高职大二英语课文翻译B
灵通高职高专英语读写译②课文翻译word资料21页
Unit 1 Text A大学生与债务在今天这个时代，大学生比以往任何时候都更容易申请到贷款。
但是，他们知道怎么管理他们的钱吗？他们准备好做出负责任的决定了吗？现金很快将成为过去的货币，而信用卡正在取而代之，这些问题是每个大学生将来都必须面临或解决的。
卡罗琳是一个二十四岁的大学毕业生，有着光明的前途。
然而，她却面临着如今许多前程似锦的大学生所面临的问题：学生债务。
现在有三分之二的大学毕业生完成学业时都背负着学生贷款。
这些联邦学生贷款数额平均为19000美元。
金钱使用不当，是不会让人享有自由的。
对于大学毕业生，特别是背负巨额债务的毕业生，这是需要吸取的惨痛教训。
债务有两种：良性债务和不良债务。
消费债务，或者说满足私欲的借贷，属于不良债务。
不良债务是可以通过消除生活中多余的需求来整合的。
选择正确的生活方式可以避免产生不良债务。
良性债务是指可以最终偿付的债务。
在某种程度上它帮助提高了个人的社会地位。
大学生活应该是学生成长和学习的美好时光。
这几年是学生学习管理金钱的最佳时间。
如果你是学生，请留心以下建议：不要花光所有的钱；不要同时透支多张信用卡。
使用一张信用卡，把消费量控制到最低。
每月付清信用卡账单。
如果你必须申请学生贷款，选择低利率的品种。
这些简单的规则也许无法解决你所有的经济问题，但从长远来看，它们将避免和消除大量的债务。
Unit 1 Text B要不要恋爱，这是个问题中国有一个古老的故事，一个凡人和一个仙女坠入爱河。
由于受到了诅咒，他们被拆散了。
但是他们朝夕相盼，直到有一天，天神动了恻隐之心，派鸟儿把凡人接到银河上，送他到了他心爱的人身边。
这是禁忌之爱的故事——凡人与神仙之间的爱情。
学生们很容易联想起这个古老的故事，因为他们也有着禁忌之爱——同学之间的恋情。
一天，我的一个学生走到我身边说：“学校担心班上同学之间谈恋爱。
”我仔细地听着。
“哦，真的吗？”我说，不知道该怎样看待这个问题。
“是真的，他们认为，如果我们和班上的同学谈恋爱，就会对我们的学习产生负面影响。
高职大二英语课文翻译
The First McDonald's RestaurantEven Even though the first McDonald's restaurant sold only hamburgers and French though the first McDonald's restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries , it still becam became e a cultural symbol.Now, in the Southern California city of Downey, people are trying to save the first McDonald's restaurant in history.McDonald's, though, says the building should be torn down.Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey, California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America, and has the earliest McDonald's building design. Many people have good memories of that old McDonald's.These people are angry that the building is now in danger of being destroyed , along with their memories.McDonald's explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake , and therefore needs to be torn down. Many people in the town of Downey don't agree with this line of thinking, though.One woman says, "I think it's terrible. They are using the earthquake as an excuse. It's a big lie."Another Downey resident remarks, "I am remarks, "I am so upset. They don't respect the so upset. They don't respect the public at all. They haven't even tried. They could do som at all. They haven't even tried. They could do some small repairs and m e small repairs and m e small repairs and make ake it a good restaurant again."McDonald's m anagers say the restaurant is losing money at that location . There is no room There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside.After the earthquake, for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside.After the earthquake, they say it was im they say it was impossible to fix.The m possible to fix.The m possible to fix.The managers want to build a copy of this building anagers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.Building inspectors , on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive. Many people say that McDonald's can certainly afford to pay that amount .Som .Some think that McDonald's e think that McDonald's real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with m wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money.oney.Modern McDonald's restaurants often have a sign claiming that a m that a man named an named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald's restaurant in Illinois in 1955. The truth, however , is that Mr . Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in ter McDonald in ter, Mr , Mr . Kroc bought their restaurants.Thus, m . Kroc bought their restaurants.Thus, many people in any people in Downey think McDonald's is trying to change history, though the com pany denies this.To local historians, this explanation m makes total sense.akes total sense.One historian said, "We should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonald's. The McDonald brothers did."These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonald's from tearing the building down. The McDonald's m anagers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.Everyone hopes that the McDonald's m Everyone hopes that the McDonald's managers and the people of Downey will anagers and the people of Downey will soon find peace . The building is still there, but boards cover the windows.Even so, people drive by to rem remember ember their McDonald's, taking pictures of a m oment in history before it gets taken away.第一家麦当劳餐馆虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，它还是成为了一种文化象征。
高职国际英语进阶综合教程第2册unit2课文原文和译文
高职国际英语进阶综合教程第2册unit2课文原文和译文Text A Office etiquetteOffice etiquette is something that helps you to get along with your colleagues even if you are not on friendly terms. It also helps you make sure that you don’t annoy people with bad habits or comments, and influences how your colleagues will respond to you when you need help. Most office etiquette is unwritten, but this does not mean you should ignore it. There are always codes of conduct that you must pay attention to, as will be made clear in the rest of the article.Be punctual. As a newcomer, you should arrive early, not just on the first day and don’t be the first to leave at the end of the day. Don’t be late for any appointment. It shows that you respect your colleagues’ time and, in return, they will respect your time, too.Respect other people’s privacy. Knock before you enter someone’s office and do not read any correspondence lying on somebody’s desk. If you need to discuss a private matter with a colleague, make sure nobody else can overhear you. Personal issues should not be made into a public topic.Don’t gossip or complain. Sharing professional information is good; gossiping is not. Gossip usually gets passed around quickly and can reflect poorly on you. Limit your comments about your co-workers to positive ones only. It does nothing but harm to complain about anyone, including your boss, your office mate or any co-workers.Don’t disturb others. Always apologise if you inter rupt a discussion, someone’s concentration or other activity. Be aware of how loudly you may be speaking. If people in other cubiclesor offices comment on your conversations, perhaps your voice is too loud. You should either close your office door or lower your voice.Be neat and clean. Take a shower regularly and wear appropriate office clothes. It shows respect for both your colleagues and clients and is a sign that you are professional. Keep your personal workspace clean and neat at all times, for a mes sy desk will make people think that you’re an unorganised person.Be polite to everyone.Smile a lot and be friendly. Treat your co-workers, cleaners, maintenance people and others with the same respect and politeness. Showappreciation for any help offered to you.Be considerate. Wash and return all kitchen items to their proper place and clean anything you have spilt. If you have used the last drop of milk, either tell the person responsible for supplies or buy a replacement. Leave the photocopier in working condition. Return the stapler that you borrowed with at least a few staples left inside. When you use up all the paper in the printer, put more in it for the next person. If a machine jams, try to undo the jam or to tell somebody about it.In short, office etiquette is about being respectful and polite in the office. It is an essential part of growing professionally and becoming a more mature person in the business world.译文：办公室礼仪办公室礼仪能帮助你与同事和睦相处（哪怕关系未必融洽），让你确保自己不因为坏习惯或不当的言论而惹恼别人，进而影响你的同事在你需要帮助时的反应。
Unit高职英语课文及翻译
Unit 1 Text A College—A Transition Point in My Life1 When I first entered college as a freshman, I was afraid thatI was not able to do well in my studies. I was afraid of being off by myself, away from my family for the first time. Here I was surrounded by people I did not know and who did not know me.I would have to make friends with them and perhaps also compete with them for grades in courses I would take. Were they smarter than I was Could I keep up with them Would they accept me2 I soon learned that my life was now up to me. I had to set a study program if I wanted to succeed in my courses. I had to regulate the time I spent studying and the time I spent socializing. I had to decide when to go to bed, when and what to eat, when and what to drink, and with whom to be friendly. These questions I had to answer for myself.3 At first, life was a bit difficult. I made mistakes in how I used my time. I spent too much time making friends. I also made some mistakes in how I chose my first friends in college.4 Shortly, however, I had my life under control. I managed to go to class on time, do my first assignments and hand them in, and pass my first exams with fairly good grades. In addition, I made a few friends with whom I felt comfortable and with whom I could share my fears. I set up a routine that was really my own — a routine that met my needs.5 As a result, I began to look upon myself from a different perspective. I began to see myself as a person responsible formyself and responsible for my friends and family. It felt good tomake my own decisions and see those decisions turn out to be wiseones. I guess that this is all part of what people call “growingup.”6 What did life have in store for me At that stage in my life,I really was not certain where I would ultimately go in life andwhat I would do with the years ahead of me. But I knew that Iwould be able to handle what was ahead because I had successfullyjumped this important hurdle in my life: I had made the transitionfrom a person dependent on my family for emotional support to aperson who was responsible for myself.大学——我一生中(de)转折点作为一名一年级新生初进大学时,我害怕自己在学业上搞不好.我害怕独自一人在外,因为我是第一次远离家人.在这里,周围都是我不认识(de)人,而他们也不认识我.我得和他们交朋友,或许还得在我要学(de)课程上跟他们在分数上进行竞争.他们比我更聪明吗我跟得上他们吗他们会接受我吗我很快就认识到,我(de)生活现在就取决于我自己了.如果我要在学业上取得成功,我就必须制定一份学习计划.我必须调整花在学习上(de)时间和花在社交上(de)时间.我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉,什么时候吃什么,什么时候喝什么,对什么人表示友好.这些问题我都得自己回答.开始时,生活有点艰难.我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误.我在交朋友上花(de)时间太多了.我还在怎样选择大学里(de)第一批朋友上犯了一些错误.然而不久,我就控制住了自己(de)生活.我做到了按时上课,完成并交上了第一批作业,而且以相当好(de)成绩通过了前几次考试.此外,我还交了一些朋友,跟他们在一起我感到很自在,我能把我担心(de)事告诉他们.我建立了一种真正属于我自己(de)常规——一种满足了我(de)需要(de)常规.结果,我开始从一个不同(de)视角看待我自己了.我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责(de)人.凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智(de)决定,这种感觉很好.我猜想这就是人们所说(de)“成长”(de)一部分吧.我未来(de)生活将会怎样呢在人生(de)这一阶段,我真(de)不能确定我(de)人生之路最终将会走向何方,我真(de)不知道在以后(de)几年中我会做什么.但我知道,我能应对未来,因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中(de)这一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持(de)人向一个对自己负责(de)人(de)过渡.Unit 2 Text A He Helped the Blind1 Blind and wanting to read — those were the realities of Louis Braille’s life. The desire to read easily led to the Braille system. January 4 is Braille Day. That day honors the blind. Butwe should also remember Louis and what he achieved by age 15.2 Louis Braille was born on January 4, 1809, in France. He lived with his parents, two older sisters, and one older brother in a small, stone house in Coupvray.3 Three-year-old Louis went to his father’s workshop. Louis’s father was a saddle maker who made items out of leather. Imitating his father, Louis tried to cut a piece of leather with a small knife. His hand slipped, and the point of the knife went into his eye. The doctors took care of him the best they could, but the injured eye got infected. Then the infection spread to his good eye. Louis became blind.4 Louis went to a public school and learned by listening to the teacher. To do his homework, his sister and a friend read the assignments to him. Soon Louis was at the top of his class.5 One day, the pastor of Louis’s church came to Louis’s house and told his parents of a school for the blind in Paris. Louis’s parents decided to send him to the school when he was nine years old.6 Louis wanted very much to read. The school had only 14 books for blind people; the books were big and heavy. The letters were large and raised; one book took a long time to read. Louis thought there must be a better way to read.7 When Louis was 12, Charles Barbier, a French Army officer, came to the school. Barbier developed an alphabet code used by army soldiers. The code was used to deliver messages to the soldiers at night. It was made up of dots and dashes. It kept the messages secret even if the enemy would see them, but the code was too complicated for the blind. Louis thought the code was slow and the dashes took up too much space. Only one or two sentences fit on a page.8 Over the next three years, Louis worked to simplify the code. On a vacation at home, Louis, age 15, picked up a blunt awl. Aha An idea came to him. He made the alphabet using only six dots. Different dots were raised for different letters. Later, he madea system for numbers and music.9 Today, Braille is in nearly every language around the world. Louis Braille, at age 15, changed the lives of blind people when he created the six-dot Braille system. It is fitting that January 4, Louis’s birthday, is considered Braille Day, in honor of the blind.他帮助了盲人眼睛瞎了而又想读书——这就是路易·布莱叶(de)生活现实.想顺利进行阅读(de)愿望导致了布莱叶盲字体系(de)产生.1月4日是布拉耶日.这一节日是向盲人表示敬意.我们还应该记住路易和他在15岁时取得(de)成就.路易·布莱叶于1809年1月4日生于法国.他与父母、两个姐姐和一个哥哥住在库普弗雷一幢小小(de)石头房子里.3岁(de)路易去了父亲(de)作坊.路易(de)父亲是个鞍具制作商,他用皮革制作各种鞍具.路易学着父亲(de)样子,试着用小刀割一块皮革.他(de)手一滑,刀尖就戳进了眼睛.医生们竭尽全力为他医治,但那只受伤(de)眼睛受到了感染.后来感染传给了他那只好(de)眼睛.路易变成了盲人.路易进了一所公立学校,通过听老师讲课进行学习.为了做作业,他(de)姐姐和一个朋友把作业读给他听.很快路易便成了班里(de)尖子生.一天,教会(de)牧师来到路易家,告诉他(de)父母, 巴黎有一所盲童学校.路易(de)父母决定把他送到那所学校去,当时他是9岁.路易12岁时,一位法国军官查尔斯·巴比埃来到了学校.巴比埃研制出一种供军队士兵使用(de)字母电码.这种电码被用来在夜间向士兵发送信息.它由点和划组成.即使敌人看到信息,电码也能使它们保密.但这种电码对盲人来说太复杂了.路易认为这种电码使用起来太慢,而那些划也太占地方.一页纸只容得下一两句句子.在以后(de)三年中,路易一直在做着简化电码(de)工作.在家中度假(de)一天,15岁(de)路易捡起了一把钝锥子.啊哈他突然想到了一个主意.他只用6个点就做出了字母表.他用不同(de)凸点代表不同(de)字母.后来,他又为数字和音乐编制了一个体系.今天,布莱叶盲字已用于全世界几乎每一种语言.路易·布莱叶在15岁时创造了六圆点布莱叶体系从而改变了盲人(de)生活.把布莱叶(de)生日1月4日定为向盲人表示敬意(de)布莱叶日是非常恰当(de).Unit 3 Text A Thanks, Mom, for All You Have Done1 We tend to get caught up in everyday business and concerns and forget some of the things that are most important. Too few of us stop and take the time to say “thank you” to our mothers.2 With a letter to my mother on the occasion of Mother’s Day, I’m going to take a minute to reflect. Feel free to use any of this in greeting your own mother on Sunday, May 10. Happy Mother’s Day to all.Dear Mom,3 This letter, I know, is long past due. I kn ow you’ll forgive the tardiness, you always do.4 There are so many reasons to say thank you, it’s hard to begin. I’ll always remember you were there when you were needed.5 When I was a child, as happens with young boys, there were cuts and bumps and scrapes that always felt better when tended by you.6 You kept me on the straight path, one I think I still walk.7 There was nothing quite so humbling as standing outside my elementary school classroom and seeing you come walking down the hall. You were working at the school and I often managed to get sentoutside class for something. Your chiding was gentle, but right tothe point.8 I also remember that even after I grew bigger than you,you weren’t afraid to remind me who was in charge.For that I thankyou.9 You did all the things that mothers do — the laundry, thecooking and cleaning —all without complaint or objection.But you were never too busy to help with a problem, or just givea hand.10 You let me learn the basics in the kitchen, and duringthe time I was on my own it kept me from going hungry.11 You taught by example and for that I am grateful. Ican see how much easier it is with my own daughter to be the bestmodel I can be. You did that for me.12 Your children are grown now, your grandchildren,almost. You can look back with pride now and know you can rest. Asmothers are judged, you stand with the best.13 God bless you, Mom.谢谢你,妈妈,为了你所做(de)一切我们往往被日常事务缠住而忘记一些最为重要(de)事情.我们极少有人停下来花时间对我们(de)母亲说一声“谢谢你” .我准备在母亲节之际花一点时间给母亲写封信反省一下.在5月10日星期天问候你(de)母亲时请随意用这封信中任何句子.祝大家母亲节快乐.亲爱(de)妈妈：我知道,这封信早就该写了.我知道你会原谅我(de)拖沓,你总是这样(de).有很多很多理由要说谢谢你,真不知从何说起.我会永远记住,每当需要你时,你总是在那儿.我小(de)时候,如同所有(de)小男孩一样,身上总有些割破(de)伤口、碰撞造成(de)肿块和擦伤,但有你照料总感到好一些.你使我一直走在正路上,我认为这仍是我在走(de)路.最为丢脸(de)事莫过于站在我小学(de)课堂外看到你沿着走廊走过来.你在学校里工作,而我竟然常常因为犯事被赶出教室.你(de)责备很和婉,但却非常中肯.我还记得,即使在我长得比你高大以后,你也不怕提醒我谁是家里(de)主管.为此我感谢你.母亲们做(de)事你都做了,洗衣服、烧饭、打扫卫生,而且毫无怨言、毫无异议.然而即使再忙你也总能帮着我做习题,或助我一臂之力.你让我学会了厨房里(de)基本功,这使我在独自一人时不致挨饿.你以身作则,身教重于言教,对此我非常感激.我能看到我多么容易就成了自己女儿(de)最佳楷模.你为我做出了榜样.你(de)孩子们现在都已成人,你孩子们(de)孩子也差不多都已长大.你现在可以自豪地回顾过去,而且知道自己可以休息了.要是对母亲们进行评价,你当立于最佳母亲之列.愿上帝保佑你,妈妈.。
高职职业英语 读写教程2 课文翻译
有所不同，因此各方都有必要了解对方的谈判风格。娴 熟的谈判者通常会细心倾听，并提出针对性问题。他们 关心的不只是对方的话语，还有对方在表达时所流露出 的情感。 处理争端和作出有效的讨价还价是谈判中最重要的 一个环节。一些谈判者很容易在谈判中带入个人情绪， 导致谈判陷入僵局；而另一些谈判者则以较积极的态度 进行交流。在谈判过程中，谈判各方需要采取不同的谈 判技巧，如施加压力、设立条件、甚至是满足对方要求 以谋求自己的利益。 谈判的最后一个阶段是结束会谈，双方需要作总结 陈词，达成一定共识，并与对方道别。谈判的结果通常 是出现“一赢一输”或“双赢”局面。“一赢一输”的 谈判通常会有一方是赢家，另一方是输家，因为一方的 利益的损失总会带来另一方的盈利。然而，“双赢”谈 判将谈判看作是一种长期的开放性的关系的一部分，谈 判双方各自作出一点让步，便能使双方都能从中获益。 back
5．保持企业文化，尊重与合法的商业关系一致的自由 表达，鼓励良好企业公民义务，对公司所在的社区作 出积极的贡献，为道德行为被承认、被重视并且被员 工所践行的社区做贡献。 采用这些法则和行动守则是自愿的。鼓励公司形成 适合自己特殊境况的行为守则。很多公司已经应用包 括这些法则的申明和守则。公司应该找到适当的方法 把他们采取的与这些法则有关的行为告之他们的股东 和公众。根据这些法则公司不可以采取违背所在国家 法律的行为。 商业原则与道德守则要求任何在这种法规下的报告 和投诉都应该在公平、诚实和正直的原则下得到处理。 不服从上述的程序可以报告给美国商务部国际贸易 管理局。公司将不可以因为员工报告、投诉或者为了 寻找帮助而对其施行报复或采取与员工对立的行为。 任何违反法则或道德准则的公司应立即受到惩戒。
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3. 商品交易会 另一个寻找新客户和业务伙伴的有效方法是充 分利用商品交易会的机会。每年在中国都会举办各 种交易会，如中国进出口交易会（广州）、中国国 际消费品交易会、中国国际中小企业博览会等。这 些交易会给你提供大量机会寻找到潜在的客户和业 务伙伴。 此外，你可以很好地利用网络寻找你的业务伙 伴。通过网络你可以找到大量商业信息，如有关产 品、制造商、购买需求等信息；你也可以找到有关 各种博览会、交易会、以及你可能参加的与行业相 关的会议等有价值的信息。另一方面，你可以在网 络上发布你的产品和服务信息，以便有兴趣的客户 可以了解到你并与你联系。这些都是你可以抓住的 建立新的业务关系的良好机会。
大二英语文章翻译
母亲放下手中的针线活，和他同坐在一条凳子上，然后我哥哥也快缓步走向钢琴。
最后，不太能唱歌却能拉拉小提琴的我也凑热闹唱了一两句。
一向体贴人的父亲说：“你看，你也可以唱的，宝贝。唱得很好。”
我常常记得成长的过程中感受到的温暖、幸福和关爱。
虽然我花了好些年才知道，家人的爱不是凭空产生的。叶
我们常常未经深思熟虑就向某人说“再见”，结果付出了非常昂贵的感情代价。
我曾经认识一对父子，他们被各自的生活困难困扰，多年来距离越拉越远，结果相互间几乎没话可说，
而相互间没了依靠，他们的生活变得空虚。
儿子大学毕业后的那个夏天，打算开着黄色老卡车到连通全国的双车道公路上周游一番（那时还没有免费高速公路）。
本来我们想让他知道，无论世上有多难的事情，总是有人来关心他。
现在反倒是提醒了我们自己。
对于吉米来说，我们唱歌时的爱心，是他心中额外的礼物，但是他原先更想看到的，是别人再次感到快乐。
有如父亲的去世一夜之间改变了吉米的世界，9·11也改变了我们的生活；我们熟悉的世界不复存在了。
但是，当我们为吉米唱歌，相互紧拥，祈祷全球和平时，我们也意识到，朋友、家人间永恒的爱和支持可以让我们克服生活中的任何困难。
他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。
所以，父亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。
他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。
通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。
我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。
高职英语2课文翻译
Unit31.It’s important to know your objectives on a business trip, and to set out with those goals in mind and how toaccomplish them. But along the way, something rather amazing happens when you travel on business. You may go to some pretty amazing places, and get chances to see things you would have never sought out on your own.翻译：了解出差的目的，出发时牢记目标并清楚如何达成目标，这些都是很重要的。
但在途中也会发生一些有趣的事情。
你可能会去到一些令人惊叹的地方，有机会看到你自己可能永远都发现不了的东西。
2.Business trips don’t have to be all about business. There are times when you have completed your work andyou can take in some of the local color, attractions and good food. The first resource to find out what is really cool to enjoy in the city or town you are visiting is the locals. If you go to a faraway town to conduct business with a partner or vendor, they are often more than happy to show you the lay of the land and what is fun to see and do in the town.翻译：商务旅行不必都是生意。
大学英语第二册textB翻译
1.Appalled by what their children spend on candy and video games(or,rather,appalled by the degree to which their children’s overspending seems to mimic their own),parents devise ways to lock up their children’s resources.当家长们为自己的孩子在糖果，电子游戏上的花费震惊之时（或者更确切地说，当他们震惊于孩子们对其自身的超支行为竭力模仿之时），他们想出办法把孩子们的钱存起来不让用。
pounded,that works out to an annual rate of more than 70 per cent.以复利计算，年息超过70%。
3.I give them unlimited access to their funds,no questions asked,and I provide printed statements on demand.我给予他们对自己资金的完全使用权，不做任何询问，我还随时根据要求提供打印的账单。
4.The only way to teach kids to adopt a long-term perspective is to give them a short-term incentive for doing so.唯一能教孩子采用长远观点看问题的途径就是给孩子们短期的甜头，并激励他们为此去努力。
5.I think that skill with one’s own hands---whether it’s tilling the soil, building a house, making a piece of furniture,playing a violin or painting ---is something that doesn’t change with t he ups and down of life.我认为手艺---不管是耕地，造房子，做家具，拉小提琴，还是画画---是不会因生活的起起落落而改变的。
高职英语第二册二三单元课文翻译
•青少年开始创业•埃里克·塞斯莱维兹在过去的两个月内兜售生意。
面对萧条的职场前景，这位18岁的少年已把自己对打击乐器的热情转移到赚钱的冒险中。
•这位俄亥俄州米尔福德市的高三学生建立了一个网站，来促销他作为乐鼓教练的服务项目，印刷商业名片，并宣传说他已开张营业。
•他有8名学生，年龄从8岁到50岁不等。
他希望每个月通过上课能够获得400美元的收入，而且通过演出挣更多的钱。
•在日渐萎缩的就职机会中，很多同龄人也在呼应自己内心想当一个实业家的梦想。
倡导小型企业管理部门办公室说，2006年龄在25岁以下的自主创业者有49. 2万人。
但专家说由于工作岗位短缺，今年这个数字可能会上升。
•目前严峻的就业市场已经使得更多孩子签约于像国际青年成就组织和美国国家创业指导基金会这样指导年轻人的团体所提供的创业项目。
“孩子们都积极思考开始自己创业，”国际成就组织美国主席杰克·库塞库维斯基说。
•“这或许是出于需要，因为没有很多就业岗位。
但他们还看到那些对公司忠心耿耿多年的家长和其他成年人一一被解雇，因此这些孩子或许在思考，‘嗨。
或许我自己当老板情况就会好得多。
’”•很多自主创业的孩子将利用他们的经营来积攒一些暑假的开销资金，但这些刚成立的公司可能会发展成规模更大的公司。
•作为一名10多岁的青少年，汤米·希绯格在他的家乡纽约州埃尔迈拉城销售定做的衣服。
微软专家比尔·盖茨在上高中时就参与创建了一个针对交通量调查的数据公司。
•今天，就让我们看看利安娜·阿彻和贾斯敏·劳伦斯吧。
作为一名初中生，13岁的阿彻经常被问到她在长长的黑发上经常使用什么产品。
她不久开始销售纯天然的护发素，它来自一个家庭秘方。
她于2005年在纽约州中伊斯力普市的家中正式创办了利安娜公司。
•生意做得很好，她卖的护发和保健品系列产品已超过12种。
她的网站是www．1eannashair．tom。
丹·布瑞斯追特公司的一份报告估计它的年销售收入为14万美元。
高职高专实用英语Unit 2课文+译文
Unit 2TrackThe track on a railway is the structure consisting of the rails, fasteners, sleepers and ballast . Notwithstanding modern technical developments, the overwhelmingly dominant track form worldwide consists of flat-bottom steel rails supported on timber or pre-stressed concrete sleepers, which are themselves laid on crushed stone ballast.Most railroads with heavy traffic use continuously welded rails supported by sleepers. Timber sleepers are of many available timbers, and are often treated with creosote, or other wood preservative. Pre-stressed concrete sleepers are often used where timber is scarce and where tonnage or speeds are high. Steel is used in some applications.The track ballast is customarily crushed stone, and the purpose of this is to support the ties and allow some adjustment of their position, while allowing free drainage.A disadvantage of traditional track structures is the heavy demand for maintenance. Weakness of the subgrade and drainage deficiencies also lead to heavy maintenance costs. This can be overcome by using ballastless track. In its simplest form this consists of a continuous slab of concrete (like a highway structure) with the rails supported directly on its upper surface .However ballastless track is very expensive in first cost. Its whole life cost can be lower because of the great reduction in maintenance requirement. Ballastless track is usually considered for new very high speed or very high loading routes.For much of the 20th century, rail track used softwood timber ties and jointed rails. The rails were typically of flat bottom section fastened to the ties with dogspikes through a flat tieplate. Jointed rails were used, at first because the technology did not offer any alternative. However the intrinsic weakness in resistingvertical loading results in the ballast support becoming depressed and a heavy maintenance workload is imposed to prevent unacceptable geometrical defects at the joints. The joints also required to be lubricated, and wear at the fishplate (joint bar) mating surfaces needed to be rectified by shimming. For this reason jointed track is not financially appropriate for heavily operated railroads.译文轨道铁路轨道是由铁轨、紧固件、枕木和道渣组成的结构。
高职职业英语 读写教程2 课文翻译
BOOK 2
UNIT 2
建立业务关系 在开创自己的业务时，最重要的就是创建业务关 系。你必须找到新的客户和业务伙伴。下列几种方法 你可以一试。 1. 广泛联系 广泛联系，意即你可以通过联系到每一个可能的 家庭、社团、或组织机构来寻找新的客户和业务伙伴。 你可以通过发电子邮件、亲自上门拜访、邮寄名片或 公司彩页等方式联系他们。 2. 广告宣传 广告宣传，意即你可以通过做广告寻找到你的目 标客户。你可以在报纸上、网络上、或通过促销活动 进行广告。你可以把广告派发给你的目标客户并且吸 引他们到目标区域的产品推介点，在那儿你可以介绍 和演示你的产品。
BOOK 2
UNIT 4
如何选择展会 现代社会里什么样的展会都有。如何选择展会， 关键是要清楚你自己的目标，只有这样，才能保证 参展给你带来最大的价值。 1. 寻找合适的产品或服务 如果你找的是一个具体的产品，选择一个拥有最多 出售你欲购买产品的卖方的展会将会给你带来更多 的选择和更大的选择范围。 2. 为你的产品或服务寻找买家 如果你想出售产品，清楚了解谁是你的买家将会 对你有所帮助。例如，假设你们是一家专业经营壁 炉的公司，在国内壁炉展会布展的话，你就必须跟 所有其他参展的壁炉商竞争。而在酒类产品展上， 你能瞄准相同的客户，竞争却少多了。正如你知道 的那样，你的产品不一定要符合会展的主题，仅需 要符合顾客要求。
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3. 商品交易会 另一个寻找新客户和业务伙伴的有效方法是充 分利用商品交易会的机会。每年在中国都会举办各 种交易会，如中国进出口交易会（广州）、中国国 际消费品交易会、中国国际中小企业博览会等。这 些交易会给你提供大量机会寻找到潜在的客户和业 务伙伴。 此外，你可以很好地利用网络寻找你的业务伙 伴。通过网络你可以找到大量商业信息，如有关产 品、制造商、购买需求等信息；你也可以找到有关 各种博览会、交易会、以及你可能参加的与行业相 关的会议等有价值的信息。另一方面，你可以在网 络上发布你的产品和服务信息，以便有兴趣的客户 可以了解到你并与你联系。这些都是你可以抓住的 建立新的业务关系的良好机会。
高职国际英语2课文翻译沃尔沃
高职国际英语2课文翻译沃尔沃翻译：办公室礼节办公室礼节是帮助你与同事相处的东西，即使你的关系不友好。
它还可以帮助你确保你不会用坏习惯或评论惹恼别人，并影响同事在你需要帮助时如何回应你。
大多数办公室礼仪都是不成文的，但这并不意味着你应该忽视它。
总有一些行为准则是你必须注意的，这将在本文的其余部分中阐明。
？要准时。
作为一名新来者，你应该提前到达，而不仅仅是在第一天，也不要在一天结束时第一个离开。
约会不要迟到。
这表明你尊重同事的时间，作为回报，他们也会尊重你的时间。
？尊重他人的隐私。
在你进入某人的办公室之前敲门，不要看别人桌子上的任何信件。
如果你需要和同事讨论一件私事，确保没有人能无意中听到。
个人问题不应该成为公共话题。
？不要八卦或抱怨。
分享专业信息很好；八卦不是。
流言蜚语通常传播得很快，会给你带来负面影响。
把你对同事的评论限制在积极的方面。
抱怨任何人都是有害的，包括你的老板、同事或任何同事。
？不要打扰别人。
如果你打断了一场讨论、某人的注意力或其他活动，一定要道歉。
注意你说话的声音。
如果其他隔间或办公室的人对你的谈话发表评论，可能是你的声音太大了。
你要么关上办公室的门，要么小声点。
？保持整洁。
定期淋浴，穿上合适的办公服。
这表明你对同事和客户的尊重，也表明你很专业。
始终保持你的个人工作空间干净整洁，因为凌乱的办公桌会让人觉得你是一个没有条理的人。
？对每个人都要有礼貌。
多微笑，多友善。
以同样的尊重和礼貌对待你的同事、清洁工、维修人员和其他人。
大学英语二课文翻译（整理后）
选词填空Unit1大学已经不再特别了有这么一种说法：“要是你能记得20世纪60年代的任何事情，你就没有真正经历过那段岁月。
”对于在大麻烟雾中度过大学时光的那些人，这话可能是真的。
但是，20世纪60年代有一件事人人都记得，那就是：上大学是你一生中最激动人心、最刺激的经历。
20世纪60年代，加州的高校把本州变成了世界第七大经济实体。
然而，加州大学的主校园伯克利分校也以学生示威、罢课以及激进的政治氛围而著名。
1966年，罗纳德·里根竞选加州州长，他问加州是否允许“一所伟大的大学被喧闹的、唱反调的少数人征服”。
自由派人士回答说，大学之所以伟大正是因为它们有能力容忍喧闹的、唱反调的少数人。
在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投入到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。
许多抗议是针对越南战争的。
可是在法国，巴黎大学索邦神学院的学生与工会联盟发动了一场大罢工，最终导致戴高乐总统下台。
20世纪60年代大学生活的特点并不仅仅是激进的行动。
不论在什么地方，上大学都意味着你初次品尝真正自由的滋味，初次品尝深更半夜在宿舍或学生活动室里讨论人生意义的滋味。
你往往得上了大学才能阅读你的第一本禁书，看你的第一部独立影人电影，或者找到和你一样痴迷吉米·亨德里克斯或兰尼·布鲁斯的志同道合者。
那是一段难以想象的自由时光，你一生中最无拘无束的时光。
可如今那份激情哪儿去了？大学怎么了？现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。
当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。
例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010年让50％的30岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。
不过，大学教育已不再是全民重视的话题了。
如今，大学被视为人们急于逃离的一种小镇。
有些人辍学，但大多数已经有些麻木，还是坚持混到毕业，因为离开学校实在是太费事了。
高职大二英语课文翻译B
Disney Mirrors American CultureLast fall, the Walt Disney Company did something rare: it admitted defeat in its fight to build a history theme park in Virginia.The park was going to be called "Disney's America".Some people might be wondering, however, if Disney lost the battle but won the war, as it seems everyone is living in Disney's America these days.With its purchase of Capital Cities/ABC Inc. last month, the company founded by Walter Elias Disney in 1923 deepened its claim on American culture. In fact, it would be hard to find another company so widely respected—even loved—by Americans.Americans rush out to see Disney films, and then replay them—on videotapes; they read Disney books to their children;they watch Disney shows on Disney TV;they make trips to Disneyland and Disney World, where they stay in Disney hotels and eat Disney food;Americans buy Disney products at Disney stores, and listen to Disney records of Disney songs.The world of Disney is becoming anything but small.All this makes some people more than a little upset. Harold Bloom, a professor at Yale University, provides an examination of the cultural history of Western society."At the end of this road lies cultural uniformity of the worst kind. It's just terrible."This is becoming a popular opinion in universities around the world."Disney products," said Paul Fussell, a professor of English at the University of Pennsylvania, "have always seemed to me seriously sub-adult."Those who oppose Disney (and there are many) see its films and by-products as sexist, racist and as simpler, cheered-up accounts of American history and folklore."There's a kind of protection at work here," said Henry Giroux, a professor at Penn State University. Like all those opposed to Disney, he can list, in detail, Disney's many crimes against culture:he is very angry, for example, about the treatment of American Indians in Pocahontas."I mean, the entire history of what happened to the Indians, which some people would call the murder of their people, is sort of played out as a love story," he said angrily.Giroux said he believes that Disney has become a basic educator of America's children, most of whom will be able to perform every word of The Lion King long before they even learn US President Abraham Lincoln's historic Gettysburg Address.However, even the most strongly opposed are quick to note that Disney has many positive values—cheerfulness, good-hearted fun, and a tradition of artistic quality—that help explain its success. Critical or not, most of those who oppose the company are Disney customers themselves.迪斯尼——美国文化的一面镜子去年秋天，沃尔特·迪斯尼公司做了一件罕见的事情：它承认自己争取在弗吉尼亚州建造一个历史主题公园的努力失败了。
大二英语(下)课文翻译
大二英语（下）课文翻译1A.无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？----------------------------------------------------------------------- 在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次"约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道："父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为"无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为"家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就"顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种"无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
大学英语二部分textB翻译
Children and Money David Owen找到一种办法教给孩子们明白钱的价值，可以是一个问题。
然而解决方案，大卫·欧文暗示的很简单--只需打开一家银行。
说比做容易吗？哦，看上去不那么困难，听起来，你会发现在阅读有关戴夫第一国民银行。
儿童和钱戴维·欧文父母决定的时候了通常教孩子们的钱先打开储蓄账户。
由银行支付他们的什么都不做的概念的起初吸引了孩子们，但他们的热情就会消失，当他们意识到的利率是很小，此外，他们的父母不打算向他们授予他们的主体的访问权限。
一个孩子，一个储蓄帐户是只是一个黑洞汹涌的生日检查。
孩子："奶奶给我二十五美元！"父："真好。
我们将会把该检查直接进入你的储蓄账户。
"孩子："但她给了我！我想要它！"父："噢，它就仍然是你。
你只是要将其保存在银行，以便它可以增长。
"孩子（可疑）："你什么意思的'成长'？"父："嗯，如果你离开你二十五美元在银行一年，银行将支付你七十五美分。
如果你离开这一切都在银行里还有一年，银行会给你另一个七十五美分，加上除了两个半更多美分。
这个就叫做复利。
它将帮助您去上大学。
"在上述的主要缺陷储蓄计划是没有什么是他们为孩子们。
学院是千年之久，和他们觉得他们无论如何将尽快呆家里。
事实上，这类计划的真正目的是通常不以促进节约而是要防止消费。
他们的孩子在糖果和视频游戏的花而感到震惊（或者相反，震惊的孩子们的超支似乎模仿他们自己的程度），父母设法锁定了孩子们的资源。
毫不奇怪，孩子们很快决定大笔款项并不是真正的钱和所有的现金应立即花或隐藏在抽屉里。
为避免此问题，我的两个孩子，我开始了我自己的银行。
这被称为第一国家银行的戴夫。
我为每个孩子，使用相同的计算机程序，我用来跟踪我的支票簿设置一个帐户。
因为我希望我的孩子的存款增长速度，使他们的注意力，我提供有吸引力的利率5%一个月。
新职业英语通用版第二册课文翻译
Unit 2 Text A 会议关乎宝贵的时间会议已经拖拖拉拉开了一个多小时，我们正在讨论如何提高生产效率的提案。
这时，最能言善道的同事插话说需要某种制度来激励员工。
每次会上，不管讨论什么问题，他都会提出同一个方案。
紧接着，另一位同事长篇累牍地说明我们都不是提出这些建议的合适人选。
我也没说啥有用的。
最后，召集会议的女同事宣布散会，并告知下周继续开会。
我们游荡回各自的办公室，盘算着怎样才能把浪费的时间补回来。
这是多年前的一次会议，但类似的情景仍然随时随地在不同公司上演。
这种会议的问题部分在于会议召集人没有明确的目标或议程，也没有布置好会前的准备工作，而是寄希望于奇迹发生，带来解决问题的方法。
当然，奇迹从未发生。
会议之所以效率不高，主要是因为没有很好地珍惜时间。
召开和参加会议的人都没有将时间当做最宝贵的资源。
但时间是世上最易逝的东西。
忙碌的一天中你无法得到额外的一个小时来做事。
尽管如此，我们还总是依稀觉得未来有大把时间，故而不珍惜当下，漫不经心地把家庭、朋友和自己的时间浪费掉。
过去，我开会时参与度不高，对要解决的问题有好想法却不说。
现在，我采取更积极的态度，希望会议能更有效。
我遵循以下三个简单的原则。
第一，无论谁召集会议，都必须明确目的。
这意味着说明会议的切实目标并将任务布置下去。
第二，每个人都要仔细考虑会议成本：到底需要几人参加？要开多久？最后，会议结束后，要给会议负责人评评分。
如果谁有开会效率低的记录，那么下次他就不能再担任召集人。
我知道会议还有其他作用。
有时，在会上大家可以讨论预定方案，确保其没有致命错误并给那些有异议的人一个表达心声的机会。
有些会议则有人文功能，创造机会让与会者叙叙旧、交交新朋友，并增强归属感。
这些倒是能为那些冗长而明显无效的会议找到些许召集的理由。
但是，千万不要随随便便就召集会议，然后心存幻想，期待奇迹出现。
不管会议目标是什么，都要负起责任去达成目标。
Text B董事会会议纪要摩登技术公司2010 年1 月22 日星期五摩登技术公司（以下简称“摩登技术”）董事会（以下简称“董事会”）例行会议于2010 年1 月22 日星期五召开。
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Disney Mirrors American CultureLast fall, the Walt Disney Company did something rare: it admitted defeat in its fight to build a history theme park in Virginia.The park was going to be called "Disney's America".Some people might be wondering, however, if Disney lost the battle but won the war, as it seems everyone is living in Disney's America these days.With its purchase of Capital Cities/ABC Inc. last month, the company founded by Walter Elias Disney in 1923 deepened its claim on American culture. In fact, it would be hard to find another company so widely respected—even loved—by Americans.Americans rush out to see Disney films, and then replay them—on videotapes; they read Disney books to their children;they watch Disney shows on Disney TV;they make trips to Disneyland and Disney World, where they stay in Disney hotels and eat Disney food;Americans buy Disney products at Disney stores, and listen to Disney records of Disney songs.The world of Disney is becoming anything but small.All this makes some people more than a little upset. Harold Bloom, a professor at Yale University, provides an examination of the cultural history of Western society."At the end of this road lies cultural uniformity of the worst kind. It's just terrible."This is becoming a popular opinion in universities around the world."Disney products," said Paul Fussell, a professor of English at the University of Pennsylvania, "have always seemed to me seriously sub-adult."Those who oppose Disney (and there are many) see its films and by-products as sexist, racist and as simpler, cheered-up accounts of American history and folklore."There's a kind of protection at work here," said Henry Giroux, a professor at Penn State University. Like all those opposed to Disney, he can list, in detail, Disney's many crimes against culture:he is very angry, for example, about the treatment of American Indians in Pocahontas."I mean, the entire history of what happened to the Indians, which some people would call the murder of their people, is sort of played out as a love story," he said angrily.Giroux said he believes that Disney has become a basic educator of America's children, most of whom will be able to perform every word of The Lion King long before they even learn US President Abraham Lincoln's historic Gettysburg Address.However, even the most strongly opposed are quick to note that Disney has many positive values—cheerfulness, good-hearted fun, and a tradition of artistic quality—that help explain its success. Critical or not, most of those who oppose the company are Disney customers themselves.迪斯尼——美国文化的一面镜子去年秋天，沃尔特·迪斯尼公司做了一件罕见的事情：它承认自己争取在弗吉尼亚州建造一个历史主题公园的努力失败了。
公园原本打算命名为“迪斯尼美国公园”。
不过，有些人会这样想，迪斯尼只不过是输了一次战斗，但赢了一场战争，这是因为，这些年来人人似乎都生活在迪斯尼的美国。
随着迪斯尼公司在上月购买了美国广播公司大都会电视台网之后，这家由沃尔特·伊莱亚斯·迪斯尼在1923年创建的公司进一步代表了美国文化。
确实，很难再找出另一家公司像迪斯尼这样受到美国人如此普遍的尊敬，甚至可以说普遍的热爱。
美国人争着去看迪斯尼拍的电影，然后再重看电影录像；他们给孩子念迪斯尼的故事；他们在迪斯尼电视频道上观看迪斯尼节目；他们去迪斯尼乐园和迪斯尼世界游玩，在那儿他们住的是迪斯尼饭店，吃的是迪斯尼食品；美国人还在迪斯尼商店里购买迪斯尼商品，耳边听的是迪斯尼歌曲唱片。
迪斯尼的世界可真不小啊！这一切让有些人感到忧心忡忡。
耶鲁大学的教授哈罗德·布卢姆对西方社会的文化历史做了一番审视。
“这条路走到最后的结果便是再糟糕不过的文化单一性。
实在太可怕了。
”这一观点在世界各地的大学越来越受到认同。
“迪斯尼产品，”宾州大学的英语教授保罗·富塞尔说，“在我看来实在很幼稚。
”反对迪斯尼的人（而且为数不少）认为迪斯尼电影及其副产品充满了性别歧视和种族歧视，是美国历史及民间传说的简化版、轻松版。
“这其中有一种偏袒护短的倾向，”宾州州立大学的一位教授亨利·吉罗说。
和其他迪斯尼的反对者一样，他详细地列举了迪斯尼所犯的文化罪行：比如，迪斯尼在《风中奇缘》一片中对美国印第安人那段悲惨历史的种种处理手法就令他非常气愤。
“我的意思是，印第安人遭遇的整个历史，有人称之为对印第安人的屠杀，而在该片中却被演绎成一个爱情故事，”他愤愤不平地说。
吉罗认为迪斯尼已经成了美国孩子的主要教育者，这些孩子早在学习美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯那篇具有历史意义的葛底斯堡演说之前，大多数就能背诵《狮子王》中的每句台词了。
尽管如此，最强烈的反对者也很快指出了迪斯尼具有的诸多价值：轻松愉快、善意风趣、优良的艺术传统，这些都是迪斯尼成功的原因。
不管是否存心挑剔，反对迪斯尼公司的那些人自己大多也是迪斯尼的顾客。
Heavy Body, Not Heavy HeartIn pictures from college I was thin.I worked full time, went to school full time, smoked, and lived off fast food and soft drinks.Friends say that I don't look like myself in those pictures.I looked ill, sad, and unhealthy.Now, at a weight considered to be dangerously high by medical charts, I live better than ever. I have given up smoking, and I eat a lot of vegetables; I enjoy walking, swimming and dancing classes.I exercise and eat well because I love living, not because I want to lose weight.My doctor tells me I am healthy, and this is much more important than being thin.Studies show that overweight people who exercise have a lower death rate than "normal" weight people who do not.Negative attitudes toward fat people begin in childhood. One study showed that, as early as nursery school, children liked pictures of disabled children of similar ages better than those of fat children.Similarly, a study of college students said they would rather marry a drug user, a thief, or a blind person than someone who was fat.These attitudes create discrimination that affects fat people in every aspect of their lives, including money matters.In fact, overweight, white women usually earn less than thin, white women—24 percent less, according to one study.People often justify their judgments about fat people by saying that people choose to be fat. Choose?Who would choose life as a fat person in this weight-obsessed culture?There are many false ideas about fat people in society: that all fat people have eating disorders or emotional or mental issues;that if they really wanted to lose weight they could.In reality, however, some people are naturally fat. How a person is born is simply science, not a comment on someone's character.The Center for Disease Control reports that 78 percent of American women are trying hard to lose weight, and at an amazing failure rate—95 percent get back what they've lost within two to five years.The often-heard comment of "you have such a pretty face" does not please me because of all that's not said: "If you'd just lose the weight you'd be beautiful." Beauty is a taught concept and the cultural standards for beauty change constantly.Later in life, I was happy to learn that some cultures have very different standards of beauty. While I was visiting the British Virgin Islands, a local man invited me to be in a picture with him on the beach.I asked, "Why me? There are women who look like models here.""Bones are for dogs," he said with a smile. "Meat is for men."体胖心宽在大学的照片上我很瘦。