轮机英语关联题(附答案)二三管轮

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轮机英语关联题(附答案)m二三管轮...教材

关联题（136题）Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pin.s. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Compressor cleaning during engine operationThe compressor may be cleaned by water injection during the engine operation. The cleaning process will have good results as long as the deposit formation has not gone too far. In ease a very thick hardened crest of dirt the compressor has to be dismantled for cleaning.In this method of cleaning the water is not acting as a solvent but instead removes the deposits mechanically by the impact of the water droplets. It is therefore recommended to use clean water without additives. The water should not contain any additives which might remain on the compressor blades.Periodically cleaning of the compressor (Fig. 4-2) prevents or delays excessive build-up of dirt but in no way replaces the usual overhauls where the turbocharger is completely dismantled.The turbocharger is provided with a water container (1). During the cleaning procedure the container is pressurized with the charge air (2) and from where the water is forced to the compressor inlet (3).1. Which of the following statements can be used to clean the compressor with the engine running?A. Water droplets Water with additives C. Charge air D. Hard crust2. What principal is used in this method of cleaning?A. The cleanser solves the deposits.B. The cleanser melts the deposits.C. The cleanser beats the deposits mechanically.D. The high pressure of the cleanser removes the deposits.3. Which of the following statements is not correct?A. The compressor needs regular cleaning.B. Periodical cleaning of the compressor contributes to reducing build-up of dirt.C. It’s not necessary to dismantle the turbocharger if periodical cleaning of the compressor is performed.D. Additives should better be avoided during the cleaning process.4. The cleaning water should not contain any additives, because_____.A. they may delay build-up of dirtB. they might remain on the blades of the compressorC. they may be forced to the compressor inletD. they are not good solventsACCBPassage 3Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 -100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression “HT”probably means ______.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERA TUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ______.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ______.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 4The vibration damper serves to reduce the torsional vibration generated by the crankshaft. The damper consists of a housing and a free rotating inertia ring supported by an axial bearing. It forms a totally enclosed unit. The free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a high viscous fluid. When the crankshaft rotates at constant speed, the inertia ring will follow this movement. The combustion pressure exerted on each piston generates vibration in the crankshaft, and each variation generated by such a vibration will affect the movement of the inertia ring. The resulting shift of the ring to the damper housing is opposed by the viscous fluid and the vibration will be reduced.The energy, absorbed during the process, is converted into heat and then radiated to the surrounding air. Hence, proper ventilation of the damper is essential.The viscous damper fluid is during engine operation subjected to ageing and the fluid becomes more viscous. In sending fluid samples on a regular base to the damper manufacturer the rate in reduction of the viscosity can be determined. As sampling interval time is 6000 hours advised. Dampers with a too high fluid viscosity may cause crankshaft breakdown.The damper cover has two filling holes located 180o opposite each other and closed by screw-in filler plugs. If one of these plugs is accessible, a fluid sample container can be screwed in and a sample taken with the damper in place. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in the vertical position.For liquid sampling, a special kit can be ordered from Stork-Wartsila Diesel.1. The general description of the vibration damper tells us that_____.A. the free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a low viscous fluidB. when the inertia ring moves at constant speed , the crankshaft follows this movementC. the damper is made up of a housing and a free rotating inertia ringD. no ventilation of the damper is necessary as the vibration reduction process absorbs little energy2. Which of the following statements is not true about maintenance of the viscous damper?A. Sampling interval time for determining the quality of the fluid is 6000 hours.B. For liquid sampling, a special kit can be used.C. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in place.D. The viscous fluid in a damper becomes more viscous as time goes by.3. During the engine operation, the vibration damper can_____.A. transfer the energy of the engineB. absorb the combustion heatC. oppose the crankshaft rotatingD. reduce the vibration of the crankshaft4. According to the passage, we learn that two filling holes in the damper cover are used _____.A. to recharge the fluidB. to ventilate the damperC. to fit the containerD. to take the sampleCCDDPassage 5The vibration damper employs a high viscous fluid to oppose the shift of the inertia ring to the damper housing. It is necessary to get samples to determine the rate in reduction of the viscosity. The steps to draw off the sample are as follows(Refer to the Fig. 4-3):1. Turn the engine until the drain plugs are easy accessible. Do not unscrew the drain plug until the damper is luke warm (approx. 40o C ).2. Carefully tap the locking of the upper drain plug backwards, using a punch, and unscrew the threaded plug. Do not yet remove the plug!3. Unscrew one cap nut from the (plastic) liquid container.4. Remove the drain plug and screw the liquid container instead.5. Remove the outer cap nut from the liquid container. Make sure that no machine oil or dirt can enter the liquid container!6. Screw the outer cap nut again, once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container. The filling-up period of the liquid container may take from a few seconds up to more than an hour, depending on the liquid condition.7. Unscrew the liquid container from the damper and fit the drain plug using a new joint ring (supplied with the mounting kit).8. Fit the second cap on the liquid container.If no sample can be taken in this way, you can proceed as follows:- If still no liquid appears after a while, remove the second drain plug, too.- Supply nitrogen of 3.5 bar maximum pressure through the open filling hole.If no nitrogen is available, air may be used, provided this air is properly filtered and dry.- Once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container, cut off the supply of nitrogen and screw the cap on the liquid container.- After the nitrogen supply has cut off, unscrew the liquid container, screw the second cap and fit both drain plugs.If a liquid sample cannot be obtained this way either, it can be assumed that the damper liquid has thickened to an inadmissible value, necessitating the replacement of the damper.1. According to the passage, we can learn that_____.A. before using the container to draw off the sample, both ends of it are closedB. the liquid container must be washed with machine oil before samplingC. liquid sampling must take more than one hourD. two liquid samples should be taken every time2. If the liquid sample cannot be taken any way, it means_____.A. nitrogen pressure is too lowB. the quantity of the damper fluid is insufficientC. the viscous fluid in damper becomes too thickD. the method of liquid sampling is incorrect3. Which statement is tree about the sampling process?A. The drain plug can be unscrewed regardless of the damper temperature.B. The drain plug should not be removed until one cap nut from the liquid container is unscrewed.C. The outer cap nut must be screwed before the liquid reaches the open end of the liquid container.D. The drain plug can be fit by using the old joint ring.4. If no sample can be taken by removing the first drain plug, then which of the following is done?A. The second drain plug should be removed too.B. A pressure of 5.3 bar should be applied.C. Clean and damp air is used instead of nitrogen if the latter is not available.D. The nitrogen supply continues when the liquid has reached the outer end of the liquid container. ACBAPassage 6At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring(刺耳的) sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes’ idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston tings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process ( Fig. 4-4).It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_____.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_____.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should be carried out_____.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load4. When dealing with engine troubles, _____.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked_____.B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checkedACDBPassage 7This sequence of events is made possible by substituting ports in the bottom of the cylinder wall for the inlet and exhaust valves. There are two groups of these ports, one for exhaust and the other for scavenging air, usually on the opposite sides of the cylinder, but in some designs both groups are arranged on the same side. The exhaust ports connect with the exhaust manifold, while the scavenging ports communicate with the scavenging air receiver in which low-pressure air is stored. The exhaust ports are slightly higher than the scavenging ports, so that they are uncovered by the piston while the scavenging ports are still closed.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )1. From the paragraph above, we know that_____.A. In general, both exhaust ports and scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides of the cylinderB. The exhaust ports are on the opposite sides, but the scavenging air ports are on the same sidesC. The scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides, but the exhaust ports are on the same sidesD. Two groups of parts are never arranged on the same sides2. According to the above paragraph the exhaust ports link with_____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the scavenging air receiversC. the exhaust manifoldD. the scavenging portsThe engine is also provided with a governor which is designed to regulate the engine' s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected. When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.( The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )3. From this paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speedACBBPassage 8The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to _____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only2. What is the function of lubricating oil?A. Formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear.B. Used as a cleaner.C. As a coolant in engines.D. All of the above.Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.(The following questions are based on the passage above. )3. In which situation we should use sea water system instead of fresh water system?A. When sea water pumps are damaged.B. When sea water cooler is damaged.C. When fresh water pumps are damaged.D. The blind-flanges are broken.4. The word “merely” in this paragraph could best be replaced by_____.A. onlyB. necessaryC. butD. ifCDCAPassage 9Because the exhaust gas driven turbo-blower cannot provide enough air at low engine speeds, the pressurized air should be cooled to increase the charge air density. As the air passes through the charge air cooler, its temperature may be reduced and moisture condensed, with the condensate in danger of being carried into the engine. So a water separator should be mounted beneath the bottom part of the engine inlet manifold.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. A water separator is used in order to _____.A. keep the air from being carded into the engineB. keep the moisture from being condensedC. keep the danger from being carded into the engineD. take away the condensate from the air2. Why should we use a charge air cooler?A. In order to increase the charge air temperature.B. In order to increase the charge air pressure.C. In order to reduce moisture condensed.D. In order to increase the charge air density.Lubricating oil from the compressor will pass along the air lines and deposit on them, in the event of a cylinder air starting valve leaking, hot gases would pass into the air pipes and ignite the lubricating oil. If starting air were supplied to the engine, this would further feed the fire and could lead to an explosion inthe pipelines. In order to prevent such an occurrence, cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintained and the pipelines regularly drained. Also oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimum, by careful maintenance.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. Which of the following may cause an explosion according to the passage?A. Starting air cannot be supplied into the engine.B. Air starting valve leaks and starting air is supplied into the engine.C. Cylinder-starting valves are properly maintained.D. Oil discharged from compressors is kept to a minimum.4. In order to avoid igniting the lubricating oil and leading to an explosion in the pipelines, _____.A. pipelines should be regularly drainedB. cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintainedC. oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimumD. A+B+CDDBDPassage 10Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine. The fuel oil system for a diesel engine can be considered in two parts: the fuel supply and the fuel injection system. When the atomized fuel is injected into the combustion space, ignition is not altogether instantaneous, a definite time lag being measurable between the time of injection and ignition. The period of ignition lag depends, among other factors, on the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. This paragraph tells us that_____.A. ignition takes place before the injection of the atomized fuelB. ignition takes place simultaneously with the injection of the atomized fuelC. the period of ignition lag depends only on the quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed airD. the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air are the two main factors determining the period of ignition lag2. “instantaneous瞬间的” in the passage probably means_____.A. simultaneous（同时的）B. afterC. beforeD. whenThe crankshaft is built up, the forged main bearing journals being shrunk into cast steel crank throws. The crank throws are displaced from each other to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throws. The alignment of the crankshaft in the bedplate should be checked at intervals to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stresses, which, under extreme conditions, may cause crankshaft failure.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. What does the word “alignment” mean in this passage?A. the bedplate is checked at intervalsB. to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stressesC. to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throwsD. arrangement in a straight line4. The number of degrees between the different crank throws should beA. all the sameB. a little bit differentC. smallerD. largerDADAPassage 11During overhaul the safety roles have to be observed as required in order to prevent the danger of accidents. Special precaution is necessary when the engine is running with lagging removed. During overhauls, with the engine shut down, safety measures should be taken to avoid undesirable turning of the crankshaft. All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw plugs or connections.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. During overhaul, we have to observe the safety rules, in order to _____.A. avoid desirable turning of the crankshaftB. make all pipes pressure-relievedC. avoid the danger of accidentsD. let the crankshaft turn undesirably2. Before the repair work is started, _____.A. engine should be pressure-chargedB. the pressure in all pipes should be increasedC. all pipes should be pressure-relievedD. the air in some pipes should be relievedFresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind flanges.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. From this paragraph, we can see that_____.A. the cylinder jackets and covers are cooled by fresh water and then by sea waterB. fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engineC. fresh water is used for the cooling of the main engineD. sea water is used for the cooling of both the fresh water and the main engine4. According to the paragraph, the term “various cooling liquids” refers to_____.A. fresh water and sea waterB. air and fresh waterC. fresh water and cooling oilD. sea water and airCCBCPassage 12The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation. There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections andmechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions.Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block. The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence “The circulating fresh water should be treated ...” (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be _____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary2. Which of the following statements is true?A. The cooling water system does not need maintenance if it works normally.B. The circulating fresh water does not need special treatment when in normal operation.C. In completely closed cooling water system scale will not be formed.D. Deposits in the cooling water system may not be formed over the length of time.3. Which of the following statements about the first sentence in paragraph 1 is true?A. The engine is installed by the manufacturer free of charge.B. The engine should be warmed in advance before installing.C. The installation must be conducted according to the instructions.D. The installation may be carried out freely.4. We can _____ to find out about the scale in the cooling water space of the cylinder cover.A. overhaul the cylinder linersB. remove the plugs in the sides of the headsC. open the inspection coversD. withdraw the pistonsDACBPassage 13Mechanical cleaningA great deal of the deposits consists of loose sludge and solid particles which can be brushed and rinsed off with water. On places where the accessibility is good, e.g. cylinder liners, mechanical cleaning of considerably harder deposits is efficient. In some cases it is advisable to combine chemical cleaning with a。

三管轮轮机英语大证考试真题40期

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第40期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.______usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion.A. Cylinder coverB. Main bearingC. The exhaust valveD. The piston movement2.The mechanical efficiency of an engine is always less than 100% ______lossesoccurring in the form of friction.A. becauseB. sinceC. due toD. owing3.The exhaust ports are located around the lower part of the cylinder liner, ______theproducts of combustion are driven by scavenging air.A. in whichB. by whichC. through whichD. from which4.The third engineer took the ______and checked the tank table in the office andrecorded all relevant data, as well as calculated the bunkering.A. water levelB. sump levelC. ballast tank levelD. ship's trim5.The lubricating pipes and ducts should be blown out with ______.A. the atmosphereB. the fresh waterC. the compressed airD. the chemical compounds6.______neutralizes the acid conditions and ______cleanses the rings and grooves.A. The detergency/the alkalinityB. The alkalinity/the detergencyC. The inhabitant/ the waterD. The additives/the distilled water7.If the engine does not start on air, it may be due to______.A. low compression of the fuel pumpsB. incorrect timing of fuel pumpsC. the starting air valves stuckD. air-locks in fuel oil pipeline8.______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to thecylinder before the reversing is completed.A. An automaticB. A transmissionC. A self-regulatingD. An interlocking9. A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ______of speed of the crankshaft.A. a reductionB. an increaseC. an outingD. a downwards10.Fuel injection uses the jet pump system and a Woodward type hydraulic ______isused to control engine speed.A. controllerB. governorC. instrumentD. apparatus 11.The overspeeding of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause______.A. low voltage trip to tripB. reverse power trip to tripC. damage to windingsD. excessive exhaust temperatures12.Any carbon built up on surfaces must be washed away by ______additives andheld in suspension by a ______additive.A. dispersant /detergentB. detergent/dispersantC. dispersant /dispersantD. detergent/detergent13.While flowing through the volute in a centrifugal pump, part of the ______energyof the liquid is converted to ______energy.A. kinetic/pressureB. kinetic/essentialC. pressure/kineticD.pressure/height14.Gear pumps are ______because they discharge a near constant amount of liquidregardless of pressure.A. negative displacement typeB. turbine typeC. positive displacement typeD. mixed-flow type15.Operating a rotary pump at speeds in excess of design requirements couldcause______.A. decreased clearances between rotating partsB. decreased slippage to the suction side of the pumpC. air binding in the discharge portsD. erosion and excessive wear16.The fire pumps must be capable of delivering a total quantity of water at a definedhead , not less than______of the total bilge pumping capacity.A. one-thirdB. two-thirdsC. one-fourthD. two-fourths17.The bilge system has been performing well; however, the aft starboard engineroom bilge-well suddenly fails to be pumped out. Which of the following should be done first to determine the cause?A. Open the bilge pump for inspection.B. Remove each of the manifold valves.C. Remove only the manifold valve to the affected bilge-well.D. Attempt to pump out another bilge well to determine if the entire system isaffected.18.Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of the ballastsystem?A. To permit flooding of any fuel oil storage tank on any class of ship.B. To use it as a secondary service system.C. To store reserve feed or potable water for extended cruises.D. To stabilize the ship by flooding certain designed tanks with seawater.19.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.A. bottom blow the boilerB. treat the water with caustic soda1C. treat the water with chemical scavengersD. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings20.Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast ______must be fitted in thepipeline.A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an aircooler21.The most common cause of scale formation in an auxiliary boiler is ______.A. concentrations of calcium sulphate in the boiler waterB. fuel oil in the feedwaterC. improper treatment of the feed water with calcium sulphateD. excessive feed water alkalinity22.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the wateroutlet. We changed the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder23.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when______bilge water.A. to pump offB. being pumpedC. pumping outD. it pumping out24. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by______.A. large size of oil globuleB. low temperature25. C. high viscosity D. high flow rate26.Medium speed engines have a ______power to weight ratio than the slow speedtwo strokes, but due to the higher speeds tend to have ______maintenance intervals.A. higher/reducedB. higher/increasedC. lower/reducedD. lower/increased27.Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons grosstonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above, ______oil tankers, to record relevant machinery space operations.A. as well asB. as long asC. rather thanD. other than28.It is important with all hydraulic systems to ensure that interlocking arrangementsprovided for pump or motor control levers are before the pump driving motor can be started.A. in the port positionB. in the starboard positionC. in the neutral positionD. to be dismantled29.The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlledwith______.A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel30.With reference to operating a four-ram steering gear system under emergencyconditions, which one of the following statements is incorrect ?A. Only one pump should be used at any timeB. The ship speed should be reduced to 70% of the normalC. Watch keeping of the steering gear should be increasedD. Limitations of the steering gear should be logged but the bridge need not beinformed31.Which of the following problems can result in below normal pressure in theintercooler of an operating low pressure air compressor?A. Defective pressure pilot valveB. Defective receiver relief valveC. Leaking intake valves on the high pressure cylinderD. Leaking discharge valves on the low pressure cylinder32.The air charge leaving an intercooler, or after-cooler of an air compressor can beexpected to be __.A. superheatedB. super-cooledC. at or below the dew pointD. all of theabove33.Open the ______of inter cooler before starting an air compressor.A. cylinder coverB. cooling waterC. oil cupD. drain valve34.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a resultof______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. overheating and oxidationC. lowered operating temperaturesD. reducing the cloud or flash point35.If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition would result in______.A. continuous running of the compressorB. high suction pressureC. high discharge pressureD. short cycling of the compressor on the waterfailure switch36.Which of the statements listed concerning heat transfer is correct?A. Heat is always transferred at a constant rate.B. Heat transfer rate increases as temperature difference increases.C. The rate of heat transfer is not affected by temperature difference.D. The high temperature region is known as a heat sink.37.The purpose of the low pressure cutout switch is to______.A. maintain liquid refrigerant at the suction of the compressorB. maintain a preset suction pressure to the compressorC. start and stop the compressor at preset operating pressuresD. operate at minimum efficiency38.When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off' cycle, the thermal expansion valvewill______.A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate as if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressorrestartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts239.The star formation is most commonly used and requires ______on the alternator.A. one slip-ringB. two slipringsC. three slipringsD. four sliprings40. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the ______.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay41.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure thecircuits are______.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line42.Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator fromparallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard.B. Turn off all electrical equipment.C.Remove the load from the … offgoing' generator.D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line.43. A … dead front' switchboard is one ______.A. without switches on itB. with insulated switches and no exposed terminalsC. without circuit breakersD. without safety hand rails nor rubber mats44.In ______the control action is independent on the output.A. a closed loop control systemB. an open loop control systemC. a boiler control systemD. a steering gear automatic control system45.Every precaution must be taken to avoid ______.A. sparking being taking placeB. to spark taking placeC. sparking to be taken placeD. sparking taking place46.The ______is used to measure the volume of a liquid or gas through a pipelinewithin any given period of time.A. flowmeterB. viscometerC. micrometerD. feeler47. A salinity indicator is used to determine the ______.A. cause of salt contaminationB. location of salt water contaminationC. chemical makeup of feed-waterD. level of alkalinity in condensate48.In order to accurately measure very low pressures, which of the instruments listedshould be used?A. Compound gageB. Bourdon tubeC. ManometerD. Deadweight gage49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. all of the above50.The main difference between a motor control circuit containing low voltageprotection and low voltage release is that the latter contains______.A. a magnetic operating coilB. normally open line contactsC. thermal-overload protectionD. a momentary-contact start button51.If the engine ______for a long period, there will be a danger of frost.A. must stand inoperativeB. has to stand inoperativeC. must be stood idleD. will stand idle52.If fuel injection to a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine begins earlier than designed,ignition may be delayed because the ______.A. cylinder compression pressure may not be high enoughB. cylinder compression temperature may be too highC. fuel oil injection pressure may not be high enoughD. scavenge and purge process is incomplete53.Improper cooling of a diesel engine cylinder liner due to the accumulation of scaledeposits, may cause______.A. low compression pressureB. increased piston wearC. increased cylinder lube oil consumptionD. poor contact between compression rings and liner54.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by______.A. high compression pressureB. low intake air temperatureC. low exhaust pressureD. high scavenge air temperature55.High exhaust temperature and black smoke exhausting from an auxiliary dieselengine can be caused by ______.A. engine overloadB. low combustion temperatureC. plugged fuel nozzle holesD. excessive compression pressure56.In a diesel engine, excessive cylinder liner wear will cause ______.I. increased blow-by II. wear between the piston ring and grooveA. I only is correctB. II only is correctC. both I and II are correctD. neither I or II are correctbustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under anycondition permitting ______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets58.The load on the crosshead pin is always______, so it is the ______half of thebearing which is subject to wear.A. upwards/topB. upwards/bottomC. downwards/topD. downwards/bottom59.If the action of the engine indicates that some of the cylinders are not firing, theones affected may be determined by watching ______.3A. the bad smokeB. the smoky exhaustC. the exhaust temperatureD. the peak pressure60. A centrifugal pump can‟t supply water after starting. You should firs tly check ___.A. discharge valveB. power supplyC. packing glandD. bearing lubrication61.Which of the motors for the devices listed below is fitted with an instantaneous(瞬时的) overload relay?A. FanB. PumpC. WinchD. Machine tool62.If ______are taken at regular intervals, any unequal distribution of load will beeasily found out.A. indicator diagramsB. nomo-gramC. temperature readingsD. pressure readings63.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density within _____.A. the engine crankcaseB. the engine scavenge boxesC. drain tanksD. fuel tanks64.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases65.It is well known that the wh ole power distribution of the ship‟s electrical servicesmainly depend on the______.A. sub-boardsB. main switchboardsC. emergency switchboardsD. distribution boards66.The Company should ensure that ______documents are promptly removed.A. absoluteB. updatedC. outdatedD. new67.You may improve a vessel's stability by ______.A. keeping the fuel tanks topped offB. increasing the free surface effectC. keeping the fuel tanks at least half fullD. keeping at least one fuel tank empty for slops68.The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the useof ______.A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants69.We‟ve trie d many ways, but all in vain. Only in this way, ___the problem, I‟m sure.A. can we solveB. we can solveC. we will solveD. can be solved70.It was ______midnight that we removed the trouble and went back to our cabins.A. untilB. not untilC. not beforeD. not after71.The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its______.A. viscosityB. pour pointC. volatilityD. lower explosive limit72.If there has been a fire in a closed unventilated compartment it may be unsafe toenter because of ______.A. unburned carbon particlesB. excess nitrogenC. a lack of oxygenD. excess hydrogen73.Tell your men ______the rules and procedures of working when dismantling theequipment.A. not to go againstB.don‟t go againstC. not go to againstD. to not goagainst74.The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and theirdistributing within the ship is governed by______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above.75.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the mostimportant of all international treaties concerning the ______of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The windlass is the usual anchor-handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. A more recent development, particular on largervessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.The rotating units of a split windlass consist of a cable lifter with shaped snug to grip the anchor cable, a mooring drum for paying out or letting go of mooringwires and a warp end for warping duties. Each of these units may be separatelyengaged or disengaged by means of a dog clutch, although the warp end is oftendriven in association with mooring drum. A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off.The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from thespurling pipe, which is at the top and the chain or cable locker.Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotatesabout a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the drivingmachinery being on the deck below.76.According to the passage, the rotating units of a split windlass don‟t include______.A. a cable lifterB. a mooring drumC. a chain lockerD. a warp end77.The word “assembly” in the sentence “ A spur gear assembly transmits the motordrive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.” is as the same meaning as ______.A. unitB. shaftC. dog clutchD. spurling pipe78.One of the functions of a dog clutch is ______.A. to transmit the motor drive to the shaft4B. to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched offC. to engage or disengage the rotating units of a split windlass separatelyD. to handle both anchors79.Which of the following statements is correct ?A. A more recently development, particularly on larger vessels, is the splitwindlass where one machine is used to handle both anchors.B.The word “machine” in the passage refers to the windlass.C. Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotatesabout a horizontal axis.D. Both the cable lifter unit and the driving machinery are located on deck.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. （修理单）辅助锅炉水空间需采用化学方法除去水垢，如发现有烧坏的管子则换新，安全释放阀调至设定值。

轮机员英语面试(轮机长、大管轮、二管轮、三管轮适用)

轮机员英语面试（轮机长、大管轮、二管轮、三管轮适用）1、Can you measure oil level? Which method is right, to measure ullage height or to measure oil depth?Both will do. In practice, to measure ullage height is more specific than to measure oil depth. To measure ullage height, we should know the standard height of oil tank. In common practice, we usually measure the oil depth.2、Could you tell the working parts of a gas welding gun?Yes, sir. The working parts include nozzle, oxygen valve, acetylene valve, oxygen supply, acetylene supply. In addition, filler rod is used to fill in welded joint when it melts.注：焊枪是轮机部常用的维修工具，工作时这些部件名称经常涉及到。

3、How to pump out bilge water in the engine room?Pump bilge water into sludge tank. Then pump bilge water into oily water separator. Enquire master or deck officers on duty to pump out at appropriate water. The proportion should not beyond 15 PPM.机舱排污水程序可表述为把污水排到污水集中柜内，再通过油水分离器在允许排放区域按含油量小于15 PPM排放。

轮机英语关联题(大连李文华版79篇)

第四章关联题79题Passage 1V alve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine' s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 V alve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is_____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ________ *A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenanceschedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 – 100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the L T water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression " HT" probably means ________.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERA TUREC. HEA T TRANSMISSIOND. HEA T TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ________.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ________.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 3Starting air systemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PT301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual ( on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses the main starting air valve.After the main starting air valve is activated the air flows through the flame arrestere to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting air distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves. On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve. Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine start with engaged turning gear.1. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequence of the following devices beingactivated is ________.①solenoid valve; ② starting air valve; ③ starting air distributor; ④ main starting air valve ;⑤governor booster.A. ①,⑤,④,②,③B. ①,④,⑤,③,②C. ①,④,③,②,⑤D. ④,③,①,②,⑤2. The sentence " the governor booster is energized" ( paragraphs) probably means ________.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oil is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engine3. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pressure transmitter FT 301B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valveD. a starting air distributor4. When the engine is engaged with turning gear,________ can keep the engine from startingA. the control airB. the solenoid valveC. the main starting air valveD. the interlock valveBDBDPassage 4Starting air distributorThe starting air distributor is of the piston type with precision machined inter changeable liners.The liners as well as the pilot pistons are of corrosion resistant materials. The pilot pistons are controlled by a cam connected to the camshaft end. When the main starting valve opens, the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam, whereby the pilot piston for the engine cylinder which is in starting position admits control air to the main piston of the starting valve. The starting air valve opens and admits compressed air into the engine cylinder forcing that piston down. Shortly before the exhaust valves are opened the pilot valve interrupts the control air to the starting air valve and starting air to that cylinder is stopped. This procedure will be repeated as long as the main starting valve is activated or until the engine speed is so high that the engine fires. After the main starting air valve is closed, the main starting air system is de-aerated, the pressure drops quickly and the springs will lift the pilot plungers off the cam. This means that the pilot plungers touch the cam only during the starting process and thus wear is insignificant.If a pilot liner is worn out, press it out. It may be necessary to heat the distributor up till about 200ºC as "Loctite" is used for fixing and sealing.1. According to the passage, the liners of the starting air distributor ________.A. can be replaced when worn outB. are made of heat resistant materialsC. are welded preciselyD. are worn out easily during the starting process2. During the starting process, when ________, the main starting air valve is closed.A. the exhaust valves in the starting cylinder are openedB. the pilot air to the starting air valve is stoppedC. the engine speed reaches fire speedD. the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam3. When some cylinder of the engine admits compressed air into it, the pilot piston of the starting airdistributor should be _________.A. separated from the camB. pressed onto the camC. lifted off the camD. pressed onto the cam repeatedly4. From the passage we know that "Loctite" is probably________.A. a type of gasketB. a kind of lubricantC. a glue bondD. an anti-corrosion additiveACBCPassage 5The engine' s supporting element consists of a bedplate and frame. The bedplate can be of welded or cast design. The frame is made of cast iron. The turbocharger mounting, the housing for the air cooler and the charging air receiver are cast as an integral part of the frame. The underslung crankshaft' s main bearings are mounted in bores in the frame and secured with main bearing caps of steel. The caps are guided sideways and are secured by means of threaded studs and nuts that are tightened hydraulically.The caps are also secured with horizontal bracing screws in the frame.The bearing shells are produced with a tolerance that makes it possible to change them a set at a time without any scraping-in.The top flanges of the cylinder liners are forced against the top face of the frame by the cylindercovers , whereas at the bottom they are guided by a bottom flange through which they are free to expand under the effects of heat. Tightness between the water chamber and the crankcase is achieved with two rubber rings inserted in slots in the guide surface of the cylinder liner.The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft through a gearing, which is mounted on the engine's flywheel end and covered by a 2-part shield. The camshaft runs in steel bushes lined with white metal.In each side of the frame, large openings are provided for inspection of roller guides, cams and the main and crank bearings. The openings have covers, some of which are provided with crankcase explosion relief valves that equalize the pressure if the oil vapors in the crankcase are ignited, for example as a result of hot running.The bedplate can be used as a lubricating oil reservoir and is therefore provided with a dipstick. The oil can, however, be drained off to a special bottom tank, so that the engine runs with a dry sump.A fuel oil pump of the gear type is driven from the camshaft through a clutch. A lubricating oil pump, which is of the same type, is driven by a clutch mounted on the end of the crankshaft or, for propulsion plant, through a flexible gear wheel drive.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. the construction of an engineB. how the engine worksC. the lube and cooling system of an engineD. when the crankcase explosion occurs2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an integral part of the frame?A. Turbocharger mountingB. Bearing capsC. Air cooler housingD. Scavenging air reservoir3. The camshaft ________.A. is supported by bearingsB. may not drive the fuel oil pump in some casesC. will not drive a lube oil pumpD. All of the above are true.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The frame is made of cast iron.B. There are underslung bearings in this engine.C. Four rubber rings ensure the tightness between the crankcase and the water chamber.D. Relief valves are provided on the frame.ABDCPassage 6The cylinder cover is made of cast iron and is provided with two inlet valves, two exhaust valves, a central mounted fuel injection valve and an indicator valve. The inlet valves are mounted with separate seating rings made of special heat-resistant cast iron. These rings are pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions. The exhaust valve seatings are special, water-cooled seating rings. These rings are also pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions.Each cylinder cover is provided with cooling water from a screwed-on tubular cooling water jacket through radial bores in the thick bottom of the cover. Each of the radial bores is connected to two side bores. The cover has further separate bores that lead to the cooling water jacket and the bores in the cylinder cover to a common outlet chamber. The cylinder cover and cylinder liner are assembled by means of four threaded studs screwed into the frame. Tightening is effected by means of hydraulic tools, and sealing by means of a thin ring mounted between the cylinder cover and the cylinder liner. A starting valve ismounted on the side of the cylinder cover.The engine has oil-cooled pistons of cast iron. The pistons are provided with three compression rings and a spring-loaded scraper ring. A space for cooling oil is provided at the top of the piston. The scraper ring prevents lubricating oil from being drawn up into the combustion chamber.Oil for cooling the piston crown is led from a bore in the crankshaft through a channel in the connecting rod and the connecting rod journal, to die bushing for the gudgeon pin. This bushing is provided with an annular groove from which part of the oil is led for lubricating the gudgeon pin. Tile remaining oil continues through bores in the gudgeon pin and the piston to piston cooling chamber.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. cylinders and cylinder coversB. cylinders and pistonsC. cylinder covers and pistonsD. cylinders and oil2. Which of the following may be provided on top of the cylinder cover';'A. Two exhaust valvesB. A starting valveC. An indicatorD. All of the above3. Which of the following is true?A. The inlet valve seating rings are of heat-resistant cast steel.B. There are six studs by which the cylinder cover and lin er are tightened.C. The exhaust valve seatings are cooled by water.D. A copper ring is mounted between the cylinder cover and the liner.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The pistons are cooled by oil.B. Four piston rings are fitted to each piston.C. The scraper ring scrapes the oil downwards.D. The piston cooling is of splash type -CACDPassage 7Each of the engine cylinders is provided with a Bosch, type PF, fuel pump. The fuel pump is a single-acting plunger pump with non-adjustable stroke. The plunger is so accurately ground and lapped that its clearance inside the barrel is only 0.002 ~ 0.003 nun. This provides sufficient tightness between plunger and barrel, even at pressures as high as 200 - 400 bar, without the need for sealing materials. Neither the plunger nor the barrel can therefore be renewed individually. The plunger pressure stroke is produced by a cam on the engine camshaft, whereas the return stroke, the suction stroke is effected by means of a strong coil spring. The top of the pump barrel is closed by a spring-loaded pressure valve, to which the fuel oil pipe for the respective fuel valve on the relevant engine cylinder is connected.Regulation of the amount of fuel delivered by the fuel pump is achieved by turning the pump plunger, the cylindrical surface of which has a milled recess. The bottom of this recess ends with an edge, which is at right angles to the cylinder generating lines, whereas the top of the recess is limited by a helix. This produces an inclined control edge on the plunger, which also has a narrow longitudinal groove. In the pump barrel are drilled two diametrical holes through which the fuel oil can flow into the fuel pump barrel. The pump barrel is surrounded by a regulating sleeve, the upper end of which is shaped as a toothed rim. The lower end has two lengthwise slots in which projecting lugs on the lower end of the plunger can slide up and down. The end of the regulating rod from the engine governor is designed as a toothed rack thatengages with the toothed rim on the end of the regulating sleeve. This makes it possible to turn the pump plunger during engine operation.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. The fuel pump ________.A. is of PF typeB. is of reciprocating typeC. has an inlet valve and an outlet valveD. A and B are true.2. The plunger ________.A. is accurately ground and lapped outside the barrelB. has a tiny clearance inside the barrelC. can be renewed individually when worn outD. All of the above are true3. Which of the following is true?A. The stroke of the plunger can be adjustedB. The outlet valve is spring loadedC. The plunger down stroke is accomplished by the springD. B and C are true.4. It can be inferred that when moving the rack ________.A. the sleeve moves up and downB. the plunger moves up and downC. the effective stroke of the pump will be changedD. All of the above are true.DBDCPassage 8Governing prime movers, particularly diesel engines, require careful consideration. The cyclic variations of a diesel cycle can be passed into the governor drive if it is too "stiff". That is, the cyclic vibrations will be imposed on the internal gearing etc. inside the governor housing. To prevent this, some form of damper should be used on the drive into the governor. The mounting point for the governor should be rigid; a vibration mounting would soon downgrade even the best of governors. Chain or belt drives should be avoided as far as possible, as slapping of the belt or chain produces speed variations causing malfunction of the governor. Similarly the drive from the end of the camshaft is subject to torsional vibrations, and governors should not be located at that point. They should be located as close as practicable to the fuel pumps, thereby limiting the mass/inertia of operating linkage. In all cases, the governor should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time etc. On large engines there is an inertial resistance to acceleration within the masses of reciprocating and rotating elements of the engine, so that during acceleration fuel could be released to the cylinders at a faster rate than efficient combustion can burn it. In an attempt to compensate for this, and to maintain acceptable combustion during acceleration, a tapping from the scavenge space may be taken and the pressure used to regulate the rate of fuel released to the engine. This process is incorporated into the governor operating system so that the governor releases a quantity of fuel commensurate with the increase in air pressure in the scavenge space. ( during deceleration the problem is not so great, as excess air can be tolerated far more easily than can the incomplete combustion associated with insufficient air.)(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. mounting the governorsB. the scavenge pressure limit to the governorC. A and BD. how the governor regulates the fuel index2. The drive to the governor ________.A. should be rigidB. should use damperC. should use chains or beltsD. should be from the end of the cam shaft3. The governor should be mounted close to the fuel pumps ________.A. for limiting the inertia effectB. for limiting the loadC. to ensure speed droopD. to cut down the cost4. It can be inferred that with scavenge pressure limit ________.A. the engine can be accelerated rapidlyB. the engine can be decelerated rapidlyC. the governor will supply fuel oil efficientlyD. the combustion will be more complete CBADPassage 9After the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver has been opened, the air flows at full pressure through the filter to the main start valve "A" (with complicated construction), thereby applying pressure to pipe between the main start valve "A" and the starting air control valve. Providing that maneuvering hand wheel is in the "Stop" position, all other pipes are without pressure.If the wheel is turned towards the "Start" position, a pawl above the starting air control valve is actuated and the valve is opened, allowing air to flow to the main start valve "A" . It opens to allow a direct through-flow of air. All cylinder starting valves are thus exposed to air pressure and, furthermore, air flows to the starting air distributor, which is controlled by the camshaft. The distributor has a series of slide valves arranged radially around the camshaft-one slide valve for each cylinder. These supply pilot air to the cylinder starting valves with pistons in the "Start"position. The rotation of the engine crankshaft commences, after which the cylinder starting valves are opened in the correct sequence - The crankshaft is thus brought to speed of rotation necessary for compression and ignition.When the maneuvering hand wheel is turned, the governor is actuated through a flexible cable setting the fuel pumps. However, a fuel index limiting arrangement is inserted, which keeps the regulating shaft and thus the fuel pumps at zero index during the starting process, ensuring that fuel is not injected into a cylinder during the supply of starting air.When the engine crankshaft has reached the necessary speed, the hand wheel is turned further past the "Start" position with the result that the arm above the starting air control valve is released and the valve is closed and vented. At the same time, the control piston in the main start valve "A" is also vented , thus blocking the supply of air to the cylinder starting vales, the starting air distributor and the fuel index limiter. Gradually, as the handle is turned further towards the maximum position. The governor increases the fuel pump index and the crankshaft rotates more quickly. The governor ensures that the maximum permissible speed is not exceeded.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is about ________.A. starting air system and speed regulating systemB. start of the engineC. governorD. crankshaft2. If the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver is opened ________.A. the cylinder starting valves are subject to pressureB. the air flows to the starting air distributorC. the starting air control valve is actuatedD. None of the above is true.3. tf the hand wheel is positioned "start"________.A. the starting air control valve will be openedB. individual starting valve on each cylinder will be exposed to pressureC. there will be cylinder starting valve or valves openedD. All of the above are true.4. During the supply of starting air to the cylinder ________.A. air is consumedB. fuel oil may be supplied to the cylinder or cylinderd for reliable startingC. the control piston in the main start valve "A" is ventedD. All of the above are true.BDDAPassage 10The governor drive is placed on the stem end of the engine and consists of a cylindrical gear wheel which is driven by the gear wheel on the camshaft, plus a set of conical gears. The function of the governor is to control the effective stroke of the fuel pumps, so that the rev/min of the crankshaft is maintained constant within certain limits, independent of the load.The action of the governor is transferred through arms and draw rods to a longitudinal regulating shaft on which a 2-part arm is provided for each fuel pump. The 2-part arm comprises an aim holder and a spring lever which are connected by a spring, thereby enabling the governor to control the pumps even if one of the pump pistons seizes. The movement is transferred from the spring lever to the toothed rack of the pump through a linkage.The regulating shaft is also provided with a stop arm which can be moved by the piston rod in a stop cylinder that is activated when the engine' s overspeed trip comes into operation. The piston rod in the stop cylinder influences the stop arm, whereby the regulating shaft is turned and the fuel pumps are set in the "Stop" position, thus stopping the engine. The Woodward governor tries to maintain the regulating shaft in the "Running" position, but between the governor and the regulating shaft there is a flexible draw rod that can be compressed and thus allows the regulating shaft to be moved into the " Stop" position.If a cylinder is to be set out of action, e.g. when measuring the compression pressure, the spring lever and thereby the toothed rack of the relevant fuel pump is moved to the zero position.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. working of the governorB. the camshaftC. fuel index regulating of the engineD. the fuel pump2. The governor ________.A. is driven directly by the crankshaftB. is driven with chains by the camshaftC. is in the middle partD. None of the above is true.3. If a fuel pump piston seizes ________A. the stop cylinder will be activatedB. the governor will be damagedC. the relevant spring will be compressedD. the flexible joint will be compressed4. When measuring die compression pressure in the cylinder ________.A. the engine should be stoppedB. the fuel pump should be stoppedC. the toothed rack of the relevant fael pump should be moved to zero positionD. None of the above is true.CDCCPassage 11Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas . Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, "servo governors" have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines in to the desired position. This "powered" operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too smallD. All of the above are true.2. If the spring fractured ________.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off3. From the first paragraph we know that the fuel index ________.A. will exceed the predetermined upper limit on on accountB. will exceed the predetermined limit if the load is too highC. will invariably stuck。

轮机三管轮考证英语41试题加答案

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.A. cross-headB. spark plugC. connecting rodD. cylinder2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, iscommonly classed as a ______.A. slow-speed dieselB. medium-speed dieselC. high-speed dieselD. constant-speed diesel3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engineoperating efficiency?A. ImpellerB. CompressorC. After-coolerD. Exhaust diffuser4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______.A. it has a longer power strokeB. more air gets into the cylinder each strokeC. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedD. higher combustion pressure is developed5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______.A. cam followersB. push rodsC. combustion gasesD. valve springs6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be dividedinto two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______.A. the pulse-phase systemB. the pulse Doppler systemC. the pulse systemD. the pulse interval system7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over-speed.A. cutting power off the engineB. increasing the fuel pump settingC. braking the crankshaftD. stabilizing the ship speed8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moisture.B. Test the relief valves.C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter.9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. seawater pressureD. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases fromthe main engine.A. an diesel oil heaterB. a waste heat boilerC. a fresh water generatorD. a donkey boiler12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______.A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressureB. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiencyC. recycle exhaust gas to the turbochargerD. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blow down the gage glassD. assure protective steam flow14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______.A. increased heat transferB. fireside erosionC. high steam demandD. overheated tubes16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with areciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Uponaccidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build upA. I, IIB. II, IIIC. I, II, IIID. II only17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts?A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing.B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out.C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump.D. They increase the strength of the shaft.18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______.A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completelyemptiedB. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped outC. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wellsD. discharge pressure will be too high.19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps?A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed.B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened.C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction.D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed.20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to______.A. closely observe the pump discharge temperatureB. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressureC. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressureD. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records21.Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between awarmer and a cooler substance?A. RadiationB. ConductionC. Natural convectionD. Contact directly22. A re-heater in an air conditioning system functions to ______.A. control inlet air temperatureB. control inlet air volumeC. maintain relative humidity at 15%D. restore conditioned air temperature to a comfortable level23.In a chilled water air conditioning unit using a reciprocating compressor, the refrigerating effectof the primary refrigerant can be increased by ______.A. increasing refrigerant pressure in the coilB. increasing chilled water flow through the coolerC. sub-cooling the refrigerant in the condenserD. superheating the refrigerant in the compressor24.Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressoras a result of ______.A. wax precipitation in the lube oilB. contamination by dust, scale, or moistureC. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilD. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity25.Placing a filter on the ______of an oily water separator will “polish” the discharge butoverloading must be avoided.A. suction sideB. discharge sideC. by-pass pipeD. sampling pipe26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______.The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agent （消毒剂）D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. Wechanged the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder32.The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators,include ______.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator33.Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a drinking water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve34.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinder body36.In a general cargo crane, ______is fitted to lift the cargo load.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan moter37.______are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches38.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate39.Dual (双的)electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A. with both pumps on line at the same time B．with one pump on standbyC．with the follow-up gear disconnected D．only when the rudder is moved amidships40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41.An electrical device which employs a stationary armature and a rotating electromagnetic field isused aboard ship as a ______.A. magnetic amplifierB. ship's service alternatorC. three-wire DC generatorD. saturable core reactor42.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .A. D.C.B. A.C. C. generatorD. fresh water generator43.Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ______.A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch44.______shall be continuously powered and shall have an automatic changeover to a stand bypower supply in case of loss of normal power supply .A. Cooling systemB. Alarm systemC. The air conditioning installationD. The mooring equipment45.Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind ______andonly the operation handles and instruments are on the frontA. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface46.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards47.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.A. heat-resisting acrylicB. heat-resisting aluminumC. insulating varnishD. insulating white lead49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. should short the circuit when overloaded50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.A. diode(二极管)B. amplifierC. circuit breakerD. capacitor51.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid52.When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unitor console should be ___.A. automatically controlledB. off powerC. continuously mannedD. continuously unmanned53.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the ______gear put in, all drains andindicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55. A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation57.To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.A. close all openings to the areaB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. cool the bulkheads around the fireD. shut off all electric power 58.The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack59.After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______.A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment'sentranceB. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administration.C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.61.To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thatpersonnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery andelectronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spacesII. Bunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II65.Your ship’s certificates show that you did not do renewing work for certificate. All certificateshave expired a few days before. Thus, your ship is ______.It follows therefore that she will______.A. seaworthy / be fined in our portB. un-seaworthy/ be disassembled in our portC. seaworthy / be assembled in our portD. un-seaworthy / be detained in our port66.“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a______.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer withoutdelay______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in ma chinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship’sspeedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not tomaintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable avessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. efficiencyD. safety73.The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused74.______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall bemaintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 4二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 75. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal levelB. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze in the funnelC. orange flame tipD. swirl oil spray三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. 船舶加油期间，如发现船舶附近水面有油或发生溢油事故，都应立即停止加油作业。

轮机英语关联题79和810道新题

第四章关联题79题Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine' s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is_____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ________ *A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenanceschedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 – 100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression " HT" probably means ________.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERATUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ________.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ________.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 3Starting air systemThe engine is started with compressed air of max 30 bar. Minimum pressure required is 15 bar. A pressure transmitter PT301 mounted on the starting air line before the main starting valve has an indicator in the instrument panel. The supply line from the starting air bottles is provided with a non return valve and a drain valve.The solenoid valve is electrical (remote control) or manual ( on the engine) operated and send after activation a pilot air signal to the main starting air valve. Interruption of the control air doses the main starting air valve.After the main starting air valve is activated the air flows through the flame arrestere to the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. Part of the air flows via the starting air distributor to each of the starting air valves in the cylinder heads. The starting air distributor controls the timing of opening and closing of the starting air valves. On the moment the main starting air valve is operated also the governor booster is energized. The main starting air line is provided of a safety valve. Interlock valve is a safety device to avoid an engine start with engaged turning gear.1. As the engine is started with compressed air, the correct sequence of the following devices beingactivated is ________.①solenoid valve; ② starting air valve; ③ starting air distributor; ④ main starting air valve ;⑤governor booster.A. ①,⑤,④,②,③B. ①,④,⑤,③,②C. ①,④,③,②,⑤D. ④,③,①,②,⑤2. The sentence " the governor booster is energized" ( paragraphs) probably means ________.A. the governor booster is supplied with electric powerB. hydraulic oil is pumped into the governor boosterC. the governor starts to work before starting the engineD. the governor booster is supplied with pressurized air before starting the engine3. Which of the following components are attached to the air bottles?A. a pressure transmitter FT 301B. a non-return valve and a drain valveC. a solenoid valveD. a starting air distributor4. When the engine is engaged with turning gear,________ can keep the engine from startingA. the control airB. the solenoid valveC. the main starting air valveD. the interlock valveBDBDPassage 4Starting air distributorThe starting air distributor is of the piston type with precision machined inter changeable liners.The liners as well as the pilot pistons are of corrosion resistant materials. The pilot pistons are controlled by a cam connected to the camshaft end. When the main starting valve opens, the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam, whereby the pilot piston for the engine cylinder which is in starting position admits control air to the main piston of the starting valve. The starting air valve opens and admits compressed air into the engine cylinder forcing that piston down. Shortly before the exhaust valves are opened the pilot valve interrupts the control air to the starting air valve and starting air to that cylinder is stopped. This procedure will be repeated as long as the main starting valve is activated or until the engine speed is so high that the engine fires. After the main starting air valve is closed, the main starting air system is de-aerated, the pressure drops quickly and the springs will lift the pilot plungers off the cam. This means that the pilot plungers touch the cam only during the starting process and thus wear is insignificant.If a pilot liner is worn out, press it out. It may be necessary to heat the distributor up till about 200ºC as "Loctite" is used for fixing and sealing.1. According to the passage, the liners of the starting air distributor ________.A. can be replaced when worn outB. are made of heat resistant materialsC. are welded preciselyD. are worn out easily during the starting process2. During the starting process, when ________, the main starting air valve is closed.A. the exhaust valves in the starting cylinder are openedB. the pilot air to the starting air valve is stoppedC. the engine speed reaches fire speedD. the pilot pistons are pressed onto the cam3. When some cylinder of the engine admits compressed air into it, the pilot piston of the starting airdistributor should be _________.A. separated from the camB. pressed onto the camC. lifted off the camD. pressed onto the cam repeatedly4. From the passage we know that "Loctite" is probably________.A. a type of gasketB. a kind of lubricantC. a glue bondD. an anti-corrosion additiveACBCPassage 5The engine' s supporting element consists of a bedplate and frame. The bedplate can be of welded or cast design. The frame is made of cast iron. The turbocharger mounting, the housing for the air cooler and the charging air receiver are cast as an integral part of the frame. The underslung crankshaft' s main bearings are mounted in bores in the frame and secured with main bearing caps of steel. The caps are guided sideways and are secured by means of threaded studs and nuts that are tightened hydraulically.The caps are also secured with horizontal bracing screws in the frame.The bearing shells are produced with a tolerance that makes it possible to change them a set at a time without any scraping-in.The top flanges of the cylinder liners are forced against the top face of the frame by the cylindercovers , whereas at the bottom they are guided by a bottom flange through which they are free to expand under the effects of heat. Tightness between the water chamber and the crankcase is achieved with two rubber rings inserted in slots in the guide surface of the cylinder liner.The camshaft is driven from the crankshaft through a gearing, which is mounted on the engine's flywheel end and covered by a 2-part shield. The camshaft runs in steel bushes lined with white metal.In each side of the frame, large openings are provided for inspection of roller guides, cams and the main and crank bearings. The openings have covers, some of which are provided with crankcase explosion relief valves that equalize the pressure if the oil vapors in the crankcase are ignited, for example as a result of hot running.The bedplate can be used as a lubricating oil reservoir and is therefore provided with a dipstick. The oil can, however, be drained off to a special bottom tank, so that the engine runs with a dry sump.A fuel oil pump of the gear type is driven from the camshaft through a clutch. A lubricating oil pump, which is of the same type, is driven by a clutch mounted on the end of the crankshaft or, for propulsion plant, through a flexible gear wheel drive.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. the construction of an engineB. how the engine worksC. the lube and cooling system of an engineD. when the crankcase explosion occurs2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an integral part of the frame?A. Turbocharger mountingB. Bearing capsC. Air cooler housingD. Scavenging air reservoir3. The camshaft ________.A. is supported by bearingsB. may not drive the fuel oil pump in some casesC. will not drive a lube oil pumpD. All of the above are true.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The frame is made of cast iron.B. There are underslung bearings in this engine.C. Four rubber rings ensure the tightness between the crankcase and the water chamber.D. Relief valves are provided on the frame.ABDCPassage 6The cylinder cover is made of cast iron and is provided with two inlet valves, two exhaust valves, a central mounted fuel injection valve and an indicator valve. The inlet valves are mounted with separate seating rings made of special heat-resistant cast iron.These rings are pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions. The exhaust valve seatings are special, water-cooled seating rings. These rings are also pressed into the cylinder cover in cooled conditions.Each cylinder cover is provided with cooling water from a screwed-on tubular cooling water jacket through radial bores in the thick bottom of the cover. Each of the radial bores is connected to two side bores. The cover has further separate bores that lead to the cooling water jacket and the bores in the cylinder cover to a common outlet chamber. The cylinder cover and cylinder liner are assembled by means of four threaded studs screwed into the frame. Tightening is effected by means of hydraulic tools, and sealing by means of a thin ring mounted between the cylinder cover and the cylinder liner. A starting valve ismounted on the side of the cylinder cover.The engine has oil-cooled pistons of cast iron. The pistons are provided with three compression rings and a spring-loaded scraper ring. A space for cooling oil is provided at the top of the piston. The scraper ring prevents lubricating oil from being drawn up into the combustion chamber.Oil for cooling the piston crown is led from a bore in the crankshaft through a channel in the connecting rod and the connecting rod journal, to die bushing for the gudgeon pin. This bushing is provided with an annular groove from which part of the oil is led for lubricating the gudgeon pin. Tile remaining oil continues through bores in the gudgeon pin and the piston to piston cooling chamber.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. cylinders and cylinder coversB. cylinders and pistonsC. cylinder covers and pistonsD. cylinders and oil2. Which of the following may be provided on top of the cylinder cover';'A. Two exhaust valvesB. A starting valveC. An indicatorD. All of the above3. Which of the following is true?A. The inlet valve seating rings are of heat-resistant cast steel.B. There are six studs by which the cylinder cover and lin er are tightened.C. The exhaust valve seatings are cooled by water.D. A copper ring is mounted between the cylinder cover and the liner.4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. The pistons are cooled by oil.B. Four piston rings are fitted to each piston.C. The scraper ring scrapes the oil downwards.D. The piston cooling is of splash type -CACDPassage 7Each of the engine cylinders is provided with a Bosch, type PF, fuel pump. The fuel pump is a single-acting plunger pump with non-adjustable stroke. The plunger is so accurately ground and lapped that its clearance inside the barrel is only 0.002 ~ 0.003 nun. This provides sufficient tightness between plunger and barrel, even at pressures as high as 200 - 400 bar, without the need for sealing materials. Neither the plunger nor the barrel can therefore be renewed individually. The plunger pressure stroke is produced by a cam on the engine camshaft, whereas the return stroke, the suction stroke is effected by means of a strong coil spring. The top of the pump barrel is closed by a spring-loaded pressure valve, to which the fuel oil pipe for the respective fuel valve on the relevant engine cylinder is connected.Regulation of the amount of fuel delivered by the fuel pump is achieved by turning the pump plunger, the cylindrical surface of which has a milled recess. The bottom of this recess ends with an edge, which is at right angles to the cylinder generating lines, whereas the top of the recess is limited by a helix. This produces an inclined control edge on the plunger, which also has a narrow longitudinal groove. In the pump barrel are drilled two diametrical holes through which the fuel oil can flow into the fuel pump barrel. The pump barrel is surrounded by a regulating sleeve, the upper end of which is shaped as a toothed rim. The lower end has two lengthwise slots in which projecting lugs on the lower end of the plunger can slide up and down. The end of the regulating rod from the engine governor is designed as a toothed rack thatengages with the toothed rim on the end of the regulating sleeve. This makes it possible to turn the pump plunger during engine operation.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. The fuel pump ________.A. is of PF typeB. is of reciprocating typeC. has an inlet valve and an outlet valveD. A and B are true.2. The plunger ________.A. is accurately ground and lapped outside the barrelB. has a tiny clearance inside the barrelC. can be renewed individually when worn outD. All of the above are true3. Which of the following is true?A. The stroke of the plunger can be adjustedB. The outlet valve is spring loadedC. The plunger down stroke is accomplished by the springD. B and C are true.4. It can be inferred that when moving the rack ________.A. the sleeve moves up and downB. the plunger moves up and downC. the effective stroke of the pump will be changedD. All of the above are true.DBDCPassage 8Governing prime movers, particularly diesel engines, require careful consideration. The cyclic variations of a diesel cycle can be passed into the governor drive if it is too "stiff". That is, the cyclic vibrations will be imposed on the internal gearing etc. inside the governor housing. To prevent this, some form of damper should be used on the drive into the governor. The mounting point for the governor should be rigid; a vibration mounting would soon downgrade even the best of governors. Chain or belt drives should be avoided as far as possible, as slapping of the belt or chain produces speed variations causing malfunction of the governor. Similarly the drive from the end of the camshaft is subject to torsional vibrations, and governors should not be located at that point. They should be located as close as practicable to the fuel pumps, thereby limiting the mass/inertia of operating linkage. In all cases, the governor should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time etc. On large engines there is an inertial resistance to acceleration within the masses of reciprocating and rotating elements of the engine, so that during acceleration fuel could be released to the cylinders at a faster rate than efficient combustion can burn it. In an attempt to compensate for this, and to maintain acceptable combustion during acceleration, a tapping from the scavenge space may be taken and the pressure used to regulate the rate of fuel released to the engine. This process is incorporated into the governor operating system so that the governor releases a quantity of fuel commensurate with the increase in air pressure in the scavenge space. ( during deceleration the problem is not so great, as excess air can be tolerated far more easily than can the incomplete combustion associated with insufficient air.)(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. mounting the governorsB. the scavenge pressure limit to the governorC. A and BD. how the governor regulates the fuel index2. The drive to the governor ________.A. should be rigidB. should use damperC. should use chains or beltsD. should be from the end of the cam shaft3. The governor should be mounted close to the fuel pumps ________.A. for limiting the inertia effectB. for limiting the loadC. to ensure speed droopD. to cut down the cost4. It can be inferred that with scavenge pressure limit ________.A. the engine can be accelerated rapidlyB. the engine can be decelerated rapidlyC. the governor will supply fuel oil efficientlyD. the combustion will be more complete CBADPassage 9After the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver has been opened, the air flows at full pressure through the filter to the main start valve "A" (with complicated construction), thereby applying pressure to pipe between the main start valve "A" and the starting air control valve. Providing that maneuvering hand wheel is in the "Stop" position, all other pipes are without pressure.If the wheel is turned towards the "Start" position, a pawl above the starting air control valve is actuated and the valve is opened, allowing air to flow to the main start valve "A" . It opens to allow a direct through-flow of air. All cylinder starting valves are thus exposed to air pressure and, furthermore, air flows to the starting air distributor, which is controlled by the camshaft. The distributor has a series of slide valves arranged radially around the camshaft-one slide valve for each cylinder. These supply pilot air to the cylinder starting valves with pistons in the "Start" position. The rotation of the engine crankshaft commences, after which the cylinder starting valves are opened in the correct sequence - The crankshaft is thus brought to speed of rotation necessary for compression and ignition.When the maneuvering hand wheel is turned, the governor is actuated through a flexible cable setting the fuel pumps. However, a fuel index limiting arrangement is inserted, which keeps the regulating shaft and thus the fuel pumps at zero index during the starting process, ensuring that fuel is not injected into a cylinder during the supply of starting air.When the engine crankshaft has reached the necessary speed, the hand wheel is turned further past the "Start" position with the result that the arm above the starting air control valve is released and the valve is closed and vented. At the same time, the control piston in the main start valve "A" is also vented , thus blocking the supply of air to the cylinder starting vales, the starting air distributor and the fuel index limiter. Gradually, as the handle is turned further towards the maximum position. The governor increases the fuel pump index and the crankshaft rotates more quickly. The governor ensures that the maximum permissible speed is not exceeded.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is about ________.A. starting air system and speed regulating systemB. start of the engineC. governorD. crankshaft2. If the shut-off valve of the starting air receiver is opened ________.A. the cylinder starting valves are subject to pressureB. the air flows to the starting air distributorC. the starting air control valve is actuatedD. None of the above is true.3. tf the hand wheel is positioned "start"________.A. the starting air control valve will be openedB. individual starting valve on each cylinder will be exposed to pressureC. there will be cylinder starting valve or valves openedD. All of the above are true.4. During the supply of starting air to the cylinder ________.A. air is consumedB. fuel oil may be supplied to the cylinder or cylinderd for reliable startingC. the control piston in the main start valve "A" is ventedD. All of the above are true.BDDAPassage 10The governor drive is placed on the stem end of the engine and consists of a cylindrical gear wheel which is driven by the gear wheel on the camshaft, plus a set of conical gears. The function of the governor is to control the effective stroke of the fuel pumps, so that the rev/min of the crankshaft is maintained constant within certain limits, independent of the load.The action of the governor is transferred through arms and draw rods to a longitudinal regulating shaft on which a 2-part arm is provided for each fuel pump. The 2-part arm comprises an aim holder and a spring lever which are connected by a spring, thereby enabling the governor to control the pumps even if one of the pump pistons seizes. The movement is transferred from the spring lever to the toothed rack of the pump through a linkage.The regulating shaft is also provided with a stop arm which can be moved by the piston rod in a stop cylinder that is activated when the engine' s overspeed trip comes into operation. The piston rod in the stop cylinder influences the stop arm, whereby the regulating shaft is turned and the fuel pumps are set in the "Stop" position, thus stopping the engine. The Woodward governor tries to maintain the regulating shaft in the "Running" position, but between the governor and the regulating shaft there is a flexible draw rod that can be compressed and thus allows the regulating shaft to be moved into the " Stop" position.If a cylinder is to be set out of action, e.g. when measuring the compression pressure, the spring lever and thereby the toothed rack of the relevant fuel pump is moved to the zero position.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. This passage is mainly about ________.A. working of the governorB. the camshaftC. fuel index regulating of the engineD. the fuel pump2. The governor ________.A. is driven directly by the crankshaftB. is driven with chains by the camshaftC. is in the middle partD. None of the above is true.3. If a fuel pump piston seizes ________A. the stop cylinder will be activatedB. the governor will be damagedC. the relevant spring will be compressedD. the flexible joint will be compressed4. When measuring die compression pressure in the cylinder ________.A. the engine should be stoppedB. the fuel pump should be stoppedC. the toothed rack of the relevant fael pump should be moved to zero positionD. None of the above is true.CDCCPassage 11Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas . Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, "servo governors" have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines in to the desired position. This "powered" operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.(The following questions are based on the passage above)1. Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too smallD. All of the above are true.2. If the spring fractured ________.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off3. From the first paragraph we know that the fuel index ________.A. will exceed the predetermined upper limit on on accountB. will exceed the predetermined limit if the load is too highC. will invariably stuck。

轮机英语口语测试模拟卷参考答案(三管轮A)

轮机英语口语测试模拟卷参考答案（三管轮A）Section A 朗读Watchkeeping is the fundamental responsibility of seafarers. It can be grouped into navigational watchkeeping and watchkeeping in port.The members of the engine department except the chief engineer are divided into three shifts during the voyage. Each shift will keep watch for four hours. One is during the daytime and the other is at night, that is 8 hours altogether in a 24-hourday. Every shift has an engineer in charge. The others who are not on duty will study, take part in repair and maintenance of the machinery, or have a rest.The duty engineer should be responsible for what happens during the watch. If there is anything beyond his command, the duty engineer must report it to the chief engineer and fill in various records in time. When he hands over the watch, he must tell the details about everything that happened during his watch and sign the record.When the ship stays in the port, only some crew take part in the watchkeeping. The main task is to manage generators to ensure electrical supply and supply of oils, water, steam and gases for daily use.Section B 口述Briefly State the Type of Marine Pumps and Their Uses(参考答案)The are mainly three types of pumps on board, the displacement pump, the centrifugal pump, and the ejector pump. The displacement pump has the reciprocating pump and the rotary pump, the former being the general feed pump, the fire pump, the bilge pump, the sanitary pump, the ballast pump and so on, the latter being the gear pump, the vane pump and screw pump which are used for delivering the liquid with small capacity and high pressure. The centrifugal pump has volute pump and diffuser pump, which are use to deliver the liquid except very small capacity or very low speed. The ejector pump is simple in construction, and its efficiency is comparatively low, and also used widely on board.Section C 回答问题7.What are the three departments on an ocean going vessel?8.How many people are three in your family and what are they?9.When do you keep watch in the engine room when the ship is at sea?10.What well-known ports in the world have you been to?11.What could you say when you ask for help?12.Where did you graduate?1。

轮机英语三管轮英语试题制冷

Lesson 13 制冷1288. The inner part of the condenser should be cleaned with_____.A. gas oilB. diesel oilC. chemical compoundD. Freon-12 1289. The evaporating pressure in R22 vapor compression refrigeration plant should be _____atmospheric.A. belowB. aboveC. equal toD. much larger than1290. Hot gas defrosting uses the hot gas from _____ to defrost the evaporator.A. starting air bottlesB. diesel enginesC. boilersD. refrigeration compressors1291. In a refrigeration plant the _____ need defrosting.A. fanB. compressorC. condenserD. evaporator1292. What is the substance called which can readily be converted from a liquid into a vapor, and also from a vapor into liquid with a reasonably narrow range of pressure?A. RefrigeratorB. RefrigerantC. Cooling mediumD. Brine 1293. A fluid coil will _____ large quantifies of heat when it changes state from a liquid to a vapor.A. releaseB. absorbC. developD. regenerate1294. A fluid coil will _____ large quantifies of heat when it changes state from a vapor to a liquid.A. releaseB. absorbC. developD. regenerate1295. The latent heat of evaporation is dissipated in the _____ in a compression refrigeration system.A. evaporatorB. condenserC. expansion valveD. compressor 1296. A refrigerant boils and vaporizes in the _____ in a compression refrigeration system.A. liquid receiverB. compressorC. condenserD. cooling coil 1297. A refrigerant gives up heat when it goes through _____.A. condenserB. regurgitateC. evaporatorD. boil coil1298. It should be ensured that only _____ vapor is handled by the refrigeration compressor.A. humidityB. dryC. steamD. oill299. In the refrigeration compressor the temperature of the vapor is _____ by compression.A. raisedB. risenC. reducedD. maintained constant1300. If the capacity of the refrigeration compressor is too small, the excess vapor will accumulate in the evaporator, causing the pressure to _____.A.riseB. fallC. be maintained constantD. None of the above is true.1301. If the capacity of the refrigeration compressor is too large, the saturation temperature will_____.A. riseB. fallC. be maintained constantD. None of the above. 1302. In the process of_____, liquid changes into gas.A. evaporationB. frostingC. condensingD. compressing1303. Since heat will not flow freely from a body at a_____ temperature to another at a_____ temperature, it is necessary to expend mechanical work, heat, or electrical energy from an external source to achieve refrigeration.A. lower/higherB. shallower/deeperC. larger/smallerD. higher/lower1304. In a compression refrigeration plant the refrigerant flows from the expansion valve and through the_____ where it absorbs heat from the space being cooled and becomes a gas or vapor.A. compressorB. condenserC. throttle valveD. evaporator1305. The_____ compressor and its electrical motor are entirely housed in a gas-tight casing.A. open-typeB. hermeticC. A and BD. None of the above. 1306. Both the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant are increased in the _____.A. compressorB. condenserC. evaporatorD. expansion valve 1307. The compressor suction line conveys the refrigerant vapor from_____to_____.A. condenser/evaporatorB. evaporator/compressorC. compressor/condenserD. None of the above.1308. The thermal expansion valve controls the amount of refrigerant that is allowed to flow to the_____.A. compressorB. cooling coilsC. condenserD. receiver1309. When the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out from the condenser is below the condensing temperature, it is said to be_____.A. dryB. wetC. super-cooledD. superheated1340. During working, thermostatic expansion valve should be_____.A. either all the way open or all the way closedB. normally fully openC. throttled depending on loadD. controlled by liquefied pressure1341. The expansion valve on a Freon system controls the_____.A. superheat of the gas leaving the compressorB. back pressure in the evaporatorC. temperature of the iceboxD. superheat of the gas leaving the evaporator1342. A feeler or thermal bulb is used for the expansion valve to_____.A. detect the temperatureB. detect the pressureC. heat the refrigerantD. accelerate the refrigerant1343. In a compression refrigeration plant the refrigerant is under low pressure in the_____ and under high pressure in the_____.A. compressor/condenserB. condenser/evaporatorC. throttle valve/evaporatorD. evaporator/condenser1344. The boiling and condensation points of refrigerant mainly depend onthe_____ exerted upon it.A. temperatureB. densityC. volumeD. pressure1345. The function of_____ in a refrigeration plant using Freon is to move moisture from all refrigeration system.A. filterB. filter drierC. heat exchangerD. air cooler1346. The saturation temperature of the refrigerant must be_____ that required in the evaporator refrigerated space.A. aboveB. belowC. equal toD. None of the above. 1347. After passing through the expansion valve the refrigerant should be in the state of_____.A. vaporB. liquidC. solidD. None of the above is tree.1348. The refrigerant flows through the evaporator, where it_____ heat from the refrigerated space.A. extractsB. releasesC. gives noD. absorbs no1349. In practice, the refrigerant flow after the evaporator is designed to ensure that the vapor leaving the evaporator is slightly_____.A. saturatedB. super-cooledC. wetD. superheated1350. Which of the following will be desirable properties of refrigerant?(1)non-explosive; (2)non-corrosive; (3)that it doesn't react with lubricantsA. (1), (2) and (3)B. (1) and (2)C. (1) and (3)D. (2) and (3) 1351. In the _____ refrigeration compressor one end of the crank shaft extends through the crankcase house for connection, via a coupling or pulley, to an external drive motor.A. open-typeB. hermeticC. semi-hermeticD. all the above 1352. In a compression refrigeration plant the hot, high pressure refrigerant gas is cooled by the sea water and becomes liquid in the_____.A. compressorB. condenserC. throttle valveD. evaporator1353. What is the function of thermostatic expansion valve in a compression Refrigeration system?A. nonexistentB. for controlling pressureC. for controlling superheatD. for controlling the solenoid valve1354. In a vapor compression refrigeration the evaporating pressure is maintained constant by the action of the_____, which removes vapor from the evaporator at the same rate at which it is formed.A. evaporatorB. compressorC. condenserD. none of the above 1355. The device used for low-pressure control and high-pressure cutout on a compressor is called_____.A. cutoutB. controller switchC. pressure controllerD. cutout switch1356. Which of the following may cause that the compressor cuts off on high Pressure cutout in a refrigeration plant? (1) faulty condensing; (2) too few refrigerant; (3) high discharge pressure;A. any of (1) and (3)B. any of (1) and (2)C. any of (2) and (3)D. any of (1), (2) and (3)1357. Which of the following may cause that excessively warm water leaves the condenser in a refrigeration plant? (1) too little cooling water; (2) too much cooling water; (3) too warm cooler water.A. (1) onlyB. any of (1), (2) and (3)C. any of (1) and (3)D. any of (1) and (2)1358. The presence of air in the condenser of a refrigeration system will_____ the condensing pressure.A. increaseB. reduceC. maintain constantD. None of the above is true.1359. Which of the following best describes "overcharge of refrigerant"?A. Too much refrigerant.B. Too little refrigerant.C. Refrigerant is ran out.D. Running is over.1360. What separate the high pressure side from the low pressure side in a refrigeration system?A. Condenser and thermal expansion valve.B. King and solenoid valves.C. Compressor and thermal expansion valve.D. Condenser and solenoid valve.1361. Moisture should be kept out of an R-12 system because it tends to cause_____.A. icing of the automatic controlsB. embitterment of some parts of the automatic controlsC. sludge in the lubricating oilD. all of the above1362. Air that may enter a refrigeration plant tends to collect in the_____.A. upper part of the receiverB. upper part of the condenserC. down stream end of the cooling coilD. outlet end of the condenser 1363. Insufficient refrigerant in a refrigeration plant may result in_____.A. high discharge pressureB. frosting of the crankcaseC. high temperature of the overboard waterD. low suction pressure of compressor1364. Which will cause the high pressure cutout to stop the compressor in aR-22 system?A. Condenser leakageB. A shortage of liquid refrigerantC. Excessive frost on the evaporatorD. Not enough condenser cooling water1365. A ruptured diaphragm in a thermostatic expansion valve will cause the valve to_____.A. openB. closeC. remain in its positionD. flood the evaporator with refrigerant1366. If liquid refrigerant accidentally comes in contact with the eyes, _____ immediately.A. rub the eyesB. irritate the eyesC. wash the eyes with a heavy boric acid solutionD. obtain medical help 1367. Should a person be overcome due to lack of oxygen and high concentration of refrigerant, treat with_____.A. fresh waterB. fresh airC. salt waterD. artificial respiration 1368. Excessively warm water leaving condenser may be caused byA. fouled tubes in shell and tube condenserB. too little or too warm condenser waterC. air or non-condensable gas in systemD. overcharge of refrigerant1369. The inner part of the condenser should be cleaned with_____.A. gas oilB. diesel oilC. chemical compoundD. Freon-12 1370. Freon 12 which is used to produce intense cold is normally a______ when at atmospheric pressure and temperature.A. liquidB. gasC. solidD. water only1371. As the refrigerant passes through the valve orifice, its pressure is reduced and part of the refrigerant turns into_____.A. liquidB. oily mixtureC. emulsionD. vapor1372. Because the expansion valve is just______ way open, the refrigerant is under low pressure in the evaporator.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few1373. The refrigerating agent can_____ at low temperature in the evaporator. A. expand B. evaporate C. condense D. distil1374. Faulty operation of any system is indicated by very definite_____.A. symptomsB. samplesC. tracesD. tracks1375. The boiling and condensation points of a refrigerant depend on the_____ exerted upon it.A. temperatureB. pressureC. velocityD. heat1376. In the condenser, the hot, high pressure refrigerant gas is cooled by the sea water and becomes_____.A. fresh waterB. vaporC. mixtureD. liquid1377. Thermostatic expansion valve are_____.A. either all the way open or all the way closedB. normally openC. throttled depending on loadD. controlled by suction pressure1378. Which of the following may cause that excessively warm water leaves the condenser in a refrigeration plant? (1) too little cooling water; (2) too much cooling water; (3) too warm cooling water.A. (1) onlyB. any of (1), (2) and (3)C. either (1) or (3)D. either (1) or (2)1379. If a refrigeration compressor is running continuously without lowering temperature as normal in the refrigerator, the trouble may be_____.A. excessive condenser cooling waterB. warm food in the refrigeratorC. a shortage of refrigerantD. s shortage of compressor oil 1380. The color of the flame on a halide torch without any refrigerant presentis_____.A. blueB. greenC. orangeD. purple1381. A thermostatic expansion valve is properly controlling evaporator superheat. Adjusting this valve to lower the superheat will result in a/an_____.A. evaporator pressure decreaseB. evaporator coil over-feedC. evaporator capacity increaseD. expansion valve diaphragm rupture1382. When you adjust a thermostatic expansion valve, _____.A. refrigerant must be bled off the sensing line before adjustments are madeB. all refrigerant must be pumped into the receiver before adjustments are madeC. time must be allowed for conditions to stabilize in the evaporator before further adjustments are madeD. all refrigerant must be routed through the dehydrator while changing the superheat setting1383. The refrigeration system low pressure cutout switch is actuated by_____.A. an electric system managerB. a sensing bulb at the tail coil of the evaporatorC. pressure changes in the suction lineD. failure of the king solenoid valve1384. The sensing line for the low pressure cutout switch to a refrigeration system is located_____.A. in the chill boxB. before the receiverC. on the suction side of the compressorD. on the discharge side of the compressor1385. The purpose of the low pressure cut-out switch is to_____.A. maintain liquid refrigerant at the suction of the compressorB. maintain a preset suction pressure to the compressorC. start and stop the compressor at preset operating pressuresD. operate at minimum efficiency1386. Short cycling of a refrigeration compressor refers to_____.A. frequently grounding outB. frequently starting and stoppingC. running too fastD. running too slow1387. On all vessels equipped with refrigeration units of over 20 cubic foot capacity, _____.A. a gas mask suitable for protection against each refrigerant used, or a self contained breathing apparatus must be providedB. it is the sole responsibility of the chief engineer to ascertain that all members of the engineering department are familiar with the use of gas masks or breathing apparatusC. spare charges shall be carried for at least 50% of each size and variety of gas masks and/or self contained breathing apparatusD. all of the above 1388. The heat gained per pound of refrigerant in the evaporator is known as the_____.A. latent heat of vaporizationB. sensible heatC. refrigerating effectD. specific heat of vaporization1389. When liquid reaches the compressor of a refrigeration system through the suction line, the condition is called_____.A. flooding backB. superheatingC. overflowingD. recycling 1390. Which of the following terms represents the form of heat removed from the refrigerant in the condenser of a refrigeration system?A. Latent heat of vaporization.B. Heat of compression.C. Superheat.D. All of the above.1391. The FIRST thing to do to ensure that a refrigeration unit will not start while undergoing repairs, is to_____.A. secure and tag the electrical circuitB. place a crow bar in the flywheel of the unitC. inform all persons in the area not to start the unitD. make a log book entry1392. In a refrigeration system, the refrigerant absorbs the latent heat of vaporization in the____.A. compressorB. condenserC. receiverD. evaporator1393. The only means of removing the latent heat of condensation from a refrigerant in the normal refrigeration cycle is by_____.A. passing it through the expansion valveB. condensing refrigerant in the system condenserC. passing the gaseous refrigerant through the heat interchanger on the suction side of the compressorD. maintaining a high pressure on the system's receiver1394. Personnel working with refrigeration systems, and subject to the exposure Of refrigerants should wear_____.A. face shieldB. a respiratorC. rubber glovesD. an all purpose gas mask1395. For safe storage, the maximum allowable temperature to which refrigerant bottles should be exposed is_____.A. 100o CB. 125o CC. 150o CD. 175o CC. Discharge headD. Total head1396. When subjected to high heat from a open flame, or an electric heating element, which of the listed refrigerants will break down and produce phosgene gas?A. CO2B. Methyl chlorideC. R-22D. Sulphur dioxide1397. When the relief valve opens it discharges high pressure refrigerant vaporto the_____.A. liquid strainerB. refrigerant inlet of the condenserC. inlet side of the evaporatorD. suction side of the compressor1398. A refrigeration system contaminated with moisture can be affectedby_____.A. acid formationB. sludge formationC. ice in the expansion valveD. All of the above1399. Some chloronated flourocarbon refrigerants may decompose into a toxic irritating gas if it is _____.A. stored at temperatures below 60 degrees FahrenheitB. charged into a system having copper fittingsC. allowed to mix with compressor oilD. exposed to an open flame or hot surface1400. Which of the listed operations will cause an automatically controlled refrigeration compressor to restart?A. Closing of the solenoid valveB. Closing of the expansion valveC. An increase in the suction pressureD. Decreasing the suction pressure 1401. Saltwater is typically provided to a refrigeration system to_____.A. cool the expansion valveB. prevent refrigerant superheatingC. condense the refrigerant gasD. prevent motor overheating1402. Moisture is removed from a refrigeration system by_____.A. bleeding refrigerant from the condenserB. opening a drain petcock on the oil separatorC. condensing the water in the heat exchangerD. using a dehydrator cartridge1403. Moisture in the refrigerant may_____.A. freeze on the expansion valve seat and reduce the flow of liquid refrigerantB. emulsify the oil in the condenserC. freeze in the king valveD. clog the oil trap1404. Moisture in a refrigeration system can cause_____.A. freezing the expansion valve closedB. corrosion of system pipingC. improper temperature regulationD. all of the above1405. Which of the problems listed could be indicated if a sight glass in the refrigerant liquid line is full of bubbles?A. Proper refrigerant charge.B. Faulty expansion valve.C. Insufficient refrigerant.D. Solenoid valve stuck open.1406. A liquid indicator sight glass is useful in determining whether or not a Refrigeration system is sufficiently charged. It is generally located in the_____.A. high pressure liquid lineB. low pressure liquid lineC. high pressure vapor lineD. low pressure vapor line1407. If a liquid sight flow indicator in a refrigeration system shows gas bubbles in motion passing inside of the glass, there is_____.A. too much refrigerant in the systemB. oil entrained in the refrigerantC. less than a full charge of refrigerant in the systemD. ice crystals forming in the refrigerant1408. A sight glass is installed in the liquid line to indicate the condition of the refrigerant charge and may also indicate the_____.A. condition of the expansion valveB. moisture in the systemC. condition of the compressor suction valvesD. condenser temperature 1409. A liquid sight flow indicator in a refrigeration system is examined and gas Bubbles are noted in motion with the fluid flow. This means_____.A. the system is fully chargedB. there is air leaking in from the condenserC. ice crystals are forming in the refrigerantD. the system contains less than a full charge of refrigerant1410. If the refrigeration compressor crankcase is sweating, the cause may be due to_____.A. a shortage of refrigerantB. the compressor running continuouslyC. liquid refrigerant returning to the compressorD. the compressor short cycling on the high pressure cutout1411. A refrigeration system compressor crankcase is sweating or unusually cold. This is an indication of_____.A. a shortage of refrigerant in the systemB. air in the systemC. an accumulation of liquid refrigerant in the crankcase.D. a shortage of oil in the crankcase1412. Refrigeration system compressor crankcase sweating is an indicationof_____.A. insufficient lube oil circulating through the systemB. excessive circulation of lube oil through the systemC. insufficient refrigerant in the systemD. an overworked compressor 1413. Sweating of the refrigeration system compressor crankcase is causedby_____.A. too much superheatB. insufficient superheatC. suction pressure too lowD. excessive refrigerant returning to the compressor1414. Crankcase sweating in a refrigeration system is caused by_____.A. a stuck solenoid valveB. a shortage of refrigerantC. too much oil in circulationD. too much superheat1415. If a refrigeration system compressor crankcase is sweating, youshould_____.A. add refrigerant to the systemB. adjust the thermal expansion valve to the proper settingC. adjust the float valve to the proper holding pressureD. open the hand expansion valve1416. When it is necessary to open a refrigeration system for repairs and the system will be open for more than a few minutes, the open ends of the system should be_____.A. dehydratedB. purgedC. pluggedD. evacuated1417. A cracked diaphragm in a thermostatic expansion valve will cause the valve to_____.A. return to a neutral positionB. flood the evaporatorC. openD. close1418. Which of the problems listed represents the major difficulty encountered with thermal expansion valve operation?A. Lube oil passing through the system.B. Moisture or foreign matter collecting at the valve seat and orifice.C. Variable spring tension caused by the changing temperature.D. Frost on the liquid line.1419 If a refrigeration compressor were short cycling on the low pressure cutout switch, the probable cause for this might be the______.A. system was overcharged with refrigerantB. high pressure switch was improperly adjustedC. expansion valve strainers were fouledD. suction valves were leaking slightly1420. If a refrigeration crankcase compressor were short cycling on the low pressure cutout switch, the cause might be that the_____.A. system was overcharged with refrigerantB. system was low on refrigerantC. suction valves were leaking slightlyD. relief valve was leaking slightly1421. A refrigeration unit will tend to short cycle when operating _____.A under heavy loadsB during hot gas defrostC under light loadsD during starting conditions1422. If a refrigeration compressor is short cycling on high head pressure, you should_____.A. purge the condenser if the waterside is dirtyB. check for proper water flow through the condenserC. increase the high pressure cutout settingD. reduce the cooling water flow1423. The refrigeration compressor in a water cooled refrigeration system is short cycling on the high pressure cutout switch. One reason for this could be the_____.A. system is low on refrigerantB. high pressure cutout switch is improperly adjustedC. discharge valves are leaking slightlyD. discharge valves are leaking excessively1424. If a refrigeration compressor will not start, the reason may be_____.A. the pressure regulating valve is not closingB. an excessive lack of refrigerant in the systemC. badly leaking discharge valvesD. worn piston rings1425. When a refrigeration compressor motor fails to start, the FIRST thing that should be checked for is a_____.A. loose expansion valve control bulbB. low differential setting on the H.P. cutoutC. blown fuse in the motor circuitD. faulty suction pressure regulator1426. If a large difference exists between the compressor discharge pressure and The pressure corresponding to the existing condensing temperature in a refrigeration system, you should _____.A. increase the flow of the cooling water through the condenserB. adjust the high pressure cutout to maintain the desired pressureC. open the hot gas bypass temporarily to reduce capacityD. purge non-condensable gases to reduce the excess pressure1427. The accumulation of air and other non-condensable gases in a refrigeration system will _____.A. cause a loss of the liquid sealB. create a vapor lock in the liquid receiverC. collect in the condenserD. cause foaming of the oil in the crankcase1428. Air entering an air-cooled refrigeration system is indicated by_____.A. frosting of the liquid lineB. higher than normal head pressureC. a clear sight glassD. abnormally cold reefer boxes1429. The presence of bubbles in a refrigeration system liquid line may_____.A. promote refrigerant dehydrationB. be absorbed in the receiverC. cause low condensing pressureD. carry moisture and lead to corrosion1430 Which of the listed statements is a characteristic of the liquid charged power element used with thermostatic expansion valves?A. At the designed operating temperature, the liquid refrigerant charge has changed to a vapor.B. The liquid refrigerant tends to collect at the bellows or diaphragm and reduces the valve sensitivity.C. The sensing bulb is empty of liquid refrigerant charge at the designed operating temperature.D. The sensing bulb is never emptied of liquid refrigerant under normal operating conditions.1431. Excessive circulation of the lubricating oil with the refrigerant in a refrigeration system will cause_____.A. carbon deposits on the compressor suction valvesB. the evaporator temperature to increaseC. rapid corrosion of the thermal expansion valveD. no operating problems 1432. Which of the listed characteristics can be applied to R- 12 vapor?A. It is corrosive.B. It is odorless.C. It is visible as h blue fog.D. It has a distinctive taste.1433. Foaming of the oil in a refrigeration compressor crankcase is causedby_____.A. refrigerant boiling out of solution from the lube oilB. liquid refrigerant flooding the compressor and systemC. lube oil viscosity being reduced by refrigerant dilutionD. compressor suction pressure suddenly increasing1434. In a refrigeration system, foaming of the crankcase oil may causethe_____.A. expansion valve to overfeedB. compressor to knockC. water regulating valve to failD. crankcase drains to plug1435. Excessive oil foaming in the crankcase of a refrigeration compressor canresult in _____.A. overheated compressor bearingsB. excess lube oil viscosityC. carbon deposits on the compressor piston ringsD. wax crystals forming in the lubricant1436. Which of the following statements is correct concerning a typical shipboard multi-coil refrigeration system?A. The liquid receiver functions to collect and remove non-condensable gases.B. A thermostatic expansion valve is used to control refrigerated space temperature.C. Refrigerant temperature in an evaporator is directly related to refrigerant pressure.D. Dehydrators must be used continuously in a refrigeration system.1437. The sudden reduction of pressure occurring within the crankcase of a refrigeration compressor during starting causes the_____.A. sudden evaporation of wax crystals in the lubricantB. sudden evaporation of entrapped air in the lubricantC. release of refrigerant from the oil/refrigerant mixtureD. release of dissolved lubricant from the refrigerant1438. Refrigerant is normally sub-cooled in a refrigeration or air conditioning system condenser to_____.A. maintain adequate coil back pressureB. prohibit flashing in the liquid lineC. reduce refrigerant volume in the systemD. reduce compressor discharge line loading1439. The principal purpose of sub-cooling liquid refrigerant prior to its entering the expansion valve is to_____.A. increase the refrigerating effect, by decreasing the amount of flash gasB. allow the refrigerant to enter the throttling device in a saturated conditionC. increase the refrigerating effect by increasing the amount of flash gasD. minimize the temperature drop of the liquid as it passes through the solenoid valve to the outlet side1440. Sub-cooling is a method of reducing the temperature of the liquid refrigerant below its _____.A. freezing pointB. floc pointC. condensing temperatureD. compression temperature1441. Under normal conditions, the refrigerant enters the compressor in an Operating refrigeration system as a_____.。

2024三管轮理论英语考试真题

2024三管轮理论英语考试真题一、词汇题根据句意，选择正确的单词填空：The _______ (journey/trip) to the Great Wall was exciting and memorable.从下列选项中选出与“depressed”意思相近的词：A. happyB. sadC. angryD. excited二、语法题下列句子中有语法错误的一项是：A. I have been studying English for three years.B. She is come from a small town.C. We are planning to go hiking this weekend.D. He has already finished his homework.将下列句子改写为被动语态：They built a new school in our town last year.→ A new school _______ _______ in our town last year.三、阅读理解题Read the following text and answer the questions.“The Internet has revolutionized the way we live and work. It has made information more accessible and communication faster. However, with its benefits, the Internet also brings challenges, such as cyberbullying and on line privacy issues.”What has the Internet revolutionized?List two challenges brought by the Internet according to the text.四、写作题Write an essay about the impact of technology on our daily lives. Include examples of how technology has made our lives easier and any potential drawbacks of this. (Minimum 100 words)。

轮机英语关联题

Passage 14Purification第一题Heavy fuel (residuals and mixtures of residuals and distillate) must be purified in an efficient working centrifuge before entering the day tank. The fuel should be heated before centrifuging.Recommended temperatures depending on the fuel viscosity.Be sure that the correct gravity disc is used. Never exceed the flow rates recommended for the centrifuge for the grade of fuel in use. The lower the flow rate the better the purification efficiency.Recommended centrifuge flow rateViscosity at 100oC mm2/s - 10 15 25 35 45 55Viscosity at 50oC mm2/s 12 50 90 205 360 530 730 Centrifuge flow % of rated capacity 100 60 40 30 25 20 15 Sufficient separating capacity is required. 第四题C The best and most disturbance-free results are obtained with purifier and clarifier in series.第二题Alternatively the main and stand-by separators may run in parallel, but this makes heavier demands on correct gravity disc choice and constant flow and temperature control to achieve optimum results. 第四题A;D Flow rate through the centrifuges should not exceed the maximum fuel consumption by more than 10 %.In case pure distillate fuel is used, centrifuging is still recommended as fuel may be contaminated in storage tanks. 第四题B；第五题The full rated capacity of the centrifuge may be used provided the fuel viscosity is less than 12 mm2/ s at centrifuging temperature. Marine Gas Oil viscosity is less than 12mm2/s at 50o C.1. The first step of treatment of heavy fuel is_____.A. purifying with an efficient centrifugeB. entering the service tankC. heating the fuel oilD. mixing the residuals and distillate oil注：重油处理的第一步是加热滑油。

轮机英语关联题_大管轮_new

关联题（136题）Passage 1Valve drive mechanismThe valve drive mechanism commands the inlet and exhaust valves at the required timing.The valve drive mechanism consists of an inlet and exhaust cam follower (8) each suspended in a plunger of the tappet assembly (7), two tubular push rods (4) with ball joints, two nodular cast iron rocker arms (2) suspended in a rocker arm bearing bracket, two yokes (5) and a yoke guide pins. See Fig. 4-1.The tappet rollers follow the cam profiles and transfer the movements through push rods to the rocker arms. The rocker arms operate the inlet and exhaust valves through yokes (5).Lubrication for the rocker arms comes from the engine’s secondary oil supply manifold through drillings in the cylinder head and rocker arm bracket.The tappet assembly receives lubricating oil via channels in the engine block from the main supply manifold. For the roller and shaft, the oil is supplied through the guiding plunger.To compensate for heat expansion a clearance must exist between the rocker arm and yoke. Alladjustments have to be done on a cold engine only.Fig-4-1 Valve drive mechanism1. According to the passage, the best time to adjust the valve clearance is _____.A. before the engine is startedB. when the engine is runningC. after the engine has just been stoppedD. when something has gone wrong with the engine2. The roller and the tappet assembly are lubricated by means of ________.A. the main lube systemB. the secondary oil systemC. the special pumping systemD. the turbine oil system3. According to the passage, the valve drive mechanism does not include ______.A. tappet rollersB. push rodsC. nodular cast ironD. yokes and guide pins4. To close valves tightly, which clearance should be inspected according to the maintenance schedule?A. The one between the cam and the tappet roller.B. The one between the push rods and the ball joints.C. The one between the rocker aims and the yokeD. The one between two tubular push rods.AACCPassage 2Compressor cleaning during engine operationThe compressor may be cleaned by water injection during the engine operation. The cleaning process will have good results as long as the deposit formation has not gone too far. In ease a very thick hardened crest of dirt the compressor has to be dismantled for cleaning.In this method of cleaning the water is not acting as a solvent but instead removes the deposits mechanically by the impact of the water droplets. It is therefore recommended to use clean water without additives. The water should not contain any additives which might remain on the compressor blades.Periodically cleaning of the compressor (Fig. 4-2) prevents or delays excessive build-up of dirt but in no way replaces the usual overhauls where the turbocharger is completely dismantled.The turbocharger is provided with a water container (1). During the cleaning procedure the container is pressurized with the charge air (2) and from where the water is forced to the compressor inlet (3).1. Which of the following statements can be used to clean the compressor with the engine running?A. Water droplets Water with additives C. Charge air D. Hard crust2. What principal is used in this method of cleaning?A. The cleanser solves the deposits.B. The cleanser melts the deposits.C. The cleanser beats the deposits mechanically.D. The high pressure of the cleanser removes the deposits.3. Which of the following statements is not correct?A. The compressor needs regular cleaning.B. Periodical cleaning of the compressor contributes to reducing build-up of dirt.C. It’s not necessary to dismantle the turbocharger if periodical cleaning of the compressor is performed.D. Additives should better be avoided during the cleaning process.4. The cleaning water should not contain any additives, because_____.A. they may delay build-up of dirtB. they might remain on the blades of the compressorC. they may be forced to the compressor inletD. they are not good solventsACCBPassage 3Charge air coolerThe engine is equipped with a charge air cooler. The insert type charge air cooler is mounted in a welded casing (air trunk) . The trunk is bolted to the engine block.Standard is a two-stage cooler mounted. The first stage, through which the charge air flows, is cooled with water from the HT cooling system and cools the charge air till approx. 90 -100℃. The second stage is supplied with water coming from the LT water system and cools the charge air further till the required temperature of approx. 50℃. By controlling the water flow through the LT cooler the charge air temperature can be kept constant at the required temperature.The circulating coolant water should always be under positive pressure and should be as clean as possible. The operating air temperature should be maintained by controlling the coolant inlet temperature.Whilst the engine is running the air and coolant temperatures and pressures at inlet and outlet should be checked and logged periodically. Variations from normal indicate faults developing such as fouling of the film plates or obstruction of the water tubes.Check daily, during operation of the engine, the working of the telltale hole at the free end of the charge air receiver. The function of this hole is to inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiver. Under normal condition only compressed air should escape from this hole.1. According to the passage, the expression “HT”probably means ______.A. HIGH TANKB. HIGH TEMPERATUREC. HEAT TRANSMISSIOND. HEAT TRANSFER2. In order to maintain the charge air temperature we should control ______.A. the coolant inlet temperature coming from the first stage coolerB. the coolant flow coming from the second stage coolerC. the coolant outlet temperature coming from the second stage coolerD. the coolant flow coming from the first stage cooler3. The charge air temperature departing from normal may indicate that _____.A. condensate can be formedB. only compressed air should escape from the telltaleC. the film plates are becoming dirty or the water tubes are blocked by scaleD. cooling water may have been carried into the cylinders4. The function of the telltale hole is to ______.A. detect whether compressed air has escaped from the holeB. control the coolant inlet temperatureC. determine whether the coolant water is under positive pressureD. inform the operator the presence of water in the charge air receiverBBCDPassage 4The vibration damper serves to reduce the torsional vibration generated by the crankshaft. The damper consists of a housing and a free rotating inertia ring supported by an axial bearing. It forms a totally enclosed unit. The free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a high viscous fluid. When the crankshaft rotates at constant speed, the inertia ring will follow this movement. The combustion pressure exerted on each piston generates vibration in the crankshaft, and each variation generated by such a vibration will affect the movement of the inertia ring. The resulting shift of the ring to the damper housing is opposed by the viscous fluid and the vibration will be reduced.The energy, absorbed during the process, is converted into heat and then radiated to the surrounding air. Hence, proper ventilation of the damper is essential.The viscous damper fluid is during engine operation subjected to ageing and the fluid becomes more viscous. In sending fluid samples on a regular base to the damper manufacturer the rate in reduction of the viscosity can be determined. As sampling interval time is 6000 hours advised. Dampers with a too high fluid viscosity may cause crankshaft breakdown.The damper cover has two filling holes located 180o opposite each other and closed by screw-in filler plugs. If one of these plugs is accessible, a fluid sample container can be screwed in and a sample taken with the damper in place. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in the vertical position.For liquid sampling, a special kit can be ordered from Stork-Wartsila Diesel.1. The general description of the vibration damper tells us that_____.A. the free space between inertia ring and damper housing is filled with a low viscous fluidB. when the inertia ring moves at constant speed , the crankshaft follows this movementC. the damper is made up of a housing and a free rotating inertia ringD. no ventilation of the damper is necessary as the vibration reduction process absorbs little energy2. Which of the following statements is not true about maintenance of the viscous damper?A. Sampling interval time for determining the quality of the fluid is 6000 hours.B. For liquid sampling, a special kit can be used.C. On a spare damper, sampling must be effected with the damper in place.D. The viscous fluid in a damper becomes more viscous as time goes by.3. During the engine operation, the vibration damper can_____.A. transfer the energy of the engineB. absorb the combustion heatC. oppose the crankshaft rotatingD. reduce the vibration of the crankshaft4. According to the passage, we learn that two filling holes in the damper cover are used _____.A. to recharge the fluidB. to ventilate the damperC. to fit the containerD. to take the sampleCCDDPassage 5The vibration damper employs a high viscous fluid to oppose the shift of the inertia ring to the damper housing. It is necessary to get samples to determine the rate in reduction of the viscosity. The steps to draw off the sample are as follows(Refer to the Fig. 4-3):1. Turn the engine until the drain plugs are easy accessible. Do not unscrew the drain plug until the dampero C ).plug. Do not yet remove the plug!3. Unscrew one cap nut from the (plastic) liquid container.4. Remove the drain plug and screw the liquid container instead.5. Remove the outer cap nut from the liquid container. Make sure that no machine oil or dirt can enter the liquid container!6. Screw the outer cap nut again, once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container. The filling-up period of the liquid container may take from a few seconds up to more than an hour, depending on the liquid condition.7. Unscrew the liquid container from the damper and fit the drain plug using a new joint ring (supplied with the mounting kit).8. Fit the second cap on the liquid container.If no sample can be taken in this way, you can proceed as follows:- If still no liquid appears after a while, remove the second drain plug, too.- Supply nitrogen of 3.5 bar maximum pressure through the open filling hole.If no nitrogen is available, air may be used, provided this air is properly filtered and dry.- Once the liquid has reached the open end of the liquid container, cut off the supply of nitrogen and screw the cap on the liquid container.- After the nitrogen supply has cut off, unscrew the liquid container, screw the second cap and fit both drain plugs.If a liquid sample cannot be obtained this way either, it can be assumed that the damper liquid has thickened to an inadmissible value, necessitating the replacement of the damper.1. According to the passage, we can learn that_____.A. before using the container to draw off the sample, both ends of it are closedB. the liquid container must be washed with machine oil before samplingC. liquid sampling must take more than one hourD. two liquid samples should be taken every time2. If the liquid sample cannot be taken any way, it means_____.A. nitrogen pressure is too lowB. the quantity of the damper fluid is insufficientC. the viscous fluid in damper becomes too thickD. the method of liquid sampling is incorrect3. Which statement is tree about the sampling process?A. The drain plug can be unscrewed regardless of the damper temperature.B. The drain plug should not be removed until one cap nut from the liquid container is unscrewed.C. The outer cap nut must be screwed before the liquid reaches the open end of the liquid container.D. The drain plug can be fit by using the old joint ring.4. If no sample can be taken by removing the first drain plug, then which of the following is done?A. The second drain plug should be removed too.B. A pressure of 5.3 bar should be applied.C. Clean and damp air is used instead of nitrogen if the latter is not available.D. The nitrogen supply continues when the liquid has reached the outer end of the liquid container. ACBAPassage 6At the first start, listen carefully for possible jarring sounds. If anything is suspected, stop the engine immediately, otherwise stop the engine after 5 minutes’ idling. Check at least the temperatures of the main and big end bearings and of all other bearings which have been opened. Make visual inspection from below to the cylinder liners and piston skirts which have been opened. If everything is in order, restart.Check that there is no leakage of gas, water, fuel or lubricating oil. Especially observe the fuel lines, HP fuel pumps and injectors. Watch the quantities emerging from the leak oil pipes!Check that the starting air manifold is not hot at any cylinder (leaky starting valve may cause explosion!After overhaul, the following instructions are important:- check pressure and temperature gauges.- check the automatic alarm and stop devices.- check the pressure drop over the fuel filter and lubricating oil filter.- check the oil level in the oil sump/oil tank. Estimate the condition of the oil.- check the de-aerating of the engine circulating water system.- check the quantity of fuel leak.- check the telltale holes for leaks.- check the circulating water quality- check the cylinder pressures.- listen for jarring sounds.- check the crankcase pressure.- check the starting air manifold.Running-in is mainly intended to let piston tings "wear" to fit properly in the cylinder liner.Do not continuously run at constant load during the running -in process ( Fig. 4-4).It is important to vary the load several times. The ring grooves in the piston will have a different tilting angle at each load and consequently the piston ring has a different contact line to the cylinder liner wall.1. Paragraph 1 tells us that_____.A. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, or allow it to operate at low speed for5 minutes, then stop it and check everythingB. if we hear vibration sounds, we should stop the engine quickly, otherwise the engine will be stopped automatically after 5 minutesC. if we hear explosion sounds we should stop the engine then check everythingD. if we hear surging sounds, we should stop the engine immediately otherwise after 5 minutes the engine will be destroyed2. After overhaul, following instructions are important except_____.A. release air from the engine circulating water systemB. treat the circulating water if necessaryC. make sure the pressure drop is enough besides the fuel filterD. make sure the quantity of lube oil meets the requirement3. After piston overhaul, the running-in process should be carried out_____.A. periodically at steady loadB. occasionally at various loadC. continually at constant loadD. continually at various load4. When dealing with engine troubles, _____.A. no leakage of lubricating oil should be checked_____.B. quantities of oil emerging from the leak oil pipes must be watchedC. quality of the leak oil must be watchedD. the number of the leaking fuel lines should be checkedACDBPassage 7the inlet and exhaust valves. There are two groups of these ports, one for exhaust and the other for scavenging air, usually on the opposite sides of the cylinder, but in some designs both groups are arranged on the same side. The exhaust ports connect with the exhaust manifold, while the scavenging ports communicate with the scavenging air receiver in which low-pressure air is stored. The exhaust ports are slightly higher than the scavenging ports, so that they are uncovered by the piston while the scavenging ports are still closed.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )1. From the paragraph above, we know that_____.A. In general, both exhaust ports and scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides of the cylinderB. The exhaust ports are on the opposite sides, but the scavenging air ports are on the same sidesC. The scavenging air ports are on the opposite sides, but the exhaust ports are on the same sidesD. Two groups of parts are never arranged on the same sides2. According to the above paragraph the exhaust ports link with_____.A. the exhaust valvesB. the scavenging air receiversC. the exhaust manifoldD. the scavenging portsThe engine is also provided with a governor which is designed to regulate the engine' s speed by adjusting the quantity of oil injected. When the engine runs at a speed higher or lower than that is set, the governor will act automatically reduce or increase the fuel oil supply so that the engine can be adjusted.( The following 2 questions are based on the passage above. )3. From this paragraph we can understand that_____.A. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will increase the fuel oil supplyB. if the engine runs at a speed higher than that is set, the governor will decrease the fuel oil supplyC. the governor will not act until the engine runs at speed lower than that is setD. the governor regulates the engine's speed by adjusting the fuel oil injection4. The engine governor is used for_____.A. adjusting the fuel oil injection qualityB. adjusting the engine speedC. keeping the engine at higher speedD. keeping the engine at lower speedACBBPassage 8The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving parts in an engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some engines as a coolant. The usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system, which supplies oil to all bearings, so that a film of oil is maintained on the journal and bearing surfaces.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. The forced feed system is put into use in order to _____.A. supply oil to all parts of the engineB. lubricate the bearing and the pistonC. maintain a film of oil on the journal and bearing surfacesD. maintain a film of oil on the piston surfaces only2. What is the function of lubricating oil?A. Formation of a film of oil between the moving parts, which reduces friction and wear.B. Used as a cleaner.C. As a coolant in engines.D. All of the above.Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind-flanges.(The following questions are based on the passage above. )3. In which situation we should use sea water system instead of fresh water system?A. When sea water pumps are damaged.B. When sea water cooler is damaged.C. When fresh water pumps are damaged.D. The blind-flanges are broken.4. The word “merely” in this paragraph could best be replaced by_____.A. onlyB. necessaryC. butD. ifCDCAPassage 9Because the exhaust gas driven turbo-blower cannot provide enough air at low engine speeds, the pressurized air should be cooled to increase the charge air density. As the air passes through the charge air cooler, its temperature may be reduced and moisture condensed, with the condensate in danger of being carried into the engine. So a water separator should be mounted beneath the bottom part of the engine inlet manifold.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. A water separator is used in order to _____.A. keep the air from being carded into the engineB. keep the moisture from being condensedC. keep the danger from being carded into the engineD. take away the condensate from the air2. Why should we use a charge air cooler?A. In order to increase the charge air temperature.B. In order to increase the charge air pressure.C. In order to reduce moisture condensed.D. In order to increase the charge air density.Lubricating oil from the compressor will pass along the air lines and deposit on them, in the event of a cylinder air starting valve leaking, hot gases would pass into the air pipes and ignite the lubricating oil. If starting air were supplied to the engine, this would further feed the fire and could lead to an explosion inthe pipelines. In order to prevent such an occurrence, cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintained and the pipelines regularly drained. Also oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimum, by careful maintenance.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. Which of the following may cause an explosion according to the passage?A. Starting air cannot be supplied into the engine.B. Air starting valve leaks and starting air is supplied into the engine.C. Cylinder-starting valves are properly maintained.D. Oil discharged from compressors is kept to a minimum.4. In order to avoid igniting the lubricating oil and leading to an explosion in the pipelines, _____.A. pipelines should be regularly drainedB. cylinder-starting valves should be properly maintainedC. oil discharged from compressors should be kept to a minimumD. A+B+CDDBDPassage 10Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors, having much to do with the operation and maintenance of an engine. The fuel oil system for a diesel engine can be considered in two parts: the fuel supply and the fuel injection system. When the atomized fuel is injected into the combustion space, ignition is not altogether instantaneous, a definite time lag being measurable between the time of injection and ignition. The period of ignition lag depends, among other factors, on the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. This paragraph tells us that_____.A. ignition takes place before the injection of the atomized fuelB. ignition takes place simultaneously with the injection of the atomized fuelC. the period of ignition lag depends only on the quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed airD. the ignition quality of the fuel and the temperature of the compressed air are the two main factors determining the period of ignition lag2. “instantaneous” in the passage probably means_____.A. simultaneousB. afterC. beforeD. whenThe crankshaft is built up, the forged main bearing journals being shrunk into cast steel crank throws. The crank throws are displaced from each other to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throws. The alignment of the crankshaft in the bedplate should be checked at intervals to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stresses, which, under extreme conditions, may cause crankshaft failure.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. What does the word “alignment” mean in this passage?A. the bedplate is checked at intervalsB. to ensure that the shaft is not subjected to additional bending stressesC. to obtain the same number of degrees between the different crank throwsD. arrangement in a straight line4. The number of degrees between the different crank throws should beA. all the sameB. a little bit differentC. smallerD. largerDADAPassage 11During overhaul the safety roles have to be observed as required in order to prevent the danger of accidents. Special precaution is necessary when the engine is running with lagging removed. During overhauls, with the engine shut down, safety measures should be taken to avoid undesirable turning of the crankshaft. All pipes should be pressure-relieved before the repair work is started. Read the pressure gauges and/or check the pipes by carefully loosening the screw plugs or connections.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)1. During overhaul, we have to observe the safety rules, in order to _____.A. avoid desirable turning of the crankshaftB. make all pipes pressure-relievedC. avoid the danger of accidentsD. let the crankshaft turn undesirably2. Before the repair work is started, _____.A. engine should be pressure-chargedB. the pressure in all pipes should be increasedC. all pipes should be pressure-relievedD. the air in some pipes should be relievedFresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engine, whereas the various cooling liquids which circulate the engine are themselves cooled by sea water, such as, sea water is used for the cooling of the oil in the lubricating oil cooler as well as the fresh water. In an emergency situation, for example in the event of damage to a fresh water cooler or generator, the sea water pumps can be used to supply sea water to the fresh water cooling system, merely by removing the blind flanges.(The following 2 questions are based on the passage above.)3. From this paragraph, we can see that_____.A. the cylinder jackets and covers are cooled by fresh water and then by sea waterB. fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and covers of the main engineC. fresh water is used for the cooling of the main engineD. sea water is used for the cooling of both the fresh water and the main engine4. According to the paragraph, the term “various cooling liquids” refers to_____.A. fresh water and sea waterB. air and fresh waterC. fresh water and cooling oilD. sea water and airCCBCPassage 12The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation. There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections andmechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions.Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block. The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence “The circulating fresh water should be treated ...” (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be _____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary2. Which of the following statements is true?A. The cooling water system does not need maintenance if it works normally.B. The circulating fresh water does not need special treatment when in normal operation.C. In completely closed cooling water system scale will not be formed.D. Deposits in the cooling water system may not be formed over the length of time.3. Which of the following statements about the first sentence in paragraph 1 is true?A. The engine is installed by the manufacturer free of charge.B. The engine should be warmed in advance before installing.C. The installation must be conducted according to the instructions.D. The installation may be carried out freely.4. We can _____ to find out about the scale in the cooling water space of the cylinder cover.A. overhaul the cylinder linersB. remove the plugs in the sides of the headsC. open the inspection coversD. withdraw the pistonsDACBPassage 13Mechanical cleaningA great deal of the deposits consists of loose sludge and solid particles which can be brushed and rinsed off with water. On places where the accessibility is good, e.g. cylinder liners, mechanical cleaning of considerably harder deposits is efficient. In some cases it is advisable to combine chemical cleaning with a。

《轮机英语》试题（二三管轮）含答案

《轮机英语》试题（二三管轮）含答案《轮机英语》考试复习题(二、三管轮)第一章船舶动力装置1.“Before disconnecting the oil pipe, would you flush the oil retained in the pipe?”asked the oil barge owner.A． by using of fresh waterB．with compressed air √C． by using of sea waterD． with chemical compound2.“Stand by an engine” means _____.A．“prepare to stop the engine”B．“assemble an engine on its bedplate”C．“make an engine ready for starting”√D．“dismantle an engine”3. A _____ is the foundation of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignmentin particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A． FrameB．Bedplate √C． CylinderD． Liner4._____ are commonly used in mechanical-hydraulic governor to sense engine speeds.A． BulbsB． BulksC．Flyweights √D． Flywheels5._____ are generally formed in the frame of the both in-line and Vee engines to givemaintenance access to the crankshaft main and connecting rod large end bearing.A．Doors √B． Aspirate gauzerC． CouplingD． Blind6._____ device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to the cylinderbefore the reversing is completed.A．An automatic √B． A transmissionC． A self-regulatingD． An interlocking7._____ fuel oils _____ lubricating oils require treatment before passing to the engine.A．Both/and √B． Neither/norD． Both/or8._____ is sometimes used for piston cooling since leaks into the crankcase would not causeproblems.A． Diesel oilB． Hydraulic oilC．Lube oil √D． Mineral oil9._____ is the removal of exhaust gases by blowing in fresh air.A． Gas exchangeB． ChargingC．Scavenging √D． Supercharging10._____ is used for cylinder and cylinder head, the salt water is used for cooling thelubricating oil, the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air cooler.A． The fuel oilB． The lube oilC． The sea waterD．The fresh water √11._____ may be the first possible cause which makes the engine to lose power or slow downwhen it is running.A．Hot bearing √B． Starting valvesC． Unequal distribution of loadD． Excessive crankshaft clearance12._____ of an engine crankshaft can be detected by measuring deflections of crank websfor each unit of the engine.A．Misalignment √B． LengthC． StrengthD． Stresses13._____ of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called the scavenging air box.A．At the top √B． At the bottomC． In the topD． In the bottom14._____ pistons have low inertia and high coefficient of thermal expansion.A． Cast ironB． Cast steelD．Aluminum √15._____ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervision dutiesrelating to the main machinery and associated equipment.A．The watch keeping personnel √B． The chief engineerC． The person on a bunker bargeD． Any of the above16._____ the cylinder will contain a great weight of air and will be capable of burninga great quantity of fuel.A．At the beginning of the compression stroke √B． At the beginning of the suction strokeC． At the end of the working strokeD． At the end of the exhaust stroke17._____ the supercharge pressure is, _____ power an engine develops.A．The higher/the more √B． Higher/moreC． Higher/littleD． The higher/the less18._____ is not properly set thus causing either advanced or retarded firing.A． A pistonB．A fuel injection pump √C． A feed water pumpD． A lube oil pump19._____ rods are not in proper condition so that too much fuel is supplied to thecorresponding cylinder.A． PistonB． SoundingC．Regulating √D． Connecting20._____ shows 1.2 meter and the specific gravity of the oil is 0.96According to the measuringscale, that makes 150 tons.A． The piston rodB． The push rodC．The sounding rod √D． The connecting rod21._____ allows for expansion and water make up in the water cooling system.A． A top tankB．A head tank √D． A drain tank22._____ at the end of the distribution pipe ensures that adequate pressure is maintainedby the pump.A． A relief valveB．An alarm √C． A pressure gaugeD． A non-maim valve23._____ is used for washing and drinking.A． The ballast systemB． The salt water systemC． The bilge systemD．The domestic system √24._____ provide the water to the pistons.A． Pneumatic pipesB． Hydraulic pipesC．Telescopic pipes √D． Operating gas pipes25._____ are fitted in the exhaust system and facilitate charge removal and scavenging ineach cylinder.A．Diffusers √B． CompressorsC． Steam boilersD． Soot blowers26._____ are formed by abrasive particles entering the bearing and scoring the shaft.A．Grooves √B． RecessesC． RidgesD． Nips27._____ are mounted on and bolted to the bed-plate cross girders.A． The crankshaftB． The crankcaseC． The guide-waysD．The frames √28._____ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operatingconditions.A．Constant inspection √B． Keeping constant loadC． Remaining constant temperatureD． varying speed29._____ is a source of power by which the diesel engine may operate.A． Water energyB． Electrical energyC． Chemical energyD．Heat energy √30._____ is arranged for cleaning the lubricating oil in the system and clean oil can beprovided from a storage tank.A． A filterB．A centrifuge √C． A distillerD． A generator31._____ is fully floating in both connecting rod small end and the piston skirt.A． The piston rodB． The cross head pinC．The gudgeon pin √D． The crank-pin32._____ is made of a boss with separated blades mounted into it.A．A variable pitch propeller √B． A variable pitch nutC． A fixed pitch parallelD． A fixed pitch screw33._____ is usually driven by the engine camshaft andsupplies pilot air to the cylinderair start valve.A． An air receiverB． An operating valveC． An automatic valveD．An air distributor √34._____ neutralizes the acid conditions and_____ cleanses the rings and grooves.A． The detergency/the alkalinityB．The alkalinity/the detergency √C． The inhabitant/the waterD． The additives/the distilled water35._____ or air venting arrangement is fitted to the fuel supply passage.A． An air pumpB． A compressorC． A fuel pumpD．A priming √36._____ providing lubricating films, oil used in marine diesel engines have to remove heatfrom oil cooled piston.A． Except forB． BesideC． ExceptD． In additi on to √37._____ the engines, the diesel engine is_____ used engine on board.A． Between/more commonlyB．Among/the most commonly √C． Between/not more commonlyD． Among/not the most commonly38._____ water is more expensive than fresh waterIt has high specific heat and low viscosity.A．Distilled √B． DistillingC． BoilingD． Boiled39._____ for the camshaft gear train is taken from a spur gear which for a six cylinderengine is at the coupling end.A． The driven gearB．The drive √C． The greaseD． The lubricating oil40._____ in what position the engine stops there will always be at least one of the cylinderswith its starting air valve open to admit compressed air to start the engine.A． BecauseB． Owing toC． ForD．No matter √41._____ is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock bolts.A．The bedplate √B． The columnC． The main bearingD． The double bottom42._____ usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion.A． Cylinder coverB． Main bearingC． The exhaust valveD． The p iston movement √43._____ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergency switchboards.A．Large passenger vessels √B． General cargo shipsC． Container shipsD． Oil tankers44._____ supplies pilot air to control the cylinder air start valves.A． An air compressorB． An indicator cockC．An air distributor √D． A safety valve45._____ clearances in the main or crank pin bearings will sometimes be indicated by lossof pressure in the lubricating system before any bearing knock is heard.A． T oo largerB． Too smallerC． ExcessD．Excessive √46.A cast steel strong back is fitted in way of the combustion space to help absorb _____.A． flame temperatureB． fuel oilC． air movementD．gas forces √47.A charge of fresh air is drawn into the engine cylinder and then _____ by the movingpiston_____ very high pressure.A． pressed/toB． pressurized/withC． pushed/inD．compressed/to √48.A common trouble with the fuel pump plunger or fuel valve spindle is _____.A． water leakageB． steam leakageC．oil leakage √D． air leakage49.A common trouble with the fuel pump plungers or fuel valve spindle is _____.A． broken downB． stuckC．oil leakage √D． carbonized50.A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no _____.A． cross-headB． cylinderC． connecting rodD．spark plug √51.A diesel engines crankcase oil level is found to be too highYou should suspect that _____.A． the engine was over filledB． there might be a fuel leakC． there might be a water leakD． all of the above √52.A distance piece, known as a _____ may be interposed between the rod and the bearinghousing.A． bearing shellB． bearing linerC．compression plate √D． lead wire53.A distance piece, with ground faces, known as a compression plate, may be interposedbetween the rod and the beating housing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _____.A． compression pressureB． compression testC．compression ratio √D． compression clearance54.A distance piece, with ground faces, may be interposed between the rod and the bearinghousing, its thickness being chosen to ensure the correct _____.A． expansion ratioB． pressure ratioC．compression ratio √D． clearance ratio55.A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating _____.A． fuel s upply √B． firing orderC． engine loadD． oil level56.A gudgeon pin in a trunk piston may be free to float and rotate, with _____ to limitaxial movement.A． split pinsB． crankpinsC． dipsticksD．circlips √57.A heater in the circuit facilitates warning of the engine prior to ____ by circulatinghot water.A．starting √B． stoppingC． to startD． to stop58.A high temperature alarm or _____ which will melt is used to guard against the explosionof compressor air pipelines.A． a flame trapB． a relief valveC．a fusible plug √D． a bursting cap59.A hot air start pipe indicates that there is _____.A． inefficient coolingB．a leaking air start valve √C． a clogged drain valveD． a leaking air bottle60.A level gauge for a tank is to _____.A． give the pressureB．give the contents √C． give the shape of the tankD． give the accuracy level61.A lubricant often has to perform many duties in any situation, in addition to itsfundamental job of_____.A． resisting oxidizationB．reducing friction √C． promoting moving speedD． developing inertia62.A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and _____.A． tie rodsB． through boltsC． lead wiresD．bearing caps √63.A number of cylinder liners are enclosed in one cast iron casing to form a _____.A． cylinder coverB．cylinder block √C． cylinder frameD． bed-plate64.A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft.A． a reductionB．an increase √C． an outingD． a downwards65.A separate piston cooling system is used _____ any contamination from piston coolingglands to the piston cooling system only.A． to helpB．to limit √C． to protectD． to remove66.A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination _____ piston coolingglands_____ the piston cooling system only.A． between, toB． either, orC．from, to √D． neither, nor67.A single piece_____ fitted with bronze rings guides the piston in the cylinder liner.A．piston skirt √B． piston crownC． guide wayD． cross-head68.A variable pitch propeller is made _____ a boss with separate blades mounted into it.A． ofB．up of √C． fromD． out69.A: Please tell me the specifications and quantityB: _____.A． Pump diesel oil firstB．300 tons of 180 cst fuel oil √C． The figure is all rightD．OK, I’ll sign it70.About half an hour before the engine is required, cooling water at _____ must be circulated.A． more than the working temperatureB． less than the working temperatureC．the working temperature √D． the same as the surrounding temperature71.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging canbe divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and _____.A． the pulse-phase systemB． the pulse Doppler systemC．the pulse system √D． the pulse interval72.Acid solution in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a pieceof lime.A．strength √B． denseC． percentageD． velocity73.Additives _____ protective layers on metal surfaces guarding them against corrosion.A． damageB．form √C． dissolveD． contaminate74.Adjust _____ by means of lead wire.A．the clearance of the main bearing √B． the diameter of main bearingC． the gap of main beatingD． the tolerance of main bearing75.Administrations should bear in mind the significance of_____ in maintaining safety oflife and property at sea and in preventing marine pollution.A． advanced nautical equipmentB． advanced performance main enginesC． emergency equipmentD． communicati on and language skills √76.A-frames and cylinder block is held together by _____ to form a rigid structure.A． connecting rodsB． piston rodsC．tie rods √D． jack-bolts77.A-frames are mounted on the bed plate and support _____ and cylinder block.A． the main bearingB． the cylinder coverC．the entablature √D． the sump78.After "F.W.E." is given, the air system is shut down, the _____ gear put in, all drainsand indicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A． steeringB． timingC．turning √D． running79.After ensuring that the _____ is correct the bearing clearance should be checked.A． napB． gapC．nip √D． deflection80.After fitting back in place the gear wheels, dont forget _____ them.A．to grease √B． greasingC． oilingD． lubricating81.After passing through the turbine the exhaust gas is conducted out into the _____.A． intercoolerB． compressorC． cylinderD．open air √82.After the engine is warned, we should_____ the turning gear before starting up the engine.A． take inB． put inC．take out √D． put up83.After the order “_____” is given, the air system is shut down, the turning gear putin.A．Finished with Engine √B． Stop the EngineC． Stand-by EngineD． Slow-down Engine84.Air cocks, usually positioned at the _____ in a circulating system, is used to get ridof the air in the system.A． bending jointB． expansion tankC． weldD．the highest point √85.All the rings are slightly rounded on their external top and bottom edges to keep theoil film on the cylinder liner during _____ for new piston rings.A． the running-in period √B． the running processC． gas exchange processD． the boiler firing86.All three systems have the ports _____ to swirl the incoming air and direct it in theappropriate path.A． angledB． roundedC． being angledD．being rounded √87.Although the crankshafts of medium diesel engines appear to be robust, they rely on thesupport of _____ to develop their full strength.A． the piston rodsB． the crank throwsC． the thrust bearingsD． the main bear ings √88.Aluminum pistons have _____ coefficient of thermal expansion compared with those of castiron.A．higher √B． lowerC． the sameD． none of the above89.Among the rings of a piston the _____ one is subjected to the greatest load and temperature.A． bottomB． middleC．top √D． none of the above90.An aluminum piston has lower inertia and higher coefficient of _____ compared to thatof cast iron.A． viscosityB． twisting momentsC． inertiaD．thermal expansion √91.An electrically driven automatically operating auxiliary blower is provided for slowspeed and _____ of a low speed diesel engine.A．manoeuvring operations √B． bad combustionC． coolingD． mooring trial92.An increase in load on a diesel engine results in _____ of speed of the crankshaft.A．a reduction √B． an increaseC． an outingD． a downwards93.An interlock in the remote operating valve line stops the valve _____ when the engineturning gear is engaged.A． to openB．opening √C． openD． opened94.An overspeed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for _____ in the eventof overspeed.A．cutting power off the engine √B． increasing the fuel pump settingC． braking the crankshaftD． stabilizing the ship speed95.As a heat engine, _____ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine canbe operated.A． electricB．heat √C． mechanicalD． exhaust96.As for a diesel engine, lack of combustion air may be due to _____.A．fouling turbine √B． fuel pump faultsC． lubrication failureD． excessive cooling97.As the plunger moves up, the ports are closed and the fuel _____ and delivered to theinjector nozzle at very high pressure.A． being compressedB． to be pumped upC．is pressurized √D． are built up98.At least _____ cylinders in four-stroke engine will be configured to ensure that theengine can be started with the crankshaft at whatever position.A．6 √B． 2C． 12D． 899.At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called _____.A． cylinder linerB． cylinder coverC． the gear boxD． the sc avenging box √100.Be sure to make the engine turn by _____ before starting and after stopping.A． steering gearB．turning gear √C． steering wheelD． turning cycle101.Bearing knocks are likely to occur from _____.A． less clearanceB． dirty lube oilC． overloadD．bearing wear √102.Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, _____ and cylinder block may be made in one piece.A．the column √B． the jacketC． cylinder coverD． cylinder liner103.Bedplates are the _____ of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A． hullB． projectionC． graphitizationD．foundation √104.Before "stand-by" is rung on the engine telegraph, it is usual to give the main engine _____ ahead and astern.A． a brief trial with turning gearB．a brief trial on power √C． a long trial by steering gearD． one minutes trial with windlass105.Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be _____.A． cooled to appropriate temperatureB．warmed up gradually to appropriate temperature √C． opened up and renewedD． ground and polished106.Before being used the fuel service tank should be drained of _____.A． soda solutionB． mechanical impuritiesC． ballastD．water and residuals √107.Before pumping up the crankcase oil, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize corrosive action on the liners.B． the starting valvesC．the cylinder lubricators √D． the turning gear108.Before replacing a piston you should check that all rings are _____.A．free √B． fastenedC． brokenD． stuck109.Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are _____ the permissible tolerances.A． aboveB． atC． overD．within √110.Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are within the permissible _____.A． deflectionB． discrepancyC． errorD．tolerance √111.Before starting the engine the air bottle should be _____.A．pumped up √B． loadedC． dischargedD． opened112.Before starting the turning gear, _____ should be worked by hand to minimize corrosive action on the liners.B． the starting valvesC．the cylinder lubricators √D． the turning gear113.Blow-off of the relief valves of the engines cylinders may be caused by _____.A． too low leadB． water in fuelC． too tight springD．leakage √114.Blow-off of the relief valves of the main cylinders during operation indicates _____.A． the cylinder cover is crackedB． the injector holes is cloggedC．the cams are not properly set √D． fuel pump is leaking115.Bridge gauge can be used to measure _____ of a diesel engine.A．diameters of journals √B． deflections of crankwebsC． diameters of crankpinsD． none of the above116.Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters _____.A． to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-houndB． to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particlesC． both of the abo ve √D．to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element117.Cast iron carrier rings, _____ machined grooves, are provided for all the pistons.A．caulked into √B． caulking intoC． pressed intoD． screwed into118.Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply of _____ for compression.A． waterB．fresh air √C． fuel oilD． gas119.Charging is the filling of the engine cylinder with a supply or charge of fresh air _____ compression.A． to needB．ready for √C． want toD． going to be120.Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the _____ of the diesel engine.A． machine efficiencyB． machinery efficiencyC．mechanical efficiency √D． mechanics efficiency/doc/5c7732040.html,pressed air is supplied by air compression to _____.A．the air receivers √B． the starting valvesC． the cylinder coversD． the distributors/doc/5c7732040.html,pressed air is used on board ship _____.A． for starting diesel enginesB． in pneumatic control systemC． in pneumatic toolsD．All the above are true √123.Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for _____.A． good lubricationB． low thermal stressC． good mechanical propertiesD．acid corrosion √124.Cooling enables the engine metals _____ their mechanical properties.A．to retain √B． to remainC． to maintenanceD． to have125.Cooling of engine is achieved by circulation a cooling liquid around internal passages within the _____.A． boilerB． heaterC．engine √D． cooler126.Cooling of engines is achieved by _____ a cooling liquid around internal passages within the engine.A． flowedB． flowingC． mixingD．circulating √127.Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal _____ within the engine.A． air。

轮机英语三管面试

《外派船员面试手册轮机分册》三管轮面试问题及参考答案1.can you tell me about your educational background and workingexperience?Well ,I have been working for several shipping and manning companies in china .but I think x company is my favorite . I was registered here two years ago and I have worked for this company for two times .i am very satisfied with this company .Or I have worked as a seaman for ten years .but I have worked hard on board about 6 years . for the four years I was not on board .i just had my vacation or received training and tests .2 . what are the main duties of the third engineer ?The third engineer is usually responsible for the following :1)watch keeping from 0800 to 1200 ,and from 2000 to 2400 every day .2)operation and maintenance of other auxiliary machinery except under thecharge of the second engineer .3)giving assistance to the first engineer in all technical matters .4)taking positive measures in the safe and efficient operation of allmachinery ,and guarding against fire and oil pollution .5)safety produres and maintenance of all safety equipment ,and enginecontrol system in a thoroughly efficient state .6)carrying out instructions relating to ballasting and deballasting andrecording the operation .7)testing the telegragh before depature and recording all engine movement inthe bell book for staying in the engine room when vessel is entering or leaving a port or when the engine is on standby or in maneuvering .8)emergency fire pump and lifeboat engine .3.what chemicals did you use to treat the boiler water ?when you testalkalinity and acidity of water in boiler by pH test paper ? the result shows the boiler water is in acidiity . please describe what the possible cause is .I have ever used the following brand chemicals :unitor , drew and so on .We should keep the boiler water*s ph scale between 10.5 and 11.5 .If the water become of acidity ( ph scale is below 10 ) ,it is may be caused by following reasons :The water has not been given enough blow down ,or has not been filled enough alkalinity chemicals ..4 .how do you maintain emergency battery ?I should check and fill in some distilled , or electrolyzed solution (电解液)if necessary ,erase the oxide and test the gravity of the specification periodically .the record shall be made after work is done .5.describe the procedure to start an emergency generator ?1) to check the lube oil level in the crankcance and fuel oil level in the tank .2) to see whether there is any leakage .3) to check the air pressure if the generator is air started model ; and to check the battery voltage to see whether it is normal if the generator is the battery started model4）also to make sure there are no obstacles around the machine .6 .which machineries and spare parts should the third engineer be incharge of ?On my last vessel ,I was in charge of the following machines and the spare parts thereof :boiler , emergency batteries ,fresh water generator ,air conditions ,.refrigeration units ,electric insulations ,main switch board ,electric parts of deck machineris (winch ,windlass ,hatch cover equipment ) and some other machines as designated by the chief engineer .7during bunkering in the last vessel ,what were you assigned to do ?or what was your position during bunkering on your last vessel ?Just to listen to the orders from the second engineer ,but usually ,I was assigned to sound the oil level .8.as the third engineer ,what precautions do you need take to preparefor PSC inspection ?The third engineer is responsible for the fire fighting equipment ,life saving applicances and oil pollution prevention equipment . in US , the PSC carry out strict check on this equipment .so in order to meet the inspection ,under the leadership of chief engineers and master ,I have to make a detailed checklist on these equipment to make sure that these equipment are in good order .7what do you know about “SOPEP”?what is VRP , and what is VCP ?for the first question ,please refer to the questions and reference answers for the first engineer .VRP is vessel Response plan ; and VCP is Non-tanker vessel contingency plan .VRP is required oil pollution emergency plan made according to the requirement of oil pollution act 1990 of US ,which is a law ruling the tanker vessels sailing in the waters under the management of the US .in compliance with the legislation of the california state of the US ,all the nontanker vessels should prepare vessel contingency plan .8what is IMO ?what is ISO 9000?what is ISM ?what is SMS system ?IMO is international maritime organization under the united nations .ISO9000 m\eans international standard organization ,an organization making the quality management standards and doing the quality audit service .ISM means international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention .this is compulsory rule made by the IMO .The ISM code includes 16 chapters falling falling into two parts :implementation for part one ,and verification and certification for part one .the 16 chapters are : general ,safety and environment protection policy ,company responsibilities and authority ,designated persons ,master responsibility and authority ,resources and personnel ,development of plans for shipboard operation ,emergency preparedness , reports and analysis of non conformity ,accidents and hazardous occurrences , maintainence of the ship and equipment ,documentation ,company verification ,review and evaluation ,certification and verifications and control ,certification and periodical verification ,verification ,interim certification ,and forms of certificates .the last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code .SMS means safety management system ,and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code ,which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74 .the shipowner or manager cannot get document of compliance (DOC) and SMC without audited safety management certificate (SMC) by class designated by the flag registry country adiministration .9.when the fuel is provided by the supplier ,what specifications of the oilcan you get from the supplier receipt ?The following information of the fuel shall be avalaible : density ,viscosity ,temperature as delivered ,water content ,sulfur content ,flash point and so on .10.what is the maximum blood alcohol concertration (BAC) rate on board ?According to the STCW 95 ,the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested ,but the EFR(Code of Federal Regulation )requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04% .watch-keepers ,are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours berfore their watch . 11tell us briefly about the working principles of the purifier ,the oil water seperator and air compressor .Purifier :the different gravity of two types of liquids: water and oil .the centrifugal force of the water move towards the outside of the disc while the oil ,which is smaller in gravity shall move toward the center of the disc .this makes the seperation of the two liquids .Oil water separator : (1) pump bilge water into first chamber :polymerization of the oil on the gathering plates ,(2) and then through a fine filter (15ppm) separation of water and oil ,(3)discharge of the water overboard via 15ppm monitor and the oil into oil sludge tank .Air compressor :take into the air from the outside atmosphere and compress it with the up going piston .then ,cool the compressed air .then compress the air once again until it reaches the stated pressure (depending on the air bottle allowed pressure )For the maintenance of the air compressor ,fistly ,must check to make sure that the suction valve and outlet valve to be sealed ;then make periodical lifting of the piston to make the pistons are in good condition .must check the crankcance lube oil everyday .14.why do you need to take the lube oil sample for analysis ? in theanalyzing , what can you possibly find ?and if you find these substances ,what are the possible problems the engines may have ?why ?At least ,every three months ..by analyzing the samples of the lube oil ,I can find such things as metal dust ,viscosity ,and other impurities ,this is preventive measures in engine maintenance ..for example ,if I find metal (aluminum ,copper etc )inside the lube oil ,maybe something wrong with the engine and part of the engine is broken .15.how to operate incinerator ? what kind of garbage can not be throwninto incinerator ?First ,check the oil level in the sludge oil tank ,open residue cock and discharge oily water ;heating the sludge oil in the tank up to 90 cent igrade ;start the incinerator .in the beginning ,combustion sludge oil with with diesel oil ,and after the water content in sludge oil is comparatively low ,stop supplying diesel oil and use sludge oil only .attention :the temperature in combustion cannot be higher than the stipulated figures of the incinerator (usually not more than 1200 degree in centigrade )The following garbage cannot be thrown into the incinerator :(1) any containers which have contained gases under pressure ,or aerosol cans into the incinerator .(2) the materials that may produce harmful gases or ashes .(3) the materials that may produce high temperature and prolonged incineration of such materials that may cause damage to the incinerator .16 .when you do the watch keeping in the engine room ,what should you be careful about ?I should take close watch on the fuel oil and lubricating oil condition to notice any possible problems arising from abnormal temperature ,,leakage ,or some other problems ; if hearing is seeing abnormal noises for machines ,I should make a quick judgement and report them to C/E or even master I myself cannot deal with it ,obey the rules of the company and the instruction from C/E and master and some warning from the deck department .l17 when do you have call the chief engineer to the engine room ?In emergency situations such as fire ,explosion and flooding etc ;Some other situations include :(1)if damage to or loss of function of the machinery occurs which maycause a hazard to the safe operation of the vessel(2)if a malfunction of certain equipment occurs that may cause damage orbreakdown of the propulsion machinery ,auxiliary machinery ,monitoring system or speed regulating system ;(3)in situation which the engineer officer of the watch is in doubt as towhich decision to make or which measure to adopt .18 what is your position (station ) in the muster lists ,for example ,during the fire fighting ,abandon vessel ,oil pollution prevention etc ?Abandon vessel :boarding the lifeboat to manage and control the engineFire fighting :manage and operate the emergency fire pmp .Oil pollution prevention ;collect the oil from the vessel or go down with the lifeboart to collect the oil from the sea .19.how is the oil sample taken during bunkering ?Open the cock of the special connector of the oil pipe .drain the fuel oil to the oil sample bottle all the bunkering time . seal the bottles and request the representive of the supplier to sign his name after bunkering .never accept any oil sample taken in advance or taken without the conformation by the 2nd engineer .20.as an engineer ,you must be familiar with SMS .can you please tellwhat is DP(s) and who was the DP of the company you served last time ?DP refers to the designated person in the SMS manual of a company .in my previous vessel company ,there was only one DP ,it was jack .21 .if it is cold ,you will find the air conditioner compressor stop automatically ,do you know the reasons ?When it is cold ,the suction pressure should be low ,if the suction pressure is lower than the setting pressure of the pressure controller ,the compressor will stop automatically .22.what is the use of a purifier ?explain the purpose of a gravity disc ? Purifier is used to separate oil from impurities such as sludge , ash ,various salts and water existing in the oil by means of gravitational rotation (centrifuging ).gravity disc is used for the purpose of establishing the correct oil water interface depending on the oil specific gravity .23.how can you create good vacuum on the fresh water (FW) distiller ? First of all ,to create good vacuum on the FW distiller .i must make sure that the internal chamber is sealed against possible entrance of the air during operation .secondly ,the air ejector and ejector pump should be in good condition .thirdly ,some revelant valves parking should be sealed against air leakage ,lastly ,the unit should be free from scales (水垢) 。

轮机三管轮考证英语44期试题加答案.docx

屮华人民共和国海事局2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第41期）科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分，第79题至80题，每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that ______ ・A.Both of them are ignited by compressed airB.Both of them are the forms of external combustion enginesC・ Both of them have spark plugsD. The power is developed by the piston in the cylinder2.The ratio of th brake horsepower to the indicated by the _____ .A.Thermal efficiencyB. Mechanical efficiencyC.Brake theimal efficiency D・ Volumetric efficiency3.The ignition quality, of diesel fuel oil is indicated by the ____ ・A.Specific gravityB. Cetane numberC. Viscosity D・ Calorific value4.How are the pressure and temperature affected in a diesel engine cylinder during compression?A.Pressure and temperature decreaseB.Pressure and temperature increaseC・ Pressure decreases and temperature increasesD.Pressure increases and temperature decreases5.An aluminium piston has lower inertia and higher coefficient of ____ compared to that of cast ironA.Viscosity B・ Twisting moments C・ Inertia D・ Thermal expansion6・ Each cylinder is closed at the top by a ___ ,made of a special heat-resistant steel.A.Cylinder linerB. Coupling flange C・ Cylinder cover D・ Piston7.The amount of fuel delivered by a helical plunger type fuel injection pump is controlledby ______ •A.Rotation of the pump plungerB. Rotation of the pump barrelC・ Varying the pump supply pressure D・ Varying the pump return pressure8.In a diesel engine lube oil system, which of the following parts should be lubricated first?A.Camshaft bearingB. Main bearing C・ Piston crowns D・ Cylinder9.Sacrificial zinc anodes are used on he saltwater side of diesel engine heat exchangers to ____ .A.Reduce electrolytic action on heat exchanger metalsB.Keep heat transfer surfaces shiny and cleanC.Prevent rapid accumulation of marine growthD.Provide a protective coating on heat exchanger surfaces10.In a turbocharger, inlet air velocity is in creased in the ____ .A.Inlet nozzle ring B・ Stationary diffuser passagesC・ Compressor outlet volute D. Rotating impeller vanes11 ・ Diesel engine cylinder air start valve timing is controlled by ___ ・A.Engine operating speed B・ An air manifoldC.A hydraulic distributorD. The air distributor12.If the compensating needle valve of a hydraulic governor is opened more than necessary the governor will ______ ・A.Have a larger than normal dead bandB.Produce excessive speed response to a load changeC.Respond slowly to any change in engine loadD・ Stabilize engine speed at the new governor setting13.A pyrometer is an instrument commonly used to measure ____ ・A.Cylinder pressureB. Flame intensityC. Exhaust gas temperatureD. Crankshaft axial alignment14.pump up the starting air reservoirs to their maximum pressure and _____ the air reservoirs and airA.OpenB. closeC. DrainD. Vent15.In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, ____ .A.Speed and torque are both reducedB.Speed is reduced and torque remains unchangedC.Speed is reduced and torque is increasedD・ Speed is sometimes unchanged while torque is increased16.Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?bustion gases flow through the tubesB. Flames impinge（撞击）on the tubeC. Combustion occurs in the tubesD. Water flows through the tubes17.The safety valves should be tested and adjusted when the boiler survey is ____ ・A. CompletedB. Carried outC. CleanedD. SteamedWhen an auxiliary boiler is panting and emitting black smoke, you should______ ・A. Increase the fuel oil supply pressureB. Decrease the fuel oilC. Decrease the fuel oil supply pressure D・ Inciease the air supply19.If the feed pump for an auxiliary boiler fails to deliver the feed water to the boiler, the cause may be ______ .A.High steam pressure in the boilerB.Abnormally high feed-water temperatureC.Abnormally high boiler water temperatureD・ Steam demand exceeding feed pump capacity20.A vane pump belongs to _____ according to its working principle.A. Reciprocating pumpB. Positive displacement pumpC. Centrifugal pump D・ centripetal pump21.The packing installed in the pump stuffing box is lubricated by _____ ・A. Gravity and feed oil cupsB. Grease cupsC. Hand during installationD. Leakage through the stuffing box22.If the capacity of a centrifugal pump decreases gradually over a long period of time, youshould _____ •A. Packing glandB. Mechanical sealsC. Lantern rings D・ Wearing rings23.Which of the listed conditions can lead to cavitation in a centrifugal pump?A.Vapor pockets formed in the suction flow steamB.Rough casing volute surfaces.C.Worn wearing ringsD.Heavy fluid m the flow stream24.In a compression refrigeration plant, the hot, high pressure refrigerant gas is cooled by the sea water and becomes liquid in the ____ ・A. Compressor B・ Condenser C・ Throttle valve D. Evaproator25.The temperature at winch water vapor in the atmosphere begins to condense is called theA. Dew point temperatureB. Condensation temperatureC. Psychometric temperatureD. Absolute humidity temperature26.In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ___ ・A. Filters B・ Separator C. Ducted traps D・ Dehumidifiers27.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of _____ ・A. Bubbling refrigerantB. Lowered operating temperaturesC. Overheating and oxidationD. Reducing the cloud or floe point2& Coalescence is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an oil/ water mixture. Which causes them to join and ___ in size.A. ExpandB. Extract C・ Increase D. Decrease29.when started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ____ .the oily water mixture is ____ then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. With dirty waterB. With clean waterC. By oily water D・ By mixed water30.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. Booster pump B・ Evaporator C・ Incinerator D. Cooler31.The __ is used to bum oil sludgeA. ClarifierB. Oily water separator C・ Incincrator D. Distiller32.In sewage treatment, the term maceration' refers to the process of _______ .A. Breaking up solid matter into fine particlesB・ Precipitating non-decomposed waste in a collection tankC.Chemically adjusting the sewage pH to 7.0D.Eliminating bacterium coil from the sewage33.Which of the substances listed is satisfactorily removed from the fuel by a centrifugal oil purifier?A. Carbon particlesB. Lube oilC. GasolineD. Diesel fuel34.If the bowl of a disk type centrifugal purifier when operated as a separator is not primed, theA.Oil has a tendency to emulsify in the bowlB.purifier will act as a clarifier at the discharge ringC.Oil will be lost through the water discharge portsD・ Oil solids will be deposited only at the intermediate top disk35.The process of boiling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine is usually defined as _________ •A. Dehydration B・ Condensation C・ Evaporation D. Dissolution36.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic is controlled by varying the position of the _____A. Relief valveB. Direction control valveC. Stop valve D・ Pressure control valve37.The delivery rate of a variable stroke axial piston hydraulic pump is controlled by varying the position of the ____ .A. Slide blockB. Tilting boxC. PintleD. Reaction ring3& The drive motor will have a brake arranged to fail-safe,i.e.it wild 〜the load if power fail or________ machine is stopped・A. LiftB. PutC. TakeD. Hold39.On tank vessels with an electrically-driven capstan, the motor should be meggered periodically to test _______ .A.Insulalion resistanceB. Eddy currentsB.C・ Capacitance D・ Armature reactance40.Overheating of a hydraulic system may be a result of _______ ・A.Changing pump discharge pressure in response to normal load variationsB.A high oil levelC.Incorrect fluid viscosityD.Continued slow re-circulation of the oil41.Purging air from a hydraulic system is necessary when ______ ・A.Adding small amounts of oil to the systemB.The system has been overheatedC.The system has been drained and then filled with new oilD.The system has been idle for a long period of time42.A direct current passing through a wire coiled around a soft iron core is the description of a simple ______ ■A. Magnetic shieldB. ElectromagnetC.Piezoelectric device D・ Electromagnetic domain43.The operation of ____ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.A. Paralleling B・ Series-mounting C. Running D. Controlling44.The power factor of an AC generator operating singularly is determined by the _________ ・A.Connected loadB. Prime mover speedB.C. Field excitation D. Generators rated voltage45.A generator is prevented from becoming motorized by the used of a/an ____ ・A.Over-speed tripB. Reverse power relayB.C・ Back pressure trip D. Governor controls46.After a ship enters service it is ____ for the main bus-bar to be made dead・A. UsuallyB. Commonly C・ Exceptional D. Unavoidably47.A transformer in an electric circuit serves to ____ ・A. Generate its own electrical powerB・ Transform electrical energy into mechanical engergyC・ Increase or decrease circuit voltage as requiredD.Convert AC or DC.4& The separate supplies are connected in either star or delta formation. The star formation is most commonly used and requires _________ slip-rings on the alternator.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five49.Most conducting materials such as copper, aluminium, iron,nickel,and tungsten（名乌）□A. Increase in resistance with increased temperatureB・ Increase in resistance with decreased temperatureC・ Decrease in resistance with increased temperatureD.Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper.50.Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A.Contactors control current and relays control voltageB.Relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connectedC.Contactors can handle heavier loads than relaysD.Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper51.The energy consumed by an AC motor, as strictly reactive power.is______ ・A. Used to do mechanical workB. Used to establish the magnetic field of the motorC.Low operating temperatureD. The time period since the last cleaning52.The need for insulation cleaning may be determined by _______ ・A. Visual inspection for dirt accumulationB. High megger readingsC.Low operating temperatureD. The time period since the last cleaning53.Before starting the engine, the air bottle should be _______ •A. Pumped upB. LoadedC. DischargedD. Closed54.At the beginning of the watch the current operational parameters and the condition of all machinery should be verified and also the log readings should correspond with those ______ ・A. Noted by the bridge officer B. Told by last duty engineerC. Observed D・ In the instruction manual55.^movement of engine no longer required "means”____ nA.stop engineB. No engine revolutionsC. Stand-by engineD. Finished with engine56.Which of the listed conditions can be considered as the stogie geratest cause of accidents?A. Speed engineB. Excessive knowledge or skillC. Human errorD. Excitement57.A class ' C ' fire would occur in _______ .A. Bedding B・ Pipe insulation C. Paint D. A generator5& If a fire occurs in the boiler room as a result of a leaking fuel line, you should FIRST ____ .A.Notify. The engineer on watchB.Isolate and secure the pipingC.Throw sand on the fireD.Extinguish the fire using a combination nozzle with applicator59.At the earliest indication of fire aboard your vessel, you must FIRST _____ ・A. Locate the fireB. Determine which type of fire is burningC. Sound the alarmD. Fight the fire60.If there has been a fire in a closed unventilated compartment it may be unsafe to enter because of _______ .A. Unburned carbon particlesC ・ Lack of oxygen61. If you observe any situationwhich presents a safety or pollution hazard during fuel transfer operations, which of the following actions should be taken FIRST?A. Close the calves at the transfer manifoldB ・ Notify the person in charge of the shore facilityC ・ Stop the transfer operationD. Sound the fire alarm62. Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are within the permissible ________ .A. Deflection B ・ Discrepancy C ・ Error D. Tolerance63. ____ is an opening for supplying seawater to condensers,pumps,etc.located in the hull below the waterline and having means for the attachment of the associated piping.A. Sea chestB. ScupperC. ScuttleD. Sea port64. The additional mark ______ in the classification certificate for machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely control station is unmanned periodically ・A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-165. The international oil pollution prevention certificate is valid for a period of ______ ・A. One year from the date of issueB. Five years from the date of issueC. Three years from th date of issue D ・ Four years from the date of issue66. Which one is the 'clear ground ，for a more detailed inspection?A. Paint peeling off the uptakeB. No operation procedures for the oil separatorC. One of ship's certificates requiredD. Damaged sanitary pump67. The port of ships control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the ________ .A. Navigation log bookB. Engine room log boot 〜C. Oil record bookD. Muster list6& The _____ convention is the first to establish basic requirements on training,certification and watch-keeping for seafarers on an international level.A. STCW78B. STCW95C. SOLAS74D. SOLAS8869. When the machine spaces are in the periodic unmanned condition, ______________ shall be immediately available and on call to attend the machine space ・A. The chief engineerB ・ The designated engineer from shipyardC. The designated duty officer in charge of the engineering watchD. The designated surveyor from classification society70. The officer in charge of the engineering watch hall ensure that all machinery involved with the maneuvering of the ship can immediately be placed in the_______ of operation when notified that the ship is in congested waters ・A. Manual modeB. Automatic mode C ・ Remote mode D. Follow-up mode B. Excess nitrogen D. Excess hydrogen71 ・ Small oil spills on deck can be prevented from contaminating any waters by _____ .A・ Plugging all scuppers and drains B. Placing floating booms around the shipC. Regularly emptying all drip pans D・ Thoroughly draining all bunkering hoses72.When off loading garbage to another ship ,your records must identify that ship by name andA. Home portB. Operator's name of recordC- Official number D. Masters name73.The main objective of the SOLAS convention is to specify __________ for the construction, equipment and operation of ships, compatible their safety・A. At most referencesB. At least referencesC. Maximum standardD. Minimum standards74.The objectives of the ISM code are to ensure _______ •①safety at sea ©prevention of human injury or loss of life ③avoidanee of damage to the marine environment and to propertyA.①B.①②C.②③D.①②③二、关联题(关联题题干下有四个小题，每个小题四个选项)The main starting valve(automatic valve) is operated by a pneumatic actuator, and similar actuator controls are fitted for slow turning and to the timing valves. The main starting valve can be locked shut and this must be done before the engine mining gear is engaged. When this valve is open, air passes through a non-return valve and flame arrester to the main manifold supplying pressure to the cylinder valves.one of which is fitted to each cylinder of the engine・The cylinder air start valves are normally held closed by a compression spring together with cylinder pressure acting over the calve lid.air from the manifold enters these valves where it forms a pressure balance between the underside of the valve lid and a balance piston of equal area on the vale spindle. Consequently this does not cause the valve to open.cylinder valves are opened when operating air, transmitted from the distributor, applies pressure to the larger operating piston on the valve spindle. As the valve is force open , starting air from the manifold enters the cylinder, applying pressure on the piston and causing the engine to rotate in the corresponding direction. To close the cylinder calves the connection from the distributor is opened to atmosphere, allowing the spring to close the valve and return the operating piston.75.The timing valves(in the first paragraph) refer to ____ .A. The valves for slow runningB. Fuel valvesC. The distributorD. Not mentioned76.After the main starting valve opens, air will not supply to ________ .A. The flame arrester B・ Each cylinder valveC.Anon- return valveD. A pneumatic actuator77.The balance piston used on a cylinder air start valve is to ________ ・A.In crease acting areaB.Keep pressure balance and help the valve close before operating air appliedC・ Increase the force and help the valve open after the operating air appliedD.Cause the valve to open7& After the engine being started, the air in the distributor will ____ .A. Be vented to open airB・ Be leaded to the corresponding cylinderC・ Be trapped until engine stopsD.Return to air reservoir三、中译英(共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上)79.1号重油分油机手动排渣后发生剧烈振动，经拆检清洗后装复，恢复正常分油工作。

大连新关联题(二、三管轮)

大连新关联题(二、三管轮)新关联题（二/三管轮）Passage 01Under the terms of the ISPS Code, shipping panies are required to designate a pany Security Officer (CSO) for the pany and a Ship Security Officer (SSO) for each of its ships.The CSO’s responsibilities include ensurin g that a Ship Security Assessment (SSA) is properly carried out, that Ship Security Plans (SSPs) are prepared and submitted for roval by the Administration andthereafter that the plan is implemented on board each ship.The Ship Security Plan should indicate the minimum operational and physical security measures that the ship itself should implement at all times (i.e.security level 1) unless required to operate at a higher security level.The plan should also indicate the additional, or intensified, security measures the ship can take to move to and operate at security level 2 when instructed to do so.Furthermore, the plan should indicate the possible preparatory actions the ship could take to allow prompt response to instructionsthat may be issued to the ship at security level 3.1.Under the terms of the ISPS code, a shipping pany is required to designate _____.A.SCOB.SSOC.CSO and SSOD.SSP and SSA2.Which one of CSO’ responsibilities is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.ensuring that the SSA is properly carried outB.ensuring that SSPs are prepared and submitted for rovalC.ensuring that the SSA is implemented on board each shipD.performing regular security inspections of the ship3.The SSP should contain all of the follog items e_cept________.A.minimum operational and physical security measures to be taken at security level 1B.additional security measures to be taken at security level 2C.intensified security measures to be taken at security level 3D.procedures for SSA4.In order to respond quickly to instructions that may be issued to the ship at security level 3, besidesadditional intensified security measures ______should be includedin the ship’s SSP.A.minimum security measuresB.preparatory actions that could be takenC.orders from SSOD.orders from CSOPassage 02The simple centrifugal pump is used for seawater circulation and other duties where self-priming is not a requirement.When installed for bilge pumping or ballast duty, these pumps require a primer i.e.somemeans of removing air from the suction pipe so that the liquid to be pumped is caused to flow into the pipe and so to the eye of the impeller.For general duties the impeller is of aluminium bronze keyed and secured to a stainless steel shaft.The impeller is fully shrouded and of the single entry type.The renewable wear rings are of aluminium bronze and the casing is normally of bronze or cast iron.The shaft seal is either a packed gland or a mechanical seal.The shaft bearing is of phenolic resin asbestos, lubricated by the liquid being pumped e_cept for pumps operating on high static lift.These have grease lubricated bronze bearings to ensure adequate lubrication during the priming period.5.Simple centrifugal pumps need a primer when used for all of the follog duties e_cept_____.A.seawater circulationB.bilge pumpingC.ballastingD.deballasting6.A primer used in a simple centrifugal pump is to_______I.remove air from suction pipe line, II.leadwater to the suction pipe.A.only IB.only IIC.both I and IID.neither I nor II7.Which one is NOT a feature of the centrifugal pump used for general duties ______.A.aluminum bronze impeller with a single entry eyeB.cast steel casingC.stainless steel shaftD.renewable wear rings8.The shaft bearing of a pump operating on high static lift will be lubricated by _____.A.lube oilB.water being pumpedC.greaseD.the leaked liquidPassage 03On 1 January 20__7, a revised version of Anne_ I (prevention of pollution by oil) of MARPOL 73/78 will enter into force.The revision incorporates the various amendments adopted since MARPOL entered into force in 1983 and separates the construction and equipment provisions from the operational requirements.It also makes clear the distinctions between the requirements for new ships and those for e_isting ships.The revision provides a more user-friendly, simplified instrument.A revised version of Anne_ II (prevention of pollution by no_ious liquid substances) will also enter into force on 1 January 20__7.The revised Anne_ II includes a new four-category system forno_ious and liquid substances.The revised Anne_ also includes a number of other significant changes.Improvements in ship technology, such as efficient stripping techniques, have made possible significantly lower permitted discharge levels of certain products which have been incorporated into the Anne_.9._____will e into force On 1 January 20__7.A.A revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78B.A revised version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78C.Revised versions of Anne_ I and Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78D.MARPOL 73/7810._____entered into force in1983.A.A revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78B.A revised version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78C.A revised versions of Anne_ I and Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78D.MARPOL 73/7811.Which one is NOT a feature of the revised version of Anne_ I of MARPOL 73/78？A.the equipment provisions Incorporated with the operational requirements.B.The requirements for new ships different from those for e_isting ships.C.Easy to be used.D.Instrment simplified12.From paragraph 2, we can deduce that____A.the permitted discharge levels for some no_ious liquid substances were lowerd in the reviedversion of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78.B.no any significant changes in the revied version of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78.C.the stripping techniques have been made a great step in ship technology.D.both A and C.Passage 04Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78 deals with prevention of air pollution from ships, and entered into force internationally on 19 May 20__5.It has been agreed that Australia will implement Anne_ VI, and the development of implementing legislation is included in the current legislation program.It is likely that Australia will be in a position to accede to Anne_ VI during 20__7.Anne_ VI includes several standard MARPOL 73/78 provisions, such as survey and certification requirements, which in due course will require attention during port State control inspections.The Anne_ sets limits on emissions of nitrogen o_ides (NO_) from diesel engines and sulphur content in ships’ bunke r fuel.The NO_ regulation has retrospective lication from 1 January 20_.A mandatory NO_ Technical Code, developed by IMO, defines how this is to be done.The Anne_ also places certification and sling obligations on suppliers of fuel oil.The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) has undertaken initial consultations with fuel suppliers and ship owners to ensure ropriate mechanisms will be in place prior to international entry into force.The IMO Marine Environment Protection mittee is currently developing an IMO strategy for greenhouse gas reduction from shipping, which may involve amendments to Anne_ VI.AMSA is working in close consultation with the Department of Environment and Heritage to ensure Australia’s position on this issueis accurately represented during IMO deliberations.13.The Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78 will be or was implemented in Austrlia _____.A.on 19 May 20__5B.during 20__7C.on one day in the future, but no definite information for a certain dateD.1 January 20_14.Anne_ VI includes several standard MARPOL 73/78 provisions currently, but NOT include____.A.certification requirementsB.standards for greenhouse emitted from shipsC.limits on emissions of nitrogen o_idesD.sulphur content in ships’ bunker fuel15.Before international certification and sling provisions for fuel enter into force, the AMSA willconsult with ____.A.fuel suppliersB.ship ownersC.the IMO Marine Environment Protection mitteeD.fuel suppliers and ship owners16.Which statement is NOT correct?A.The NO_ regulation es from a mandatory NO_ Technical CodeB.The mandatory NO_ Technical Code specified the procedures to check the emissions of nitrogeno_ides (NO_) from diesel enginesC.The IMO Marine Environment Protection mittee will add up the strategy for greenhousegas reduction from shipping to Anne_ VI of MARPOL 73/78D.AMSA will ensure Australia’s position on greenhouse gas r eduction from shipping is accuratelyrepresented during IMO deliberations.Passage 05The introduction of invasive marine species into new environments by ships’ ballast water, attached to ships’ hulls and via other vectors has been identified by the GEF as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans.The other three are land-based sources of marine pollution, overe_ploitation of living marine resources and physicalalteration/destruction of marine habitat.The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments was adopted at an IMO Diplomatic Conference held 9-13 February 20__4.Australia signed the Convention, subject to ratification, on 29 May 20__5.The Convention will enter in force 12 months after 30 States with bined merchant fleets constituting 35 of the gross tonnage of the world’s merchant shipping have signed the Convention.The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) and other responsible agencies have menced detailed discussions with a view to reaching agreement on how each provision of the new Convention is to be implemented.Work will then mence on the formal consultation process and development of a Regulatory Impact Statement.It is likely that AMSA will play a key role in implementing the Convention, primarily through port State control and survey requirements.17.The introduction of invasive marine species into newen vironments by ships’ ballast water wasidentified as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans.Bec ause _____.A.Ships’ ballast water causes serious problems in ecosystemB.Ships’ ballast water pollute the oceanC.Ships’ ballast water is very harmful to human health.D.The reason was not given in the passage.18.The International Convention for the Control and Man agement of Ships’ Ballast Water will enter intoforce in Australia ___________.A.in February 20__4B.on 29 May 20__5C.12 months after 30 States with bined merchant fleets constituting35 of the gross tonnageof the world’s merchant shipping have signed the C onventionD.after the signed documents roved by IMO.19.The AMSA begin ___________.A.to discuss on how to implement the new ConventionB.to ask other agencies to meet the requirementsC.to make Regulatory rulesD.to carry out Port State Control according to the new Convention20.The author implies that________.A.The AMSA will play a more important role than the Port State Control Officer in implementingthe new ConventionB.The AMSA will undertake the task to implement the new Convention via port State control andship survey.C.Other responsible agencies will implement the new Convention.D.It is not mentioned that who will implement the new convention.Passage 06Hand control of e_citation is difficult so use is made of an automatic voltage regulator (A ).The A consists basically of a circuit fed from the alternator output voltage which detects small changes in voltage and feed a signal to an lifier which changes the e_citation to correct the voltage.Stabilizing features are also incorporated in the circuits to avo id ‘hunting’ (constant voltage fluctuations) or overcorrecting.The statically e_cited alternator has a static e_citation system instead of a d.c.e_citer.This type of alternator will more accept the sudden loading by direct online starting of large squirrel cage motors.The static e_citation system uses transformers and rectifiers to provide series and shunt ponents for the alternator field, that is, it is pounded.Brushes and sliprings are used to transfer the current to the field coils which are mounted on the rotor.The terminal voltage from the alternator thus gives the no-load voltage and the load current provides the e_tra e_citation to give a steady voltage under any load condition.The pensation necessary for speed variation requires that a voltage regulator be also built into the system.The brushless high speed alternator was also developed to eliminate d.c.e_citers with their associated mutators and brushgear.The alternator and e_citer rotors are on a mon shaft, which also carries the rectifiers.The e_citer output is fed to the rectifiers and then through conductors in the hollow shaft to the alternator field coils.An automatic voltage regulator is used with this type of alternator.21.The underlined word ‘Which ’ in the second se ntence refersto_______.A.the alternator output voltageB.the detecting circuit in AC.the lifier in AD.the signal in A22.Concerning the statically e_cited alternator, which statement is NOT true?A.It has no d.c e_citerB.It is more able to carry sudden heavy loadC.It is e_cited in a pounded wayD.It will have no e_citation when no load.23.Concerning the brushless alternator, which statement is NOT true?A.It has no brushes but have to have mutators.B.The alternator and the e_citer have a mon shaft.C.The A is still incorporated with it.D.The shaft is hollow.24.Which is/are the mon ponent(s) for both brushless and brushed generators?A.lifierB.Transformerdoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.mutatorsD.RectifiersPassage 07In a closed fresh water system, the engine jackets, the heate_changer and the circulating pumps form a continuous circuit which is not open to the atmosphere.The cylinder jacket cooling water after leaving the engine passes to a sea water circulating cooler-heat e_changer-and then into the jacket water circulating pumps.It is then pumped around the cylinder jackets, cylinder heads,e_haust valves and turbo-blowers.However, provision has to be made for the e_pansion of the water due to the increase in temperature and due to small amounts of air which may enter the system and bee entrained and for water make-up due to leakages.These are met by a small head tank which is open to the atmosphere and placed at a higher level than any other point in the system so that the small changes in volume can be acmodated by changing the level of the free surface of the water in the tank.The heat tank is generally connected into the system at the pump suction, as this minimizes the chance of air being draw into the system at the pump.The minimum height of the head tank may be based on maintaining pressure of fresh water in the heat e_changer above that of the seawater to ensure that in the event of a small internal leak developing sea water cannot enter the fresh water system.Alternatively, it may be based on the need for a minimum pressure to be maintained within the jackets to avoid cavitation effects.The closed systems usually need vents if pockets or air locks are not to cause trouble[7].Vent pipes of small bore tube are lead from any local high point in the system to the of the head tank for the release of air from the cooling water.A heater in the circuit facilitates warming of the engine prior to starting by circulating hot water .The temperature of the water entering the engine jackets is regulated by means of a by-pass across the jacket water cooler.The proportions of water passing through the cooler, or by-passing it are controlled by a three-way valve.The temperature is usually adjusted to maintain a constant outlet water temperature from the engine regardless of the load or speed or the temperature of the sea water.The piston cooling system may be an open system which employs similar ponents with the closed system, e_cept that a drain tank is used in stead of a head tank and the vents are then led to a hopper or tundish at the high point in the machinery space.The hopper serves as a visual flow indicator.A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination from piston cooling glands to the piston cooling system only.25.Which statement is true?A.No ponent is open to the atmosphere in the closed cooling system.B.Even if pockets or air locks are not to cause trouble in the closed cooling system, ventsneed to be provided.C.Contamination from piston cooling system may lead to Jacket water cooling system.D.Cavitations will never hen in the closed cooling system.26.The minimum height of the head tank may be determined according to____.A.Seawater pressure in the heat e_changerB.Pump suction pressureC.Atmospheric pressureD.Pump discharge pressure27.If the engine load increase, the outlet water temperature from the engine will___.A.rise as the loadB.almost no changeC.increase immediately then decreaseD.always fluctuate28.In the closed jacket water cooling system, the e_pansion of water due to increase of temperature willbe acmodated by___.A.the e_pansion tankB.the head tankC.heat e_changerD.piping systemPassage 08Diesel engines are started by supplying pressed air into the cylinders in the ropriate sequence for the required direction.A supply of pressed air is stored in air reservoirs or bottles or receivers at pressures about 30 or 40 bar ready for immediate use.Some times pressed air pressure is dropped to a lower value by means of a reducing valve for other uses.The receivers are charged by pressors.The design of starting air systems, including the number and capacity of pressors and receivers, the provision of features and drainage facilities are the subject of stringent requirements by Classification Societies[1].Up to 12 starts are possible with the stored quantity of pressed air.The starting air system usually has interlocks to prevent startingif any thing is not in order.The pressed air is supplied by a large bore pipe to a remote operating non-return or automatic valve and then to the cylinder airstart valves.The opening of each cylinder air start valve will admit pressed air into the corresponding cylinder.The automatic valve and the cylinder start valves are controlled by a pilot air system.Each cylinder start valve will be opened immediately after the dead centre position has been passed and closed just before the e_haust ports are due to open according to the direction of rotation required[2].Thus, when pressed air from the main supply is supplied to the startingsystem of an engine at rest it enters those cylinders in which the pistons are in a position corresponding to some part of the power stroke, the resulting pressure on the pistons causes the engine to rotate.When a sufficiently high speed, say about 20 r.p.m., has been achieved the air supply is cut off and fuel is injected causing the cylinders to fire and continue to run in the normal way.The pilot air is drawn from the large pipe and passes to a pilotair control valve which is operated by the engine air start lever.When the air start lever is operated, a supply of pilot air enables the pilot air control valve to open either manually or with a pneumatic cylinder when a bridge control system is fitted.Pilot air for the ropriate direction of operation is also supplied to an air distributor.This device is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the control cylinders of the cylinder air start valves.The pilot air is then supplied in the ropriate sequence for the direction of operation required.The cylinder air start valves are held closed by springs when notin use and opened by the pilot air enabling the pressed air direct from the receivers to enter the engine cylinder.As soon as the engine fires the air starting lever is brought back.The pilot air control valve returns to the off position, venting the pilot air lines and the remote air starting valve and allog it to close.29.The best title for the passage is ____.A.starting air systemB.working principle of a diesel enginedoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.pressed air systemD.air distributing system30.The main equipment and drainage facilities of the pressed air system should meet therequirements specified by ____.A.IMOdoc/77a3eaa7b0717fd5360cdc61.SC.ABSD.shipping register organizations31.The cylinder air start valve will _____.A.open immediately after air entering into pilot systemB.open just after TDC and keep open until e_haust ports are to be opened.C.not open until air pressure is over 25 bar.D.not close until the engine stating up32.The pilot air valve is actuated by____.A.cylinder air start valveB.air distributorC.the start leverD.bridge officerPassage 09The requirements of Anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78 ly to all ships carrying No_ious Liquid Substances(NLSs) in bulk.Substances posing a threat of harm to the marine environment are divided into three categories, _, Y and Z.Category _ substances are those posing the greatest threat to the marine environment, whilst Category Z substances are those posing the smallest threat.Substances considered to present no harm to marine resources, human health, amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea when discharged into the sea from tank cleaning of deballasting operations and listed in the pollution categorycolumn of chapter 18 of the International Bulk Chemical Code are indicated as OS (Other Substances).Where it is proposed to carry a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 of this regulation, the Governments of Parties to the Convention involved in the proposed operation shall establish and agree on a provisional assessment for the proposed operation on the basis of the guidelines referred to in paragraph 2 of this regulation.Until full agreement among the Governments involved has been reached, the substance shall not be carried.As soon as possible, but not later than 30 days after the agreement has been reached, the Government of the producing or shipping country, initiating the agreement concerned, shall notify the Organization and provide details of the substance and the provisional assessment for annual circulation to all Parties for their information.The Organization shall maintain a register of all such substances and their provisional assessment until such time as the substances are formally included in the IBC Code.33.Which category would cause least harm to the marine environment?A.NLS category _B.NLS category yC.NLS category ZD.OS34.When a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 were intended tocarried on board, and an assessment has made, then _____A.an agreement among the Governments involved need to be made.B.it could be ship-transferred.C.all parties to the convention should be informed.D.it could not be ship-transferred until it was listed in the IBC Code.35.When a liquid substance in bulk which has not been categorized under paragraph 1 were intended tocarried on board, and an assessment has made and an agreement among the Governments involved has fully reached, ____should notify the IMO.A.the shipping pany.B.the Administration.C.the ship owner.D.the Government who initiates the agreement.36.How does all parties get the provisional assessment of a NLSs?A.they are provided by the Government who made the provisional assessmentB.from IBC CodeC.through IMOD.from anne_ II of MARPOL 73/78Passage 10The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water & Sediments was adopted by consensus at a Diplomatic Conference at IMO in London on Friday 13 February 20__4.The main features of the Convention are outlined below (selected).Regulation D-1 Ballast Water E_change Standard - Ships performing Ballast Water e_change shall do so with an efficiency of 95 per cent volumetric e_change of Ballast Water.For ships e_changing ballast water by the pumping-through method, pumping through three times the volume of each ballast water tank shall be considered to meet the standard described.Pumping through less than three times the volume may be accepted provided the ship can demonstrate that at least 95 percent volumetrice_change is met.Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard - Ships conducting ballast water management shall discharge less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meter greater than or equal to 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter less than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and greater than or equal to 10 micrometers in minimum dimension; and discharge of the indicator microbes shall not e_ceed the specified concentrations.37.The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water & Sediments____on 13 February 20__4.A.was effected officially:B.came into forceC.was effectiveD.was voted and accepted38.Which statement is true about regulation D-1?A.At least three times the volume of each ballast water tank should be e_changed.B.At least 95 percent volumetric e_change of Ballast Water would be accepted.C.Pumping-through method has to be used.D.Even the volumetric e_change is less than 95 percent, the ship has other ways to meet thestandard.39.For organisms less than 10 micrometers in minimum dimension, what is the specific requirement?A.less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterB.less than 10 viable organisms per milliliterC.No any in the discharged ballast waterD.It is not specified in the regulation.40.For organisms greater than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension, what is the specific requirement?A.less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meterB.less than 10 viable organisms per milliliterC.No any in the discharged ballast waterD.It is not specified in the regulation.。

轮机英语历年真题文档

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.A. cross-headB. spark plugC. connecting rodD. cylinder2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, iscommonly classed as a ______.A. slow-speed dieselB. medium-speed dieselC. high-speed dieselD. constant-speed diesel3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engineoperating efficiency?A. ImpellerB. CompressorC. After-coolerD. Exhaust diffuser4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than afour-stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______.A. it has a longer power strokeB. more air gets into the cylinder each strokeC. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedD. higher combustion pressure is developed5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______.A. cam followersB. push rodsC. combustion gasesD. valve springs6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be dividedinto two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______.A. the pulse-phase systemB. the pulse Doppler systemC. the pulse systemD. the pulse interval system7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event ofover-speed.A. cutting power off the engineB. increasing the fuel pump settingC. braking the crankshaftD. stabilizing the ship speed8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moisture.B. Test the relief valves.C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure.D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter.9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A. crankcase pressureB. lube oil pressureC. seawater pressureD. exhausttemperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.A. friction clutchesB. disconnect clutchesC. reversing gearsD. reduction gears11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases fromthe main engine.A. an diesel oil heaterB. a waste heat boilerC. a fresh water generatorD. a donkeyboiler12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______.A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressureB. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiencyC. recycle exhaust gas to the turbochargerD. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______.A. check and regulate the water levelB. close the air cock once fires are litC. blow down the gage glassD. assure protective steam flow14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______.A. incorrect electrode settingB. incorrect nozzle positionC. clogged fuel nozzleD. broken high tension lead15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______.A. increased heat transferB. fireside erosionC. high steam demandD. overheatedtubes16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with areciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Uponaccidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build upA. I, IIB. II, IIIC. I, II, IIID. II only17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts?A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing.B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out.C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump.D. They increase the strength of the shaft.18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______.A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completelyemptiedB. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped outC. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wellsD. discharge pressure will be too high.19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps?A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed.B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened.C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction.D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed.20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to______.A. closely observe the pump discharge temperatureB. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressureC. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressureD. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records21.Which of the following modes of heat transfer does NOT require any physical contact between awarmer and a cooler substance?A. RadiationB. ConductionC. Natural convectionD. Contact directly22. A re-heater in an air conditioning system functions to ______.A. control inlet air temperatureB. control inlet air volumeC. maintain relative humidity at 15%D. restore conditioned air temperature to a comfortable level23.In a chilled water air conditioning unit using a reciprocating compressor, the refrigerating effectof the primary refrigerant can be increased by ______.A. increasing refrigerant pressure in the coilB. increasing chilled water flow through the coolerC. sub-cooling the refrigerant in the condenserD. superheating the refrigerant in the compressor24.Sludge may form in the lubricating oil crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressoras a result of ______.A. wax precipitation in the lube oilB. contamination by dust, scale, or moistureC. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilD. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity25.Placing a filter on the ______of an oily water separator will “polish” the discharge butoverloading must be avoided.A. suction sideB. discharge sideC. by-pass pipeD. sampling pipe26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______.The oily water mixtureis then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oil/water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except______.A. aeration tanksB. settling tanksC. disinfection agent （消毒剂）D. anaerobic bacteria (厌氧菌)30.For a purifier changing to a gravity disc with smaller hole diameter will move the interfacetowards the ______.A. bowl peripheryB. bowl centerC. upper surfaceD. lower surface31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. Wechanged the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder32.The advantages of flash type evaporators, as compared to submerged tube type evaporators,include ______.A. less internal corrosion because of lower brine densityB. higher temperature evaporation for lower salinity of the distillate producedC. less scale formation in a flash evaporatorD. less feed-water required for a flash evaporator33.Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a drinking water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve34.What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinderbody36.In a general cargo crane, ______is fitted to lift the cargo load.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan moter37.______are used to handle anchors and chains.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches38.The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive thewinch drum and should slip only when ______.A. excessive loads are placed on the winchB. minimum pull is being exerted by the winchC. automatic operation of the winch is desiredD. wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate39.Dual (双的)electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A. with both pumps on line at the same time B．with one pump on standbyC．with the follow-up gear disconnected D．only when the rudder is moved amidships40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41.An electrical device which employs a stationary armature and a rotating electromagnetic field isused aboard ship as a ______.A. magnetic amplifierB. ship's service alternatorC. three-wire DC generatorD. saturable core reactor42.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .A. D.C.B. A.C. C. generatorD.fresh water generator43.Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ______.A. voltage regulatorB. reverse power relayC. reverse current relayD. governor control switch44.______shall be continuously powered and shall have an automatic changeover to a stand bypower supply in case of loss of normal power supply .A. Cooling systemB. Alarm systemC. The air conditioning installationD. The mooring equipment45.Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind ______andonly the operation handles and instruments are on the frontA. the capstanB. the collectorC. the panelsD. the surface46.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.A. distribution boardsB. section boardsC. emergency switch boardsD. main switch boards47.The primary function of an electric motor is to ______.A. develop torqueB. generate high voltagesC. produce a magnetic fieldD. generate high electrical resistance48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.A. heat-resisting acrylicB. heat-resisting aluminumC. insulating varnishD. insulating white lead49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. should short the circuit when overloaded50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.A. diode(二极管)B. amplifierC. circuit breakerD. capacitor51.The electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery consists of distilled water and ______.A. hydrogen chlorideB. calcium chlorideC. sulfuric acidD. muriatic acid52.When under maneuvering conditions with the machinery being manually operated the control unitor console should be ___.A. automatically controlledB. off powerC. continuously mannedD. continuously unmanned53.______is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normal operating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the ______gear put in, all drains andindicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55. A tank which has been sealed for a long period of time can be dangerous because ______.A. steel surfaces consume oxygen by rustingB. sealed tanks usually form a vacuumC. moisture condenses in the tank, displacing the oxygenD. most tank coatings give off poisonous vapors in the presence of moisture56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.A. diesel oilB. magnesiumC. dunnageD. electrical insulation57.To prevent the spread of fire by conduction, you should ______.A. close all openings to the areaB. remove combustibles from direct exposureC. cool the bulkheads around the fireD. shut off all electric power58.The lengthening of a crack formed in the shell plating of a ship may be prevented by ______.A. welding brackets across both ends of the crackB. chipping out and slot welding the entire crackC. drilling a hole at each end of the crackD. cutting a square notch at each end of the crack59.After a fire has been extinguished in a closed space, personnel may safely enter the space when______.A. smoke density has been decreased sufficiently to see the bulkhead opposite the compartment'sentranceB. a lifeline and explosion proof flash light are usedC. all smoke and toxic fumes are removed and an adequate oxygen supply is presentD. overhaul has been completed to remove any possible source of re-ignition60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?A. Stop loadingB. Notify the harbor administration.C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.61.To anneal (退火)a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket _______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.When a vessel is in dry-dock, the vessel's engineers should ______.A. examine the condition of the propellerB. chip and paint all hull protection zincsC. install new docking plugs in all cofferdamsD. inspect the hull for hogging or sagging63.The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents thatpersonnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spacesII. Bunkering of fuel oilA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I nor II65.Your ship‟s certificat es show that you did not do renewing work for certificate. All certificateshave expired a few days before. Thus, your ship is ______.It follows therefore that she will______.A. seaworthy / be fined in our portB. un-seaworthy/ be disassembled in our portC. seaworthy / be assembled in our portD. un-seaworthy / be detained in our port66.“Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers” is an identification of a______.A. substandard shipB. standard shipC. over-standard shipD. reference ship67.When deciding the composition of the engineering watch, which may include _____appropriately,many factors shall be taken into account.A. satisfied engineersB. qualified ratingsC. satisfied chief engineerD. qualified chief engineer68.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall notify the chief engineer withoutdelay______.A. in any emergency or if in any doubt as to what decision or measures to takeB. in the event of any impending action in machinery spaces that may cause reduction in ship‟sspeedC. when isolating and bypassing machinery to be worked onD. co-operating with any engineer in charge of maintenance work69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer shall consult with ______whether or not tomaintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term "moderate speed" was previously interpreted as meaning a speed which would enable avessel ______within half the range of visibility.A. stoppingB. being stoppedC. to stopD. to be stopped71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in the United States is ______.A. skimmersB. strawC. dispersantsD. sawdust72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of allinternational treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. efficiencyD. safety73.The Company should ensure that the master is fully ______with the Company's SMS.A. familiarB. understandC. conversationD. confused74.______means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall bemaintained at all times, threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.A. Security level 1B. Security level 2C. Security level 3D. Security level 4二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）With many small package boilers, the automatic control sequence usually ensures that the boiler fire is initially ignited from a diesel oil supply, and changed over to the usual source when ignition is completed. With good management, to facilitate subsequent starting from cold, the fuel system of large boilers will have been flushed through with diesel oil when the boiler was on light duty immediately prior to being secured. When burning such diesel fuel it is essential for safety that only the correct (small) burner tip should be used. It should be kept in mind that if fire does not light, immediately shut off fuel and vent furnace.Complete ignition of fuel in the furnace is essential. The burner flame, the smoke indicator and the funnel should be frequently observed. With satisfactory combustion, the flame should appear in candescent （白热的）with an orange shade at the flame tip, and a faint brownish haze should show at the funnel. If on first ignition the flame is uncertain, badly shaped and separates from the primary swirler, momentary opening or closing of air register may correct. 75. Small package boilers will use _______ while being lit up.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil76. After large boilers being secured, the fuel in the feeding line will be____.A. the usual source of oilB. fuel oilC. diesel oilD. mixture of fuel oil and diesel oil77. If large boilers were not lit up, _____.A. feed water to normal levelB. stop fuel supply immediately and purge the furnaceC. light the boiler againD. reset the burner78. An indication for a good combustion is ______.A. white smokeB. brown haze in the funnelC. orange flame tipD. swirl oil spray三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. 船舶加油期间，如发现船舶附近水面有油或发生溢油事故，都应立即停止加油作业。

轮机英语关联题

Passage 12第三题The installation including expansion, preheating and pressurizing should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the engine manufacturer to obtain a correct and trouble free installation.第二题A There should be no reason to carry out any maintenance to the cooling water system unless the temperatures in the cooling water system start to rise without any clear reason. Normally all inspections and mechanical cleaning of the cooling water system components are better to do at planned intervals.第二题B ,第一题The circulating fresh water should be treated according to the recommendations to prevent corrosion and deposits. If the risk of freezing occurs, drain all cooling water spaces. Avoid using fresh cooling water. Save the drained water and use it again.第二题C In completely closed systems the fouling will be minimal ff the cooling water is treated according to the instructions'.第五题Depending on the cooling water quality and the efficiency of the treatment, the cooling water spaces may or may not foul over the length of time. Deposits on cylinder liners walls, cylinder heads and cooler stacks should be removed to avoid disturbance in the heat transfer to the cooling water with thermal overload as consequence.The necessity of cleaning should be investigated, especially during the first year of operation. This may be done during overhaul of a cylinder liner inspection for fouling and deposits on the liner and block.第四题The cylinder head cooling water spaces can be checked by removing the water space plugs in the sides of the cylinder heads. The turbocharger can be checked through the inspection covers of the water spaces. The deposits can quite vary in structure and consistency. In principle, it can be removed mechanically and/or chemically.1. The sentence "The circulating fresh water should be treated ..." (paragraph 2), most probably means that the fresh cooling water should be_____.A. drained to avoid freezingB. collected when drainingC. changed at planned intervalsD. analyzed and dosage added if necessary注：在第二段中，”循环的淡水应该被处理,,,,,,”可能的意思是淡水冷却水应该被化验以及配药在必要时。

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