(新课标)2019届高考英语二轮复习 攻关篇 专题五 生态环保类

（新课标）2019届高考英语二轮复生态环保类习攻关篇专题五生态环保类专题五专项强化·训练Even if trees cannot walk,they are still on the move.In parts of the Arctic,entire forests are moving northward.Across theArctic,temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world.As that happens,the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra(冻原)starts has been shifting northward.Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.To do this,plants tend to grow horizontal(水平的)branches low to the ground.The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don’t have enough energy to make seeds.But as Earth’s climate has been warming,trees no longer have to just grow horizontally.Many can instead grow up toward the sky.This takes less energy.And with all that leftover energy,these trees have started producing more seeds.This happens especially in places where white spruce(白云杉)grows.White spruce,which is a North American tree,is quite able to produce a lot of seeds,which can move long distances in the wind.When wind-blown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line,they eventually can sprout(发芽)new trees.This explains how a forest can move.Of course,the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough.But in recent years,the whole planet has been warming.New trees will provide shelters for some snow,keeping the sun’s rays from making the white surface disappear.Instead,the trees absorb the sun’s heat.This warms the surrounding air.The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds.That further boosts a forest’s ability to expand.In addition,more trees will trap more snow,preventing much of it from being blown away.Snow can trap heat in the soil below,which encourages trees to grow.The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line.People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.【语篇导读】本文是一篇科研报告,主要研究了气温升高对北极圈植物的影响。

1.What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?A.The shrinking of northern tundra.B.The rising temperature.C.The fierce and cold wind.D.The abundant resources in the north.解析:细节理解题。

根据第二段的第二句“Across the Arctic,temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world”以及本段的整体内容可知,不断上升的气温是北极圈树木北移的主要原因,即B项正确。

答案:B2.Wh at does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.To produce more seeds.B.To move northward.C.To respond to the climate change.D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.解析:代词指代题。

根据画线词前的“Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.”可知,画线词this指代的是本句中的“protect themselves from the cold wind”,即D项正确。

答案:D3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.New trees can trap the snow,which may make the soil colder.B.The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.C.New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.D.New trees can bring more food and shelter for local animals.解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“New trees will provide shelters for somesnow.Keeping the sun’s rays from making the white surface disappear.Instead,the trees absorb the sun’s heat.This warms the surrounding air”可推知,新树会让周围的空气更加温暖,即C项正确。

答案:C4.The passage is most probably taken from.A.a science reportB.a health reportC.a fashion magazineD.a children’s magazine解析:文章出处题。

根据文章的整体内容可推知,本文主要研究的是气候变暖对北极圈植物的影响,故该文应选自科研报告,即A项正确。

答案:AB(2015广西桂林、防城港联考)Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near because of the poor ecological state of the planet.Actually change has already begun through climate changes,but most humans haven’t noticed this yet.Climate changes have begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the next fewyears.Around 2011 most people will begin to see that the results of climate changes will be far more serious than now understood.As the planet is under big geological(地质的)stresses,which are continuously increasing,it will in the future no longer be able to support itspopulation.Scarcity(缺乏)of resources,overfarming,lack of clean air,not enough clean drinking water and drought are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future.Humans have caused large ecological devastation(破坏).The lifestyles of many people are improving at a fast speed;however,this will finally result in a lack of some precious resources.When this scarcity begins to happen,people will no longer be able to have sustainable(可持续的)lifestyles.It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life.Each person’s decision can finally affect the future.These decisions,all combined,can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans.So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment.While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming,not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be.Unfortunately most of the humans are aware that the planet isn’t functioning well,but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans.So,every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.【语篇导读】由于人类的不可持续的生活方式,我们这个星球发生了很多不好的变化:气候恶化、资源匮乏等等。