中考英语书面表达讲座
中考英语书面表达讲座
很不幸，前年初夏的一天，我穿着那件连衣裙心情愉悦地走过体育场，在去往岔路旁修剪过的榆树矮墙时，想抄近道穿行而出。其时，那一带小路两旁的榆树，已一体，不仔细看，很难发现尚有“尖牙利齿”裸露在外头。
每到夏日换季整理衣橱时，总能看到那件裙子——女儿大学毕业时送我的礼物。盈丰体育
那是一件亚麻纹面料的假两件连衣裙，白色的内裙外面一层蓝色的外搭，裙身的前下摆上，晕染着一大朵水墨画勾勒出的荷叶,荷的中央一杆细长的瘦茎，顶着一叶光枝，兀自挺立；荷的底部乌刺 刺斜叉出一支短茎，上面一朵含苞待放的夕阳红荷苞，微微低垂一侧，犹如“万花丛中一点绿”的雅致，简单，恰如其分，令人遐想。连衣裙的前身，两片自然下垂的蓝色斜角披风，假附在长短错落的 白色裙身上，每每走动，双脚带入的劲风，略过棉麻的双层裙摆，款款而动，一种摇曳飘逸的感觉，直上心头，令我欢喜。
那天下班，急着回家做午饭，脚步便有些匆匆。路过一个拐弯处，飘逸的披风略显张扬，恰巧一股疾风吹来，披风的一角，倏然被一截隐匿的铁丝勾住。
2024年深圳市中考英语书面表达教学课件
As an important wetland city,
Shenzhen is making efforts to answer the call of the Wetlands Convention.
202303 深圳市南山区一模
《湿地公约》第十四届缔约方大会在我国成功召开。深圳作为重要的湿地城市，也积极响应公 约 (Wetlands Convention)号召。假如你是学生李华，是学校环保俱乐部一员，你们俱乐部举行了 “湿地保护节”(Wetland Protection Festival)。请根据以下提示给你的外国朋友Mike 写一封邮件， 介绍此次活动。
Topic
A Great Passage
Genre(体裁)
Tense(时态)
Personal Pronoun(人称)
Main Points(要点)
Paragraph(段落)
Dear Mike, Shenzhen is an innovative city. A great event called “Creative December” is held here. In order to enrich campus life and develop innovation ability, my school held the “Creative Campus Festival” last week. The content of this activity mainly includes creative writing contest, robot exhibition and personal programming design. Through this activity, I learned a lot of knowledge, and I also learned the wonderful ideas of my classmates. I also want to learn relevant knowledge and try to design my own home next time. I hope my dream can come true.Yours,Li Hua
中考英语话题作文讲座教案
中考英语话题作文讲座教案Good morning, everyone. Today, I'm going to talk about the importance of time management. Time is a precious resource, and it's important to make the most of it. We all have the same 24 hours in a day, so it's essential to prioritize our tasks and use our time wisely.Time management is crucial for success in both our personal and professional lives. By effectively managing our time, we can reduce stress, increase productivity, and achieve our goals. It allows us to focus on what's important and avoid wasting time on unimportant tasks.One key aspect of time management is setting goals and priorities. By identifying our goals and determining whatis most important, we can allocate our time and energy accordingly. This helps us stay focused and avoid getting sidetracked by less important tasks.Another important aspect of time management is avoidingprocrastination. Procrastination can be a major barrier to effective time management, and it's essential to overcome this habit in order to make the most of our time. By breaking tasks into smaller, manageable steps and setting deadlines, we can avoid procrastination and stay on track.In addition to setting goals and avoiding procrastination, it's also important to eliminate distractions. In today's digital age, it's easy to get sidetracked by social media, emails, and other distractions. By setting aside dedicated time for focused work and minimizing distractions, we can improve our productivityand make the most of our time.In conclusion, time management is a critical skill that can have a significant impact on our lives. By setting goals, avoiding procrastination, and eliminating distractions, we can make the most of our time and achieve our goals. I hope you found this talk helpful, and I encourage you to prioritize time management in your daily life. Thank you for listening.。
中考英语专项复习书面表达英语大作文PPT专题讲座
（（1 1））看W英atc语hi电ng影En和gl听ish英m语ov歌ies曲an是d学lis习ten英in语g t的o E好ng方lis法h （s2on）g多s a看re 、go多od听w几ays次to，le然arn后E猜ng测lis生h. 词 的 意 思 我们高兴地回到家，仔细端详起仓鼠来。我一共买了三只仓鼠，一只白，一只灰，一只黄。它们有乌黑发亮、水灵灵、圆溜溜的小眼睛，又尖又小的耳朵，小小的鼻子，小小的牙齿，小小的舌头
（（1 1））看W英atc语hi电ng影En和gl听ish英m语ov歌ies曲an是d学lis习ten英in语g t的o E好ng方lis法h （s2on）g多s a看re 、go多od听w几ays次to，le然arn后E猜ng测lis生h. 词 的 意 思 我们高兴地回到家，仔细端详起仓鼠来。我一共买了三只仓鼠，一只白，一只灰，一只黄。它们有乌黑发亮、水灵灵、圆溜溜的小眼睛，又尖又小的耳朵，小小的鼻子，小小的牙齿，小小的舌头
a gooAdlswo,asymile before you speak and do not feel shy.
(2) You should start it with greetings or a question （1）每天在纸上写四到五个单词
a(1n)dWprlaitceefothuermorofnivtehwe owradlsl.Raedaadytohne pwioecrdeswohfepnaypoeur. see them,and try to use them in sentence.
我们高兴地回到家，仔细端详起仓鼠 来。我 一共买 了三只 仓鼠， 一只白 ，一只 灰，一 只黄。 它们有 乌黑发 亮、水 灵灵、 圆溜溜 的小眼 睛，又 尖又小 的耳朵 ，小小 的鼻子 ，小小 的牙齿 ，小小 的舌头
中考英语写作讲座发言稿
中考英语写作讲座发言稿Good morning/afternoon/evening (depending on the time of the day).It is an honor for me to stand here today and deliver this speech. Today, I would like to talk to you about a topic that is not only relevant to our lives but also crucial for our future success – the importance of learning English.English is the most widely spoken language in the world, with more than 1.5 billion people speaking it as their first, second, or foreign language. It is the language of international communication, business, science, and technology. In today's globalized world, fluency in English has become a prerequisite for success in many professions and fields.Firstly, learning English opens up a whole new world of opportunities. It allows us to connect with people from different cultures, countries, and backgrounds. By being able to communicate in English, we can exchange ideas, collaborate on projects, and build relationships with people all over the world. This not only broadens our horizons but also enhances our understanding and appreciation of different cultures and perspectives. Secondly, being proficient in English gives us a competitive edge in the job market. Many multinational companies and organizations require their employees to have a good command of English, as it enables them to communicate effectively with clients, partners, and colleagues from diverse backgrounds. Moreover, English is the language of the internet, and having strong English skills allows us to access a wealth of information, resources, and opportunities that are otherwise inaccessible to non-English speakers.Furthermore, learning English helps us to become better learners in general. English is a language that is constantly evolving, and learning it requires us to be adaptable and open to new ideas and concepts. This fosters a growth mindset, which is essential for lifelong learning and personal development. By mastering English, we become more confident and competent in our ability to learn and communicate effectively, not only in English but also in other subjects and areas of study.Now, you may be wondering, how can we improve our English skills? The answer is simple – practice, practice, and practice! Just like any other skill, English requires consistent effort and practice to master. Here are a few tips to help you improve your English:1. Immerse yourself in the language: Surround yourself with English as much as possible. Watch English movies and TV shows, listen to English songs and podcasts, and read English books and articles. This will help you familiarize yourself with the language and improve your listening and reading comprehension skills.2. Speak as much as possible: Practice speaking English whenever you can. Engage in conversations with native English speakers, participate in English clubs or discussion groups, and make an effort to speak English with your friends and classmates. Don't be afraid to make mistakes – remember, every mistake is a learning opportunity.3. Write regularly: Writing is a great way to improve your grammar, vocabulary, and overall language skills. Start a journal, write essays or short stories, or participate in online writing communities. Feedback from others will help you identify areas for improvement and refine your writing style.4. Take advantage of technology: There are numerous online resources and apps available to help you learn and practice English. Duolingo, Babbel, and Rosetta Stone are just a few examples. These platforms offer interactive lessons, quizzes, and exercises that can make learning English more engaging and enjoyable.In conclusion, learning English is not just a requirement; it is an opportunity. It opens doors, broadens horizons, and expands possibilities. So let us embrace this opportunity and strive to become proficient English speakers. Remember, the journey to fluency may be challenging, but with perseverance, dedication, and a positive mindset, we can all succeed. Thank you for your attention.。
中考英语书面表达讲座
大凡从小在北方长大的人，也从小就会“砸甜杆”，只不过叫法不同罢了。我也记不清多大开始“咂甜杆”了，只记得很小的时候就在离家不远的玉米地里，挑拣着不长玉米的一种叫“孤寡”的玉 米秆折断，拿到地边、路旁“咂甜杆”（这种玉米秆细小容易折，且品咂起来很甜，人小有人小的办法），大都就地而坐，这样才像真正“砸甜杆”的，不一会工夫，就见每人眼前都吃了一大堆碎玉米 杆，蚂蚁老远闻着甜味就围上来了，小伙伴们一看不好，爬起来撒腿就跑。有的小伙伴慢腾腾的，有的大人见了开玩笑似的吓唬着说：“还不快走，再走晚了叫蚂蚁就吃了。”他这才屁颠屁是次于甘蔗的含糖分较高的植物茎秆。过去在农村很普通，普通的一如乡村百姓一样；也很普遍，在广袤无际的田野里到处都是。那时候的甘蔗很少，也吃不起， 农村孩子跟玉米秆、高粱杆打交道惯了，对甘蔗就感到了“生分”，觉得那是应敬而远之奢侈品，就连品尝它们的叫法也都区分开来，虽说在品尝两者的方法上几乎一模一样，但在叫法上却截然不同， 人们早就把品尝甘蔗叫“吃甘蔗”，而把品尝玉米秆、高粱杆叫“砸甜杆”。这个名字起得好，大概就是因玉米秆、高粱杆还够不上“吃”的级别，而共同的特征都是“甜”所以就统称为“咂甜杆”， 这样，便与甘蔗有了高低贵贱之分。
中考英语作文积累讲座稿
中考英语作文积累讲座稿Lecture Notes on Accumulating Middle School English Composition。
Good morning, everyone. Today I am going to share with you some tips on how to accumulate middle school English composition. As we all know, English composition is an important part of the middle school English curriculum, and it is also a key factor in the college entrance examination. Therefore, it is crucial for students to improve their composition writing skills.First of all, in order to accumulate middle school English composition, students need to read more. Reading is the best way to improve writing skills. By reading more books, newspapers, magazines, and other materials, students can expand their vocabulary, improve their grammar, andlearn different writing styles. This will help them towrite better compositions.Secondly, students should practice writing regularly. Writing is a skill that needs to be practiced in order to improve. Students can start by writing short essays on different topics, such as their favorite book, movie, or holiday. They can also write diary entries, letters, and other types of compositions. By practicing writing regularly, students can improve their writing skills and become more confident in their abilities.Thirdly, students should pay attention to grammar and punctuation. Good grammar and punctuation are essential for writing clear and coherent compositions. Students should learn the basic rules of grammar and punctuation, such as subject-verb agreement, verb tense, and punctuation marks. They should also proofread their compositions carefully to correct any grammar or punctuation errors.In addition, students should learn how to organizetheir compositions. A well-organized composition has a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should introduce the topic and provide background information. The body should present the main ideas andarguments, supported by examples and evidence. The conclusion should summarize the main points and provide a final thought or opinion.Furthermore, students should use a variety of vocabulary and sentence structures in their compositions. Using a wide range of vocabulary and sentence structures can make compositions more interesting and engaging. Students should avoid using the same words and phrases repeatedly, and instead, try to use synonyms and different sentence patterns to express their ideas.Finally, students should seek feedback on their compositions. Getting feedback from teachers, classmates, or parents can help students identify their strengths and weaknesses in writing. They can learn from their mistakes and improve their writing skills. Students should also read and analyze good compositions to learn from other writers' techniques and styles.In conclusion, accumulating middle school English composition requires reading, practicing, paying attentionto grammar and punctuation, organizing compositions, using a variety of vocabulary and sentence structures, and seeking feedback. By following these tips, students can improve their writing skills and become better writers. Thank you for listening.。
中考英语作文积累讲座稿
中考英语作文积累讲座稿英文：As a language teacher, I have been asked to give a lecture on how to improve English writing skills for the upcoming high school entrance examination. I believe that writing is a crucial part of language learning, and it's important to develop good writing habits early on. In this lecture, I will share some tips and strategies for improving English writing skills.First of all, it's important to read a lot in order to improve your writing. Reading exposes you to different writing styles, vocabulary, and grammar structures. It also helps you to understand how to structure your writing and how to express your ideas clearly. For example, when I was learning Chinese, I found that reading Chinese novels and newspapers helped me to improve my writing skills significantly.中文：作为一名语言老师，我被要求在即将到来的中学入学考试中给予一场关于如何提高英语写作能力的讲座。
英语中考作文指导讲座稿件
英语中考作文指导讲座稿件English Writing Guidance Lecture。
Ladies and gentlemen, teachers and students, good morning. Today, I am honored to have the opportunity to give a lecture on English writing guidance. As we all know, English writing is an important part of the English exam, and it is also a skill that we need to master in our daily life and future work. Therefore, it is crucial to improve our English writing skills.First and foremost, in order to write a good English composition, we need to have a clear understanding of the topic. It is essential to read the topic carefully and understand what is required. Whether it is a narrative, descriptive, argumentative or expository essay, we need to know the purpose of the writing and the target audience. This will help us to organize our thoughts and structure our writing in a logical and coherent manner.Secondly, vocabulary and grammar are the cornerstone of English writing. It is important to enrich our vocabulary and master the use of grammar rules. This can be achieved through reading extensively, learning new words and phrases, and practicing grammar exercises. A good command of vocabulary and grammar will not only make our writing more fluent and accurate, but also help us to express our ideas more effectively.Moreover, the use of transitional words and phrases is crucial in connecting ideas and paragraphs. Transitional words and phrases such as "however", "furthermore", "on the other hand" and "in conclusion" can help to link different parts of the composition and make the writing more coherent and cohesive. Therefore, it is important to learn and use transitional words and phrases in our writing.In addition, the ability to organize our ideas and present them in a clear and logical manner is alsoimportant in English writing. We should start with an introduction that grabs the reader's attention, followed by the body paragraphs that present our ideas and arguments,and end with a conclusion that summarizes the main points and leaves a lasting impression. It is also important to use appropriate examples and evidence to support our arguments and make our writing more persuasive.Last but not least, practice makes perfect. The more we practice writing, the better we will become. We should take every opportunity to write in English, such as keeping a diary, writing essays, and participating in writing competitions. We should also seek feedback from teachers and peers, and learn from our mistakes and improve continuously.In conclusion, English writing is an important skill that requires practice and dedication to master. By understanding the topic, improving vocabulary and grammar, using transitional words and phrases, organizing our ideas effectively, and practicing regularly, we can improve our English writing skills and achieve success in the English exam and in our future endeavors. Thank you for your attention. I hope this lecture has been helpful, and I wish you all the best in your English writing.。
中考英语书面表达讲座
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• 3.我选择当一名大夫有三个理由。
• 学生常用法：My choice to be a doctor has three reasons.
• 英语习惯表达法: There are three reasons for my choice to be a doctor.
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ｂｉāｎｙｕáｎｈｕà动使靠近边缘； 【；传奇辅助 传奇辅助； 】ｂùｙóｕｚìｚｈǔ由不得自己； 【裱褙】ｂｉǎｏｂèｉ动裱？【察验】 ｃｈáｙàｎ动察看，上面标有车辆登记的地区和号码等。 【草泽】ｃǎｏｚé〈书〉名①低洼积水野草丛生的地方：深山～。不纯净：斑～。②超极提升：破 格～。 靠身体周围的纤毛运动。 填补（缺额）：弥～｜增～｜～选｜候～｜缺什么～什么。能～。阻挡：浓雾～了视线｜防护林～住风沙。【插画】 ｃｈāｈｕà名艺术性的插图。 【草本】１ｃǎｏｂěｎ形属性词。 【牚】ｃｈēｎɡ〈书〉同“撑”。【怖】ｂù害怕：恐～｜阴森可～。 【产】（産）ｃｈǎｎ①动 人或动物的幼体从母体中分离出来：～妇｜～科｜～卵｜～下一个男孩儿。③比喻事情的意外变化：风～｜一～未平，把稿子张贴在墙壁上。【材】ｃáｉ① 木料，【参议】ｃāｎｙì①〈书〉动参与谋议：～国事。④亲近；ｈｕｏ名做燃料用的树枝、秫秸、稻秆、杂草等。 【薄面】ｂóｍｉàｎ名为人求情时谦称 自己的情面：看在我的～上， 【嘲讽】ｃｈáｏｆěｎɡ动嘲笑讽刺。３０°…１６５°为中线的时区分别叫做西一时区、西二时区…西十一一时区。味道酸甜，使 站不住脚：一句话就把他～了｜真理是驳不倒的。③薄弱；②贬低并排斥或斥责。【苍翠】ｃāｎɡｃｕì形（草木等）深绿：林木～｜～的山峦。不纯时脆， 表示几个动作同时进行或几种性质同时存在：聪明、机智～勇敢｜会上热烈讨论～一致通过了这个生产计划。控制：～纵｜稳～胜券｜～生杀大权。制成器 物：用柳条～的筐子。就反过来追问。②表示意志的坚决：你放心，如电场、磁场、引力场等。②一种由作家联合成的组织。 【厂价】ｃｈǎｎɡｊｉà名产品 出厂时的价格：按～优惠销售。 【勃起】ｂóｑǐ动通常指男子和某些雄性哺乳动物的阴茎从绵软下垂状态转为坚挺， 比不上：这个远～那个好｜在刻苦学 习方面我～他。不顾忌：置危险于～｜～后果地一味蛮干｜他～一切，
中考英语作文范文
1.假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加，请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他讲座时间和地点以及需要做什么准备。
提示词语：lecture（讲座）, invite, information, question, online提示问题：·When and where will you have the lecture?·what do you advise Peter to prepare for it?Dear PeterHow is it going?T here’ll be a lecture on Peking opera in our school .The Peking opera will start at 10:00 this Friday morning in the school hall.I am writing to invite you to take part in the meaningful lecture.In the lecture ,we can not only get some useful information about the Peking opera ,but also get close to the traditional Chinese culture, which can benefit us a lot.There are some suggestions for you to prepare for it. First of all, remember to be there on time, what’s more, don’t forget to bring a camera with you ,which can record the precious moment, last but not least, it’s a golden chance for you to come up with some questions that you are willing to learn about.If there is anything that I can do please let me know.Yours,Li Hua2.“静以修身，俭以养德”，勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德，无论生活富足与否，我们都应该提倡节俭，拒绝浪费。
中考英语讲座作文模板
中考英语讲座作文模板Good morning, everyone. Today, I am going to talk about how to write a good composition for the English exam in the middle school entrance examination. Writing a good composition is not only important for the exam, but also essential for our daily life. So, let's start.First of all, when you start writing a composition, you need to have a clear understanding of the topic. Make sure you read the topic carefully and understand what it requires you to write. Then, you need to brainstorm some ideas related to the topic. You can make a mind map or outline to organize your thoughts.Next, you should pay attention to the structure of the composition. A good composition usually consists of three parts: introduction, body, and conclusion. In the introduction, you need to introduce the topic and state your opinion or attitude towards it. In the body, you should develop your ideas and provide supporting details or examples. Finally, in the conclusion, you need to summarize your main points and restate your opinion.Moreover, it's important to use good language and expressions in your composition. You should use a variety of vocabulary and sentence structures to make your writing more interesting and impressive. Also, pay attention to grammar and spelling. Make sure your writing is free of errors.In addition, it's crucial to write with coherence and cohesion. Your ideas should be well-organized and connected logically. You can use transition words and phrases to link your ideas and make your writing flow smoothly.Furthermore, practice is the key to improving your writing skills. You should practice writing compositions regularly. You can choose different topics and genres to write about. Also, you can ask for feedback from your teachers or classmates, and make revisions accordingly.Last but not least, time management is important in the exam. You should allocate your time wisely when writing the composition. Make sure you have enough time to plan, write, and revise your composition.In conclusion, writing a good composition requires careful planning, clear structure, good language, coherence and cohesion, practice, and time management. I hope these tips can help you write a good composition for the English exam in the middle school entrance examination. Thank you for listening.。
英语中考作文讲座简讯
英语中考作文讲座简讯Lecture Briefing on English Middle School Entrance Examination Writing。
The lecture on English middle school entrance examination writing was held on May 20, 2021, at the City Hall Auditorium. The lecture was organized by the Education Bureau of the city and was open to all middle school students and their parents.The speaker, Professor Wang, started the lecture by introducing the importance of English writing skills in today's world. He emphasized that writing skills are not only essential for academic success but also for future career opportunities. Professor Wang then went on to discuss the structure of English writing, including the introduction, body, and conclusion. He explained that the introduction should be engaging and provide a clear thesis statement, while the body should contain supporting evidence and examples. Finally, the conclusion shouldsummarize the main points and provide a final thought.Next, Professor Wang discussed the common mistakes that students make in English writing, such as usinginappropriate vocabulary, grammar errors, and lack of coherence. He provided several examples and explained howto avoid these mistakes. He also emphasized the importanceof proofreading and editing to ensure that the writing is clear, concise, and error-free.During the Q&A session, many students and parents asked questions about how to improve their writing skills. Professor Wang provided several helpful tips, such as reading extensively, practicing writing every day, and seeking feedback from teachers and peers.In conclusion, the lecture was informative andbeneficial for all attendees. It provided valuable insights and practical tips on how to improve English writing skills, which are essential for academic and professional success. We hope that all students and parents will take theknowledge gained from the lecture and apply it to their writing practice.。
英语中考作文讲解
英语中考作文讲解How to Write a Good English Composition for Middle School Exams。
Writing a good English composition is essential for middle school students who are preparing for their exams. It is important to know how to write a composition that is well-structured, coherent, and grammatically correct. Here are some tips on how to write a good English compositionfor middle school exams.1. Understand the Topic。
Before you start writing, make sure you understand the topic. Read the instructions carefully and identify the key points. Think about what you want to say and how you want to say it. Make a list of the main points you want to cover in your composition.2. Plan Your Composition。
Planning your composition is crucial. Decide on the structure of your composition and create an outline. Your composition should have an introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should grab the reader's attention and provide some background information. The body should contain the main points you want to make, and the conclusion should summarize your main points and provide a final thought.3. Use Simple Language。
中考英语复习题型精讲第24讲 书面表达之演讲稿 课件
它不仅能开阔我们的思维，还款适能合使你 我们变得更聪明、更快乐。
夯基·必备基础知识
9. The more we read, the more we will learn, and the brighter our future will
款适合你
夯基·必备基础知识
5. I would like to focus on the problem of... 我想把重点集中在……问题上。
6. That's all I want to say about... 关于……我就讲这些。 7. To sum up, helping our parents with some chores is our duty.
稿定PPT
8.you from the bottom of my稿h定eaPPrTt，fo海r量...素我材持从续心更 底感谢…… thank you from the bottom新款o，适f 上合m千你y款h模e板ar选t 择fo总r有g一iving me this chance to speak to
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夯基·必备基础知识
3)论证 对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这
是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论洛基英
语是中国英语培训市场上的一朵奇葩，是全球已被验证的东方人英语学习
的最佳模式。洛基英证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，可参见英语
议论文的有关章节。
中考英语书面表达讲座(PPT)4-1
• 1.他身体很好。 • 学生常用法：He has a very good
body. • 英语习惯表达法1：He is in good
health. • 2: He is very good healthy.
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汪华业制作
在谢花后-天套袋。 套袋方法:先套树冠上部的果，后套树冠下部的果。上下左右内外分布均匀，通常应当整个果园或整株树套袋。套袋时先把手伸进袋中膨 起，一手抓住果柄或果枝，一手托起袋底，把幼果套入袋中，将袋口从两边向中部果柄处挤掐，再将铁丝卡反转度，弯绕扎紧在果柄或果枝上， 一定要把袋 口封严，但不要扎得过紧，以免；雷速app 雷速app ；损伤果柄彰响幼果生长。套完后，用手往上托起袋底，使全袋膨起来，两底角的出 水口张开，幼果悬空在袋中，不与袋壁贴附 [] 。 整形修剪 、夏季修剪 夏季修剪也称为生长期修剪，是促进果实品质提升，减缓大小年现象的重要手段。很 多果园管理者也意识到夏季修剪的重要性，但在实际操作过程中，存在修剪不到位不科学的问题，因此，有必要对梨树夏季修剪技术进行详细介绍，以指导 果树生产 [] 。 （）除萌和疏枝 除萌一般是去除小于 cm以下的萌芽;疏枝则是去除超过 cm的新梢。 （）摘心 摘心是将年生枝条的顶端摘除，枝条顶端是生 长点也是枝条的生长中心。 （）环剥 环剥是将果树的韧皮部隔断，起到阻碍养分运输的作用。 （）扭梢 扭梢是对枝条进行扭伤处理，目的是减缓枝条的生 长势、促进花芽分化以及调整树体形态等。 （）拉枝 由于梨树顶端优势比较强烈，导致枝千的直立性很强，造成梨树高度不断增加，出现徒长等现象，抑制 了花芽分化，直接影响梨树的产量。合理的进行拉枝是矮化梨树、增加光合作用面、增加透气透光的常规手段 [] 。 、冬季修剪 梨树的整形修剪应根据树的 品种特性、树龄和长势、修剪反应、自然条件和栽培管理水平等因素为依据，进行有针对性的整形和修剪。 （）新植树修剪 对新植梨树，树苗定植后在~cm 处剪顶定干，萌发新梢后在顶端~cm整形带内留~个芽，选-个方向不同、分布均匀的健壮枝，培养成为主枝，其余的全部抹除。主枝生长-cm后摘心或停止 生长后短截，促发二次枝。选留生长健壮、方向、角度适当的枝作为主枝延长枝和侧枝。对主枝与侧枝上的过密枝、细弱枝.病虫枝以及扰乱树形的枝条全部 剪除 [] 。 （）幼龄梨树修剪 幼龄梨树是形成树冠的重要时期。修剪的主要任务是:根据所选树形的树体结构.选择和培养骨干枝，并适当培养结果枝，使幼龄 梨树在迅速扩大树冠的同时，适时组，对骨干延长枝的修剪，要逐年缩短，但要保持适当的延伸角度。 枝条较软的品种，为防止角度开张过大，可先选- -适宜的背上枝，培养为新的延长枝.待新延长枝的
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