulness C.enthusiasm D.generosity42.A.beg B.control C.forbid D.recommend43.A.get back B.look into C.take out D.turn to44.A.desire B.energy C.money D.time45.A.accidents B.appliances C.measures D.drinks46.A.partner B.spectator C.target D.therapy47.A.initiative B.regulation C.strategy D.tradition48.A.better B.earlier C.healthier D.lower49.A.fall apart B.fall down C.go ahead D.go up50.A.funds B.levels C.selections D.rates51.A.ceased B.proceeded C.recovered D.shrank52.A.fixed B.limited C.massive D.modest53.A.creative B.direct C.flexible D.sensible54.A.afford B.preserve C.transfer D.undertake55.A.added B.maximum C.obvious D.social答案：41--45BDACA46--50CBADC51--55CDDAACameron Buckner,assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Houston,argues in an article published in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research that a wide range of animal species exhibit so-called“executive control”when it comes to making decisions,__41__considering their goals and ways to satisfy those goals before acting.He acknowledges that language is__42__for some experienced forms of higher-order thinking,or thinking about thinking.But supported by a review of previously published research,Buckner__43__that a wide variety of animals—elephants,chimpanzees(黑猩猩),ravens(大乌鸦)and lions,among others—__44__reasonable decision-making.“These data suggest that not only do some animals have a subjective take on the suitability of the__45__they are evaluating for their goal,they possess a subjective,internal signal regarding their confidence in this take can be used to select among different options,”he wrote.The question has been__46__since the days of the ancient philosophers,as people considered what means to be human is.One way to address that,Buckner said,is to__47__exactly what sets humans apart from other animals.Language remains a key difference between animals and humans,and Buckner notes that serious__48__in the 1970s and80s to teach animal’s human language—teaching chimpanzees to use sign language,__49__—found that although they were able to express simple ideas,they did not engage in__50__thought and language structures.Ancient philosophers relied upon unreliable__51__to study the issue,but today’s researcher conduct complicated controlled experiments.Buckner,working with Thomas Bugnyar and Stephan A.Reber,mental biologist at the University of Vienna,last year__52__the results of a result that determined ravens share at least some of the human ability to think abstractly about other minds,__53__their behavior by attaching their own observations to others.In his latest paper,Buckner offers several examples to support his__54__.His goal,Buckner said,was to organize experimental research,“to see that we’re gathered enough evidence to say that animals really are__55__in a unique way.”41.A.secretly B.unintentionally C.scarcely D.consciously42.A.required B.qualified C.acquired D.prepared43.A.concerns plains C.conclude D.convinces44.A.turn down B.engage in C.refer to D.argue about45.A.option B.scheme C.regulation D.random46.A.dismissed B.ignored C.debated D.answered47.A.evaluate B.determine C.overlook D.initiate48.A.results B.successes C.achievements D.attempts49.A.for example B.this is to say C.on the contrary D.as a result50.A.obvious B.feasible C.private plex51.A.mystery B.tradition C.evidence D.fiction52.A.substituted B.published C.reflected D.maintained53.A.adapting B.symbolizing C.investigating D.revenging54.A.agreement B.implement C.requirement D.argument55.A.passionate B.reasonable C.confused D.ridiculous答案：41--45DACBA46--50CBDAD51--55CBADB8Artists have long claimed alcohol and other drugs as inspiration for their creativity.But is there really a(n)__41__ between intoxication(醉酒)and inspiration?A recent study published in Consciousness and Cognition explored the effects of moderate drunkenness on people’s creativity.The authors suggest that alcohol’s well-known effect in__42__ executive function may be helpful for these types of creation problems:”Sometimes a reduced ability to__43__one’s attention can have positive implications for select cognitive tasks,”they write.The findings raise the question of whether drugs that__44__attention and focus,in particular,stimulants(兴奋剂), would have the opposite effect on creative thinking__45__,very little research has been done on the issue,and what results exist so far have been mixed.The outcomes may well vary according to individual__46__to the drugs.__47__, some research has found that while stimulants can__48__test performance for those who are less intelligent,for the smartest folks,the drugs can have the opposite effect.If less executive function is linked to more creativity,this may also explain why artists,writers and musicians appear to be more__49__to have an addiction.Perhaps creative people are more likely than others to be__50__to drugs in the first place,as a possible source of inspiration.And then,if reduced executive function is__51__in part for their initial talent,this,too,could make them more easily influenced by__52__once they start using.Having less executive control before you even take drugs means you’ll have less ability to stop once you start.Whatever the real relationship between drunkenness,addiction and art,the authors__53__that their study findings don’t give people__54__to get drunk to“inspire the muse(冥想).”Co-author Jennifer Wiley,associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Chicago,told the British Psychological Society’s Research Digest:”We tested what happens when people are slightly drunk-not when people drank to__55__.There could be no argument from these findings that drinking excessively would have the same effects.”A glass of wine or two,however,may occasionally help.41.A.attraction B.reservation C.connection D.decoration42.A.strengthening B.damaging C.maintaining D.Assessing43.A.block B.reduce C.disturb D.control44.A.remain B.drop C.shift D.increase45.A.However B.Moreover C.Instead D.Therefore46.A.Additions B.responses C.oppositions D.contrasts47.A.For example B.On the contrary C.As a result D.On the otherhand48.A.conceal B.executive C.improve D.delete 49.A.vital B.likely C.ideal D.difficult 50.A.AttractedB.contributedC.respondedD.withdrawn 51.A.responsible B.illegal C.natural D.impossible 52.A.confusion B.Ambition C.Addiction D.exhaustion53.A.lower B.monitor C.function D.caution54.A.sacrifice B.privacy C.Appreciation D.license55.A.priorities B.extremes C.bottom D.Affection答案：41--45CBADA46--50BACBA51--55ACDDB12、2018静安一模The sights,sounds,and smells of the modern marketplace are rarely accidental.More likely,they are tools of an evolving strategy of psychological marketing called“sensory marketing”to create an emotional association to a(n) __41__product or brand.By relating to people in a far more__42__way through everyone’s own senses,sensory marketing is able to affect people in a way that traditional mass marketing cannot.Traditional marketing believes that consumers will systematically consider__43__product factors like price, features,and utility.Sensory marketing,by contrast,seeks to resort to the consumer’s life experiences and feelings. Sensory marketing believes that people,as consumers,will act according to their emotional urge more than to their __44__reasoning.In this way,an effective sensory marketing effort can result in consumers choosing to buy a lovely but expensive product,rather than a plain but cheap__45__.In the past,communications with customers were mainly monologues—companies just‘talked at’consumers. Then they evolved into dialogues,with customers providing__46__.Now they’re becoming multidimensional conversations,with products finding their won voices and consumers responding__47__to them.Based on the implied messages received through five senses,consumers,without noticing it,tend to apply human-like personalities to brands,leading to intimate relationship and,hopefully for the brands,persistent__48__. And that’s the very thing brands are dying to foster in customers rather than instant trend or profits.Most brands are considered to have either“sincere”or“exciting”personalities.“Sincere”brands like IBM and Boeing tend to be regarded as conservative and reliable while“exciting”brands like Apple,and Ferrari are as imaginative and__49__.In general,the consumers tend to form__50__relationships with sincere brands than with exciting ones,this explains the relatively enduring history of the“Sincere Brands”.Certainly,with the eyes containing two-thirds of all the__51__cells in a person’s body,sight is considered the most important of all human senses.Sensory marketing uses sight to create a memorable“sight experience”of the product for consumers which extends to packaging,store interiors,and printed advertising to form a(n)__52__image for the brand.In other words,no aspects of a product design is left to__53__anymore,especially color.Brand acceptance is linked closely with the appropriateness of the colors on the brand—does the color__54__the product at all?If not, customers,though not realizing it themselves,will__55__the brands in all possible ways-sales,reputations,etc. Therefore,brands,isn’t it time now to study the new field of marketing?41.A.specific B.qualified C.average D.adequate 42.A.economic B.personal C.artificial D.mechanic43.A.obvious B.potential C.accessible D.concrete 44.A.imaginable B.objective C.psychological D.gradual 45.A.alternative B.reward C.sample D.exhibit pliment B.fund C.prospect D.feedback47.A.temporarily B.subconsciously C.occasionally D.attentively48.A.loyalty B.philosophy C.endurance D.regulationd B.daring C.steady D.classic50.A.far-fetched B.hard-won C.long-lasting D.easy-going51.A.individual B.sensory C.present D.general52.A.overall B.ambitious C.dramatic D.additional53.A.chance B.maintenance C.progress D.leadership54.A.accept B.overlook C.fit D.treat 55.A.shape B.punish C.signify D.exploit答案：41-45ABDBA46--50DBABC51--55BAACB13、2018青浦一模Travel,a home coming tourIn the UK travel is an enriching life experience that will make your resume stand out amongstother applicants. Travel is not simply a pursuit of__41__but also“character-b uilding”，“defining”and potentially“career-boosting”.Most of the people I know here at university__42__the desire to travel and escape the stresssurrounding us.But Idon’t think,as UK students,we can blame our addiction to international travel simply on a stressful life.Yes,Ihave a lotto handle and it’s a fine__43__act managing my part-time job,my degree and my social life to a perfect level.In a trulyopen world,we can get anywhere,see anything and experience every culture under the sun,at the click of a button,thepurchase of a__44__.Many people I met while working in China were surprised at the number of countries I’d travelled pared to friends and family I consider myself vastly__45__.I’ve never set foot across the pond in the U.S.A and Canada,let alone South America and even within Europe my checklist of destinations is far from__46__.I was also met by__47__at how little travelling I had done within my own borders.This was something I had not really considered before.How much of my own country had I really seen and experienced?To those from a place as vast and varied as China,Britain was really so__48__in comparison and so to have spent20years there and not seen every part of it was quite surprising.I had a conversation with a Chinese colleague over the reasoning behind our use of golden Cotswold stone,which sounds dull for most people.As a student of history,I found anything__49__fascinating.However it was not the stone within British cities I found interesting.What was curious was that it was something I had never even considered,and yet here was someone__50__on something I had simply taken for granted.We continued our discussion,yet I was left__51__that I could not answer her question.In China,as well as a wealth of new culture that fascinated me,I discovered that there were parts of the UK’s culture,history,the very structure of my identity that were so different,so unique from China that I also__52__a newly found interest in my own heritage.In this respect,travelling enables you with two things.Firstly you develop a(n)__53__with new cultures, understanding customs,experiencing cuisines and absorbing the sights and smells of every new city.For many employers this__54__to new locations is seen as tremendous in your personal resume.But alongside increased employability,through international,cross-cultural conversations,you develop an interest in your own history,culture, and customs.You return to your home__55__an understanding of other people’s fascination with it and your own sense of love for its peculiarities.41.A.leisure B.wealth pany D.personality42.A.question B.refuse C.detect D.experience43.A.balancing B.forcing C.judging D.disturbing44.A.course B.stamp C.diploma D.ticket45.A.under-stuffed B.under-travelled C.under-used D.under-expanded46.A.official B.vacant plete D.accurate47.A.excitement B.hatred C.astonishment D.disgust 48.A.youngB.beautifulC.remoteD.small 49.A.historical B.dramatic C.religious D.perfect 50.A.piledB.hookedC.reliedD.carried51.A.exhausted B.embarrassed C.puzzled D.convinced52.A.exchanged B.lost C.gained D.traded53.A.observation B.resolution C.fascination D.illustration54.A.relation B.preference C.agreement D.adaptability55.A.objecting to B.filled with C.bothered by D.searching for答案：41--45ADADB46--50CCDAB51--55BCCDB15、2018金山一模AlphaGo has struck again,defeating Ke Jie,the world’s number one Go player,3-0.After his defeat,the youngChinese prodigy said AlphaGo sees the__41__of Go while he could only see a small area around him.This win, coupled with last year’s victory over Lee Se-dol,shines a light on the awe-inspiring__42__of technology and places AlphaGo among the greatest Artificial Intelligence(AI)systems created to date.The AI industry is certainly making great advancements,constantly surprising the public with new and interesting tools and making life__43__.Twenty years ago,just connecting to the Internet was a__44__.Now,we can do just about anything on our phones,from online banking to__45__shows.The shifting sands of technology have placed so many paths in front of humanity that it is hard to__46__even the immediate future.We may talk about how AI can make our lives better,but we also consider the risks.Many stories and films__47__ around the theme of AI vs.human.One that comes to my mind now is The Terminator.The film is about an AI system called Skynet,which was__48__to protect humans.What the programmers did not expect was that Skynet began to think.It came to the conclusion that humans were a danger to its existence,so it started a global nuclear war and tried to “__49__”humanity.AlphaGo’s recent achievements highlight the__50__that technology and AI can bring about.They also serve to remind us of the__51__and risks we may not have had time to think about.Some of us used to__52__the possibility of creating an actual“thinking”AI system,or believe that humans will always be able to__53__an AI system,but certain facts have now been placed in front of us.All that’s left to be done is to__54__the actual“thinking”part of advanced AI systems like AlphaGo to more fields.Once that happens,human beings will be pretty much__55__.If we do not fully understand the risks of AI systems,we might be flying too close to the“sun”,and like Icarus in Greek mythology,we will fall.41.A.fun B.secret C.universe D.potential42.A.intelligence B.advancements C.risks D.threats43.A.easier B.slower C.harder D.faster44.A.mess B.headache C.loss D.leisure45.A.live B.instant C.immediate D.direct46.A.tell B.frame C.predict D.encounter47.A.reveal B.reverse C.resolve D.revolve48.A.processed B.modified C.introduced D.developed49.A.help B.isolate C.terminate D.investigate50.A.benefits B.possibilities C.signals D.incident51.A.questions B.tragedies C.treasures D.disasters52.A.analyze B.develop C.doubt D.preview53.A.outsmart B.overhead C.outnumber D.overtake54.A.adopt B.shrink C.adapt D.control55.A.intelligent B.powerful C.patriotic D.outdated答案：41-45CBABA46--50CDDCB51--55ACACD15。
2018年浦东新区高三英语一模试卷及答案
浦东新区2017 学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测试题高三英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（25 分）Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu（r创业者）. She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight 23 （power） by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 （o ffer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side 26 （heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 （use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR）B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms）D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag（e《神奇旅程》）. In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots（量子点）”，whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing（10 分）Directions：R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation（15 分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。
2018届上海市高三英语一模语法填空汇编——按考点
2018届上海市高三英语一模汇编——语法填空按语法点汇编冠词代词1.Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants,who are keen to experience long, self-planned road trips inAmerica. Mr. Troiano’s most recent big sale was to (26)__________ rich Asian family.上海市普陀区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型2.Starting hike times should also have regulations so people don’t start too late and find (30) ______ stuck uphere.”上海市黄浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型3.The live broadcast from Animal Adventure Park in Harpursville, the State of New York, began during thewinter. (21) _____drew nearly five million viewers a day at its peak.上海市崇明区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型4.My stepmother, grandmother, and I all read the same books. (27)________ is better than being able to sharethe tense moments, near misses, and happy endings while drinking a steaming cup of coffee together with someone.上海市宝山区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型5.Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybodywith similar opportunities in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially(28)________ from poor homes are better supported at grammar schools.上海市奉贤区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型6.There was silence for a few moments."Why? What are you worried about?"she asked. She was obviouslyvery involved in his care and it was only fair that I told (24)________the truth.”Well, we need to prove it's not cancer.”I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.上海市闵行区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型7.Some students at colleges or even in high school think", ‘Oh, I’m a student I just need to study.’29______may think it important to make friends and be social.上海市浦东新区区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型8.Kevin pulled (28) _________up to sit on the shore beside Ryan, who had followed his father’s path down theriver. “When I caught my breath, I realized I saved someone’s life, which is what I should do.” Kevin says.上海市青浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型9.“While some complaints might be reasonable, (23)______are taken from thin air. You need to see betweenthese different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).上海市虹口区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型10.The artist explained that he does not want people to focus completely on the techniques involved in hispieces. “I want them to think about the work and ___27____ I’m actually drawing,”上海市金山区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：1. a 2. themselves 3. It 4. Nothing 5. those 6. her 7. others 8. himself 9. other10. what(ever)/ all/ everything/something (此题可以看作宾语从句缺宾语，指物，用what,也可以看作是定语从句缺先行词，因为关系词作定语从句的宾语，可省去)介词1.Mr. Troianoison was on the track to sell more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. Thecurrent rebound (反弹) is mostly(24) the economy’s recovery,but it also springs from the fact that new types of customer are embracing the lifestyle.上海市普陀2018届高三英语一模语法新题型2.It wasn’t until a new expression-“noodle harassment（骚扰）”-- came out last year on social media that Japanesepeople started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable. (26) ______ a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork last month.上海市杨浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型3.After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, looking around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tried tostand a few times but could not. An hour later, it was (27)_____ its feet, walking around carefully.上海市崇明区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型4. A regulation focusing on easy access and easy firing ignores the question of how to develop widespreadteaching skills and ensure a strong supply of highly able teachers for schools. 28 such supply, principals will be unable to hire strong teachers even if they are free to hire whomever they are pleased with,上海市长宁区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型5.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24)________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.上海市松江区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型6.Writing about beliefs is hard. It makes you reach deep into your soul and truly look at what is there. Itrequires time and effort, and then hits you in the face and someone in the background says “Oh, why didn’t you think of that before?” Beliefs change, they mature and grow just (21)__________a child.上海市宝山区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型7.The British often disagrees about the best way to educate their children. Many people say that comprehensiveschools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody (27)_______similar opportunities in a fairer way.上海市奉贤区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型8.I had just started working in geriatrics（老年病科).Mr. Mcfahon was brought in when his body was foundvery swollen（浮肿的).I took a medical history (22)________his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance.上海市闵行区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型9.After five hits, the man coughed up water and began speaking incoherently. Just back to life, the man wasstill weak. Battling the current, Kevin sidestepped his way (27) _________the shoreline, repeatedly digging his shoes into the river’s rocky bottom.上海市青浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型10.This fact, coupled with the disappearance of the so-called “landfill crisis” of the mid-1990s, means thatrecycling has not caught on, which runs (22) ________some environmentalists’ wishes.上海市静安区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：1. due to/ owing to 2. As 3. on 4. Without 5. from 6. like 7. with 8. from 9. toward(s)/to10. against强调句7.It wasn’t until a new expression – “noodle harassment (骚骚)”-- came out last year on social media (25) ______Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.上海市杨浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：that情态动词1.R V manufacturers are also marketing the concept (28) that their motor homes can be commercial as well asleisure vehicles. They (29) allow travelling salesmen, businessmen to save on food and hotel costs.上海市普陀区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型2.“(23)Looking at the painting with the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered inthe paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.上海市徐汇区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型3.According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping (发出"哧溜"声) when eating noodles (23) is encouraged inJapanese culture. It’s believed that taking air into your mouth (24) ______ enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles.上海市杨浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型4.After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25) looking around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tried to stand a few times but (26)_____ not. An hour later, it was (27) on its feet, walking around carefully.上海市崇明区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型5.One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In our busy lives,family is what we (26) ________ be saving our money and time for.上海市松江区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型6.Her advice to other student innovators. “Start now. There (28) _____ be nothing holding you back. Somestudents at colleges or even in high school think", ‘Oh, I’m a student I just need to study.’上海市浦东新区区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型7.Kevin pulled (28) himself up to sit on the shore beside Ryan, who had followed his father’s path down theriver. “When I caught my breath, I realized I saved someone’s life, which is what I (29) _________do.”Kevin says.上海市青浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型8.In these cities, recyclables are banned from both household and business garbage. Families (26)_______recycle all basic recyclables, such as paper, cardboard, glass and plastic.上海市静安区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：1. can 2. must 3. can/may 4.could 5. should 6. can/shall/should 7. should 8. must 并列连词1.He couldn’t see anyone in the river, (24) _________he sped toward the bank and dashed into the freezingwater. About 150 feet from shore, he spied an object moving downriver.上海市青浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：so名词性从句1.On a busy day, you may have to wait in line for an hour and a half just to get a picture. To control this, we’dlike to regulate (29) __________ __________ people can hike in a day.上海市黄浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型2.We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with thewind, the bugs, and then he’s got to walk back to his studio through the fields. What’s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)__________ the insect landed in the paint.上海市徐汇区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型3.The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museumvisitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)__________ they can spot the dead insect.上海市徐汇区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型4.(28) __________is considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude inanother.上海市杨浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型5.April, a giraffe who became an Internet star after her pregnancy was broadcast online, has finally given birth,ending months of excitement for her audience........Some viewers kept checking back, even after the period during which April was expected to give birth had gone. Others became frustrated, questioning(23)__________she was really pregnant.上海市崇明区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型6.It made me realize the value of a vacation. To this day, I wonder (25) __________ that farmer ever managedto enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed.上海市松江区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型7.(30)__________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.上海市松江区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型8.And Paul and Baz? Aged 60, they met again and compared (30)__________had happened to them.上海市奉贤区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型9.By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots oftests and that it was by no means confirmed (25)__________ he had cancer.上海市闵行区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型10.But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimesselective in (29)__________they hear--and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this.上海市闵行区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型11.The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do (30)__________you want. Just go ahead.上海市浦东新区区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型12.“Listen to the whiners actively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (26)__________there areways to improve the situation.上海市虹口区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型13.The artist explained that he does not want people to focus completely on the techniques involved in hispieces. “I want them to think about the work and (27)__________ I’m actually drawing,” he said上海市金山区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型14. A lot don’t care about the experience of the hike. They just want proof (25) ______ they did it.上海市黄浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型15.RV manufacturers are also marketing the concept (28)_______their motor homes can be commercial as wellas leisure vehicles.上海市普陀区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型16.Fortunately, there are already signs (29) _____ April’s fame is breathing new life into the area. Dozens offamilies recently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30) to find (find) it closed for the winter.上海市崇明区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型17.“Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound,” says Kevin, now 42. “That’s (23) _________I realizedsomebody was in trouble.”上海市青浦区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型18.But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image andgive others the impression (25) ______you agree with them.上海市虹口区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型19.The company focuses on (29) _______could cut costs.上海市静安区2018届高三英语一模语法新题型答案：1. how many 2. how 3. if/whether 4. what 5. if/whether 6. how(动词后的宾语从句，根据后面说动物没有一天不需要喂养的，可知作者疑惑那个农民是如何成功度假的。
上海市青浦区高三上学期期末学业质量调研英语---精校解析Word版
青浦区高三期末学业质量调研测试高三英语(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10分)II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wayward Penguin(企鹅)Released South of New Zealand He needed a little push before speeding backward down a slide. Once in the water, he held his head up for one last look. And then he was gone. The wayward emperor penguin ___21___ (know) as “Happy Feet” was back home in Antarctic waters after a temporary stay in New Zealand.Happy Feet was released into the ocean south of New Zealand on Sunday, more than two months after he came ashore on a beach nearly 2,000 miles from home and became an instant celebrity. ___22___ (speak) from a satellite phone, Wellington Zoo veterinarian Lisa Argilla said Happy Feet’s rel ease went remarkably smoothly. Argilla said crew members from the boat carried the penguin inside his box to the rear part of the ship for his final send-off.___23___ when they opened the door of the box, the penguin showed no interest in leaving.“I needed to give him a little tap on his back,” Argilla said.The penguin slipped down the slide on his stomach, bottom first, she said. He resurfaced about 6 feet from the boat, ___24___ (take) a look up at the people aboard, and then disappeared beneath the surface.“I was really happy to see him go,” Argilla said. “The best part of my job is when you get to release animals back into the wild ___25___ they are supposed to be.”The 3-foot-tall bird was found on June 20 on Peka Peka Beach, about 40 miles northwe st of New Zealand’s capital, Wellington. It has been 44 years ___26___ an emperor penguin was last spotted in the wild in New Zealand.At first, conservation authorities said they would wait and let nature take its course with the penguin. But it soon beca me clear the bird’s condition was growing ___27___ (bad), as he swallowed sand and, likely mistaking it for snow.___28___ the world watching, authorities finally took action, moving the penguin to the Wellington Zoo four days after he was discovered. It was at the zoo ___29___ the bird was given a home in a room filled with a bed of ice so he wouldn’t overheat.Now that Happy Feet ___30___ (nurse) back to health, his chances are as good as they are for any other penguin in the wild.“He swam away, not caring about us anymore,” Argilla said.She paused.“And that is a good thing,” she said.【答案】21. known22. Speaking23. But 24. took25. where 26. since27. worse 28. With29. that 30. has been nursed【解析】本文讲述了一只叫做“快乐的大脚”的淘气帝企鹅觅食时迷路，它北漂千里至新西兰，在惠林顿动物园员工照料下“快乐的大脚”将会回到大自然的怀抱。
2018年上海市青浦区中考一模(上学期期末)英语试卷含详解
A. SinceB. AlthoughC. BecauseD. Unless
18.Martin was asked to finish his homework in time,____ his parents would punish him．
A. soB. forC. butD. or
19.﹣Excuse me,would you mind my opening the window?It's so stuffy（闷热）here．
﹣______.Please go ahead．
A. Never mind．B. You are welcome．
A．in life B．bottom C．cryingD．full of E．final
Then last year,my Grandpa died.Everybody was hurt.Everybody was___25___.My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our___26___good-bye to Grandpa.She asked me,"Do you know the most important body part yet,my dear?"I was surprised when she asked me this now.I always thought this was a game between her and me."This question is very important.It show that you have really lived your life,"she said.I saw her eyes___27___tears.She said,"My dear,the most important part is your shoulder."I asked,"Is it because it holds up your head？"She answered,"No,it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they cry.Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime___28___,my dear.I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it."
凯文老师,2018年上海高三高考英语一模试卷汇编(中译英1)
2018年上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 熬夜大大影响健康。
(affect)73. 等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。
(by the time)74. 从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。
(capable)75. 据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。
(It)Keys:72. Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.73. By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.74. In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.75. It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.2018年上海市黄埔区高三英语一模试卷V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 选举的结果很快便在全世界传播开了。
上海市青浦区2018届高三上学期期末质量调研(一模)英语试卷
青浦区2017学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷2017.12注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Much traffic. B. Inconvenient location.C. Living in town.D. Expensive vehicles.2. A. 5 pounds. B. 7 pounds.C. 8 pounds.D. 10 pounds.3. A. In a shopping mall. B. In a car showroom.C. At a car repair shop.D. At a parking lot.4. A. Whether the man has attended the conference.B. Whether the conference is successful.C. Whether the photos are ready.D. Whether the quality of the pictures is good.5. A. It is looked down upon. B. The room prices have dropped.C. The rooms are beyond the beach.D. It is over-crowded.6. A. Most people killed in traffic accidents are heavy drinkers.B. Innocent people are unlikely to be drunk drivers.C. Drivers run high risk of losing lives.D. The danger of drunk driving deserves much attention.7. A. Stay in bed. B. Go to a clinic.C. Buy some medicine.D. Go to a drugstore.8. A. Surfing the net. B. Watching a TV programme.C. Looking for a fashion site.D. Making a new dress.9. A. She liked the poor children on TV.B. She worked for the Hope Project.C. She felt obliged to donate.D. She hoped to be a millionaire.10. A. The man should consult his dancing teacher.B. The man should take other interesting courses.C. The man should continue his dancing class.D. The man should improve his dancing skills first.Section BDirections: In Section B，you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It can cultivate their love for music.C. It can control their shopping habits.B. It can reduce work pressure.D. It can encourage job creation.12. A. Fast music. B. Slow music. C. Rock music.D. Relating music.13. A. Background music has no effect.C. Muzak is a music supplier.B. Milliam experimented on traffic flow.D .Background music makes a difference.14. A. They support human life. B. They cure human diseases.C. They estimate species.D. They stop plant extinction.15. A. Polluting the environment. B. Destroying wildlife habitat.C. Organizing activities.D. Introducing new species16. A. To analyze the main causes of the disappearing of wildlife.B. To appeal to people to protect wildlife.C. To emphasize the importance of the earth.D. To describe different ways to stop pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She goes jogging. B. She exercises in the gym.C. She exercises at home.D. She goes swimming.18. A. Because she can’t fall asleep at night.C. Because of the weather condition.B. Because she can’t get up in the mor ning.D. Because of her tight schedule.20. A. How the woman stays healthy.C. How the woman loses weight.B. How the woman has a balanced diet.D. How the woman changes habits.19. A. Vegetables. B. Meat. C. Fish.D. Cakes.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Rescue in the RapidsON A BREEZY Saturday in April 2014, former police officer Kevin O’Connor and his son, Ryan, were standing in a park near the Fox River in Geneva, Illinois. As Kevin gazed at the river, he caughtsight of several people on the bank (21)_________(motion) toward the water. When he looked in thatdirection, he noticed a bright red boat turning in a spinning circle in the stormy water at the base of the Geneva Dam，300 feet away.Kevin assumed the person on the boat (22) _________ (jump) out of it. “Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound,”says Kevin, now 42. “That’s (23) _________I realized somebody was in trouble.”He couldn’t see anyone in the riv er, (24) _________he sped toward the bank and dashed into thefreezing water. About 150 feet from shore, he spied an object moving downriver. “I thought it was a lifejacket,” he says. “When I caught up to it, I realized it (25) _________ (attach) to a person.”Now in water up to his neck, Kevin grabbed the man, (26) _________was floating on his backunconscious, under both armpits and held his head above the surface. Kevin struck the man’s chest again and again. After five hits, the man coughed up water and began speaking incoherently. Just back to life,the man was still weak. Battling the current, Kevin sidestepped his way (27) _________the shoreline,repeatedly digging his shoes into the river’s rocky bottom. When he reached the bank, someone jumped into the river and helped Kevin lift the 200-pound drowning man over a six-foot brick retaining wall to waiting doctors, who took him away in an ambulance. The man recovered, but a friend who was boating with him died after being trapped underwater near the dam.Kevin pulled (28) _________up to sit on the shore beside Ryan, who had followed his father’s pathdown the river. “When I caught my breath, I realized I saved someone’s life, which is what I (29) _________do.” Kevin says.In December 2015, Kevin received an award from the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission. “Lots ofhonour-receivers lost their lives saving someone,” he says. “(30) _________ (put) in the same category is very humbling.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.How to Stick to Good Habits by Using the “2-Minute Rule”Most of the tasks that you procrastinate on (that is to say, you postpone doing what you should be doing,) aren’t actually difficult to do — you have the talent and skills to _____31____ them- you just avoid starting them for one reason or another. The 2-Minute Rule ____32_____ procrastination and laziness by making it so easy to start taking action that you can’t say no. It might sound like this strategy is too basic for your ____33_____ life goals, but I beg to differ. It works for any goal because of one simple reason: the_____34____of real life.As Sir Isaac Newton taught us a long time ago, objects at rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion. This is just as true for humans as it is for falling apples. Once you start doing something, it，s easier to ___35______ doing it. I love the 2-Minute Rule because it takes up the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started.The most important part of any new habit is getting started — not just the first time, but each time. It’s not about performance, it’s about ____36_____ taking action. In many ways, getting started is more important than succeeding. This is ____37_____ true in- the beginning because there will be plenty of time to improve your performance later on. The 2-Minute Rule isn’t about the results you achieve, but rather about the _____38____ of actually doing the work. I can，t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you. But, I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it.The problem with most articles you read, podcasts you listen to, or videos you watch is that you ____39_____ the information but never put it into practice. I want this article to be different.I want you to actually use this information, right now. What’s something you can do that will take you less than two minutes? Do it right now. Anyone can ____40_____ the next 120 seconds. Use this time to get one thing done.Go.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travel, a home coming tourIn the UK travel is an enriching life experience that will make your resume stand out amongst other applicants. Travel is not simply a pursuit of___41___ but also “character-building”，“defining” and potentially “career-boosting”.Most of the people I know here at university ___42__ the desire to travel and escape the stress surrounding us. But I don’t think, as UK students, we can blame our addiction to international travel simply on a stressful life. Yes, I have a lot to handle and it’s a fine___43___ act managing my part-time job, my degree and my social life to a perfect level. In a truly open world, we can get anywhere, see anything and experience every culture under the sun, at the click of a button, the purchase of a ___44____Many people I me t while working in China were surprised at the number of countries I’d travelled to. Compared to friends and family I consider myself vastly ___45___. I’ve never set foot across the pond in the U.S.A and Canada, let alone South America and even within Europe my checklist of destinations is far from____46___. I was also met by___47___at how little travelling I had done within my own borders. This was something I had not really considered before. How much of my own country had I really seen and experienced? To those from a place as vast and varied as China, Britain was really so ___48___in comparison and so to have spent 20 years there and not seen every part of it was quite surprising.I had a conversation with a Chinese colleague over the reasoning behind our use of golden Cotswold stone, which sounds dull for most people. As a student of history, I found anything___49____fascinating. However it was not the stone within British cities I found interesting. What was curious was that it was something I had never even considered, and yet here was someone___50____on something I had simply taken for granted.We continued our discussion, yet I was left___51___that I could not answer her question. In China, as well as a wealth of new culture that fascinated me, I discovered that there were parts of the UK’s culture, history, the very structure of my identity that were so different, so unique from China that I also___52____a newly found interest in my own heritage.In this respect, travelling enables you with two things. Firstly you develop a(n) ___53___with new cultures, understanding customs, experiencing cuisines and absorbing the sights and smells ofevery new city. For many employers this___54___to new locations is seen as tremendous in your personal resume. But alongside increased employability, through international, cross-cultural conversations, you develop an interest in your own history, culture, and customs. You return to your home___55___ an understanding of other people’s fascination with it and your own sens e of love for its peculiarities.41. A. leisure B. wealth C. company D. personality42. A. question B. refuse C. detect D. experience43. A. balancing B. forcing C. judging D. disturbing44. A. course B. stamp C. diploma D. ticket45. A. under-stuffed B. under-travelledC. under-usedD. under-expanded46. A. official B. vacant C. complete D. accurate47. A. excitement B. hatred C. astonishment D. disgust48. A .young B. beautiful C. remote D. small49. A. historical B. dramatic C. religious D. perfect50. A. piled B. hooked C. relied D. carried51. A. exhausted B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. convinced52. A. exchanged B. lost C. gained D. traded53. A. observation B. resolution C. fascination D. illustration54. A. relation B. preference C. agreement D. adaptability55. A. objecting to B. filled with C. bothered by D. searching forSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The Christmas of 1988, my husband and I had four children. Peter was eleven, Leigh-Ann nine, Laura six and Matthew only two. When Santa arrived, Matthew parked himself on Santa’slap and remained impressed greatly by him for the rest of the evening. Anyone who had their picture taken with Santa that Christmas also had their picture taken with little Matthew.Little did any of us know how precious those photos with Santa and Matthew would become. Five days after Christmas, our sweet little Matthew died in an accident. When our first Christmas without Matthew approached, it was hard for us to get into the holiday spirit.Then, on December 13, we were just finishing dinner when we heard a knock on the front door. When we went to answer it, no one was there. On the front porch was a card and gift. The gift-giver just wanted to help us get through a rough time by cheering us up with his or her name unknown, like a fairy.In the gift bag was a cassette of favorite Christmas music, which was in a little cardboard Christmas tree. We put the cassette in our player and, song by song, the spirit of Christmas began to warm our hearts, and the thoughtfulness of our “fairy，touched our hearts.That was the beginning of a series of gifts from the clever giver, one for each day until Christmas. Each gift followed the theme of “The Twelve Days of Christmas” in a creative way. The kids especially liked “seven swans a-swimming,” which was a basket of swan-shaped soaps plus passes to the local swimming pool. “Eight maids a-milking” included eight bottles of chocolate milk in glass bottles with paper faces. Every day was something very special.The ingenuity and thoughtfulness shocked us as we enjoyed each surprise. We were so caught up in the excitement and curiosity of what would possibly come next, that our grief didn’t have much of a chance to rob us of the spirit of Christmas. What our fairy did was absolutely miraculous.We give thanks for our fairy who was, we finally realized, our very own Christmas angel. We never did find out who it was, although we have our guess. We actually prefer to keep it that way.56. The photos taken with little Mathew became valued becauseA. Mathew is the youngest child of our familyB. they are the photos taken on Christmas EveC. Mathew seated himself on Santa’s legsD. we lost Mathew five days after the Christmas of 198857. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. “Seven Swans a-swimming” was a soap with swans coined.B. We received 12 gifts before the very first Christmas without Mathew.C. We were still in no mood for preparing for Christmas with a cassette.D. It was Santa who secretly sent us the unexpected gifts.58. The phrase “ingenuity” (paragraph 6) can be best replaced by “ ”A. delicacyB. responsibilityC. originalityD. attraction59. Which of the following serves as the best title for the passage?A. Mathew’s Present.B. An Angel among Us.C. Christmas Day.D. Five Golden Rings.(B)A Language Programme for TeenagersWelcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.Our CoursesRegardless of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively. Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas — speaking, listening, reading and writing. Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).EvaluationStudents are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take an online language test before their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.Arrivals and TransferOur programme offers the full package — students are taken good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student’s full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.Meals/Special Dietary RequirementsStudents are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.We ask that you let us know of any dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.60. When can a student attend Standard Course?A.13:00-14:30 Monday.B. 13:00-14:30 Friday.C.9:00-12:30 Tuesday.D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.61. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to .A. inform students of their full flight detailB. look after students throughout the programmeC. offer students free medical careD. collect students，luggage in advance62. Which of the following may require an extra payment?A. Cooked dinnerB. Mealtime dessert.C. Packed lunchD. Special diet.(C)I plan to remember this year’s vacation season with just two words: NEVER AGAIN. Never again, that is, will I take all my technology along. The Internet has ruined summer vacations.Instead of reading dog-eared summerhouse mystery novels, this year we browsed the Internet. Instead of long evenings of crossword puzzles or board games, we checked our Twitter feeds and updated our Facebook pages. And that, of course, is the problem with the Internet: It，s so easy that, unless you’re equipped with massive self-control, you use it if it’s there.For several years, I kept my Internet addiction under control by using inconvenient technology: a laptop which is old and not in good condition and a slow dial-up connection. But this year, the combination of a new iPad and very good Wi-Fi turned out to be fatal. The magical iPad signaled silently from the picnic table: What harm could it be to give the e-mail a quick check? But once that attractive touch screen lights up, who can resist?I’m not the first to get lost across this problem, of course. I，m a late adopter. As early as 2008, Nicholas Carr, author of The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, was warning that broadband Internet was reducing our attention spans and making us stupid. The Web, he said, encourages us to get stuck into our “natural state of distractedness.” Even before that, in 2000，Harvard’s Robert Putnam warned that television 一and, more broadly, staring into any kind of screen —had reduced the amount of time families spent in social interactions. And last year, researchers at UC-Irvine reported that employees who were unplugged from their e-mail got more work done 一and experienced far less stress.Access to the Web is unquestionably a wonderful thing. I love having a bottomless library at my fingertips; I love having the world’s newspapers on my electronic doorstep. I love being able to pay bills and make airplane reservations online. And, thanks to those ugly cell phone towers in the woods, we now have a way to call for help if we need an ambulance or a fire truck. It’s also nice to have an app that identifies the constellations (星座）when you hold the iPad up to the night sky. But then, you have to remember to put the screen down and simply drink in the stars — the original, uncut version.And that’s the point: It’s important not to let the convenience of the Internet get in the way of simpler beauties. It，s our fault instead of the Internet, for failing to control the urge to browse. My problem is learning how to limit the time I spend on it. So now I have one more thing to look forward to next summer: More time reading old novels; more time playing crossword puzzles and chasing frogs. Next year, I promise to unplug. Except, of course, when we need to find a new bike trail, or Google a recipe for wild blueberry pie.63. Throughout the passage, what evidence does the author provide to support the claims he makes in paragraph 2?A. Scientific studies and statistics about Internet use.B. Historical facts regarding the effects of television and the Internet.C. Personal accounts and opinions of those who have studied the Internet.D. Results of opinion polls about Internet use.64. According to the passage, how does the writer keep himself from getting addicted to the Internet?A. By using outdated laptops with poor Internet access.B. By only giving the e-mail a quick look.C. By keeping the electronic devices out of reach.D. By accessing new iPad and good Wi-Fi.65. In the article, UC-Irvine research functions as .A. a personal account that illustrates an idea about social lifeB. a restatement of the author’s main argumentC. historical context to allow the reader to understand the article’s settingD. evidence to support a point made by Nicolas Carr66. Which of the following statement will the author probably agree to?A. people should not rely simply on the Internet to provide them with news and other informationB. people can have meaningful vacations only if they leave all electronic devices at homeC. although the Internet is often useful, it can become addictive and prevent human interactionD. even though there are some good things about the Internet, overall it has affected civilization for the worseSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The road that led to 1,000 storiesIn his new boo k Watling Street, John Higgs explores one of Britain’s oldest roads — and how it inspired countless stories, from the Canterbury Tales to Great Expectations to Star Wars.Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, written in the late 14th Century, tells the story of a gr oup of medieval pilgrims travelling from London to Canterbury. Six hundred years later, the Star Wars movies were filmed on the same road. 67 .We now think of Watling Street as the A2 and the A5 motorways, which run across Britain from Anglesey in north-west Wales to Dover in south-east England in a way that joins two opposite sides at an angle. But the road has existed throughout all of British history. 68 . It has been a Neolithic (新石器时代的）pathway, a Roman road, one of the four medieval (中世纪的）royal highways, a main road in the age of coach travel and a road today usually with traffic jams.It is a place that reflects its own history, always being rewritten. 69 . James Bond drives along the road in Ian Fleming’s novel Moonraker. Doctor Who appears suddenly at different points along it in different historical eras. It is part of Robin Hood’s plans in the medieval narrative poem A Little Geste of Robin Hood and his Meiny. Miss Havisham’s decaying Gothic house in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectat ions is based on Restoration House in Rochester, which stands just yards from Watling Street. In the 12th-Century Histories of the Kings of Britain, Geoffrey of Monmouth tells how a young Merlin released the dragons that caused King V ortigem’s tower to fal l. This was at Dinas Emrys in Snowdonia, on the route of the original, pre-Roman road through Wales.For many years it was believed that William Shakespeare wrote a play called The Widow of Watling Street', it was included in early collections of his work. It is now thought that the real author of that play was Thomas Middleton. 70 .Before the Romans bridged the Thames, the original route of Watling Street crossed the river where Westminster Palace now stands. The route would have run close to where Sha kespeare’s Globe Theatre in Southwark later stood.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Reading the world in 195 boobsIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN- recognized states in a year. With no idea how to find publications, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers, like Turkmenistan’s Ak Welsapar and Panama’s Juan David Morgan, sent me unpublished translations of their novels. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But the effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet’s literary landscapes, extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, book packing offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformed into places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed foreign and remote became close and familiar to me — places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这位专家应对变化的能力令人赞不绝口。
上海市青浦区2019届高三上学期期末学业质量调研英语试题
青浦区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12 考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考试号和姓名。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a restaurant. B. In a plane.C. In an office.D. At a hotel.2. A. Doctor and patient B. Professor and student.C. Customer and waiter.D. Secretary and manager.3. A. 7:00 p.m. B.4:45 p.m. C.5:00 p.m. D.5:30 p.m.4. A. Satisfied. B. Understanding. C. Doubtful. D. Appreciative.5. A. Dick is a real horse lover. B. Dick will go to town.C. Dick will break his word.D. Dick will finish the task.6. A. ¥110. B. ¥165 C.¥220 D. ¥1357. A. The woman should decide where to travel.B. The woman should ask others for advice.C. He will make the decisionD. He is going abroad.8. A. How to cultivate a hobby. B. What to listen to.C. How to handle stress.D. What to read.9.A. She is lovely. B. She is ambitious.C. She is humorous.D. She is responsible.10.A. The man prefers dining out tonight.B. There's something wrong with the kitchen.C. The woman would not help the man with cooking.D. The woman doesn't think cooking at home is a good idea.Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Animals have emotion and social skills.B. Animals' mental experience can be tested.C. Animals' choice of partnership relies on pictures.D. Animals feel pain in the same way that humans do.12. A. Identify a familiar face. B. Make a crying sound.C. Build up short-up term partnershipsD. Avoid being shut in the same stall.13. A. Cows can remember what happened in the past.B. Cows are better at making friends with people.C. Cows are happy when seeing a familiar face.D. Cows have a better memory than sheep.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. When one‟s throat is soft.B.When one dreams at night.C.When one sleeps with the mouth open.D.When one breathes with the mouth closed.15.A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.16.A. A new anti-snoring device. B. A tissue causing snoring.C.A university dentist.D. A common problem.D.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Simon. B. Lisa. C. Mr. Green. D. The repairman.18.A. The ceiling was broken.B.The apartment was falling.C.The lights were not working.D.The air-conditioner was out of order.19.A. He would get a repair person to repair the room.B.He had taken the cost from the rent check.C.He needed a month to get the job done.D.He would take the apartment back.20.A. Skills for fixing an apartment. B. A request for legal consultation.C.A tip for dealing with landlords.D. Steps of signing renting contracts.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wayward Penguin （企鹅）Released South of New ZealandHe needed a little push before speeding backward down a slide. Once in the water, he held his head up for one last look. And then he was gone. The wayward emperor penguin (21) _____ (know) as “Happy Feet” was back home in Antarctic waters after a temporary stay i n New Zealand.Happy Feet was released into the ocean south of New Zealand on Sunday, more than two months after he came ashore on a beach nearly 2,000 miles from home and became an instant celebrity. (22) ____ (speak) from a satellite phone, Wellington Zoo veterinarian Lisa Argilla said Happy Feet‟s release went remarkably smoothly. Argilla said crew members from the boat carried the penguin inside his box to the rear part of the ship for his final send-off.(23) ____ when they opened the door of the box, the penguin showed no interest in leaving. “I needed to give him a little tap on his back,” Argilla said.The penguin slipped down the slide on his stomach, bottom first, she said. He resurfaced about 6 feet from the boat, (24) ____ (take) a look up at the people aboard, and then disappeared beneath the surface. “I was really happy to see him go,” Argilla said. “The best part of my job is when you get to release animals back into the wild (25) ____ they are supposed to be.”The 3-foot-tall bird was found on June 20 on Peka Peka Beach, about 40 miles northwest of New Zealand‟s capital, Wellington. It has been 44 years (26) ____ an emperor penguin was last spotted in the wild in New Zealand.At first, conservation authorities said they would wait and let nature take its course with the penguin. But it soon became clear the bird‟s condition was growing (27) ____ (bad), as he swallowed sand and, likely mistaking it for snow.(28) ____ the world watching, authorities finally took action, moving the penguin to the Wellington Zoo four days after he was discovered. It was at the zoo (29) ____ the bird was given a home in a room filled with a bed of ice so he wouldn‟t overheat.Now that Happy Feet (30) ____ (nurse) back to health, his chances are as good as they are for any other penguin in the wild.“He swam away, not caring about us anymore,” Argilla said.She paused.“And that is a good thing,” she said.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Is climatechange consuming your favorite foods?Coffee: Whether or not you try to limit yourself to one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world‟s coffee -growing regions may leave you little choice. C_____________ America, Africa, Asia and Hawaii are all being threatened by rising air temperatures and unstable rainfall patterns, which invite disease and ____32____ species to live on the coffee plant and ripening beans. The result? A. shrinking B. undergo C. presently D. plantations E. satisfying F. innovative G. encourage H. stocks I. notably J. invasive K. impactsSignificant cuts in coffee yield and less coffee in your cup. It is estimated that, if current climate patterns continue, half of the areas ____33____ suitable for coffee production won't be by the year 2050.Tea: When it comes to tea, warmer climates and erratic precipitation aren't only ____34____ the world's tea-growing regions, they're also messing with its distinct flavor. For example, in India, researchers have already discovered that the Indian Monsoon has brought more intense rainfall, making tea flavor weaker. Recent research coming out of the University of Southampton suggests that tea-producing areas in some places, ____35____ East Africa, could decline by as much as 55 percent by 2050 as precipitation and temperatures change. Tea pickers are also feeling the ____36____ of climate change. During harvest season, increased air temperatures are creating an increased risk of heatstroke for field workers.Seafood: Climate change is affecting the world's aquaculture as much as its agriculture. As air temperatures rise, oceans and waterways absorb some of the heat and ____37____ warming of their own. The result is a decline in fish population, including in lobsters (who are cold-blooded creatures), and salmon (whose eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temps). Warmer waters also _____38____ toxic marine bacteria, like Vibrio, to grow and cause illness in humans whenever ingested with raw seafood, like oysters or sashimi.And that ____39_____ "crack" you get when eating crab and lobster? It could be silenced as shellfish struggle to build their calcium(碳) carbonate shells, a result of ocean acidification (absorb carbon dioxide from the air). According to a study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood ____40___ would run out by the year 2050.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Michael Wang was a senior at James Logan High School, US, back in 2012. According to The New Yorker, he was confident that he could get into an Ivy League university, such as Harvard or Yale. He had a high GPA, ___41___ at debating and co-founded a math club. He was also a talented pianist. ____42___, his dream universities turned him down. His less talented classmates, who were Hispanic orAfrican-American, were admitted into these schools. It made him wonder if he was ____43___ because he was Asian.On Oct 15, a lawsuit against Harvard brought on behalf of Asian-American students like Wang Began. students for Fair Admissions(SFFA),a US non-profit organization. 44 Harvard for using racial balancing in their admissions process. Harvard has denied the 45 considers many factors whether a student should be admitted, including academic performance and extracurricular activities . Harvard added that the number of Asian-Americans admitted to the school had greatly increased since 2010.”Race alone is never the reason a students 47 admission, ”William Lee, a lawyer for Harvard, told the guardian. ”And race is never the reason a student is denied.”Harvard is not the only university to have been accused of 48 against Asian-Americans. In September, the US Justice Department begin to 4 9 whether Yale University discriminates against Asian-Americans, The case has 50 a longstanding debate over affirmative action policies(平均法案政策) that allow universities to use race as a factor when considering applications. The policies 51 benefit African-American and latino students in an effort to make up for centuries of racial discrimination,according to THE NEW YORK Times, the SFFA wants the use of race in the admissions process to be ended,52 that it causes inequality.”People sh ould be judged on character a and 53 ,”However,in a student, Havard said that 54 the race criterion would “reduce students‟ opportunities to live and learn in a diverse campus environment”.Although the case has just begun, the 55 judgement” could i nfluence admissions to US universities for years to come,” according to AI Jaxeera, a Qatar _based TV station.41.A.crazy B. amazed C . gifted D. slow42.A.Besides B. Fortunately C. Undoubtedly D. However43.A.rejected B. dismissed C. enclosed D. stopped44.A.trapped B. oppressed C. sued D. blamed45.A.charge B. mistake C. claim D. compaint46.Aconforming B. determining C. acknowledging D. surveying47.A.robbed B. granted C. entitled D .convinced48.A.preference B. favor C. opposition D. discrimination49.A.investigate B. research C. wonder D. inquire50.A.preference B. infected C. fueled D. brought51.Anecessarily B.equally C. traditionally D. unintentionally52.Aconsider Bdebating C.annoying D.arguing53.Aacaedemice Bstength C. benefit D moralities54.Adropping B.setting C. implementing D. imposing54.A.official B. existent C. gradual D. eventualDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jack London, one of America‟s major writers of adventure tales,was born in California in 1876. During his life, London worked at many jobs. His broad life experiences would become the background for his writing.London loved to read. As a teenager, he spent many hours educating himself at the Oakland, California, public library. He attended college at the University of California at Berkeley, but he stayed for only six months. He thought Berkeley was “not lively enough” and wanted to do something more exciting.London wrote stories about working people and the hard times they had making a living. He knew their problems first hand. He worked as a sailor, farmer, factory employee, railroad worker, and gold prospector, to name just a few of his many jobs.London grew up near the waterfront in Oakland. He loved the water. When he was fifteen years old, he bought a small sailboat called a sloop. Later he sailed to Japan on a schooner, which is a much larger sailing boat. Like many people of the time, London caught the Klondike Gold Rush Fever. In 1897, he headed for Alaska. He didn‟t find gold, but he discovered something even more valuable. He discovered that people enjoyed listening to the stories he made up with his vivid imagination. London entertained the miners with story after story. Later, using his experiences during the Gold Rush, he created many more colorful stories.London resolved to live a full, exciting life. He once said, “I would rather b e a superb meteor(流星),every atom of me in magnificent glow, than a sleepy and permanent planet.” Each day, he pushed himself. Once London determined that he was going to be a writer, nothing could stop him. His goal was to write at least one thousand words every day. He refused to stop even when he was sick. In eighteen years, the writer published fifty-one books and hundreds of articles. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author of his day. Many people also considered him to be the best writer. White Fang and The Call of the Wild are his most famous stories and are about surviving in the Alaskan wilderness. Readers can enjoy Jack London‟s energy and his talent for telling wonderful stories each time they open one of his novels.56. Why was Jack London able to write on many topics?A. He pushed himself to reach goals.B. He had a variety of experiences and jobs.C. He was drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush.D. He was the best-selling and highest-paid author.57.What prevented Jack London form finishing college?A. That he was hired to sail to Japan.B. That he traveled to Alaska in 1897.C. That he spent much of his time writing.D. That he was not interested in college life enough.58.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph indicates that Jack London______.A.is expert at universe.B. aims high and strive to succeed.C.is excited about life if the wildness.D. face a choice between life and death.59.What is the author‟s purpose in writing the passage?A. To support the statement that London was the “best writer?.B. To describe life during the klondike Gold Rush.C. To provide information on Jack …s life.D. To identify books written by Jack London.( B)USING YOUR GOLDEN ARROW MULTIPURPOSE CALCULATOR TO DETERMINE THE DATE AND TIME AT YOUR LOCATION AS WELL AS LOCATIONS AROUND THE GLOBE SEETING THE DATE AND TIME FOR YOUR LOCATIONUse the TIME ZONE chart below to locate code that corresponds with the time zone in which you live. Select the major city that shares your time zone. Press the code that corresponds to that city (e.g. ,if you live in Washington ,Oregon California, or Nevada, all of which are located in the Pacific time zone, you would choose Los Angeles and press the corresponding code which is the 1 key).1.Press TIME twice. The two digits representing hours will begin to flash.2.Depress and hold the ▲or▼ key until the desired hour flashes. Then release.3.Press SET. The two digits representing minutes will begin to flash.4.Depress and hold the ▲or▼ key until the desired minute fleshes. Then relea se.5.Press SET. The two digits representing seconds will begin to flash.6.Depress and hold the ▲or▼ key until 00 flashes. The release.7.Press SET. To set the year, month, and day press DATE three times. Then repeat steps 2 through 7.NOTE: At this point, hour ,minutes and seconds will change to year, month, and day.DETERMINAING DATE AND TIME FOR THE WORLD‟S16 TIME ZONES1.PRESS ZONE TWICE.2. Use the TIME ZONE chart below to locate the code that corresponds to the time zone for which you desire the date and time. Press that code (e.g., press = to determine the date and time in Hong Kong). The selected date and time will alternately display for 10 seconds and then return automatically to your home date and time.60. This article serves to explain how to ________.A. press the or keys to adjust timeB. determine the time zone around the worldC. set global locations to find Pacific time zoneD. use the calculator to display time, date and location61. If you are at a net meeting in London at 9 a.m., what time is it for your colleagues in Japan?A. 9 p.m..B. 6 p.m..C.11 a.m..D. 8 a.m..62. What sequence of steps would you follow to check the time in Moscow?A. Press ZONE twice. Press 9.B. Press ZONE twice. Press+3.C. Press ZONE twice. Press 9.Press+3.D. Press ZONE twice. Press 9 three times.(C)Medicine is the most noble of all the arts, but owing to the ignorance of those who practice it, and those who inconsiderately form a judgment of them, it is now far behind all the other arts. Their mistake appears to me to arise principally from the fact that there is no punishment for the practice of medicine except disgrace, and that does not hurt those who are familiar with it. Such persons are like the figures introduced in tragedies, for as they have the shape, and dress, and appearance of an actor, but are not actors, so also physicians are many in title but very few in reality.Whoever is to acquire a competent knowledge of medicine ought to proccess the following advantages: a natural character; instruction; a favorable position for the study; early tuition; love for labor; leisure. First of all, a natural talent is required, for Nature leads the way to what is most excellent; then instruction in the art takes place, which the student must try to adopt by reflection, becoming an early pupil in a place well adapted for instruction. He must also bring to the task a love of labor and perseverance to ensure the CODE CITY TIME 8 Cairo +2 9 Moscow +3 + Karachi +5 - Bangkok +7 = Hong Kong +8 * Tokyo +9 / Sydney +10 # Wellington +12 CODE CITY TIME 0 Honolulu -101 Los Angeles -82 Denver -73 Chicago -64 New York -55 Rio de Janeiro -36 London 07 Paris +1instruction takes root.Instruction in medicine is like the culture of the productions of the earth. For our natural character, is, as it were, the soil; the principals of our teacher are, as it were, the seed. Instruction in youth is like the planting of the seed in the ground at the proper season. Diligent study is like the cultivation of the fields; and it is time which passes on strength to all things and brings them to maturityHaving brought all these essentials to the study of medicine, and having acquired a true knowledge of it, we shall thus, in travelling around, be respected physicians not only in name but in reality. Inexperience is a bad trait, and does harm to those who possess it, nurturing either timidity or audacity(胆大安为). For timidity reveals a want of powers, and audacity a lack of skill. Physicians who are eager for power or those who are undertrained are not a blessing to a community.Those things which are sacred or noble, are to be delivered only to sacred persons; and it is wrong to import them to the profane until they have been initiated in the mysteries of the science.63. Based on paragraph 1, which of the following best characterizes bad physicians?A. They are greedy.B. They are pretenders.C. They are difficult to contact.D. They are the minority.64. According to paragraph 2, what must accompany the personal quality of a physician?A. A good education.B. A supportive family.C. Approval from the authority.D. Popularity in the community.65. If the author of the passage were to use a heading for each paragraph, which heading would fit best before paragraph 3?A. An Herbal Treatment.B. Medicine and Gardening.C. The Growth of a Physician.D. Understanding Agriculture First.66. Based on the underlined sentences in paragraph 5, what is the relationship between the words "sacred” and "profane"?A. The two words are exactly the same in meaning.B. The two words are similar in meaning.C. The two words are of the same root.D. The two words are opposites.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Some have reportedly climbed up chimneys to jump to their death unless they get their defaulted salaries.B. It is something every Chinese look forward to as the traditional gala draws near.C. Unfortunately, weeks preceding the Spring Festival have turned out to be hard times for migrant workers.D. Hopefully, these efforts will send more workers on a happy journey home for the Spring Festival with their salaries in their pockets.E. However difficult the situations they are in, it is too cruel and unfair for employers to hold back salaries they should pay their migrant workers.F. Objectively speaking, governments at various levels have done a great deal in helping theseworkers recover their defaulted salaries.H elp Migrant WorkersThere is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year‟s toil in his pocket is the best thing he can think of. 67 . They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossible to imagine life in these places without them. However, they still form a disadvantaged group. Their rights are violated in different forms. Among other things, unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions. 68 .69 . They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them. Yet, as the financial crisis bites deep, some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them. So it is particularly important for governments at all levels to do an even better job in helping villager-turned-workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival.It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor-intensive enterprises to make sure they have paid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner. Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer-turned-construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries. 70 . But we need to look for solutions that will work at all times. We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers.Ⅳ. Summary Writing.Directions：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To Friend or UnfriendSocial networking makes it very easy to have friends – lots and lots friends. Hundreds or millions of people have joined QQ, Wechat, and other sites so that they can communicate with friends online. However, the meaning of the word “friend” seems changed. In the past, a friend was someone you had a closepersonal relationship with. Now, anyone in the world can be your friend online! Some people have thousands of cyber friends, but what do you do if you don‟t want to have so many friends?Easy! You can dump an unwanted friend with just one click of your mouse. in recent years, it has become so common to get rid of friends in this way that there is a new word to describe it –to “unfriend”. The new Oxford American Dictionary named it word of the Year in 2009 and defined it like this: “to remove someone as a …friend‟ from social networking site”. B ut why would you want to do such a thing as unfriending someone?The most common reason for unfriending someone is to eliminate annoying people from your social life. For example, some friends post messages much too frequently, especially those messages found to be extremely boring. They endlessly post status updates which say something like “I‟m cooking dinner” or “I‟m doing homework”. Another reason for unfriending someone is disagreement about world issues. A third reason is to get rid of people who write dirty things on social websites.Although dumping friends is not just an Internet phenomenon, far more online friendships end suddenly than off-line ones. Even in this computer age, it remains true that many people prefer spending time together face-to f ace. After all, that‟s what friends are for!Ⅴ. Translation.Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 人们普遍认为对颜色的偏爱能反映一个人的性格。
2018年上海市青浦区尚美中学高三英语期末试题
2018年上海市青浦区尚美中学高三英语期末试题一、选择题1. The police have reached some ________ conclusions about the possible cause of the accident. The exact cause is still under investigation.A. authenticB. preciseC. confidentialD. tentative参考答案：D2. In general, _______ energy, we turn off the lights for Earth Hour on the last Saturday in March.A. savedB. savingC. to saveD. having saved参考答案：C3. —Shall I type this letter for you, Steve?—．A．Thanks anyway B．Why me C．No, don’t bother D．No problem参考答案：C4. —Tom is so worried about the test that he said he was going to study all night.—Tell him he should quit ______ and get some help.A. to have worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. from worrying参考答案：Cquit doing sth. 相当于stop doing sth.，表“停止做某事”之意。
5. John once worked in a remote mountain village school, which is ____only on foot.A. acceptableB. accessibleC. availableD. appropriate参考答案：B略6. Fully __________ looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy thevarious activities in the club.A. attachedB. occupiedC. contributedD. devoted参考答案：B略7. Many people like to talk about genera tion gaps. I don’t think there is in my family, though.A. itB. someC. noneD. one参考答案：D8. —By using the DNA from a dinosaur fossil ，we might someday create a living one.—_____. Dinosaurs disappeared millions of years ago ，you know.A. Never mindB. No ideaC. That sounds crazyD. It’s believable参考答案：C9. While I was making the model plane，my little nephew kept asking me questions with great ．A．wonder B．patience C．doubt D．curio sity参考答案：D10. —May I speak to your manager at 4：00 this afternoon?—Sorry, sir. He ________ to a meeting soon.A. would goB. has goneC. will have goneD. is going参考答案：D11. —Do you think the Stars will heat the Bulls?—Yes．They have better players，so I ___________ them to win．A．hope B．prefer C．expect D．want参考答案：C14. If we keep wasting so much energy, ________ are that our oil wells will dry up and the environment will be destroyed.A. problemsB. difficultiesC. questionsD. chances参考答案：D略13. The scene of the film ____ me of those happy days that we spent together in the beautiful countryside last summer vacation.A. informedB. recalledC. remindedD. remembered参考答案：C14. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _______ now.A. wouldn’t be smilingB. couldn’t have smiledC. won’t smileD. didn’t smile参考答案：A15. Although he had taken a lot of medicine, his health poor.A. provedB. remainedC. maintainedD. lasted参考答案：B16. Children are encouraged to _________some pocket money for Christmas gifts.A. put upB. put asideC. put inD. put down参考答案：B略17. What's the ________language in China?A．speaking B．spoken C．be spoken D．to speak参考答案：B略31. You should report any incident, ______ minor it is.A. whateverB. wheneverC. howeverD. wherever参考答案：C略19. Yesterday morning he got up earlier than________ , for it was not a （n）________day.A. common; usualB. usual; ordinaryC. usual; normalD. common; ordinary参考答案：B解析：than usual"比以往"表时间，不可用common，后一空为"平凡"用ordinary，normal的意思表示常规。
2018届上海各区高三英语一模——翻译汇编
【2018-宝山区一模】V. Translation72.他仍难以用英语表达自己的想法。
(express)73.有些人天生就具有体育或音乐天赋。
(born)74.可以预见的是人工智能的发展必将跨入新纪元，彻底改变人类的生活方式。
(It)75.就减肥而言，一种饮食确实不适合所有人，对一些人有效的也许对另一些人并非灵丹妙药。
(what)72. He still has difficulty expressing himself/ ideas/ thoughts in English.73. Some people are born with certain talents for sports or music.74. It can be predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will enter/ step into a new era, and completely change human life style.75.When it comes to (in terms of/ regarding / in regard to / concerning/ as far as losing weight is concerned) is losing weight, one diet really doesn’t fit all, and what works for some may not be best/ effective for others.【2018崇明区一模】V. Translation72.你能感受到大数据给现代生活带来的冲击吗？(impact)73.我们在向西方学习的时候不能丢弃自己独特的文化特征。
(abandon)74.上个月竣工的游乐园每天向公众开放，逢星期一休息。
(except)75.如今，越来越多的人喜欢在网上购物，这就促进了快递业的蓬勃发展。
凯文老师-2018年上海高三高考英语一模试卷汇编(中译英2)
V. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你能感受到大数据给现代生活带来的冲击吗？(impact)73.我们在向西方学习的时候不能丢弃自己独到的文化特征。
(abandon)74.上个月竣工的游乐园每天向公众开放，逢星期一休息。
(except)75.如今，越来越多的人喜欢在网上购物，这就促进了快递业的蓬勃发展。
(which)Keys:72. Can you feel the impact of big data on modern life?73. We can’t abandon our own unique cultural features when we learn from the West.74.Theamusementparkcompletedlastmonthisopentothepubliceverydayexcepton Mondays.75. Nowadays, more and more people prefer to shop online, which contributes to the booming ofthe express delivery industry.2018年上海市普陀区高三英语一模试卷V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.众所周知,与他人和睦相处是生活美满的要素之一。
(As)73.你认为以康健为代价来获取名利值得吗?(worthwhile)74.学生们接触到金融问题的年龄越小，就越有可能成为能有用地管理资产且有责任心的成年人。
上海市青浦区届高三英语一模试卷（含答案及听力文字）
II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I hated dinner parties. But I decided (25)__________ (give) them another try because I’m in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because (26)__________ dinner parties in London are very different from those in New York. In New York, “I’m having a dinner party” means “I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you (27)__________ hardly afford and we’ll be sharing the check evenly, (28)__________ you eat.” Worse, in Manhattan, there is always someone who (29)__________ (leave) before the bill arrives. They’ll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don’t drink, end up (30)__________ (pay) even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: “Where are you going?” And it’s not like that I can’t say I have somewhere to go: everyone knows I have nowhere to go.But in London, dinner parties are in people’s homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India, Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations. In New York, the mix is like a gathering at Bloomingdale’s, a well-known department store. Personally, I think dinner parties in London are (31)__________ (impressive) than this.For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn (District) and Queens (District) in New York. But at Mallery’s, when I said that I (32) __________ (be) to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club.(B)Several factors led to my recent car accident. First of all, a heavy snow and freezing rain that had fallen the day before made the road I was driving on dangerous. The road had been cleared, (33)__________ it was still dangerously icy. Despite the slippery road, I was stupidly going along (34)__________ about 50 miles an hour, instead of driving more cautiously. Another factor was a dirty green van that suddenly pulled onto the road from a small crossroad of the street about fifty yards ahead of me. The road (35)__________ (cover) with a sheet of ice at that point and if I applied my brakes, I would steer into the van. So I carefully drove my car into the next lane, and though the rear (后部) of my car began skidding back and forth, for a moment I got the idea (36)__________ everything was OK as I drove past the slow-moving van.Unfortunately, the rear of my Volkswagen was heavy (37)__________ the engine was there and also because there was a new weight-lifting set (38)__________ (lay) in the back seat, the result of (39)__________ was that after I passed the van, my car turned completely around on the slippery road. I was desperately sliding down the highway backwards at 50 miles an hour. Then I slid off the road, (40)__________ (hit) a wooden fence post. My left rear taillight was broken in the process. Then I suddenly saw a telephone pole about only 6 feet to the right of me, and I realized my accident could have really been a disaster.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. dipB. commonC. desiredD. additionE. embarrassingF. carefullyG. muddyH. fedI. accessJ. raisingK. benefitDucks offer certain advantages over hens. Ducks are immune to some 41 diseases found in hens. Some breeds of duck produce bigger eggs than hens. In 42 , ducks lay eggs over a longer season than hens do. Poultry(禽类) keepers with gardens have less to worry about if they keep ducks rather than hens because the former are unlikely to dig up plants and destroy roots. While both hens and ducks 43 the garden by eating pests, hens are known to damage grass beds. Ducks, on the other hand, will search for insects more 44 . Only very delicate plants are at risk from the broad, webbed feet of ducks.Like all waterbirds, ducks need 45 to water, and duck keepers typically provide this by building a pond. Something this large is not absolutely necessary, however, ducks need only to be able to 46 their heads in the water to keep their nose clean. If a pond is provided, though, it is important to keep baby ducks away from it until they are old enough to put up with the cool temperature of the water.When 47 ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support. The rule is generally about 100 ducks per acre. If more than this proportion is introduced, there is a risk of pressing the soil, which can lead to 48 conditions for long periods as the rain is not easily absorbed into the ground.While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given a greater quantity of food, especially if regular eggs are 49 . An adult duck will eat between 170 to 200 grams of food a day. If the ducks live near grass and a pond, they will be able to find for themselves approximately 70% of their daily dietary requirements in warmer months but less than half that in colder times. Therefore, it is important that they be 50 on enough food, such as grain, every day. III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Scientists fear rising energy bills may lead to an increase in obesity after discovering a link between poorly-heated homes and higher body fat.Researchers from the University of Stirling’s Behavioral Science Centre 51 to explore claims that warm indoor temperatures have 52 increasing obesity levels in winter. Instead, the team found that people who live in 53 homes are more likely to have low body mass index (BMI) levels while those who keep their heating 54 or off tend to be heavier.Dr Michael Daly, behavioral scientist and senior lecturer, said: “We come on to investigate the scientific claims that cooler indoor temperatures help us to 55 a healthy weight by pushing our bodies to consume more 56 through shivering and generating heat through tissues.” In fact, the research suggests people may eat less and57 more energy when living in a warmer indoor environment.The 13-year study, published in the journal Obesity, 58 more than 100,000 adults across England. Researchers found 59 weight levels among people living in homes heated to above 23°C (73F), which accounted for about 15,000 of the households studied.Dr Daly said: “As national gas bills continue to rise faster than the rate of inflation (通货膨胀), this research suggests the 60 of obesity could worsen where heating dropped below 61 levels or off for lengthy periods to cut costs.“This is not just about people who live in warm enough homes being in the 62 position to afford more expensive low-calorie foods, exercise classes and sporting activities. 63 , they find it easier to stay at a low BMI level. The study took age, gender, social class and other factors into account.“The comfortable surrounding temperature of 20.3-23°C is where we feel comfortable in our 64 and are neither hot nor cold. At temperatures above this, we consume more energy and we eat less because our 65 is taken away.”51. A. set up B. set out C. set off D. set about52. A. contributed to B. devoted to C. resulted from D. differed from53. A. well-heated B. well-designed C. well-organized D. well-decorated54. A. turned on B. turned out C. turned up D. turned down55. A. stay B. drain C. maintain D. preserve56. A. energy B. strength C. power D. muscle57. A. explore B. exhaust C. exploit D. burn58. A. impacted B. involved C. imposed D. inspired59. A. increased B. added C. reduced D. lost60. A. miracle B. existence C. trend D. delivery61. A. sensitive B. agreeable C. graceful D. present62. A. financial B. appropriate C. social D. defensive63. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore64. A. shoes B. moods C. spirits D. clothes65. A. nerve B. appetite C. stomach D. laborSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The composing career of Albert Roussel got off to a disobedient start, and received one of its biggest boosts from a lie.Roussel was orphaned at the age of eight and went to live with his grandfather. He built on the music he had learned from his mother, entertaining himself by reading through the family music collection and playing operatic selections and popular songs on the piano.Three years later Roussel’s grandfather died, and his mother’s sister took him in. Her husband arranged for young Albert to take piano lessons. Summer vacations at a Belgian seaside resort added a second love to his life — the sea. He studied to be a naval cadet (军校学生), but still made time to study music.In the French Navy, while he was sent to a warship based at Cherbourg, he and two friends found the time to play the piano trios of Beethoven and other composers. Roussel also began composing. At the Church of the Trinity in Cherbourg on Christmas Day 1892, he staged the performance of his Andante (行板乐曲) for the first time as a composer.That success encouraged Roussel to write a wedding march, and one of his fellow naval officers offered to show it to a prominent conductor, Edouard Colonne. When Roussel’s friend returned with the draft of the march, he reported that Colonne had advised Roussel to give up his naval career and devote his life to music.Not long afterward, at the age of 25, Roussel did just that. He applied the self-discipline, simplicity, and spirituality that he had developed in the navy to his composing and became a major force in twentieth century French music. As for Eduoard Colonne’s inspiring advice that Roussel devote his life to music — Roussel’s navy friend later admitted that he had made it up and that he had never even shown Roussel’s draft to the world famous conductor.66. Which of the following is true of Roussel?A. Roussel was adopted by his aunt when he was 10 years old.B. Roussel applied what he had developed in the Navy to his composing.C. Roussel lived with his grandfather at 8 with his parents living in another city.D. Roussel spent his summer vacations at a seaside resort to be a naval soldier.67. On Dec.25th, 1892, at the church in Cherbourg, Roussel __________.A. played the piano trios of Beethoven and other composersB. made time to play music with his two friendsC. made his first performance as a composerD. took piano lessons and played popular songs on the piano68. The underlined word “prominent” in Paragraph 5 is similar in meaning to“__________”.A. graciousB. religiousC. generousD. well-known69. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. a composer’s professional training experienceB. a navy cadet’s dreamC. a well-intentioned trickD. the shortcut to become a composer(B)Evening WorkshopsOptional evening workshops will be held at small restaurants or other meeting places near the conference hotel. Meals and other costs are not included but are also optional. Locations will be announced at the conference site. Workshops are very loosely organized and most represent discussions that have been held at Society for Economic Botany (SEB) meetings over a series of years.Workshop 1: Student NetworkDate Wednesday evening, Feb. 5thChairs Hugo de Boer and Arika VirapongseSponsor Society for Economic BotanyDescription Student members of the SEB hold a networking mixer each year inorder to meet each other and to become acquainted with a variety ofeducational programs and faculty advisors. Faculty members whoare part of training programs are encouraged to join the mixer tomeet and talk with students.Workshop 2: Botanical Film MakingDate Wednesday evening, Feb. 5thChair David StrauchSponsor University of HawaiiDescription Digital film making is a particularly useful tool of linking culturalinformation to recognizable plants. This workshop is aimed towardsincreasing the quality of material recorded by giving participantsgreater control over the medium. We will cover technical aspects(e.g. camera settings, audio), compositional aspects (framing,lighting, focus), and some ways of presenting the material.Experienced filmmakers are encouraged to attend, and participantsare welcome to bring their own camera equipment.Workshop 3: Collections for Botany— Collections Development and ManagementDate Friday evening, Feb. 7thChair Jan SalickSponsor Society for Economic BotanyDescription SEB is a network of researchers who have been developingstandards for the development of collections of artifacts, plantsamples and related materials. Participants discuss successes,problems, and funding sources for addressing management issues.70. One of the purposes of a networking mixer held each year is to ________.A. provide students with greater control over the mediaB. link cultural information to recognizable plantsC. help the students to deal with most of the environment issuesD. help the students to be familiar with educational programs71. Which of the following is true according to the poster?A. Evening workshops will be held at small restaurants with meals included.B. Participants have more than one option on Feb.5th than another night.C. Workshops have nothing to do with the discussions held at SEB meetings.D. Faculty advisers can join the mixer without training experience.72. You are a college student, interested in plants and good at taking TV pictures. Whichof the Evening Workshops is most suitable for you?A. Botanical Film Making.B. Collections for Botany.C. Student Network.D. Society for Economic Botany.73. Which of the following is discouraged by Evening Workshops?A. To invite faculty advisers to discuss the management issues.B. To encourage student members of the SEB to meet one another.C. To expect experienced filmmakers to attend Botanical Film Making.D. To increase the quality of material recorded.(C)If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Don’t be confused by their name. Actually, a flash mob, organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks, is a group of people who assemble suddenly in a public place,do something unusual for a period of time, such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and shouting something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds, and then quickly disappear before the police can arrive.Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob assembled on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store involving 100 people gathering on Macy’s Department Store. Following this, about 200 people flooded the lobby of the Hyatt hotel, applauding in one voice for fifteen seconds, and next participants pretending to be tourists on a bus trip invaded a shoe boutique in Soho. A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.Wasik claimed that he created flash mobs as a social experiment designed to tease hipsters (追逐时尚的人), and highlight the cultural atmosphere of agreement and of being part of “the next big thing”.Many Web logs, chat rooms and Web groups are devoted to the craze. Though flash mobs were originally regarded as pointless, the concept has already developed for the benefit of political and social events. Flash mobbing takes advantage of the efficiency of communicating information on Websites and by email, and protesters can similarly use the “on and off” concept to be involved in political events. Such flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock or frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. They also have enormous economic potential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, hundreds of Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him, gathering outside the railway station in Liverpool, singing and dancing Michael’s famous song Beat It together. In another example, some people took part in a flash mob to warn people against negative words. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory.74. The purpose of flash mobs created by Wasik is to __________.A. make flash mobs a social experiment with political, social and economic potentialB. give people an opportunity to assemble and perform some distractionC. make fun of hipsters and emphasize the cultural atmosphere of agreement andparticipationD. make communicating information efficient and help people create a memory75. People took part in the following activities of flash mobs except that __________.A. they pretended to take a bus trip and invaded a shoe shop in SohoB. they got together in central Park and played birdsongC. they gathered upon the railway station in Liverpool, singing Beat It and dancingD. they assembled in the department store and applauded together for 15 seconds76. Which of the following could most possibly be a flash mob according to the passage?A. Sixteen people get together quickly on the square and do jumping and singing andleave there suddenly.B. A group of people are busy giving out leaflets of a limousine of a brand to thosewalking in front of them.C. Some tourists plan for months and go mountaineering on the first day of Horse Year.D. Protesters from different factories sit for days in front of the city hall for low wage.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Flash mob: the political potentialB. Flash mob: the pop cultureC. Flash mob: the source of informationD. Flash mob: the short-term memorySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Every year in America, high-school students who want to go on to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one’s mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That’s an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young people’s handwriting lately? Or anyone’s for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise, penmanship (书法) — once taught so morally and carefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out.Yet today’s kids are asked to write, in a thoughtful and clear way, for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the test scorers who must work out difficultly what has been written by young people who’ve been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one’s score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers and get more tax money back because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations. And don’t forget, we all have to rely on handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when the power goes out.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. In SAT, students will be tested on math, grammar, reading and__________________________________________________________.79. What does the underlined word “scribble” in paragraph 2 mean?__________________________________________________________.80. Why did the writer think test scorers would have a hard time?__________________________________________________________.81. With this passage, the author intended to offer the advice that__________________________________________________________.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．那家新开的咖啡馆每月盈利5千元。
2018年上海市青浦区中考英语一模试卷和参考答案
2018年上海市青浦区中考英语一模试卷一、Choose the best answer（选择最恰当地答案）1．（1分）Which of the following word matches the sound /fʊl/？（）A．fill B．fool C．full D．fall2．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．What kind of food would you like？B．Please tell me the whole story．C．The flower is small and white．D．Where there is a will，there is a way．3．（1分）Carl told us that his trip to the United States was _____ wonderful experience．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/4．（1分）Our headmaster always encourages the school cooks to serve healthy meals ___ junk food．（）A．under B．of C．with D．without5．（1分）Instead ______ telling him the answer，the teacher helped him to read the text again．（）A．of B．for C．at D．to6．（1分）Sorry，I can't quite understand you，Mr．Green．Would you please show us ____ example？（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others7．（1分）Would you please give us some ______ on how to keep fit，Doctor Wang？（）A．idea B．advice C．tip D．suggestion8．（1分）Both my father and my brother like Sichuan Hot Pot because it tastes _____．（）A．well B．bad C．nice D．terribly9．（1分）Wolf﹣Warriors Ⅱ（战狼）was _____ popular than any other movie in China last year．（）A．many B．much C．most D．more10．（1分）Don't treat the animals like that，John．We ______ take good care of them．（）A．can B．should C．need D．may11．（1分）The company ______ a lot of money since the new project was carried out．（）A．has made B．had made C．will make D．would make12．（1分）Nancy _____ for the speech contest while her classmates were watching the game．（）A．is preparing B．has preparedC．was preparing D．will prepare13．（1分）Women in China _____，have jobs，and are free to marry or not，as they choose．（）A．are educated B．were educatedC．have been educated D．can be educated14．（1分）After many year's hard work，the twins made up their minds _____ a restaurant of their own．（）A．open B．opening C．opened D．to open15．（1分）The volunteers were busy ____ the old people in the nursing home do some cleaning．（）A．help B．helping C．helped D．to help16．（1分）﹣Sorry，Mr．Oliver isn't in．﹣What a pity! Let us leave a message，_____？（）A．will we B．shall we C．will you D．shall you17．（1分）____ the old watch doesn't work，my grandpa still keeps it as a treasure．（）A．Since B．Although C．Because D．Unless18．（1分）Martin was asked to finish his homework in time，____ his parents wouldpunish him．（）A．so B．for C．but D．or19．（1分）﹣Excuse me，would you mind my opening the window？It's so stuffy （闷热）here．﹣______．Please go ahead．（）A．Never mind．B．You are welcome．C．Not at all．D．I agree．20．（1分）﹣A big tree fell on the roof of the concert hall in the storm last night．﹣_____．（）A．All right B．No problemC．Take care D．That's terrible二、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）21．（4分）A．fast B．sight C．thinking about D．above all E．smarter My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body is．All those years I thought I had the right answer．When I was younger，I thought sound was very important to us，so I said，"My ears，Mommy．"She said，"No．Many people are deaf．But you keep （21）it and I will ask you again soon．"Several years passed，and she asked me again．This time I told her，"Mommy，（22）is very important to everybody，so it must be our eyes．"She looked at me and told me，"You are learning（23），but the answer is not right because there are many people who are blind．" Over the years，mother asked me a couple more times and always her answer was，"No，but you are getting（24）every year，my child．"22．（4分）A．in life B．bottom C．crying D．full of E．finalThen last year，my Grandpa died．Everybody was hurt．Everybody was （25）．My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our（26）good﹣bye to Grandpa．She asked me，"Do you know the most important body part yet，my dear？"I was surprised when she asked me this now．I always thought this was a game between her and me．"This question is very important．It show that you have really lived your life，"she said．I saw her eyes （27）tears．She said，"My dear，the most important part is your shoulder．"I asked，"Is it because it holds up your head？"She answered，"No，it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they cry．Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime （28），my dear．I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it．"三、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）23．（2分）When I was young，I used to climb trees with my friends in the nearby．（wood）24．（2分）The study shows that the first British came to live on this island in the century．（twelve）25．（2分）Many people would like to improve by learning something new．（they）26．（2分）The lady was to see that her lost puppy came back home again．（pleasure）27．（2分）The patient's is successful，and he's sure to recover in several weeks．（operate）28．（2分）The local government made rules to prevent traders（商人）from cheating．（honest）29．（2分）The wind blow，and we could see kites flying high in the sky．（gentle）30．（1分）The boy fell into the river，and a passerby heard the cry and went tohim．（safe）四、Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子．每空格限填一词）31．（1分）The students of Grade 6have anA rt andC rafts lesson on Monday．（改为否定句）The students of Grade 6anA rt andC rafts lesson on Monday．32．（1分）The new Science Museum will be open to the public in two months．（对划线部分提问）will the new Science Museum be open to the public？33．（1分）Shall we surf the Internet for more attention about the pyramids？（保持句意基本不变）surf the Internet for more attention about the pyramids？34．（1分）Their performance was very funny．The audience laughed all the time．（合并为一句）Their performance was funny the audience laughed all the time．35．（1分）Our monitor told us，"We will move to a new campus（校园）next year．"（改为宾语从句）Our monitor told us that we to a new campus the next year．36．（1分）The Indian woman has an amazing memory．（改为感叹句）amazing memory the Indian woman has!37．（1分）I，my suggestion，them，help，hope，can（连词成句）．五、Reading comprehension38．（10分）Choose the best answer．The Time MachineA scientist and inventor decides to prove that time travel is possible．He wants to changc the past To test his idea，he travels 800，000 years into the future withthehelp of his own invention﹣a time machine…I will b e pul on in the NationalTheatre on Aug 29th to Sep .4th．Wonder WomanAn Amazon princess lived a peaceful life on an island occupied only by female soldies．When a pilot crashed on the island ，she learned that World War was destroying the planet．So she decided to use her superpowers to stop it..It will be shown in the National Theatre on Sep.2th to 7th．E．T．A group of aliens visit the earth and one ofthem．E．T．，get lost and is left on this planet．He is found by a l0﹣year﹣old，Elliot，Soon the two begin to communicate and start a different kind of friendship．E．T．wants to go home，but if ELliot helps him，he'll lose a friend..It'll be shown in the National Theatre onAug 25th o 30th．Mission MarsIn the year 2020 AD，a mysterious storm kills all but one crew member of the first manned mission （任务）to Mars．A rescue mission is started to investigate the truth and bring back any survivors…It will be on in the National Theatre on Sep.1th to5th．44．We can read these passages in some．A．postcardsB．lettersC．postersD．novels45．If you want to see The Time Machine，you can go to see it on．A．Aug.25thB．Aug.30thC．Sep.5thD．Sep.7th46．What is the film Wonder Woman about？A．Earth and spaceB．Love and friendshipC．Nature and humansD．War and Peace47．If you're interested in aliens，you should watch．A．E．T．B．Wonder WomanC．The Time MachineD．Mission to Mars48．The underlined word"mysterious"probably means．A．usualB．crazyC．strangeD．heavy49．What kind of movies do these films belong to？A．Action films．B．Detective films．C．Love stories．D．Science fiction．39．（10分）Choose the words and complete the passage．My Travel JournalSeptember 13I arrived in New York two weeks ago，I am writing this journal for one of my classes．My teacher says it is a good way for me to（50）writing in English，and to write about my experiences here in the United States．So far，I like New York and my school．I have three classes a day．Most of my classmates come from Japan，Korea，Spain，Germany，and Brazil．There aren't many fietnamese students，so I have to use English most of the time．I am learning a lot! I am living in a student housing，and I have my own comfortable（51）October 20My English is hopeless! I was on the bus this moming and a man spoke to me，but I hardly understood him．I was so embarrassed（尴尬）．Why is my English improvingso （52）？I want to make lots of American friends，but this isn't happening so easily．I feel shy，and it is hard for me to talk to some people，even my classmates! Ilike them，but sometimes Ican't understand them very well，I think I'm feeling homesick．I（53）my friends and family．It would be happier to be with them．October 27I went to a school party last Friday and it was（54）．I talked with a Japanese man named Kenji，and an Italian woman named Carla．We talked about our countries' customs and our experiences in the States so far，We are going to walk around the city togcther this weckend．（55），Kenji wants me to write for the student newspaper here at school．Maybe things are getting better!50．A．like B．practice C．remember D．finish 51．A．room B．house C．kitchen D．study 52．A．fluently B．easily C．slowly D．clearly 53．A．love B．miss C．enjoyable D．boring 54．A．surprising B．terrible C．enjoyable D．boring 55．A．Instead B．First C．However D．Also40．（10分）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文地空格内填入适当地词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）Moblog is a combination of two words．The first word is mobile，which means a mobile camera．The second word is blog，a website for posting words and pictures．Typically，mobloggers are people who take photos or videos with their phones and post them on the Internet．Moblogging has c（56） a lot of excitement and concern．With a picture phone or a moblog，anyone can be a r（57）．Moblogging first got the world' attention during a terrorist attack on four London buses．People were posting photos on the Internet many minutes b（58）real journalists．And，information about about car accidents has been broadcast right away．Moblogging is i（59）．People on some moblogs you can find photos offriends making funny faces，photos from people traveling，and photos of new babies．Other moblogs might be spotting famous people，pictures of food in restaurants，or new clothes．However，moblogs can be dangerous，too．Not long ago in Korea，a woman's dog made a mess on the train，but she r（60）to clean it up，became angry，and left．Her picture we taken and posted on the Internet，along with the story of what she did．People all around the country were angry with her．Imagine how she felt!Moblogging can be wonderful，but it is really r（61）to post another person's picture on the Internet without asking for permission．One idea from Japan may help：people can no longer q（62）take pictures with their cell phones，Japanese cell phones"click"like a real camera when you take a picture．41．（10分）Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）Getting AlongThe No．8Middle School Pence Club was having an important meeting to plan activities for the school's annual Peace on Earth Fair．Jamie，the club president，asked the students for their ideas．Vincent suggested a play，but Amy thought it was a stupid idea．She said it would be easier to just sing a song．Karen said that Amy was lazy．Gina wanted to invite a famous rock band，but Chris said she was dumb（愚蠢地）because they couldn't afford a rock band．"We should set up tables for people to write letters to world leaders"，suggested Jill．Soon，they were fighting．Everyone shouted and nobody listened．Jamie couldn't stand it anymore．"Everyone，be quiet!"she screamed．" This club is supposed to be about peace，but everyone is fighting! We can't teach other people about being peaceful if we can't show respect for one another，we shouldn't attack others' idea．We should listen to and respect every idea and make a plan based on everyone's，Vincent，will you begin again？""Well，my idea was a play，"said Vincent，"But I like Amy's idea about a song．""Gina had a good idea about rock bands，"said Amy，"But I think Chris is right．It's too expensive．What if we pretended to be rock stars？""That would be wonderful! It would be like Vincent's idea for a play，"added Chris．"We could sing songs about peace．"Soon the room was noisy again，but this time ．And they planned the best Peace on Earth Fair ever!63．What were the students of Peace Club doing？64．What was Gina's idea？65．Could they agree with each other at first？66．How did Jamie solve the problem？67．What can we learn from the story？68．What can be filled in the blank in the last paragraph？六、Writing（作文）42．（10分）Read this letter from Kim and write back in at least 60 words．阅读下列书信，写一封给Kim地回信，不少于60词，标点符号不占格Dear Sarah，I have a problem that I need to talk over with you because it's difficult for me to talk to my parents．I don't think they understand me．There is one thing that is important to me at the moment．I want to be happier．My parents don't let me go out with my friends very often and I often feel bored．Can you please tell me what to do？Yours，Kim2018年上海市青浦区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Choose the best answer（选择最恰当地答案）1．（1分）Which of the following word matches the sound /fʊl/？（）A．fill B．fool C．full D．fall【分析】下列哪一个词与音标/fʊl/相同．【解答】考查语音．A．fill [fil]．B．fool[fu：l]．C．full[ful]．D．fall[fɔ：l]．根据所给音标提示．可知，应该是full．故选：C．2．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others？（）A．What kind of food would you like？B．Please tell me the whole story．C．The flower is small and white．D．Where there is a will，there is a way．【分析】下面哪个下划线部分发音不同？【解答】考查语音．A你想要什么样地食物？What[wɒt]．B请把整个情况告诉我whole[həul]．C这朵花又小又白white [waɪt]．D有志者事竟成Where[weə（r）]．A，C，D选项划线部分发/w/．B选项划线部分发/h/．因此划线部分发音不同地一项是B．故选：B．3．（1分）Carl told us that his trip to the United States was _____ wonderful experience．（）A．a B．an C．the D．/【分析】卡尔告诉我们他去美国旅行是一次美妙地经历．【解答】此题考查不定冠词用法，a 、an 都表示一个，a用于辅音音素开头地单词前，an用于元音音素开头地单词前，此题中一次美妙地经历 a wonderful experience，wonderful 是以辅音音素开头地单词，故用a．故选：A．4．（1分）Our headmaster always encourages the school cooks to serve healthy meals ___ junk food．（）A．under B．of C．with D．without【分析】我们地校长总是鼓励学校地厨师们提供健康地饭菜而不是垃圾食品．【解答】under在..下面；of …地；with 拥有，伴随，和..；without 没有；根据句意我们地校长总是鼓励学校地厨师们提供健康地饭菜而不是垃圾食品．故用否定介词without故选：D．5．（1分）Instead ______ telling him the answer，the teacher helped him to read the text again．（）A．of B．for C．at D．to【分析】老师帮着他再次读课文，而不是告诉他答案．【解答】结合题干the teacher helped him to read the text again推断句意是"老师帮着他再次读课文，而不是告诉他答案．"所以设空出短语地意思是"代替/而不是"，应该是instead of．故选：A．6．（1分）Sorry，I can't quite understand you，Mr．Green．Would you please show us ____ example？（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others【分析】对不起，我不太了解你，格林先生．请你给我们另一个例子好吗？【解答】another另一个，又一个；the other两个中地另一个；others 其他地人或事；the others，一般用于结构some ..the others 中．此题根据语境："对不起，我不太了解你，格林先生．请你给我们另一个例子好吗？"另一个，又一个是another．故选：A．7．（1分）Would you please give us some ______ on how to keep fit，Doctor Wang？（）A．idea B．advice C．tip D．suggestion【分析】你能给我们一些如何保持健康地建议吗，王医生？【解答】A表示主意，可数名词；B表示建议，不可数名词；C表示窍门，可数名词；D表示建议，可数名词．此句中有some修饰，它修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数．故选：B．8．（1分）Both my father and my brother like Sichuan Hot Pot because it tastes _____．（）A．well B．bad C．nice D．terribly【分析】我爸爸和我哥哥都喜欢四川火锅，因为味道很好．【解答】考查形容词．A好．B坏地．C好地．D可怕地．结合语境"我爸爸和我哥哥都喜欢四川火锅，因为味道__．"．可知，tastes品尝起来，系动词，用形容词nice好地．构成系表结构．故选：C．9．（1分）Wolf﹣Warriors Ⅱ（战狼）was _____ popular than any other movie in China last year．（）A．many B．much C．most D．more【分析】去年在中国《战狼Ⅱ》比其他任何一部电影都更受欢迎．【解答】根据Wolf﹣Warriors Ⅱ（战狼）was _____ popular than any other movie in China last year，可知句子中含有than，应该用比较级形式．故选：D．10．（1分）Don't treat the animals like that，John．We ______ take good care of them．（）A．can B．should C．need D．may【分析】John，不要那样对待动物，我们应该好好照顾动物．【解答】结合选项可知本题考查情态动词，首先明确选项中每个单词地意思：A：能够；B：应该；C：需要（后面跟动词不定式）；D：可以；结合题干推测句意是"John，不要那样对待动物，我们应该好好照顾动物．"，所以should 符合句意，故选：B．11．（1分）The company ______ a lot of money since the new project was carried out．（）A．has made B．had made C．will make D．would make【分析】自从新项目实施以来，那个公司已经挣了很多钱．【解答】根据时间状语since the new project was carried out结合语境推断句意是"自从新项目实施以来，那个公司已经挣了很多钱．"，表示动作发生在过去持续到现在，所以谓语动词用现在完成时．现在完成时地构成是：主语+have/has +动词地过去分词；故选：A．12．（1分）Nancy _____ for the speech contest while her classmates were watching the game．（）A．is preparing B．has preparedC．was preparing D．will prepare【分析】当南茜地同学们正在观看比赛时，她正在准备演讲比赛．【解答】根据句中含有while引导地时间状语从句，且时态为过去进行时态，结合主句地谓语动词prepare也是延续性动词，故主句也用过去进行时态，表示与while引导是时间状语从句地谓语动词同时发生，表达地意思是"当南茜地同学们正在观看比赛时，她正在准备演讲比赛．"其结构为was/were +现在分词．故填入was preparing．故选：C．13．（1分）Women in China _____，have jobs，and are free to marry or not，as they choose．（）A．are educated B．were educatedC．have been educated D．can be educated【分析】在中国，妇女接受教育，有工作，自由选择结婚与否．【解答】首先根据语境推测句意是"在中国，妇女接受教育，有工作，自由选择结婚与否．"，句子表述地是一般性地事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是动作地承受者，所以用被动语态，一般现在时被动语态地构成是：主语+am/is/are+动词地过去分词．故选：A．14．（1分）After many year's hard work，the twins made up their minds _____ a restaurant of their own．（）A．open B．opening C．opened D．to open【分析】经过多年地辛勤工作，这对双胞胎决定开一家自己地餐厅．【解答】考查固定词组，make up one's mind to do sth．下决心做某事，后接动词不定式，故选：D．15．（1分）The volunteers were busy ____ the old people in the nursing home do some cleaning．（）A．help B．helping C．helped D．to help【分析】志愿者们忙着帮助养老院地老人打扫卫生．【解答】考查固定词组，be busy doing sth．忙于做某事，动词help要用动名词形式，故选：B．16．（1分）﹣Sorry，Mr．Oliver isn't in．﹣What a pity! Let us leave a message，_____？（）A．will we B．shall we C．will you D．shall you【分析】﹣﹣对不起，奥利弗先生不在．﹣﹣太遗憾了！让我们留个口信，好吗？【解答】根据前文Let us leave a message让我们留个口信，其中Let's意思是包括"我"在内地我们，其反义疑问句应该用shall we，如果是let us，则意思是不包括"我"在内地我们，其反义疑问句是will you．故选：C．17．（1分）____ the old watch doesn't work，my grandpa still keeps it as a treasure．（）A．Since B．Although C．Because D．Unless【分析】虽然这块旧手表坏了，我爷爷仍然把它当作珍宝保管．【解答】since自从，引导时间状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；although，尽管，引导让步状语从句；unless除非；引导条件状语从句；此题根据语境"虽然这块旧手表坏了，我爷爷仍然把它当作珍宝保管．"虽然是although．故选：B．18．（1分）Martin was asked to finish his homework in time，____ his parents would punish him．（）A．so B．for C．but D．or【分析】Martin被要求按时完成作业，否则他地父母会惩罚他．【解答】but但是，表示转折关系；or否则，或者，用于疑问句中，表示选择；for为了，表示目地；so因此，表示结果；此题根据语境"Martin被要求按时完成作业，否则他地父母会惩罚他．"否则应该用or；故选：D．19．（1分）﹣Excuse me，would you mind my opening the window？It's so stuffy （闷热）here．﹣______．Please go ahead．（）A．Never mind．B．You are welcome．C．Not at all．D．I agree．【分析】﹣﹣打扰了，你介意我打开窗户吗？这里太热了．﹣﹣一点也不．打开就行了．【解答】首先明确各选项中句子地意思，A：不要紧；B：不客气；C：一点也不；D：我赞同；根据前面一个人表达地意思是"打扰了，你介意我打开窗户吗？这里太热了．"，和设空处后面地"打开就行了"确定设空处填"一点也不"符合语境．故选：C．20．（1分）﹣A big tree fell on the roof of the concert hall in the storm last night．﹣_____．（）A．All right B．No problemC．Take care D．That's terrible【分析】﹣﹣昨天晚上暴风雨中一棵大树倒在了音乐大厅地屋顶．﹣﹣太可怕了．【解答】首先明确各选项中句子地意思，A：好吧；B：没问题；C：当心；D：太可怕了；根据前面一个人表达地意思是"昨天晚上暴风雨中一棵大树倒在了音乐大厅地屋顶．"，确定设空处填"太可怕了"符合语境．故选：D．二、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）21．（4分）A．fast B．sight C．thinking about D．above all E．smarter My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body is．All those years I thought I had the right answer．When I was younger，I thought sound was very important to us，so I said，"My ears，Mommy．"She said，"No．Many people are deaf．But you keep （21）Cit and I will ask you again soon．"Several years passed，and she asked me again．This time I told her，"Mommy，（22）Bis very important to everybody，so it must be our eyes．"She looked at me and told me，"You are learning（23）A，but the answer is not right because there are many people who are blind．"Over the years，mother asked me a couple more times and always her answer was，"No，but you are getting（24）Eevery year，my child．"【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍我母亲过去常问我身体最重要地部分是什么，这些年我一直认为我地答案是正确地．我觉得耳朵和眼睛很重要．妈妈都否认了．并夸奖我越来越聪明．也许受伤时有一个可以依靠地肩膀是最重要地．【解答】21．C．考查动词短语．句意"但是你一直在__，我很快会再问你．"．根据第一句My mother used to ask me what the most important part of the body is我母亲过去常问我身体最重要地部位是什么．及所给单词，可知，应该是"思考"．keep doing sth一直做某事．填动名词短语thinking about．22．B．考查名词．句意"__对每个人都很重要"．根据下一句so it must be our eyes 那一定是我们地眼睛．可知，应该是"视力"．选C．23．A．考查副词．句意"你学得很__"．．根据所给单词，可知，修饰动词learning．用副词fast快．选A．24．E．考查比较级．句意"不，但每年你变得__了"．get+形容词"变得…"．根据所给单词，可知，用形容词比较级smarter更聪明地．选E．22．（4分）A．in life B．bottom C．crying D．full of E．final Then last year，my Grandpa died．Everybody was hurt．Everybody was（25）C．My Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our（26）E good﹣bye to Grandpa．She asked me，"Do you know the most important body part yet，my dear？"I was surprised when she asked me this now．I always thought this was a game between her and me．"This question is very important．It show that you have really lived your life，"she said．I saw her eyes （27）D tears．She said，"My dear，the most important part is your shoulder．"I asked，"Is it because it holds up your head？"She answered，"No，it is because it can hold the head of a friend or loved one when they cry．Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime （28）A，my dear．I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cryon when you need it．"【分析】妈妈告诉我人最重要地身体部分是肩膀，能给朋友和爱人依靠．【解答】25．C．动词考查．结合前文my Grandpa died可知爷爷去世每个人都很伤心，在哭泣，故cry哭泣，故答案是C．26．E．形容词考查．结合前文my Grandpa died可知爷爷去世，故可知是最后地告别，final最后地，故答案是E．27．D．短语考查．结合tears眼泪，可知是眼里满是泪水，full of充满，故答案是D．28．A．短语考查．结合Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime 有时候每个人都有需要一个肩膀去哭泣，结合所给单词in life生活中，故答案是A．三、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）23．（2分）When I was young，I used to climb trees with my friends in the woods nearby．（wood）【分析】当我还小地时候，我经常和朋友在附近地树林里爬树．【解答】根据When I was young，I used to climb trees with my friends in the﹣﹣nearby．（wood）可知当我还小地时候，我经常和朋友在附近地树林里爬树．in the woods表示在树林里．故填woods．24．（2分）The study shows that the first British came to live on this island in the twelfth century．（twelve）【分析】研究表明，第一批英国人在十二世纪来到这个岛上生活．【解答】根据The study shows that the first British came to live on this island in the ﹣﹣century．（twelve）可知这里表示哪个世纪用序数词表示．故填twelfth．25．（2分）Many people would like to improve themselves by learning something new．（they）【分析】许多人想通过学习新事物来提高自己．【解答】根据Many people would like to improve﹣﹣by learning something new．可知这里考查improve oneself表示提高自己．故填themselves．26．（2分）The lady was pleased to see that her lost puppy came back home again．（pleasure）【分析】这位女士很高兴地看到她丢失地小狗又回家了．【解答】根据The lady was﹣﹣to see that her lost puppy came back home again，可知句子考查be pleased to do sth表示高兴做某事．故填pleased．27．（2分）The patient's operation is successful，and he's sure to recover in several weeks．（operate）【分析】病人地手术是成功地，而且他肯定会在几周内康复．【解答】根据The patient's﹣﹣is successful，and he's sure to recover in several weeks．（operate）可知这里放在名词所有格后面跟一个名词形式．故填operation．28．（2分）The local government made rules to prevent dishonest traders（商人）from cheating．（honest）【分析】地方政府制定规则防止不诚实地商人作弊．【解答】根据The local government made rules to prevent﹣﹣traders（商人）from cheating．（honest）可知地方政府制定规则防止不诚实地商人作弊．这里用honest 地反义词dishonest．故填dishonest．29．（2分）The wind blow gently，and we could see kites flying high in the sky．（gentle）【分析】风轻轻地吹着，我们可以看见风筝在天空中飞得很高．【解答】根据The wind blow﹣﹣，and we could see kites flying high in the sky．（gentle）可知这里修饰动词用副词形式．故填gently．30．（1分）The boy fell into the river，and a passerby heard the cry and went to save him．（safe）【分析】男孩掉进河里，一个过路人听到喊声，就走过去救他．【解答】根据The boy fell into the river，and a passerby heard the cry and went to ﹣﹣him．（safe）可知这里考查go to do sth表示去做某事．故填save．四、Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子．每空格限填一词）31．（1分）The students of Grade 6have anA rt andC rafts lesson on Monday．（改为否定句）The students of Grade 6don't have anA rt andC rafts lesson on Monday．【分析】﹣﹣六年级地学生星期一上美术和工艺课．﹣﹣六年级地学生星期一不上美术和工艺课．【解答】考查否定句．由have动词原形．可知，一般现在时态．主语students 复数．含有实意动词，变否定句在实意动词前加don't．谓语动词用原形have．故答案是：don't have．32．（1分）The new Science Museum will be open to the public in two months．（对划线部分提问）How soon will the new Science Museum be open to the public？【分析】﹣﹣新地科学博物馆将在两个月内向公众开放．﹣﹣新地科技博物馆将于多久之后开放给公众？【解答】考查划线部分提问．根据in two months两个月内．可知，对in加一段时间地一般将来时态提问，用疑问词组how soon多久以后．故答案是：How soon．33．（1分）Shall we surf the Internet for more attention about the pyramids？（保持句意基本不变）Why not surf the Internet for more attention about the pyramids？【分析】﹣﹣让我们上网更多关注金字塔好吗？﹣﹣为什么不上网更多关注金字塔呢？【解答】考查同义句．"让我们上网更多关注金字塔好吗？"可以表达为"为什么不上网更多关注金字塔呢？"why not do为什么不…表示建议．故答案是：Why not．34．（1分）Their performance was very funny．The audience laughed all the time．（合并为一句）Their performance was so funny that the audience laughed all the time．【分析】﹣﹣他们地表演非常滑稽，观众们都笑了．﹣﹣他们地表演如此滑稽，以至于观众们都笑了起来．【解答】考查同义句．"他们地表演非常滑稽，观众们都笑了"，可以表达为"他们地表演如此滑稽，以至于观众们都笑了起来"．用so…that…"如此…以至于…"引导地结果状语从句．故答案是：so；that．35．（1分）Our monitor told us，"We will move to a new campus（校园）next year．"（改为宾语从句）Our monitor told us that we would move to a new campus the next year．【分析】班长告诉我们："明年我们将搬到一个新校区去．"【解答】考查宾语从句，宾语从句中保持陈述句地语序，当主句为过去时，从句要采用相应地时态，Our monitor told us为一般过去时，句子中the next year用于过去将来时，故填：would；move．36．（1分）The Indian woman has an amazing memory．（改为感叹句）What an amazing memory the Indian woman has!【分析】这位印度女人有惊人地记忆力．这位印度女人有多么惊人地记忆力!【解答】考查感叹句，What修饰名词词组，how修饰形容词或副词，句子中amazing memory惊人地记忆力，名词词组，感叹句结构为What +a/an+形容词+可数名词单数！故填：What an．37．（1分）I，my suggestion，them，help，hope，can（连词成句）I hope my suggestion can help them．【分析】I hope my suggestion can help them我希望我地建议能对他们有所帮助．【解答】首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合地句子是一个陈述句，组合成地句子地句意是"我希望我地建议能对他们有所帮助．"，这里句子叙述一件事实，主句地时态用一般现在时，hope后面跟一个宾语从句，can是一个情态动词，后面跟动词原形．故答案为：I hope my suggestion can help them．五、Reading comprehension38．（10分）Choose the best answer．The Time MachineA scientist and inventor decides to prove that time travel is possible．He wants to changc the past To test his idea，he travels 800，000 years into the future withthehelp of his own invention﹣a time machine…I will be pul on in the NationalTheatre on Aug 29th to Sep .4th．Wonder WomanAn Amazon princess lived a peaceful life on an island occupied only by female soldies．When a pilot crashed on the island ，she learned that World War was destroying the planet．So sheE．T．A group of aliens visit the earth and one ofthem．E．T．，get lost and is left on this planet．He is found by a l0﹣year﹣old，Elliot，Soon the two begin to communicate and start a different kind of friendship．E．T．wants to go home，but if ELliot helps him，he'll lose a。
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上海市青浦区2018届高三期末（一模）英语试题（时间120分钟，满分150分）考生注意：1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第12页）两部分。
全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。
第Ⅰ卷（1-16小题，41-77小题）由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第Ⅰ卷中的第17-40小题，78-81小题和第II 卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversationsbetween two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At 1:15. B. At 1:45. C. At 2:00.D. At 2:20.2. A. At the hotel. B. At the airport.C. At the travel agency.D. At the railway station.3. A. Mother and son. B. Sister and brother. [来源:中.国教.育出.版网]C. Professor and student.D. Boss and assistant.4. A. The two speakers are close friends. B. The woman isa history teacher.C. The man goes shopping in the art store.D. The woman is getting directions.5. A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.D. Rainy.6. A. The woman will take two more outfits to the reception.B. There are too many guests in the reception.C. The woman is more considerate than the man.D. It is wiser to follow the routine.7. A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Depressed. D. Thankful.8. A. The woman is too forgetful. B. The woman seldom loses things.C. The woman shouldn’t get annoyed.D. The woman has too many mobile phones.9. A. Because Rob is more intelligent.B. Because the parents can’t afford the cost for two kids.C. Because she has been abroad before.D. Because the parents don’t think highly of the experience.[来源:z+zs+]10. A. They are on the wrong way. B. The woman knows the way.C. The car has broken down.D. The man doesn’t knowhow to drive.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To work for Mr. Brown. B. To bake cakes.C. To take a training course.D. To go to Paris.12. A. By taking a cooking test. B. By writing to Mr. Brown.C. By making a delicious cake.D. By having baking experience.13. A. Popular. B. Optimistic. C. Experienced.D. Ambitious.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Great market demands for online buying.B. Benefits for businessmen and consumers.[来源:]C. Group buying online — a new shopping model.D. Discounts and good services available online.15. A. By purchasing cheaper goods.B. By inviting others to buy together.C. By providing personal information publicly.D. By checking the conditions of sales carefully.16. A. Consumers gain more benefits than merchants.B. There are many problems in group buying online.C. The group buying business is now in good condition.D. Group buying helps merchants to sell more products.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I hated dinner parties. But I decided (25)__________ (give)them another try because I’m in London. And my friend Mallery invited me. And because (26)__________ dinner parties in London are very different from those in New York. In New York, ‚I’m having a dinner party‛ means ‚I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant you (27)__________ hardly afford and we’ll be sharing the check evenly, (28)__________ you eat.‛Worse, in Manhattan, there is always someone who (29)__________ (leave) before the bill arrives. They’ll throw down cash, half of what they owe, and then people like me, who don’t drink, end up (30)__________ (pay) even more. But if I try to use the same trick, the hostess will shout: ‚Where are you going?‛ And it’s not like that I can’t say I have somewhere to go: everyone knows I have nowhere to go.But in London, dinner parties are in people’s homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India, Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations. In New York, the mix is like a gathering at Bloomingdale’s, a well-known department store. Personally, I think dinner parties in London are (31)__________ (impressive) than this.For New Yorkers, talking about other parts of the world means Brooklyn (District) and Queens (District) in New York.But at Mallery’s, when I said that I (32) __________ (be) to Myanmar recently, people knew where it was. In New York people would think it was a usual new club. [来源:中国教育出版网](B)Several factors led to my recent car accident. First of all, a heavy snow and freezing rain that had fallen the day before made the road I was driving on dangerous. The road had been cleared, (33)__________ it was still dangerously icy. Despite the slippery road, I was stupidly going along (34)__________ about 50 miles an hour, instead of driving more cautiously. Another factor was a dirty green van that suddenly pulled onto the road from a small crossroad of the street about fifty yards ahead of me. The road (35)__________ (cover) with a sheet of ice at that point and if I applied my brakes, I would steer into the van. So I carefully drove my car into the next lane, and though the rear (后部) of my car began skidding back and forth, for a moment I got the idea (36)__________ everything was OK as I drove past the slow-moving van.Unfortunately, the rear of my Volkswagen was heavy (37)__________ the engine was there and also because there wasa new weight-lifting set (38)__________ (lay) in the back seat, the result of (39)__________ was that after I passed the van, my car turned completely around on the slippery road. I was desperately sliding down the highway backwards at 50 miles an hour. Then I slid off the road, (40)__________ (hit) a wooden fence post. My left rear taillight was broken in the process. Then I suddenly saw a telephone pole about only 6 feet to the right of me, and I realized my accident could have really been a disaster.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ducks offer certain advantages over hens. Ducks are immune to some 41diseases found in hens. Some breeds of duck produce bigger eggs than hens. In 42 , ducks lay eggs over a longer season than hens do.Poultry（禽类） keepers with gardens have less to worry about if they keep ducks rather than hens because the former are unlikely to dig up plants and destroy roots. While both hens and ducks 43 the garden by eating pests, hens are known to damage grass beds. Ducks, on the other hand, will search for insects more 44 . Only very delicate plants are at risk from the broad, webbed feet of ducks.Like all waterbirds, ducks need 45 to water, and duck keepers typically provide this by building a pond. Something this large is not absolutely necessary, however, ducks need only to be able to 46 their heads in the water to keep their nose clean. If a pond is provided, though, it is important to keep baby ducks away from it until they are old enough to put up with the cool temperature of the water.When 47 ducks, one has to consider just how many the land will support. The rule is generally about 100 ducks per acre. If more than this proportion is introduced, there is a risk of pressing the soil, which can lead to 48 conditionsfor long periods as the rain is not easily absorbed into the ground.While ducks offer many advantages over hens, they must be given a greater quantity of food, especially if regular eggs are 49 . An adult duck will eat between 170 to 200 grams of food a day. If the ducks live near grass and a pond, they will be able to find for themselves approximately 70% of their daily dietary requirements in warmer months but less than half that in colder times. Therefore, it is important that they be 50 onenough food, such as grain, every day.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A [来源:中教网]Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Scientists fear rising energy bills may lead to an increasein obesity after discovering a link between poorly-heated homes and higher body fat.Researchers from the University of Stirling’s BehavioralScience Centre 51 to explore claims that warm indoor temperatures have 52 increasing obesity levels in winter. Instead, the team found that people who live in 53 homes are more likely to have low body mass index (BMI) levels while those who keep their heating 54 or off tend to be heavier.Dr Michael Daly, behavioral scientist and senior lecturer, said: ‚We come on to investigate the scientific claims that cooler indoor temperatures help us to 55 a healthy weight by pushing our bodies to consume more 56 through shivering and generating heat through tissues.‛ In fact, the research suggests people may eat less and57 more energy when living in a warmer indoor environment.The 13-year study, published in the journal Obesity, 58 more than 100,000 adults across England. Researchers found 59 weight levels among people living in homes heated to above 23°C (73F), which accounted for about 15,000 of the households studied.Dr Daly said: ‚As national gas bills continue to rise faster than the rate of inflation(通货膨胀), this research suggests the 60 of obesity could worsen where heating dropped below 61 levels or off for lengthy periods to cut costs.‚This is not just about people who live in warm enough homes being in the 62position to afford more expensive low-calorie foods, exercise classes and sporting activities. 63 , they find it easier to stay at a low BMI level. The study took age, gender, social class and other factors into account.‚The comfortable surrounding temperature of 20.3-23°C is where we feel comfortable in our 64 and are neither hot nor cold. At temperatures above this, we consume more energy and we eat less because our 65 is taken away.‛51. A. set up B. set out C. set off D. set about52. A.contributedto[来源:中#教#网z#z#s#tep] B. devoted to C. resultedfromD. differedfrom53. A.well-heated B.well-designedC.well-organizedD.well-decorated54. A. turned on B. turned out C. turned up D. turneddownD. preserve55. A. stay B. drain C.maintain[来源:z+zs+tep.com]56. A. energy B. strength C. power D. muscle57. A. explore B. exhaust C. exploit D. burn58. A. impacted B. involved C. imposed D. inspired59. A. increased B. added C. reduced D. lost60. A. miracle B. existence C. trend D. delivery61. A. sensitive B. agreeable C. graceful D. presentC. socialD. defensive62. A. financial B.appropriate63. A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore64. A. shoes B. moods C. spirits D. clothes65. A. nerve B. appetite C. stomach D. labor Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The composing career of Albert Roussel got off to a disobedient start, and received one of its biggest boosts from a lie.Roussel was orphaned at the age of eight and went to live with his grandfather. He built on the music he had learned from his mother, entertaining himself by reading through the family music collection and playing operatic selections and popular songs on the piano.Three years later Roussel’s grandfather died, and his mother’s sister took him in. Her husband arranged for young Albert to take piano lessons. Summer vacations at a Belgian seaside resort added a second love to his life — the sea. He studied to be a naval cadet（军校学生）, but still made time to study music.In the French Navy, while he was sent to a warship based at Cherbourg, he and two friends found the time to play the piano trios of Beethoven and other composers. Roussel also began composing. At the Church of the Trinity in Cherbourg on Christmas Day 1892, he staged the performance of his Andante （行板乐曲）for the first time as a composer.That success encouraged Roussel to write a wedding march, and one of his fellow naval officers offered to show it to aprominent conductor, Edouard Colonne. When Roussel’s friend returned with the draft of the march, he reported that Colonne had advised Roussel to give up his naval career and devote his life to music.Not long afterward, at the age of 25, Roussel did just that. He applied the self-discipline, simplicity, and spirituality that he had developed in the navy to his composing and became a major force in twentieth century French music. As for Eduoard Colonne’s inspiring advice that Roussel devote his life to music — Roussel’s navy friend later admitted that he had made it up and that he had never even shown Roussel’s draft to the world famous conductor.66. Which of the following is true of Roussel?A. Roussel was adopted by his aunt when he was 10 years old.B. Roussel applied what he had developed in the Navy to his composing.C. Roussel lived with his grandfather at 8 with his parents living in another city.D. Roussel spent his summer vacations at a seaside resort to be a naval soldier.67. On Dec.25th, 1892, at the church in Cherbourg, Roussel __________.A. played the piano trios of Beethoven and other composersB. made time to play music with his two friendsC. made his first performance as a composerD. took piano lessons and played popular songs on the piano68. The underlined word ‚prominent‛ in Paragraph 5 is similarin meaning to ‚__________‛.A. graciousB. religiousC. generousD. well-known69. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. a composer’s professional training experienceB. a navy cadet’s dreamC. a well-intentioned trickD. the shortcut to become a composer(B)70. One of the purposes of a networking mixer held each year is to ________.A. provide students with greater control over the mediaB. link cultural information to recognizable plantsC. help the students to deal with most of the environment issuesD. help the students to be familiar with educational programs71. Which of the following is true according to the poster?A. Evening workshops will be held at small restaurants with meals included.B. Participants have more than one option on Feb.5th than another night.C. Workshops have nothing to do with the discussions held at SEB meetings.D. Faculty advisers can join the mixer without training experience.72. You are a college student, interested in plants and goodat taking TV pictures. Which of the Evening Workshops is most suitable for you?A. Botanical Film Making.B. Collections for Botany.C. Student Network.D. Society for EconomicBotany.73. Which of the following is discouraged by Evening Workshops?A. To invite faculty advisers to discuss the management issues.B. To encourage student members of the SEB to meet one another.C. To expect experienced filmmakers to attend Botanical Film Making.D. To increase the quality of material recorded.(C)If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station, you don’t need to feel surprised. They are a flash mob. Don’t be confused by their name. Actually, a flash mob, organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communications networks, is a group of people who assemble suddenly in a public place, do something unusual for a period of time, such as exchanging books, coming together to look at the sky, waving their hands and shouting something at the top of their lungs for 30 seconds, and then quickly disappear before the police can arrive.Bill Wasik, senior editor of Harper’s Magazine, organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003 and the first successful flash mob assembled on June 3, 2003 at Macy’s department store involving 100 people gathering on Macy’s Department Store. Following this, about 200 people flooded the lobby of the Hyatt hotel, applauding in one voice for fifteen seconds, and next participants pretending to be tourists on a bus trip invaded a shoe boutique in Soho. A later mob saw hundreds of people in Central Park making bird noises.Wasik claimed that he created flash mobs as a social experiment designed to tease hipsters（追逐时尚的人）, and highlight the cultural atmosphere of agreement and of being part of ‚the next big thing‛.Many Web logs, chat rooms and Web groups are devoted to the craze. Though flash mobs were originally regarded as pointless, the concept has already developed for the benefit of political and social events. Flash mobbing takes advantage of the efficiency of communicating information on Websites and by email, and protesters can similarly use the ‚on and off‛concept to be involved in political events. Such flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock or frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place. They also have enormous economicpotential, such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular. People use it to do many things. For example, in 2009, hundreds of Michael Jackson’s fans took part in a flash mob to remember him, gathering outside the railway station in Liverpool, singing and dancing Michael’s famous song Beat It together. In another example, some people took part in a flash mob to warn people against negative words. Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory.74. The purpose of flash mobs created by Wasik is to __________.A. make flash mobs a social experiment with political, social and economic potentialB. give people an opportunity to assemble and perform some distractionC. make fun of hipsters and emphasize the cultural atmosphereof agreement and participationD. make communicating information efficient and help people create a memory75. People took part in the following activities of flash mobsexcept that __________.A. they pretended to take a bus trip and invaded a shoe shop in SohoB. they got together in central Park and played birdsongC. they gathered upon the railway station in Liverpool, singing Beat It and dancingD. they assembled in the department store and applauded together for 15 seconds76. Which of the following could most possibly be a flash mobaccording to the passage?A. Sixteen people get together quickly on the square and dojumping and singing and leave there suddenly.B. A group of people are busy giving out leaflets of alimousine of a brand to those walking in front of them.C. Some tourists plan for months and go mountaineering on thefirst day of Horse Year.D. Protesters from different factories sit for days in frontof the city hall for low wage.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Flash mob: the political potentialB. Flash mob: the pop cultureC. Flash mob: the source of informationD. Flash mob: the short-term memorySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Every year in America, high-school students who want to go on to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at all. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one’s mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That’s an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside,have you ever seen young people’s handwriting lately? Or anyone’s for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise, penmanship（书法）— once taught so morally and carefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out.Yet today’s kids are asked to write, in a thoughtful and clear way, for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the test scorers who must work out difficultly what has been written by young people who’ve been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one’s score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress potential employers and get more tax money back because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations. And don’t forget, we all have to rely on handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when the power goes out.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. In SAT, students will be tested on math, grammar, reading and________________________________________________________ __.79. What does the underlined word ‚scribble‛ in paragraph 2 mean?_______________________________________________________ ___.80. Why did the writer think test scorers would have a hard time?_______________________________________________________ ___.81. With this passage, the author intended to offer the advice that_______________________________________________________ ___.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．那家新开的咖啡馆每月盈利5千元。