19.状语从句

4、表示“一…就…” (1)as soon as, once, the minute, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly主从句时态 一般一致，后边通常接短暂动词，表示一点动作。 a. we will leave as soon as it stops raining. b. It began to rain as soon as I arrived home. c. It began to rain immediately I arrived home. d. It began to rain the moment I arrived home. e. The doorbell rang as soon as we began having dinner. f. Don't trust those who leave their friends the moment they get into difficulty! g. Once it stops raining, we will leave.
Suppose, supposing, providing, provided,（特 别关注：supposed, provide不用作条件状语 从句的连词）, on condition that, so long as, as long as
让步状 语从句
although, While（一般用在句首）, as（用于倒装结 though, even 构）, whatever, whoever, whichever, however, though, even if whenever, wherever, whether...or..., as+adj.+as+主谓结构用在句首 as, than 其他比较句型：the more..., the more...; just as..., so...; A is to B what/as C is to D; no more...than; not A so much as B/not so much A as B
3、until (1) 当主句谓语动词是延续动词时，通常用肯 定形式。 a. Wait until he comes back. b. We'll stay here till it stops raining. c. When I showed my Dad my report card, I said, "Remember, Dad, Thomas Edison got bad grades in school, too." He said, "Fine, stay in your room until you invent the light bulb (灯泡)." d. Until I came back, he was waiting for me at my home.
(3) “not…until…”有四种不同句式，请看下例： A. 正常结构： a. The little boy didn't smile until he saw his mother. b. The exact time of dying was not of great importance until recently. B. until置于句首： a. Until he saw his mother, the little boy didn't smile. b. Until recently the exact time of dying was not of great importance.
(2) 若主句谓语动词是短暂动词，则要用否定 形式。这就是我们常说的“not…until…”结构。 a. I did not realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. b. One will never realize how much and how little he knows until he starts talking. c. Ice cream did not reach America until about the middle of the eighteenth century. d. I didn't go to bed until 12 o'clock last night. e. He didn't leave the office until his boss came back.
比较状 语从句
方式状 语从句
as, the way
二、时间状语从句
1、when +短暂动词 (1) 相当于：at that time，从句谓语动词通常是短暂动词， 表示某一时刻的动作。 a. I'll speak to him when he arrives. b. I'll tell him about it when he comes back. c. When I arrived, he was talking on the phone. d. When I got there, he had already left. 从句也可接延续动词，这时从句往往用过去进行时 态，表示某一时问段内发生的动作。 e. The doorbell rang when I was telephoning. (2) 注意主句和从句的时态搭配，以及不同时态表达的主 句动作和从句动作的时间先后关系。
注意： ① until后接的动词常是短暂性动词。 ② 在not until倒装结构中，需部分倒装的是主 句中的谓语动词，而非从句中的谓语动词。 A. Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor. ③ 倒装结构演化成强调结构时，则主句谓语不 再采用倒装形式。 a. Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor. b. It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.
so...that, so 结果状 语从句 that, such...that if, unless 条件状 语从句

Such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, to such an extent that
C. 倒装结构： a. Not until he saw his mother did the little boy smile. b. Not until recently was the exact time of dying of great importance. c. Not until 12 o'clock last night did I go to bed. d. Not until his boss came back did he leave the office. D. 强调结构： a. It was not until he saw his mother that the little boy smiled. b. It was not until recently that the exact time of dying was of great importance.
第 22 讲
状语从句
一、状语从句的本质
英语中的状语从句有九大类，分别可表示：时 间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、 比较、方式。 从本质上来讲，状语从句就是用不同的连接词 将几个分句连接起来，以表达分句之间特定 的逻辑关系。 状语从句的引导词主要有：
状语从句种类 常用连接词 特殊连接词 时间状语从句 when, while, 1.一些时间名词：the moment, the as, before, instant, the minute, the day, next time, after, since, every time； till, until, as 2.一些副词：instantly, immediately, soon as directly 3.固定搭配的连词：no sooner...than, hardly...when, scarcely...when where Wherever, anywhere, everywhere 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 because, as, Seeing that, considering that, now that, for, since given that, in that, inasmuch as, insomuch as 目的状语从句 so that, in Lest, for fear that, in case, in the hope order that, that, on purpose that, for the purpose that, that to the end that
2、while +延续动词 相当于：during that time，表示某一时间段内发生的 动作，因此，从句谓语动词通常接延续动词。 a. The phone rang while I was taking my bath. b. The doorbell rang while we were watching TV. c. A detective arrested a criminal and was about to handcuff (v.上手铐) him when a huge gust (n.一阵狂风) of wind blew the detective's hat off. "Shall I go and fetch it?" the criminal asked. "Do you take me for a fool?" asked the detective. "You wait here while I go and get it!" d. I was walking along the road B suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind. A. immediately B. when C. the moment D. while