托马斯哈代英文生评
Thomas-Hardy人物介绍英语课
And he succeeded! From the first novel, "The Desperate Remedies" to the fourth novel "Far from the Madding Crowd", he has had become a famous novelist.
And "Jude" is an incest story about a youth falls in love with his sister, 《裘德》写的是一个青年与他自己的妹妹相爱的故事
which brings tragedy to the whole family.
but it seems like Hardy wasn't really satisfied with what he has done. 但是哈代并不喜欢他的工作。
Because he had a dream, he wanted to become a writer. 他有一个梦想，他想成为一个文艺青年。
从第一部小说《计出无奈》开始，到第四部小说《远离尘嚣》时，他已经 变成一个著名的小说家了。
Since then, he gave up his architectural career and began to concentrate on writing novels.
HardyandTess托马斯·哈代简介和作品赏析
哈代被誉为英国文学史上重要的 现实主义作家之一，他的作品以 深刻的社会洞察力和对人性的深 刻理解而著称。
跨时代的意义
哈代的作品不仅在当时引起了广 泛的关注和讨论，而且对后世产 生了深远的影响，具有跨时代的 意义。
世界文学宝库中的
瑰宝
哈代的作品被誉为世界文学宝库 中的瑰宝之一，他的作品以其深 刻的思想内涵、精湛的艺术技巧 和独特的审美价值而广受赞誉。
艺术特色及文学价值
艺术特色
哈代在《无名的裘德》中运用了象征、隐喻 等艺术手法，使得小说具有深厚的艺术内涵 。同时，他通过对自然景色的细腻描绘，将 人物的情感与自然环境融为一体，增强了小 说的感染力。
文学价值
《无名的裘德》是哈代的代表作之一，它揭 示了人性的复杂性和社会的残酷性，对当时 的社会现实进行了深刻的批判。同时，小说 中的艺术特色和文学价值也使得它成为英国 文学史上的经典之作。
文学价值
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代的代表作之一，也是世界文学史上的经典之作。它揭示 了资本主义社会中的道德沦丧、阶级矛盾等问题，对人性、爱情、婚姻等主题进 行了深刻的探讨，具有很高的文学价值。
社会意义与影响
社会意义
小说通过苔丝的悲惨遭遇，揭示了资本主义社会中女性的地位和处境，呼吁人们关注女性权益和社会 公正。同时，它也揭示了人性的复杂性和社会的黑暗面，对人们的思想观念产生了深远的影响。
哈代
2）中期：《还乡》《林地居民》《卡斯特桥市长》 《还乡》的出版标志着哈代的小说创作在主题、题材和艺 术风格方面进入到一个新的时期。 从《还乡》到《林地居民》问世，哈代基本形成了自己 的现实主义理论、悲剧观念和美学思想。 《卡斯特桥市长》使他的悲剧小说在主题上达到了高潮。 3）晚期：《徳伯家的苔丝》《无名的裘德》
《苔丝》艺术成就
1、对时代氛围的高超把握，新时代背景下悲 剧观念的拓展以及“圆形人物”的出色塑 造。
2、景物描写出色，பைடு நூலகம்塑造的不仅是人物活动 的背景，而且富于感情和生命。
“也许是空气的性质从沉闷到轻松的变 化，也许是她觉得已经到了没有人用恶意 的眼光看待她的新地方，于是她的精神奇 妙地振作起来。迎着温柔的南风，她一路 跳跃着向前走去，她的希望同阳光融合在 一起，似乎幻化成了一道环绕着她的光环。 在吹来的阵阵微风中，她听得出快乐的声 音，在一声声鸟的啼鸣里，也似乎潜藏着 欢愉。” ——苔丝来到英伦谷，决定重新开始生活
• 小说创作时期
1）早期：《绿荫下》《一双蓝眼睛》《远离尘嚣》《贝妲 的婚姻》 主要抒发美丽的田园理想、描写宗法制社会的自然文明和 农村的传统风习。 其中，《绿荫下》是最能反映作者田园理想的作品，集中 体现了哈代认为威塞克斯农村社会能够暂时保持和谐的思 想。 而《远离尘嚣》不仅是哈代早期小说在思想和艺术上达 到高峰的标志，而且表明哈代过去、现在和未来都是作为 一个地方主义作家进行创作的。从这部小说开始，哈代便 始终把威塞克斯作为自己作品中一个统一的地理背景来描 写，致力于写作一系列被成为地方性类型的小说。
托马斯哈代
From 1862 to 1867 he served as assistant of one architect. Ill health forced him to return to Dorset,where he worked for Hicks an his successor until 1874
Grave of Thomas Hardy
It was Hardy's wish that he be buried at Stinsford. However, after his death, the authorities at Westminster Abbey suggested he be buried in 'Poets' Corner'. Faced with this dilemma his wife decided that his heart should be buried at Stinsford and his ashes be interred in the Abbey.
Hardy’s wife died in 1912,and in 1914he married Florence Emily Dugdale, a children’s book writer,some 40years his junior.
英国作家哈代个人及作品简介1_thomas_hardy__
对维多利亚时代道德的批判
哈代的作品对维多利亚时代的道德观念进行了深刻的批判，揭示了其虚伪和不合理的一面。
对社会习俗的反抗
他的作品中的角色经常对社会习俗进行反抗，展现了哈代对于社会习俗的深刻不满和批判。
04
CHAPTER
哈代在英国文学中的地位与影响
哈代作为19世纪末的英国作家，继承了维多利亚时代的文学传统，同时又对其进行了颠覆和创新。
故土情怀
作品通过描绘主人公与故乡自然风光的融合，强调了人与自然和谐相处的重要性。
人与自然
作品中展现了现代文明与传统文化的冲突，反映了哈代对传统文化保护的忧虑。
文化冲突
03
CHAPTER
哈代的作品风格与主题
哈代的作品中，对于人物、环境、社会现象等的描绘都极为细致，使读者仿佛置身其中，能够深刻感受到作品所描绘的世界。
哈代在多塞特郡的本地学校接受基础教育，后来获得奖学金进入伦敦的皇家学院学习建筑。然而，他对文学的热爱逐渐胜过了对建筑的兴趣。
教育经历
出生地与家庭背景
文学起步
01
哈代在伦敦期间开始尝试诗歌创作，并在一些杂志上发表作品。他的诗歌风格独特，融入了多塞特郡的乡村风情和人物的悲剧色彩。
小说创作
02
哈代的小说作品最为人所熟知，其中包括《远离尘嚣》、《无名的裘德》等。这些作品通常描写了乡村人物的命运与挣扎，反映了工业化和城市化对乡村社会的影响。
托马斯哈代介绍
Hardy’s First Wife
Emma Gifford :
a woman of high social status.
She had a very interesting personality and was always remember by visitors to the Hardy household. She died in 1912. Thomas and Emma Hardy resided at Max Gate from 1884 onward.
Desighed by Hardy himself
Second wife
—Hardy’s nurse, companion and fan.
In 1914, Hardy married his secretary Florence Emily Dugdale, who was 39 years his junior.
Due to Florence’s care, Hardy could remain healthy and continue his writing career.
托马斯哈代（1840～1928）英国诗人、小说家。他 是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说 为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚 年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。 哈代1840年6月2日生于英国西南部的一个小村庄， 毗邻多塞特郡大荒原，这里的自然环境日后成了哈 代作品的主要背景。他的父亲是石匠，但爱好音乐。 父母都重视对哈代的文化教育。1856年哈代离开学 校，给一名建筑师当学徒。1862年前往伦敦，任建 筑绘图员，并在伦敦大学进修语言，开始文学创作。
德伯家的苔丝
However, God, “The President of the Immoral” begins to play a
cruel joke on this innocent girl. One day her father, John Durbeyfied learns that they are descended from the D’Urbervilles, an ancient
The main characters
Alec d'Urberville
The representative of the wickedness is Alec. He is the son of a rich merchant who adds the name of D’Uberville to his own name. He was a fraud as well as a morally corrupt person. This duplicity of character was so intense in Alec, and its consequences for Tess was so severe, that he became diabolical. He rapes Tess when she is no more than sixteen or seventeen years old, and later pursues her relentlessly.
托马斯·哈代
and
• “威塞克斯小说”（Wessex Novels） 威塞克斯小说” Novels） 威塞克斯小说 以英国西南部威塞克斯农村地区为 背景 ，反映资本主义工业文明对农 村自然经济的侵蚀， 村自然经济的侵蚀，其中蕴涵着作者 无可奈何的悲观情绪。 无可奈何的悲观情绪。
还乡》 《还乡》 (The Return of the Native,1878)： Native,1878)： 一部关于人、 一部关于人、自然与命 运的小说。 运的小说。
爱敦荒原 : 传达作者对自然与人关系的哲理思 从而展开悲剧性主题。 考，从而展开悲剧性主题。
卡斯特桥市长》 《卡斯特桥市长》 (The mayor of Casterbridge,1886) 小说的重心从人与自然 转向了人与性格的关 系，进一步揭示作者 的命运观念。 的命运观念。
无名的裘德》 《无名的裘德》(Jude the Obscure,1895) 将个人的悲剧扩展为社会悲剧， 将个人的悲剧扩展为社会悲剧，同样也 作者回天乏力的悲苦之情。 有作者回天乏力的悲苦之情。
德伯家的苔丝》 四、《德伯家的苔丝》
（一）对社会传统道德的否定 “可怜你这受了伤的名 我的胸膛就是一张床， 字！我的胸膛就是一张床， 要给你息养！ 要给你息养！” ——莎士比亚 莎士比亚
（二）人性与文明的冲突
（三）命运观 “天神掌握着我们的命运，正像顽童捉到 天神掌握着我们的命运， 飞虫一样，为了戏弄而把我们杀死。 飞虫一样，为了戏弄而把我们杀死。” 典刑明正了， “典刑明正了，埃斯库罗斯所说的那个众 神的主宰对于苔丝的戏弄完结了。 神的主宰对于苔丝的戏弄完结了。”
哈代 介绍简介-哈代 简历-哈代 作品,名人故事
精心整理
哈代介绍简介-哈代简历-哈代作品,名人故事
Hardy，Thomas(1840-06-02，多塞特郡多切斯特～1928-01-11，多切斯特的麦克斯门)。生平16岁开始做建筑学徒，后为建筑师助理，司教堂修复。建筑论文曾获英国皇家建筑学会奖。有音乐、绘画及语言才能，通古希腊文及拉丁文。在哲学、文学和自然科学方面有广博学识。受当时科学重大发现进化论影响，在宗教方面成为
1869
哈
、《还乡》、
的裘德》最为杰出。前者写贫苦美丽的挤奶女工苔丝因年轻无知而失身于富家恶少亚雷·德伯，受尽精神上和物质上的煎熬，最后失去自己真心爱恋的安玑·克莱，悲愤绝望之中，杀死亚雷，坦然走上绞架。后一部小说写贫苦善良的孤儿裘德·范立奋发自学欲赴高等学府深造，但无入门之道。他与志趣相投的表妹淑·布莱德赫双双摆脱法定配偶而自由结合，但为社会所排斥，流浪街头，最后家破人亡。这些
作品表现了时代的先进思想，向维多利亚时代旧有习俗观念和制度提出严正挑战，在当时遭到非议。他的性格与环境的小说，大多是通过描述男女主人公一生的奋斗、追求、幻灭，反映人对美好生活和理想的追求，以及在此过程中人与环境(包括人与人之间)的剧烈冲突，因而富有广泛深刻的社会意义和哲理。属于罗曼史与幻想的小说，大致包括《一双湛蓝的秋波》、《司号长》、《塔中恋人》、《意中人》，侧重描绘以
事》、
、
的小说更具有现代意识。诗剧《列王》是哈代思想艺术集大成之佳作。它以拿破仑战争为题材，囊括了欧洲与战争有关的种种地区和场所，出场人数达数百人。它属于不供演出用的案头剧，气势宏伟，语言优美，运用无韵诗、有韵诗及散文3种文体形式。哈代凭借战争进程中的各个重要环节，进一步深入阐发了他已往在小说和短诗中表达的思想。这部诗剧是作者近60年文学创作的深化和总结。
托马斯哈代介绍
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
Hardy's works reflect the profound changes in social economy, politics, morality, customs and the tragic fate of the people (especially women) after the invasion of capitalism into the British countryside. It exposed the hypocrisy of the bourgeois morality, law and religion. His work is a connecting link between the preceding and the following.
He not only inherited the excellent tradition of English critical realism, but also opened up the road for the 20th century English literature.
Wessex Poems and Other Verses (1898) Poems of the Past and the Present (1901) Time's Laughingstocks and Other Verses (1909) Satires of Circumstance (1914) Moments of Vision (1917) Collected Poems (1919) Late Lyrics and Earlier with Many Other Verses (1923)
ThomasHardy简介
哈代（1840～1928）英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。
哈代1840年6月2日生于英国西南部的一个小村庄，毗邻多塞特郡大荒原，这里的自然环境日后成了哈代作品的主要背景。他的父亲是石匠，但爱好音乐。父母都重视对哈代的文化教育。1856年哈代离开学校，给一名建筑师当学徒。1862年前往伦敦，任建筑绘图员，并在伦敦大学进修语言，开始文学创作。
Thomas Hardy was born on June 2, 1840, in Higher Bockhampton in Dorset, a rural region of southwestern England that was to become the focus of his fiction. His father , who likes music very much, was a stonemason. Hardy parents attached great importance to his education. Being the child of a builder, Hardy left school and apprenticed at the age of sixteen to John Hicks, an architect who lived in the city of Dorchester. The location would later serve as the model for Hardy’s fictional Casterbridge. In 1862, Hardy went to London served as architectural draftsman. And studied language at London University, meanwhile,he began his writing.
哈代
哈代（1840～1928）英国诗人、小说家。他是横跨两个世纪的作家，早期和中期的创作以小说为主，继承和发扬了维多利亚时代的文学传统；晚年以其出色的诗歌开拓了英国20世纪的文学。
哈代1840年6月2日生于英国西南部的一个小村庄，毗邻多塞特郡大荒原，这里的自然环境日后成了哈代作品的主要背景。他的父亲是石匠，但爱好音乐。父母都重视对哈代的文化教育。1856年哈代离开学校，给一名建筑师当学徒。1862年前往伦敦，任建筑绘图员，并在伦敦大学进修语言，开始文学创作。
哈代的文学生涯开始于诗歌，后因无缘发表，改事小说创作。他的第一部长篇小说《计出无奈》问世于1871年。成名作是他的第四部小说《远离尘嚣》（1874）。从此，他放弃建筑职业，致力于小说创作。
哈代一生共发表了近20部长篇小说，其中最著名的当推《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》、《还乡》和《卡斯特桥市长》。诗8集，共918首，此外，还有许多以“威塞克斯故事”为总名的中短篇小说，以及长篇史诗剧《列王》。
哈代的作品反映了资本主义侵入英国农村城镇后所引起的社会经济、政治、道德、风俗等方面的深刻变化以及人民（尤其是妇女）的悲惨命运，揭露了资产阶级道德、法律和宗教的虚伪性。他的作品承上启下，既继承了英国批判现实主义的优秀传统，也为20世纪的英国文学开拓了道路。
Thomas Hardy was born on June 2, 1840, in Higher Bockhampton in Dorset, a rural region of southwestern England that was to become the focus of his fiction. The child of a builder, Hardy was apprenticed at the age of sixteen to John Hicks, an architect who lived in the city of Dorchester. The location would later serve as the model for Hardy’s fictional Casterbridge. Although he gave serious thought to attending university and entering the church, a struggle he would dramatize in his novel Jude the Obscure, declining religious faith and lack of money led Hardy to pursue a career in writing instead. He spent nearly a dozen years toiling in obscurity and producing unsuccessful novels and poetry. Far from the Madding Crowd, published in 1874, was the author’s first critical and financial success. Finally able to support himself as a writer, Hardy married Emma Lavinia Gifford later that year.
英国作家哈代个人及作品简介 1_Thomas_Hardy__
❖ In a recent biography on Hardy, Claire Tomalin argues that Hardy became a truly great English poet after the death of his first wife, Emma
❖ The book is a vigorous portrayal of
the beautiful and impulsive Bathsheba Everdene and her marital choices among Sergeant Troy
❖the dashing but irresponsible soldier
Hardy in 1894
Thomas Hardy's study at Max Gate, reconstructed in the Dorset County Museum
❖ In 1898 Hardy published his first volume of poetry, Wessex Poems, a collection of poems written over 30 years.
Thomas Hardy托马斯哈代
• The Hand of Etbelberta(1875-1876, a “society” novel)
The turning point
• The Return of the Native （1878,《还乡》的 出版确立了哈代作为重要作家的地位，也标 志着作者开始转向悲剧题材 ） • The Mayor of Casterbridge（1886） 《卡斯 特桥市长》展示了一场性格悲剧
• Tess of the D’Urbervilles（1891） 《德伯 家的苔丝》 • Jude the Obscure （1896） 《无名的裘德》 • Poetry: The Dynasts (1904-1908) 《列王》 是以拿破仑战争为题材的三卷本诗剧，除 此之外还有近千首短小的抒情诗。
Hardy’s Novels
• Hardy’s novels are all Victorian in date. Most of them are set in Wessex, the fictional primitive and crude rural region which is really the home place he both loves and hates. They are known for the vivid description of the vicissitudes(变迁；兴衰 ) of 变迁； people who live in an agricultural setting menaced by the forces of invading capitalism. • His best local-colored works are his later ones, which are known as “novels of character and environment”, are the most representative of his as both a naturalistic and a critical realist writer. • In many of Hardy’s novels, the conflict between the traditional and the modern is brought to the center of the stage.
Thomas_Hardy的英文简介
Thomas Hardy (1840-1904)
ThomasHardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a master masonand builder. From his father he gained an appreciation of music, and from his mother an appetite for learning and the delights of the countryside about his rural home.
Hardy was frail as a child, and did not start at the village school until he was eight years old. One year later he transferred to a new school in the county town of Dorchester.
At the age of 16 Hardy helped his father with the
architectural drawings for a restoration of Woodsford Castle.
The owner, architect James Hicks, was impressed by the younger Hardy's
ThomasHardy托马斯哈代生平简介
Novels
“novels of character and environment” is the most outstanding
The Return of the Native 《还乡记》 The Mayor of Casterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》 Tess of the D’urbervilles 《苔丝》 Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》 Under the Greenwood Tree《绿荫下》 Far From the Madding Crowd《远离尘嚣》
Permeated by religion and music, these early years in the rural South West were to have a profound influence on Hardy and the imaginary 'Wessex' of his later novels.
Thomas Hardy
托马斯·哈代
(1840~1928 )
A Greatest Victorian novelist
Thomas Hardy is last important novelist and poet of the 19th century. Living at the turn of the century. Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern. His literary genius is apparent in his poems and novels. Current scholars believe Hardy to be one of the greatest tragic novelists of English literature.
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Throughout his life, he fondly remembered this house and frequently visited it. This little village had even become the focus of his fiction, the Wessex of his novels and poems
The Return of the Native (1878)
The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886)
Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1891) Jude the Obscure (1895)
Features of his Novels
1. Sympathy for the peasants in an age of decline and decay of peasantry; 2. Man’s life controlled by hostile, cruel, mysterious fate; 3. A pessimistic vein runs throughout his novels. 4. Nostalgia for the pastoral and patriarchal mode of life;
A Pair of Blue Eyes (1873) (1880)
The Trumpet Major
Biblioteka Baidu
Desperate Remedies (1871)
The Hand of Ethelberta(1876)
Under the Greenwood Tree (1872)
Far Form the Madding Crowd (1874)
5. A naturalistic tendency in his works
6. Architectural structure by accumulating each circumstance
Hardy first met his future wife, Emma Gifford, at St. Juliot’s rectory in 1872. They married in 1874 This chance meeting would shape the next 40 years of Hardy’s life.
His Major Works
Hardy himself divided his novels into three groups:
1)Novels of Romances & Fantasies
2)Novels of Ingenuity
3)Novels of Character & Environment
Thomas Hardy
one of the most important novelists in the Victorian Era
the first important poet in the 20th century.
Life
Works
Features of his novels
His Life
Thomas and Emma Hardy resided at Max Gate from 1884 onward. She died in 1912.
Emma Gifford was a woman of high social status. She had a very interesting personality and was always remembered by visitors to the Hardy household.
Hardy met Florence Dugdale in 1907. After Emma’s death in 1912, Florence and Hardy married and continued to live at Max Gate
Hardy died on January 11, 1928.
Hardy spent his early life singing in the church choir with his father. He was a sickly child and was not able to attend school at a young age. At the age of 22, Hardy moved to London to become an architect.