高中英语校本课程话题写作 Topic5 Expository writing教案1

expository essay范文

Respected audienceToday we gather together to explore an eternal and profound topic: self-love. In this busy and challenging world, we often overlook one of the most important things: building a good relationship with ourselves. Therefore, I would like to share some insights on the importance of self-love for mental health.Firstly, let us understand that self-love is not a selfish act but a necessary self-care. Just like the safety instructions we hear on an airplane, we need to put on our own oxygen masks before assisting others. Similarly, only when we are filled with love and care for ourselves, can we better take care of others and cope with life's challenges.Secondly, self-love is the cornerstone of building healthy self-esteem and confidence. When we have respect and recognition for ourselves, our inner strength grows stronger, allowing us to better face external judgments and pressures. This confidence and self-esteem also influence our relationships with others, making it easier for us to establish positive interactions and collaborations.Furthermore, loving ourselves means accepting our imperfections and striving to become a better version of ourselves. Nobody is perfect, but we can achieve personal growth and progress by accepting our flaws and mistakes, and striving for improvement. This positive attitude not only helps us enhance our abilities and performance, but also strengthens our positive attitude and sense of happiness towards life.Lastly, let us remember that self-love is a continuous process that requires constant time and effort from us. By caring for our physical health, emotional needs, and spiritual growth, we can build a stable and healthy self, laying a solid foundation for a more fulfilling and meaningful life.Before concluding my speech, I would like to invite everyone to think together: how can we better express love and care for ourselves in our daily lives? Let us work together to create a world filled with more love and understanding.Thank you all!译文：以爱自己为主题的心理健康讨论发言稿尊敬的各位听众，今天我们聚集在一起，探讨一个永恒而又深刻的话题：爱自己。

人教版高中英语必修二 Unit 5 Section Ⅴ Writing——演讲稿

点击右图进入…
单元整合训练
点击右图进入…
Thank you for watching !
As we all know，music plays an important role in our life.First，it can make us feel relaxed both mentally and physically，thus helping reduce our pressure at work and in life.Second，music can excite and encourage us as well when we meet various troubles and feel sad.Moreover，music can have a comforting impact and help us step out of difficulty when we're worried.In addition，music，as a universal language，can be of great help to learning another culture.
因此此外，而且有机会做某事各种麻烦有影响另外，此外
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法 (一)完成句子 1．我很荣幸有机会在这里做一个关于“音乐的作用”的演讲。 I am honored to have an opportunity to give a speech about “The role of music” here. 2．首先，它可以让我们感到身心放松。 First，it can make us feel relaxed both mentally and physically.
Unit 5 MUSIC

expository_writing说明文写作

What kind of prompt do we have? Did you say expository? You’re
right!
15
Use your scratch paper
Jot down a few transitions. What are transitions? Words or phrases that connect ideas or introduce the topic. Such as one, if, although, however, finally, in conclusion, first, second, next, additionally,consequently Make an outline or web. Develop a 1-3-1 plan. One Paragraph for introThree paragraphs for the body – One paragraph for the conclusion.
KEY IDEA D(details) P (reasons) E (facts/steps) explanation elaboration examples KEY IDEA explanation elaboration examples
KEY IDEA D(details) P (reasons) E (facts/steps) explanation elaboration examples KEY IDEA explanation elaboration examples
11
Think – Brainstorm-PACO
P-What is your purpose? A- Who is your audience? C- Content --What are

Intermediate Writing 5 exposition

If sports classes at university aren't compulsory, the students who don't want to have the sports classes will not have it. The number of the students to have the sports classes will be too small to employ a teacher to teach the students.
Exposition Essay Writing
Exposition is one of the simplest forms of essay writing. Its purpose is simply to describe or explain a specific topic to the reader, using factual information. You do not have to develop an argument or prove anything; you only have to understand your topic and present it to the reader in a logical and clear way.
Pattern
Definition
Example
Description
The degree of distinctness in outline of an object, image, or sound. Sense or significance. A thing characteristic of its kind or illustrating a general rule.

Expository writing is a type of writing

Expository writing is a type of writing, the purpose of which is to inform, explain, describe, or define the author's subject to the reader.Expository text is meant to deposit information and is the most frequently used type of writing by students in colleges and universities. A well-written exposition remains focused on its topic and lists events in chronological order. Examples of this type of writing are cooking instructions, driving directions and instructions on performing a task. Key words such as first, after, next, then and last usually signal sequential writing.Second-person pronouns may be used in such writing, if needed; for example, in a how-to essay a writer may choose to personalize the instructions with "you." However, the use of first-person pronouns should be avoided. Expository essays will not reveal the opinion of the writer.Expository writing appears in and is not limited to letters, newsletters, definitions, instructions, guidebooks, catalogues, newspaper articles, magazine articles, manuals, pamphlets, reports and research papers.The general characteristics of expository writing include:∙focus on main topic∙logical supporting facts∙details, explanations, and examples∙strong organization∙clarity∙unity and coherence∙logical order∙smooth transitionsWisdom is knowledge of what is true or right coupled with just judgment as to action; sagacity(精明), discernment（洞察力）, or insight. It is an ideal that has been celebrated since antiquity as the application of knowledge needed to live a good life. Beyond simply knowing/understanding what options are available, "Wisdom" provides the ability to differentiate between them and choose the one that is best.What this means exactly depends on the various wisdom schools and traditions claiming to help foster it. In general, these schools have emphasized various combinations of the following: knowledge, understanding, experience, discipline, discretion（慎重）, and intuitive understanding, along with a capacity to apply these qualities well towards finding solutions to problems.It 的用法：一、作人称代词，可用来代替人、物或事。

高二英语应用文写作范文

高二英语应用文写作范文The importance of effective written communication in the English language cannot be overstated in today's globalized world. As students progress through their academic journey, the ability to craft well-structured and articulate application-oriented writing becomes increasingly crucial. This is particularly true for high school students in Grade 2, as they prepare to navigate the complexities of higher education and the professional realm.One of the key application-oriented writing tasks that Grade 2 high school students often encounter is the composition of English language essays. These essays serve as a platform for students to showcase their proficiency in the language, their critical thinking abilities, and their capacity to effectively convey their ideas and perspectives. Whether it is a personal statement, a research-based analytical essay, or a persuasive argument, the successful execution of these writing tasks can have a significant impact on a student's academic and professional prospects.To excel in application-oriented English writing, high school studentsin Grade 2 must develop a comprehensive understanding of the various genres and formats that are commonly encountered. This includes familiarizing themselves with the structure and conventions of different essay types, such as the expository essay, the argumentative essay, and the reflective essay. Additionally, students must hone their skills in research, organization, and the effective use of language to craft cohesive and compelling narratives.One of the most crucial aspects of application-oriented English writing is the ability to effectively communicate one's ideas and perspectives. This requires a deep understanding of the target audience, the purpose of the writing, and the appropriate rhetorical strategies to employ. High school students in Grade 2 must learn to tailor their writing to the specific needs and expectations of the intended reader, whether it is a college admissions officer, a scholarship committee, or a potential employer.In addition to mastering the technical aspects of writing, high school students in Grade 2 must also develop a strong command of the English language. This encompasses a comprehensive understanding of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary, as well as the ability to effectively manipulate these linguistic elements to convey their message with clarity and precision. The judicious use of language can elevate the quality of one's writing and enhance its overall impact.Another vital component of successful application-oriented English writing is the ability to engage the reader through compelling and well-structured narratives. High school students in Grade 2 must learn to craft stories that captivate the audience, whether it is through the use of vivid descriptions, the incorporation of personal anecdotes, or the skillful weaving of thematic elements. By creating a sense of connection and emotional resonance, students can effectively convey their unique perspectives and experiences.Furthermore, high school students in Grade 2 must develop the capacity to think critically and analyze complex issues from multiple angles. This is particularly important in research-based essays, where students are required to synthesize information from various sources, evaluate the validity and reliability of their sources, and formulate original and well-reasoned arguments. The ability to critically examine and challenge established ideas can set a student's writing apart and demonstrate their intellectual prowess.Finally, the process of revising and editing one's work is crucial in the realm of application-oriented English writing. High school studentsin Grade 2 must learn to approach their writing with a critical eye, identifying areas for improvement and refining their work until it meets the highest standards of quality. This may involve seeking feedback from peers, teachers, or writing tutors, and being open to constructive criticism to enhance the overall effectiveness of theirwriting.In conclusion, the development of strong application-oriented English writing skills is a vital component of the high school experience for Grade 2 students. By mastering the various genres and formats of essay writing, honing their language proficiency, crafting compelling narratives, and engaging in critical analysis, students can position themselves for success in their academic and professional pursuits. The cultivation of these skills not only enhances a student's written communication abilities but also fosters their intellectual growth and personal development, preparing them for the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.。

exposition的英文作文

exposition的英文作文Exposition is a type of writing that aims to explain, describe, or inform the reader about a particular topic. It is often used in essays, articles, and reports to provide factual information and to clarify complex ideas. In an exposition, the writer presents a clear and objective view of the subject matter, without expressing personal opinions or emotions.Exposition is characterized by its use of evidence, examples, and logical reasoning to support the main points. It relies on facts, statistics, and expert opinions tobuild a strong and persuasive argument. The language usedin exposition is typically formal and precise, with a focus on clarity and accuracy. The writer must carefully organize the information to ensure that the reader can follow the logical flow of ideas.In an exposition, the writer must consider the audience and their level of knowledge about the topic. It isimportant to provide enough background information and context to help the reader understand the subject matter. The writer should also anticipate any potential questions or objections that the reader might have and address themin the text.One of the key features of exposition is its emphasis on objectivity and neutrality. The writer should avoid using emotional language or biased statements that could undermine the credibility of the argument. Instead, the focus should be on presenting the information in a balanced and unbiased manner, allowing the reader to form their own opinions based on the evidence provided.In conclusion, exposition is a powerful form of writing that can be used to educate, inform, and persuade the reader. By presenting clear and well-supported arguments, the writer can help the reader to better understand complex topics and make informed decisions. Whether it's ascientific report, a news article, or an academic essay, exposition plays a crucial role in communicating information effectively.。

高一必修二unit5作文

高一必修二unit5作文
英文回答：
I think Unit 5 of the required course for the first year in high school is quite interesting. It focuses on the topic of "Cultural Relics". In this unit, we learn about the importance of preserving cultural relics and the significance of cultural heritage. For example, we discussed the Terracotta Warriors in China, which are considered one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. It's amazing to learn about the history and the craftsmanship behind these cultural relics.
中文回答：
我觉得高一必修二的第五单元非常有趣。

这个单元的主题是“文物”。

我们学习了保存文物的重要性以及文化遗产的意义。

比如，我们讨论了中国的兵马俑，它们被认为是20世纪最重要的考古发现之一。

了解这些文物背后的历史和工艺真是令人惊叹。

高中英语校本课程话题写作Topic5Expositorywriting教案1

Topic5 Expository writingStep One Revise How to write an expository essayStep Two Analyze a good exampleLi Gang, a boy student of 21, is now studying in the English Department of Beijing Foreign Languages University. He likes sports and games, singing and dancing, and can speak English fluently. As a League secretary, of by the teachers and students and regarded as an outstanding student with great ability.Li Gang is from Shandong Province. His parents are both teachers. and serve the four modernizations”of our country.分析：a boy student of 21 ；a famous doctor同位语高级词汇运用 fluently is of regarded asan outstanding student with great ability ,Welc ome to our school ! ①This village is a small one which a new look.In the past, the school couldn’t afford to go to school. ⑥But now it rebuilt ⑦ and the newly built teaching building ⑧ which the village. All the school-age children can study .⑩May you enjoy your stay here May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you. Homework:Writing有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？Jack第一次从美国来北京做客，想尝尝北京风味，你首选烤鸭。

浙江省奉化中学高中英语校本课程话题写作 Topic5 Expository writing教案2

Topic5 Expository writingStep One Check the homeworkStep Two How to begin an expository writing说明文写作指导说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。

它是一种应用性物介绍等，常见说明方法有：定义、注释、举例、分类、比较、引用、比喻、描述、数字分析和综合等。

说明文的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，有时用虚拟语气。

对中学生而言，说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表、图示，文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。

写说明文必须注意事实正确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练和用词准确。

说明文范文赏析说明文是对事情的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的一种文体。

这类文章的目的和性质是客观地介绍、解释事物，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、做出证明。

一般说来，知识简介，商品介绍，旅游指南，科技读物，工作总结，实验报告，教材辅导等均属说明文之列。

写说明文，可以按时间、空间、结构、逻辑顺序来写，也可以采取举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、说明、叙述等方法。

1.比较对照比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：1）逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。

如：There are basic differences between large and small enterprises. In ayour work and of your decisions ground. In the large organization you are normally taught one thing thoroughly. In the small one the danger is of becoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none. In the large it is of becoming the man who knows more and more about less and less.2) 整块比较It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate his victory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlike winners, losers are the lonelypublic. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.2.分类分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。

浙江省奉化中学高中英语校本课程话题写作 Topic5 Epository writing教案1

Topic5 Expository writingStep One Revise How to write an expository essayStep Two Analyze a good exampleLi Gang, a boy student of 21, is now studying in the English Department of Beijing Foreign Languag es University. He likes sports and games, singing and dancing, and can speak English fluently. As a League secretary, he is highly spoken of by the teachers and students and regarded as an outstanding student with great ability.Li Gang is from Shandong Province. His parents are both teachers.hospital.Li Gang has made up his mind to be a good translator after graduation and serve the four modernizations”of our country.分析：a boy student of 21 ；a famous d octor同位语高级词汇运用 fluently is highly spoken of regarded asan outstanding student with great ability has made up his mindserve the four modernizations”of our country.Step Three Writi ng联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。

高中英语必修二人教版第五单元写作范文

高中英语必修二人教版第五单元写作范文High school is a crucial time for personal growth and academic development. One of the key components of this journey is the study of English language and literature. The People's Education Edition of the Required English Textbook for High School, Module 5, provides a comprehensive framework for enhancing students' writing skills. This module delves into various aspects of the writing process, equipping learners with the necessary tools to express themselves effectively in the English language.The writing assignments in this module cover a wide range of genres, from personal narratives to persuasive essays. By exploring these diverse forms of written expression, students gain a deeper understanding of the nuances and techniques involved in crafting compelling and coherent pieces. The module emphasizes the importance of organization, clarity, and the effective use of language to convey ideas and emotions.One of the primary focuses of this module is the development of critical thinking skills. Students are encouraged to analyze complextopics, consider multiple perspectives, and formulate well-reasoned arguments. This process not only enhances their writing abilities but also fosters a deeper engagement with the subject matter, enabling them to approach academic and real-world challenges with a more nuanced and analytical mindset.The writing exercises within this module also provide opportunities for students to hone their research skills. Learners are often required to gather information from various sources, evaluate the credibility and relevance of the data, and seamlessly incorporate it into their written work. This practice not only strengthens their research capabilities but also cultivates their ability to synthesize information and present it in a clear and compelling manner.Moreover, the module emphasizes the importance of effective communication and the power of the written word. Students are encouraged to consider their target audience, adapt their writing style accordingly, and craft messages that resonate with their readers. This focus on audience awareness and rhetorical strategies equips learners with the skills necessary to navigate various professional and academic settings, where the ability to communicate effectively can be a crucial asset.Beyond the technical aspects of writing, this module also explores the role of creativity and personal expression in the writing process.Students are encouraged to infuse their unique perspectives, experiences, and voices into their work, fostering a sense of ownership and pride in their writing. This approach not only enhances the quality of their written pieces but also contributes to the development of their individual identities and the cultivation of their unique literary voices.The writing assignments in this module are designed to challenge students and push them out of their comfort zones. From crafting persuasive arguments to exploring the depths of personal narratives, learners are exposed to a diverse range of writing tasks that hone their skills and prepare them for the demands of higher education and the professional world.Throughout this module, students are provided with ample opportunities for feedback, revision, and collaborative learning. Peer review sessions and one-on-one consultations with teachers allow learners to receive constructive criticism, gain new perspectives, and refine their writing abilities. This iterative process not only strengthens their writing skills but also fosters a growth mindset, where setbacks are viewed as opportunities for improvement and personal development.In conclusion, the People's Education Edition of the Required English Textbook for High School, Module 5, offers a comprehensive andenriching experience for students seeking to enhance their writing skills. By exploring a wide range of genres, developing critical thinking abilities, and cultivating effective communication strategies, learners are equipped with the necessary tools to thrive in their academic pursuits and navigate the complexities of the modern world. This module serves as a valuable resource for high school students, empowering them to become confident and articulate writers, capable of expressing their ideas with clarity, passion, and conviction.。

高中说明文英语作文模板

高中说明文英语作文模板High School Expository Essay English Writing Template。

Introduction。

In high school, students are often required to write expository essays as part of their English curriculum. Expository essays are a common type of academic writing that aims to explain or inform the reader about a particular topic. This type of essay requires students to conduct research, gather evidence, and present their findings in a clear and concise manner. In this article, we will discuss the structure and key components of a high school expository essay, as well as provide some tips for writing a successful essay.Body。

1. Topic Selection。

The first step in writing an expository essay is to choose a topic that is both interesting and relevant. Students should consider their audience and select a topic that will engage and inform the reader. It is important to choose a topic that can be thoroughly researched and supported with evidence. Some common topics for high school expository essays include historical events, scientific discoveries, literary works, and social issues.2. Thesis Statement。

英语作文高中模板说明文

英语作文高中模板说明文High School Template for Expository Writing。

Expository writing is a common type of writing that is used to explain, describe, or inform. It is a very important skill for high school students to master, as it is often used in academic and professional settings. In this article, we will discuss the basic structure and components of a high school template for expository writing.Introduction。

The introduction is the first paragraph of the expository essay. It should grab the reader's attention and provide a brief overview of the topic. The introduction should also include a thesis statement, which is a one or two sentence summary of the main point or argument of the essay.Body Paragraphs。

The body of the essay is where the writer provides detailed information, examples, and evidence to support the thesis statement. Each body paragraph should focus on a single main idea or point and include a topic sentence that introduces the main idea. The writer should then provide supporting details and examples to explain and develop the main idea. It is important to use clear and specific language to effectively communicate the information to the reader.Transitions。

英语作文高中必修五模板

英语作文高中必修五模板High School English Compulsory Five Template。

Introduction:The high school English compulsory five template is a standardized format for writing essays in English classes. It includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. This template is designed to help students organize their thoughts and arguments in a clear and logical manner.Title: The Importance of Literature in High School Education。

Introduction:Literature is an essential part of high school education. It provides students with the opportunity to explore different cultures, time periods, and perspectives. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of literature in high school education and how it can benefit students in their academic and personal growth.Body Paragraph 1: Literature as a Reflection of Society。

Literature reflects the society in which it was written, providing students with valuable insights into different cultures and historical periods. By studying literature, students can gain a deeper understanding of the world around them and develop empathy for people from different backgrounds. This can help them become more open-minded and tolerant individuals.Body Paragraph 2: Critical Thinking and Analysis。

奉化中学高中英语校本课程话题写作 Topic5 Expository writing教案2

Topic5 Expository writingStep One Check the homeworkStep Two How to begin an expository writing说明文写作指导说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。

它是一种应用性物介绍等，常见说明方法有：定义、注释、举例、分类、比较、引用、比喻、描述、数字分析和综合等。

说明文的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，有时用虚拟语气。

对中学生而言，说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表、图示，文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。

写说明文必须注意事实正确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练和用词准确。

说明文范文赏析说明文是对事情的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的一种文体。

这类文章的目的和性质是客观地介绍、解释事物，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、做出证明。

一般说来，知识简介，商品介绍，旅游指南，科技读物，工作总结，实验报告，教材辅导等均属说明文之列。

写说明文，可以按时间、空间、结构、逻辑顺序来写，也可以采取举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、说明、叙述等方法。

1.比较对照比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：1）逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。

如：There are basic differences between large and small enterprises. In ayour work and of your decisions ground. In the large organization you are normally taught one thing thoroughly. In the small one the danger is of becoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none. In the large it is of becoming the man who knows more and more about less and less.2) 整块比较It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate his victory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlike winners, losers are the lonelypublic. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.2.分类分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。

高中英语校本课程话题写作Topic5Expositorywriting教案2.doc

Topic5 Expository writingStep One Check the homeworkStep Two How to begin an expository writing说明文写作指导说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等特征的文章。

它是一种应用性很强的文体，说明的目的是让读者有所知，给读者提供知识，使之了解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。

说明文的基本特点就是具有知识性、科学性、应用性、解说性和条理性。

常见的说明文有：解说词、说明书、书文简介、内容提要、科普小品、生产工艺、操作规程和景物介绍等，常见说明方法有：定义、注释、举例、分类、比较、引用、比喻、描述、数•字分析和综合等。

说明文的时态常用一般现住时，语态常用被动语态，有时用虚拟语气。

对中学生而言，说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表、图示，文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、口记等。

写说明文必须注意事实正确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练和用词准确。

说明文范文赏析说明文是对事情的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的 i种文体。

这类文章的目的和性质是客观地介绍、解释事物•，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、做出证明。

一般说來，知识简介，商品介绍，旅游指南，科技读物，工作总结，实验报告，教材辅导等均属说明文之列。

写说明文，可以按时间、空间、结构、逻辑顺序来写，也可以采取举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、说明、叙述等方法。

1.比较对照比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：1）逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。

如：There are bas i c differences between large and smal1 enterprises・ In asmall enterpiise. you operated mainly through personal contacts. In a large enterpiise. you have established '^policies" , “channels，' of organization, and fairly strict proceduie. In the small enterprise you have immediate effectiveness in a very small area. You can see the effect of your work and of your decisions ground. In the large organization you are normally taught one thing thorough 1 y・ In the smal 1 one the dan ger is of becoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master~of-none. In the large it is of becoming the man who knows more and more, about less and less.2)整块比较It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publ icly・ He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate his victory・ People love to be with winners. Winners are never Ionely.Uni ike winners, losers are the lonelyones of the world. It is difficult to face defeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointment publicly. They can not cry or grieve abouttheir defeat. They may suffer privately, but they must be composed inpublic. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.2.分类分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。

Expository Writing 说明文

[英文写作教程]第三课：说明文（Expository Essay）说明文是阐述或解释某一事物的发生、发展、结果、特徵、性质、状态、功能等的文体，主要用于介绍某些操作程序，解释抽象概念，说明客观事物的特点，或阐明自然现象等，能提供事物的What, Why, How方面的知识，使读者明白事理。

除了一般课堂作文外，多用于研究报告及实验结果的文章。

说明可分为两种：（I）事物说明文：指说明的事物是具有形体的东西。

（II）事理说明文：指说明抽象的概念，或介绍事物的本质属性，或陈述事情的原因等。

说明文与其他文体的分别：（I）说明与记叙：说明偏重于知识性、科学性，大多是为了解释说明某些客观事物，帮助读者了解客观世界；叙述则偏重于具体地反映事物的情况和变化过程，使人有所感知和感动。

（II）说明与描写：说明要求以平实简洁的语言，将事物的状态、性质、功能、成因、过程等告诉读者；描写是对事物作生动的描绘，使读者有深刻的感受。

（III）说明与议论：说明是为了让读者了解情况、明白事理、知道真伪，一般不确立什么论点；议论是对事物或问题进行推断、论证、发表评论、提出作者的论点及主张。

说明的方法：（I）定义说明法：对某种事物的本质特徵或概念作准确而简要的说明。

（i）简短定义Short Definition：先陈述要解释的定义，再说明它所属的组别，最后说明它与其他组别不同之处。

“Pardon” is an action of a court or ruler forgiving a person for an illegal act and giving freedom from punishment.“Excuse”is the reason, whether true or untrue, given when asking to be forgiven for absence, wrong behavior, a fault, etc.( Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English )（ii）延伸定义Extended Definition：有别于简短定义只用一两句来解释，延伸定义本身便可成一篇文章，而通常要下定义的语句较为复杂或抽象，而解释的方法包括：（1）提供例子说明；（2）列出其显着的特点和特徵；（3）提出历史发展的实证；（4）以比较及对比方式来解释；（5）先分明别类，再逐一说明每类之差异；Example:One-upmanshipOne-upmanship is the art of impressing other people. You are “one up” on someone if you have said something impressive, something that makes the other person feel inferior. At the beginning of this year, I met three new students who all knew the art of one-upmanship. One said that his brother was a lieutenant in the Marine Corps. The other told me that he had been at a school that had its own fully equipped television studio. The third had just come from an exclusive prep school in New England. To play the game, I should have thought of an answer that would put me “one up” in turn. To the first, I should have replied that my uncle is the adjutant to the Commanding General of the Corps. To the second, I should have said that our school has an electronically operated language lab. To the third, I should have said that my father is a professor at Harvard. Unfortunately, none of those things is true.分析如下：本文向读者说明一个单词－One-upmanship，并运用了简短定义法，对One-upmanship 下了扼要定义，跟着以举例方法延伸这词的解释，用作者见到的three new students 如何运用one-upmanship的例子来说明，以及他欲反败为胜的方法，将抽象的定义演绎成具体生动的事例。

20-21版：Writing—Expository writing：solving a proble

Writing—Expository writing：solving a problem写作指导本单元的写作任务是写解决问题类作文，一般从以下几个方面展开：1．提出问题或列出现象，并简要阐述其产生的原因；2．说明其对生活和社会的影响；3．提出解决问题的方法。

写作时应注意以下四个方面：1．此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论；2．围绕主题，进行拓展。

根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分的内容，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练；3．时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，则应对时态进行相应的调整；4．要注意存在的问题，分析此问题可能带来的危害，然后针对此问题提出解决方案。

常用表达1．To start with，...The second reason is...The last but not least important reason is...2．First of all，...Secondly，...Thirdly，st but not least，...3．Now that the causes for...are organized，some solutions must be made in order to...4．In my opinion，the best way to solve the problem is...5．My tips are as follows...6．The reasons for...can be listed as follows.7．If I．..，here is a problem I might have.8．Perhaps I would use...水是生命之源，而在现实生活中，浪费水的现象屡见不鲜。

请你以“How to Save Water”为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，提出解决办法。