专四英美概况模拟试题

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英美概况模拟题及其答案4

第一部分（客观题，共40分）I. Directions: Read the following unfinished statements or uestions carefully .For each unfinished statement or q uestion four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. (25% )1. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the JutesB. the CeltsC. the SaxonsD. the Iberians3. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War4. The Tories were the forerunners 0f _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party5. In Britain only _______ of the population are farmers but they manage 7O% of the land area.A. 2%B. 3%C. 4%D. 5%6. Which of the following Statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain?A. He is appointed by the Queen.B. He is Minister for the Civil Service.C. He sits in the House of Commons.D. He receives ￡88,292 a year.7. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______ .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Health Service?A. It Provides for every resident a full range of medical services.B. It is administered by the central government.C. Its emergency ambulances are available for doctors' urgent calls.D. It has suffered from under funding in recent decades.9. There are some _______ universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University.A. 75B. 80C. 85D. 9O10. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______ .A. Northern Ireland and southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain11. The Grand Canyon in north-western _______ is one of nature's most impeessive sights.A. UtahB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Idaho12. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ .A. England and GermanyB. England and IrelandC. England and the NetherlandsD. England and Spain13. The United States went to war with _______ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.A. BritainB. FranceC. SpainD. Mexico14. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as theirnext president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.A. TheodoreB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert Hoover15. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _______ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration16. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up _______ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population.A. 21%B. 31%C. 41%D. 51%17. The Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President18. The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the United States is that of _______ .A. classified schoolsB. vocational schoolsC. graded schoolsD. public schools19. In the 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as _______ .A. the Manhattan RenaissanceB. the Harlem RenaissanceC. the Black RevivalD. the African-American Rebirth20. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit21. Canada was divided Into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada (French speaking) in _______ and they were united again in _______ .A. 1791/1840B. 1775/1791C. 1840/1867D. 1775/186722. Canada's early economic development was founded on _______ .A. resource industriesB. heavy industriesC. light industriesD. manufacturing industries23. What law made French the offical language in Canada's Quebec?A. The Official Language Act.B. The Charter of the French Language in Quebec.C. The Meech Lake Accord.D. The new Canadian Constitution.24. The Canadian population is chiefly characterized by _______ .A. its sizeB. its growthC. its linguistic dualityD. its French origins25. Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because _______ .A. Australia is too far away fram EuropeB. Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continentsC. Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasD. most of the continent is hot and dryII. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true or false .Blacken A if you think it is true or B if you think it is false on your answer sheet. Blackening C、D or E is useless. (15% )26.Britain became a world leader in shipbuilding during the middle of the 20th century.27. The Queen is the center of much of the nation's ceremonial and, by ancient tradition, the leader of society.28.The Lord Chancellor recommends the High Court and circuit judges, the recorders and the 76 metropolitan and stipendiary magistrates.29.The social security system in Britain is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.30.The Open University in Britain is a non-residential university based in London.31. Since the 1960s, manufacturing has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.32. Although tobacco is grown in many countries, the United States is the World's biggest producer and user of this profitable crop.33.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution.34. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of University of Michigan in 1636.35. Mark Twain's real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he was born and brought up in the small town of Hannibal, Missouri, on the Mississippi River.36. Before World War II, it was customary for each community to hold veteran's parades and public ceremonies in the U.S.A.37. Canada, a self-governing member of the Commonwealth of Nations, is a federation of 15 provinces and two territories.38. British explorers had a good knowledge of animals, the seasons and all aspects of Australia.39. In January 1940 Australian troops first sailed for overseas theatres of war, and in the next two years they fought with the British against the Germans and Italians in northern Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean.40. New Zealanders take a community approach to problems, but at the same time they are very proud of being independent and self-reliant.第二部分（主观题，共60分）III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)●The capital of the Republic of Ireland is (1) ________ , and the capital of NorthernIreland is (2) ________ .●The English Renaissance was largely (3) ________ and its finest exponents were Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William (4) ________ .●The Whigs were the forerunners of the (5) ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the (6) ________ party of England.●Most of Britain's oil reserves are thought to be under the (7) ______ (8) ______.●British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of (9) _____ and the House of (10) ______.●The United Kingdom is a (11) ______ mo narchy, it began in the (12) _______th century.●In the United Kingdom, in criminal trials by jury, the (13) ______ passes sentence but the (14) _______ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.●Britain is regarded as a (15) _______ state. The term applies mainly to the National (16) ______Service, national insurance and social security.●In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of (17) ______ and (18) ________.●The British national newspapers can be divided into two groups: national (19) _____ and national(20) ________.●The most important lakes in the United States are the (21) _____ Lakes, they are all located between(22) ______ and the United States except Lake Michigan.●In respect of population, (23) ______ (24) _______ is the biggest city in the United States.●The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the (25) _______, who were first brought to North America as (26) ______ in 1619.●Counterculture in 1960s was a mo vement of (27) ________ against the moral values, the aesthetic (28) _______ and the personal behavior.●American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the (29) ______ and the (30) ________, each has part of the powers but not all the power.●Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, (31) _________ and (32) _______ education.●The first British settlers in Canada were (33) _______ refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence. They called themselves (34) ________.●It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia's shores were the (35) ________ and Portuguese, whom were followed by the (36) _______ and then the English.●In the 1950s, there was a boom in Australia's economy and people's living standard was high, so Australia was called "the (37) _______ (38) ________" in that period.●In World War II, Australia declared war on Japan immediately after Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at (39) _______ (40) _________.●The main feature of Australia's trade is that it has always involved the exchange of (41) ________ materials for (42) ________ products.●The basic structure of Australian government is based on both the (43) ______ and (44) _______ models.●New Zealand has two main islands. They are (45) ________ Island and (46) ______ Island.●New Zealand is a sovereign independent state with a parliamentary (47) ________ and a constitutional (48) _______.●The official lang uages in New Zealand are (49) ________ and (50) _______.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Black Death2. The Gunpowder Plot3. Ulysses4. The Puritans5. the Axis powersV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. What happened in the four-day London smog in 1952?2. What does IBM stand for? What is the corporation's main product?3. When is "Trick or treat" played and what does it mean?4. What is special about the Kiwi, a national symbol of New Zealand?VI. Directions: Write between 100-15O words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)Describe briefly the size and location of the United States of America.参考答案一，选择题（每小题1分，共25分。

英语考研英美概况模拟题及答案

英语考研英美概况模拟题American Survey Test地理1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 metres below sea level.A. CaliforniaB. UtahC. Arizona3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades Mountains4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA. Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC. Great Plains5. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. Wyoming6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB. UtahC. Montana7. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average _____ metres.A. 1650, 50B. 1240, 49C. 1540, 4911. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah13. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. Boston14. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky16. Mount Mekinley lies in the _____ Range.A. Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. Miami18. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. Victoria19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron20. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/321. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. Mexico22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific23. The American black population consists of _____ of the total population.A. 1/10B. 1/5C. 1/924. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska25. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except_____.A. Atlantic CoastB. Pacific CoastC. NorthwestD. around the Great LakesE. Gulf of Mexico27. There are _____ river systems in the U.S.A.A. 8B. 3C. 628. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bamboo29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _____.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest30. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San Francisco31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto Ricans32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.A. Pittsburgh, 60B. Chicago, 50C. New York, 6033. The largest industrial city in America is _____.A. ChicagoB. BostonC. Houston34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropical35. ¬_____ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth Avenue36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San Francisco37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. Connecticut38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificI. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.8. The western part of the central plain is also called the “_____ _____”.9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the “_____ _____”.19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.28. The Death Valley is _____ metres below sea level.29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state of the U.S.A.33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.II. Explain the Following Terms1. “The backbone of the continent”2. melting potIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy.2. Why is Detroit famous?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国地理部分答案：Part II. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABCII.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Yellowstone Great Plains Great, Mexico Death Valley Colorado Valley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada50 centimetre Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New York Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California IndustrialPart II 历史I. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A. 1765, 1766B. 1764, 1765C. 1763, 17646. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 17148. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A. GettysburgB. PittsburghC. Trenton9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker Hill10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A. YorktownB. BostonC. Charleston11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.A. Thomas EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____.A. the “Intolerable Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition Act16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 181618. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/319. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. Tianjin20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 178721. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A. Alexander HamiltonB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James Madison24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A. James MadisonB. James MonroeC. John Adams25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A. Monroe DoctrineB. Sedition ActC. Holy Alliance26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A. John AdamsB. Andrew JacksonC. Andrew Johnson27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A. Douglas BillB. Monroe DoctrineC. Sedition Act28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. Richmond30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____ in 1898.A. BritainB. FranceC. Spain31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Washington34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. third35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. political36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.A. blacksB. IndiansC. progressive people37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiqué called_____.A. the Teheran DeclarationB. the Atlantic CharterC. the Washington Proclamation38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A. Open Door PolicyB. Big StickC. Douglas Bill39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 191940. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, Allies41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.A. AustraliaB. BelgiumC. Austria42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A. 33B. 38C. 3943. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. Philadelphia45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A. 48B. 47C. 4546. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Casablanca47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)B. the Axis and Holy AllianceC. the Central Powers and the Allies49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran Treaty50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Potsdam51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A. 1920B. 1918C. 191952. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A. LevestoneB. William FosterC. Earl Browder53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A. 1929, 1933B. 1933, 1937C. 1924, 192954. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman Doctrine55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean War56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet Union57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August_____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194558. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A. the Allies, the Axis PowersB. the USSR, the USAC. the old capitalist countries, the new ones59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.A. sixB. fiveC. seven60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New Deal61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A. Midway IslandB. BritainC. Normandy62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.A. 1979B. 1972C. 197363. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A. the Korean WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the US-Spanish War64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. Japanese65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A. 13B. 50C. 4866. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northern67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A. The English KingB. the local governmentC. the local people68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and B69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A. King George IB. King George IIIC. King George II70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New York71. President Nixon visited China in _____.A. 1973B. 1974C. 197272. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson73. The city’s name“Philadelphia” means _____.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophy1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.4. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.5. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.6. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _____.7. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____.8. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _____ was accepted by the American Congress.9. The first English colony was _____.10. Lexington Fire was the _____ of the War of Independence.11. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _____.12. The U.S.- _____ War broke out in 1898.13. The Great Depression of 1929 - _____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of _____ southern states.16. During the Civil War Lincoln took two important measures, one was the _____ _____, the other was the _____ _____.17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.18. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.19. The Constitution Convention lasted _____ weeks from May to September, _____.20. The Constitution drawn up at the end of Independence War is called the _____ of the Confederation.21. The Constitution of _____ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisie big capitalists and big slave owners.22. The bourgeois democratic personages headed by Thomas Jefferson, were opposed to the Constitution. They were called _____.23. The people, headed by John Hamilton, who supported the Constitution of 1787, were called _____.24. During Washington’s administration Thomas Jefferson was appointed _____ of _____.25. The war with England between 1812-1814 was called the Second _____ of _____.26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.27. The forming of the _____ Alliance was to suppress the South American revolution.28. Andrew Jackson was the first president who developed the power of _____ into one of the means of making laws.29. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _____ movement.30. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.31. A man named _____ _____ began a rising which aimed at solving the slavery trouble by force.32. In _____ the first group of English colonists came to America.33. From 1863 to 1867 _____ Reconstruction dominated the reconstruction of the south.34. With the passage of the military Reconstruction Act in March 1867 the power of Reconstruction of the south passed from president to the _____.35. The most notorious society which mainly persecuted the blacks was _____ _____ _____.36. The _____ _____ Conference in 1919 was in fact a meeting to divide the spoils and redivide the old colonies.37. The _____ Conference was the constitution of the Paris Peace Conference.38. The _____ post-war economic crisis occurred from 1973 to 1975 was the most serious crisis.39. The Communist Party of China sent _____ _____ _____ to attend the Conference of the founding of U.N. and signed the charter.40. The _____ Declaration was published at the Cairo Conference.41. The main force of the Japanese United Fleet was destroyed by America in the_____ _____ Battle.42. The _____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.44. After WWII the _____ _____ emerged on the scene and containment of Communism became the basis of the American foreign policy.45. The source of WWII in Europe came from _____.46. The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanese sudden raid of the US’s naval base at _____ _____.47. In 1939 Germany first launched the lightening attack on _____ and England and _____ then declared war on Germany.48. The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _____ to surrender unconditionally.49. The second post-war crisis occurred during 1953 and 1954 was caused by the_____ War.50. It was president _____ who moved toward improving relations with China.51. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.52. In _____ China and U.S.A. normalized their relationship.53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _____ _____ _____.54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.55. “I know not what course others may take, but for me, give me liberty or give me death.” This was said by _____ _____.II. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward Movement3. The Civil Rights Movement4. The Atlantic Charter5. The “Open Door Policy”6. The Cairo Declaration7. The Marshall PlanIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.2. What success did Washington’s administration achieved?3. Abraham Lincoln is usually regarded as the fulfilment of the “American Dream”. Why?4. What was Roosevelt’s role in the Second World War?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国历史部分答案：Part III. BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CABAB AABAA BABBC AABAC ABABC CBCAA BCABA CBABC CABAC ABACA AABBA CCAII.1. Columbus Amerigo Magellan red Independence 1914Mayflower Independence Virginia prelude France Spanish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19thRussia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy vetoWestward Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidental Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixthdeputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second Apollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbour Poland Japan Korean Nixon 1941 1979 Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry。

《英美概况》试题(附答案)

《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestB. C. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war sta rted in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in theNorth America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle To m’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable lifeof the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. Theyare knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and_____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”　A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy答案I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18.D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35.A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51.B 52.B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69.C 70.D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-eastare mostly______.2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them,the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to______ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported_______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former werethe forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textileand other machinery.f the world.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” o18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ______, with its ownleader and “______ cabinet”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guiltybeyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and ______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and_____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____centuries.35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared withGanada.37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in fivemoves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in _____.45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the ______.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, L ord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, districtcouncils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service,social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32.eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the ContinentalDivide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms.1. the Hardian’s Wall: I t was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out ofthe area they had conquered.2. Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons toadvise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3. William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 anddefeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. Heestablished a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4. the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king.William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting.After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5. Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials tocompile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of ageneral survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on JudgementDay.6. the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he wasforced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Thoughit has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities, its spirit was the limitation of theking’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7. the Hundred Years’ War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that lastfrom 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimedthe French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English weresuccessful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. Theexpelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.War. She8. Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’　successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killedbetween half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended andlabour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10. the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House ofYork between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the whiteone. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.daughter and a devout Catholic. When she became Queen, she11. Bloody Mary Henry VIII’ｓpersecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is als remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12. Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales andIreland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism andof great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.13. Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the kingand condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord ofProtector. He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in 1660.14. the Bill of Rights In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentarysupremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutionalmonarchy began.15. Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the rightto religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchyand were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and becamethe Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16. James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motionthat could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in1945. He was defeated in the general election of 1945, but returned to power in 1951.ed like an18. Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain, because it’s equipped and managindustrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm, andoutputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming, designes to givethe maximum output of crops and animals.19. the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. The BritishConstitution is not set out in any single document, but made up of statute law, common law andconventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20. Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and wascrowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.21. the Opposition In the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of seatsbecomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Oppositio are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, toseek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the nextgeneral election.22. the Privy Council Formerly the chief source of executive power. It gave the Sovereign privateadvice on the gov ernment of the country. Today its role is mainly formal, advising the (“privy”)Sovereign to approve certain government decrees and issuing royal proclamation. Its membership isabout 400.23. common law A written law gathered from numerous decisions of the courts and other sources.24. the jury A legal system established in England since king Henry II. The jury consists of ordinary,independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland,and 15 persons in Scotland. In criminal trials by jury, the judge passes sentence but the jury decidethe issue of guilt or innocence.25. the NHS The National Health Service was established in the UK in 1948 and based first on Actsof Parliament. This Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. It is basedupon the principle that there should be full range of publicly provided services designed to help theindividual stay healthy. It is now a largely free service.26. comprehensive schools State secondary schools which take pupils without reference to abilityand provide a wide-ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district. About 90per cent of the state secondary school population in GB attend comprehensive school.27. public schools Fee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a reputation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and snobbery. The boysfamous schools public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’　include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.28. the Great Lakes The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They areLake Superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan —— the only one entirely in the U.S. ——Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.29. New England New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, NewHampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is sometimes called the birthplace of America.30. baby boom “baby boom” refers to the great increase of birth rate between 1946 and 1964. Peopleborn in this period are called baby bammers.31. the Chinese Exclusion Act It was passed by the U.S. Congress in may, 1882. It stopped Chinese immigration for ten years.32. the Bill of Rights In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representations a seriesof amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states forratification. Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and became the first ten amendments to the Constitution —— the Bill of Rights.33. the Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.34. the Constitutional Convention In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider whatshould be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All the delegates agreed to revise theArticles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government. After struggle, the Constitution wasratified at last. This conference is called the Constitutional Convertion.35. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding governmentregulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbersof people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.36. the Peace Conference The Peace Conference or the Paris Conference, began on January 18,1919. The conference was actually a conference of division of colonies of Germany, Austro-Hungaryand the Ottoman Empire and the grabbing of as much as possible from the defeated nations. It wasdominated by the Big Four (the United States, Britain. France, and Italy)37. the Truman Doctrine: On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrinein a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.38. the Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced theMarshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion,the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.39. the New Frontier It was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolition of poverty.40. checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, eachhas part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, theactions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This called “checks and balances”．IV. Answer briefly the following questions.1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britainsuccessfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never atotal occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.2. Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?—— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. SoWilliam led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings,William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England,thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.3. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?——The Norman Conquest of 1066 isone of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rulewith a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The churchwas brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civilcourts.4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?—— The Great Charter, orthe Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without theapproval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of hisproperty except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4)London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be thesame weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of theChurch and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitationof the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. What do you know about the English Renaissance?——Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history. It began in Italy in the early 14th centuryand spread to England in the late 15th century. The English Renaissance had 5 characteristics: (1)English culture was revitalized not so much directly by the classics as by contemporary Europeansunder the influence of the classics; (2) England as an insular country followed a course of social andpolitical history which was to a great extent independent of the course of history else where in Europe; (3) Owning to the great genius of the 14th century poet chaucer, the native literature wasvigorous enough and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them;。

英美概况考试题及答案

英美概况考试题及答案 考试学年学期：课程名称：教学秘书签字：专业班级：姓名：学号：Multiple Choice1.Britain does not share land border with any other countries except.A. FranceB. HollandC. ItalyD. The Republic of Ireland2.The island of Great Britain is divided into parts.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 23.The second longest river in the United Kingdom is the __ .A. Thames RiverB. Clyde RiverC. Severn RiverD. Seine River4.The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 356 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait, is ______________ .A. the Seven RiverB. the Clyde RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Potomac River5. ___ oil and gas have made Britain largely self-sufficient inthese vital fuels.A. The AtlanticB. The PacificC. The Red SeaD. The North Sea6.The climate of Britain is one.A. ContinentalB. tropicalC. temperateD. subtropical7.Britain’s major minerals are coal, iron ore, tin ore, lead ore, oil and gas, among which _______ and ____ are the most important.A. coal...lead ore B. coal ...iron ore C. iron ore...tin ore D. coal (i)8.In the Highlands of Scotland stands ____ , Britain’s highest mountain towering 1300 meters.A. the PenninesB. Ben NevisC. The Southern UplandsD. Cumbria9.The largest lake in the U.K. is .A. Lough ErneB. Lake NessC. Lough NeaghD. Lake Lomond10.The main rivers parting in Great Britain runs from _ t o ___A. north…eastB. south…westC. central…eastD. north…south11.The weather in Great Britain conditions vary rapidly because of .A.the much rainfallB. a little sunshineC.the edge of European continental anticycloneD.a series of cyclonic depressions from Ireland or Greenland12.Of the three parts of Great Britain, __ is the smallest bothin area and population.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Irland13.The most important river in the United Kingdom is _ .A. the Clyde RiverB. the Seven RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Forth River14.Among the four administrative units the most populous and developed is ___ .A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland15.In Scotland there is the Clyde River, on which is situated a ship-building center --- ___________ .A. BelfastB. LondonC. GlasgowD. Manchester16.The Towns in Scotland are called .A. CountriesB. shiresC. communitiesD. burghs 考试17.Big Ben is a famous in London.A. StatueB. bridgeC. hotelD. clock18.The Port of London is Britain’s most important __ .A. SeaportB. airportC. railway stationD. military base19.The famous Speaker’s Corner is an area i nside ___, London, where speakers address thepublic, especially on Sundays.A. the West EndB. Hyde ParkC. WhitehallD. Westminster Abbey20.The Westminster Abbey is the place where ___ .A.the British royal residence in London is located.B.Almost all English kings and queens have been crownedC.The British Prime Minister livesD.The British Parliament is located21.Buckingham Palace is the London residence for _ .A. the King or QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Speaker of the CommonsD. the Lord Chancellor of the Upper House22.The London residence for the King or Queen is _ .A. Hyde ParkB.Buckingham PalaceC. No. 10 Down StreetD.The East End23.The famous street where offices of the most important ministries of the United Kingdom arelocated, is ____ .A. Downing StreetB. Wall StreetC. WhitehallD. Broadway24.London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is situated on __ near its mouth.A. the Thames RiverB. the Severn RiverC. the Clyde RiverD. the Tees River25.Britain’s largest manufacturing industry is .A. textile industryB. iron and steel industryC. oil-producing industryD. aircraft industry26.Britain once reigned supreme in the world of __ industry.A. PaperB. electronicC. mineralD. textile27.One of the main characteristics of British economy is ___ .A.the purchase of raw materials and the sale of manufacturedgoods abroad.B.To import oil from abroadC.To sell coal abroadD.To exchange goods with foreign nations so as to get vital foodstuffs and manufacturedgoods28.The main agricultural products in Britain are _____ , barley, potatoes, sugar-beets and oats.A. RiceB. wheatC. tobaccoD. peanuts29.It was the who brought the English language into England.A. Anglo-saxonsB. CeltsC. NormansD. Danes30.as a nation took shape as a result of the unification of the seven warring kingdoms in827.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. IrelandD. England31.The English language belongs to _ .A. the Indo-EuropeanB. the Hamito-SemiticC. the Sino-TibetanD. the Altaic32.The two major political parties in Britain are the Conservative Party and the _____ .A. Republican PartyB. Democratic PartyC. Labour PartyD. Liberal Party 考试33.The Liberal Party, the third largest party of the United Kingdom, developed from the ____________ in1839.A. Whig PartyB. Tory PartyC. Conservative PartyD. Labour Party34.______________________ Of all the English universities andare the most well- known.A. Oxford University … Eton UniversityB. OxfordUniversity…Cambridge UniversityC.Eton College …Winchests CollegeD. Harvard…Yale35.The grammar school in modern Britain _ .A.offers only grammar lessons to pupilsB.emphasizes academic studies and offers more subjects than any other secondary schoolsC.make a point of giving practical instructions which are considered to be of help in thepupils’ future workD.only takes in the pupils who are interested in grammar36.The is an examination taken at about the age of eleven,to decide which type ofsecondary school a British child will attend.A. Eleven-plusB. “Eleven Tests”C. Eleven-minusD. Eleventh Test37.The Redbrick universities are those including all the provincial universities of the period1850-1930, with __ as a representative.A. OxfordB. CambridgeC. London UniversityD. Polytechnics38.are the foundation-layers of the English education.A. Grammar schoolsB. Secondary modern schoolsC. Public schoolsD. Nursery schools39.is the nickname of Britain.A. Uncle SamB. John ArbuthnotC. Robin HoodD. John Bull40.Most British couples have their wedding ceremony _ with the bride dressed in ____ .A. at home…a long pink dressB. in a park…a short skirtC. in the church…a long white dressD. in the open…a short blue skirt41.The best-known quality of the British people is exclusiveness. One of the important reasons isthe special geographical location of Britain. The other is ______ .A. its Industrial RevolutionB. its separate nationalityC. the cutting-off of BritainD. the distinct development of its history.42.i s the English sense of humor.A. Self-importanceB. Self-confidenceC. Self-deprecatingD. Self-knowing43.Which of the following holidays is Not celebrated in Britain?A. EasterB. ChristmasC. Thanksgiving DayD. April Fool’s Day44.On __ the British people hold dances, games, etc. to welcome spring.A. Christmas DayB. New Year’s DayC. May DayD. April Fool’s Day45.April Fool’s Day is on .A. 1st of AprilB. 2nd of AprilC. 20th of AprilD. 30th of April46.When you are invited to a dinner, you must __ .A. be punctualB. be a little lateC. be sure to attendD. be a little early47.Children reach their adolescence when they are __years of age.A. eight or nineB. ten or elevenC. thirteen or fourteenD. seventeen or eighteen48.In Britain the “__ ” emergency dialing service is free of charge, by which people are quiteconvenient to be connected rapidly to police, ambulance or fire service.A. 999B. 109C. 119D. 303 考试49.In Britain only taxi drivers and waiters are permitted to accept a tip, which is usually an extra__ of the price of the fare or meal.A. tenth or eighthB. twentiethC. halfD. 80%50.The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on _____ .A. horse racingB. BingoC. football poolsD. dog racingFill in the blanks.1.The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ____ .2.The island of Great Britain is made up of ____ , __ and ___ .3.The United Kingdom has been a member of ____ since 1973.4.London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial__ of the nation, but also one of _________ major international financial centers in ________________________ .5.Britain consists of ______ nations, including England, ________ , ______ and.6.The capital of Britain is ____ , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including__ , ___ and ___. two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: ____and ____ .8.Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the LondonParliament and each holds ___ and ___ seats respectively.9.The capital of Scotland is ______ , which is well-known for its natural ___ .10.Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the _ mainland, it’s good at getting___ from abroad, particularly Japan and ____ . 考试DAAAD CDBCD DCcBC DDABB ABCAB DABAD ACABB ACCDC DCCBA ACAAAthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEngland; Scotland; WalesEuropean UnionBritain’s; center; the three; the worldfour, Scotland, Wales, Northern IrelandLondon, government, economy, cultureGlasgow, Edinburgh72, 38Edinburgh, beautyBritish, investment, America。

英美概况模拟试题

英美概况模拟试题单项选择Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statem ent or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: (20 points)1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution.a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen2. The President of the United States is head of the branch.a. legislativeb. executivec. judiciald. party3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.a. George Washingtonb. Abraham Lincolnc. Thomas Jeffersond. Franklin Roosevelt4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .a. cultural revivalb. loss of purposec. development in science and technologyd. material success and spiritual frustration5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.a. Lincolnb. Columbusc. Washingtond. Jefferson6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly untila. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to .a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio Riverc. the Missouri Riverd. the Mississippi River8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from .a. Franceb. Denmarkc. Irelandd. Germany9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, .a. First/1774b. First /1776c. Second/1774d. Second/177610. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions11. The predecessor of the English parliament is .a. the Great councilb. the Witanc. the House of Plantagenetd. Magna Carta12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s13. The , the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.a. Appalachiansb. Rockiesc. Blue Ridge Mountainsd. Great Smokies14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allo wed thecompany to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people.a. coffeeb. spicec. silkd. tea15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1,200c. 1,198d. 76317. Most Americans lived in .a. city areasb. countrysidec. mountain areasd. river valleys18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years.a. fourb. sixc. eightd. five19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States,is the only one entirely in the U. S.a. Lake Huronb. Lake Ontarioc. Lake Michigand. Lake Erie20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in , with theaim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People’s Charter.a. 1836b. 1838c. 1840d. 1842二．是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points)( )1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world. ( ) 2. America is a name given by Columbus.( ) 3. The United Kingdom is a federal, not a unitary state.( ) 4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the fou ndationon which the English nation was to be formed.( ) 5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. ( ) 6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power. ( ) 7. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( ) 8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.( ) 9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. ( ) 10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history ofthe workers’ struggle for liberation.( ) 11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects. ( )12. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.( ) 13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II brokeout.( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of Englan d as amajor sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.( ) 16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people. ( ) 17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 16 20.( ) 18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.( ) 19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Mini ster.( ) 20. The Hundred Y ear’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and Englan d thatlasted from 1337 to 1453.三Explain the following terms in English: (20 points) 1. The Great Depression 2. Industr ial Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. Black Death5. American Constitution 四．简答题Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (10 points) 1. When was the Second War with England in American history? 2. What are the two major pol itical parties in Britain? 3. What is the general climate in Britain?4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair?5. What is the most i mportant river in Britain? 五．论述题Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: (10 points) Norman Conquest a nd its influence? Key to Model 1英美概况模拟试题（一）一．1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb 二．1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三．1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of pa per profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression .2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the conseque nces in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th cen turies. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britai n first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “m elting pot,” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemicdisease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept thro ugh England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a resu lt of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor .5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American governme nt and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introdu ced checks and balances into government for the first time in history. 四．1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River. 五．In 1066 the army of William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle en sure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a str ong Norman government. So the feudal system was completelyestablished, England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architectur e ere introduced.英美概况模拟试题（二）.zhuangsir. 2003-7-20 庄舍茶馆一．单项选择题Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished s tatement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1. Frankl in Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Free dom d. New Deal2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliv er Cromwell as .a. Lord Protectorb. Lieutenant Generalc. Commander of the New Model Armyd. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britai n. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to .a. the mainstream Americansb. Hispanicsc. Asian-Americansd. Blacks6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constit ution formally ended .a. the immigration movementb. the Civil Warc. the slave systemd. the industrializati on7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled one fo urth of the world people and of the world’s land area.a. one thirdb. one fifthc. one fourthd. tow fifths 8. The Celt’s religion was .a. Teutonic religionb. Christianityc. Druidismd. Buddhism9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them w ithin the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the . a. the House of Lords b. the House of Commons c. the Privy Council d. the Shadow Cabinet 11. The English Rena issance was largely .a. religiousb. ideologicalc. philosophicald. literary12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in . a. hardware b. textile c. pottery d. chemicals13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .a. 200B. C.b. 55 B. C.c. 55 A. D.d. 410 A. D. 14. The Hundred Years’ War started in . a. 1733 b. 1453 c. 1337 d. 135715. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 i n a speech to the joint session of Congress.a. President Rooseveltb. President Kennedyc. General Marshalld. President Truman17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. a. 651 b. 1,200 c. 1, 198 d. 76318. About half of the Britain’s trade is with . a. the United States b. South-east Asia c. the EC d. the Latin America19. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Vi king and Danish invasions20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .a. containmentb. neutralityc. pro-Germany partialityd. pro-Ally partiality 二．是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points ) ( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depressio n in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States. ( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written co nstitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, an d on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributedto thewenku.baidu./view/c25b7d0bf78a6529647d53a5.html外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）( ) 1. Half of the U.S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.( ) 2. America was names after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. ( ) 3. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.( ) 4.On March 19, 2003, American and United Nation’s troops, supported by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.( ) 5. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. ( ) 6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system. ( ) 7. America is the world’s largest industrial nation.( ) 8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.( ) 9. Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory. ( ) 10. C anada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage. IV. Give the bri ef answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. What is the full name of America?2. Who is the American President now?3. What are the two main parties in America?4. Who is the Prime Minister of Australia now?5. What animal and bird is Australia famous for?V. Fill in the following blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin FranklinRip Van Winkle Nathaniel HawthorneMoby Dick Mark TwainThe Portrait of a Lady Theodore DreiserThe Old Man and the Sea Saul BellowDeath of a SalesmanVI. State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words （共10 分)What was the cause of the American Civil War?外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期答题纸英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVVI外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1011． 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. II. Translate the special ter ms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7 8. 9. 10 III. Read the following sentences carefu lly and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 IV. Give the brief answer to the foll owing questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin FranklinRip Van Winkle Nathaniel HawthorneMoby Dick Mark TwainThe Portrait of a Lady Theodore DreiserThe Old Man and the Sea Saul BellowDeath of a SalesmanVI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVII. Multiple Choice:（每题1分，共20分）1. a2. b3. b4. c5. d6. d7. b8. c9. c 10 a11. b 12. a 13. c 14. c 15. b 16. b 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. d外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）（1. 不列颠群岛2. 苏格兰方格呢短裙3. 圣保罗大教堂4. 英王詹姆士钦定版《圣经》5．威斯敏斯特教堂 6. 司法制度 7. 沙漠风暴行动 8.枢密院 9. 国会议 10 内政大臣 III.Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true o r false: （每题2分，共20分）1. F2. T 3 . F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7 T 8. F 9. F 10 T IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. She promoted furthe r industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.3. The Central Powers and the Allied Powers.4. Gordon Brown.5.The Conservative Party and the Labour Party.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Thomas Moore UtopiaDaniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities Jane Austen Pri de and Prejudice Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights Thomas Hardy The Return of the Native D. H. Lawrence Sons and LoversOscar WildeThe Picture of Dorian GrayT.S. Eliot The Waste Land Virginia Woolf To The LighthouseVI． Answer the question: （每题10分，共10分）The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sp rang up . Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes de clined, and new ones emerged and developed.外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIVVI. （20分）The United States “is not merely a nation but a nation of nations”. The immigrants came in waves, including the Europeans, the Africans and the Asians. Therefore, Ame rica was described as “a melting pot” where variousracial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture. Recently, American have be en called a “salad” in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmonio usly but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom.外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）II. (20分)The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural lif e by the mid-19thcentury. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plan tations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the dev elopment of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finally the Civil War. III. (共20分)Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby DickMark Twain The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister CarrieEarnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a SalesmanIV. （20分）There are two main reasons that attract immigrants to Australia. One is the Australian immigration policy and tradition. Australia has a great international reputat ion for its diversity and tolerance. It accepts and respects the right of all people to exp ress and share the individual cultural heritage. It emphasizes the equality of all people in the labor market and social life. The other is Australia’s good natural and living environment.V．（20 分）The Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840 by representatives of British Crown andchiefs of the indigenous Maori people, making New Zealand a British colony. Accord ing to the treaty, the Chief of the Maori people gave the Queen of Britain guaranteed t o protect all the Maori people and give them the same rights and duties of citizenship as British subjects. The Treaty of Waitangi is also known as New Zealand’s founding document, and it marked the beginning of Modern New Zealand.外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVVII. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）1. c2. a3. c4. a5. b6. d7. d8. a9. b 10. b11． b 12. d 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. b 17. b 18. c 19. a 20. c II. Translate t he special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）1.阿巴拉契亚山脉2. 夏威夷坚果3. 长崎4. 弹劾5. 五角大楼6. 中央情报局7. 初选8. 美国有线新闻网9. 点数制度 10. 残奥会III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）1. F2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. T8. F9. T 10 F IV. Give the brief ans wer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. The United States of America.2. Barak Obama3. The Democratic Party and the Republic Party.4. Kevin Rudd5. Kangarro and kiwi bird.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby DickMark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister CarrieEarnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman. ..VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and culturallife by the mid-19th century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plantations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finallz。

英美概况试题答案

英美概况模拟试题（一）一．1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb二．1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT三．1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in socialand economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “melting pot,”meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread byrat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supremelaw of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history.四．1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River.五． In 1066 the army of Willia m, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle ensure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established, England.Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture ere introduced.英美概况模拟试题（二）一．1~5dbaca 6~10 cccdb 11~15 dbbca 16~20daccb二．1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFT三．1． It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possible collapse of the American economic and political system.2． It was a movement of revolt in the 1960s against the moral values, the aesthetic standards, the personal behavior. and the social relations of conventional society.3． Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative, the executive and the judicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.4． A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule. In English history, constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.5． On September 22, 1862 during American Civil War, Lincoln issued the famous document Emancipation Proclamation which would become effective on January 1, 1863. it provided that all the black slaves in the rebelling states were freed and they were welcome to join the armed forces of the Union.四．1. The longest river in Britain is Severn river.2. The War of the Roses went on for 30 years.3. American Civil War began in 1861.4. The mainstream Americans are called WASPs.5. American Congress consists of Senate and House of Representatives.五．Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States, relying on its large economic and military strength, tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism, represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and con flicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.英语国家概况参考答案I. 1C 2B3B4D5A6B7C8D9D10B11A12B13A14B15B16D17B18D19C20A21B22D23A24C25AII. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. F 8. T 9. T 10. T 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. TIII. 1. the feudal system 2. John Bunyon, John Milton 3. Teheran; Yalta; Potsdam 4. strong 5. industry; agriculture6. contributions national insurance, taxation7. formulate; supply8. abundant; raw9. one, one third 10. Northern Ireland 11. Northern Territory 12. School of the air 13. land; buy 14. macreconomic, microeconomic15. the Canadian Pacific Railway16. Parliamentary 17. Ben Nevis; 1,3000 18. England 19. Captain James Cook 20. the Great Depression 21. registration; wheels 22. Britain; Italy 23. trappers 24. Great Bear Lake; Great Slave Lake25. the Opposition, Shadow cabinet 26. the ministers 27. Hundred, ambitious 28. Cavaliers, Roundheads 29. House of Assembly 30. Acts; decisions 31. jobs, warsIV. 1. ThatcherismThe election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state - owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.3. the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, and tens of thousands of lakes and swamps.4. Australia's service industriesService industries are also called "tertiary industy". This sector now includes an additional "quaternary" level, which covers the research, processing and storage of information. Australia's service sector is the fastestgrowing one. It has been growing in importance, due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by government of educational, health and welfare services.5. the New DealIn order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.V. 1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, riversand lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.VI. 1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the Democratic Party was dominant, with short interruptions. Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.答案：解答 A Beowulf是Anglo-Saxon时代留下的重要的古英语文学作品，它被认为是英国的民族史诗。

(完整版)英语考研英美概况模拟题及答案精选全文

精选全文完整版（可编辑修改）英语考研英美概况模拟题American Survey Test地理1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 metres below sea level.A. CaliforniaB. UtahC. Arizona3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades Mountains4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA. Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC. Great Plains5. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. Wyoming6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB. UtahC. Montana7. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average _____ metres.A. 1650, 50B. 1240, 49C. 1540, 4911. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah13. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. Boston14. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky16. Mount Mekinley lies in the _____ Range.A. Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. Miami18. The world’s largest freshwater lake i s Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. Victoria19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron20. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/321. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. Mexico22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific23. The American black population consists of _____ of the total population.A. 1/10B. 1/5C. 1/924. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska25. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except _____.A. Atlantic CoastB. Pacific CoastC. NorthwestD. around the Great LakesE. Gulf of Mexico27. There are _____ river systems in the U.S.A.A. 8B. 3C. 628. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bamboo29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _____.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest30. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San Francisco31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto Ricans32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.A. Pittsburgh, 60B. Chicago, 50C. New York, 6033. The largest industrial city in America is _____.A. ChicagoB. BostonC. Houston34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropical35. ¬_____ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth Avenue36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San Francisco37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. Connecticut38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificI. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.8. The western part of th e central plain is also called the “_____ _____”.9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the “_____ _____”.19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.28. The Death Valley is _____ metres below sea level.29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state ofthe U.S.A.33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.II. Explain the Following Terms1. “The backbone of the continent”2. melting potIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy.2. Why is Detroit famous?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国地理部分答案：Part II. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABCII.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Yellowstone Great Plains Great, Mexico Death Valley Colorado Valley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada 50 centimetre Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New York Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California IndustrialPart II 历史I. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A. 1765, 1766B. 1764, 1765C. 1763, 17646. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 17148. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A. GettysburgB. PittsburghC. Trenton9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker Hill10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A. YorktownB. BostonC. Charleston11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.A. Thomas EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____.A. the “Intolerable Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition Act16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 181618. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/319. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. Tianjin20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 178721. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A. Alexander HamiltonB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James Madison24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A. James MadisonB. James MonroeC. John Adams25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A. Monroe DoctrineB. Sedition ActC. Holy Alliance26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A. John AdamsB. Andrew JacksonC. Andrew Johnson27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A. Douglas BillB. Monroe DoctrineC. Sedition Act28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. Richmond30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____ in 1898.A. BritainB. FranceC. Spain31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Washington34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. third35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. political36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.A. blacksB. IndiansC. progressive people37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiquécalled_____.A. the Teheran DeclarationB. the Atlantic CharterC. the Washington Proclamation38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A. Open Door PolicyB. Big StickC. Douglas Bill39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 191940. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, Allies41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.A. AustraliaB. BelgiumC. Austria42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A. 33B. 38C. 3943. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. Philadelphia45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A. 48B. 47C. 4546. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Casablanca47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)B. the Axis and Holy AllianceC. the Central Powers and the Allies49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran Treaty50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Potsdam51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A. 1920B. 1918C. 191952. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A. LevestoneB. William FosterC. Earl Browder53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A. 1929, 1933B. 1933, 1937C. 1924, 192954. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman Doctrine55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean War56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet Union57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194558. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A. the Allies, the Axis PowersB. the USSR, the USAC. the old capitalist countries, the new ones59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.A. sixB. fiveC. seven60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New Deal61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A. Midway IslandB. BritainC. Normandy62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.A. 1979B. 1972C. 197363. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A. the Korean WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the US-Spanish War64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. Japanese65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A. 13B. 50C. 4866. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northern67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A. The English KingB. the local governmentC. the local people68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and B69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A. King George IB. King George IIIC. King George II70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New York71. President Nixon visited China in _____.A. 1973B. 1974C. 197272. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson73. The city’s name “Philadelphia” means _____.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophy1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.4. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.5. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.6. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _____.7. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____.8. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _____ was accepted by the American Congress.9. The first English colony was _____.10. Lexington Fire was the _____ of the War of Independence.11. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _____.12. The U.S.- _____ War broke out in 1898.13. The Great Depression of 1929 - _____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of _____ southern states.16. During the Civil War Lincoln took two important measures, one was the _____ _____, the other was the _____ _____.17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.18. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.19. The Constitution Convention lasted _____ weeks from May to September, _____.20. The Constitution drawn up at the end of Independence War is called the _____ of the Confederation.21. The Constitution of _____ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisiebig capitalists and big slave owners.22. The bourgeois democratic personages headed by Thomas Jefferson, were opposed to the Constitution. They were called _____.23. The people, headed by John Hamilton, who supported the Constitution of 1787, were called _____.24. During Washington’s administration Thomas Jefferson was appointed _____ of _____.25. The war with England between 1812-1814 was called the Second _____ of _____.26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.27. The forming of the _____ Alliance was to suppress the South American revolution.28. Andrew Jackson was the first president who developed the power of _____ into one of the means of making laws.29. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _____ movement.30. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.31. A man named _____ _____ began a rising which aimed at solving the slavery trouble by force.32. In _____ the first group of English colonists came to America.33. From 1863 to 1867 _____ Reconstruction dominated the reconstruction of the south.34. With the passage of the military Reconstruction Act in March 1867 the power of Reconstruction of the south passed from president to the _____.35. The most notorious society which mainly persecuted the blacks was _____ _____ _____.36. The _____ _____ Conference in 1919 was in fact a meeting to divide the spoils and redivide the old colonies.37. The _____ Conference was the constitution of the Paris Peace Conference.38. The _____ post-war economic crisis occurred from 1973 to 1975 was the most serious crisis.39. The Communist Party of China sent _____ _____ _____ to attend the Conference of the founding of U.N. and signed the charter.40. The _____ Declaration was published at the Cairo Conference.41. The main force of the Japanese United Fleet was destroyed by America in the _____ _____ Battle.42. The _____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.44. After WWII the _____ _____ emerged on the scene and containment of Communism became the basis of the American foreign policy.45. The source of WWII in Europe came from _____.46. The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanese sudden raid of the US’s naval base at _____ _____.47. In 1939 Germany first launched the lightening attack on _____ and England and_____ then declared war on Germany.48. The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _____ to surrender unconditionally.49. The second post-war crisis occurred during 1953 and 1954 was caused by the _____ War.50. It was president _____ who moved toward improving relations with China.51. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.52. In _____ China and U.S.A. normalized their relationship.53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _____ _____ _____.54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.55. “I know not what course others may take, but for me, give me liberty or give me death.” This was said by _____ _____.II. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward Movement3. The Civil Rights Movement4. The Atlantic Charter5. The “Open Door Policy”6. The Cairo Declaration7. The Marshall PlanIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.2. What success did Washington’s administration achieved?3. Abraham Lincoln is usually regarded as the fulfilment of the “American Dream”. Why?4. What was Roos evelt’s role in the Second World War?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国历史部分答案：Part III. BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CABAB AABAA BABBC AABAC ABABC CBCAA BCABA CBABC CABAC ABACA AABBA CCAII.1. Columbus Amerigo Magellan red Independence 1914 Mayflower Independence Virginia prelude France Spanish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19th Russia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy veto Westward Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidental Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixth deputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second Apollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbour Poland Japan KoreanNixon 1941 1979 Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry。

大学英美概况试题及答案

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

《英美概况》试题(附答案)word文本

英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth1. The highest mountain in Britain isA. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames2. The longest river in Britain is3. The largest lake in Britain isA. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly fromA. EuropeB. the UnitedC. AfricaD. the West IndiesStates6. The first inhabitants in Britain wereA. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began withA. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, ___actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day __, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 __summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.12. The Hundred Years ' war srttaed in __________ and ended in ________ , in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of .A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _ years and king _________ was replaced by king __ .A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in __ in the early _ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called .A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In ___, a small group of Puritans sailed from i n the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. ___ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January __ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after __ , Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except .A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain ' s foreign trade is mainly with _ .A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every years and there are __ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in .A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in .A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include .A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _______________________________ passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. __ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates ' courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London ' s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of .A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in ______________________________ and based at first on ____________________________________________________ .A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except .A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that __ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend .A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some __ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except .A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation ' s capital city Washington D.C. and New York ar e located in ___________________A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America ' s most important __________ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that .A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _ .A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from _______________ and .A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom ' s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves。

专四英美概况模拟试题

4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a periodof .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we arereferring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。

14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______.A. CodpeedB. Susan ConstantC. May Flower 五月花D. Discovery22.Who prepared the draft of the Declaration of Independence? 谁准备了独立宣言的草案A. John AdamsB. Thomas Jefferson 托马斯杰佛逊C. Benjamin FranklinD. John Hancock。

英美概况考试试题集

英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一）British Survey TestPart I Geography1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. Scotland4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.A. WalesB. ScotlandC. England5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18017. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B. 12C. 148. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____.A. CotswoldsB. Oxford ClayC. Pennines17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3B. 4/5C. 1/222. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.A. oatsB. cornC. barleyD. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _____.A. countryside in EnglandB. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith28. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.A. coalB. ironC. goldD. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.A. limitation of immigrationB. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rateD. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80B. 85C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. western40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. WalesB. Northern IrelandC. Scotland42. The _____ End includes Westminster, St. James’ PalaceA. EastB. WestC. North43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. England1. The U.K. is situated in _Northwestern____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place betwee n _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer Londonboroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the cityof _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the_____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”:Pennines37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions英美概况一答案Part I DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII. Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, WelshEngland London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines NorthSea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750,1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots,Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North WestClyde England Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain __B___.A. onceB. twiceC. three times2. King Arthur was the king of __B___.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _B____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late __C__ century.A. 14thB. 8thC. 6th5. In 1653 _A____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _A____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _D____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The ___B__ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from __D___.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B10. Edward was kno wn as the “__A___” because of his reputation for saintliness.]A. ConfessorB. ConquerorC. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in __B___.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103512. In history ___A__ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. JohnB. Henry IC. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the ___B__ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of SheriffsB. Assize of ArmsC. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _B____.A. Henry IB. Henry IIC. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _A____ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas BecketB. Stephen LangtonC. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _A____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165317. It was __A___ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained __C___ sets of provisions.A. twoB. fourC. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _B____.A. Henry TurnerB. Watt TylerC. Richard20. The English Church was strictly __A___.A. nationalB. internationalC. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a __A___.A. coup d’etatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _A____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in __A___ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 178424. The Battle of Hastings took place in ___C.A. 1606B. 1042C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by ___C__ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to ___C__ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end27. It was ___B__ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was __C___.A. WilmintonB. George GrenvilleC. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “__A___” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates ParliamentB. Model ParliamentC. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _B____.A. the Wars of Ros esB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century __B___ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism32. Prime Minister ___A__ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. PalmerstonB. Robert PeelC. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of __C___ remained under English rule.A. TroyesB. GasconC. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the ___B__, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. EarthquakeB. Black DeathC. Drought35. __A___ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John WycliffeB. Watt TylerC. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _A____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet37. In the “___B__” of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason undera very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliamentB. Merciless ParliamentC. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _B____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from ___C__ to _____.A. 1600, 1604B. 1640, 1644C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _B____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poet41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. __A___ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster42. The ___A__ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow CompanyB. Eastland CompanyC. East India Company43. ___A__ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John HawkinsB. Francis DrakeC. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_B____”, ac cording to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I __C___ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman ChurchB. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _A____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of ___B__.A. CromwellB. Charles IC. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _B____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in __B___.A. the iron industryB. the textile industryC. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of ___B__.A. ToryB. WhigC. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _A____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. Baldwin52. At the End of __B__ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15thB. 16thC. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from __A___ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “__B___”, limiting the powers of the c rown.A. Habeas Corpus ActB. the Bill of RightsC. Navigation Act55. __A___ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George StephensonB. Samuel CromptonC. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in ___C__.A. BirminghamB. LiverpoolC. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _B____.A. railway strikeB. strike of the postmenC. coal strikeD. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the __A___ began.A. Edwardian AgeB. Georgian AgeC. Elizabethan Age59. The ___B__ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a __C___.A. Culture MovementB. colonial documentC. feudal document61. ___B__ broke out two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France.A. The Bore WarB. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes’ War62. The Reformation was a product of _A____.A. the RenaissanceB. the Chartist MovementC. the Hundred Years’ War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _A____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the __B___ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval65. By the ____B_ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of Montgomery66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in __C___.A. 1845, 1858B. 1828, 1835C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _C____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America68. __A___ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston ChurchillB. Lloyd GeorgeC. Neville Chamberlain69. By the ___A__ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of WestminsterB. Locarno TreatyC. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as ___C__.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII __A___ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley Baldwin C. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _B____.A. Locarno TreatyB. Grand AllianceC. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when __B___ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd GeorgeB. Herbert AsquithC. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded __C__ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and , the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.4. _____ _____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times.6. _____ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.17. The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.19. The Peopl e’s Charter included _____ points such as universal male suffrage.20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _____ _____ rising.23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies.28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _, the English Church was strictly ___.29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.30. “Renaissance” means “___”, i.e. Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “__”.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____.42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____.43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of ____ _____.45. The Parliament passed the Act of __ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession.46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century.49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769.50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785.52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world.53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____.54. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____ _____ _____”.55. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.56. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a _____ war because it was not confined only to Europe. It lasted _____ years.57. At the _____ _____ _____, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was Austen chamberlain’s ch ief claim to fame as foreign secretary.59. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.60. It was _____ _____ who led the country during the “miracle of Dunkirk”.61. When George I began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____ system was established.Explain the Following Terms英美概况自测题（二）英国历史部分答案I. BBBCA ADBDA 11-15 BABBA 16-20 AACBA AAACC CBAAB 31-35BACBA ABBCB 41-45AAABC ABBBB 51-55ABABA CBABC 61-65BAABB CCAAC 71-74ABBC1. II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris Tory, Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolation Settlement Commonwealth Poland18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinet英语考研英美概况模拟题（三）英国文化部分CultureMultiple Choice1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the ageof ___ to _____.A. 5, 16B. 6, 17C. 7, 182. In state schools the letters A, B and C are often used to describe “_____” orparallel classes.A. gradeB. formC. streams3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. local4. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination wouldgo to_ school.A. grammarB. technicalC. secondary modern5. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from _____ and _____.A. 1167, 1284B. 1234, 1325C. 1335, 14276. There are over _____ universities in Britain.A. thirtyB. fortyC. fifty7. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.A. records of attendanceB. governing councilC. tutorial system8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called thefour _____ universities.A. oldB. newC. Scottish9. The _____ university offers courses through one of BBC’s television channels and by radio.A. openB. newC. middle aged10. Buckingham University is and _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. old11. The second centre of the British press is in _____.A. LondonB. the Fleet StreetC. Manchester12. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. religious13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16 is _____.A. optionalB. compulsoryC. self-taught14. The oldest university in Britain is _____.A. CambridgeB. EdinburghC. Oxford15. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive16. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian17. _____ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.A. Sunday TimesB. The ObserverC. The peopleD. News of the World18. The most humorous magazine is _____.A. New SocietyB. Private EyeC. PunchD. Spectator19. In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over _____ weeklies.A. 130, 1000B. 200, 800C. 160, 120020. There are _____ national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays.A. nineB. sevenC. eight21. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the _____.A. Liberal PartyB. Labour PartyC. Conservative Party22. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papers I. CAACA ACBAB23. BBC was founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an independent public corporation.A. 1922, 1927B. 1292, 1297C. 1822, 182724. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is a _____ news agency.A. publicB. governmentalC. localD. private25. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.A. payment from all people who possess TV setsB. the income from advertisementsC. some large corporationsD. British government26. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is _____.A. British Broadcasting CorporationB. Independent Broadcasting AuthorityC. Reuters27. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.A. 1518B. 1815C. 185128. The new headquarters’ building of _____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.A. BBCB. the Press Association Ltd.C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.29. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.A. CricketB. SoccerC. Rugger30. _____ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain.A. Rugby footballB. Association footballC. Baseball31. _____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.A. Association footballB. BaseballC. Cricket32. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.A. hockeyB. tennisC. netball33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting sport.A. HorseB. BoatC. Dog34. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _____ in March.A. LondonB. EdinburghC. Liverpool35. It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain.A. Francis BaconB. Thomas NewcomerC. James Watt36. _____ discovered the circulation of food.A. Francis GlissonB. William HarveyC. George Stephenson37. The Royal Society was founded in _____ in _____.A. London, 1660B. Liverpool, 1660C. London, 176038. The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _____ became its president.A. Robert BoyleB. Issae NewtonC. Francis Bacon39. James Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.A. IrishB. ScottishC. English40. _____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.A. John DaltonB. Francis GlissonC. Robert Boyle41. The minor’s safety lamp was invented by _____.A. Francis BaconB. William HarveyC. Humphy Davy42. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.。

教师公开招聘考试中学英语(英美概况)模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)

教师公开招聘考试中学英语（英美概况）模拟试卷4(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 第二部分专业基础知识第二部分专业基础知识词汇与结构1．In Britain, who holds the ultimate authority of legislation?A．The Queen Elizabeth II.B．The House of Lords.C．The House of Commons.D．David Cameron.正确答案：C解析：英国政府实行君主立宪制，行政、立法和司法三权分立，议会具有立法权，而议会由君主(the Sovereign)、上议院(the House of Lords)和下议院(the House of Commons)构成，下议院拥有最高立法权。

知识模块：英美概况2．Of the following TV dramas, which is produced by BBC?A．Desperate Housewives.B．Sherlock.C．Downton Abbey.D．Skins.正确答案：B解析：A项《绝望主妇》是由美国广播公司ABC出品的美剧；B项《神探夏洛克》是由英国广播公司BBC出品的英剧；C项《唐顿庄园》是英国ITV电视台出品的时代剧；D项《皮囊》是由英国E4频道推出的偶像剧。

知识模块：英美概况3．The symbol of the US Democratic Party is______.A．eagleB．elephantC．donkeyD．tiger正确答案：C解析：美国是两党制国家，民主党(Democratic Party)，象征物是驴(Donkey)；共和党(Republican Party)，象征物是象(Elephant)。

知识模块：英美概况4．Canadians’ mother language or “mandarin” is______.A．French and EnglishB．Portuguese and EnglishC．Spanish and EnglishD．German and English正确答案：A解析：加拿大的语言比较特殊，大部分加拿大人讲英语，但是还有少部分人讲法语。

大专英美概况试题及答案

大专英美概况试题及答案1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 悉尼D. 巴黎答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 7月1日D. 7月7日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 8年答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 美元B. 欧元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国旗被称为什么？A. 星条旗B. 红白蓝旗C. 联合杰克D. 红白旗答案：A7. 英国的哪个城市是世界著名的金融中心？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 巴黎D. 法兰克福答案：B8. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：C9. 英国的哪个地区是著名的工业革命发源地？A. 伦敦B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 伯明翰答案：B10. 美国的哪个州是美国人口最多的州？A. 加利福尼亚州B. 德克萨斯州C. 纽约州D. 佛罗里达州答案：A11. 英国的哪个大学是世界上最古老的大学之一？A. 牛津大学B. 剑桥大学C. 哈佛大学D. 耶鲁大学答案：A12. 美国的哪个城市被誉为“天使之城”？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 旧金山答案：A13. 英国的哪个历史事件标志着现代议会制度的诞生？A. 光荣革命B. 工业革命C. 玫瑰战争D. 诺曼征服答案：A14. 美国的哪个总统被认为是最伟大的总统之一？A. 乔治·华盛顿B. 亚伯拉罕·林肯C. 富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福D. 约翰·肯尼迪答案：B15. 英国的哪个历史时期是文艺复兴时期？A. 都铎时期B. 维多利亚时期C. 罗马时期D. 诺曼时期答案：A。

英美概况试题及答案

《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, HenryTudorB.C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, HenryTudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB.C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Mag istrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which givea vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____. A. the Articles of Confederation B. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and _____ conditions. A. economy/political B. social/political C. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy答案I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51.B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. D 61. C62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. C 70. D 71. B 72.B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are highlands_______, while the east and south-east are mostly___lowlands___.2. Welsh is located in the west______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English __Anglo-Saxons____, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the __Celts____.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes _Jutes_____, _Saxons____, and __Angles___ invaded Britain. Among them, the __Angles___ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _Hastings______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the __feudal____ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ____Domesday Book__, which was compiled in __1086___. 8. _Thomas Becket____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. Black Death______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from fou r million to _two_____ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of _yeomen_____ farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in _the Divine Right of Kings_____.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported __the king______, while the Roundheads supported _the Parliament______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a _Commonwealth_____, later, he became __Lord Protector_______.14. In 1707, the Act of _Union______ united England and _Scotland_____.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _Whigs____ and _Tories______. The former were the forerunners of the _Liberal_____ Party, the latter were of the _Conservative_____ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _James Watt____ produceda very efficient _steam engine____ that could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “_workship_____” of the wor ld.18. During the Second World War _Winston Churchill_______ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two __oil____ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _the North Sea______.21. _Scotland ______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include_microprocessors and computer_____, ___biotechnology___ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official _Opposition_____, with its own leader and “__shadow____ cabinet”.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by t he Queen______, and his/her official residence is _No. 10 Downing____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales:country councils_____ and __district councils____.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the innocence _____ of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _12______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and 15persons in Scotland. 28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _the House of Lords______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _the National Health Service____, national insurance and _social security_____.30. The two established churches in Britain are the Church of England and the Church of Scotland_____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (__5____ in Northen Ireland) and __4___.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _eleven-plus______, which was replaced by _comprehensive schools _____.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _further education____ and ___high education___.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _Oxford____ and _Cambridge____ which date from the 12th and 13th centuries.35. In _1959___, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _Lake Michigan____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared with Ganada.37. __Alaska_____ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as __the Continental Divide___. 39. Texas_____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _the Intermountain Basin and Plateau____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the rocket and _missile_______ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the __birthplace____ of America.43. Mobility is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in five moves to a new home every year.44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in 161945. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the _Chinese-Americans_____.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology 23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service, social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the Continental Divide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace 43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-AmericansIII. Explain the following terms.1. the Ha rdian’s Wall: It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered.2. Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wisemen. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons to advise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.3. William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4. the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king. William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting. After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5. Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials to compile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on Judgement Day.6. the Great Charter King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a document, known as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. Ithas 63 clauses. Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberities, its spirit was the limitation of the king’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.7. the Hundred Years’ War It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.8. Joan of Arc She was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ War. She successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.9. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.10. the Wars of Roses They referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king’s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.11. Bloody Mary Henry VIII’s daughter and a devout Catholic. When she became Queen, she persecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”. Mary is also remembered as the monarch who lost the French port of Calais.12. Elizabeth I One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales and Ireland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.13. Oliver Cromwell The leader during the Civil War who led the New Model Army to defeat the king and condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth andmade himself Lord of Protector. He ruled England till the restoration of charles II in 1660.14. the Bill of Rights In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly. The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.15. Whigs and Tories It referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.16. James Watt The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine with rotary motion that could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in 1945. He was defeated in the general election of 1945, but returned to power in 1951.18. Agribusiness It refers to the new farming in Britain, because it’s equipped and managed like an industrial business with a set of inputs into the farm of processes which occur on the farm, and outputs or products which leave the farm. The emphasis is upon intensive farming, designes to give the maximum output of crops and animals.19. the British Constitution There is no written constitution in the United Kingdom. The British Constitution is not set out in any single document, but made up of statute law, common law and conventions. The Judiciary determines common law and interpret statues.20. Queen Elizabeth II The present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.21. the Opposition In the General Election, the party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the offcial Opposition, with its own leader and “shadow cabinet”. The aims of the Opposition are to contribute to the formulation of policy and legislation, to oppose government proposals, to seek amendments to government bills, and to put forward its own policies in order to win the next general election.22. the Privy Council Formerly the chief source of executive power. It gave the Sovereign private (“privy”) advice on the government of the country. Today its role is mainly formal, advising the Sovereign to approve certain government decrees and issuing royal proclamation. Its membership is about 400.23. common law A written law gathered from numerous decisions of the courts and other sources.24. the jury A legal system established in England since king Henry II. The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and 15 persons in Scotland. In criminal trials by jury, the judge passes sentence but the jury decide the issue of guilt or innocence.25. the NHS The National Health Service was established in the UK in 1948 and based first on Acts of Parliament. This Service provides for every resident a full range of medical services. It is based upon the principle that there should be full range of publicly provided services designed to help the individual stay healthy. It is now a largely free service.26. comprehensive schools State secondary schools which take pupils without reference to ability and provide a wide-ranging secondary education for all or most of the children in a district. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in GB attend comprehensive school.27. public schools Fee-paying secondary schools which are longestablished and have gained a reputation for their high academic standards, as well as their exclusiveness and snobbery. The boys’ public schools include such well-known schools as Eton and Harrow, and girls’ famous schools include Roedean. Most of the members of the British Establishment were educated at a public school.28. the Great Lakes The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United States. They are Lake Superior, which isthe largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan ——the only one entirely in the U.S. —— Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.29. New England New England is made up of six states of the North-East. They are Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. It is sometimes called the birthplace of America.30. baby boom “baby boom” refers to the great increase of birth rate between 1946 and 1964. People born in this period are called baby bammers.31. the Chinese Exclusion Act It was passed by the U.S. Congress in may, 1882. It stopped Chinese immigration for ten years.32. the Bill of Rights In 1789, James Madison introduced in the House of Representations a series of amendments which later were drafted into twelve proposed amendments and sent to the states for ratification. Ten of them were ratified in 1791 and became the first ten amendments to the Constitution —— the Bill of Rights.33. the Emancipation Proclamation During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.34. the Constitutional Convention In 1787, a conference was held in Philadelphia to consider what should be done to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. All the delegates agreed to revise the Articles of Confederation and draw up a new plan of government. After struggle, the Constitution was ratified at last. This conference is called the Constitutional Convertion.35. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.36. the Peace Conference The Peace Conference or the Paris Conference, began on January 18, 1919. The conference was actually a conference of division of colonies of Germany, Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire and the grabbing of as much as possible from the defeated nations. It wasdominated by the Big Four (the United States, Britain. France, and Italy)37. the Truman Doctrine: On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine in a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.38. the Marshall Plan On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced the Marshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.39. the New Frontier It was the President Kennedy’s program which promised civil rights for blacks, federal aid to farmers and to education, medical care for all and the abolition of poverty.40. checks and balances:The government is divided into three branches, the legislative, the executive and the judicial, each has part of the powers but not all the power. And each branch of government can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three。

英美概况考试题目及答案

英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。

答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。

答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。

答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。

答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。

答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。

答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。