2017考研英语翻译重难点解析：反译法
2017考研英语(二)翻译真题参考译文及考点解析
2017考研英语（二）翻译真题参考译文及考点解析
来源：文都教育
2017年考研英语考试已经结束，文都教育给大家提供了的2017考研英语（二）真题翻译答案解析，供广大考生参考：
【原文题目】
My Dream
My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!【参考译文】
2017年考研英语一新题型翻译解析
[A] The first published sketch "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle earned him a modest reputation.
狄更斯发现他的第一部随笔，《白杨庄晚宴》，在每月杂志上刊登的时候，使他热泪盈眶。从那以后他就用笔名博兹发表随笔，刊登在《夜晚记事》上，让他小有名气。
sketch文学速写，随笔
chronicle编年史
modest轻微的，不太多的
bring tears to sb’s eyes使某人落泪
from then on从那时开始
[B] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers as it is generally known today secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars and the plump spectacled hero Samuel Pickwick became a national figure.
《匹克威克外传》的巨大成功，为狄更斯赢得了名声。有匹克威克大衣和匹克威克雪茄，并且那个胖胖的，戴着眼镜的男主人公，塞缪尔匹克威克成为了一个享誉全国的人物。runaway success巨大的成功
2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析
2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析2017年考研英语考试已经结束!出国留学考研网在考后第一时间为大家提供2017年考研
英语一翻译真题及答案解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!
2017年考研英语一翻译真题及答案解析
英语1文章明显偏学术，今年考察英语语言发展情况，文章选的英国文化教育协会，是雅思出题组织者。它的主席叫大卫格兰多的一本书，叫《英语下一步》，他讲到整本书意思是英语将走向何处。
很有意思的是主席曾经这本书里说到了中文将以后成为世界语言。英语1考题作为序言部分作为考题。
今年英语1总体难度和去年相比，刚刚过去2016年考研题稳中有一点点上升，没有任何
难句出现，只是长句。我认为稳中上升。
第一句话有一个单词难一点，(英文)，英语全球性主导地位。翻译里没有考过。(英文)主导地位考过，但是是阅读里经常出现，翻译都是可以的。这句话基本意思说到了，说英语的人进一步扩大，这是一个(英文)状语从句。后面跟着有迹象表明，是主句，表明的迹象是什么呢?从句，英语全球性主导地位在可预见地位将减弱。
fade(英文)略微有难度。我对考研阅读没有那么熟，但是2000年出现过。如果按照新东
方老师关注的精读方法来学习有很好的效果。
第二句话讲到了大卫这个人分析，会终结一些人的(英文)，他们或许会认为英语全球性地位是如此稳定。他们有一次词，是(英语)如此稳定，英国年轻一代不需要额外学习其他的语言能力。但是会终结年轻一代的能力。
但是组织的时候要注意一下，有些人认为英语语言地位如此稳定，英国年轻人没有必要学习什么，但是大卫的观点会终结这些人的想法。语序颠倒一下会更好。
2017考研英语翻译：状语从句常用翻译方法
2017考研英语翻译：状语从句常用翻译方法2017考研翻译常考定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句，常考的特殊结构包括倒装结构和比较结构。下面我们就针对状语从句常用翻译方法进行重难点归纳，帮助考研人聚焦“翻译重要考点”。
状语从句翻译
状语从句内容丰富，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果等意义。状语从句的翻译一般可以直接翻译，但是由于状语在句子中的位置比较灵活，所以状语从句的翻译也要灵活处理，尽量符合汉语的表达习惯。
真题例句(2001年，75题)：And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder---kitchen rage.
句子结构：so…that结构，意思是"如此…以至于"。that引导的是结果状语从句。
参考译文：家用电器将变得如此的智能化，以至于控制和操作它们将会导致一种新的心理疾病的爆发----厨房狂躁症。
真题例句(2002年，62题)：The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.
考研英语翻译定语从句常用翻译方法
2017考研英语翻译：定语从句常用翻译方法2017考研翻译常考定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句，常考的特殊结构包括倒装结构和比较结构，而定语从句常用的翻译方法有：前置法、后置法、融合法和状译法。。下面我们就针对定语从句常用翻译方法进行重难点归纳，帮助考研人聚焦“翻译重要考点”。
定语从句翻译
1、前置法
所谓前置法，即把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用"的"来连接。既然定语从句的意义是做定语修饰名词性成分，那么在翻译的时侯，如果定语从句较短小，信息量不大，与所修饰的成分关系密切，通常将其翻译成带"的"的前置定语，放在定语从句的先行词之前。
真题例句1(2003年，61题)：Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies。
句子结构：in which they live是"介词+which"引导的定语从句，还原后为which they live in，修饰先行词environment。subjecting…为分词短语做状语。
参考译文：人类有能力改造他们所居住的环境，从而使所有其他生命形态服从于人类特有的想法和想象。
真题例句2(2004年，62题)：We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages。
2017考研英语翻译真题精析(17)
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译真题精析（17） 要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力，加强对词汇多义的把握，踩准得分点，最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读，日积月累，翻译能力必定提升。凯程考研频道以真题为例，和大家分享句子的细分解读，从词汇到句式，希望大家多练练。 At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet theresult may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention,as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
结构：
Yet the result may be worse qualifications(主句), //because they get less individual attention(because 原因状语从句), //as well as less confidence in speaking publicly(as wellas 并列的宾语，lessconfidence 与lessindividual attention 并列).
译文：
姓氏字母靠后的孩子可能觉得自己有幸逃脱了老师的提问。然而结果是他们成绩可能越来越差，因为他们受到个人关注要少，在公众面前说话时也不够自信。
2017年考研英语二真题全文翻译解析（华明网校版）
in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society
designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the
Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.
who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the
2017考研英语翻译6类句子成分的译法
2017考研英语翻译6类句子成分的译法考研英语翻译是个技术活儿，要提升能力就得打好基础，了解一些翻译的原则和固定的翻法，什么时候需要增减，什么时候需要变序，什么时候需要省略，需要段的学习和积累，下面教2017考生6种句子成分的翻译方法，大家学习下。
增译主语
由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。情况一般有以下几种：
以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体;英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍;英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。
He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry.
他并没有给出我们满意的答复，这种态度使得我们非常生气。
There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem.
针对这一公共问题，大家提出了种种解决方案。
增译谓语
同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。
We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week.
我们这周去厦门，下周去深圳。
After the party, he has got a very important speech.
2017年 考研英语二真题全文翻译解析(华明网校版)
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题
Section I Use of English
Section I Use of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.
A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.
2017考研英语翻译真题精析(10)
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译真题精析（10） 要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力，加强对词汇多义的把握，踩准得分点，最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读，日积月累，翻译能力必定提升。凯程考研频道以真题为例，和大家分享句子的细分解读，从词汇到句式，希望大家多练练。 When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. 词汇：
nail//n. 指甲
manicurist//n. 美甲师
file//v. 锉，磨
polish//v. 上光，打磨，改进
结构：
When it comes to the slowing economy(when 时间状语从句), //Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet(主句).
But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting,filing or polishing as many nails(主句，cutting ，filing ，polishing 是并列谓语动词) //as she'd like to, either(as 比较状语从句).
2017年考研英语二翻译试题答案及解析
2017年考研英语二翻译试题答案及解析
My Dream
My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all!
2017考研英语常见语法结构翻译技巧
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语常见语法结构翻译技巧 下面为大家整理了考研英语翻译中常见的几种语法结构的翻译技巧的介绍，希望能够帮助大家更好的备考!
1.形式主语
形式主语通常是指it 做形式主语的情况。在翻译时，我们一般都将其处理为固定词组，置于句首。形式主语分为以下两种：
⑪It is+v-ed that
①It is said that....，译为：据说...;②It is reported that....据报道....;③It is estimated that...据估计....;④
It is suggested that...据建议....;⑤It must be admitted that …必须承认...;⑥It should be realized that....应该意识到...;⑦It can be found that...可以发现...;⑧It is agreed that...大家一致认为....;⑨It can not be denied that ….不能否认...;⑩It may be said without fear of exaggeration that …毫不夸张的说....
⑫It is +adj that
It is clear/certain/natural/necessary that … ...是很明显/很肯定的/很自然/很有必要的。例如：
①It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.奇怪的是，她并没有看到自己的缺点。②In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say, "United we stand, divided we fall". 在应对如此规模的挑战时，可以毫不夸张的说“团结则存，分裂则亡。”
考研英语翻译题重难点精析
考研英语翻译题重难点精析
考研英语翻译题重难点精析
由于翻译局部的句型构造和阅读理解的较难句型根本类似，考试重点如出一辙，为了让大家更好的理解阅读理解真题文章，进步做题正确率，如今把考研翻译方法进展归纳总结，以便大家复习参考。考研英语翻译难点精析(一) 被动语态翻译法
1) 变为汉语的主动形式。
Eg：
2) 译成具有被动意义的汉语构造。
Eg：
For all the help this puter may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.尽管计算机可以提供那么多的帮助，它却不应该被看作是根本的思维和推理技巧的替代物。
Eg：
3) 增添“人们”、“大家”等适当的词做汉语译文的主语。
Eg：
And it is imagined by many that the operations of the mon mind can be by no means pared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法和科学家的思维过程想比拟，他们并认为这些思维过程必须经过某中专门训练才能掌握。
Eg：
During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。
2017考研英语一翻译参考答案
2017考研英语一翻译参考答案
题源：语言学家David Graddol的著作“English Next”（《英语走向何方》）
主题：英语语言学
考试原文
The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
2017年翻硕考研英译汉指导：三读翻译法
2017年翻硕考研英译汉指导：三读翻译
法
一读最多只能花四分钟内面的30秒钟。一读的目的是拆分句子，即断句。
断句点有哪些?连词、介词、引导词。最好的断句方法是根据英语的语法来找出主句、从句，找出主语，找出谓语。
2007年
The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally legal learning has been viewed in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.
2017考研英语一翻译真题解析
2017考研英语一翻译真题解析
跨考教育英语教研室—王坤2017年考研英语一的翻译题型部分，整体来说难度不大，与2016年难度基本持平，考察的是英语语言发展情况，文章选自英国文化教育协会的一本书，叫《英语下一步》。英语一的考题是此书的序言部分。下面就是跨考英语教研室的英语老师对2017年考研英语一翻译真题的最新解析和参考译文。
(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
参考译文：但是，尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多，却仍然有迹象表明，英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的未来也许会慢慢衰退。
句子解析：本句很简单，主句是there be 结构，主句前是让步状语，signs 后面是that引导的同位语从句，对signs进行进一步的补充说明。同位语从句中是主谓结构，the global predominance of the language 是主语，may fade 是谓语，within结构是时间状语。expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思，而应该结合前面和它搭配的number，而选择“增加”的意思。
(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
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2017考研英语翻译重难点解析：反译法
一个问题有时可以从不同的角度来解释说明。有些句子英语是从正面说的，汉语可以从反面来解释。
1)否定译成肯定。
Eg：
I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last performance.每一次经过那家剧院，我都会想起他的最后一次演出。
Eg：
Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美国公民科盲日益严重，这种调查报告几乎月月都有。(双重否定)
2)肯定译成否定。
Eg：
Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不挨饿的权利。
Eg：
This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏使农业无法以高能量消耗、投入少数农民就可能获得高产的美国耕种方式继续下去了。
Eg：
The target is wrong，for in attacking the tests，critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
定语从句翻译法
1)合译法：把定语从句放在被修饰的词语之前，从而将英语复合句翻译成汉语单句。
Eg：
Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive U.S. aid.国会公布了关于接受美国援助的105个国家的****情况调查报告。
2)分译法：根据定语从句的不同情况，我们可以将其翻译成并列分句、其它从句或独立句等。
Eg：
Anyone who stops absorbing new knowledge is certain to lag behind.任何人如果停止吸取新知识，就肯定会落后。(译为条件状语从句)
The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats.罢工会使远洋航船不能靠岸，因为他们需要拖船的帮助。(译成原因状语从句)
A geological prospecting engineer who had made a spectral analysis of ores discovered a new open-cut coalmine.一位地质勘探工程师对光谱进行了分析之后，发现了新的露天煤矿。(译为时间状语结构)
The delivery of public services has tended to be an area where we decorate an obsolete process with technology.公共服务的提供方式已趋陈旧，这正是我们必须采用技术加以装备的领域。(译为并列分句)
We now live in a very new economy，a service economy，where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.现在我们正生活于一种全新的经济，即服务性经济中，各种关系越来越比物质产品更为重要。(译为并列分句)
主语从句翻译法
1)以that，what，who，where，whatever等代词引导的主语从句，可以将从句翻译成“的”字结构。
Eg：It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科学技术搞上去。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.凡是犯法的人都要受到法律的制裁。(主语从句与主句合译成简单句，按顺序译出)
2)也可以译成“主-谓-宾”结构，从句本身做句子的主语，其余部分按原文顺序译出。
Eg：
Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之)often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.政府究竟是以牺牲对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动的力量。
3)分译法：把原来的状语从句从整体结构中分离出来，译成另一个相对独立得单句。
Eg：
It has been rightly stated that this situation is a threat to international security.这个局势对国际安全是个威胁，这样的说法是完全正确的。(It是形式主语，that this situation is a threat to international security是真正的宾语)
宾语从句翻译法
由that, what, how, where等词引导的宾语从句一般按照原文顺序翻译，即顺译法。
Eg：
Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged.科学家们有理由认为人可以忍受远超过0.1雷姆的辐射而不受伤害。
Eg：
We wish to inform you that we specialize in the export of Chinese textiles and shall be glad to enter into business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我公司专门办理中国纺织品出口业务，并愿在平等互利的基础上同贵公司建立业务关系。
凯程教育祝广大考生2017年考研顺利，金榜题名!