2013年职称英语(理工类)阅读理解_完形填空新增文章
2013职称英语(理工类B)阅读理解和完型填空押题整理版
第四部分完形填空阅读理解：第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety(1-2)第十一篇：When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach (3-4)第十九篇：Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience(5-6)第六部分完型填空：(7-8)第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk第三篇：Giant Structures第八篇：Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety教数学，教焦虑In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at theUniversity of Chicagol1Sian Beilock and Susan Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn:If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.在最新一项关于小学生学数学的研究中，芝加哥大学的心理学家Sian Beilock和Susan Levine 发现，女教师的想法和女学生的学习之间有着惊人的联系：如果女教师对自己的数学能力感到焦虑，她的女学生很可能认为男孩子数学比女孩学得更好。
2013年职称英语(理工类)A级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2013年职称英语（理工类）A级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。
1．The rules are too(rigid)to allow for human error.A．inflexibleB．generalC．complexD．direct正确答案：A解析：句意为：这些规则过于僵化，不容许人有错。
rigid“严格的；僵硬的，死板的”，四个选项：inflexible“顽固的；不可弯曲的；不屈挠的；不能转变的”；general“一般的，普通的；综合的”；complex“复杂的；合成的”；direct“直接的；直系的；亲身的”。
2．This species has nearly(died out)because its habitat is being destroyed.A．turned deadB．passed byC．carried awayD．become extinct正确答案：D解析：句意为：因栖息地正受到破坏这一物种已濒于灭绝。
died out“灭绝；消失”；四个选项：turned dead“死了”；passed by“通过；由…认可”；carried away “带走；非常激动；使…失去自制力”；become extinct“灭绝：绝种”。
3．The contract between the two companies will(expire)soon.A．shortenB．endC．startD．resume正确答案：B解析：句意为：两个公司间所签订的合同将很快到期。
expire“期满；终止；死亡”，四个选项：shorten“缩短；减少”；end“结束；目标；尽头”；start“开始；启动”；resume“重新开始，继续；恢复”。
2013职称英语理工B-C完型填空 (详细小抄版)
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban development．She warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries．will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate．Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases．These gases are known to affect the atmosphere．”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."Cities are major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in whichcity-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term benefits ． The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment．For example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems．Poorer neighborhoods that may lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing without access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.Local governments, therefore,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towardsrhetoric rather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ”They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit andreduce automobile use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges themto change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.★Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk快餐加免费降胆固醇药物可以降低罹患心脏病的风险Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London suggest in a new study．Statins reduce the amount of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack risk .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake． Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries．It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether．But we’ve worked out that in terms of your possobility of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less thesame degree as a fast food meal increases it.”“It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they like , but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are provided free of charge．It would cost less than 5 pence per customer ---not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis said．When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take measures that lower their risk, 1ike wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal．第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around 1,800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other features of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France. At the time it was built, it was the world’s highest bridge, reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to relieve Millau’s congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, which forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two countries. The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s energy needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a truly amazing wonder of engineering.第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp decline in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental problem. The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the birds. It is also causing serious public health problems across the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have long played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India Sea. It is because they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are traditionally left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.The disappearance of the vultures has led to an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may increase as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the future.The need for action is urgent, so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds’ deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture deaths were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and take about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.。
2013年职称英语测试理工类完形填空精选习题
2013年职称英语测试理工类完形填空精选习题1 We got up early this morning and __1__ a long walk after breakfast. We walked through the business section of the city. I told you yesterday that the city was larger__2__ I thought it would be. __3__ the business section is smaller than I thought it would be.I suppose that’s__4__ Washington is a special kind of city. __5__the people in Washington work for the government. A bout 9:30 we went to the White House. It’s__6__ to the public from 10 till12, and there was a long line of people waiting to get in. We didn’t have to wait very long, because the line moved __7__quickly.The White House is really white. It is painted every year. And it seems very white, because it’s got beautiful lawns all around it, ____8____many trees and shrubs. The grounds__9__ about four square blocks. I mean, they’re about two blocks long__10__ each side. Of course, we didn’t see the whole building. Thepart__11__the President lives and works is not open to the public. But the part we saw was beautiful. We went through five of the main rooms. One of them was the library, on the ground floor. On the next floor, there are three rooms named__12__ the colors that are used in them: the Red Room, the Blue Room, and the Green Room. The walls are covered with silk__13__. There are__14__ old furniture, from the time__15__ the White House was first built. And everywhere there are paintings and statues of former presidents and other famous people from history.1. A) made B) did C)took D) got2. A) than B) as C) so D) like3. A) But B) Yes C) So D) Then4. A) since B) as C) because D) because of5. A) Much of B) Most of C) A lot D) Lots6. A) open B) opening C) being opened D) opened7. A) pretty B) little C) much D) very much8. A) / B) having C) with D) together9. A) include B) cost C) cover D) spread10. A) by B) on C) for D) with11. A) which B) what C) that D) where12. A) by B) for C) after D) before13. A) cloth B) clothes C) clothing D) cloths14. A) Much pieces of B) many pieces of C) manya D) a great many15. A) that B) which C) who D) whenkey: CAACB AACCB DCABD2. In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products __1__ his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or __2__ the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take cost of production __3__. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for __4__ a short time. However, no business person can __5__ lose money for a prolonged period. He must __6__ of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that asproduction increases, costs per unit decrease. __7__ mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, __8__ logic and practical experience have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists __9__ this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason __10__ rise as production goes up is complex. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, resulting __11__ competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs __12__ skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get __13__ from other sources. This can be done by __14__ higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, __15__ not all land is equally fertile and not all ore is equally rich in the mineral wanted.1. A) to B) at C) of D) on2. A) below B) beneath C) over D) above3. A) to consider B) into consideration C) to consideration D) in consideration4. A) he believes will be B) what he believes beC) what he believes will be D) he believes to be5. A) afford to B) be affordable C) be afforded to D) have afforded6. A) constantly aware B) constantly knowledgeable of C) be constantly aware of D) constantly aware of7. A) Because B) Since C) When D) While8. A) both B) as well as C) also D) but9. A) refer B) refer to C) call D) are referred to10. A) cost B) the cost C) the costs D) costs11. A) from B) in C) \ D) for12. A) less B) numerous C) more D) many13. A) them B) these C) it D) those14. A) offering B) cutting C) reducing D) having15. A) as just B) just as C) because D) whileKEYS: CABCA CDABD BCCAB3.Importance of the Public ImagePublic image refers to how a company is viewedby is customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities in which it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable ____(1)____, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.A firm’s public image ____(2)____ a vital role in the attractiveness of the firm and its products to employees, customers, ____(3)____ to such outsiders as stockholders, suppliers, creditors, government officials, as well as diverse special groups. With some things it is ____(4)____ to satisfy all the diverse publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders, but ____(5)____ will undoubtedly find resistance from employees who see their ____(6)____ threatened. On the other hand, high-quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval,____(7)____ low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon.A firm’s public image, ____(8)____ it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valuable asset ____(9)____ usually is built up over a long andsatisfying relationship of a firm with is publics. If a firm has ____(10)____ a quality image, this is not easily countered or imitated by competitors.___(11)___ an image may enable a firm to charge higher prices, to woo the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect ____(12)____ favorable creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firm’s stock to command a higher price-earnings ratio than other firms in the same industry ____(13)____ such a good reputation and public image.A number of factors affect the public image of a corporation. ____(14)____ include physical facilities, contacts of outsiders with company employees, product quality and dependability, prices ____(15)____ competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.1. A) at considerable extentB) to considerable extentC) to considerate extentD) at considerate extent2. A) establishesB) playsC) makesD) obtains3. A) butB) howeverC) andD) as4.A) possibleB) easyC) not impossibleD) impossible5.A) theyB) someC) itD) we6.A) plantB) jobsC) machinesD) themselves7.A) whileB) whenC) asD) and8.A) thatB) ifC) whichD) /9.A) thatB) whoC) whoseD) of which10.A) beenB) developedC) foundD) learned11.A) WithB) SuchC) LikeD) /12.A) a moreB) moreC) mostD) the most13.A) withB) withoutC) inD) of14.A) TheyB) ItC) SomeD) Most15.A) related toB) connected withC) relative toD) related withKEY:BBCDC BABAB BDBAC4.Let’s Have a Little Cooperation PleaseCia Andina do Triconos (CATSA), a Bolivian joint venture of the U.S. Dresser Industries and local investors, which and based its investment_____(1)_____ an allocation under the metalworking program, closed its doors after _____(2)____ to penetrate the Andean market after more than two years in operation.The prospect of _____(3)_____ access to theAndean market, plus protection provided by a 55 percent “ad valorem” common outer tariff on bits sourced from outside the bloc, made the sales outlook seem_____(4)_____.However, CATSA’s “monopoly” position in Ancom proved specious. _____(5)_____ the plant went on stream in 1974, the company was never able to export a single drill bit to the Andean market; and its local sales were _____(6)_____ a state-owned petroleum company. This market was clearly _____(7)_____, since the operation had been based on exporting the bulk of the plant’s 200-unit-per-month capacity to the Andean area.CATSA could not penetrate the Ancom market for several reasons:Although Ancom _____(8)_____ a 55-percent common outer tariff on third-country imports, some Ancom countries had previously _____(9)_____ LAFTA (Latin American Free Trade Association) tariff concessions, which take precedence over the Ancom tariffs.Ancom members simply did not _____(10)_____ the spirit of the metalworking agreement. After the installation of the CATSA facility, plants producingtricone bits _____(11)_____ in Peru and Venezuela. Under the metalworking program, participating_____(12)_____ were committed to prohibiting new foreign investment in allocations of other Ancom countries. But on the question of new investment by local industry, the obligation was only not to encourage it, with no requirement to prevent it._____(13)_____ Venezuela, it has no commitment to limit local production or to honor the outer tariff, because it was not yet a member of Ancom when the metalworking agreement was signed and was thus not a _____(14)_____ to the pact.Also, according to Bolivia, Colombia and Ecuador employed _____(15)_____ obstacles to avoid applying the common outer tariff.The withdrawal of Chile from Ancom cost Boliviaa lucrative potential market too.1.A) inB) toC) underD) on2.A) failB) to failC) failingD) succeeding3.A) no dutyB) no-dutyC) duty-boundD) duty-free4.A) goodB) wellC) badD) badly5.A) SoB) AlthoughC) ButD) Therefore6.A) confined toB) confined inC) expanded toD) exported to7.A) big enoughB) sufficientC) too bigD) insufficient8.A) has gotB) gotC) has imposedD) has imposed on9.A) admittedB) admittingC) grantingD) granted10.A) learnB) honorC) takeD) give11.A) are putB) are establishedC) were set upD) had set up12.A) member governmentB) members governmentC) member governmentsD) members governments13.A) In case ofB) In the case ofC) In caseD) On case14.A) partyB) memberC) personD) partner15.A) a series ofB) a great deal ofC) a large amount ofD) a great numberKEY:DCDAB ADCDB CCBAA 点击下载Word文档。
2013年职称英语考试理工类A级-阅读理解练习题及答案
2013年职称英语考试理工类A 级-阅读理解练习题及答案DD The volcanoes will come to life.42 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true?A They were formed in 1984.B They are at the top of two active volcanoes.C They are not like most other crater lakes.D Water in them turns over regularly.43 Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode becauseA the gases rise to the top and mix with air.B people from the villages turn over the water.C scientists have put in a computer system.D they have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes44 A team of scientists hasA erected a pressure-releasing pipe in the lakeB identified the gases at the bottom of the lakeC built a beautiful fountain near the lakesD removed all dangerous gases from the lakes45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?A Scientists are planning to install pipes in all crater lakes.B Scientists still do not know how to prevent gas explosionsC Explosion disasters could be avoided in the futureD Warning systems have been set up in the villages nearby.参考答案：41 B 该题问的是Nyos和Monoun两湖喷发时会出现什么情况?第一段第五句提到，Monoun喷发时有毒气体随之而出。
2013年职称英语理工C完型填空真题
2013年职称英语理工C完型填空真题（15分）Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modem world since every year more ⑴wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration ⑵although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. ⑶With a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are ⑷linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building ⑸provides around 1，800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other ⑹features of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley，in southern France.⑺At the time it was built，it was the world’s highest bridge,⑻reaching over 340m at the highest point.The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to ⑼relieve Millau's congestion problems. The congestionwas then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the ⑽most extreme seismic and climatic ⑾conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, ⑿which forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two ⒀countries. The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s ⒁energy needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel T owers. It is a ⒂truly amazing wonder of engineering.大型建筑它是不可能的任务，以更精彩的建筑出现每年以来选择现代世界的最令人惊异的奇迹。
2013年职称英语(理工类)B级新增文章+可能考文章(整理版)
2013年职称英语（理工类）B级新增文章整理版阅读理解第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach1. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find?C Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.2. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.3. What does the writer want to tell us?C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.4. What did the results of the experiment indicate?A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.5. What can we infer from the passage?D Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs?B Shimi is the creator of the musical companion.2. What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat?D It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with that beat.3. Which of the following about Shimi is true?D Shimi can be creative and interactive.4. What does the author want to tell us?A The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi.5. Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion?B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety练习：1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph?D Female teachers' confidence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.2. What is implied in the third paragraph?B A difficult subject like math may affect teachers' confidence in teaching the subject.3. According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about math when they feltC uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt.4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findingsA prove a strong link between female teachers' math anxiety and their female students' math achievements.5. David Geary thinks thatB the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample.答案与题解：1.D 该段告诉我们女教师的想法（what female teachers think）和女学生的学习（what female students learn）之间有很大的关联度，也就是说，女教师如果对自己的数学技能没有自信，她的女学生很可能相信男孩子会在数学方面超过女孩子。
2013职称英语阅读理解及译文解析-理工类C
2013职称英语阅读理解完形填空及译文解析[理工类-C]目录第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles (3)第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict (5)第三篇Citizen Scientists (8)第四篇Motoring Technology (10)第五篇Late-Night Drinking (12)第六篇2012版教材改为Making Light of Sleep (14)第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones (16)第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful (19)第九篇Egypt Felled by Famine (22)第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers (25)第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach 2013教材新增 (28)第十二篇Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass (31)第十三篇Invisibility Ring (33)第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers (36)第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly (38)第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth (41)第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet (43)第十八篇Thirst for Oil (45)第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience2013 教材新增 (47)第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep (50)第二十一篇Plant Gas (52)第二十二篇Snowflakes (54)第二十三篇Powering a City It's a Breeze. (56)第二十四篇Underground Coal Fires — a Looming Catastrophe (58)第二十五篇Eat to Live (61)第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently (64)第二十七篇Driven to Distraction (67)第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories (70)第二十九篇Food Fright (73)第三十篇Digital Realm (76)第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend (79)第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety , (80)第三篇Giant Structures 2013教材新增 (82)第四篇Animal's "Sixth Sense" (85)第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind (88)第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely (89)第七篇An Intelligent Car (91)第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures 2013教材新增 (93)第九篇Wonder Webs (96)第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness 2012新增 (97)第一篇Ford Abandons Electric VehiclesThe Ford motor company’s abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology，analysts say．General Motors。
2013年职称英语(理工类)新增文章完型填空
2013年职称英语（理工类）新增文章完型填空第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modem world since every year more __1__ constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our __2__ although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a __3__ of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American __4__ Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around 1，800 square metres of office space __5__ every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other __6__ of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The MiUau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tam Valley，in southern France. __7__ the time it was built，it was the world‟s highest bridge, __8__ over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to __9__ Millau's congestion problems. The congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the__10__ extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years! The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, __11__ forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two __12__. The dam iswell-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% of Paraguay‟s and 25% of Brazil‟s __13__ needs. In its construction, the __14__ of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a __15__ amazing wonder of engineering.词汇：worthy adj.值得的surpass v.超过，胜过symbolize v.象征congestion n.拥挤withstand v. 经受住seismic 地震的dam n. 堤，坝hydroelectric adj. 水电的注释：1. The Petronas Twin Towers: 国油双峰塔，又称吉隆坡双子塔。
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)试题(三)
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题第5部分：补全短文 (第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Toads are Arthritic and in PainArthritis (关节炎）is an Illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads (蟾蜍），a big problem In the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs.___ (46)The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 In an attempt to stop beetles and other Insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometres. ___ (47) A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. ___ (48)A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night. ___ (49) But speed and strength come at a price — arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop (跳跃）. ___ (50) These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their constant march across the landscape.A Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia’s native species.B Toads are not built to be road runners — they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.C But this advantage also has a big drawback — up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.D But arthritis didn’t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.E The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.F Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.第6部分：完形填空（第51 ~65题，每题1分，共I5分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
2013年职称英语完形填空答案及译文(理工b)
2013职称英语理工类完形填空及参考译文第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend 库克船长箭传说It was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has (1) finally ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook(2) who died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.―There is (3) no Cook in the Australian Museum，’’museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its(4) exhibition ，―Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,‖ which(5) does include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with(6) discovering the―Great South Land，"(7) now Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 (8) when Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a Lo ndon surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal(9) fight with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued (10) until it came face=to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more (11) likely made of animal bone。
2013年职称英语真题及答案解析理工类C级
2013年职称英语真题及答案解析理工类C级第一部分：词汇选项1、I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at meA seized B. threw C. broke D. stretched2、Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning.A. borderB. goalC. peakD. level3、It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A. rightB. obviousC. unbelievableD. unclear4、I tried t detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.A. bringB. separateC. putD. set5、We found shelter from the rain under the trees.A. defenseB. standingC. protectionD. room6、This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.A. openB. cruelC. suddenD. direct7、She gets aggressive when she is drunkA. worriedB. sleepyC. offensiveD. anxious8、We have to change the public's perception that money is everything.A. sightB. beliefC. interestD. pressure9、The odd thing was that he didn't recognize me.A. realB. wholeC. strangeD. same10、He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A. taughtB. keptC. attractedD. changed11、That performance was pretty impressive.A. completelyB. veryC. beautifullyD. equally12、The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine.A. bottomB. surfaceC. topD. structure13、She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A. passed byB. took a notice ofC. woke upD. found by chance14、"There is no other choice." She said in a harsh voiceA. firmB. softC. deepD. unkind15. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A. aboutB.atC. withD. from答案：1-5 ACCBC 6-10 BCBCC 11-15 BDDDA第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2013理工A职称英语新增(附答案)
阅读理解第四十八篇Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking UprightMost of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. These are seemingly simple activities that the majority of us don't question. But an international team of researchers, including Dr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences have discovered that human walking upright , may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce,high-quality resources. The team of researchers from the U. S.,England,Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they competed for food resources, in an effort to understand what ecologieal settings would lead a large ape - one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in common with living chimpanzees - to walk on two legs."These chimpanzees provide a model of the ecological conditions under which our earliest ancestors might have begun walking on two legs, "said Dr. Richmond.The research findings suggest that chimpanzees switch to moving on two limbs instead of four in situations where they need to monopolize a resource. Standing on two legs allows them to carry much more at one time because it frees up their hands.Over time,intense bursts of bipedal activity may have led to anatomical changes that in turn became the subject of natural selection where competition for food or other resources was strong.Two studies were conducted by the team in Guinea, The first study was conducted by the team in Kyoto University's " outdoor laboratory" in a natural clearing in Bossou Forest. Researchers allowed the wild chimpanzees access to different combinations of two different types of nut—the oil palm nut,which is naturally widely available,and the coula nut,which is not.The chimpanzees" behavior was monitored in three situations : (a) when only oil palm nuts were available ,(b) when a small number of coula nuts were available, and (c) wbem coula nuts were tbe majority available resource.When the rare coula nuts were available only in small numbers, the chimpanzees transported more at one time. Similarly, when coula nuts were the majority resource, the chimpanzees ignored the oil palm nuts altogether. The chimpanzees regarded the coula nuts as a more highly-prized resource and competed for them more intensely.In such high-competition settings, the frequency of cases in which the chimpanzees started moving on two legs increased by a factor of four. Not only was it obvious that bipedal movement allowed them to carry more of this precious resource ,but also that they were actively trying to move as much as they could in one go by using everything available - even their mouths.The second study , by Kimberley Hockings of Oxford Brookes University" was a 14-month study of Bossou chimpanzees crop-raiding, a situation in which they have to compete for rate and unpredictable resources. Here ,35 percent of the chimpanzees' activity involved some sort of bipedal movement,and once again , this behavior appeared to be linked to a clear attempt to carry as much as possible at one time.词汇：scarce adj. 缺乏的，不足的;稀有的bipedal adj. 二足的chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩anatomical adj. 解剖的ape n. 无尾猿；类人猿coula nuts( coula 也可写作cola 或kola) 可乐果注释：1.GW’s Columbian College of Arts and Sciences ：乔治·华盛顿大学哥伦比亚艺术与科学学院。
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类(B级)试题(三)
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）试题第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
The Tough Grass that Sweetens Our LivesSugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose（蔗糖）and was chewed on for its sweet taste. Over time, sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant，grown throughout the world. ___ (46)Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery (糖果点心）to medicine, and, as the demand for sugar grew, the industry became larger and more profitable.___(47) Many crops withered (枯萎）and died, despite growers, attempts to save them, and there were fears that the health of the plant would continue to deteriorate.In the 1960s，scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger and more able to resist disease. They experimented with breeding programmes, mixing genes from the wild species of sugar cane, which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate, commercial type. ___ (48) This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially, but when this happens, it is expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry.___ (49) Brazil, which produces one quarter of the world’s sugar, has coordinated an international project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo. Teams of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are important for the production of sugar and its overall health.Despite all the research, however, we still do not fully understand how the genes function in sugar cane. ___ (50) This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust, a disease which probably originated in India, but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world. Scientists believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust.A Eventually, a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before, butalso much stronger and less likely to die from disease.B Since the 1960s, scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane，s geneticcode.C One major gene has been identified by Dr. Angelique D’Hont and her team in Montpelier,France.D The majority of the world's sugar now comes from this particular commercial species.E Sugar cane is now much more vigorous and the supply of sugar Is therefore more guaranteed.F Unfortunately, however, the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease.第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
2013年职称英语等级考试用书(理工类A.B.C)阅读理解-第一篇
注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B级文章；其他为C级文章；阅读下面的短文。
每篇短文的后面有 5个问题，每个问题有 4个备选答案。
请根据短文的内容选择正确的答案。
第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第一篇福特放弃电动汽车The Ford motor company’s1abandonment of electric cars effectively signalsthe end of the road for the technology, analysts say. 分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽年的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。
1. The Ford motor company:福特汽车公司。
Henry Ford (1863--1947)美国汽车制造商，他改进了以汽油为燃料的汽车，成立了福特汽车公司 (1903年)，并大量生产昀早的大众负担得起且广泛使用的 T型车。
Abandon= give up 放弃General Motors2 and Honda3 ceased production of battery-powered cars in 1999, to focus on fuel cell4and hybrid electric gasoline engines5, which are more attractive to the consumer. Ford has now announced it will do the same.2. General Motors:美国通用汽车公司3. Honda:日本本田汽车公司Cease=stop停止，终止，结束to focus on聚焦于4. fuel cell:燃料电池，一种化学电池。
5. hybrid electric gasoline engines:电池和内燃机混杂使用的发动机，使用这种发动机的汽车被称为 : Hybrid electric vehicles，或 HEVs。
2013年职称英语理工类C级试题(含阅读理解完形填空原文译文及标准答案)
2013 年职称英语理工类 C 级试题(完整版代码 32)第 1 部分：词汇选项(第 1～15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分) 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线， 请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。
1. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A. seized B. threw C. broke D. stretched 2. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. A. border B. goal C. peak D. level 3. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A. right B. obvious C. unbelievable D. unclear 4. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. A. bring B. separate C. put D. set 5. We found shelter from the rain under the trees. A. defense B. standing C. protection D. room 6. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. A. open B. cruel C. sudden D. direct 7. She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A. worried B. sleepy C. offensive D. anxious 8. We have to change the public's perception that money is everything. A. sight B. belief C. interest D. pressure 9. The odd thing was that he didn't recognize me. A. real B. whole C. strange D. same 10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. kept C. attracted D. changed 11. That performance was pretty impressive. A. completely B. very C. beautifully D. equally 12. The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. A. bottom B. surface C. top D. structure 13. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. took a notice of C. woke up D. found by chance 14. "There is no other choice," she said in a harsh voice. A. firm B. softC. deep D. unkind 15. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. A. about B. at C. with D. from 第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 16～22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分) 下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确 信息，请选择 A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。
2013年职称英语理工A(完型填空)
Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but until now they haven’t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector.That’s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn’t a very efficient way to gather heat.That’s a problem of economics . Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower cost. And it，s also a space problem：photovoltaic cells can take up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and engineering, has devised a solution in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from ThinSilicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen’s University, Canada."Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon，but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly known as thin-film silicon. They don’t create as much electricity, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they require much less silicon, they have a greener footprint. Unfortunately，thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.“That means that their efficiency drops when you expose them to light — pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell,” Pearce explains，which is one of the reasons thin- film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.However, Pearce and his team found a way to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new type of PVT. You don’t have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact，Pearce’s group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures，near the boiling point of water, they could make thicker cells that largely overcame the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector , they also found that by baking the cell once a day，they boosted the solar cell’s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.Sharks Per form a Service for Earth’s Waters It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy. They are thought to attack people frequently. But these fish perform a valuabe service for earth's waters and for human beings. Yet business and sport fishing are threatening their existence Some sharks are at risk of disappearing from Earth .Warm weather may influence both fish and shark activity. Many fish swim near coastal areas because of their warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow the fish into the same areas, where people also swim. In fact, most sharks do not purposely charge at or bite humans. They are thought to mistake a person for a sea animal, such as a seal or sea lion. That is why people should not swim in the ocean when the sun goes down or comes up. Those are the times when sharks are looking for food. Experts also say that bright colors and shiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.A shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. These powerful senses help sharks find their food. Sharks eat fish, any other sharks, and plants that live in the ocean.Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark’s body defense, and immune systems against disease. Researchers know that sharks recover quickly from injuries. They study the shark in hopes of finding a way to fight human disease.Sharks are important for the world’s oceans . They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too great . This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake DamageThe massive subduction zone earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soil "liquefaction" that has surprised researchers with its widespread severity, a new analysis shows."We've seen localized examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and extent of damage in Japan were unusually severe," said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering at Oregon State University. "Entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments," Ashford said. "The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to function. We saw some places that sank as much as four feet."Some degree of soil liquefaction is common in almost any major earthquake. It's a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their strength and flow during an earthquake. This can allow structures to shift or sink or collapse.But most earthquakes are much shorter than the recent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this."With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw how structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes," he said. "And it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on recently filled ground, are much more vulnerable."The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil phenomenon and better prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to collect the information quickly, before damage was removed in the recovery efforts."There's no doubt that we'll learn things from what happened in Japan that will help us to reduce risks in other similar events," Ashford said. "Future construction in some places may make more use of techniques known to reduce liquefaction, such as better compaction to make soils dense, or use of reinforcing stone columns."Ashford pointed out that northern California have younger soils vulnerable to liquefaction ---on the coast, near river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The "young" sediments, in geologic terms, may be those deposited within the past 10,000 years or more. In Oregon, for instance, thatdescribes much of downtown Portland, the Portland International Airport and other cities.Anything near a river and old flood plains is a suspect, and the Oregon Department of Transportation has already concluded that 1,100 bridges in the state are at risk from an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent of them have been reinforced to prevent collapse. Japan has suffered tremendous losses in the March 11 earthquake, but Japanese construction standards helped prevent many buildings from collapse ---even as they tilted and sank into the ground.。
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2013年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解完形填空新增文章阅读理解第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren‟t just delivering a strict view of what‟s going on in the world；they‟re affected by what‟s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people seefood-related w ords more clearly than people who‟ve just eaten.Psychologists have known for decades that what‟s going on, inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of NiceSophia-Antipolis，France，wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain‟s high-level thinking processes get involved.Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words werefood-related. After each word，each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they‟d seen — a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it. Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says.“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs,” Radel says.词汇：threshold n.起点，开端；门槛disposal n.处理,处置;配置neutral adj.中性的；中立的motive n.动机，目的strive v.努力，力求;斗争注释：1. Our senses aren‟ t just delivering a strict view of ... in our heads:这个句子的大概意思是:我们的五官感觉不仅仅让我们感知世界;五官感觉还受大脑活动的影响。
2. University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis:法国尼斯•索菲亚•安提波利斯大学，简称尼斯大学，1965年经法国政令正式宣布成立。
尼斯大学在尼斯市设有7处主校园，另外，还在索菲亚• 安提波利斯市(Sophia Antipolis)、戛纳市（Cannes)和芒东市（Menton)设有校区。
索菲亚• 安提波利斯是位于尼斯市西南侧的科技园区，是许多髙等学府的所在地。
3. body mass index:身体质量指数4. at the threshold of:当……快要开始时5. in perception：感知6. at the disposal of:受到……的控制练习：1. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find?A Hungry people see every word more clearly than ordinary people.B Hungry people are always thinking of food-related words.C Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.D Hungry people do not have lower-level of thinking process.2. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?A Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach.B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.C Because noon was not the right time for any experiment.D Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.3. What does the writer want to tell us?A Human's senses aren‟t just delivering a strict view of what‟s going on in the world.B What's perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking.C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.D Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses.4. What did the results of the experiment indicate?A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.B Hungry people were better at identifying neutral words.C People who had just eaten were better at identifying food-related words.D The participants could barely perceive what they needed or what they strived for.5. What can we infer from the passage?A 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.B An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.C Our thinking processes are independent of our senses.D Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes. 答案与题解：1. C第一段第二句是本题答案的依据。
饥肠辘辘的人只是看food-related words比较清楚，选项C的句意与上述句子的意思完全一致，是答案。
选项A说的是every word, 所以不是答案。