writing 3
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题目：On Clone
The term clone may not be new to many people. It refers to he descendant of a single plant or animal, produced nonsexually from any one cell which is exactly the same as the parent.
All the evidence supports a conclusion that… All the evidence points to a sound view that… It is, therefore, clear/apparent that… So we must be aware of the importance of…
2) 主题句法 在文章的开头开门见山、直截了当地点明全 文的主题，从而避免偏题。例如：
题目：China’s Entry into the WTO
China’s entry into the WTO is widely accepted. However, as it’s double edged, it will bring us opportunities as well as challenges.
5) 故事法
在文章开头用简单而引人入胜的小故事引起读者 兴趣，从而提出自己的观点。例如：
题目：The Problem of the Handicapped
I have a friend who has lost one of his legs through an accident. Suddenly from an active sportsman, he is reduced to a reluctant spectator. He just cannot run around kicking a football anymore nor participant in many games that he used to do. He has to hobble around on his crutches. I can see the anguish in his face
interconnections, as is often implied？Let
us begin by examining what is done by each.(提出问句为下文的解释作过渡)
4）定义法
在文章开头就对文章的标题、主题、关键词进行 释义，引起讨论，以便用举例、推理等方法展开 论述。例如：
5）警示句 结尾段指出所讨论问题的严重性或可能出现的严 重后果，以引起读者对所讨论问题的高度重视。 例如： 题目：There’s Only Luck And I’m sure there will be a next time. It can happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone. Security is an illusion: There is no safety in locks or in guns. Guns make some people feel safe and some people feel strong, but they are fooling themselves. 本段指出目前社会治安的混乱使得人们没有安全 感，以引起读者对自身安全的重视。
It is a famous saying that… proverb says…
As the
Have you ever thought /wondered that…？
These days we often hear about…but is this really the case?
Many people often ask this question…/ It is often said that
There is a general discussion today about…
文章结尾的句型主要有：
Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
From what have been discussed above, we may say that…
本段以问句的形式提出建议：我们是否可以 从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方 式，在创作力和基本技能之间获得某种较 好的平衡？
3）展望式： 结尾段对文中的问题提出解决方式，展望问 题解决的前景，以增加文章的感染力。例
No one is suggesting that we go back to the 1950s. The Cleaver household was a fantasy even then, not reality. But we might borrow on important lesson from the Cleaver. It is that family life is just as important as work or play. If we agree, we’ll find ways of spending more time together. We’ll find things to share. And then there will be something right with the picture.
1）总结式来自百度文库
结尾段对全文内容进行概括总结，揭示主题
题目：The Land of the Lock
That may be the legacy we remember best when we look back on this age: In dealing with the unseen horrors among us, we become prisoners of ourselves. All of us prisoners, in his time of our troubles. 该段对应锁之国，揭示出文章的 主题：我们把自己变成了囚犯。
Whenever he watches others run around freely while his movements are drastically curtailed. It is obvious that the handicapped face many problems in our society.
2）建议式： 结尾段就文章讨论的问题或现象，提出解决的方 法或建议。例如： 题目：Man and Environment
In view of the seriousness of the problem, people are starting to take measures, such as treating waste gases, protecting water sources, and purifying waste water. But this problem will not be solved until everybody understands the importance of protecting our environment. 该段对保护环境提出了建议。
“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested” perhaps this is the best advice on how to read, given by Francis Bacon.
4) 引语式
结尾段用格言、谚语或习语总结全文，既言 简意赅又有更强的说服力。例如：
题目：My First Job
This was the last straw. I was very young: The prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.用简洁的语言表达了 作者对这份工作的态度。
题目：Health
As the proverb goes, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” In other words, nothing is more valuable than health.
再如：题目-How to Read books
题目：Learning, Chinese Style
But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
文章开头的常用句型：
Generally speaking…/ As we all know/
Nowadays, with the development of , people’s view on …vary from person to person/
In recent years, there has been a widespread attitude towards…
应试作文-命题作文
文章开头有两个主要任务：用主旨句说明全 文的中心思想；吸引读者的注意力。因此 开头一定要开门见山，直抒胸臆。开头部 分常见的写作方法有：
1）谚语名言法
在文章的开头使用人们熟悉的名言、谚语、 格言、俗语、成语等，既可增强文章的感 染力，从而引起读者的共鸣；又可点题或 表明作者的观点。例如：
A recent study provided that… When asked about… ， many/most people
believe that… When it comes to…，people’s opinions differ.
Most people are of the opinion that…
Since all of us have realized…, why not…?
It is high time that we put emphasis on …
It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation…
该段一开始讲了一个故事：一次事故使得 我的朋友的生活发生了很大变化，从而引 出文章的主题，即本段的最后一句：残疾 人在社会中面临许多问题。
结论段同开篇一样重要，它是对全文要点的 概括总结，表达作者的目的，给读者留下 一个深刻完整的印象，以增强文章的效果。 有时也用于展望未来，提出今后方向或令 人深思的问题，给读者留下回味和思考的 余地，下面是几种常见的结尾方法：
3）提问法
在文章开头提出一个或一连串的问题，以激起读 者的兴趣，从而引出主题。例如：
As students of science you are probably sometimes puzzled by the terms “pure” and “applied” science. Are these two different activities having little or no
The term clone may not be new to many people. It refers to he descendant of a single plant or animal, produced nonsexually from any one cell which is exactly the same as the parent.
All the evidence supports a conclusion that… All the evidence points to a sound view that… It is, therefore, clear/apparent that… So we must be aware of the importance of…
2) 主题句法 在文章的开头开门见山、直截了当地点明全 文的主题，从而避免偏题。例如：
题目：China’s Entry into the WTO
China’s entry into the WTO is widely accepted. However, as it’s double edged, it will bring us opportunities as well as challenges.
5) 故事法
在文章开头用简单而引人入胜的小故事引起读者 兴趣，从而提出自己的观点。例如：
题目：The Problem of the Handicapped
I have a friend who has lost one of his legs through an accident. Suddenly from an active sportsman, he is reduced to a reluctant spectator. He just cannot run around kicking a football anymore nor participant in many games that he used to do. He has to hobble around on his crutches. I can see the anguish in his face
interconnections, as is often implied？Let
us begin by examining what is done by each.(提出问句为下文的解释作过渡)
4）定义法
在文章开头就对文章的标题、主题、关键词进行 释义，引起讨论，以便用举例、推理等方法展开 论述。例如：
5）警示句 结尾段指出所讨论问题的严重性或可能出现的严 重后果，以引起读者对所讨论问题的高度重视。 例如： 题目：There’s Only Luck And I’m sure there will be a next time. It can happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone. Security is an illusion: There is no safety in locks or in guns. Guns make some people feel safe and some people feel strong, but they are fooling themselves. 本段指出目前社会治安的混乱使得人们没有安全 感，以引起读者对自身安全的重视。
It is a famous saying that… proverb says…
As the
Have you ever thought /wondered that…？
These days we often hear about…but is this really the case?
Many people often ask this question…/ It is often said that
There is a general discussion today about…
文章结尾的句型主要有：
Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
From what have been discussed above, we may say that…
本段以问句的形式提出建议：我们是否可以 从中美两个极端中寻求一种更好的教育方 式，在创作力和基本技能之间获得某种较 好的平衡？
3）展望式： 结尾段对文中的问题提出解决方式，展望问 题解决的前景，以增加文章的感染力。例
No one is suggesting that we go back to the 1950s. The Cleaver household was a fantasy even then, not reality. But we might borrow on important lesson from the Cleaver. It is that family life is just as important as work or play. If we agree, we’ll find ways of spending more time together. We’ll find things to share. And then there will be something right with the picture.
1）总结式来自百度文库
结尾段对全文内容进行概括总结，揭示主题
题目：The Land of the Lock
That may be the legacy we remember best when we look back on this age: In dealing with the unseen horrors among us, we become prisoners of ourselves. All of us prisoners, in his time of our troubles. 该段对应锁之国，揭示出文章的 主题：我们把自己变成了囚犯。
Whenever he watches others run around freely while his movements are drastically curtailed. It is obvious that the handicapped face many problems in our society.
2）建议式： 结尾段就文章讨论的问题或现象，提出解决的方 法或建议。例如： 题目：Man and Environment
In view of the seriousness of the problem, people are starting to take measures, such as treating waste gases, protecting water sources, and purifying waste water. But this problem will not be solved until everybody understands the importance of protecting our environment. 该段对保护环境提出了建议。
“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested” perhaps this is the best advice on how to read, given by Francis Bacon.
4) 引语式
结尾段用格言、谚语或习语总结全文，既言 简意赅又有更强的说服力。例如：
题目：My First Job
This was the last straw. I was very young: The prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.用简洁的语言表达了 作者对这份工作的态度。
题目：Health
As the proverb goes, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” In other words, nothing is more valuable than health.
再如：题目-How to Read books
题目：Learning, Chinese Style
But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
文章开头的常用句型：
Generally speaking…/ As we all know/
Nowadays, with the development of , people’s view on …vary from person to person/
In recent years, there has been a widespread attitude towards…
应试作文-命题作文
文章开头有两个主要任务：用主旨句说明全 文的中心思想；吸引读者的注意力。因此 开头一定要开门见山，直抒胸臆。开头部 分常见的写作方法有：
1）谚语名言法
在文章的开头使用人们熟悉的名言、谚语、 格言、俗语、成语等，既可增强文章的感 染力，从而引起读者的共鸣；又可点题或 表明作者的观点。例如：
A recent study provided that… When asked about… ， many/most people
believe that… When it comes to…，people’s opinions differ.
Most people are of the opinion that…
Since all of us have realized…, why not…?
It is high time that we put emphasis on …
It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation…
该段一开始讲了一个故事：一次事故使得 我的朋友的生活发生了很大变化，从而引 出文章的主题，即本段的最后一句：残疾 人在社会中面临许多问题。
结论段同开篇一样重要，它是对全文要点的 概括总结，表达作者的目的，给读者留下 一个深刻完整的印象，以增强文章的效果。 有时也用于展望未来，提出今后方向或令 人深思的问题，给读者留下回味和思考的 余地，下面是几种常见的结尾方法：
3）提问法
在文章开头提出一个或一连串的问题，以激起读 者的兴趣，从而引出主题。例如：
As students of science you are probably sometimes puzzled by the terms “pure” and “applied” science. Are these two different activities having little or no