ordinary PE and super-tough PE materials
上海市第一人民医院国家临床重点专科申报书——泌尿外科
7
彩色超声波诊 断仪 彩色超声波诊 断仪 单光子发射扫 描仪 直线加速器 治疗计划系统 （TBS） 模拟机 核磁共振仪 64 排 CT 扫描 机 高压液相色谱 仪 图像传输与存 储系统 数字化 X 光机 CR 计算机成 像系统 移动式 C 臂 X 光机 C 臂 X 光机 肺功能测定仪 肌电图仪 麻醉机 流式细胞仪 （BD）分选 监护除颤仪 心输出量测定 仪 血气分析仪 电动呼吸机 带显示器手术 无影灯
良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好 正常
纤维输尿管镜 10 度 膀胱镜 泌尿窥镜 膀胱镜 冷冻离心机 床边监护仪 KARL 型 A22001A 型 A22000A 型 5415R 型 DH3000 型
血液透析机 （7 TR-321 型 台） 无影灯 笔记本电脑 （10 台） 台式电脑（20 部） 照相、摄录、 打印、传真机 等（30 部） 高速离心机、 冰柜、电泳仪 EL700 型
2010510良好钬激光治疗机powersuite德国2002192良好激光治疗机sphinx82010140良好超声肾结石冲slithoclastmasteems公司200796良好philips公司200762良好超声肾结石冲jdny公司200550良好尿动力学系统wodynamicslaborie公司200257良好超声刀系统300强生公司201130良好udsucapnp2011595良好输尿管镜6度及器械27002l2010198良好10度输尿管wlof公司2011256良好膀胱镜60301270沈阳沈大内窥镜公201049良好高频电刀vio300serbe公司2009良好输尿管镜8705402wolf公司2008126良好12度前列腺切镜及附件27005fa200636良好输尿管镜10wolf公司2005177良好腹腔镜及手术器械30度2732005244良好软性输尿管镜dur8eacmi公司2005172良好半硬性超细输acmi公司2005885良好12度广角膀acmi公司200536良好输尿管肾镜10wolf公司2002113良好纤维输尿管镜10acmi公司200248良好膀胱镜karl2002587良好泌尿窥镜a22001aacmi公司2008435良好膀胱镜a22000aacmi公司2008525良好冷冻离心机5415r公司2006311良好床边监护仪dh3000公司200220良好血液透析机7200189良好无影灯el700上海医疗器械五厂2005441良好笔记本电脑10国产051010良好台式电脑20国产031010良好照相摄录打印传真机等30国产051020良好高速离心机冰柜电泳仪美国美国081050正常五相关科室配套设备仪器设备名称型号规格生产厂家购买日期金额万元使用情况spectct光子发射断层扫描系统precedencephilips公司200772979正常使用彩色超声波诊sequoia512siemens200911517998正常philips20091156087正常彩色超声波诊sonolineg50siemens20091226551正常单光子发射扫ge200210964682正常直线加速器fuko2000siemens20091000正常治疗计划系统tbs模拟机美国荷2009500正常核磁共振仪twinspeege公司121798正常使用64排ct扫描lightspee
研究生学术英语高原第七单元课文翻译
为什么材料的历史是真正的文化历史？1.每样东西都是由某种东西构成的。
如果把混凝土、玻璃、纺织品、金属和其他材料从我们的生活中拿走，我们就只能赤身裸体，在泥泞的田野里瑟瑟发抖。
我们生活的复杂性在很大程度上是由物质财富赋予的，如果没有我们的文明，我们将很快恢复到动物行为:使我们成为人类的是我们的衣服、我们的家、我们的城市、我们的东西，我们通过我们的习俗和语言赋予这些东西生命。
如果你去过灾区，这一点就会变得非常明显。
然而，物质世界不仅仅是我们技术和文化的展示，它是我们的一部分，我们发明它，我们创造它，它造就了我们。
2.材料的根本重要性从各个文明时代的命名——石器时代、铁器时代和青铜时代——就可以清楚地看出，每个新时代都由一种新材料带来。
钢铁是维多利亚时代的主要材料，工程师们可以充分发挥他们的梦想，建造悬索桥、铁路、蒸汽机和客轮。
Isambard Kingdom Brunel 将其作为改造世界的宣言，并播下现代主义的种子。
20世纪常被誉为硅的时代，在材料科学取得突破后，迎来了硅芯片和信息革命。
然而,其他新材料的万花筒也彻底改变了现代生活。
建筑师将大量生产的平板玻璃与结构钢结合在一起，建造摩天大楼，从而发明了一种新型的城市生活。
塑料改变了我们的家庭和衣着。
聚合物被用来制造电影胶片，并引入了一种新的视觉文化——电影。
铝合金和镍高温合金的发展使我们能够廉价飞行，并加速了文化的碰撞。
医疗陶瓷和牙科陶瓷让我们得以重建自我，重新定义残疾和衰老——正如“整形手术”一词所暗示的那样，材料往往是修复我们的功能(髋关节置换)或增强我们的特征(隆胸硅胶植入物)的新疗法的关键。
3.我对材料的痴迷始于青少年时期。
我对他们的默默无闻感到困惑，尽管他们就在我们身边。
有多少人能看出铝和钢的区别?木头之间明显不同，但有多少人能说出原因?塑料是混杂的;谁知道聚乙烯和聚丙烯的区别?最终，我进入牛津大学(Oxford University)材料科学系攻读学位，接着攻读喷气发动机合金博士学位，现在是伦敦大学学院(University College London)材料与社会教授和制造研究所(Institute of Making)主任。
“纺织之光”基金会等力推无PVA上浆项目
２ ０ １ ３ 年第 一季度 全球 纱线产 量 增长显著
亚洲提高 １ ３ ％ 南美洲和欧洲分 别提 高 ２ ． ９ ％和１ ． ４ ％ 北美洲则下降了１ ８ ． ９ ％。 与上一 季度相比 ， 今年第一季度全
端小平等出席并发言。 相关机构与企业代 表及中外记者近百人参加此次发布会。 本次发布会重点介绍了生物质 舒弹 丝 的创新产品。 发 布会 上， 美国杜邦公 司Ｓ ＯＲ ＯＮＡ ￣ 中国区市场 部主任翁 文瑾 做了 科技创造美好生活” 的演讲， 东华 大学博士周立亚对舒弹丝的性能做了专 业、 全 面的分析 和讲解 ， 海兴材 料科技 有限公司董事长欧阳文咸则介绍 了生物 质舒弹丝的行业前景。 本次新 闻发布会上还举 行了 国家 生物 基合成纤 维产品开发基地” 的授牌 仪式 ， 孙瑞哲代 表中国纺织工业联合会 给海兴材料科技有限公司颁发了证书。
高 南 美 洲 持 平 ． 欧 洲 下 降 。同 期 ． 亚 洲
０ ． ５ ％， 欧 洲持平 。 从年度 同比来看 ， 全 球织物库存下降了２ ． ９ ％。 其中， 南美洲
北 美 洲 和 欧 洲分 别 下 降 １ ４ ． ４ ％、 ７ ． ５ ％和 ５ ． ７ ％， 亚 洲则提 高了１ － ２ ％。
今年第一季度欧洲和巴西的纱线订
单 与 上 一 季 度 相 比有所 提 高 。 从 年 度 同
舒弹丝是美国杜邦公司和海兴材料
科技有限公司的联合研发成果 ， 是一种 高科 技生物基弹性短纤维 ． 其在家纺领 域 的成功应用成为家纺行业新材料应用
的一次 革 新 。
比来看， 欧洲的纱线订单增加了１ ６ ． ２ ％，
洲 产 量 大幅 下滑 。 ２ ０ １ ３ 年 第一 季 度 全 球
高分子专业英语课文翻译
A 高分子化学和高分子物理UNIT 1 What are Polymer?第一单元什么是高聚物？What are polymers? For one thing, they are complex and giant molecules and are different from low molecular weight compounds like, say, common salt. To contrast the difference, the molecular weight of common salt is only 58.5, while that of a polymer can be as high as several hundred thousand, even more than thousand thousands. These big molecules or ‘macro-molecules’ are made up of much smaller molecules, can be of one or more chemical compounds. To illustrate, imagine that a set of rings has the same size and is made of the same material. When these things are interlinked, the chain formed can be considered as representing a polymer from molecules of the same compound. Alternatively, individual rings could be of different sizes and materials, and interlinked to represent a polymer from molecules of different compounds.什么是高聚物？首先，他们是合成物和大分子，而且不同于低分子化合物，譬如说普通的盐。
如何根据外观辨识单一手性晶体？
大 学 化 学Univ. Chem. 2024, 39 (3), 78收稿：2023-09-01；录用：2023-10-19；网络发表：2023-11-13*通讯作者，Email:***************.cn•专题• doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309004 如何根据外观辨识单一手性晶体？王海英1,*，苏纪豪21川北医学院医学影像四川省重点实验室，四川南充 637000 2厦门大学化学化工学院，福建 厦门 361005摘要：有些消旋体结晶过程中的自发拆分会导致对映异构体单晶呈现不同的外观状态。
本文总结并列举了根据外观辨识单一手性晶体的四种方式，包括：半面体面、宏观形态、偏光颜色和表面形貌。
这些“以貌取人”的方法为探究手性化合物的结晶行为提供了重要的工具和见解。
关键词：自发拆分；半面体面；宏观形态；偏光颜色；表面形貌中图分类号：G64；O6How to Visually Identify Homochiral CrystalsHaiying Wang 1,*, Andrew C.-H. Sue 21 Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China.2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China.Abstract: During the crystallization process of certain racemic compounds, spontaneous resolution can lead to distinctive external appearances of enantiomeric crystal forms. This article offers a comprehensive overview and delineates four methods for identification, namely, examining hemihedral faces, assessing macromorphology, employing circular polarization, and analyzing surface topography. These identification techniques serve as invaluable tools and viewpoints for studying the crystallization behavior of chiral compounds, holding significant potential across diverse applications in pharmaceutical production, materials science, and chemical synthesis.Key Words: Spontaneous resolution; Hemihedral faces; Macromorphology; Circular polarization;Surface topography手性(Chirality)是指物体与其镜像图形无法完全重合的性质[1]。
关于抗老基金的英语作文
关于抗老基金的英语作文The Fountain of Youth: Investing in an Anti-Aging FundAs we grow older, the relentless march of time takes its toll on our bodies and minds. Wrinkles deepen, hair grays, and energy levels decline. The prospect of growing old can be daunting, filled with concerns about declining health, loss of independence, and the specter of mortality. However, what if there was a way to slow down the aging process and maintain our youthful vigor well into our golden years? This is the promise of an anti-aging fund – a financial investment that aims to unlock the secrets of longevity and provide individuals with the resources to age gracefully.The concept of an anti-aging fund is built on the rapidly advancing field of rejuvenation biotechnology. Scientists around the world are making groundbreaking discoveries in areas such as stem cell therapy, gene editing, and cellular reprogramming, all with the goal of reversing the biological signs of aging. By investing in companies and research initiatives at the forefront of this field, an anti-aging fund seeks to capitalize on the potential breakthroughs that coulddramatically extend the human lifespan.One of the key components of an anti-aging fund is its focus on cutting-edge medical treatments and therapies. This might include investments in pharmaceutical companies developing novel drugs to combat age-related diseases, or biotech startups exploring innovative approaches to cellular rejuvenation. The fund could also allocate resources to research institutions conducting clinical trials on longevity-enhancing interventions, from calorie-restricted diets to nanorobotic therapies.Beyond medical advancements, an anti-aging fund may also invest in technologies that enhance human performance and delay the aging process. This could include wearable devices that monitor vital signs and provide personalized health recommendations, or smart home systems that optimize living environments for improved sleep, nutrition, and physical activity. The fund might even explore investments in space exploration, as the unique conditions of microgravity and cosmic radiation may yield insights into the fundamental mechanisms of aging.Of course, the prospect of an anti-aging fund is not without its critics and skeptics. Some argue that the pursuit of extended lifespan is unnatural and goes against the inherent order of the universe. Others raise ethical concerns about the potential for suchtechnologies to exacerbate social inequalities, as only the wealthy may have access to the most cutting-edge rejuvenation treatments.Despite these challenges, the proponents of anti-aging funds believe that the potential benefits far outweigh the risks. By investing in the science of longevity, they argue, we can not only improve the quality of life for individuals but also alleviate the societal burden of an aging population. Reduced healthcare costs, increased economic productivity, and a more vibrant and engaged older generation –these are just some of the potential upsides of successful anti-aging interventions.Moreover, the advocates of these funds contend that the pursuit of extended lifespan is not merely about personal vanity or the desire to cheat death. Rather, it is about empowering individuals to live fuller, more fulfilling lives, free from the constraints of age-related decline. Imagine a world where the elderly are not relegated to the sidelines, but instead remain active, engaged, and contributing members of their communities well into their later years. This, they argue, is the true promise of an anti-aging fund.Of course, investing in an anti-aging fund is not without its risks. The field of rejuvenation biotechnology is still in its infancy, and the path to commercialization for many of these technologies is uncertain. There is also the potential for unexpected side effects or unintendedconsequences, as with any emerging medical intervention. Investors in an anti-aging fund must be prepared to weather the ups and downs of this volatile and rapidly evolving market.Nevertheless, for those with a long-term vision and a willingness to embrace the unknown, an anti-aging fund may represent a unique opportunity to invest in the future of human health and longevity. By supporting the cutting-edge research and development that could unlock the secrets of aging, these investors are not only securing their own financial future, but also contributing to a broader societal transformation that could have profound implications for generations to come.In conclusion, the concept of an anti-aging fund is a fascinating and complex proposition that speaks to our deepest human desires – the desire to live longer, healthier, and more fulfilling lives. While the road ahead may be uncertain, the potential rewards of this investment are nothing short of transformative. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in the realm of rejuvenation biotechnology, the anti-aging fund may well emerge as a critical catalyst in our quest for the fountain of youth.。
乳液聚合胶束成核机理谁提出来的对应的英文文章
乳液聚合胶束成核机理谁提出来的对应的英文文章乳液聚合胶束成核机理是由法国物理学家Jean-Pierre Chapel提出的。
该理论在1971年由他在《Journal of Colloid and Interface Science》发表的一篇名为"Polymerization of Micelles: A Phenomenological Approach"的英文文章中详细阐述。
后附译文Introduction:Emulsion polymerization is a widely used technique for the synthesis of various polymers. The process involves the formation of polymer particles in a water-insoluble monomer phase dispersed in water through the use of surfactants and emulsifiers. The understanding of the nucleation mechanism in this process is crucial for optimizing the synthesis and controlling the particle size and morphology. In this regard, the groundbreaking work of Jean-Pierre Chapel on the mechanism of micelle nucleation in emulsion polymerization provides valuable insights and has been of significant interest to researchers.Brief Background:Emulsion polymerization involves the formation of micelles, which are colloidal aggregates of surfactant molecules, to stabilize the monomer droplets in water. These micelles act as the nucleation sites for the polymerization reaction. Jean-Pierre Chapel proposed a phenomenological approach to explain the micelle nucleation process in emulsion polymerization. His work focused on understandingthe role of surfactants and their interactions with the monomer molecules in the nucleation process.Chapel's Phenomenological Approach:Chapel's approach involved the use of classical thermodynamics to model the micelle nucleation mechanism in emulsion polymerization. He considered the system as a two-phase mixture of monomer droplets dispersed in water and the impact of surfactant molecules on the nucleation process. Chapel formulated his theory based on well-established thermodynamic principles and made a few key assumptions.Assumptions:1. The surfactant molecules are assumed to spontaneously adsorb at the monomer-water interface due to the hydrophobicity of the monomers.2. The adsorption of surfactant at the monomer-water interface leads to the formation of a monolayer around the monomer droplet, stabilizing it against coalescence.3. Polymerization occurs within the surfactant-stabilized monomer droplets.Theoretical Explanation:Chapel's phenomenological approach involved the use of classical nucleation theory and the Gibbs free energy change associated with micelle formation. He derived equations that describe the change in free energy due to the adsorption of surfactant molecules at the monomer-water interface, the deformation of the surfactant monolayer, and the formation of micelles. Chapel recognized that the monomer-water interfaceequilibrium must be considered in the calculations. His model allowed for the prediction of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the rate of polymerization based on the thermodynamic parameters of the system.Significance of Chapel's Work:Chapel's model provided a deeper understanding of the nucleation process in emulsion polymerization. His approach allowed for the prediction and control of the CMC, which is a critical parameter in determining the stability of the emulsion and the particle size distribution. Chapel's work also highlighted the importance of surfactant properties, such as hydrophobicity and molecule structure, in the nucleation and stabilization processes. This knowledge has been invaluable for the design and synthesis of emulsion polymerization systems with desired properties.Further Research and Applications:Since Chapel's seminal work, researchers have built upon his model and expanded the understanding of emulsion polymerization mechanisms. The development of more efficient and versatile surfactants, advancements in experimental techniques, and computational modeling have further enhanced the understanding of the nucleation process. This knowledge has led to the development of new emulsion polymerization techniques and the synthesis of polymers with tailored properties for a wide range of applications, including coatings, adhesives, and biomaterials.Conclusion:Jean-Pierre Chapel's phenomenological approach to understanding the micelle nucleation mechanism in emulsion polymerization has provided valuable insights into the roleof surfactants in this process. His work has laid the foundation for further research in the field and has contributed significantly to the design and synthesis of polymer particles with controlled properties. The understanding of the nucleation mechanism is crucial for optimizing emulsion polymerization processes and enables the production of polymers for diverse applications.乳液聚合胶束成核机理是由法国物理学家Jean-Pierre Chapel提出的.该理论在1971年由他在《胶体和界面科学杂志》发表的一篇名为“胶束聚合：现象学方法”的英文文章中详细阐述。
外文译文
用固态碳源生长石墨烯摘要：单层石墨烯作为一种可转移材料在2004年第一次被获得并且引起了物理学家、化学家、材料学家强烈地关注。
很多研究都致力于找到获得大面积单层或双层石墨烯的方法。
最近这种方法已经被找到，是通过在铜或镍基底上化学气象沉积（CVD）甲烷或乙炔。
但是CVD方法仅限于未加工的气体原料，而很难应用于更加广泛的潜在的原料。
在这里我们论证一种方法：利用固态碳源—比如聚合物薄膜或小分子，最低只要800℃就能够在金属触媒基底上生长出大面积、高质量、可控制厚度的石墨烯。
原始石墨烯和掺杂石墨烯都是用这种一步工序在同样的设备上生产的。
正文：石墨烯有着非凡的电学和机械性能在很多应用方面都表现出很好的前景。
现在有很多获得石墨烯的方法。
最原始的机械剥离法可以从高取向性的热分解石墨上获得少量高质量的石墨烯。
液体剥落并还原氧化了的石墨烯已经被用于化学转化获取大量石墨烯。
热处理SiC，用无定形碳和CVD方法已被应用在晶片上生长大尺寸石墨烯。
通过引进Ni和Cu作为CVD生长的基底，石墨烯的尺寸、厚度、质量正在接近工业化使用标准。
然而石墨烯本质上是零带隙材料表现出很弱的二极性；基于石墨烯的二极管表现出和低的“开／关”电流比，因此它们被用于电子器件设计时很像金属。
为了改变石墨烯的费米能级以及利用它的电学和光学属性，给石墨烯掺杂得到ｎ型，ｐ型或混合型掺杂石墨烯一直是我们奋斗的目标。
当前，用固态碳源在金属触媒基底上生长单层原始石墨烯已被论证（图１ａ）第一种被使用的固态碳源是旋涂的聚合物（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（PMMA）薄膜（~100nm）,金属触媒基底是铜薄片。
在最低为800℃最高为1000℃（测试上限）的温度，伴随着还原性气流（H2/Ar）的低压条件下生长10分钟，单层一致的石墨烯就在基底上生成了。
因此石墨烯材料被成功的转移的不同的基底上有更多的特性（见Supplementary Materials and Supplem entary Methods）这种源于PMMA的单层石墨烯的拉曼光谱如图1b所示，这个光谱表征了样品1 cm2范围内大于10个位置的情况。
高分子材料英文名字(精品文档)
高分子材料中英文对照ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene 丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物AES Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene 丙烯腈/乙烯/苯乙烯共聚物AS Acrylonitrile-styrene resin 丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚物ASA Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate 丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物CA Cellulose acetate 醋酸纤维塑料CE "Cellulose plastics, general" 通用纤维素塑料CF Cresol-formaldehyde 甲酚-甲醛树脂CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素CN Cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素CPE Chlorinated polyethylene 氯化聚乙烯CPVC Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) 氯化聚氯乙烯EP "Epoxy, epoxide" 环氧树脂EPM Ethylene-propylene polymer 乙烯/丙烯共聚物EPS Expanded polystyrene 可发性聚苯乙烯EV A Ethylene/vinyl acetate 乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物HDPE High-density polyethylene plastics 高密度聚乙烯HIPS High impact polystyrene 高抗冲聚苯乙烯IPS Impact-resistant polystyre ne 耐冲击聚苯乙烯K树脂Styrene- butadiene 苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物LCP Liquid crystal polymer 液晶聚合物LDPE Low-density polyethylene plastics 低密度聚乙烯LLDPE Linear low-density polyethylene 线型低密聚乙烯LMDPE Linear medium-density polyethylene 线型中密聚乙烯MBS Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene 甲基丙烯酸/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物MC Methyl cellulose 甲基纤维素MDPE Medium-density polyethylene 中密聚乙烯MF Melamine-formaldehyde resin 密胺-甲醛树脂MPF Melamine/phenol-formaldehyde 密胺/酚醛树脂PA Polyamide (nylon) 聚酰胺（尼龙）PAE Polyarylether 聚芳醚PAEK Polyaryletherketone 聚芳醚酮PAI Polyamide-imide 聚酰胺-酰亚胺PAK Polyester alkyd 聚酯树脂PAN Polyacrylonitrile 聚丙烯腈PASU Polyarylsulfone 聚芳砜PAT Polyarylate 聚芳酯PAUR Poly(ester urethane) 聚酯型聚氨酯PB Polybutene-1 聚丁烯-[1]PBT Poly(butylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二酸丁二酯PC Polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯PE Polyethylene 聚乙烯PEEK Polyetheretherketone 聚醚醚酮PEI Poly(etherimide) 聚醚酰亚胺PEK Polyether ketone 聚醚酮PES Poly(ether sulfone) 聚醚砜PET Poly(ethylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯PEUR Poly(ether urethane) 聚醚型聚氨酯PF Phenol-formaldehyde resin 酚醛树脂PI Polyimide 聚酰亚胺PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMS Poly(alpha-methylstyrene) 聚α-甲基苯乙烯POM "Polyoxymethylene, polyacetal" 聚甲醛PP Polypropylene 聚丙烯PPO Poly(phenylene oxide) deprecated 聚苯醚PP-R Polypropylene randon coplymer 无规共聚聚丙烯PPS Poly(phenylene sulfide) 聚苯硫醚PPSU Poly(phenylene sulfone) 聚苯砜PS Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯PSU Polysulfone 聚砜PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PU（或PUR）Polyurethane 聚氨酯PV AL Poly(vinyl alcohol) 聚乙烯醇PVC Poly(vinyl chloride) 聚氯乙烯PVCC chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)(*CPVC) 氯化聚氯乙烯RP reinforced plastics 增强塑料RTP reinforced thermoplastics 增强热塑性塑料S/AN styrene-acryonitrile copolymer 苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物SBS styrene-butadiene block copolymer 苯乙烯/丁二烯嵌段共聚物SMC sheet molding compound 片状模塑料S/MS styrene-α-methylstyrene copolymer 苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯共聚物TMC thick molding compound 厚片模塑料TPE thermoplastic elastomer 热塑性弹性体TPU thermoplastic urethanes 热塑性聚氨酯PVDC Poly(vinylidene chloride) 聚（偏二氯乙烯）PVDF Poly(vinylidene fluoride) 聚（偏二氟乙烯）SAN Styrene-acrylonitrile plastic 苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物SB Styrene-butadiene plastic 苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物Si Silicone plastics 有机硅塑料SMS Styrene/alpha-methylstyrene plastic 苯乙烯/α-甲基苯乙烯共聚物TPE Thermoplastic elastomer 热塑性弹性体UF Urea-formaldehyde resin 脲甲醛树脂UHMWPE Ultra-high molecular weight PE 超高分子量聚乙烯UP Unsaturated polyester 不饱和聚酯常用塑料的缩写代号、英文全称、中文全称及别名对照表缩写代号英文全称中文全称别名ABS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene 丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物ABS树脂AES Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene 丙烯腈/乙烯/苯乙烯共聚物AES树脂AS Acrylonitrile-styrene resin 丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚物AS树脂CN Cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素赛璐璐EPM Ethylene-propylene polymer 乙烯/丙烯共聚物乙丙树脂EPS Expanded polystyrene 可发性聚苯乙烯发泡聚苯乙烯EV A Ethylene/vinyl acetate 乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物EV A树脂GPPS Generral polystyrene 通用聚苯乙烯透明聚苯乙烯HDPE High-density polyethylene plastics 高密度聚乙烯低压聚乙烯HIPS High impact polystyrene 高抗冲聚苯乙烯改性聚苯乙烯K树脂Styrene- butadiene 苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物K胶LCP Liquid crystal polymer 液晶聚合物LDPE Low-density polyethylene plastics 低密度聚乙烯高压聚乙烯LLDPE Linear low-density polyethylene 线型低密聚乙烯线型高压聚乙烯MF Melamine-formaldehyde resin 密胺-甲醛树脂密胺塑料PA Polyamide (nylon) 聚酰胺尼龙、锦纶PAI Polyamide-imide 聚酰胺-酰亚胺PBT Poly(butylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二酸丁二酯聚酯PC Polycarbonate 聚碳酸酯PE Polyethylene 聚乙烯PEI Poly(etherimide) 聚醚酰亚胺PES Poly(ether sulfone) 聚醚砜聚苯醚砜PET Poly(ethylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涤纶（线型）树脂PF Phenol-formaldehyde resin 酚醛树脂电木粉、胶木粉PI Polyimide 聚酰亚胺PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯有机玻璃POM "Polyoxymethylene, polyacetal" 聚甲醛PP Polypropylene 聚丙烯PP-R Polypropylene randon coplymer 无规共聚聚丙烯PPO Poly(phenylene oxide) deprecated 聚苯醚聚苯撑氧PPS Poly(phenylene sulfide) 聚苯硫醚聚次苯基硫醚PS Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯PSU Polysulfone 聚砜PTFE（F4）Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯四氟、塑料王PUR Polyurethane 聚氨酯聚氨基甲酸酯PU Polyurethane 聚氨酯聚氨基甲酸乙酯PVC Poly(vinyl chloride) 聚氯乙烯SAN Styrene-acrylonitrile plastic 苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物SAN树脂TPE Thermoplastic elastomer 热塑性弹性体UF Urea-formaldehyde resin 脲甲醛树脂电玉粉UHMWPE Ultra-high molecular weight PE 超高分子量聚乙烯。
英文超晶格
英文超晶格Here is a 1,000-word essay on the topic of "English Superlattice":The concept of the English superlattice has fascinated linguists and language researchers for decades. A superlattice, in the context of language, refers to a structured arrangement of linguistic elements, such as sounds, words, or grammatical patterns, that exhibit periodic repetition and emergent properties beyond those of the individual components. In the case of the English superlattice, this phenomenon manifests in the intricate and multifaceted nature of the English language, which has evolved over centuries to become a remarkably versatile and adaptable mode of communication.At the heart of the English superlattice lies the rich diversity of the language's vocabulary. English has a vast lexicon, drawing from a multitude of linguistic sources, including Germanic, Romance, and Latinate roots. This linguistic melting pot has endowed the language with an extraordinary capacity for nuance, precision, and expressiveness. Each word in the English superlattice carries with it a unique history, connotation, and contextual significance, allowing speakers to convey complex ideas and emotions with remarkable subtlety.Moreover, the grammatical structure of the English language further enhances the complexity of the superlattice. The combination of rigid syntactical rules, flexible word order, and a range of grammatical constructions, such as tenses, moods, and voice, enables English speakers to craft intricate and sophisticated sentences. This structural versatility allows for the seamless expression of diverse communicative intentions, from the objective and factual to the imaginative and poetic.One of the most intriguing aspects of the English superlattice is its ability to accommodate and assimilate new linguistic elements. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, English has absorbed words, phrases, and idioms from countless languages, further expanding the boundaries of the superlattice. This dynamic process of linguistic cross-pollination has enriched the language, making it a truly global medium of communication.The superlattice metaphor also extends to the contextual and pragmatic dimensions of the English language. The appropriate use of English often depends on the social, cultural, and situational factors at play. Mastering the nuances of register, tone, and communication styles is essential for effective language use, as the same words and grammatical structures can convey vastly different meanings and intentions depending on the context.Furthermore, the English superlattice is not limited to the written and spoken forms of the language. It also encompasses the diverse range of non-verbal communication modes, such as body language, facial expressions, and gestures, which play a crucial role in shaping the overall communicative experience. These paralinguistic elements seamlessly integrate with the linguistic components of the superlattice, creating a multidimensional tapestry of expression.The complexity of the English superlattice is further amplified by the dynamic nature of the language. English is continuously evolving, with new words, idioms, and grammatical constructions constantly emerging, while others fall out of use or undergo semantic shifts. This ongoing process of linguistic transformation ensures that the superlattice remains a living, breathing entity, constantly adapting to the changing needs and preferences of its users.Mastering the English superlattice is a lifelong endeavor, as the depth and breadth of the language defy easy categorization or complete understanding. Even the most proficient speakers and writers of English often encounter novel linguistic challenges, requiring them to navigate the intricate web of the superlattice with creativity, flexibility, and a deep appreciation for the language's nuances.In conclusion, the English superlattice is a remarkable linguistic phenomenon that defies simple explanation. It is a multifaceted and dynamic system that encompasses a vast array of linguistic elements, each with its own unique history, meaning, and contextual significance. The superlattice metaphor captures the extraordinary complexity and adaptability of the English language, which continues to captivate and inspire language enthusiasts, scholars, and communicators around the world.。
基于响应面法优化双酶同步酶解的全豌豆乳的稳定性及营养特性研究
肖丹虹，李萍，邓媛元，等. 基于响应面法优化双酶同步酶解的全豌豆乳的稳定性及营养特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技，2024，45（8）：235−246. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023060114XIAO Danhong, LI Ping, DENG Yuanyuan, et al. Study on the Stability and Nutritional Properties of Double Enzyme Simultaneous Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Whole Pea Milk Based on Response Surface Method[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024,45(8): 235−246. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023060114· 工艺技术 ·基于响应面法优化双酶同步酶解的全豌豆乳的稳定性及营养特性研究肖丹虹1,2，李 萍1，邓媛元1，刘 光1，赵志浩1，王佳佳1，钟立煌1，廖 娜1，张名位1,3, *（1.广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所，农业农村部功能食品重点实验室，广东省农产品加工重点实验室，广东广州 510610；2.华中农业大学食品科学技术学院，湖北武汉 430070；3.中原食品实验室，河南漯河 462300）摘 要：豌豆作为一种大宗豆类，具有营养价值高及低致敏性等特点，但全豌豆乳体系易絮凝失稳，限制其在食品中的应用。
本文以脱皮豌豆为原料，采用高压均质耦合生物酶解（中温α-淀粉酶和纤维素酶）处理，通过离心沉淀率等指标，以及Box-Behnken 设计优化酶解工艺条件，揭示最优工艺下全豌豆乳的稳定性和营养特性变化规律。
高分子英语课文翻译
unit1all polymers are built up from bonding together a single kind of repeating unit. At the other extreme ,protein molecules are polyamides in which n amino acide repeat units are bonded together. Although we might still call n the degree of polymerization in this case, it is less usefull,since an amino acid unit might be any one of some 20-odd molecules that are found in proteins. In this case the molecular weight itself,rather than the degree of the polymerization ,is generally used to describe the molecule. When the actual content of individual amino acids is known,it is their sequence that is of special interest to biochemists and molecular biologists.并不是所有的聚合物都是由一个重复单元链接在一起而形成的;在另一个极端的情形中,蛋白质分子是由n个氨基酸重复单元链接在一起形成的聚酰胺;尽管在这个例子中,我们也许仍然把n称为聚合度,但是没有意义,因为一个氨基酸单元也许是在蛋白质中找到的20多个分子中的任意一个;在这种情况下,一般是分子量本身而不是聚合度被用来描述这个分子;当知道了特定的氨基酸分子的实际含量,它们的序列正是生物化学家和分子生物学家特别感兴趣的地方;1,题目：Another striking ...答案：.that quantity low saturation bottom much absorb 2. 乙烯分子带有一个双键,为一种烯烃,它可以通过连锁聚合大量地制造聚乙烯,目前,聚乙烯已经广泛应用于许多技术领域和人们的日常生活中,成为一种不可缺少的材料;Ethylene molecule with a double bond, as a kind of olefins, it can make chain polymerization polyethylene, at present, polyethylene has been widely used in many fields of technology and People's Daily life, become a kind of indispensable materials.Unit31 The polymerization rate may be experimentally followed by measuring the changes in any of several properties of the system such as density,refractive index,viscosity, or light absorption. Density measurements are among the most accurate and sensitive of the techniques. The density increases by 20-25 percent on polymerization for many monomers. In actual practice the volume of the polymerizing system is measured by carrying out the reaction in a dilatometer. This is specially constructed vessel with a capillary tube which allows a highly accurate measurement of small volume changes. It is not uncommon to be able to detect a few hundredths of a percent polymerization by the dilatometer technique. 聚合速率在实验上可以通过测定体系的任一性质的变化而确定,如密度、折射率、黏度、或者吸光性能;密度的测量是这些技术中最准确最敏感的;对许多单体的聚合来说,密度增加了20%-25%;在实际操作中,聚合体系的体积是通过在膨胀计中进行反应测定的;它被专门设计构造了毛细导管,在里面可以对微小体积变化进行高精确度测量;通过膨胀计技术探测聚合过程中万分之几的变化是很常见的;Unti42 合成聚合物在各个领域中起着与日俱增的重要作用,聚合物通常是由单体通过加成聚合与缩合聚合制成的;就世界上的消耗量而论,聚烯烃和乙烯基聚合物居领先地位,聚乙烯、聚丙烯等属聚烯烃,而聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯等则为乙烯基聚合物;聚合物可广泛地用作塑料、橡胶、纤维、涂料、粘合剂等The synthetic polymers play an increasingly important role on a range of domains, which are synthesized by monomers through addition polymerization or condensation polymerization. Polyolefin and vinyl polymer have taken the lead in terms of the world consumption. PE, PP, etc. belong to the polyolefin, while PS, PVC etc. belong to the vinyl polymer. Polymers can be widely applied in plastics, rubbers, fibers, coatings, glues and so on.Unit7Ring-opening polymerizations proceed only by ionic mechanisms, the polymerization of cyclic ethers mainly by cationic mechanisms, and the polymerization of lactones andlactones by either a cationic or anionic mechanism. Important initiators for cyclic ethers and lactone polymerization are those derived from aluminum alkyl and zinc alkyl/water systems. It should be pointed out that substitution near the reactive group of the monomer is essential for the individual mechanism that operates effectively in specific cases; for example, epoxides polymerize readily with cationic and anionic initiators, while fluorocarbon epoxides polymerize exclusively by anionic mechanisms.开环聚合反应只能通过离子机理进行,环醚的开环聚合主要通过阳离子机理,而内酯和内酰胺的聚合物是通过阳离子或阴离子机理;对于环醚和内酯型聚合物很重要的引发剂是那些来自于烷基铝和烷基锌/水的体系;应该指出的是对于在活性基团附近有取代的单体,只能由单一机理,这一机理是在特定条件下的有效;1 Polymers can be classified into two main groups, addition polymers and ___condensation__ polymers. This classification is based on whether or not the repeating unit of the polymer contains the same atoms __as____ the monomer. The repeating unit of an addition polymer is identical _with/to____ the monomer, while condensation polymers contain __different/less___ because of formation of __compound/byproduct___ during the polymerization process. The corresponding polymerization processed would then be called addition polymerization and condensation polymerization. As was mentioned earlier, this classification can result ___in__ confusion, since it has been shown in later years that many important types of polymers can be _prepared by both addition and condensation processes. For example, polyesters, polyamides and polyurethanes are usually considered to be _condensation____ polymers, but they can be prepared by addition as well as by condensation reaction. Similarly, polyethylene normally considered an _addition_ polymer, can also be prepared by _condensation_ reaction.2. Answer the following questions in English1 What is chain polymerization Manyolefinicandvinylunsaturatedcompoundsareabletoformchain-likemacromoleculesthrougheliminationofdoublebond.2 Which kinds of monomers can carry out step-growth polymerization processThere are two kinds of monomers could carry out step-growth polymerization process. One ispolyfunctionalmonomers and the other isasinglemonomercontainingbothtypesoffunctional groups.3 What properties of polymers can be based on for measuring the molecular weightThe molecular weight of polymer could be measured based on colligativeproperties, lightscattering, viscosity, ultracentrifugation sedimentation.3. Please write out at least 10 kinds of polymers both in English and in Chinesethe corresponging chemical structure5 In general,head-to-tail addition is considered to be the predominant mode of propagation in all polymerizations;However,when the substitutes on the monomer are small and do not offer appreciable steric hindrance to the approaching radical or do not have a large resonance stabilizing effect,as in the case of fluorine atoms,sizable amounts of head-to-head propagation may occur. The effect of increasing polymerization temperature is to increase the amount of head-to-head placement;Increased temperature leads to less selective more random propagation but the effect is not large. Thus,the head-to-head content in poly vinyl acetate only increases from to percent when the polymerization temperature in increased from 30 to 90 ℃.通常在所有聚合物的链增长中,头-尾加成是主要方式;然而,当单体中的取代基很小对接近的自由基没有空间阻碍或没有较大的共振稳定作用,如氟原子,则有相当量的头头增长发生;提高聚合温度的影响是提高头-头排列的量;温度的提高导致较少的选择更多的无规增长,但影响不大;因而,在聚乙酸乙烯酯中,当聚合温度由30C提高到90C,头-头含量仅由%提高到%;2．Write out an abstract in English for the text in this unitPolymers with different structures present various properties. Usually, polymers are divided into three categories, . plastic, elastomer, fiber with different initial modulus range respectively. Polymers show quite different behaviors due to the different interchain forces in elastomer and fiber. However, with the advent of new techniques and mechanisms to improve the structure of polymers, polymers may be classified and named according to the mechanism, and their properties will largely depend on the structure. 3．Put the following words into Chineseentanglement 纠缠 irregularity 无规 sodium isopropylate异丙醇钠 permeability渗透性crystallite 微晶stoichiomertric balance 当量平衡fractionation分馏法light scattering光散射 matrix 基体 diffraction衍射4．Put the following words into English形态 morphology 酯化 esterification 异氰酸酯isocyanate杂质impurity 二元胺 diamine 转化率change ratio 多分散性polydispersity 力学性能mechanical property 构象conformation 红外光谱法infrared spectroscopy常见聚合物命名1常见杂链和元素有机聚合物类型Polyamide ----聚酰胺. Polyester----聚酯 Poly‘urethane ------聚氨酯 Polysiloxane -------聚硅氧烷Phenol-formaldehyde----酚醛.Urea-formaldehyde-----脲醛Polyureas------聚脲 Polysulfide -----聚硫Polyacetal-------聚缩醛 Polysulfone polysulphone------聚砜 Polyether---------聚醚第五单元Traditional methods of living polymerization are based on ionic, coordination or group transfer mechanisms.活性聚合的传统方法是基于离子,配位或基团转移机理;Ideally, the mechanism of living polymerization involves only initiation and propagation steps.理论上活性聚合的机理只包括引发和增长反应步骤;All chains are initiated at the commencement of polymerization and propagation continues until all monomer is consumed.在聚合反应初期所有的链都被引发,然后增长反应继续下去直到所有的单体都被消耗殆尽;A type of novel techniques for living polymerization, known as living possibly use “controlled” or “mediated” radical polymerization, is developed recently. 最近开发了一种叫做活性自由基聚合的活性聚合新技术;The first demonstration of living radical polymerization and the current definition of the processes can be attributed to Szwarc.第一个活性自由基聚合的证实及目前对这一过程的解释或定义,应该归功于Szwarc;Up to now, several living radical polymerization processes, including atom transfer radical polymerization ATRP, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization RAFT, nitroxide-mediated polymerization NMP, etc., have been reported one after another.到目前为止,一些活性自由基聚合过程,包括原子转移自由基聚合,可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合,硝基氧介导聚合等聚合过程一个接一个被报道;The mechanism of living radical polymerization is quite different not only from that of common radical polymerization but also from that of traditional living polymerization. 活性自由基聚合的机理不仅完全不同于普通自由基聚合机理,也不同于传统的活性聚合机理;It relies on the introduction of a reagent that undergoes reversible termination with the propagating radicals thereby converting them to a following dormant form：活性自由基聚合依赖于向体系中引入一种可以和增长自由基进行可逆终止的试剂,形成休眠种：The specificity in the reversible initiation-termination step is of critical importance in achieving living characteristics.这种特殊的可逆引发-终止反应对于获得分子链活性来说具有决定性的重要意义;This enables the active species concentration to be controlled and thus allows such a condition to be chosen that all chains are able to grow at a similar rate if not simultaneously throughout the polymrization.可逆引发终止使活性中心的浓度能够得以控制;这样就可以来选择适宜的反应条件,使得在整个聚合反应过程中只要没有平行反应所有的分子链都能够以相同的速度增长;This has, in turn, enabled the synthesis of polymers with controlled composition, architecture and molecular weight distribution.这样就可以合成具有可控组成,结构和分子量分布的聚合物;They also provide routes to narrow dispersity end-functional polymers, to high purity block copolymers, and to stars and other more complex architecture.这些还可以提供获得狭窄分布末端功能化聚合物,高纯嵌段共聚物,星型及更复杂结构高分子的合成方法;The first step towards living radical polymerization was taken by Ostu and his colleagues in 1982.活性自由基聚合是Ostu和他的同事于1982年率先开展的;In 1985, this was taken one step further with the development by Solomon et al. of nitroxide-mediated polymerization NMP.1985年,Solomon等对氮氧化物稳定自由基聚合的研究使活性自由基聚合进一步发展;This work was first reported in the patent literature and in conference papers but was not widely recognized until 1993 when Georges et al. applied the method in the synthesis of narrow polydispersity polystyrene.这种方法首先在专利文献和会议论文中报道,但是直到1993年Georges等把这种方法应用在窄分子量分布聚苯乙烯之后,才得以广泛认知;The scope of NMP has been greatly expended and new, more versatile, methods have appeared. NMP的领域已经得到很大的延展,出现了新的更多样化的方法;The most notable methods are atom transfer radical polymerization ATRP and polymerization with reversible addition fragmentation RAFT.最引人注目的方法是原子转移自由基聚合和可逆加成断裂聚合;到2000年,这个领域的论文已经占所有自由基聚合领域论文的三分之一;如图所示;Naturally, the rapid growth of the number of the papers in the field since 1995 ought to be almost totally attributable to development in this area. 、自然地,纸的数量的迅速增长在领域,因为1995在这个区域应该是几乎完全可归属的到发展;UNIT9 Structure and Properties of Polymers 聚合物的结构和性质Most conveniently, polymers are generally subdivided in three categories, namelyviz., plastics, rubbers and fibers. 很方便地,聚合物一般细分为三种类型,就是塑料,橡胶和纤维; In terms of initial elastic modules, rubbers ranging generally between 106 to 107dynes/cm2, represent the lower end of the scale, while fibers with high initial modjulai, of 1010 to 1011dynes/cm2 are situated on the upper end of the scale; plastics, having generally an initial elastic modulus of 108 to 109dynes/cm2, lie in-between. 就初始弹性模量而言,橡胶一般在 6到107达因平方厘米,在尺度的低端, 10到1011达因平方厘米,尺度的高端,而纤维具有高的初始模量, 达到10到1011达因平方厘米,尺度的高端,塑料的弹性模量一般在 8到109达因平方厘米,在尺度的中间As is found in all phases of polymer chemistry, there are many exceptions to this categorization. 正如高分子化学的各个部分都可以看到的那样,在高分子化学的所有阶段,我们都可以发现,这种分类方法有许多例外的情况;An elastomer or rubber results from a polymer having relatively weak interchain forces and high molecular weights. 弹性体是具有相对弱的链之间作用力和高分子量的聚合物; When the molecular chains are “straightened out” or stretched by a process of extension, they do not have sufficient attraction for each other to maintain the oriented state and will retract once the force is released. This is the basis of elastic behavior. 当通过一个拉伸过程将分子链拉直的时候,分子链彼此之间没有足够的相互吸引力来保持其取向状态,作用力一旦解除,将发生收缩;这是弹性行为的基础;However, if the interchain forces are very great, a polymer will make a good fiber. 然而,如果分子链之间的力非常大,聚合物可以用做纤维;Therefore, when the polymer is highly stretched, the oriented chain will come under the influence of the powerful attractive forces and will “crystallize” permanently in a more or less oriented matrix. 因此,当聚合物被高度拉直的时候,取向分子链在不同程度取向的母体中将受强引力的影响而“永久地结晶;These crystallization forces will then act virtually as crosslinks, resulting in a material of high tensile strength and high initial modulus, ., a fiber. 而后,这些结晶力实际上以交联方式作用,产生高拉伸强度和高初始模量的材料,如纤维;Therefore, a potential fiber polymer will not become a fiber unless subjected to a “drawing” process, ., a process resulting in a high degree of intermolecular orientation. 因此,一个可能的潜在的纤维高分子不会变成纤维,除非经历一个拉伸过程, 即, 这导致分子间高度取向的拉伸过程;Crosslinked species are found in all three categories and the process of crosslinking may change the cited characteristics of the categories. 交联的种类在所有三种类型塑料,橡胶,纤维中找到,而交联过程可以改变分类的引用特征;Thus, plastics are known to possesspzes a marked range of deformability in the order of 100 to 200%; they do not exhibit this property when crosslinked, however. 因此,我们熟知塑料具有的形变能力大约在100-200%范围内,然而当交联发生时塑料不能展示这个性能; Rubber, on vulcanization, changes its properties from low modulus, low tensile strength, low hardness, and high elongation to high modulus, high tensile strength, high hardness, and low elongation. 对橡胶而言,硫化可以改变其性质,从低模量,低拉伸强度,低硬度及高拉伸率到高模量,高拉伸强度,高硬度及低拉伸率;Thus, polymers may be classified as noncrosslinked and crosslinked, and this definition agrees generally with the subclassification in thermoplastic and thermoset polymers. 这样,聚合物可以分为非交联和交联的,这个定义与把聚合物细分为热塑性和热固性聚合物相一致; From the mechanistic point of view, however, polymers are properly divided into addition polymers and condensation polymers. Both of these species are found in rubbers, plastics, and fibers. 然而,从反应机理的观点看,聚合物可以分成加聚物和缩聚物;这些种类聚合物在塑料,橡胶和纤维中都可以找得到;In many cases polymers are considered from the mechanistic point of view. Also, the polymer will be named according to its source whenever it is derived from a specific hypothetical monomer, or when it is derived from two or more components which are built randomly into the polymer. 在许多情况下,聚合物可以从反应机理的角度考虑分类; 每当聚合物来自于一个假象单体,或来自于两个或两个以上组成物无规则构建聚合物时,也可以根据聚合物的来源来命名; This classification agrees well with the presently used general practice. 这种分类方法与目前实际情况相符合;When the repeating unit is composed of several monomeric components following each other in a regular fashion, the polymer is commonly named according to its structure. 当重复单元由几个单体组成物规则排布,聚合物通常根据它的结构来命名;It must be borne in mind that, with the advent of Ziegler-Natta mechanisms and new techniques to improve and extend crystallinity, and the closeness of packing of chains, many older data given should be critically considered in relation to the stereoregular and crystalline structure. 必须记住,随着Ziegler-Natta机理,以及提高结晶度和链堆砌紧密度新技术的出现,对许多过去已经得到的关于空间结构和晶体结构旧的资料,应当批判地接受;The properties of polymers are largely dependent on the type and extent of both stereoregularity and crystallinity. As an example, the densities and melting points of atactic and isotactic species are presented in Table . 聚合物的性质主要依靠立体规整性和结晶度的类型和程度;如,无规立构和全同立构物质的密度和熔点展示在表中 ;UNIT11 Functional PolymersFunctional polymers are macromolecules to which chemically functional groups are attached; they have the potential advantages of small molecules with the same functional groups. 功能聚合物是具有化学功能基团的大分子,这些聚合物与具有功能聚合物是具有化学功能基团的大分子, 相同功能基团的小分子一样具有潜在的优点;Their usefulness is related both to the functional groups and to the nature of the polymers whose characteristic properties depend mainly on the extraordinarily large size of the molecules.它们的实用性不仅与功能基团有关,而且与巨大分子尺寸带来的聚合物特性有关;The attachment of functional groups to a polymer is frequently the first step towards the preparation of a functional polymer for a specific use. 把功能基团连接到聚合物上常常是制备特殊用途功能高分子的第一步;However, the proper choice of the polymer is an important factor for successful application. 然而,对成功应用而言,选择适当的聚合物是的一个重要因素;In addition to the synthetic aliphatic and aromatic polymers, a wide range of natural polymers have also been functionalized and used as reactive materials. 除了合成的脂肪组和芳香组聚合物之外,许多天然高分子也被功能化,被用做反应性材料;Inorganic polymers have also been modified with reactive functional groups and used in processes requiring severesi’vi service conditions. 无机聚合物也已经用反应功能基团改性,被用于要求耐用条件的场合;In principle, the active groups may be part of the polymer backbone or linked to a side chain as a pendant group either directly or viavai a space rs’peis group. 理论上讲,活性基团可以是聚合物主链上的一部分,或者直接连接到侧链或通过一个中间基团的侧基;A required active functional group can be introduced onto a polymeric support chain 1 by incorporation during the synthesis of the support itself through polymerization or copolymerization of monomers containing the desired functional groups, 2 by chemical modification of a nonfunctionalized performed support matrix and 3 by a combination of 1 and 2. 所需的活性功能基团可以通过几种方法引入到聚合物主链上, 1在主链的合成过程中,通过聚合或共聚合含有理想功能基团的单体来获得,2通过对已有的非功能化主链进行化学改性的方法,3通过结合1和2来获得;Each of the two approaches has its own advantages and disadvantages, and one approach may be preferred for the preparation of a particular functional polymer when the other would be totally impractical.两种途径中的每一种都有自身的优点和缺点,对特殊功能聚合物的制备而言,当其他方法都无法实现时,所选的方法或许是更合适的;The choice between the two ways to the synthesis of functionalized polymers depends mainly on the required chemical and physical properties of the support for a specific application. 功能聚合物合成的两种方法中,如何选择主要取决于特殊应用要求的主链聚合物的化学和物理性质;Usually the requirements of the individual system must be thoroughly examined in order to take full advantage of each of the preparative techniques. 为了充分利用每种制备方法,必须全面地考察独立体系的要求;Rapid progress in the utilization of functionalized polymeric materials has been noted in the recent past. 近年来,功能化聚合物材料的使用方面有了飞速的发展;Interest in the field is being enhanced due to the possibility of creating systems that combine the unique properties of conventional active moieties and those of high molecular weight polymers. 由于能够制造出来兼有活性官能团特性和高分子量聚合物性能的功能聚合物,所以,人们对功能聚合物这个领域的兴趣与日俱增;The successful utilization of these polymers are based on the physical form, solution behavior, porosity, chemical reactivity and stability of the polymers. 这些聚合物的成功利用,基于功能聚合物的物理形态,溶液行为,空隙率,化学活性及稳定性;The various types of functionalized polymers cover a broad range of chemical applications, including the polymeric reactants, catalysts, carriers, surfactants, stabilizers,ionexchange resins, etc.各种功能化聚合物类型覆盖化学应用的宽广领域,包括聚合物试剂,催化剂, 载体,表面活性剂,稳定剂,离子交换树脂等;In a variety of biological and biomedical fields, such as the pharmaceutical, agriculture, food industry and the like, they have become indispensable materials, especially in controlled release formulation of drugs and agrochemicals. 在生物学及生物医学领域中,如药物,农业,食品工业等, 在生物学及生物医学领域中,如药物,农业,食品工业等,功能聚合物是不可缺少的材料,尤其在药物和农药的控制释放配方上;Besides, these polymers are extensively used as the antioxidants, flame retardants, corrosion inhibitors, flocculating agents, antistatic agents and the other technological applications. 此外,这些聚合物被广泛地用做抗氧化剂,阻燃剂,缓蚀剂, 絮凝剂,抗静电剂及其他技术应用;In addition, the functional polymers possessp’zes broad application prospects in the high technology area as conductive materials, photosensitizers, nuclear track detectors, liquid crystals, the working substances for storage and conversion of solar energy, etc. 另外,功能化聚合物在高科技领域具有广阔的应用前景; 如导电材料,光敏剂,核径迹探测器,液晶,用于太阳能等的转化与储存的工作物质;第十二单元实验室制备氨基树脂氨基树脂是由氨基衍生物和醛在酸性或碱性条件下反应生产得到的其中最重要最具代表性的物质是脲醛树脂和蜜胺树脂; 药品：尿素,福尔马林37%,乙醇,2N NaOH, NaOH溶液,1N标准NaOH溶液,1N标准HCl溶液,冰醋酸,糠醇,三乙醇胺,木粉,磷酸钙,氯化铵, H2SO4溶液,Na 2SO3,1%乙醇百里酚酞指示剂溶液,三聚氰胺,甘油和单羟甲基脲; 装置：烧瓶和烧杯,500ml的三口烧瓶,加热套,机械搅拌器,冷凝器,迪安—斯达克塔分水器,烘箱,广泛试纸,试管,250mL的容量烧瓶,冰浴,10ml 的移液管,滴管,油浴和广口瓶; 酸性条件下制备脲醛树脂：为了证明尿素和甲醛在酸性条件下的迅速反应,将5 g尿素和6 mL福尔马林在试管中混合,振荡试管直到尿素全部溶解;滴加4滴 N H2SO4以调节溶液pH到4,观察析出沉淀所需要的时间,取出部分沉淀并比较此沉淀以及单羟甲基脲样品在水中的溶解性;制备脲醛树脂粘合剂：将600g1mole尿素和137g福尔马林放入500ml三口烧瓶中,并安装好机械搅拌器和回流冷凝器,通过用广泛试纸测定用2NNaOH溶液把混合物PH值调至7~~8,然后将混合物回流2小时;1每隔半小时用下面的方法测定一次混合物中的自由甲醛含量,直到水完全脱除为止;2 当混合物回流2小时后,将迪安—斯达克塔分水器安装在烧瓶和回流冷凝器之间 ;大约有40ml水被蒸馏,用5滴冰醋酸将溶液酸化；将44g糠醇和的三乙醇胺加入到反应混合液中,加热此溶液到90℃并恒温15分钟;将混合物冷却到室温;取出15g的树脂样品和由1g木粉,磷酸钙和氯化铵组成的硬化剂混合 ;将混合物进行室温固化;3将剩下的没有加工硬化剂的树脂放入广口瓶中并提交给实验导师;自由甲醛含量的测定：自由甲醛含量的测定：准备250mL 1N Na2SO3溶液,并中和该溶液,从而使其产生淡蓝色的百里酚酞指示剂溶液;在250ml锥形瓶中加入重为2到3克的树脂样品到100mL的水中,摇晃锥形瓶使锥形瓶内的溶液充分溶解;如果树脂不能溶解,加入乙醇可以帮助溶解;在冰浴中使溶液的温度下降到4℃,加25mL的1M Na2SO3溶液在100mL的烧瓶中,用移液管移取10ml标准的1N HCl溶液到烧瓶中,降温至4℃;加10-15滴百里酚酞指示剂溶剂到样品烧瓶中,调整溶液的颜色至淡蓝色;用冷水冷却以后迅速地转移酸式亚硫酸盐溶液到样品烧瓶中;4滴定溶液到百里酚酞的终点标准1N NaOH 溶液;CH2O+Na2SO3+H2O →CH2OHSO3-Na++NaOH通过中和树脂溶液的HCl溶液的量来测定自由甲醛的百分含量;三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的制备：在一个500ml的配置有机械搅拌器和一个冷凝器的反应器中加入63g 的三聚氰胺和122g的福尔马林37%;混合物回流40分钟;%自由甲醛需要每隔十分钟测定一次;自由甲醛的测定步骤如上所述;样品经过20分钟加热后,在烧瓶和冷凝器间插入一个迪安—斯达克分水器,从而有10mL的水被蒸馏掉;把未固化的样品放入螺丝帽的坛子中,连同固化的树脂一起交给实验指导老师;15单元到目前为止大多数的PVC生产通过悬浮聚合;在这个过程中,氯乙烯单体悬浮液体滴,在连续水相剧烈的搅拌和保护胶体的悬浮剂;使用单体溶自由基引发剂polymeri等自下而上发生在悬浮液滴内,通过一个机制,已被证明相当于本体聚合;商业植物是基于批量反应堆,这增加了支持的大小,多年来;原来的工厂建于1940年代通常由IOOO 加仑反应堆;在1960年代和1950年代这t0 3000一5000加仑和增加随后,在1970年代初,29000加仑反应堆系统开发的胫完全②,t0 44000加仑200立方米的德国公司Huls;目前一些新的工厂正在建造的反应堆由不到isooo加仑容量,有一个批处理大小约25吨单体;小型反应堆通常衬玻璃给光洁度,抵制存款的搁置在墙上;~大反应堆通常的抛光不锈钢;氯乙烯的聚合反应是一个放热反应的能力,移走热量通常试图减少反应时间的限制因素;随着规模的反应堆已经增加了表面积体积比,因此加重这一问题;内部冷却线圈通常不用作吸引存款和很难清洁,从而对产品性能有不利影响;问题通常是克服使用冷冻水或回流冷凝器的装置,通过氯乙烯单体的连续回流;利用其潜热冷却的目的;一个简单的悬浮聚合配方可能包含以下成分:冷水通常是首先向反应堆虽然有时预热;然后添加pH值调节剂紧随其后的是分散剂的形式解决方案;发起者年代立即撒到水相的表面密封反应堆然后撤离前去除氧,因为这可以增加聚合时间,影响产品性能;当引发反应完成乙烯氯化物被指控和加热反应堆的内容开始;反应但真正的,产品分子量的主要控制因素;通常是在50——70 'c导致反应堆压力范围100 - 165 psi;趋势是朝着大的操作只打开关闭反应堆维护或可能偶尔打扫道;”:在这种情况下所有的原料都是负责解决方案或分散体,一般不需要疏散的一步;当达到所需的转换了,通常75%一95%,反应可以如果需要化学short-stopped和剩余的大部分单体恢复;他产品泥浆然后剥下来非常低的残留氯乙烯治疗-水平表示“状态”姆温度升高,在反应堆或类似容器,或接触蒸汽在逆流多平台汽提塔;然后脱水离心法和由此产生的泥浆湿饼乾,多级闪蒸干燥机一般,虽然各种不同的干燥类型使用不同的生产;干燥后,产品是通过某种剥皮屏幕去除无关的大颗粒装袋之前或装载散装油轮;—T 16 Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer第十六单元丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物合成橡胶工业,以自由基乳液过程为基础,在第二次世界大战期间几乎很快地形成;那时,丁苯橡胶制造的轮胎性能相当优越,使天然橡胶在市场黯然失色;丁苯橡胶的标准制法是组分重量分数组分重量分数丁二烯72 过硫酸钾苯乙烯25 肥皂片十二烷基硫醇水180 混合物在搅拌下50℃加热,每小时转化5%～6%,在转化率达70%～75%时通过加入“终止剂”聚合反应终止,例如对苯二酚大约的重量百分含量,抑制自由基并避免过量支化和微凝胶形成;未反应的丁二烯通过闪蒸去除,苯乙烯在萃取塔中通过蒸汽萃取剥离;在加入抗氧剂后,例如N-甲基-β-萘胺的重量百分含量,加入盐水,其次加入稀释的硫酸或硫酸铝后乳液凝胶;凝胶碎片被洗涤、干燥。
博士复试英文PPT
3. PTBP1 enhances exon11a skipping of Mena premRNA in lung cancer cells
Results
1. PTBP1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and 95-D cells and upregulation of PTBP1 is associated with EMT progress
2. PTBP1 promotes migration and invasion of lung cancer cells
Master Research
PTBP1 enhances exon11a skipping in Mena premRNA to promote migration and invasion in lung
carcinoma cells
Background Objectives Technology Methods Results Conclusions
5. PTBP1-mediated migration and invasion of 95-D cells are partially dependent on MenaINV
Results
2.1. Overexpressed PTBP1 promotes levels of EMT-related proteins in lung cancer cells
Technology Methods
Results
1. PTBP1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and 95-D cells and upregulation of PTBP1 is associated with EMT progress
陶氏百历摩生物基丙烯酸乳液斩获2019年荣格技术创新奖
维网布经由冷冻水辊筒进行冷却。
(10)涂覆表面积处理层:将冷却后的三级聚酯纤维网布送入表处间,在处理层涂液中浸渍5~10s,通过滚筒印刷方式对发泡材料的正反面都涂覆处理层涂液,表处剂湿含量为20~30g/m2。
将表处过的材料送入表处烘箱中,在135~150℃下干燥20~30s,冷却后,得到篷房用保温、隔热、防噪音发泡材料。
按以上生产工艺流程,可以制造出厚度在3~6 mm之间的PVC涂层发泡材料。
聚酯纤维网布底面胶层涂液的上糊量为80~100g/m2;发泡层涂液的上糊量为200~600g/m2;表面处理层涂液的湿上糊量为20~30g/m2,使产品具有防污自洁效果。
3结语高倍率PVC涂层发泡材料发泡过程中有两个工艺控制要点:一是底面涂覆的普通PVC糊剂要尽量少,但要保证完全覆盖聚酯纤维网布层,以利于热量传递;二是烘箱底部风量要比上风口风量大,目的是使发泡更加均匀。
采用以上配方、结构以及工艺,制得的发泡材料具有导热系数低、密度小、柔韧性高、防火防水、防辐射、抗静电等特性。
同时,该发泡材料用作保温材料时,可收集多余热量,并适时平稳释放,使温度变化梯度小,有效降低热损耗,达到保温、隔热、防噪音的效果。
参考文献：[1]华载文,王忠霞,尹哲.耐洗防酸防碱防水透湿涂层布的研制[J].纺织学报,1994,15(2):31-33.[2]张玉龙,任滨.塑料制品配方与制备手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2015:22.收稿日期:2019年5月谢志海：高倍率PVC涂层发泡材料生产工艺第6期Production Process of High-rate PVC-CoatedFoaming MaterialXIE ZhihaiAbstract:The preparation process of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)coated foaming materials is quite complicated,it has high requirements on formula,foaming temperature,and oven air volume.At present,there is no domestic manufacturer that can produce PVC-coated foaming materials with thickness of more than5mm.Through exploring and studying the foaming principle,paste formula of PVC-coated foaming material,coating process and application field of finished products,the PVC-coated foaming material with high foaming ratio(6to8times)was prepared to fill the gap of top products in this industry.Key words:Foaming principle;PVC-coated foaming materials;Production process陶氏百历摩生物基丙烯酸乳液斩获2019年荣格技术创新奖最近，陶氏公司旗下陶氏涂料材料业务部最新研制的百历摩生物基丙烯酸乳液荣膺“2019涂料行业-荣格技术创新奖”，这是陶氏连续第九年获此殊荣。
一种松香基小分子水凝胶剂及其形成的超分子水凝胶
一种松香基小分子水凝胶剂及其形成的超分子水凝胶A pine resin-based small molecular hydrogelator and the supramolecular hydrogel formed by itHydrogels are a class of three-dimensional networks thatcan absorb a large amount of water while maintaining their solid-like structure. They have attracted significant attention in various fields, such as biomedical engineering, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, due to their unique properties. In recent years, there has been growinginterest in developing hydrogelators that are derived from natural sources.One particular type of natural material that has shown promise as a hydrogelator is pine resin. A hydrogelator isa compound capable of forming hydrogels through self-assembly. Pine resin, also known as rosin or colophony, is obtained from the sap of various types of pine trees. It consists mainly of resin acids, which are long-chain carboxylic acids.Research has shown that certain small molecules derivedfrom pine resin can act as effective hydrogelators. These small molecules have amphiphilic properties, meaning they possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. This property enables them to self-assemble in an aqueous environment and form a stable network structure within the gel.The formation of supramolecular hydrogels by these pineresin-derived small molecules involves several steps. First, the small molecules dissolve in an organic solvent such as ethanol or methanol. Then, water is added to the solutionto induce gelation. As water molecules interact with the hydrophilic regions of the small molecules, they disruptthe non-covalent interactions holding the gelator molecules together, leading to gel formation.The resulting supramolecular hydrogels exhibit several advantageous properties for various applications. For example, they have excellent mechanical strength andstability due to the network structure formed byintermolecular interactions between the gelator molecules. The gels also display good biocompatibility and biodegradability, making them suitable for biomedical applications.In addition, the porosity of the hydrogel network can be easily controlled by adjusting the concentration of the gelator or the solvent composition. This tunability allows for the encapsulation and controlled release of bioactive molecules, making these hydrogels promising candidates for drug delivery systems.Furthermore, these pine resin-derived hydrogels have shown potential in tissue engineering. The three-dimensional structure of the hydrogel provides a suitable environment for cell growth and proliferation. It can also mimic the extracellular matrix, facilitating cell adhesion and differentiation.In conclusion, pine resin-based small molecular hydrogelators have demonstrated their ability to form supramolecular hydrogels with unique properties. Thesehydrogels have great potential in various fields, including biomedical engineering, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Further research and development in this area may lead to exciting advances and applications in the future.三维网络结构的，能吸收大量水分而保持固态结构的凝胶被称为水凝胶，并由其独特的性质在生物医学工程、药物传递和组织工程等领域引起了重要关注。
[高分子材料] 香港大学汤初阳教授团队《膜科学》：利用聚合物薄膜自身形变构筑微纳粗糙结构的新策略
![[高分子材料] 香港大学汤初阳教授团队《膜科学》：利用聚合物薄膜自身形变构筑微纳粗糙结构的新策略](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/8a0161a3aef8941ea76e0564.png)
香港大学汤初阳教授团队《膜科学》：利用聚合物薄膜自身形变构筑微纳粗糙结构的新策略2019-01-12超浸润薄膜材料是指对水或者油具有不同超浸润性质的薄膜，如超亲水膜（水在膜表面的接触角接近于0°），超疏水膜（水在膜表面的接触角大于150°）等。
由于这种功能性膜对油、水不同的特殊浸润性能，使得其在油水分离、气体分离、膜蒸馏、二氧化碳捕集和新型燃料电池等不同过程中具有广泛的应用。
一般来说，超浸润薄膜主要通过表面化学修饰以及提高表面粗糙度来制备。
其中，具有多尺度微纳米结构粗糙表面的构筑是实现薄膜材料超浸润性能的关键步骤之一。
目前研究者已经发展出了多种方法在薄膜表面构筑微纳米结构以提高薄膜的表面粗糙度。
概言之，这些方法可以归类为两大类：第一大类为通过雕刻、模板、机械加工等手段将薄膜表面本身的某些部位除去，从而在表面形成多层次的结构(Top-down AHAHAGAHAGAGGAGAGGAFFFFAFAFstrategy)。
这些方法虽然能比较精确调控结构，但其制备过程通常较为复杂，而且成本较高。
另外一大类为通过构筑或者沉淀等手段，在膜表面增加一些外来的结构，从而形成多层次结构(Button-up strategy)，常见的方法包括自组装法、化学沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶法、纳米颗粒聚集法等。
但是这些纳米颗粒容易受环境影响而逐渐流失，阻碍了这些材料在复杂环境中的稳定应用。
图1. 溶剂/热引发的粗糙过程的原理示意图及粗糙处理前后PVDF纳米纤维膜的形貌结构鉴于此，香港大学汤初阳教授团队与阿卜杜拉国王科技大学王鹏教授合作，提出一种利用材料自身形变构筑粗糙表面的新策略：应用水热处理，通过水热溶剂对薄膜表面的有限度溶胀，在薄膜上形成硬内核-软表面（即溶胀的表面）的特殊过渡结构；由于水热反应的温度和压力作用，该特殊结构由软表面向硬内核发生可控的变形和/或破裂，进而在薄膜表面形成多尺度的微纳米结构，由此提高聚合物薄膜的表面粗糙度（图1）。
聚酯多元醇书籍
聚酯多元醇书籍
以下是一些关于聚酯多元醇的书籍推荐：
1. 《Polyester Polyols: Chemistry, Technology, and Properties》——作者: D.K. Owens, R.C. Moore
这本书全面介绍了聚酯多元醇的化学原理、技术和性质，涵盖了制备、鉴定和应用等各个方面。
2. 《Polyester Polyols: Chemistry and Technology of Polyurethanes》——作者: Mihai Lupascu
此书深入探讨了聚酯多元醇在聚氨酯制备中的应用，包括反应机理、聚合工艺和产品性能等方面。
3. 《Polyesters and Polyemides》——作者: B. K. Gupta
本书是对聚酯和聚酰胺等合成聚合物的综合性介绍，其中也包括了聚酯多元醇的制备与应用。
4. 《Polyurethanes: Science, Technology, Markets, and Trends》——作者: B. G. Crowther
此书详细介绍了聚氨酯材料，其中也对聚酯多元醇进行了论述，从科学、技术、市场和趋势等角度分析了聚氨酯的发展。
5. 《Polyurethane Elastomers》——作者: Marcelo Rubinstein, Gnana Bharathi
本书着重介绍了聚氨酯弹性体的制备和应用，其中也包含了聚酯多元醇的筛选与设计。
这些书籍都是在聚酯多元醇领域具有权威性而全面的引导，能够帮助读者深入了解聚酯多元醇的性质、制备和应用等方面，适合从事聚酯多元醇相关领域的研究人员、工程师和学生阅读。
化学元素拟人图-英文版
Xenon is a rare noble gas with
an alien-sounding name.
CAESIUM
Caesium is one of the most reactive element exploding videncty in water.
CERIUM
Lanthanum is the first of the Rare Earth elements and is used in studio lights.
of aquamarine and emerald・
NITROGEN
Some forms of Nitrogen are toxic and other forms cause light-headedness.
Neon glows red・orange when an electric charge runs through it
Germanium is a semic on ductor used in cell phones and other electronics.
■
Selenium, when consumed by cows, can
cause them to go into blind staggers・
J
Strontium, named after the Scottish village
HELIUM
Helium is a nonreactive element aid
the lightest of the noble gases.
CARBON
Carbon can take the forms of
charcoal, graphite, and diamond
PURTIEER PLACENTA
100mg
鹿胎盘萃取浓缩
比例增加到100：1。
100mg
海洋胶原蛋白
纳米级大小100mg，更易吸收。
50mg 20mg
苹果多酚
一天一苹果，医生远离我； 100颗苹果提取20mg。
褐藻糖胶
世界公认的顶级营养保健品。96年日本癌症协会，可让癌证 细胞24小时内自然凋亡。
PURTIER独特完整的配方： 一款产品就有营养补助品中的所有需求
褐藻糖胶
核心钥键
核心钥键
褐藻糖胶
铁皮石斛
抗衰老，促进血液循环，扩张 血管、抗疲劳，润滑关节，养 胃生津，滋润肺部。 有多种微量无素，抗衰老作用
苹果多酚 苹果多酚
强大的抗氧化养分补给站 保护细胞免受自由基伤害 加强身体的防御系统 一颗胶囊有100颗苹果提取的苹果多酚
让器官保持健壮和活力
糖尿病、老年痴呆、阳萎、骨 质疾病、慢性疲劳、更年期。
含多种氨基酸、活性酵素及维生素
加强体内免疫系统
芦荟
促进与改善消化系统
过75种营养养素，有维持消化系统健康的营
养成分。
芦荟
番茄红素 番茄红素
天然胡罗卜素，超级搞氧化剂 有助延续老化
预防心脑血管病、助前列腺、乳房子宫 保健，具有抗氧化延缓衰老作用，调B胡萝卜素与钾 提供人体需要的脂肪酸
消炎、抗过敏、淡化色斑、解除湿疹，降低 白内障、肾结石、中风等患病率，增加毛细
血管弹性。
促进血液循环，为细胞提供氧气 修复受损细胞，延年延寿 促进血液循环。增强免疫力 排除体内毒素，恢复健康体质
取自深海蛟鲨肝脏。
深海胶精
多种维生素与矿物质 调节机能，促进新陈代谢 维持身体机能与健康
瑞士瑞妍 肌肤本质的回归
瑞士瑞妍肌肤本质的回归
凡土
【期刊名称】《美容院》
【年(卷),期】2006(000)001
【摘要】新一代进化活细胞产品瑞士瑞妍Cellcosmet及男性专用霜Cellmen是结合了生物学家、病理学家、皮肤科医师及化妆学权威共同研创出的一套添加稳定性生物活细胞护肤上品。
【总页数】2页(P94-95)
【作者】凡土
【作者单位】无
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TS974.1
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