科目英语年级高一教师徐瑛

科目:英语年级：高一教师徐瑛

2001-2002第一学期第三周

Unit 3 American English

一．知识导入:

There are some differences in pronunciation and spelling between American English and British English. Sometimes , different words are used for the same thing. If we know the differences,we can learn English better. Languages are changing , and so is English. American English has changed over the centuries . It is really a “mixture ” of different languages. Most of the words and expressions come from British English and some are from Spanish or American. And some are even from Chinese , such as the words “qi gong ” and “putonghua”.

二．本单元主要内容:

（一）单词

difficulty , fall , however , pronounce , pronunciation , explain , character , reason , Europe , European .

（二）词组

a great many , more or less , come about , bring in , ask…for , seven in/out of ten , and so on , change…into…, for example

（三）语法

直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、个别的动词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。例如，

He said:“I am free this evening .”

He said that he was free that evening.

She said,“I have explained that sentence.”

She said that she had explained that sentence.

但是，如果直接引语是表示客观真理、名人名言；引语中有具体明确的表示过去的时间状语；含有when , while , since等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句；直接引语是习惯性动作；当天转述，且直接引语是表示将来等情况下，间接引语的时态或时间状语就无需发生变化。

1.The teacher said,“The earth goes around the sun.”The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.（客观真理）

2.Mike said：“I visited the Great Wall when I lived in Beijing.”Mike said that he had visited the Great Wall when he lived in Beijing.（从句）

3.Xiao Wang said,“I joined the army in 1982.”

Xiao Wang said that he joined the army in 1982.（具体的过去时间状语）

4.He said ,“Little knowledge is a dangerous thing.”

He said that little knowledge is a dangerous thing.（名人名言）

5.Wu Dong said,“I get up at six every morning.”

WuDong said that he gets up at six every morning.（客观情况）

（四）句型

1．have some difficulty/trouble in doing sth. .

have some difficulty/trouble with sth. .

2.I’m sorry, I don’t quite follow you.

3.I should /would like to do…

4.the same as

三．重点、难点分析讲解及应用

1．You’re doing fine.

此处fine 是副词，修饰动词do 相当于well. 又如

He’s only talking fine. 他只是说得好。

请同学们注意fine在作副词时常常是口语表达的方法，书面语仍以well为主

２．I have some difficulty in pronuncing some of the words in English.

此处difficlty 是U.N.(不可属名词),意为困难。have some（no, much, little )difficulty in doing sth.是一个常用句型，意为“在做某事方面有一些(没有、很多，很少)困难”

Ｄo you have any difficulty in writing this composition? 若后面是名词则用with 接名词而不用in doing sth. 例如：

I have difficulty with maths. 我在数学学习方面有些困难。

另外，请同学们注意在实际考试乃至于高考中此句型往往有位置迁移的情况出现。如：

What great difficulty we had understanding the whole text!

我们在理解整课时遇到的困难多大啊！

因此，同学们不能只死记硬背，还应对句子结构加强理解。

3. However,most of the time , people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other .

however和but虽然都可表示“但是”，但用法不同，however可用作连词，意为“无论，不管”可用于修饰一个形容词或副词并引导一个从句。如：

You may not succeed, however hard you’ll try.

无论你多么努力，你都不会成功。表示“可是，但是，不过”词性是副词，在句中的作用为插入语，可放在句首，句中或句末。这时，常用逗号与句子分开。在语气上要比but弱。（but是明确的对比转折）例如：

However, he didn’t come in the end.

You are quite wrong , however.

At last , however , he decided to go there，too.

4. At first , the language stayed the same as the language in Birtain.

“the same as”意为和…一样，same前的定冠词不能省略。例如：

You look the same as before.

My bicycle is the same as yours .若为：the same…as , same后则应接一个名词

She uses the same pen as I(do).她使用的和我的钢笔一样。

5. A great many words and expressions have come into the language from American English , for example…and so on .

a great many=a good many 修饰可数名词。若接代词需使用介词“of”

例如：

(1)I have a great many things to do today.今天我有很多事要做。

(2)A great many of them failed in the last exam.

a great/good deal(=very much)常用来修饰不可数名词。有时也可做状语用

He spent a great deal of his time on this work.在这项工作上他花费了大量时间。

She’s a good deal better today t han yesterday. 她今天比昨天感觉好多了。

and so on 是个习惯用语，意为“等等”放在列举的几个事物或人之后。

Some are interested in art, music , books, and so on. 有些人对艺术、音乐、书籍等感兴趣。

He can speak several languages: English , Japanese, Chinese and so on.他会说几种语言：英语、日语、汉语等。