DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Motomen' Bring Cambodian Villagers into E-Mail World

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DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Medical Information on the Internet

DEVELOPMENT REPORT- July 23, 2001: Medical Information on the InternetBy Nancy SteinbachThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Six major publishers have announced an agreement to provide developing countries with medical publications on the Internet computer system. The agreement includes about one-thousand of the top medical publications in the world. Some of the six publishers also plan to place medical books on the Internet in a similar way.The World Health Organization asked the publishers to take the action so doctors and researchers in poor countries could improve health care in their nations. The agreement is expected to help at least six-hundred institutions in one-hundred developing countries. These include universities, medical schools, hospitals and research centers. The program also includes teaching people how to find the medical information using a computer. It will go into effect in January.Scientific magazines have published medical research for more than fifty years. But many medical schools in developing countries cannot get the publications. One W-H-O official says most American medical schools get one-thousand or more publications. Most medical schools in developing countries get fewer than one-hundred.One reason is cost. Most scientific publications cost between two-hundred and one-thousand-five-hundred dollars a year. Some cost even more. An extreme example is the magazine “Brain Research.” It costs seventeen-thousand dollars a year. It is among the publications included under the new agreement. More than sixty of the poorest countries will receive the publications on the Internet for free. More than thirty other countries will pay a reduced cost for the scientific magazines.The publications will be on the Internet in a special place being created by the W-H-O. It will guarantee security and provide search tools. The W-H-O also is concerned that some countries still will not be able to get the information because they do not have computers. Officials say they are working on a plan to solve that problem. They plan to ask technology companies for help in providing more computers for researchers in developing countries.W-H-O director Gro Harlem Brundtland says the agreement is the biggest step ever taken to equalize health information among rich and poor countries.This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Nancy Steinbach.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version。

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - WHO Measles Campaign

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - June 9, 2003: WHO Measles CampaignBy Jill MossThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.The World Health Organization is asking nations for an extra two-hundred-million dollars to fight measles indeveloping countries. The request was made last month during a meeting of the one-hundred-ninety-two member World Health Assembly.The W-H-O says that each year almost seven-hundred-fifty-thousand children die from measles. That is out of more than thirty million cases. Yet, it can be prevented with a vaccine medicine given early in life.Measles is a highly infectious disease caused by a virus. It attacks the skin surfaceand the body ’s defense system. The disease can spread through liquid from thenose and throat of an infected person. People can also become sick by breathinginfected particles in the air.The W-H-O and the United Nations Children ’s Fund say they plan to use therequested money over the next three years to fight measles in forty-five countries.Most are in Africa, where health officials say more than half of all deaths frommeasles happen. W-H-O officials say this new campaign could prevent more thantwo-million deaths in Africa alone over the next ten years.Danny Tarantola (tah-RAHN-to-lah) is the director of vaccines at the World HealthOrganization. He says this campaign would offer children two chances to be vaccinated. The first would be at nine months of age. The vaccine would be given through the established health care system of each nation. The second chance would be three or four years later through additional vaccination programs. The W-H-O campaign would pay for the vaccine, safe injection materials, cooling equipment and trained workers to supervisevaccination programs.The W-H-O says this campaign would help the United Nations reach two of its health goals. The first goal is to reduce by two-thirds the death rate of children under age five by two-thousand-ten. The second goal is to cut the number of measles deaths in half from nineteen-ninety-nine levels. Officials hope to do this within the next two years.The W-H-O says that of all health interventions, measles vaccination carries one of the highest health returns for the money spent. The health agency says one amount of measles vaccine costs just twenty-five cents, one-quarter of an American dollar. And that includes safe injection equipment.This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss. Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version Afghan toddler receives measles vaccine (UNICEF photo - P. Bronstein)。

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Tools for Development

DEVELOPMENT REPORT – July 29, 2002: Tools for DevelopmentBy Jill MossThis is the VOA Special English Development Report. Building things or making clothes can be difficult in developing countries, especially without the correct tools. However, an international humanitarian organization called CARE is trying to change this. CARE runs a special program called Tools for Development to help workers in developing countries.The Tools for Development program sells used tools and equipment at low cost to people who have small businesses. The tools are priced low enough so that poor people can buy them.Roy Megarry (Ma-GARY) started Tools for Development fifteen years ago. At thetime, he was the publisher of the Globe and Mail, a Canadian newspaper. MisterMegarry got the idea for the program while visiting a technical training school forboys in Lima, Peru.The Catholic priest who operated the school told Mister Megarry that the schoolneeded equipment for its training program. Mister Megarry sent a letter to thepresident of Sears Company in Canada requesting help. The company gaveequipment to the school in exchange for advertising in the newspaper. Today, Tools for Development receives free equipment and gifts from companies and organizations all over the world. Since the program began, more than two -thousand people have purchased more than six-thousand tools andequipment. They paid a total cost of one -million -two-hundred-thousand dollars. Mister Megarry says at least ten-thousand jobs have been saved or created because of the program. Money gained from the sale of the tools is used for loans, training and shipping costs.People can buy many kinds of equipment through Tools for Development. For example, there are tools for metal workers, shoemakers, pipe builders, clothing makers and people who fix vehicles. Some computers are also sold. Tools for Development is currently operating in Ecuador, Costa Rica and Jamaica. However, CARE is hoping to expand the program to other developing nations. You can learn more about Tools for Development. Write to CARE Canada, the Globe and Mail newspaper, four-four-four Front Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M-five -V, two-S-nine, Canada. Or you can visit the CARE Canada Internet Web site at w-w-w-dot-c-a-r-e-dot-c-a. This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version (Photo - CARE)。

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Honors for Women From China, Guatemala, India and Sudan

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Honors for Women From China, Guatemala, India and SudanBy Jill Moss / Broadcast date: Monday, March 19, 2007This is the VOA Special English Development Report.Seven women were honored last week in Washington for their efforts to expanddemocracy and women's rights in their countries. The seven from China, Guatemala, India and Sudan received awards from Vital Voices, a nonprofit group.Among them was Chinese AIDS activist Gao Yaojie, aneighty-year-old retired doctor. During the late nineteennineties, Doctor Gao discovered a public health crisis inHenan province. Thousands of local farmers were beinginfected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. They wereselling their blood at collection centers that were using dirtyneedles and recycled blood.Doctor Gao was almost not able to travel to the United States to receive the Vital Voices award. Local officials in Henan placed her under house arrest. But they let her travel after her situation received international attention.Vital Voices also honored three other Chinese women. Guo Jianmei has led efforts to provide Chinese women with legal aid. Wang Xingjuan has created a telephone hotline for women seeking advice about their rights and ways to improve their economic situations. And Xie Lihua started Rural Women Knowing All magazine. She is also secretary general of the Cultural Development Center for Rural Women.Vital Voices also recognized Margaret Alva from India. She has been a government minister and parliament member. She helped start a so-called "silent revolution" in an effort to guarantee that women's voices are heard in Indian politics.Award winner Maria Pacheco is from Guatemala. She has worked to help local women start small businesses and connect with world markets.The seventh women is Awut Deng Acuil, a leader in conflictresolution in southern Sudan. She tells us that working forDoctor Gao Yaojiepeace requires self-sacrifice. Becoming a victim does not giveyou hope, she says; what does is turning that experience intochange for good.Among those attending the ceremony was Senator HillaryRodham Clinton, a Vital Voices board member.Until now, Vital Voices has only honored women. But this year it gave an award to Muhammad Yunus of Bangladesh. He won the Nobel Peace Prize last year for starting the GrameenBank, a leader in micro-lending, giving small loans as a way to fight poverty. The bank directs most of its services to women.And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Jill Moss. I'mSteve Ember. Awut Deng Acuil (left) with Margaret Alva。

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工业机器人的发展状况

工业机器人的发展状况目录0．引言 (3)1．工业机器人的发展现状 (3)1．1国外工业机器人的发展历史 (3)1．2国内工业机器人的发展现状 (4)1．3产业化是我国工业机器人发展的必由之路 (4)2．工业机器人发展特点 (4)2．1 适用性 (5)2．2 专用化 (5)2．3 高精度高速度 (5)2．4 模拟性 (5)2．5 易操作更灵活 (6)2．6 易控制 (6)2．7 更自动化 (6)3 ．产业化的影响因素 (6)3．1 市场方面 (6)3．2 技术方面 (7)3．3 人员方面 (7)4．产业化的发展策略 (8)4．1 产业化的发展策略 (8)4．2 建立示范工程 (8)4．3 国际技术合作 (8)4．4 重视基础研究 (8)4．5 形成规模生产 (8)5．机器人的作用 (9)5．1 二十一世纪机器人的作用 (9)5．2 机器人作用的在军事上的具体体现 (9)5．3 机器人在制造业的运用 (10)5．4 机器人在汽车行业中的运用 (10)6．机器人的影响 (12)6．1 对管理的影晌 (12)6．2 对社会的影响 (12)6．2 对文化的影响 (14)7．工业机器人的发展趋势 (14)7．1 工业机器人机械系统性能的提高 (14)7．2 机器人智能控制系统的发展 (15)8.结束语 (16)答谢辞 (17)参考文献 (17)工业机器人的发展状况摘要：工业机器人在现代制造技术中起着举足轻重的作用。

本文介绍了国内外工业机器人的发展现状，工业机器人的发展特点，指出了我国工业机错误！未找到索引项。

器人产业化发展的影响因素和实施策略,阐述了工业机器人技术的发展趋势。

关键词：工业机器人；产业化；FMS；CIMS；The present situation and developing trend of industrial robotAbstractIndustrial robot plays an very important rule in the modern manufacturing process. The paper summarizes the presentsituation of the industrial robot, put forwards the affecting factors and the implementing tactics of the industrialization about the industrial robot in our country, forecast the trend of its development.Key words:Industrial robot; Industrialization; FMS; CIMS;0．引言机器人学是一门综合性的新兴学科,它涉及机械工程学、电气工程学、微电子工程学、计算机工程学、控制工程学、信息传感工程学、声学工程学、仿生学以及人工智能工程学等多门尖端学科。

VOA慢速英语011.Development Report

001.Increasing Food Security in Dry Areas of the Middle EastThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Agricultural experts have launched a land and water management project in the Middle East. The project seeks to increase food security in dry areas. Researchers say the water availability in some of the areas has dropped well below the internationally recognized standard.Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, the West Bank, Syria and Yemen are all taking part in the project. It is part of a larger ten-year effort called the Water and Livelihoods Initiative. The project is also expected to increase household income for farmers in the areas.The United States Agency for International Development provided one million dollars for the Water and Livelihoods Initiative. Scott Christianson is an agricultural development advisor with U.S.A.I.D. He helped develop the project while working for the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas. He says the countries taking part in the project were all carefully selected.SCOTT CHRISTIANSON: "They all share a socio-economic and cultural heritage that's fairly homogeneous. We feel that it's going to maximize our opportunity for trading of knowledge that we will generate in the project."Research by the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas and its partners has already proven to be successful. New irrigation methods are expected to double wheat production while using one-third of the water required for full irrigation. Experts say the new methods also increase crop production up to five times more than crops that depend on rainfall only.The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas will provide technical support for the project. Officials from the International Water Management Institute and the International Food Policy Research Institute are also taking part in the effort.Each team will be joined by experts from local research institutions, universities and government agencies.SCOTT CHRISTIANSON: "We have good partnerships among the countries within each agro-eco system so that through this twinning they can learn lessons from each other and work together effectively through time."Scott Christianson and other officials met in Amman, Jordan last week. They attended an international conference on food security and climate change in dry areas. Nearly one-fourth of the world's people live in these areas.Officials say more must be done to deal with water shortages in agriculture. If not, they say, the future of food security, economic development and social stability in dry areas will be put at risk.And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms. I'm Steve Ember.002.Breathing Easier: The Art of Stove Making27 January 2010More than three billion people are at risk from indoor air pollution because of the heating or cooking fuels they use. Most live in Africa, India and China. They use biomass fuels like wood, crop waste, animal waste or coal. These solid fuels may be the least costly fuels available. But they are also a major cause of health problems and death.For more than thirty years, the Aprovecho Research Center has been designing cleaner, low-cost cooking stoves for the developing world. Dean Still is the director of the group which is based in the United States. He notes a World Health Organization estimate that more than one and a half million people a year die from breathing smoke from solid fuels.DEAN STILL: "And half of the people on planet Earth every day use wood or biomass for cooking. These are the people on Earth who have less money, and the richer people use oil and gas. It's been estimated that wood is running out more quickly than oil and gas. And so it is very important for the poorer people to have very efficient stoves that protect their forests and that protect their health."Every year Aprovecho holds a "stove camp" at its testing station in Cottage Grove, Oregon. Engineers, inventors, students and others come together to design and test different methods and materials for improving stoves.Over the years, the group has made stoves using mud, bricks, sheet metal, clay, ceramics and old oil drums. Most of the stoves look like large, deep cooking pots. They have an opening at the bottom for the fire and a place on top to put a pot.In the late nineteen seventies, Aprovecho produced a popular stove called the Lorena. The Lorena was very good at reducing smoke and warming homes. But new tests years later found that it was not very efficient. The Lorena used twice as much wood as an open fire, and took much longer to heat food.Since then, Dean Still says they have experimented with countless other designs.DEAN STILL: "Our goal is to make a very inexpensive stove -- let's say five dollars -- that makes very, very little smoke, so it's safe for health, diminishes global warming and diminishes deforestation. And so it's an ongoing problem to work on."Aprovecho has now partnered with a stove manufacturer in China. The company is making Aprovecho's first mass produced stoves. They are said to use forty to fifty percent less wood than an open fire, and produce fifty to seventy-five percent less smoke. A company called StoveTec is selling them through its Web site for less than ten dollars. Dean Still says that more than one hundred thousand have been sold so far.003.Steps Urged to Prevent Snakebites, Improve TreatmentsThis is the VOA Special English Health Report.This is the VOA Special English Development Report.Snakes bite an estimated five and a half million people worldwide each year. Experts say tens of thousands of people die from venom poisoning.An untreated or incorrectly treated bite might require the removal of a bitten foot, for example, or an arm. Each year around four hundred thousand amputations are the result of snakebites.Last year, for the first time, the World Health Organization added snakebites to its list of "neglected tropical diseases." This recognition aims to bring greater attention to the problem.Scientists know of about three thousand kinds of snakes. About six hundred of them are venomous. These are most often found in rural areas in tropical climates.Asia and Africa have the highest number of snakebites -- together about four million a year. Latin America and islands in the South Pacific follow.The highest number of victims are agricultural workers. Snakebites are also common among fishermen, hunters and children. Many victims live in areas with poor or non-existent health care systems and where antivenom treatments are often not available.Antivenom is the only cure. But experts say antivenom technologies and their use need to be improved. Problems include a shortage of manufacturers and the high cost of treatment.Also, there is a widespread lack of knowledge among local health workers about how to use antivenoms. The treatments can cause dangerous and even deadly reactions if not used carefully.Antivenom contains proteins from animals such as horses or sheep. The animals are injected repeatedly with one or more different snake venoms to produce immunity.The Lancet medical journal recently published a series of reports on snakebite prevention and treatment. David Warrell at the University of Oxford in England co-wrote one of them. He praised efforts by the W.H.O. to establish common practices for the production, regulation and control of antivenom. But he says more must be done.The authors say community education programs could help prevent snakebites by teaching people how to avoid them. They also suggest actions like providing protective boots to wear while working in fields, and not sleeping on the ground.Also important is providing information about where dangerous snakes are most likely to live and when they are most active.004. New Vaccine Joins Campaign to End PolioTThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.The World Health Organization has begun to use a new vaccine against polio. Officials say it will become a major tool in the campaign to end a disease that mainly affects children under age five.The new formulation is known as B.O.P.V. , or bivalent oral polio vaccine. It was used for the first time in December in a polio immunization campaign in Afghanistan.Carol Pandak is with the PolioPlus program of the service organization Rotary International. She explains that health workers have been using what are called trivalent vaccines in some places. These are areas like Afghanistan where more than one kind of polio virus exists.There are three types of polio virus. The trivalent vaccine is least effective against type three, more effective against type one and highly effective against type two. As a result, few new casesof type two have been reported since nineteen ninety-nine.This has led to greater use of monovalent vaccines to protect against either type one or type three polio. But Carol Pandak says the monovalent vaccine is not enough in areas with both.CAROL PANDAK: "You address the type one, and the type three cases go up. You address the type three, and the type one cases go up."Rod Curtis at the World Health Organization in Geneva says the new bivalent vaccine solves this problem.ROD CURTIS: "The beauty of the bivalent vaccine is that it is able to attack both types of wild polio virus in one dose."Carol Pandak says tests found the new vaccine to be thirty percent more effective than the trivalent vaccine.More than thirty new cases of polio were reported in Afghanistan last year. About half were type one and the others type three. Rod Curtis says that shows the importance of the new vaccine targeting both viruses at once. Officials say similar vaccination campaigns are planned this year in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.Intensive vaccination campaigns have reduced the number of new polio cases reported worldwide to fewer than two thousand a year. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative says the number has fallen by ninety-nine percent since nineteen eighty eight.Polio is highly infectious. One victim in two hundred suffers permanent paralysis, usually in the legs. Five to ten percent of those victims die when their breathing muscles fail.005. Solar-Powered Pumps Aid African FarmersThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.A new study in West Africa shows how farm irrigation systems powered by the sun can produce more food and money for villagers. The study in Benin found that solar-powered pumps are effective in supplying water, especially during the long dry season.Sub-Saharan Africa is the part of the world with the least food security. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that more than one billion of the world's people faced hunger last year. Around two hundred sixty-five million of them live south of the Sahara Desert. Lack of rainfall is one of their main causes of food shortages.Jennifer Burney from Stanford University in California led the study. The research team helped build three solar-powered drip irrigation systems in northern Benin.Between thirty and thirty-five women used each system to pump water from the ground or a stream. Each woman was responsible for farming her own one hundred twenty square meters of land. They also farmed other land collectively.The solar-powered irrigation systems produced an average of nearly two metric tons of vegetables per month. During the first year, the women kept a monthly average of almost nine kilograms of vegetables for home use.They sold the surplus produce at local markets. The earnings greatly increased their ability to buy food during the dry season which can last six to nine months.People in the two villages with the systems were able to eat three to five more servings of vegetables per day. But making the surplus available at markets also had a wider effect.The study compared the villages with two others where women farmed with traditional methods like carrying water in buckets. The amount of vegetables eaten in those villages also increased, though not as much.The researchers note that only four percent of the cropland in sub-Saharan Africa is irrigated. Using solar power to pump water has higher costs at first. But the study says it can be more economical in the long term than using fuels like gasoline, diesel or kerosene. And solar power is environmentally friendly.The study appears this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.006. New Treatment for Sleeping SicknessThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.The World Health Organization is using a new combination of drugs to treat human African trypanosomiasis disease, also known as sleeping sickness. The drugs nifurtimox an eflornithine will be given out in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.Officials from the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative say the new treatment has fewer side effects. It is also more effective and less costly than the drugs traditionally used. In addition, the new treatment reduces the number of injections needed. And it shortens the amount of time patients must spend in the hospital.Sleeping sickness threatens millions of people in thirty-six countries in Africa. Most live in poor rural areas. The disease is caused by the trypanosoma parasite. It is spread to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies.Common signs of sleeping sickness include fever, headaches, extreme tiredness and pain in the muscles and joints. Early identification of the disease may be difficult because many infected people do not show any immediate symptoms.Over time, the parasites invade the central nervous system. The disease causes sleep disorders, mental confusion, personality changes, speech problems, seizures and coma. If left untreated, sleeping sickness kills.The World Health Organization estimates that about sixty thousand people are currently infected with the disease. It develops in two different forms. Trypanosoma gambiense is responsible for ninety percent of the reported cases of sleeping sickness. People infected with this form may develop the disease over many years without any major symptoms. The disease develops more quickly over a few weeks or months in people infected with trypanosoma rhodesiense.Until now the drug melarsoprol was used to treat patients in the advanced stage of sleeping sickness.But the drug requires many painful injections several times a day for several weeks. It also causes bad side effects, some of which can be deadly.In Uganda, a new study has confirmed earlier research linking the spread of sleeping sickness to infected farm animals. The writers of the study have called for stronger rules requiring cattle to be treated before being sold at market. The study was published in the Public Library of Science.007. Bringing Light to Homes in Poor CountriesThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.More than one and a half billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.In the late nineteen nineties, the Canadian professor was working in Nepal when his return flight was canceled. A delay gave him time to take a fourteen-day hiking trip in the Himalayas.As he tells it, one day he looked in the window of a school and noticed how dark it was. This is a common problem for millions of children around the world -- and not just at school, but also at home.Many families use kerosene oil lamps. There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small amount of light. They are dangerous to breathe. And they are a big fire danger, causing many injuries and deaths each year.Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still costly in poor countries. Professor Irvine-Halliday says many people spend well over one hundred dollars a year on the fuel.When he returned to Canada, he began researching ways to provide safe, clean and affordable lighting. He began experimenting with light-emitting diodes, LEDs, at his laboratory at the University of Calgary in Alberta. As a professor of renewable energy, he already knew about the technology.Light-emitting diodes are small glass lamps that use much less electricity than traditional bulbs and last much longer.Professor Irvine-Halliday used a one-watt bright white L.E.D. made in Japan. He found it on the Internet and connected it to a bicycle-powered generator. He remembers thinking it was so bright, a child could read by the light of a single diode.In two thousand, after much research and many experiments, he returned to Nepal to put the systems into homes. His Light Up the World Foundation has now equipped the homes of twenty-five thousand people in fifty-one countries.DAVID IRVINE-HALLIDAY: "The one-time cost of our system -- which consists of a small solar panel, a little motorcycle-sized battery and a couple of LED lamps, which basically live forever, as well as the solar panel -- is less than one hundred dollars. So, one year of kerosene would pay for a solid-state lighting system."Now his aim is to develop a lower-cost lighting system. In January, David Irvine-Halliday is leaving the University of Calgary. He has also decided to give up leadership in the Light Up the World Foundation to start a company in India.And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms with Rosanne Skirble. I'm Christopher Cruise.008. Increase in Illegal Killing of Rhinos in Africa, AsiaThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.A new report says the illegal killing of rhinos for their horns is increasing in Africa and Asia.Rhinoceros poachers are killing an estimated two to three of the rare animals each week.Experts say demand in Asia -- especially Vietnam and China -- currently drives most trade in rhino horns from southern Africa. The horns are often used to make traditional medicines, or handles for dagger knives.The report is from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and an organization known as Traffic.Most African rhino poaching is in Zimbabwe and South Africa. Experts found that two hundred ten rhinos were illegally killed in South Africa in the last three years.The estimate for Zimbabwe is two hundred thirty-five. The situation threatens gains made in its rhino populations in the nineteen nineties. In the last two years, only six people were found guilty of poaching charges out of forty-one arrested.In two thousand one, sixty-eight percent of African rhino horns entering illegal trade were recovered. By this year, nine out of ten were heading to Asian markets without interference.The report says poaching and illegal horn trade has increased in South Africa even with new measures against it.Adding to the problem, poachers today are more skilled at killing rhinos, and not only with guns. They also use quieter methods, like veterinary drugs, poison and crossbows.An international agreement on protecting endangered animals and plants provides for sport hunting of white rhinos in Africa. But the horns often enter illegal markets.Not all the news is bad, however. The report notes that rhino populations are increasing in some areas. These include both white rhinos and black rhinos in the wild in Africa.Africa had an estimated seventeen thousand white rhinos and four thousand black rhinos as of two years ago. Current estimates for Asia are around three thousand rhinos. But even with poaching, growth is reported in some areas of India and Nepal.Wildlife activists are urging governments to do more to fight rhino poaching.The report was presented to the organization known as CITES. CITES is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. The next conference of countries that are parties to the agreement is in March in Doha, Qatar.009. Looking for New Ways to Fight MalariaThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Scientists continue to seek better weapons against malaria. Each year the number of cases is in the hundreds of millions worldwide. Around a million people die, most of them in Africa. Economic losses from the disease amount to an estimated one percent of the African economy each year.George Dimopoulos is an associate professor at the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.GEORGE DIMOPOULOS: "Forty-two percent of the earth's population live in areas where malaria transmitting mosquitoes exist. All of these people are in risk of being infected with malaria. The sad thing is that the majority of people that are killed by malaria are children because there immune system is not strong enough to ward off this infection."Malaria is caused by a parasite called Plasmodium. The organism is injected into peoplethrough the bite of infected mosquitoes. Malaria can be treated, but in many areas the parasites have become resistant to different drugs.George Dimopoulos and his team are studying ways to make mosquitoes resist infection by the parasite. There are hundreds of kinds of mosquitoes in the world. Most do not spread malaria. Some have immune systems that kill Plasmodium.GEORGE DIMOPOULOS: "We are particularly interested in these type of immune reactions that are responsible for killing the malaria parasite. Because we think once we understand how they work, we could be able to manipulate the mosquito genetically and convert mosquitoes that can transmit malaria into mosquitoes that cannot transmit malaria."The researchers have developed a way to make genetic changes in the three mosquito species known to spread malaria. The changes cause their systems to attack the parasite, blocking its development. Other researchers are working on ways to spread these genetically modified insects among mosquito populations.Professor Dimopoulos says there is still a long way to go, but current malaria research is highly promising.A new vaccine is in final testing. So far it has proven effective at preventing the disease in half of those vaccinated -- which is more than ever before.And at the Malaria Institute at Macha in Zambia, researchers are developing an easier way to identify malaria. The test uses saliva instead of blood to diagnose the infection.Current efforts in malaria control are mainly based on the use of insecticide sprays and treated bed nets. But George Dimopoulos says malaria needs to be attacked with drugs, with vaccines, with bed nets -- with whatever researchers can find.GEORGE DIMOPOULOS: "Malaria needs to be attacked with multiple weapons. There is not one magic bullet to control this disease."010. Some Tips for Cold Storage of FoodsThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Before refrigerators were invented, the next best thing was an ice box. But another way to keep food fresh is to use an evaporative cooler. A common design is a tall box with several shelves inside to hold the food. The shelves are pieces of metal with many small holes through them. The sides of the box are covered with pieces of thick cloth.Containers of water are placed at the top and bottom of the cooler. The ends of each piece of cloth lie in the water so the cloth stays wet.The cooler is put outdoors, but not in the sun. Air will pass through the wet cloth. The inside of the box will stay several degrees cooler than the outside air temperature. And this may be cool enough to keep foods fresh, at least for a short time.Some foods can make you sick if they are stored in conditions that are not cold enough to prevent the growth of harmful organisms. Freezing can keep some foods in good condition for months after the growing season. Yet foods can be damaged if they are kept too cold.The British development group Practical Action says the best way to prepare foods for storage is at harvest time while still in the field.Use a sharp knife and place the harvested items on a clean surface or directly into storagecontainers. Do not put them on the ground.Use clean water to remove dirt, and keep the water clean. Usually it is better not to remove outer leaves from fruits and vegetables before storage. Without the leaves, food can become dry.Fruits and vegetables must be cool from field heat before they are put into storage. But cooling them in water can spread fungus throughout the food. A better idea is to harvest foods either early or late in the day, then leave them to cool naturally.Some fruits and vegetables must be stored at zero to four degrees Celsius. Any colder, and they might be damaged. Some foods need to be stored at four to eight degrees, and some need to be stored above eight degrees for best results.Wet the fruits and vegetables so they do not become too dry. The best time to do this is before storage. Cover the items in plastic once they reach the right "critical temperature" for storage. Most fruits and vegetables need the relative humidity in storage to be kept between eighty-five and ninety-five percent.Finally, leave space between the food containers and the walls of the cold storage area so air can flow. Keep the space clean. And try not to open the doors too often.011. Results of UN Food Summit Seen as DisappointingThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Last week, the United Nations held a World Summit on Food Security. But the three-day meeting in Rome produced only limited measures to fight rising hunger. The U.N. World Food Program says more than a billion people -- one in six worldwide -- do not get enough food to be healthy.The troubled world economy is not the only cause of recent increases. The poorest countries continue to face high food prices, which have fallen elsewhere. The U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization says more than thirty nations continue to need emergency food assistance.Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said the food crisis has forced millions of families into poverty and hunger. He said six million children die of hunger every year. And he warned that food security is closely connected to the issue of climate change.BAN KI-MOON: "At a time when the global population is growing, our global climate is changing. By twenty fifty we will need to grow seventy percent more food. Yet weather is becoming more extreme and unpredictable."The delegates in Rome promised to continue efforts to reduce by half the number of hungry people by two thousand fifteen. But critics pointed out that world leaders made a similar promise more than ten years ago.Several countries promised to increase aid for agriculture, to help developing nations become more independent.Still, critics deplored a lack of greater action. Leaders from more than sixty countries were in Rome. But Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi was the only leader from a major industrial nation in the Group of Eight. An official from Kenya, Adam Barre Duale, said it showed a lack of unity in the fight against hunger.ADAM BARRE DUALE: "We need both the developed world and the developing countries to come together and to give and support a global initiative in the war against hunger."The Food and Agriculture Organization says more than forty billion dollars a year needs to be invested in agriculture to defeat world hunger. The growing problem has affected developing countries, but also industrialized nations.The government estimates that forty-nine million people in the United States were "food insecure" last year. That means their households, at some time during the year, had difficulty providing enough food for all members because of a lack of resources. Almost fifteen percent of all households were in that situation. And the Agriculture Department says the numbers may be even higher this year.012. Project Finds New Homes for Unwanted Bikes From USThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Americans bought an estimated eighteen and a half million bicycles last year. Some bikes never get much riding. Mostly they gather dust. But a project based in Washington is putting unwanted bikes from the United States to good use in developing countries.Keith Oberg is the director of Bikes for the World.KEITH OBERG: "Everybody has an old bicycle, and it is usually not ridden. It sits there in the garage, or basement or shed, going to waste."Stephen Popick recently had two bikes to donate.STEPHEN POPICK: "I brought in two mountain bikes that my wife and I have ridden for the past ten years. My bikes wouldn't fetch a nice price and wouldn't be worth trying to sell, but they could be useful to somebody else."Bikes for the World collects bicycles and delivers them at low cost to community programs in developing countries. It shipped more than five thousand bikes during the first eight months of this year. Last year it shipped about ten thousand three hundred.The bicycle recycling program is one of the largest in the United States. It is a sponsored project of the Washington Area Bicyclist Association.Bikes for the World began in two thousand five. Since then it has shipped more than forty thousand bikes to communities in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, says director Keith Oberg.KEITH OBERG: "We work currently with partners in seven countries actively -- in Uganda, Ghana. We're talking to an organization that we would like to ship to in Liberia. We have shipped to Namibia and the Gambia in the past. And in Central America we ship to Panama, Costa Rica, Honduras, Guatemala, and we are talking to two organizations in El Salvador."Bikes for the World partners with nonprofit groups in the United States to collect unwanted bikes. Then it works with nonprofits in the other countries to get the bikes to organizations and individuals that need them the most.For example, the Bicycle Empowerment Network Namibia uses the bikes to provide transportation for health workers. That makes it possible for them to visit more patients each day. The organization also has bicycle ambulance services to transport the sick.The Bicycle Empowerment Network also provides training and support to help local。

高中必修3英语课文逐句翻译(外研版)

1.必修三MODULE 1 Europe欧洲a landmark in Paris巴黎的标志性建筑an art gallery in Florence佛罗伦萨的美术馆a church in Barcelona巴塞罗那的教堂a building in Athens雅典的一座建筑The Eiffel Tower埃菲尔铁塔The Parthenon帕台农神庙The Uffizi Palace乌菲齐美术馆The Sagrada Familia圣家大教堂Great European Cities欧洲大城市PARIS巴黎Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year.巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。

巴黎是世界上最漂亮的城市之一，每年有超过八百万的游客来这里旅游。

The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries, the Louvre, is also located in Paris.最受游客欢迎的旅游景点是埃菲尔铁塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。

世界上最大的美术馆之一——卢浮宫，也在巴黎。

The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafes and theatres. About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris.这个城市也以餐馆、咖啡馆和剧院而闻名。

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - World Population by 2050

DEVELOPMENT REPORT – World Population by 2050By Jill MossBroadcast: August 30, 2004This is Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English Development Report.New research shows that Earth will have more than nine thousand million people by two thousand fifty. The world population is currently estimated at six point four thousand million.The research is from the Population Reference Bureau, a private group based in Washington. It says most growth will take place in developing countries in Africa and western Asia.India is expected to pass China as the world’s most populated nation. By the middle of the century, the report says, India will have over one and one-half thousand million citizens, an increase of fifty percent.China currently has one point three thousand million people. The Population Reference Bureau says the population should increase about ten percent by two thousand fifty.Most industrial nations will see a drop in their populations. The only big exception is expected to be the United States. The report says the United States will remain the third biggest nation. The population is close to three hundred million now. It is expected to reach four hundred twenty million. The report says this will be because of immigration and low death rates among babies.Between now and two thousand fifty, Niger is expected to be the fastest growing country. The biggest decrease is expected in Bulgaria.The study is based on information from governments and the United Nations. Researcher Carl Haub wrote the report. He examined infant death rates, life expectancy, birth rates and the age structure of nations. The study also considered family planning use and, for the first time, rates of AIDS.Mister Haub says most growth will take place in countries with young populations and traditionally large families. He points to Nigeria and Japan as two nations that are moving in opposite directions in terms of population.In Nigeria, almost half the people are under the age of fifteen. Few are over sixty-five. Nigerian women generally give birth about six times during their lives. By comparison, the average Japanese woman has one child. And today about twenty percent of Japanese are over the age of sixty-five.Mister Haub expects the Japanese population to decrease by twenty percent. He estimates that the population of Nigeria will increase by more than one hundred twenty percent by the middle of the century.This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss. This is Gwen Outen.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version。

Development Report 08-6

6.02Development Report - Could Women Solve the Food Crisis?This is the VOA Special English Development Report.On Tuesday, the United Nations will open a "food summit" in Rome. Leaders and high-level officials from around the world will meet at the Food and Agriculture Organization headquarters. The F.A.O. says they will discuss the effects of rising food prices, limited resources, climate change, increased energy needs and population growth.The United Nations agency says the three-day summit offers a historic chance to re-launch the fight against hunger and poverty. Another goal is to increase agricultural production in developing countries.Poor countries will likely spend up to one hundred seventy billion dollars this year to import food -- up forty percent from last year.A new report says agricultural prices should ease from their recent record highs. International prices for most crops have started to drop, mainly because of increased production.But over the next ten years, food prices are expected to average well above levels of the past ten years. World grain supplies are low and need to be refilled, and food crops are being used to make biofuels.The report came from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the F.A.O.The F.A.O. has suggested several measures to deal immediately withthe situation. These include supplying food to at–risk populations and seeds, fertilizer and animal feed to local farmers.But what about long-term answers to food security? The International Center for Research on Women says one answer is investing more in female farmers.Rekha Mehra is the director for economic and development issues at the Washington-based nonprofit. She says improving women's ability to get resources and technology can directly increase agricultural productivity.After all, women produce as much as eighty percent of the food in developing countries. In parts of Africa, for example, men are responsible for cash crops while women are generally responsible for food crops. And, around the world, women are the ones mainly responsible for their families' nutrition.Women farmers usually have to own land to receive loans and other resources. Yet, in many developing countries, women do not have property rights like men have.Rekha Mehra says the right to own land will lead to greater investment in the land. She says world leaders need to think about these gender issues when they meet in Rome this week.And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Jill Moss.6.11Development Report - Helping Foods Keep Their CoolThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Before refrigerators, homes usually had ice boxes. But another way to keep food cool without the need for electricity is to use an evaporative cooler. This is easy to make and does not even use ice.A common design is a tall box with food placed on several shelves inside. The shelves are pieces of metal with many small holes through them. The sides of the box are covered with pieces of thick cloth.Containers of water are placed at the top and bottom of the cooler. The ends of each piece of cloth lie in the water so the cloth stays wet.Put the cooler in the open air but not in the sun. Air will pass through the wet cloth. The inside of the box will stay several degrees cooler than the outside air temperature. And this may be cool enough to keep foods fresh at least for a short time.Cold storage in a freezer, however, can keep foods in good condition for months after the growing season. Yet foods can be damaged if they are kept too cold.The British development group Practical Action says the best way to prepare foods for storage is at harvest time while still in the field. Use a sharp knife to avoid damage.Place the harvested items on a clean surface or directly into storage containers. Do not put them on the ground.Use clean water to remove dirt, and keep the water clean. Usually it is better not to remove outer leaves from fruits and vegetables before storage. Without the leaves, food can become dry.Fruits and vegetables must be cool from field heat before they are put into storage. If they are placed in cool water, however, it can spread fungus throughout the food. A better idea is to harvest foods either early or late in the day, then leave them to cool naturally.Some fruits and vegetables must be stored at zero to four degrees Celsius. Any colder, and they might be damaged. Others need four to eight degrees. And still others must be stored above eight degrees.Wet the fruits and vegetables so they do not become too dry. The best time to do this is before storage. Cover the items in plastic once they reach the right "critical temperature" for storage. Most fruits and vegetables need the relative humidity in storage to be kept between eighty-five and ninety-five percent.Finally, leave space between the food containers and the walls of the storage area so air can flow. Keep the space clean. And try not to open the doors too often.And thats the VOA Special English Development Report.6.17Development Report - Getting Weather Reports to Rural CommunitiesThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.In many developing countries, weather reports remain trapped in the capital. National weather services have the information, but no way to get it to farmers and other people in rural communities.This is the job of an international project called RANET -- Rural Communications using Radio and the Internet. RANET works with national weather services to improve their reach.Kelly Sponberg at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States is the program coordinator. He says that although there is a lot of work at the national level, RANET really happens at the community level.The project develops networks of satellite receiver systems, community radio stations and other technologies. Communities often are provided with some equipment, but the systems are locally owned and supported.RANET uses the WorldSpace satellite system and will soon be on GEONETCast. This is a network of satellite-based systems that provide environmental information.RANET also works with nongovernmental groups and others tomake sure information meets local needs. In addition to weather, broadcast time can be filled with advertisements, local music and reports on farming and market conditions.RANET began in the year two thousand. Kelly Sponberg says the project has set up several hundred local stations in Asia, Africa and the Pacific. RANET is also moving into Latin America.And the project does not just involve community radio stations. For example, RANET helped the Indonesian government develop ways to broadcast warnings of tsunamis and severe weather.RANET has a yearly budget of about seven hundred fifty thousand dollars. Money comes from donors including the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance in the United States Agency for International Development. And technical support comes from groups including the First V oice International, Wantok Enterprises and the Freeplay Foundation.RANET is working to improve communications in countries with limited power supplies. And, in the next month or two, it hopes to launch a community reporter program. Local citizens will provide weather reports and other information through text messaging.The RANET Web site is .And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Jill Moss.6.24Development Report - Fighting Witchweed in African SorghumThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.Farmers in Africa call the striga plant by the name witchweed. It grows a pleasant looking purple flower. But it attacks many crops in the grass family. Witchweed is among the few flowering weeds that act as parasites on other plants.Every year it causes six to seven billion dollars in damage to African grain sorghum. Sorghum is important to the local food supply. The witchweed steals water and nutrients from the roots and attacks the sorghum with a poisonous substance.Now, scientists say they have produced seeds that can protect sorghum crops from witchweed.Kassim Al-Katib is a weed expert at Kansas State University in the United States. Mitch Tuinstra is a genetics and plant-breeding expert formerly at Kansas State but now at Purdue University in Indiana.To deal with witchweed, they developed special sorghum-seed genes. These genes can accept carefully chosen chemical herbicides without being harmed. The researchers placed the herbicides on the sorghum seeds. Kassim al-Katib said the seeds kill the witchweed as the sorghum grows.Mitch Tuinstra directed greenhouse tests of the seeds in the Netherlands in two thousand five and two thousand six. Similar studies took place in field trials in Mali and Niger. These studies showed the treatment to be highly successful.Mitch Tuinstra recently returned from Africa, where he met with agriculture experts. They are working to develop local kinds of sorghum that employ the genes. The project is a collective research program under the United States Agency for International Development.Witchweed has another unusual quality. It requires chemical signals from sorghum seeds to grow. If no sorghum seeds are present, the witchweed seeds can lie under the soil for years. The seeds begin to grow only when they receive the needed chemical signals.Witchweed seed capsules can hold four hundred to five hundred seeds. Winds and rain spread the parasite. The plant can reduce a farmers crop. Or it can completely destroy many hectares of grain. Witchweed is very difficult to remove after it invades an area.Damage from the parasite is worst in dry soil with low fertility. It often strikes farmers who work the poorest land. This can mean disaster for people who already do not have enough to eat.And thats the VOA Special English Development Report, written by Jerilyn Watson.。

VANMASS 2 in 1 Wireless Charger CDRZ35说明书

@VANMASS™ Thank you for purchasing and using this product!In order to bring you a better exper ence, 『ead th1S manual and alsoplease refer to you『mobile phone or沪ur electronic product manual.WIRELESS CHARGERPlease read th s operation instruction carefully and keep it proper!Y扫lorn us ng this product.@VANMASS™2in1'J,(七匕又充雷器芒使用前1工｀乙O取1!l:锐明霍宅去苍切动上、正1.-(安全1匕在使c,<茫i!'C、。

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DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Results of UN Food Summit Seen as Disappointing

Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said the food crisis has forced millions of families into poverty and hunger. He said six million children die of hunger every year. And he warned that food security is closely connected to the issue of climate change. BAN KI-MOON: "At a time when the global population is growing, our global climate is changing. By twenty fifty we will need to grow seventy percent more food. Yet weather is becoming more extreme and unpredictable." The delegates in Rome promised to continue efforts to reduce by half the number of hungry people by two thousand fifteen. But critics pointed out that world leaders made a similar promise more than ten years ago. Several countries promised to increase aid for agriculture, to help developing nations become more independent. Still, critics deplored a lack of greater action. Leaders from more than sixty countries were in Rome. But Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi was the only leader from a major industrial nation in the Group of Eight. An official from Kenya, Adam Barre Duale, said it showed a lack of unity in the fight against hunger. ADAM BARRE DUALE: "We need both the developed world and the developing countries to come together and to give and support a global initiative in the war against hunger." The Food and Agriculture Organization says more than forty billion dollars a year needs to be invested in agriculture to defeat world hunger. The growing problem has affected developing countries, but also industrialized nations. The government estimates that forty-nine million people in the United States were "food insecure" last year. That means their households, at some time during the year, had difficulty providing enough food for all members because of a lack of resources. Almost fifteen percent of all households were in that situation. And the Agriculture Department says the numbers may be even higher this year. And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms. I'm Steve Ember.

发展报告英文自我评价

发展报告英文自我评价Development Report - Self-evaluationStrengths:One of my key strengths is my ability to adapt to new environments and learn quickly. I believe in the importance of ongoing growth and development, and I actively seek out opportunities to expand my knowledge and skills. This strength has allowed me to take on new projects and challenges with confidence and enthusiasm, ultimately contributing to my personal and professional growth.Weaknesses:Steps for further development:Building on my strengths and addressing my weaknesses, there are several steps I plan to take to continue my personal and professional development. Firstly, I aim to expand my knowledge and skills in the area of effective leadership. I believe that strong leadership is essential in driving positive change and motivating teams. I plan to attend leadership development programs and seek guidance from experienced leaders within my organization.Additionally, I will actively seek out opportunities for professional growth within my industry. This will involve attending conferences, workshops, and networking events toexpand my professional network and stay abreast of current trends and best practices. I will also seek mentorship opportunities to learn from experienced professionals and gain valuable insights from their experiences.。

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - A Gift of Clear Vision in Developing Countries

DEVELOPMENT REPORT - A Gift of Clear Vision in Developing Countries
By Jill Moss / Broadcast date: Monday, July 21, 2008 Source: /voanews/specialenglish/ This is the VOA Special English Development Report. Millions of people need eyeglasses to see clearly but lack the resources to get them. A group called Give the Gift of Sight provides free eye care and glasses in developing countries. This nonprofit organization is based in the United States. The executive director, Greg Hare, says clear vision is a basic human right. Give the Give of Sight has helped poor communities in Central and South America, Africa, Eastern Europe and Asia. This year, the group is planning to visit thirteen countries. These include Thailand, Mexico, Cambodia, Romania and Guatemala. About twenty thousand people are expected at each clinic. Eye-care professionals hold clinics for two weeks. Patients receive an eye exam and a used pair of glasses, if needed. Give the Gift of Sight held its first clinic in nineteen ninety-one in Costa Rica. More than eight thousand people came. Since then, the group has helped two and a half million people in thirty-two developing nations. Give the Gift of Sight uses volunteers. It works with Lions Clubs International and other groups in each country. These partner agencies help collect and restore used eyewear. They also identify where clinics will be held and prepare for them. The group depends on local Lions Clubs to identify people in need and to transport them to the clinics. Italy's Luxottica Group, a leader in prescription eyewear, launched Give the Gift of Sight twenty years ago. The company collects used eyewear donated at its stores worldwide. Volunteers clean and sort the glasses. Greg

2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题(含听力)(原卷版)

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11 How did Jack go to school when he was a child?
A.By bike.B.On foot.C.By bus.
12.What is Jack's attitude toward parents driving their kids to school?
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes hat can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
B.They can be used in cooking.
C.They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16.What is difficult for Marie to grow?
A.Herbs.B.Carrots.C.Pears.
17.What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening?
Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm
Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm
Coyote Ridge Trailhead
21.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?

213544618_PROMOTING_CHINA-ASEAN_GREEN_TRANSFORMATI

52OPINIONBy Tian Yuan, Huang JiangqinPROMOTING CHINA-ASEAN GREEN TRANSFORMATION THROUGH BRIExclusive interview with Erik Solheim, former under-secretary-general of the United Nations and former executive director of the UN Environment Programmen April 16, Erik Solheim, former under-secretary-general of the United Nations, former executive director of the UN Environment Programme,and former minister ofenvironment and international development of Norway, visited the International Finance Forum (IFF) Secretariat in Guangzhou, south China’s Guangdong Province, alongside Hege Araldsen, consul general of Norway in Guangzhou. They visited the IFF Permanent Conference Site under construction, the Nansha Pearl Bay Development and Exhibition Center, and the Yuexiu International Financial Center, and made detailed inquiries about the construction of aninternational financial hub in Nansha designated to serve the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). Solheim also helddiscussions with Song Min, member of the IFF Executive Committee, executivedirector of the IFF Academic Committee, and president of the IFF Institute, and Lyu Xue, member of the IFF Academic Committee and former chief climate change expert for the Asian Development Bank, on topics such as further exploring cooperation on sustainableOErik Solheimdevelopment, jointlypromoting global ecological and environmental governance, and actively promotingcooperation on world peace and development.Solheim is also co-chair of the “IFF Global Green Finance Award.” After the visit, he sat down for an exclusive interview with China Report ASEAN on the current status and future prospects of green financial cooperation between the GBA and ASEAN countries. China Report ASEAN: Mr. Solheim, you once said, “To truly solve the world’s environmental problems, we face two main challenges. One is the need to make the green transition fair.” Due to different national conditions, ASEAN member states may face diverse challenges in green transformation. What are your views on maximizing the fairness of the process?Solheim: The green transition is immensely beneficial for all the world’s nations. It will create many new jobs and lift millions out of poverty while taking much better care of Mother Earth and our health. Still, some regions and individuals may feel left out. Heavily industrialized provinces and old people who find it challenging to retrain for new opportunities must be helped. Governments should put in place regionaldevelopment programs for old style industrial areas or left-behind agricultural districts. Individuals should be offered new opportunities to reskill for a better life in the green economy.China Report ASEAN: You mentioned that “China can share the best environmental protection measures and technology with the worldthrough the medium of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).” What kind of measures and technologies could China share with other BRI countries? Could you give us some examples?Solheim: China is now the undisputed world leader in every green technology. Last year, 82 percent of all solar panels and 70 percent of all electric batteries were produced in one country alone, China. Seventy percent of all green high-speed trains run onChinese tracks, and 98 percent of all electric buses on ChineseLast year, 82 percent of all solar panels and 70 percent of all electric batteries were produced in one country alone, China.82%70%electric batteriessolar panelsThe green transition is immensely beneficial for all the world’s nations. It will create many new jobs and lift millions out of poverty while taking much better care of Mother Earth and our health.53 OPINIONroads. Chinese companies can play a key role by investing even more in the green future of Belt and Road countries. We have already seen China building the Laos-Yunnan Railway, a new metro in Hanoi, a railway from Bandung to Jakarta, and a lot more. The Belt and Road Green Development Coalition, which I co-lead, can help spread knowledge and expertise from China to the world.Furthermore, many probably do not yet realize that China is now also a green leader in the protection of nature. It’s by far the biggest tree planting nation in the world. Giant pandasand snow leopards have been removed from the red lists of threatened species thanks to good conservation programsin Sichuan and western China. Kubuqi in Inner Mongoliais a global best practice for green restoration of deserts. Zhejiang leads the world in rural restoration of rivers, and Shenzhen is neck-and-neck with Singapore in many ways. It may be the world’s greenest city with wetland and greencorridors throughout.China Report ASEAN: Howcan ASEAN member stateslike Indonesia achieve win-win development throughsustainable cooperation withthe GBA?Solheim: I should mentionthe Royal Golden Eagle (RGE),an Indonesian companysupplying massive amountsof paper, tissues, palm oil, andviscose to the Chinese market.They run the world’s largestpaper mill in Guangdong. Inthe past, the RGE was part ofthe problem. They were usingthe beautiful Indonesianrainforest for their products inan unsustainable manner. Now,the RGE has zero deforestationin its value chain. It isprotecting a huge rainforest inSumatra and working hard toensure that all products madefrom Indonesian raw materialsfor the Chinese market aregreen. This has become aremarkable practical exampleof the bridges between ASEANand the GBA.China Report ASEAN: Whatrole do you think the GBAcould play in green financialcooperation between China andASEAN? How can the uniqueadvantages of the GBA beleveraged?Solheim: The GBA is themost dynamic business regionin the world. It’s one of thebiggest economies anywhere.It hosts unique knowledgeand resources. It’s home toremarkable companies likeHuawei, Tencent, BYD, andDJI, just to mention a few.Companies from the GBA willplay a key role in investing inIndonesia, the Philippines, andthe rest of ASEAN. Culture andshared languages have alsonurtured deep partnershipsbetween the peoples ofsouthern China and ASEAN.ASEAN nations offer humanand natural resources. Trade,tourism, partnerships betweenuniversities, and a lot morewill make this GBA-ASEANcombination one of the mosthopeful and prosperous partsof the world in the 21st Century.China Report ASEAN: Whatrole could dialogue platformssuch as the IFF play in greenfinance cooperation? What isyour advice specifically?Solheim: The IFF is verywell placed to serve as anintellectual powerhouse forgreen finance in the region.It offers unique access tothousands of thinkers fromthe region and the rest of theworld. Its new wonderfulfacilities in Nansha, right in themiddle of the GBA, will attractpeople to exchange ideas,business practices, knowledgeof financial opportunities, anda lot more. Its award programwill inspire businesses to diveinto even braver green efforts.This platform will be critical tothe future green developmentof Southeast Asia and beyond.Technicians checkinstalled solar panelsat the Sirindhorn Damhydro-solar farm, aChina-Thailand jointventure project, inUbon Ratchathani,Thailand, on April 8,2021. (IC PHOTO)。

关于中国快餐发展行业的英文作文

关于中国快餐发展行业的英文作文The Development of Fast Food Industry in ChinaFast food has become an integral part of modern life, providing convenient and quick meals for people on the go. In China, the fast food industry has experienced exponential growth in recent years, with a wide variety of international and domestic fast food chains establishing a strong presence in the market. This article aims to examine the development of the fast food industry in China, including its history, current status, and future prospects.Historical DevelopmentThe history of fast food in China can be traced back to the late 1980s when the first Western fast food chain, KFC, entered the Chinese market. Its arrival marked the beginning of a new era for the country's dining habits, as the concept of fast food, characterized by its quick service andaffordable prices, quickly gained popularity among Chinese consumers. In the 1990s, McDonald's, Pizza Hut, and other international fast food brands followed suit and expanded their presence in China.From the late 1990s to the early 2000s, the domestic fast food industry began to flourish, with homegrown chains such as Dicos, Real Kungfu, and Yonghe King emerging as strong competitors to their international counterparts. These domestic companies incorporated traditional Chinese flavors into their menus, catering to the local palate while also offering a wider range of options for Chinese consumers.Current StatusToday, the fast food industry in China is a behemoth, with a wide range of international and domestic chains competing for a share of the market. According to a report by Euromonitor International, the total sales of fast food inChina reached RMB 953.8 billion in 2020, demonstrating the industry's significant growth potential.Among the international players, KFC and McDonald's continue to dominate the market, with an extensive network of outlets in major cities and smaller towns across the country. Both chains have adapted their menus to suit local tastes, offering items such as spicy chicken wings and rice-based meals to cater to Chinese preferences.On the domestic front, companies like Dicos and Real Kungfu have also made substantial strides, leveraging their deep understanding of Chinese culinary traditions to create unique offerings that resonate with local consumers. These homegrown chains have successfully positioned themselves as viable alternatives to international brands, appealing to a wide range of consumers across different demographics.In recent years, the fast food landscape in China has also been shaped by the rise of online delivery platforms,which have revolutionized the way people access and consume fast food. Companies such as Meituan and Ele.me have capitalized on the growing demand for convenience and have made it easier than ever for consumers to order theirfavorite fast food items from the comfort of their homes.Future ProspectsLooking ahead, the outlook for the fast food industry in China appears promising, driven by several key factors. the country's urbanization and rising disposable incomes have expanded the consumer base for fast food, with an increasing number of people seeking quick and affordable dining options. changing lifestyles and work patterns, especially among the younger generation, have further fueled the demand for convenient meal solutions, making fast food an attractive choice for many.the ongoing globalization of food culture has introduced a diverse array of culinary influences to China, inspiringfast food chains to innovate and introduce new flavors and concepts to the market. As a result, the future of the industry is likely to see a greater emphasis on menu innovation and localization, with companies continuously adapting to evolving consumer preferences and tastes.Furthermore, the integration of technology and digitalization is expected to play a significant role in shaping the future of the fast food industry in China. The growing popularity of online delivery platforms and the emergence of new technologies such as automated ordering systems and digital payment solutions are set to transform the way fast food is consumed and accessed, providing greater convenience and choice for consumers.In conclusion, the fast food industry in China has undergone remarkable growth and transformation, driven by economic development, changing consumer preferences, and technological advancements. With both international anddomestic chains vying for a slice of the market, the industry is set to continue evolving, offering an increasingly diverse and dynamic dining experience for Chinese consumers. As the industry continues to adapt and innovate, it is poised to play a pivotal role in shaping the country's culinary landscape for years to come.。

电子竞技可以促进国家的发展吗英文作文

电子竞技可以促进国家的发展吗英文作文Can esports promote national development?With the rapid growth of technology and the increasing popularity of video games, the rise of esports has become a global phenomenon. Esports refer to competitive video gaming, which involves professional players and teams competing against each other in various game genres. While some may argue that esportsis just a form of entertainment and does not have any significant impact on national development, I strongly believe that esports can indeed promote a country's overall progress in various aspects.Firstly, the esports industry has proven to be a great contributor to a country's economy. Esports tournaments attract a massive number of viewers and fans, both online and offline. Companies from various industries, such as technology, electronics, and even food and beverage, are keen to sponsor these tournaments to gain exposure and reach a large audience. In turn, this boosts the economy with increased job opportunities, as the esports industry requires professionals in areas such as event management, marketing, graphic design, and production. Additionally, the esports market is continuously growing, with revenues surpassing billions of dollars per year. This growth not only benefits the gaming companies but also contributes to the overall economic development of a country.Secondly, esports can enhance a country's technological advancements. In order to support the competitive nature of esports, gaming technology is constantly evolving. This drives the research and development of better hardware, software, and networkinginfrastructure, which extends beyond gaming and can be applied to various industries. For example, the demand for high-performance computers and the development of efficient networking systems have led to improvements in computer engineering and communication technology. Furthermore, esports also pushes technological boundaries by promoting virtual reality and augmented reality technologies, which have the potential to significantly impact sectors such as education, healthcare, and tourism. Therefore, the investment and involvement in esports can drive innovation and the development of advanced technologies, thus contributing to the overall progress of a nation.Moreover, esports can have a positive influence on education. Many educational institutions have recognized the potential benefits of esports and have started incorporating it into their curriculum. Some universities now offer programs and courses in esports management, game design, and even esports scholarships. By integrating esports into education, students can develop skills such as teamwork, problem-solving, strategic thinking, and communication, which are all valuable in many professional fields. Furthermore, esports can also encourage students to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. The competitive and immersive nature of esports can cultivate an interest in these subjects and inspire young minds to explore the possibilities of technology further, thus promoting human capital development and improving a nation's competitiveness in the global market.Lastly, esports can have a positive impact on social development and cultural exchange. Esports transcends geographical boundariesand has a global reach. Through various international tournaments and events, players and fans from different countries come together to compete, bond, and learn from each other. This interaction promotes cultural exchange and facilitates understanding between different cultures, fostering peace and diplomacy. Additionally, esports can serve as a platform to raise awareness and address social issues. Several esports organizations have been actively involved in various charitable activities and campaigns, leveraging their large fan base to make a positive social impact. By promoting social responsibility and inclusivity, esports can contribute to a healthy and vibrant society.In conclusion, esports has a significant potential to promote national development. Through its impact on the economy, technology, education, and society, esports can drive a country's progress and enhance its global standing. It is important for governments and institutions to recognize and support the esports industry, not only for its entertainment value but also for the numerous benefits it brings to a nation.Certainly! Here are some additional points to further elaborate on the potential benefits of esports in promoting national development:1. Tourism and Destination Development: Esports tournaments often attract participants and spectators from around the world, creating opportunities for countries to showcase their culture and tourism attractions. Host cities can leverage esports events to promote their destinations, leading to increased tourism and economic benefits. Additionally, these events can encourage the development of esports-themed tourism experiences, such as esports arenas, gaming cafes, and gaming-themed attractions,which can attract a niche group of tourists and boost the local economy.2. Job Creation and Skills Development: The esports industry creates a wide range of job opportunities beyond professional players. Roles such as event organizers, shoutcasters, coaches, analysts, and content creators are in high demand. By nurturing talent and providing training programs in these areas, countries can develop a workforce with specialized skills that meet the needs of the growing esports industry. Moreover, the focus on esports can also inspire young people to pursue careers in technology, art, game design, and other related fields, fostering human capital development and innovation.3. Health and Well-being: While there are debates surrounding the physical health effects of prolonged gaming, esports can still promote a healthier lifestyle in several ways. Many professional esports teams have dedicated sports trainers and nutritionists to ensure their players are physically fit. This emphasis on health and well-being can extend to the general population, with initiatives promoting exercise, healthy eating, and mental well-being implemented alongside esports programs. Moreover, esports can also serve as a platform for raising awareness about the negative effects of excessive gaming and promoting responsible gaming habits.4. Social Integration and Inclusivity: Esports provides a platform for social interaction and community building. Local esports clubs and organizations can bring together individuals who share a passion for gaming, creating a sense of belonging and fosteringinclusion. Esports can also bridge the generational gap, with families and different age groups coming together to enjoy and participate in gaming events. By promoting an inclusive esports culture, countries can encourage diversity, equality, and unity among their citizens.5. Digital Infrastructure Development: Esports relies heavily on strong and reliable internet connectivity and infrastructure. To support the growth of the esports industry, countries need to invest in improving their digital infrastructure, including high-speed internet access and robust network capabilities. This infrastructure upgrade not only benefits the esports industry but also has a positive spillover effect on other sectors such as e-commerce, telecommunication, and remote working. By prioritizing the advancement of digital infrastructure, countries can position themselves as technology leaders in the global arena.6. Regional Development and Urbanization: Esports can play a role in regional development by stimulating investment and economic growth in less developed areas. Hosting esports events in smaller cities or regions can drive infrastructure development, attract businesses, and generate employment opportunities in those areas. Furthermore, the development of esports-focused facilities and venues can revitalize urban areas and contribute to urbanization efforts. This can help reduce the concentration of resources and opportunities in major cities, leading to a more balanced regional development.In conclusion, esports has the potential to promote various aspects of national development, including the economy, education,technology, tourism, and social integration. By recognizing the benefits of the esports industry and providing the necessary support, countries can harness its potential to drive progress and enhance their standing in the global arena. It is essential for governments, educational institutions, private companies, and communities to collaborate and invest in the growth of esports to maximize its positive impact on national development.。

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DEVELOPMENT REPORT – 'Motomen' Bring Cambodian Villages into E-Mail World
By Jill Moss
Broadcast: February 9, 2004
This is Robert Cohen with the VOA Special English Development Report.
Thirteen villages in northern Cambodia now have e-mail through a project that organizers hope other countries will copy. A group called American Assistance for Cambodia organized the project. It says the idea could serve as a way to help reduce economic differences between rich and poor nations.
A group of schools and a medical center in Ratanakiri Province have been equipped with solar panels. These devices capture energy from the sun to power computers in the schools. Students use electronic mail to write messages to villages nearby. The messages are sent over the Internet, but with the help of what are called “motomen.”
Every day, five people ride motorcycles into the villages to collect outgoing messages and bring incoming mail. The motorcycles are equipped with a computer to store the data. At the end of the day, each “motoman”returns to a computer center in the local capital, Ban Lung. The information is sent from there by satellite to the Internet.
All this work is not just so students can write to nearby villages. Currently, a person in Ratanakiri Province earns about forty dollars a year. Organizers say they hope the project will help farmers and villagers sell their products on the world market over the Internet.
In addition, the computers serve as a learning tool for hundreds of students. Local citizens can use the computers to communicate with the government. And newspapers can send their stories electronically to the villages.
Local health care workers also use the computers. They communicate with doctors in other parts of Cambodia and in the United States. This means they are able to send medical pictures and discuss possible treatments for patients.
A company in the United States developed the technology for the “motoman”
project. The company is called First Mile Solutions. Organizers say a team of thee
people put the project into action in one month. The technology cost about five-
hundred dollars per village.
You can learn more about the project on the company Web site. The address is . The postal address is First Mile Solutions, four-three-two Columbia Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, zero-two-one-four-one, U-S-A.
This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss. This is Robert Cohen.
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