法律英语基础句子：Contempt of court 藐视法庭
英美法庭上常用的英语表达举隅
英美法庭上常用的英语表达举隅作者：来源：《英语世界》2019年第04期作为口头法律语言的一种，法庭英语有其独到的特点。
在英美律政电影、电视剧（legal drama）中，常常也能看到法庭审判的情景。
那么，英美法庭上常用的英语表达有哪些呢？作者略举几例，以便引发读者思考。
1. Oyez （ /oʊˈjɛz/， /oʊˈjeɪ/， /oʊˈjɛs/ ）Oyez 起源于法语oyer，是它的祈使形式。
虽有多个读音，但简而化之可以读作Oh-Yes！意思等于“Hear！ Attend！”常用于中世纪的英格兰和法兰西。
如今，美国的最高法院在开庭前，仍会来上一段“The Honorable， the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Oyez！ Oyez！ Oyez！ All persons having business before the Honorable， the Supreme Court of the United States， are admonished to draw near and give their attention，for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this Honorable Court.”the Court crier连续喊上两到三遍Oyez，示意大家注意并保持肃静，以宣布开庭，是法官入席的一个仪式。
这个短语在美国其他联邦法院也在使用，如华盛顿特区巡回上诉法院，美国第二、第三、第七巡回上诉法院，美国得克萨斯州南区地方法院，宾夕法尼亚东部地区、弗吉尼亚东区以及弗吉尼亚、北卡罗莱纳、马里兰州法院等。
2. Court shall rise！当法庭肃静下来之后，the marshal of the Court （Court crier）会要求全体起立，请法官和审判人员入庭。
法律英语基础：Court 法庭
法律英语基础：Court 法庭1.A judicial forum has nothing to do with what is not before it.法院不能主动寻找案件。
2.The court found the accused guilty on all charges.法院裁定被告犯有所有被指控的罪行。
3.The court has made an order for specific performance.法院已经作出强行履行裁定。
4.The court ordered the company's funds to be seized.法院命令没收公司资金。
5.The court recorded an open verdict on the dead policeman.法庭对警察死因不明的裁定做了记录。
6.The court returned a verdict of death by misadventure.法院裁定为意外事故死亡。
7.She was acting on the authority of the court.她按法院给她的权利做事。
8.Six weeks elapsed before the court order was put into effect.法院命令六周以后才生效。
9.The court asked for details of the background to the case.法院要求了解案件详细的背景情况。
10.The court asked the accused to show good cause why he should not be sent to prison.法院让被告拿出他不应该被监禁的充足的理由。
11.The court dismissed the action.法院驳回了诉讼。
12.The court extended the defendant's time for servinghis defense by fourteen days.法院把被告送交警答辩状的时间延长了14天。
常用法律词汇英文表达汇总
A b i n i t i o从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。
Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。
Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
Adjourn休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。
如要将聆讯押后再排期重审，称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。
Affidavit誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit，而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation，两者的格式用词有些分别，但主要作用相同。
Allegation声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言，例如：The Plaintiff alleged that his loss was due to the Defendant’s breach of contract，原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。
Allegation是名词。
Assault殴打，侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为，称为Assault，一般性质的殴打，称为“Common Assault”；严重者称为Aggravated Assault；未经许可触摸他人身体，可以被控非礼，称为Indecent Assault。
As is现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中，指物业的现状。
“The property is and will be sold on an “as is”basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。
Bail保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告，可以暂时被释放。
保释可以是有条件的，也可以是无条件的。
法律英语英汉对照
Part 41 Ownership 所有权1.A person may own land notwithstanding that another has an easement, such as a right of way, over it. 一个人可拥有土地，尽管他人对土地具有地役权，诸如通行权。
2.A person in possession is not bound to prove that the possessions belong him.占有者无须证明自已为物主。
3.He is the de jure owner of the property.他是财产的注定所有权人。
4.His title to the property is defective.他的产权具有瑕疵。
5.Marital property is the same as community property and is divided equally upon divorce.夫妻财产也同样属于共同财产，离婚时应作平均分配。
6.One independent object can only and only needs to establish one property right.一物只能且只须有一个产权。
7.One should enjoy his property in such a manner as not to injure that of another person.享有自已的财产应以不损害他人的利益为限。
8.Ownership has been described as "the entirety of powers of use and disposal allowed by law".所有权被称作是“法定使用权和处置权的集合体。
”9.Ownership in indivision is ended by a partition of the property.未分财产的所有权经财产分割即告疑终结。
法律英语词汇
Garnishee第三债务是法定债务人的债权，例如在银行中的存款，出租楼宇所得的租金等。
如果败诉的一方，并没有依照法庭判令对另一方作出赔偿，胜诉一方便可以向败诉方的第三债务发出扣记令，要求从该第三债务中取得获判的赔偿。
Guarantee保证保证人(Guarantor)承诺当某人不作出某指定的行为时，例如不依期还款，便负责赔偿受保证人的损失。
保证一般都会以书面并以契约形式订立，称为Deed of Guarantee。
Hearing聆讯案件在公开审讯前，法庭进行的各项中途聆听与讼各方的申请或陈述，聆讯一般都在内庭形式进行，与案无关人士不得列席。
Hearsay evidence传闻证据不是证人从亲身经历而得的证据，只是听取其它人的转述，或者呈交由他人制定的文件，例如收费单据等。
Implied term默示条款在合约中并没有明文订立的条款，但因为事实的需要，法例的规定或者有关行业的惯例，在合约中加诸的条款。
例如在雇佣合约中，虽然没有订明雇员必须尽忠职守，勤力工作，但其实这些条件，经已默示在合约当中，被视为有效的条款。
Infringement侵犯权利一般指侵犯了他人的民事权利，多用于知识产权的侵占行为。
例：Using a registered trade mark without its owner’s permission is a serious infringement of the owner’s proprietary right. 盗用他人注册商标是一项严重的侵犯权利行为。
Injunction禁制令禁制令是法庭颁下禁止某项行为或不行为，受禁人必须遵从命令的指示，例如不可以接近某人等，或者清除所有非法僭建物等，不理会禁制令等于是藐视法庭，可以被判罚款甚至监禁。
Instrument文书，文件处理法律事务及作为证据的文件，例如股份转让时用的转让文书(Instrument of Transfer)。
Inter alia其它以外在法律文件书信中，经常会出现这个拉丁词，意思是在“当中列出这一项”，即是尚有其它事项。
法庭上常用的英语
Contributory Negligence——分担责任、过失责任
Contributory negligence， is a common law defence to a claim or action in tort. It applies to a situation where a plaintiff or claimant has, through their own negligence, caused or contributed to the injury they suffered from a tort. For example where a pedestrian crosses a road carelessly and is hit by a driver who is also driving carelessly.
Counter Claim——反诉、反要求、反索赔
A claim by the defendant in a civil action that the defendant is entitled to damages or other relief from the plaintiff.
【注】庭审口译员，即将庭审内容翻译成其他语言的人。庭审口译主要发生在刑事案件和青少年案件中，象离婚等民事案件无权要求庭审口译。
『笺』 有史记载的法庭口译最早可以追溯到十七世纪在南非的殖民时期（Moeketsi, 1999; Mikkelson，2000）。Colin Morris (1996)比较详细地记录了1682年和1820年在英国进行的有口译服务的庭审（引自Mikkelson，2000）。1682年的那次庭审涉及一件凶杀案，诉讼各方有多种语言背景。而当时法庭在决定哪一方诉讼人有权享有法庭口译服务时，依据的不是各方的语言需求而是阶级，即说英语的贵族才有权享有口译服务。1820年的庭审则是一场涉及卡罗琳王后的通奸案。该案的庭审口译不仅翻译了证人证言的语言内容，而且还解释了其中的文化差异（Mikkelson，2000）。
法律术语英语词汇
法律术语英语词汇draft 法案,草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权〖第一范文网整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有。
〗disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税action of debt 债务诉讼acquit 无罪adjourn 暂时停止执行administrative decision 行政判决结果ad damnum 主张一定数额的赔偿金adverse judgement 不利的判决affidavit 传票送达人所写的切结书affirm 确定原判决affirm defence 积极的抗辩agency stage 行政机关的裁决agency hearing 听证会allegation 主张的事实american law 美国法an ex parte hearing 一方当事人到庭说明an adversary hearing 双方当事人到庭辩论answer 答辩状appellate jurisdiction 上诉管辖权appeal 上诉appellant 上诉人appellee 被上诉人appropriate 永久占有arrest the judgement 暂时终止法院判决结果arraignment 刑事案件法官与当事人之间安排案件的程序assigned counsel 公设辩护人assumpsit 承诺履行bailment 寄托制度bail 保释beyond the reasonable doubt 超越合理的怀疑bill of Middlesex 早期诉讼当事人向国王秘书处申请的令状，同意发给后才能到国王法院进行诉讼bailliff 法庭内的法警bias 偏见bench of conference 到法官室或法官面前进行会议bond 提供担保burden of proof 举证责任case law 案例法cause of action 起诉理由chancellor 衡平法官chancery division 衡平法庭circuit court 巡回法院civil law 大陆法civil right act 人权法案civil procedure 民事诉讼法clerk 书记官closing argument 诉讼结论co－defedant 共同被告common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation 宣誓采证法compurgatory 宣誓采证法中的证人complaint 起诉状concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration 约因consortium 婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪contract under seal 封印契约contributory negligence 加工过失corpus juris secundum 美国法律百科全书counterclaim 反诉court of common pleas 民诉法院court of king's bench 王室法院court of exchequer 财务法院court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院court of common bench 民诉法院court of chancery 衡平法院court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院court of probate 遗嘱继承法院court of divorce 婚姻法院court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院court of assize 巡回法院court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院court of second instance 第二审法院court of the international trade 国际贸易法院court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant 封印契约赔偿令状cross claim 被告间诉讼cross examnation 复向对方提出之证人curia regis 国王的法院damages 损害赔偿debt 返还确定金钱的令状decree 衡平法院作成的判决deductive reasoning 演绎法default judgement 一造判决defendant 被告defendant in error 被上诉人demurrer 驳回deposition 诘问内容作成的笔录detinue 非法留置的动产回复令状dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决discovery process 发现程序dismiss 驳回dissenting opinion 不同意见书district court 地方法院diversity jurisdiction 多元管辖权docket 案件登陆dual system 双轨并行制度due process 正当程序ejectment 不动产侵害令状en banc 法院全体法官共同审理equatible right衡平上的权利equatible defence 衡平抗辩estate 遗产ex post facto 溯及既往expert witness 专家证人express mention 明示其一排除其他原则expressio unius est exclusio alterius 明示其一排除其他原则exclusive jurisdiction 排他的管辖权exclusionary rule 证据排除法则eyre system 巡回制度felony 重罪foreman of jury 陪审团主席forms of action 严格的诉讼形式forum 法院fountain of all justices 正义的源泉freehould interest in land 对土地有完全权利者general assumpsit 不当得利令状general jurisdiction 一般管辖权geografhic jurisdiction 地域管辖权grand jury 大陪审团habeas corpus 人身保护令状hearsay evidence 传闻证据high court of justice 高级法院holding 法院判决house of lords 上议院house of commons 下议院hearing 听证会impeach 质疑证人的可信度impleader 第三人诉讼implied promise 默示承诺in personam jurisdiction 对人诉讼independent source rules 独立咨询取得的证据indictment 起诉inductive reasoning 归纳法inevitable discovery rule 当然发现原则inferior court 美国联邦法院第一级法院统称小法院information 检察官的起诉状in good faith 诚信善意原则injunction 禁止命令instruction 法官向陪审团作指示interlocutory appeal 中间上诉intermediate appellate court 中间上诉法院inerrogatory 诘问的问题issues 争点joint and several liability 连带赔偿责任judicial act 司法法案judicial committee of the privy council 枢密院司法委员会judgement on the verdict 确定原判决judgement notwithstanding the verdict 自行判决jurisdiction over the subjuct matter 对物诉讼jury 陪审团juvenile court 青少年法院judgement 法官作成的判决king's bench division 王室法庭king's council国王的咨询会议民商法学与经济法学专业词汇〖文字大小：大中小〗〖打印〗〖收藏到：QQ 百度雅虎〗〖关闭〗元宵短信元宵彩信民商法学与经济法学专业词汇Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人the infringed本人名义：in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度compensation system不动产登记制Lot and Block System财产法property law财产的添附accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权property mortgage财产继承权：the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships财产管理人property administrator; custodian of property财产混同confusion; hotchpot财产留置权encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单warehouse voucher草签合同initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同long-term contract偿付能力solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权right of rescission; right of revocation 撤销要约revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权carrier’s lien诚信原则principle of good faith诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人charterer船舶抵押权right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会：the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿punitive damages乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产dispose of properties处分权act of disposition处分原则principle of disposition代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by 代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任undivided responsibility单方法律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为unilateral administrative act等价有偿：making compensation for equal value 对等原则principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对人权right in personam; personal right对世权real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides法人judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力legal capacity of juristic person 法人的责任能力capacity for responsibility of juristic person法人权限corporate power法人人格corporate personality法人身份status of a legal person法人团体corporation法人资格corporate capacity法人组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person负共同连带责任liable jointly and severally负全部责任bear all responsibilities; in all charge 负有解释的义务accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the joint debtors附带的条件incident附带要求contingent claim附带原因contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利conditional right赋予权力entitle个体工商户：individual businesses个人合伙：individual partnership各尽所能，按劳分配from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce公民基本义务fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法contract law合同副本copies of the contract合同规定contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法lex loci contractus合同期限contract period (or contract term)合同条款contract terms (or contract clause) 合同有效期contract life合同正本originals of the contract合伙人：partners合议制collegial system核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered恢复原状recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership技术合同纠纷案件controversy over a technology contract监护人：guardian经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority居民委员会：the neighborhood committee履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households平等主体：civil subjects with equal status企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person企业法人分立、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person企业法人解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person契约自由liberty of contract取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis取得法人资格：be qualified as a legal person全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whole people让与alien; alienate; assign; cede让与的利益benefit of cession让与权benefit of cessioni设定义务的规则rule of imposing duty设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish, change or terminate civil relationship所有权ownership书面合同 a written contract双倍返还定金：repay the deposit in double双方法律行为bilateral legal transaction擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）：alter or rescind one’s act arbitrarily他物权right over the property of another提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge违反合同breach of contract委托代理：entrusted agency委托代理人：an entrusted agent无过错责任liability without negligence无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct无因管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so 下落不明one’s whereabouts have been unknown限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct享有连带权利的每个债权人：each of the joint creditors行使代理权：exercise the power of agency宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare …to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖非法目的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段：as a result of cheating or coercion 意思表示show one’s intention意思表示真实：the intention expressed is genuine优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption优先权priority, preemptive right有过错的一方：the erring party有连带责任的conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失：cause any property loss责任能力capacity for responsibility责任年龄capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的object of obligation债的发生creation of obligation债的消灭extinction of obligation占有人有权留置该财产：the possessor shall have a lien on the property指定代理：appointed agency执行合同carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a contract主要办事机构：the main administrative office追偿：claim compensation from住所：domicile法律专业词汇（法理、法制史、宪法学）Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book; case report; law report柏拉图Plato《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights andFundamental Freedoms, 1950（罗）被视为be deemed as被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal比较法comparative law比较法学comparative jurisprudence比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史comparative legal history比较分析法method of comparative analysis比较刑法comparative penal law比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通办法adaptation; accommodation补充规定supplementary provision补救办法remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文宪法unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律law of the place where the real property is situated; lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力force majuere不可侵犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act; act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照consult参照具体情况in the light of actual conditions参照原文consult the original查士丁尼法典Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus 查士丁尼法规汇编Authenticum超出法律范围的outside of law超出法律权限的extralegal 超过权限exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction成文法written law成文宪法written constitution冲突法conflict of laws; rules of conflict冲突规则conflict rule; rule of conflict除（本法）另有规定外except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)除外条款provisory clause除外责任条款exclusion clause触犯公共利益encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state’s interests触犯人民利益encroach on the interests of the people; go against the people’s interests传统法律观念traditional ideas of law纯粹法学pure theory of law次要法规by law次要规则secondary rule从宽解释原则doctrine of liberal construction从权利accessory right达到法定年龄come of age大法the fundamental law大法官Lord High Chancellor大法官法院Court of Chancery大陆法系Continental Legal System大律师barrister《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty （中）大陪审团grand jury《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中)《大宪章》(1215) Great Charter, 1215(英)单行法规specific regulations单一法律体系unitary legal system单一制政府unitary government但书proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释natural interpretation党纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德规范norm of morality道德义务moral obligation《德国民法典》German Civil code德拉古Draco地方各级人民代表大会local people’s congresses at different levels地方各级人民法院local people’s courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people’s procuratorates at different levels地方各级人民政府local people’s governments at different levels第二读second reading第三读third reading二元论the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制dual constitutional monarchy system二元论the dualistic theory二元论者dualist二元制bicameral system法的本质the nature of law法的变化changes of law法的定义definition of law法的发展development of law法的分类divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的规范作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的实施administration of law; law enforcement法律的适用application of law法律的统一unification of law 法律的推定presumption of law法律的推理analogy of law法律的完整性integrity of law法律的效力范围force’s scale of law法律的效力形式force’s form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进evolutin of law法律的原理principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律方法legal methodology法律分类classification of law法律赋予权力authority conferred by law法律改革law reform法律概念legal concept法律根据legal basis法律工作者legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行process of legal relation法律关系客体object of legal relation法律关系主体subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律规范norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构logical structure of legal rule法律规则体系system of legal rules法律含义intendment of law法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal research法律要件legal requirement法律依据legal basis法律意见legal advice法律意见书legal opinion法律意识law-consciousness法律意义legal sense法律用语legal language法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law andjustice法律渊源source of law法律原本注释gloss法律原理legal doctrines法律原则principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束legal binding; legal restraint法律责任legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结imputaton of legal responsibility 法律责任的认定determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体object of legal responsibility法律责任主体subject of legal responsibility法律哲学philosophy of law; philosophie du droit （法）；philosophia juris法律政策policy of the law法律职业道德legal ethics法律指导legal counsel法律制裁legal sanction法律制度regime of law; legal system法律秩序legal order法律主体资格capacity as a subject of law法律主张proposition of law法律属地原则territoriality of laws法律著述legal literature法律专家legal expert法律专业legal profession法律专著和教科书legal treatise and textbook法律咨询legal advice法律尊严legal sanctity法盲legal illiterates法权right法社会学sociology of law 汉英法律专业词汇（法理、法制史、宪法学）Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution法系legal system法协会law society法学jurisprudence法学博士doctor of jurisprudence法学导论leading principles of law法学的范畴体系the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识the consciousness of category of jurisprudence法学的基石范畴fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法method of jurisprudence法学方法论methodology of jurisprudence法学会law society法学教科书law textbooks法学理论theory of law; legal theory法学权威an academic authority in law法学士bachelor of law法学体系system of jurisprudence法学通论first principles of law法学院faculty of law; law school法医forensic medicine法医学forensic medicine法院court法院调查judicial investigation法院管辖权competence of court法院管辖以外的extrajudicial法院判决court decision法院系统court structure法院组织法judicature act法则articles法哲学philosophy of law法制legal institution法制传统tradition of law system法制的精神spirit of legality法制的尊严dignity of the legal system法制观念legal concept法制观念淡薄very weak in the understanding of law法制教育legal education; education of legal system法制史legal history; history of legal system法治rule of law法治的机制the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素the element of rule of law非实质的immaterial非营利的non-profit非约束性条款permissive provision废止法律annulment of law分别管辖权separate jurisdiction分别财产制separation of property regime分别规定separate provision分担责任share the responsibility分工负责，互相配合，互相制约divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other分工负责制division of labor responsibility system分级管理different levels holding different responsibilities分配制度distribution system分析法理学analytical jurisprudence否决权power veto; veto power否认事实denial of facts服从法律amenable to law; subject to the law服从判决accept a judgment符合程序be in order符合法律be in conformity with law符合宪法constitutionality符合宪法的法律constitutional law符合原则be in conformity with the principle盖尤斯Gaius 概括裁定general verdict概括继承general succession干扰司法公正interference with course of justice 刚性条款entrenched clause刚性宪法rigid constitution岗位责任制post responsibility system高等法院high court; high court of justice高度集中highly centralize高度民主high level of democracy高度自治权high degree of autonomy高级法官senior judge高级法院superior court高级人民法院Higher People’s Court高级人民检察院Higher People’s Procuratortate 搁置set aside; abeyance格式条款clause of style公认的行为准则established standard of conduct规避法律in fraud of law规避义务evade obligations规范的法律规则normative rule of law规范法学normative jurisprudence规范性法律文件normalizative document of law规范性法律文件的规范化normalization of normative legal document国际法international law国际法学international jurisprudence过错方tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原则doctrine of presumption过错责任liability for wrongs; tort liability海事法院court of admiralty《汉穆拉比法典》Code of Hammurabi合并条款consolidation of provisions合法的个人财产legal personal property合法地位legal status合法权益the lawful rights and interests合法行为lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性constitutionality衡平法equity衡平法规则rule of equity衡平法学equity jurisprudence衡平法院Court of Chancery (美)；Court of Equity （英）后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one.后法优于前法lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered互为因果reciprocal causation基本法fundamental law基本法律规范basic norm of law基本方针basic policies基本权利和义务basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假设basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规technical legal rule家庭法family law建立法律关系create legal relations教会法canon law《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici教会法学家decretalists解释法律的技术规则technical rule of interpretation解释权power of interpretation近因immediate cause禁治产人imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地：habitual residence经法律确认的ascertained by law经法律许可authorized by law经验法学scholastic theories of law纠问式审判trial by inspection or examination具有法律约束力的文件legally binding instrument 具有同等效力的with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例binding precedent绝对衡平法absolute equity 君主立宪制度constitutional monarchy开罗会议Cairo Conference凯恩斯主义keynesianism可撤销的法律行为revocable juristic act可让与性alienability可用法律强制执行的enforceable at law可预见的foreseeable可直接适用的法律directly applicable law可追溯的retrospective客观条件objective condition客观因素objective factor客体object扩充解释amplified interpretation理论法理学派theoretical jurisprudence school理性决定说theory of rational decision理性认识conceptual knowledge历史法学historical jurisprudence历史法学派historical school of law历史解释historical interpretation立法机构legislative body立法权law-making power; legislative power 立法委任权legislation mandate立法效力legislative effect立法议案bills立法者law-maker; legislator立宪constitutionalism利益冲突conflict of interests利害关系人interested person连带法律关系joint legal relations连带责任joint and several obligation论理解释logical interpretation罗马法Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系Roman-Law System罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世Justinian I罗马法理学jurisprudential《罗马法律汇编》Roman Digest罗马法学派school of Romanists罗马－日耳曼法系Roman-Germanic family罗马私法Jus Privatum逻辑解释logical interpretation马伯里诉麦迪逊案Marbury vs. Madison马克思主义法律理论Marxism-leninism马克思主义法学Marxist jurisprudence马克思主义法学家Marxist jurist没有事实根据的unsubstantial美国国际法协会American Institute of International Law美国海事法庭Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.美国联邦地区法院United States district courts美国联邦法官federal judge没有法律依据的lawless没有判决先例的案件case of first impression《民法大全》Corpus Juris Civilis民法典civil code民法法系Civil-Law System民法通则：General Principles of the Civil Law民法学science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则“by a preponderance of evidence”in civil cases民事权利能力：the capacity for civil rights民事权益：civil rights and interests 民事诉讼法学Civil Procedure Law民事制裁civil punishment; civil sanction民政部门：the civil affairs department明代法规laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty 明示或默示的express or implied默示表达communication by implication拿破仑法典The Code Napolean内部规章internal regulations纳妾制concubinage南京条约(1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843拟制理论fiction theory拟制买卖mancipatio欧洲大陆法continental law偶然权利contingent right偶然因果关系fortuitous causal relationship偶然因素accidentalia偶因accidental cause排他的权利right to exclude all others派生的权利derived right派生取得derivative acquisition判例法系Case Law System普通法法系Common-Law System判例法系Case Law System判例汇编reports; reports of judgments普通法common lawAb initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。
常用法律英语词汇注解6_法律英语词汇
♦consideration
约因合约是订约方自愿建立的法律关系，是一方以有价值的代价或者承诺以换取对方的承诺或代价，这些合约中的承诺或代价称为约因，缺乏有效的约因，合约便不能成立。
♦contempt of court
藐视法庭是一种严重的罪行，可以被判罚款或监禁。
藐视法庭包括不遵守法庭命令、违反对法庭作出的承诺，妨碍司法公正等行为。
♦contributory negligence
分担疏忽意外中的伤者对意外的造成及他自己的受伤程度，需要分担部份疏忽的责任，他所获得的赔偿额也会相对地减少。
♦copyright
版权是作者对他所创作的作品的发表、翻印、复制等专有权利，版权在作品完成后便自动产生及受法律保护，毋须经过任何注册程序，但必须为原创作品才拥有版权。
♦counterclaim
反申索在民事诉讼中，被告对原告作出申索，而该申索的事实和理据与原告的申索是有关连的，反申索是一项独立的申索，所以原告必须对反申索作出适当的响应，例如进行抗辩等。
♦custody
保管，监护，拘留一般而言，custody这个名词是指对对象的保管或拥有，但在家事法中，custody of children 是指对未成年子女的监护权；而在刑事案件中，则指对被告的拘留。
法律英语基础句子：Contempt of court藐视法庭
法律英语基础句子：Contempt of court藐视法庭1.At common law, conduct tending to interfere with the course of justice in particular legal proceedings constitutes criminal contempt.在普通法上，意在干预具体法律程序的司法过程之行为将构成藐视法庭罪。
2.Because contemptuous conduct interferes with the administration of justice, it is punishable, usually by fine or imprisonment.因藐视法庭行为干扰司法职能，故应予惩罚，通常能够处罚金或监禁。
3.Criminal contempt is crime that is punishable by fine or imprisonment or both.严重的藐视法庭的行为是犯罪行为，可处罚金、监禁或并处。
4.He is in danger of being in contempt of court.他可能会犯藐视法庭罪。
5.He refused to obey the court order and was sent to prison for contempt.他拒绝服从法院命令，因藐视法庭而被收监。
6.His conduct tending to disregard the judge's order constituted contempt of court.他不遵从法官命令之行为构成了藐视法庭罪。
7.The judge imposed an instant fine upon the contemnor.法官当即对藐视法庭罪处了罚金。
8.The judge's decision sets a precedent for future cases of contempt of court.法官的裁决为未来的藐视法庭案制定了一个先例。
法庭常用语——精选推荐
Aa law 法规,法例argumentative question 争论性的问题attempt 企图abate 降低,减少,排除abduct 拐骗,诱拐abortion 堕胎abscond 潜逃,逃跑absolve 宣告无罪abstract 摘要abuse (people) 虐待,辱骂abuse (power) 滥用权利abuse (office) 滥用职权acceptance of bribes 受贿accessory 从犯accident 事故,意外accomplice 共犯,帮凶accord and satisfaction 和解与清偿according to law 按照法律,依照法律,与法律一致accusation 指控,控告accused 被告acquittal 宣告无罪act of Congress 国会法案act of God 不可抗力,天灾adjudication 判决,裁定admitted into evidence 接收为证据admissible evidence 可接纳的证据admission 供认,招认adoption 收养,领养,认养;采用,接纳Adult Probation and Parole 成人缓刑与假释adultery 通奸advisement of rights 权利告诫advocate (n) 辩护人advocate (v) 辩护;倡导affiant 宣誓人,立誓词人affidavit 宣誓书,经宣誓的书面陈述affirm 确认,(上诉院)维持原判aggravated 加重的aggravated circumstances 增加严重性的情节agreement 协议aid and abet 协谋,教唆,帮凶aiding escape 协助逃跑aiding prostitution 协助卖淫alias 别名,化名,假名alibi 不在现场的证据alien 外侨,侨民alimony (付给前配偶的)赡养费allegation 指称,指控alleged thief 被指称为窃贼的人allocution 认罪供词,自白供词amnesty 大赦ancillary 附属的animal control officer 动物检疫人员animal cruelty 虐畜罪anticompetitive practices 防止竞争措施antitrust act 反托拉斯法案,发信托案appeal 上诉appearance 出庭appellate court 上诉法庭applicability 可适应性appoint 指定,委派,委任appraisal 估价aquatic wildlife 野生水中动物,鱼类arbitration 仲裁,公断argument 争辩,辩论arm of the law 法律的权利armed robbery 持械抢劫arraignment 提审,提讯,提堂,过堂arraignment hearing 提讯听证arrest 逮捕,拘捕arrest on suspicion 因有疑而被捕arrest warrant 逮捕证,通缉令arresting officer 执行逮捕的警员arsenal 弹药库,枪械库arson 纵火罪ascertain 确定,查明aspersion 中伤,诽谤assassin 刺客,暗杀凶手assailant 攻击者assault 攻击assault and battery 殴打罪,伤害人身罪assess 估价,征收assets 资产asylum 庇护atrocity 暴行attempted crime 犯罪未遂attempted murder 谋杀未遂audit 稽查,查帐,审计,审核authenticate 鉴定,认证auto burglary 偷汽车里的东西auto theft 偷汽车automobile homicide 车祸杀人autopsy 验尸,尸体剖检avow 招认,承认award (v) 判给award (n) 裁定额Bbackup 后援,后备badge (of a police officer) 徽章bail 保释,保释金bail bond 保释保证金,保金bail bondsman 保释代理人bail forfeiture 保释金没收bail jumping 弃保潜逃,保释中逃跑,逃保Bail Reform Act 保释修正案bailey 法庭bailiff 法警,法庭执行官ban 禁止,禁令,取缔bandit 盗贼,土匪banish 流放,驱逐bar 律师业bar association 律师协会barricade 临时防御,障碍物befouling water 污染水源behavior 品性,行为bench 法官席,法官bench trail 法官(无陪审团)审讯bench warrant 法庭传票beyond reasonable doubt 理无置疑,无合理怀疑bias 偏见bicycle path 自行车/脚踏车/单车专用道bid 投标,出价bigamy 一夫多妻制;重婚罪bill (in a legislature) 议案bill of lading 提货单,提单bill of particular 诉讼明细书Bill of Rights 人权法案,基本权利法案bind over 责令待审binding 有约束力的,附有义务的binding agreement 有约束力的协议birthright 与生俱来的权利black market 黑市blackmail 勒索,敲诈,讹诈blood alcohol 血液内的酒精含量blood test 验血bludgeon 杖刑board certified (medical) 拥有(医学)公会认可的资格执照board examiner (medical) (医学)公会监考员boating infractions 划船游乐方面的违规body search 搜身book verb 入案,落案bookie /bookmaker 赌博(各种比赛)的经纪人bookmaking 外围下注bound 受到约束的bounty hunter 为领赏而追捕逃犯的人brandish a weapon 挥动武器(来威胁)breaking and entering 强行闯入bribe 行贿,贿赂brief 摘要书,辨诉状bring to justice 移送法办,绳之以法burden of proof 举证责任burglary 盗窃,盗窃罪business license 营业执照bylaws 规章,规程C(credit for) time served 已服刑时间campaign contribution 竞选捐献,竞选献金cannabis 大麻,大麻类毒品capital punishment 死刑carcass 动物尸体carjacking 劫车carpool lane 合用车专用道carrying a concealed weapon 身携暗器,携带暗器case 案子,诉讼案件case in chief 主案,控方的证据case law 判例法,案例法causation 因果关系,造事原因causing catastrophe 造成大灾难caveat 警告,中止诉讼的通知cease and desist 停止,制止census 人口普查,人口调查certified 被证明的,有保证的chain of custody 接受监管的次序a. preemptory challenge 不述理由而要求陪审员退席b. challenge for cause 有原因要求陪审员退席challenge (v) 反对,质问change of venue 变更审判地点,转移管辖character evidence 人格证据,品德证据charges 指控,罪名charge to the jury (法官)对陪审团的指导charitable organization 慈善机构,慈善组织charity drive 慈善活动chattel 动产,有形财产chief justice 首席法官child endangerment 危害儿童child labor law 童工法child molestation 猥亵儿童child welfare service 儿童福利服务choking 窒息circuit court 巡回法庭circumstantial evidence 间接证据,旁证citation 罚单,传票civil code 民事法典civil enforcement 执行民事法典civil law 民法civil liberty 公民自由civil right 公民权利claim (n) 要求权claim (v) 声称,断言claim (damages) 索赔claim (lost or stolen property) 认领claimant 债权人,原告,索赔人clandestine 暗中的,秘密的class action lawsuit 集体诉讼classified (advertisement) 分类的classified (document) 保密的clerk of the court 法庭书记closing argument 终结陈述,终结辩论cocaine 古柯碱,可卡因,白粉co-conspirator 共谋人,篡谋人coercion 强迫,胁迫,挟制cohabitation 同居commercial drivers license 商业性驾驶执照commit a crime 犯下罪行commitment hearing 拘禁听证common law 判例法,习惯法,普通法common law marriage 普通法/习惯法上的婚姻community service 社区服务community standards 共同道德标准compelling argument 有道理/有说服力的争辩competence 能力,权限competent council 合格的律师competent court 管辖法院,主管法院complaint 控诉,民事起诉compulsory education 义务教育compulsory process 强制到庭的程序computer crimes 用计算机(电脑)犯罪concealed firearm 夹带/夹藏的枪械concealed weapon 夹带/夹藏武器,暗器concurrent sentences 合并刑期,同时执行confession 认罪,供认,招认confidentiality 保密性,机密性confinement 监禁,拘留confiscate 没收,充公conflict of interest 利益冲突confrontation of witness 证人对质consecutive sentences 连续刑期conspiracy 共谋,篡谋conspiracy to commit a crime 篡谋犯罪constable 警察constitutional right 宪法权利contempt of court 蔑视法庭continuance/continuation (of the case) 诉讼延期,展延contract 契约,合同contract law 合同法,契约法contradict 反驳contradict oneself 自相矛盾contradiction 矛盾convict noun 罪犯convict verb 定罪conviction 定罪,判罪coroner 验尸官correctional officer 狱警,监管警员corroborate 证实costs incurred 所引起的费用counsel 律师counseling 心理辅导count 罪项court 法庭,法院court appointed attorney 法庭任命的律师court interpreter 法庭翻译,法庭传译court of appeals 上诉法院court of last resort 终审法院court of record 案件记录所在的法院credibility 可信度,可信性creditor 债权人crime 罪行crime lab 罪证化验室criminal background information 前科资料criminal code 刑事法典criminal information 刑事检举书criminal intent 犯罪意图criminal justice 刑事司法criminal mischief 刑事恶作剧criminal offense 刑事犯罪criminal proceedings 刑事诉讼程序criminal record 犯罪记录criminal trespass 非法进入他人土地或房屋cross examination 盘问crosswalk 行人穿越道,斑马线,人行横道curfew 宵禁,戒严custodial interference 妨碍监护权custody (of children) 监护权(take into) custody 拘留,扣押DDA (District Attorney) 检查官,检控官damage 损失,损害damages 损害赔偿data 数据,资料de facto 事实上,实际上de jure 法理上deadly weapon 致命武器death sentence 死刑debate 辩论debrief (a witness) 询问(证人)deceit 欺骗,欺诈deception 欺瞒,蒙骗(to issue a) decree 颁布法令,命令deface 毁伤外貌,污损defamation 诽谤default 缺席,逾期未……default judgment 缺席判决defendant 被告defense 辩护,答辩,辨方defense attorney 辩护律师defense exhibit A 辨方呈物甲/证物甲deferred prosecution 缓期起诉defraud 诈骗,欺诈defunct 已死的,已故的,已倒闭demolish 拆毁,拆除denounce 谴责,斥责,驳斥deny (a charge) 否认,否定deny (a request or proposal) 驳回,否决department of corrections 惩治局,狱政局,监狱局,劳改局department of motor vehicles 机动车辆管理局,车管局department of public safety 公安局,公安机关deportation 递解出境,驱逐出境deposition 宣誓证言,宣誓证词deprave 腐化,腐败deputy D.A. 地区副检控官deputy sheriff 警员desecration 亵渎,污辱destruction of property 破坏财物detain 扣留,拘留detainer 扣押令detention 拘留diagnosis 诊断direct evidence 直接证据direct examination 直接询问disavowal 拒绝承担责任discharge 撤销(命令),释放disciplinary action 纪律处分,惩戒处分disciplinary measure 纪律措施discovery 告知准备使用的证据,透露证据dismemberment 肢解dismiss 驳回dismiss with prejudice 有偏见驳回起诉(不可以再诉) dismiss without prejudice 无偏见驳回起诉(可以再诉) disorderly conduct 扰乱治安行为,行为不轨disposition (juvenile) (对未成年人的)判决,处理dissident 异议人士,持不同政见者disturbing public meeting 扰乱公众会议disturbing the peace 扰乱治安diversion 转移,替换divest 剥夺divorce 离婚docket sheet 法院日程表dog fighting 斗狗domestic violence 家庭暴力double jeopardy 双重判案,一罪重审dragnet 法网driver’s education 驾驶培训driving on a suspended license 在驾照吊销期间开车driving record 驾驶记录驾驶纪录driving under the influence 酒后或吸毒后开车,受影响下驾驶drug abuse 滥用毒品drug bust 突击搜捕毒品及贩毒者drug dealer 贩毒者drug trafficking 贩毒drugs 毒品drunk driving 酒后开车due process of the law 适当/应有的法律程序duly sworn 正式发誓Eeavesdropping 窃听,偷听electric chair 电椅,电刑处死electronic monitoring 电子监视elements of the offense 犯法要素eligibility 资格embezzlement 盗用,侵吞,监守自盗emergency medical service 急救服务enhanced penalties 加重刑罚entrapment 陷阱,圈套equal protection 平等保护/保障escape 逃跑,逃脱evidence 证据examination 审查,发问,盘问exclusionary rule 排除不合法证据的法规excusable homicide 可原谅的杀人exculpatory 申明无罪的exhibit 呈物,证物exoneration 证明无罪,免除责任exoneration of bail 免除保释金expert witness 专家鉴定证人exploitation 利用,剥削explosive 炸药,爆炸物expose (a crime) 揭露,揭发expunge 删除,剔除extortion 勒索extradition 引渡eyewitness 目击证人Ffabrication 捏造,伪造fact 事实,真相failure to appear 不出庭罪fair use 公平使用fallacy 谬论false accusation 诬告罪false alarm 虚惊false arrest 非法逮捕falsification of documents 伪造文件falsification of evidence 伪造证据felony 刑事重罪fencing 买卖赃物field sobriety test 现场清醒测验file (n) 档案,卷宗file (v) 提交,入档,提出(诉讼)find (n) 拾得物,掘获物find (v) 判定finding 判决,调查结果fine 罚款fingerprints 指纹fire code 防火规章fire marshal 消防局长fire prevention 防火措施firearms 枪械firecrackers 鞭炮,爆竹fireworks 烟火,焰火,烟花flagellate 鞭打flammable material 易燃物品for the record 记录在案foreclosure 赎回权的取消forensic 法庭的,用于法庭的forensic expert 法医,科学鉴定专家forensic psychiatry 司法精神病学forensic science 科学鉴定学forensics 法医学forfeit 放弃,失去forgery 伪造fornication 私通foster home 寄养家庭,收养所foul language 粗话found liable 判定有责任frame up 造假陷害fraud 行骗,欺诈fugitive 逃犯Ggag order 禁止谈论令gallows 绞刑台gaming 赌博,赌塞gang 帮派,团伙garnish 扣押钱财gas chamber 毒气室genocide 种族灭绝gimmick 手法,手段gist (诉讼中的)主旨,要点,大意good behavior 品行良好good cause 正当理由good faith effort 有诚意的努力grace period 宽限期graffiti 乱涂乱写graft 受贿,渎职grand jury 大陪审团grand theft 重偷窃罪grievously sinful 罪孽深重grievance 不满,冤情gross negligence 严重失职groundless 无根据,没道理ground 理由guardian 监护人guilty 有罪gun runner 军火走私贩gunshot wound 枪伤Hhabeas corpus 人身保护法habitual offender 惯犯habitual sex offender 性惯犯habitual violent offender 暴力惯犯hallucinogen 幻觉剂handcuff 手铐handgun 手枪harassment 骚扰harbor a criminal 窝藏罪犯hate crime 仇恨罪hazardous material 危害物品,危险材料hazing 戏弄,恶作剧hearing 聆讯heroin 海洛因highway patrol 高速公路巡警hijacking 劫持hit and run 驾车肇事后逃跑hoarding 囤积hoax 骗局home detention 软禁homicide 杀人,他杀hostage 人质hostile witness 敌对证人hot pursuit 紧追hung jury 不能做出一致决断的陪审团hunting certificate/license/permit 狩猎许可hunting tag 狩猎标牌Iidentification 身份证identify 认出,辨认,分辨illegal alien 非法居留者illegal immigration 非法移民illegal immigration broker 蛇头illegitimate child 私生子,非婚生子illicit 非法illusory 错觉的immunity 豁免权immunity from liability 责任豁免权immunity from prosecution 检控豁免权impeachment of witness 指责证人impersonation of judge 假扮法官impersonation of police officer 假扮警察implicate 牵连,牵涉implied consent 默认,默示同意impound 没收,扣押,充公imprisonment 徒刑,下狱,坐牢,禁锢in camera 不公开in session 开庭inadmissible 不可接纳的incarceration 监禁incest 乱伦inchoate offenses 犯罪未遂incite 煽动,鼓动inconsistent (statements) 矛盾(供词) incriminate 归罪,使负罪indictment 大陪审团起诉书,大陪审团公诉书indigent 贫穷的indirect evidence 间接证据inducement 诱惑infiltration 渗透influence peddling 招权纳贿informant 告密者,线人information 正式起诉书informed consent 知情的同意infraction 违规,违例inherent right 固有权利inheritance 继承;遗产injunction 禁令,强制令injustice 不公正,不正义,不法inmate 囚犯insanity 精神错乱instigate 煽乱,怂恿insurance 保险insurgent 叛乱的intent 意图interference with public servant 妨害公务罪INTERPOL 国际刑事警察组织interstate 州际intimidation 恐吓intoxilizer 酒醉测试器investigation 调查irrational 不合理智的issue (n) 问题,争论点; 子女,后嗣issue (v) 发行,发出,分配itemize 列举,详细列举Jjail 拘留所,监狱jailbreak 越狱jay-walk 违章穿越马路John/Jane Doe 无名氏joy riding 偷车兜风Judge Advocate General 军法局长,军法处长judgment 判决judicial 司法的judicial notice 司法上应有的知识judiciary 司法系统jump bail 弃保潜逃junk dealer 收售旧物者jurisdiction 司法权,管辖权,判决权jurisprudence 法理家jurist 法学家juror 陪审员juror, alternative 候补陪审员juror, prospective 待选陪审员juror, sworn 正选陪审员jury 陪审团jury box 陪审团席jury instructions (法官给)陪审团的指示jury tempering 非法干预陪审团jury trial 陪审团审案juvenile court 青少年/未成年人法庭juvenile delinquent 青少年/未成年人罪犯Kkidnapping 绑架,绑票killer 凶手kiting 开空投支票kleptomania 盗窃狂knowingly 知情地,故意地Llabor law 劳工法,劳动法landmark decision 里程碑式的判决larceny 盗窃罪laser-sight weapon 激光瞄准武器law code 法典,法例law enforcement agency 执法机构law firm 律师事务所law school 法学院lawsuit 官司,诉讼,案件lead council 首席律师leading question 诱导发问lechery 淫乱行为legal age 法定年龄legal aid 法律援助legal aide 法律助理legal council 法律顾问legal obligation 法律义务legal system 法律体制legal tender 法定货币legalese 法律术语legality 合法性legislature 立法机关法律翻译leniency 宽恕,宽大处理lethal injection 致命性注射剂lethal weapon 致命凶器letter bomb 信件炸弹lewd conduct 猥亵行为,淫秽行为,下流行为liability 应负责任,债务liable 法律责任liability insurance 责任保险libel 诽谤罪lie detector 测谎器lie in wait 埋伏以待lien 留置权,扣押权life sentence 无期徒刑,终生监禁lineup 列队辨认嫌疑犯litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼,打官司littering 乱丢垃圾loaded weapon 装上弹药的武器loan shark 高利贷者lodge a complaint 投诉loitering 闲荡loophole 漏洞looting 洗劫,趁乱打劫losses 损失LSD 迷幻药lynching 私刑处死MMafia 黑手党,黑社会,黑帮团伙magistrate 裁判官mail bomb 邮件炸弹mail fraud 邮件欺诈mail theft 邮件盗窃maiming 残害making arrest 拘捕,逮捕malfeasance 恶行,劣迹malice 恶意malicious mischief 恶意作弄malicious prosecution 恶意控告malign 诬蔑,诋毁malpractice 失职mandate 执行令mandatory 规定的,强制性的mandatory sentences 规定刑期manhunt 搜捕逃犯manslaughter 过失杀人,误杀maritime law 海事法marshal 法警,庭警mass hysteria 集体发疯material facts 重要事实material statement 重要声明material witness 重要证人matter of record 有案可查的事项maxim 格言mayhem 残害身体mediation 调停,仲裁minimum standard 最低标准minor 未成年人Miranda Rights 米兰达权利mischief 恶作剧misconduct 不法行为,不端行为misdemeanor 轻刑罪misleading question 误导问题misnomer 误称misquote 错误引用misrepresentation 虚假不实的陈述missing 失踪mistrial 无效审判(可重审) mitigating circumstances 减罪细节mitigating factors 减罪因素modus operandi 作案方法money laundering 洗钱monopoly 垄断moot (adj.) 假设的,非实际的moral certainty 确实可靠性moral standard 道德标准moral turpitude 违背道德,卑鄙motion 动议motion denied 动议被否决motion granted 动议被批准motive 动机mug shot 入案照片mutilation 切断,残害,毁伤mutiny 兵变,叛变Nnarcotics 麻醉品native-born citizen 土生公民naturalization 入境,归化negligence 疏忽,过失negligent homicide 过失杀人nepotism 任人唯亲,裙带风neutrality law 中立法next of kin 最近亲属night court 晚间法庭no contest 无争议nonfeasance 不履行义务nonpayment 不支付,未缴纳nonresident 非(某地)居民not guilty 无罪notary public 公证人nuisance 妨害公共利益的行为null and void 无效,失效nullify 取消Ooath 誓言objection 反对,抗议,异议obscene 猥亵,淫荡obscene phone call 猥亵/淫秽电话obscenity 猥亵,淫秽,下流obstructing justice 妨害司法offense 罪行,犯法officer 警察,官员official misconduct 官员渎职on the record 记录在案open court 公开法庭opening statement 开案陈述/陈词ordinance 法令,条例ostracism 排斥outlaw (n) 歹徒outlaw (v) 取缔,剥夺(权利)outstanding warrant 未执行的逮捕证,仍有效的通缉令overrule 驳回,推翻over act 明显/公开行为Ppandering procuring 拉皮条panel 小组panel (of jurors) 全体陪审员parade permit 游行示威许可paradox 自相矛盾paralegal 律师助理paramedic 急救人员paranoia 偏执狂,妄想狂pardon 赦免parole 假释party 当事人pass sentence 宣判patent 专利paternity suit 确认生父的诉讼pathologist 病理学家patronizing a prostitute 嫖娼,嫖妓PCP 天使粉(兴奋剂),苯环己哌啶pedestrian 行人penalties 惩罚,罚金per dim 按日津贴perjury 伪证perpetrator 作案者,肇事者petition 请愿,请愿书petition (juvenile court) 控诉书(青少年/未成年人法庭) petition the court 向法庭请愿petty theft 小偷picket line 警戒线,纠察线pistol 手枪plaintiff 原告plea 答辩plea and (in) abeyance 暂停答辩plea bargain 认罪求情,认罪协议plead guilty 认罪答辩plead innocent/not guity 无罪答辩plight 誓约,困境plunder (n) 掠夺品plunder (v) 抢劫,掠夺police detail 警察特定任务队police dispatcher 警察调度员police dog 警犬police record 警察记录polluting 污染polyandry 一妻多夫制polygamy 一夫多妻制pornographer 制作色情作品的人pornographic material 色情材料pornography 色情port-of-entry 入境口岸possession of narcotics 持有麻醉品post bail 交保,提交保释金pound 兽栏power of attorney 委托书,授权书,代理权prank 恶作剧precedence 优先权precedent 前例,先例prejudice 偏见prejudice to the case 对案情不公,对案情不利preliminary hearing 初步听证/聆讯preliminary injunction 初步禁令premeditate 预谋preponderance of the evidence 绝大多数的证据,证据的优势prerequisite 先决条件prescription drugs 处方药pre-sentencing investigation 判刑前调查pre-sentencing report 判刑前报告press charges 正式控告presumption of innocence 无罪推定,无罪假设,假定清白protection racket 勒索保护费的组织pretrial conference 预审会议pretrial services agency 预审服务机构pretrial motions 预审动议price control 物价控制price fixing 价格垄断prima facie evidence 表面证据,初步证据prior convictions 前科prison 监狱prison clothes 囚衣prison guard 狱警,管教prison term 刑期prisoner 囚犯privacy 隐私权privileged information 秘密资料pro se (pro per) 代表自己,自辩probable cause 颇能成立的原因probate 遗嘱认证probation 缓刑probation officer 监管缓刑犯的官员,缓刑官professional organization 专业组织prohibition 禁令proof 证据prosecution 控方,控告prosecutor 检查官,检控官prostitute 妓女prostitution 卖淫protective custody 保护性拘留,监护protective order 保护令psychotoxic chemicals 引起精神病的化学品public defender 公设辩护人/律师public domain 公有领域/产业/土地public monies 公款punish according to law 法办punitive damages 惩罚性赔偿purge 消除,销案pursuit 追捕Qquack 无牌医生qualification 资格qualm 疑虑quarantine 检疫隔离quash 撤销,废除quasi 准,类似,似乎questionnaire 调查表quibble 狡辩quick court 短期法庭quid pro quo 交换条件,抵偿物quorum 法定人数quota system 配额制Rracial discrimination 种族歧视racial segregation 种族隔离racism 种族主义racketeering enterprise 敲诈勒索集团radar speed gun 雷达速度测试器radar detector 雷达探测器radical 激进,极端railroad crossing 铁路公路交叉道口ransack 洗劫,彻底搜查ransom 赎金rap sheet 警方逮捕记录rape 强奸ratify 批准,认可real property/real state 不动产,房地产reasonable doubt 合理的怀疑rebuttal 反驳recall a witness 召回证人receiving stolen property 窝赃reckless burning 鲁莽用火reckless driving 鲁莽驾驶recognizance 保证(到庭) reconciliation 调停,调解,和解recourse 追索权recess 休息recidivist 惯犯,累犯recreational vehicles 大型旅行车recross 再次盘问redirect 再次直接询问refugee 难民registered trademark 注册商标registration (auto) (汽车)上牌/登记regulation 规章,规定reinstated 恢复,复职release 释放release pending trail 得释在外待审remain silent 保持沉默remains (body) 残骸,遗骸remand 还押removal hearing 移送聆讯remedy 补救reparations 赔偿,赔款repeat offender 惯犯repeat offense 多次罪行represent a client 代表客户represent to the court 向法官陈述residence 住处resisting arrest 拒捕restitution 归还,赔偿rest a case 案件证据已全部提出restraining order 禁令retail theft 盗窃零售商品retract 撤回retroactive 有追溯效力的return a verdict 作出判决reversal 推翻,撤消,驳回review/retrial 复审revoke 撤销,吊销,取消revolt 叛变,造反revolver 左轮枪rifle 步枪,来复枪right 权利right-of-way 先行权,通行权ringleader 主谋,魁首risk of flight 潜逃危机robbery 抢劫robbery, armed 持械抢劫round-the-clock 昼夜rule of law 法治rules of evidence 证据法规则ruse 诡计Ssabotage 蓄意破坏,怠工sacrilege 渎圣,冒渎sadism 虐待狂safety inspection (auto) (汽车)安全检查safety regulation 安全规则sale of a child 贩卖儿童sanction 制裁sane 神志正常scapegoat 替罪羊scene of crime 作案现场search and seizure 搜查与充公search warrant 搜查令secret agent 特务,特工Secret Service 特勤部security fraud 证券欺诈sedition 煽动叛乱self determination 自决self incrimination 自证其罪,自我牵连self-defense 自卫sensitive 敏感的sentence 判刑separation agreement 分居协议sequester a jury 隔离陪审团serve a subpoena 送达传票serve papers on a party 送交文件给某方set bail 定保释金额sever case 将案件分离sexual abuse 性虐待sexual assault 性侵犯shackles 手铐,脚镣sheriff (县)警长shoplifting 入店行窃shotgun 散弹枪,猎枪sidewalk 人行道sight translation 视译simultaneous interpretation 同声传译skid row 贫民区街道,没落地段slander 诽谤slavery 奴隶制slip and fall 滑倒slugs 假硬币,子弹smuggling 走私snowmobile 雪车sodomy 鸡奸,兽奸solicitation 教唆,拉客solicitor 法务官special agent 特务,特工specification 规格speedy trial 快速审理squatter 擅自居住,擅自占地stalking 潜行追踪standard weights 砝码standards 标准status quo 现状statute 法规statute of limitation 时效法规statutory law 成文法,制定法statutory rape 制定法上的强奸stay a warrant 中止刑事手令stay of execution 延缓执行死刑sting operation (为捉拿疑犯所设置的)突击圈套stipulation 规定,协议strangulation 勒死,掐死,绞死strike from the record 从记录中删除subject to prosecution 可被公诉suborn perjury 唆使提供伪证submit evidence 提出证据subpoena 传票substance abuse 滥用药物substance abuse prevention 防止滥用药物的措施substantive count 实质罪项substantive law 实体法,主法sue 起诉,打官司suit 诉讼summary judgment 即决审判suppress evidence 压制证据supreme court 最高法院surcharge 附加费surrogate parenthood 代父母身份surveillance 监视susceptible 易受影响的suspect 犯罪嫌疑人,疑犯suspended license 暂时吊销执照suspended sentence 缓刑swear to tell the truth 发誓说实话sworn testimony 宣誓作证syndicate 犯罪集团Ttacit approval 默许take issue 提出异议,反对take the stand 到证人席作证,出庭作证tampering with a witness 干扰证人tampering with evidence 损坏证据tampering with jury 干预陪审团tariff 关税tax advantage 有利税率tax deduction 减税tax evasion 逃税tax exempt 免税tax fraud 税务行骗tax in kind 实物税,以实物缴纳的税tax law 税法tax rate 税率tax return 税表,报税单tax shelter 合法避税手段telecommunications fraud 电信行骗telephone fraud 电话行骗temporary restraining order 暂时禁令temporary insanity 暂时性精神错乱tenor (gist) 要旨,大意tentative 暂定的terrorism 恐怖主义terrorist 恐怖分子testify under oath/affirmation 宣誓作证testimony 证词the people 人民,公诉人threatening elected officials 威胁公选官员time off for good behavior 因表现良好而减刑time served 已服刑期tobacco product warning 烟草产品警告tort 民事侵权行为towing regulation 拖车规定trade names 商品/商号/商业名称trademark 商标traffic citation 交通罚单traffic court 交通法庭trafficking in 非法贩卖transcript 记录抄本transliteration 音译trespassing 擅自进入trial 审讯trial on merit 实体审判trier of fact 事实的审判者truancy 旷课,逃学,旷工truant officer 调查旷课/旷工的官员true bill 大陪审团签署的起诉书true copy 准确的副本trumped up charge 诬告,无中生有truthful statement 真实声明twist (the facts) 歪曲事实Uulterior motive 别有用心,另有动机un alienable right 不容剥夺的权利unanimous verdict 全体一致的判决unconstitutional 违宪的under advisement, take 会考虑周全under oath 宣过誓under penalty of 处以……的惩罚undermine 暗中破坏underwrite 承保,负责保险,负责支付unfair competitive practice 不公平竞争uniform 一律,一致,统一;制服uniform crime reporting 统一的罪案报告方式unit (police) (警察)小组,警车unlawful handling of 非法处理unlawful retention 非法拘留unlawful sexual intercourse 非法性交unloaded weapon 没装弹药的枪械unpremeditated crime 非预谋罪行uphold verdict 维持原判urine test 尿液测试use of force 使用武力暴力usurpation 篡夺,非法使用usury 高利贷utter 行使伪造物utility theft 盗窃公用设备设施U-turn 汽车调头回转Vvacate 搬出;撤销vagrancy 流浪validation 批准,证实,使生效vandalism 肆意破坏财产vehicular homicide 车祸致死vendetta 世仇,家族仇杀venereal disease 性病venue 审判地点verbal agreement 口头协议verbatim 咬文嚼字verdict 判决,裁决vested rights 既定权利,应有权利veto 否决vice 恶性vice squad 警察缉捕队,刑警队victim 受害者victim’s right 受害者的权利vigilance 警惕,防范vigilante 民间警戒行动者,民间治安维持者villain 恶棍vindication 证实无罪,证实清白vindictive punishment 报复性惩罚vintage vehicle 古董车violent crime 暴力罪行visitation 探亲,探视;临检vulgarity 粗鄙vulnerability 弱点,易受伤害vulture 贪婪而残酷的人Wwaive rights 放弃权利waive time 放弃时限权利waiver of rights 弃权书wanton (willful or reckless) 任性,肆意,肆无忌惮wanton negligence 任意过失war crimes 战争罪行ward of the court 受法院监护的warden 监狱长warning lights 警告灯warning sign 警告标志warrant 法令,逮捕证,搜查证warranty 保单,担保water rights 用水权weapon 武器whereabouts 下落white supremacy 白人种族至上主义wildlife 野生动植物will 遗嘱wire tap 窃听电话withdraw 撤回,撤销with prejudice 有偏见without prejudice 无偏见witness of the defense 辨方证人witness of the prosecution 控方证人work furlough 暂准狱外工作work release 白天监外工作writ 书面命令,传票wrongful act 不法行为,不当行为Xxenophile 崇洋迷外xenophobe 仇外X-rated film 色情电影Yyes/no question 是非问题yield 让步,屈服youth authority 少年罪犯管理机构Zzealot 狂热,过分热心zoning 城市区划。
法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇(国外英语)
法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇（国外英语）1.Litigation（诉讼）：指在法院进行的法律程序，涉及原告和被告之间的争议解决。
2.Plaintiff（原告）：提起诉讼的一方，声称自己的权益受到侵害。
3.Defendant（被告）：被指控侵犯原告权益的一方，需在法庭上为自己辩护。
wsuit（诉讼案件）：指原告对被告提起的诉讼请求。
5.Court（法院）：审理诉讼案件的司法机关。
6.Judge（法官）：在法庭上审理案件、维护法律秩序的司法官员。
wyer（律师）：为当事人提供法律咨询、代理诉讼的专业人士。
8.Barrister（大律师）：在英美法系国家，指专门在法庭上代表当事人进行诉讼的律师。
9.Solicitor（事务律师）：在英美法系国家，指为客户提供法律咨询、处理法律事务的律师。
10.Trial（审判）：法院对案件进行审理的过程。
11.Verdict（裁决）：陪审团或法官对案件事实的认定。
12.Jury（陪审团）：在英美法系国家，由普通公民组成的审理案件事实的团体。
13.Witness（证人）：在法庭上提供证言的人。
14.Testimony（证词）：证人在法庭上所作的陈述。
15.Evidence（证据）：用以证明案件事实的材料。
16.Pleadings（诉状）：原告和被告在诉讼过程中提交的书面陈述。
17.Summons（传票）：法院发出的要求被告出庭应诉的通知。
18.Judgment（判决）：法院对案件作出的最终决定。
19.Appeal（上诉）：当事人对法院判决不服，请求上级法院重新审理的行为。
20.Execution（执行）：法院根据判决书，强制履行债务人的财产或行为。
当然，让我们继续丰富这份文档，探索更多与法院法律诉讼相关的英语词汇：21. Deposition（证人陈述）：在法庭审判之外，证人根据律师的提问所作的正式陈述，通常用于收集证据。
22. Discovery（证据开示）：诉讼过程中，双方当事人互相交换证据和信息的程序。
常用法律英语词汇A-F190410
对，否则都会颁出永久判令。 Deed 契约 是一种特别的合约，须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效，契约上的盖章在法律 上被视为一种有效的约因。 Defamation 诽谤 非法破坏他人名誉的行为，口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的 理据或者刑事罪行。 Defence 抗辩 刑事或民事案件中的被告，否认有关的指控或申索，同时提出反对的支持事实。 Dependant 受养人 是指某人的某些家庭成员，需要依靠这个人提供的经济来支持生活，如果这个人因意 外死亡，他的受养人因而遭受损失，是有权追究责任，要求赔偿有关的损失。 Disclaimer 弃权，否认 是指某人愿意放弃法律上的某项权益，如果这项权益是以书面确认，则这份文件 称为 Disclaimer。此外，也可以是指对某个声称或指控作出否认的行为。 Discovery of documents 披露文件 在民事诉讼的程序中，原告和被告都需要向法庭及对方披露其所持有关 于该案件的所有文件，基于公平、公开和公正的法律原则，是“所有与案有关的文件”都需要披露，而 不是只披露对自己有利的文件。 Distraint 封租 租客拖欠租金，业主可以根据租约条文向法庭请求封租令，将租客留在物业中的物品充公 拍卖，偿还所拖欠的租金和封租的费用。 Domicile 居藉 是一个人定居的地方，[居藉]与[居所]不同，每一个人只可以有一个居藉，但却可以多于 一个居所，居藉可以是以出生地为居藉，也可以自行选择移居的居藉，也可以是法律界定的居藉，一个 人的法律地位受其居藉影响。 Estoppel 不可反言 是“Stop”的意思，法律上不容许否认经已作出的行为，或者不容许引申某项违反公 平原则的争辩。 Ex Parte 单方 在公平的原则下，诉讼的程序一般都是以双方“Inter Parte”形式进行，即是与讼双方同时 有机会向法庭作出申辩。但在某些特殊的情况下，例如对申请人有人身或财物安全的迫胁，或者不让对 方有机会毁灭证据等，是可以容许以单方形式进行。例如以单方传票向法庭申请禁制令，禁止对方将子 女擅自携离香港。 False Imprisonment 非法禁锢 非法禁锢是一种刑事罪行，也是一种侵权行为，不单是指将受害人拘禁的 行为，同时是指无合法理由而禁止他人自由离开的行为。触犯非法禁锢罪行，可以被警方控诉，也可以 被受害人追讨赔偿损失。 Fiduciary Duty 诚信责任 公司董事和受托人等，因为其身处位置，对委托人或有关的受益人都负有诚信 的责任，基本上，诚信责任就是不能以位或权而谋私，凡事均以委托人的利益为前题。 Forthwith 立即 法律书信经常用的副词，是立即的意思，例：The outstanding sum should be settled forthwith. 应该立即清还所欠的款项。其实，所谓立即，可以理解为最短的合理时间。 Frivolous 琐屑无聊 民事诉讼中原告的申索理由，或者被告的抗辩理据，如果是 Frivolous 琐屑无聊，对 方可以根据高等法院规则向法庭申请，将该申索或抗辩剔除诉讼理由 提出诉讼，必须要有合理的事实根据，缺乏合理的诉讼理由，对方不但可以向 法庭请求剔除有关的诉讼，同时可以要求赔偿浪费了的律师费及其它费用。 Caution 警诫词 执法人员（警察及海关人员等）在拘捕疑犯时，提醒疑犯保持缄默的权利的警告说话。 执法人员在没有给予疑犯警诫词的情况下所录取的供词，可能不会被法庭接纳为有效的证供。 Certified Copy 核证副本 指经律师或其它合资格人士核证的文件副本，核证副本都有核证人的签署和核 证日期，以确认该副本进行了核证，除特别声明必须用文件正本的情况外，核证副本一般都视为有效的 文件。 Chamber 办公室 诉讼律师和法官的办公室，称为“Chamber”。诉讼程序中有部份的聆讯是在法官的办公 室中进行的，称为内庭聆讯”hearing in chambers”，内庭聆讯只准许当事人及其法律代表出席。 Charge 收费，控罪，抵押，押记 Charge 可以是名词，也可以是动词，它包含了多个不同的解释：1. 是 提供服务的收费，例：Legal Charge 律师收费；2. 是刑事控罪，例：This case has more than one charge 这案件包含多于一项的控罪；3. 是借贷的抵押，例：The company charged its property for the loan 这间公 司以其物业作为借款的抵押；4. 是对法定债务人的物业的押记，用以偿还有关的法定债务。 Claim 申索 民事诉讼的传票中，原告须要将其向被告申索的事由详细列明，称为 Statement of Claim 或 Particulars of Claim。 Concurrent Sentence 合并判决 刑事案中的被告犯了两项或以上的罪名同时成立，但各项罪名的判刑同时 执行，例如第一项罪的判刑是一年监禁，而第二项罪的判刑是监禁两年，两项罪合并判决，被告只需要 被服刑两年。 Consecutive Sentence 连续判决 刑事案中的被告所犯的不同罪行，是以连续判决执行，则被告需要分别服 刑，例如一项罪被判了两年，另一项罪则被判了三年，被告便需要连续服刑五年，才会被释放。 Consideration 对价，约因 合约是订约方自愿建立的法律关系，是一方以有价值的代价或者承诺以换取对 方的承诺或代价，这些合约中的承诺或代价称为对价或约因，缺乏有效的对价或约因，合约便不能成立。 Contempt of Court 藐视法庭 是一种严重的罪行，可以被判罚款或监禁。藐视法庭包括不遵守法庭命令、 违反对法庭作出的承诺，妨碍司法公正等行为。 Contributory Negligence 分担疏忽 意外中的伤者对意外的造成及他自己的受伤程度，需要分担部份疏忽 的责任，他所获得的赔偿额也会相对地减少。 Copyright 版权 是作者对他所创作的作品的发表、翻印、复制等专有权利，版权在作品完成后便自动产 生及受法律保护，毋须经过任何注册程序，但必须为原创作品才拥有版权。 Counterclaim 反申索，反诉 在民事诉讼中，被告对原告作出申索，而该申索的事实和理据与原告的申索 是有关连的，反申索是一项独立的申索，所以原告必须对反申索作出适当的响应，例如进行抗辩等。 Custody 保管，监护，拘留 一般而言，Custody 这个名词是指对对象的保管或拥有，但在家事法中，Custody of Children 是指对未成年子女的监护权；而在刑事案件中，则指对被告的拘留。 Decree 法庭判令 法庭聆讯后所作出的判令，可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi” 和永久性判令 “decree absolute”，常见于离婚呈请的程序。一般而言，法庭颁出 decree nisi 后，在指定的期限过后，除非收到反
contempt的词源
contempt的词源摘要：1.引言2.contempt的词源a.拉丁语词根b.英语演变过程3.词义的发展a.法律意义b.社会意义c.心理学意义4.总结正文：【引言】今天我们将探讨“contempt”这个词的词源及其在英语中的发展。
这个词在法律、社会和心理学领域都有重要的意义，我们将会深入了解这个词的起源和各个层面的含义。
【contempt的词源】“Contempt”这个词源于拉丁语“contemptus”，意为轻视、蔑视。
它由前缀“con-”（表示相反意义）和词根“temptus”（意为尝试、触摸）组成，表示对某人或某物进行轻视或蔑视。
【词义的发展】【法律意义】在法律领域，“contempt”一词通常表示对法庭、法官或法律的不敬和轻视。
这方面的例子包括对法庭的藐视（contempt of court）和对法官的不敬（contempt of magistrate）。
在这些情况下，contempt通常会导致法律制裁。
【社会意义】在社会层面上，“contempt”一词可以表示对某个群体、文化或价值观的轻视。
这方面的例子包括种族歧视（racial contempt）和性别歧视（gender contempt）。
这种轻视可能会导致社会紧张和冲突。
【心理学意义】在心理学领域，“co ntempt”通常指对某人的轻视和贬低。
这可能是由于他们的行为、信仰或身份。
在人际关系中，contempt可能导致沟通中断和情感疏远。
【总结】总之，“contempt”这个词的词源可以追溯到拉丁语，并且在英语中有着丰富的含义。
从法律、社会到心理学，这个词都具有重要意义。
开庭的完整流程及用语
开庭的完整流程及用语The process of a court hearing can be daunting and confusing for those who are not familiar with the legal system. From the moment you step into the courthouse to the final decision made by the judge, there are various steps and protocols that must be followed. The first step in the process is the opening of the court session, where the judge enters the courtroom and the parties involved in the case are called to order.开庭审判的过程对于那些不熟悉法律体系的人来说可能令人生畏和困惑。
从踏入法庭的那一刻起，直到法官做出最终决定，都有一系列必须遵循的步骤和规定。
过程的第一步是法庭开庭，法官进入法庭，参与案件的各方被点到顺序。
During the court hearing, each party is given the opportunity to present their case and provide evidence to support their arguments. The plaintiff, or the party bringing the case to court, goes first and presents their side of the story. This is followed by the defendant, who has the chance to respond to the allegations made against them. Witnesses may be called to testify on behalf of either party, andcross-examination by the opposing party's lawyer is common practice.在开庭审判期间，每一方都有机会陈述自己的案情，并提供证据来支持自己的论点。
法律英语基础：Court法庭
★以下是⽆忧考英⽂写作翻译频道为⼤家整理的《法律英语基础：Court 法庭》，供⼤家参考。
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1.A judicial forum has nothing to do with what is not before it.法院不能主动寻找案件。
2.The court found the accused guilty on all charges.法院裁定被告犯有所有被指控的罪⾏。
3.The court has made an order for specific performance.法院已经作出强⾏履⾏裁定。
4.The court ordered the company's funds to be seized.法院命令没收公司资⾦。
5.The court recorded an open verdict on the dead policeman.法庭对警察死因不明的裁定做了记录。
6.The court returned a verdict of death by misadventure.法院裁定为意外事故死亡。
7.She was acting on the authority of the court.她按法院给她的权利做事。
8.Six weeks elapsed before the court order was put into effect.法院命令六周以后才⽣效。
9.The court asked for details of the background to the case.法院要求了解案件详细的背景情况。
10.The court asked the accused to show good cause why he should not be sent to prison.法院让被告拿出他不应该被监禁的充⾜的理由。
11.The court dismissed the action.法院驳回了诉讼。
常用法律术语
法律英语常用词汇大全----好不容易找到了---------对自己说加油啊!一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院law school2.法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer常用法律名词解读1.Ab initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab init io”。
法律英语：Court 法庭 下
The court ordered the case to be retried.法院命令重申此案。
The court's opinion was that the case should be heard inter1 parties as soon as possible.法院的意见是该案应在双方当事人在场的情况下尽快审理。
The court recorded a plea of not guilty.法院对无罪抗辩作了记载。
The court took the view that the defendant's plea was equivocal.法院认为被告的答辩是模棱两可的。
The court held that there was no case to answer.法院裁定无案件事实可辨。
The court is not competent to try the case.该法院无权审理该案件。
The court ordered certiorari following judicial2 review, quashing the order made by the juvenile3 court.在司法复审后，该法院命令调取卷宗，撤销了少年法庭的裁决。
The court ordered the bailiffs to seize his property because he has not paid his fine. 法院命令法警扣押他的财产，因为他没交纳罚款。
The court will decide on the admissibility of the evidence.法院将对证据的可采性进行裁决。
The Crown Court directed the justices to rehear the case.刑事法院命令治安官重新审理该案。
The decision of the court runs counter to the advice of the clerk to the justice.法庭的裁决与法官书记员的意见相悖。
常见法律英语句子
1.Divine‘s punishments，though slow，are always sure. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
2.An act is not a crime unless the law says it is one.法无明文规定者不为罪。
3.This contract is made of one original and two duplicate originals，all of which are of the same effect.本合同一式三份，具有同等效力。
4. The law does not concern itself about family trifles.法律难断家务事。
5.This document is legally binding.该文件具有法律约束力。
6. This law is in abeyance.此法暂缓执行。
7. This law has become a dead letter.此法已成为一纸空文。
8. This law will go into effect on the day of its promulgation.本法自公布之日起施行。
9 The court dismissed the action.法院驳回诉讼。
10. The court ordered the case to be retried.法院命令重审此案……11.Giving the killer what he deserves.予杀人者以应得之罪。
12. Hate the sin but not the sinner.可恨的是罪行而非罪人。
13.Everyone has the right to freedom of expression.每个人都享有言论自由。
14. Everyone is equal before the law.法律面前人人平等。
15. First in time，first in right.先在权利优先。
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美联英语提供：法律英语基础句子：Contempt of court 藐视法庭
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Contempt of court 藐视法庭
1.At common law, conduct tending to interfere with the course of justice in particular legal proceedings constitutes criminal contempt.
在普通法上，意在干预具体法律程序的司法过程之行为将构成藐视法庭罪。
2.Because contemptuous conduct interferes with the administration of justice, it is punishable, usually by fine or imprisonment.
因藐视法庭行为干扰司法职能，故应予惩罚，通常可以处罚金或监禁。
3.Criminal contempt is crime that is punishable by fine or imprisonment or both. 严重的藐视法庭的行为是犯罪行为，可处罚金、监禁或并处。
4.He is in danger of being in contempt of court.
他可能会犯藐视法庭罪。
5.He refused to obey the court order and was sent to prison for contempt.
他拒绝服从法院命令，因藐视法庭而被收监。
6.His conduct tending to disregard the judge's order constituted contempt of court. 他不遵从法官命令之行为构成了藐视法庭罪。
7.The judge imposed an instant fine upon the contemnor.
法官当即对藐视法庭罪处了罚金。
8.The judge's decision sets a precedent for future cases of contempt of court.
法官的裁决为未来的藐视法庭案制定了一个先例。
9.The lawyer was fined $500 for contempt of court.
律师因藐视法庭罪被判处500美元罚金。
10.The sanctions for civil contempt end upon compliance with order. 对民事上的藐视法庭罪在当事人遵循法院命令后即结束。
美联英语：。