1979 年国际海上搜寻与救助公约(英文版)( 1979 年发布)
技能认证船舶管理知识考试(习题卷3)
技能认证船舶管理知识考试(习题卷3)第1部分：单项选择题，共91题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。
1.[单选题]装运冷藏货物的船舶，如果冷藏设备通过检验并取得合格证书，（ ）。
A)是证明货舱适货的初步证据B)是证明货舱适货的最终证据C)是证明货舱适货的绝对证据D)并不能用来证明货舱适货答案:A解析:2.[单选题]按《73／78》防污公约的规定，初次检验合格后，发给____证书，证书有效期为____年。
A)油类记录簿，5B)油类记录簿，4C)国际防止油污证书，5D)国际防止油污证书，4答案:C解析:3.[单选题]各类应急演习尽管有一定的时间间隔规定，但船长还是需要对在什么时间、什么地点、进行哪种应急演习予以适当的安排，需要考虑的因素中不包括（ ）。
A)船东、租家及货方可能的反对意见B)演习对人员、船舶、设备、环境的安全性C)港内演习或在某些敏感区域举行演习须事先经有关主管当局的批准D)在某种特定情况下是否需要对某种应急情况增加演习次数答案:A解析:4.[单选题]保赔保险的承保范围通常包括（ ）。
Ⅰ．会员船上的船员人身伤亡、疾病；Ⅱ．会员船上的船员因病因伤遣返费；Ⅲ．1/4船舶碰撞责任；Ⅳ．被碰船舶上的人员伤亡。
A)Ⅱ～ⅣB)Ⅰ，Ⅲ，ⅣC)Ⅰ～ⅣD)Ⅰ～Ⅲ答案:C解析:5.[单选题]船舶遭遇海难或遇险，需要援救（助）或需要提醒周围过往船只特别注意时，船长应酌情发送（ ）报。
并可电告海上搜救指挥中心或有关当局。
Ⅰ．遇险；Ⅱ．紧急；Ⅲ．安全；Ⅳ．警告。
A)Ⅰ～ⅣB)Ⅰ，Ⅲ，ⅣC)Ⅰ～ⅢD)Ⅱ～Ⅳ答案:CA)排油隔膜阀通气开启与排水隔膜阀通气开启B)排水隔膜阀通气关闭与排水隔膜阀通气关闭C)排水隔膜阀断气关闭与排水隔膜阀通气开启D)排油隔膜阀通气开启与排水隔膜阀通气关闭答案:D解析:7.[单选题]船长应对救上本船的遇险人员给予很好的生活照顾，并在（ ）将遇险人员交给有关部门、机构。
Ⅰ．有关主管机关指示的地点；Ⅱ．本船原定挂靠的港口；Ⅲ．遇险人员指定的地点；Ⅳ．遇险船船长指定的地点。
范耀天：国际海事公约动态
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3、联合国海洋法公约
1973年 12月，第三次海洋法会议在纽约开幕，该次会议历时 9年，终于 于 1982 年在牙买加会议上通过了《联合国海洋法公约》。于 1994 年 11 月 16日正式生效。我国于1996年5月15日批准《公约》。交存批准书后第30 天起对我国生效。
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1966年国际载重线公约 （LL 1966）
1978年船员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约 STCW 1978
1971年特种业务客船协定 （STP 1971） A
1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约 （SAR1979）
海上安全
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4.1 涉及海上安全的国际公约
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation （SUA 1988）, and Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Fixed Platforms located on the Continental Shelf （and the 2005 Protocols）《1988年抑止有害航海安全的非法行为公约》及《制止对大 陆架固定平台安全的非法行为议定书》 Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization （ IMSOC 1976） The Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels （SFV 1977）, superseded by the The 1993 Torremolinos Protocol International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel （STCW-F 公约
中华人民共和国海事局关于颁布《中国船舶报告系统管理规定》的通知
中华人民共和国海事局关于颁布《中国船舶报告系统管理规定》的通知文章属性•【制定机关】中华人民共和国海事局•【公布日期】2001.04.13•【文号】海通航字〔2001〕215号•【施行日期】2001.06.01•【效力等级】部门规范性文件•【时效性】现行有效•【主题分类】水运正文中华人民共和国海事局关于颁布《中国船舶报告系统管理规定》的通知海通航字〔2001〕215号各有关单位：为提高搜救效率，保障海上人命、财产安全，我国投资建设了用于保证船舶安全的“中国船舶报告系统”。
该系统软、硬件的编制和安装工作已经完成，将于2001年6月1日试开通。
现将有关事项通知如下：一、为保证中国船舶报告系统的有效运行，我局制定了“中国船舶报告系统管理规定”似下简称“规定”，现予颁布，请遵照执行。
同时根据“规定”，我局起草了“中国船舶报告系统”（CHISREP）船长指南（以下简称“船长指南”），供执行“规定”时参考。
二、我局已委托上海海事局印制了“规定”和“船长指南”单行本，请各海事局及相关单位统计本地区或本单位需求数量，于5月1日前将需求数量报上海海事局。
三、各海事局要做好中国船舶报告系统开通前、后的宣传工作负责将“规定”和“船长指南”发放到相关船舶或单位；督促“规定”中的强制参加船舶加入船舶报告系统，并将船舶是否加入中国船舶报告系统作为船舶安全检查的内容之一，严格检查；同时做好鼓励非强制参加船舶参加中国船舶报告系统工作。
四、船舶所有人、经营人或船舶代理人要积极向有关船舶宣传中国船舶报告系统，敦促船舶遵守“规定”，按“船长指南”有关规定参加中国船舶报告系统。
五、各海上搜救中心、船舶报告管理中心、各用户端站和报告接收站的有关工作人员要恪尽职守，对违反“规定”造成后果的，由所在单位或上级主管部门按照有关规定处理。
上海海事局联系电话：21－65078144，65073273。
传真：21-65689469。
附件：一、中国船舶报告系统管理规定（试行）二、中国船舶报告系统（CHUSREP）船长指南附件一中国船舶报告系统管理规定（试行）第一条为保证中国船舶系统的有效运行，提高搜救行动的效率，保障海上人命、财产的安全，保护海洋环境，根据有关法律、法规制定本规定。
七 国际航空和海上搜寻救助手册
船舶应急
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1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约
IMO及本公约各缔约方，注意到若干国际公约十分重视对海上遇险 人员的施救和每一沿海国家为海岸值守及搜救服务作出适当及有效的安 排，期望通过制定适应海运中救助海上遇险人员需要的国际海上搜寻救 助规划来发展和促进这些活动，希望增进全世界的搜寻救助和参加搜寻 救助活动者之间的合作。考虑到国际海上人命安全公约在若干政府间组 织中对海上及海空安全进行协作活动的需要，IMO于1979年4月27日制 订出《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》(Intemational convention on Maritime Search and Rescue，1979一SARl979)。根据公约条款的要求， 各缔约国应保证采取一切必要的立法或其他相应的措施以全面实施公约 及其附则，该附则是本公约的组成部分，凡引用本公约同时也就是引用 该附则。该公约于1985年6月22日生效。经最新修订的SARl979于2000年 1月1日起生效。
各缔约国政府承担义务，向本组织提供其现有营救设施的资 料以及对其中内容所作的更改方案(如有时)。
适用于SOLAS公约第l章的客船，应备有在应急条件下适用于 该船舶的搜寻和救助机构合作计划。该计划应由船舶、第Ⅸ ／1条定义的公司以及搜寻和救助机构共同编写。该计划应包 括要进行定期演习的规定，以证明该计划的有效性。该计划 应依据本组织制定的指南而编制。
《国际航空和海上搜寻救助手册》共分为三卷，第一卷《组织管 理》论述了全球搜寻救助系统的理念，本国和地区的搜寻救助系统 的建立和改进，以及为提供经济高效的搜寻救助服务而同邻国的合 作。第二卷《任务协调》旨在帮助有关人员制定规划和协调搜寻救 助行动与演习。第三卷《移动设施》将配备在搜寻救助单元、航空 器和船舶上，以帮助其履行搜寻、救助或现场协调人的职能，以及 自身遇险时进行的搜寻救助行动。
solas公约中英文对照版本
solas公约中英文对照版本
【最新版】
目录
1.SOLAS 公约简介
2.SOLAS 公约的主要内容
3.SOLAS 公约的中英文对照版本概述
4.SOLAS 公约中英文对照版本的具体内容
5.SOLAS 公约中英文对照版本的重要性
正文
SOLAS 公约，全称为“国际海上人命安全公约”，是国际海事组织（IMO）制定的一项重要国际公约，旨在保障海上人命安全，防止海上事故的发生。
自 1974 年通过以来，SOLAS 公约已经成为国际海事领域的权威法规，得到了全球大多数国家的认可和遵守。
SOLAS 公约主要包括以下内容：船舶构造、设备和维修；船员资格和训练；船舶安全管理；海上航行和气象服务；搜救和事故调查等。
这些内容涵盖了海上人命安全的方方面面，为保障海上航行的安全提供了一套完整的制度体系。
SOLAS 公约的中英文对照版本是为了方便我国船员和相关从业人员
更好地理解和遵守公约内容而制定的。
中英文对照版本将公约的全部条款进行了中文和英文的对照翻译，使得船员和相关人员能够更加准确地理解公约的精神和要求。
SOLAS 公约中英文对照版本的具体内容包括：船舶安全管理条款、船员培训和资格认证条款、船舶设备和维修条款、海上航行和气象服务条款等。
这些条款的对照翻译，对于提高我国船员的国际竞争力，保障我国海上运输的安全，具有重要的意义。
SOLAS 公约中英文对照版本的重要性不言而喻。
《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》
《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》1998年修正案第MSC.70(69)号决议(1998年5月18日通过)第1章术语和定义1.1本附则中使用“须”字时,表明为海上人命安全起见,要求所有当事国一致应用的规定。
1.2本附则中使用“应”字时,表明为海上人命安全起见,建议所有当事国一致应用的规定。
1.3本附则中所使用的下列名词术语,其含义如下:·1搜寻——通常由救助协调中心或救助分中心协调的、利用现有的人员和设施以确定遇险人员位置的行动;·2救助——拯救遇险人员、为其提供初步的医疗或其他所需要的服务,并将其转移到安全地点的行动;·3搜救服务——使用公共和私有资源,包括协作的航空器、船舶和其它航行器和装置,履行遇险监测、通信、协调和搜寻救助的职责,包括提供医疗咨询、初步的医疗援助或医疗移送;·4搜救区域——与某一个救助协调中心相关联的、并在其中提供搜救服务的划定明确范围的区域;·5救助协调中心——负责促进某一搜救区域内搜救服务的有效组织并协调搜救行动的单位;·6救助分中心——按照负责当局的特别规定为辅助救助协调中心而设立的隶属于该中心的单位;·7搜救设施——任何可用于搜救行动的移动资源,包括指定的搜救单位;·8搜救单位——由受过培训的人员组成并配有适合于迅速执行搜救行动的设备的单位;·9报警点——作为报告紧急情况的人员与救助中心或救助分中心之间中介的任何设施。
·10紧急阶段——根据具体情况系指不明阶段、告警阶段或遇险阶段的通称;·11不明阶段——对人员、船舶或其它航行器的安全情况尚不明确的阶段;·12告警阶段——对人员、船舶或其它航行器的安全情况感到忧虑的阶段;·13遇险阶段——有理由相信人员、船舶或其它航行器处于严重和紧迫危险情况而需要立即援助的阶段;·14现场协调人——被指定在某个特定区域内协调搜救行动的人员;·15秘书长——指国际海事组织秘书长。
国际救助公约
国际救助公约INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON SALV AGETHE STATES PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION，RECOGINIZING the desirability of determining by agreement uniform international rules regarding salvage operations,NOTING that substantial developments, in particular the increased concern for the protection of the environment, have demonstrated the need to review the international rules presently contained in the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Assistance and Salvage at Sea Done at Brussels, 23 September 1910,CONSCIOUS of the major contribution which efficient and timely salvage operation can make to the safety of vessels and other property in danger and to the protection of the environment,CONVINCED of the need to ensure that adequate incentives are available to persons who undertake salvage operations in respect of vessels and other property in danger,HA VE AGREED as follows:Chapter I General provisionsArticle 1. Definitions(a) Salvage operation means any act or activity undertaken to assist a vessel or any other property in danger in navigable waters or in any other waters whatsoever.(b) Vessel mans any ship or craft, or any structure capable of navigation.(c) Property means any property not permanently and intentionally attached to the shoreline and includes freight at risk.(d) Damage to Environment means substantial physical damage to human health or to marine life or resources in coastal or inland waters or areas adjacent thereto, caused by pollution, contamination, fire, explosion or similar major incidents.(e) Payment means any reward remuneration or compensation due under this Convention.(f) Organization means the International Maritime Organization.(g) Secretary General means the Secretary General of the Organization.Article 2. Application of the ConventionThis Convention shall apply whenever judicial or arbitral proceedings relating to matters dealt with in this Convention are brought in a State Party.Article 3.Platforms and drilling unitsThis Convention shall not apply to fixed or floating platforms or to mobile offshore drilling units when such platforms or units are on location engaged in the exploration, exploitation or production of sea bed mineral resources.Article 4.State owned vessels1. Without prejudice to Article 5, this Convention shall not apply to warships or other non commercial vessels owned or operated by a State and entitled, at the time of salvage operations, to sovereign immunity under generally recognized principles of international law unless that Statedecides otherwise.2. Where a State Party decides to apply the Convention to its warships or other vessels described in paragraph 1, it shall notify the Secretary General thereof specifying the terms and conditions of such application.Article 5. Salvage operations controlled by public authorities1. This Convention shall not affect any provisions of national law or any international convention relating to salvage operations by or under the control of public authorities.2. Nevertheless, salvors carrying out such salvage operations shall be entitled to avail themselves of the rights and remedies provided for in this Convention in respect of salvage operations.3. The extent to which a public authority under a duty to perform salvage operations may avail itself of the rights and remedies provided for in this Convention shall be determined by the law of the State where such authority is situated.Article 6. Salvage contracts1. This Convention shall apply to any salvage operations save to the extent that a contract otherwise provides expressly or by implication.2. The master shall have the authority to conclude contracts for salvage operations on behalf of the owner of the vessel. The master or the owner of the vessel shall have the authority to conclude such contracts on behalf of the owner of the property on board the vessel.3. Nothing in this article shall affect the application of Article 7 nor duties to prevent or minimize damage to the environment.Article 7.Annulment and modification of contractsA Contract or any terms thereof may be annulled or modified if: (a) the contract has been entered into under undue influence or the influence of damager and its terms are inequitable; or (b) the payment under the contract is in an excessive degree too large or too small for the services actually rendered.Chapter II Performance of salvage operationsArticle 8. Duties of the salvor and of the owner and master1. The salvor shall owe a duty to the owner of the vessel or other property in danger: (a) to carry out the salvage operations with due care; (b) in performing the duty specified in subparagraph (a), to exercise due car to prevent or minimize damage to the environment; (c) whenever circumstancesreasonably require, to seek assistance from other salvors; and (d)to accept the intervention of other salvors when reasonably requested to do so by the owner or master of the vessel or other property in danger, provided however that the amount of his reward shall not be prejudiced should it be found that such a request was unreasonable.2. The owner and master of the vessel or the owner of other property in danger shall owe a duty to the salvor: (a) to co-operate fully with him during the course of the salvage operations; (b) in so doing, to exercise due care to prevent or minimize damage to the environment; and (c) when the vessel or other property has been brought to a place of safety, to accept redelivery when reasonably requested by the salvor to do so.Article 9. Rights of coastal StatesNothing in this Convention shall affect the right of the coastal State concerned to takemeasures in accordance with generally recognized principles of international law to protect its coastline or related interests from pollution or the threat of pollution following upon a maritime casualty or acts relating to such a casualty which may reasonably be expected to result in major harmful consequences, including the right of a coastal State to give directions in relation to salvage operations.Article 10. Duty to render assistance1. Every master is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his vessel and person thereon, to render assistance to any person in danger of being lost at sea.2. The State Parties shall adopt the measures necessary to enforce the duty set out paragraph 1.3. The owner of the vessel shall incur no liability for a breach of the duty of the master under paragraph 1.Articles 11. Co-operationA State Party shall, whenever regulating or deciding upon matters relating to salvage operations such as admittance to ports of vessels in distress or the provision of facilities to salvors, take into account the need for co-operation between salvors, other interested parties and public authorities in order to ensure the efficient and successful performance of salvage operations for the purpose of saving life or property in danger as well as preventing damage to the environment in general.Chapter III Rights of salvorsArticle 12. Conditions for reward1. Salvage operations which have had a useful result give right to a reward.2. Except as otherwise provided, no payment is due under this Convention if the salvage operations have had no useful result.3. This chapter shall apply, notwithstanding that the salved vessel and the vessel undertaking the salvage operations belong to the same owner.Article 13. Criteria for fixing the reward1. The reward shall be fixed with a view to encouraging salvage operations, taking into account the following criteria without regard to the order in which they are presented below; (a) the salved value of the vessel and other property; (b) the skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimizing damage to the environment; (c) the measure of success obtained by the salvor; (d) the nature and degree of the danger; (e) the skill and efforts of the salvors in salbing the vessel, other property and life; (f) the time used and expenses and expenses and losses incurred by the salvors; (g) the risk of liability and other risks run by the salvors or their equipment; (h) the promptness of the services rendered; (i) the availability and use of vessels or other equipment intended for salvage operations; (j) the state or rediness and efficiency of the salvor’s equipment and the value thereof.2. Payment of a reward fixed according to paragraph 1 shall be made by all of the vessel and other property interests in proportion to their respective salved values. However, a State Party may in its national law provide that the payment of a reward has to e made by one of these interests, subject to a right of recourse of this interest against the other interests for their respective shares, Nothing in this article shall prevent any right of defense.3. The rewards, exclusive of any interest and recoverable legal costs that may be payable thereon, shall not exceed the salved value of the vessel and other property.Article 14. Special compensation1. If the salvor has carried out salvage operations in respect of a vessel of a vessel which by itself or its cargo threatened damage to the environment and has failed to earn a reward under Article 13 at least equivalent to the special compensation assessable in accordance with this article, he shall be entitled to special compensation from the owner of that vessel equivalent to his expenses as herein defined.2. If, in the circumstances set out in paragraph 1, the salvor by his salvage operations has prevented or minimized damage to the environment, the special compensation payable by the owner to the salvor. However, the tribunal, if it deems it fair and just to do so and bearing in mind the relevant criteria set out in Article 13, paragraph 1, may increase such special compensation further, but in no event shall the total increase be more than 100% of the expenses incurred by the salvor.3. Salvo r’s expenses for the purpose of paragraphs 1 and 2 means the out of pocket expenses reasonabley incurred by the salbor in the salvage operation and a fair rate for equipment and personnel actually and reasonably used in the salvage operation, taking into consideration the criteria set out in Article 13, paragraph 1 (h), (i) and (j).4. The total special compensation under this article shall be paid only if and to the extent that such compensation is greater than any reward recoverable by the salvor under Article 13.5. If the salvor has been negligent and has thereby failed to prevent or minimize damage to the environment, he may be deprived of the whole or part of any special compensation due under this article.6. Nothing in this article shall affect any right of recourse on the part of the owner of the owner of the vessel.Article 15. Apportionment between salvors1. The apportionment of a reward under Article 13 between salvors shall be made on the basis of the criteria contained in that article.2. The apportionment between the owner, master and other persons in the service of each salving vessel shall be determined by the law of the flag of that vessel. If the salvage has not been carried out from a vessel, the apportionment shall be determined by the law governing the contract between the salvor and his servants.Article 16. Salvage of persons1. No remuneration is due from persons whose lives are saved, but nothing in this article shall affect the provisions of national law on this subject.2. A salvor of human life, who has taken part in the services rendered on the occasion of the accident giving rise to salvage, is entitled to a fair share of the payment awarded to the salvor for salving the vessel or other property or preventing or minimizing damage to the environment.Article 17. Services rendered under existing contractsNo payment is due under the provisions of this Convention unless the services rendered exceed what can be reasonably considered as due performance of a contract entered into before the danger arose.Article 18. The effect of salvor’s misconductA salvor may be deprived of the whole or part of the payment due under this Convention tothe extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.Article 19. prohibition of salvage operationsServices rendered notwithstanding the express and reasonable prohibition of the owner or master of the vessel or the owner of any other property in danger which is not and has not been on board the vessel shall not give rise to payment under this Convention.Chapter IV Claims and actionsArticle 20. Maritime lien1. Nothing in this Convention shall affect the salvor’s mariti me lien under any international convention or national law.2. The salvor may not enforce his maritime lien when satisfactory security for his claim, including interest and costs, has been duly tendered or provided.Article 21. Duty to provide security1. Upon the request of the salvor a person liable for a payment due under this Convention shall provided satisfactory security for the claim, including interest and costs of the salvor.2. Without prejudice to paragraph 1. the owner of the salved vessel shall sue his best endeavours to ensure that the owners of the cargo provide satisfactory security for the claims against them including interest and costs before the cargo is released.3. The salved vessel and other property shall not, without the consent of the salvor, be removed from the port or place at which they first arrive after the completion of the salvage operations until satisfactory security has been put up for the salvor’s claim against the relevant vessel or property.Article 22. Interim payment1. The tribunal having jurisdiction over the claim of the salvor may, by interim decision, order that the salvor shall be paid on account such amount as seems fair and just, and on such terms including terms as to security where appropriate, as may be fair and just according to the circumstances of the case.2. In the event of an interim payment under this article the security provided under Article 21 shall be reduced accordingly.Article 23. Limitation of actions1. Any action relating to payment under this Convention shall be time bared if judicial or arbitral proceedings have not been instituted within a period a period of two years. The limitation period commences on the day on which the salvage operations are terminated.2. The person against whom a claim is made may at any time during the running of the limitation period extend that period by a declaration to the claimant. This period may in the like manner b further extended.3. An action for indemnity by a person liable may be instituted even after the expiration of the limitation period provided for in the preceding paragraphs, if brought within the time allowed by the law of the State where proceedings are instituted.Article 24. InterestThe right of the salvor to interest on any payment due under this Convention shall be determined according to the law of the State in which the tribunal seized of the case is situated.Article 25. State owned cargoesUnless the State owner consents, no provision of this Convention shall be used as a basis for the seizure, arrest or detention by any legal process of, nor for any proceedings in rem against, non commercial cargoes owned by a State and entitled, at the time of the salvage operations, to sovereign immunity under generally recognized principles of international law.Article 26. Humanitarian cargoesNo provision of this Convention shall be used as a basis for the seizure, arrest or detention of humanitarian cargoes donated by a State, if such State has agreed to pay for salvage services rendered in respect of such humanitarian cargoes.Article 27. Publication of arbitral awardsStates Parties shall encourage, as far as possible and with the consent of the parties, the publication of arbitral awards made in salvage cases.Chapter V Final clausesArticle 28. Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession1. This Convention shall be oen for signature at the Headquarters of the Organization from 1 July 1989 to 30 June 1990 and shall thereafter remain open for accession.2. States may express their consent to be bound by this Convention by: (a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; or (b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or (c) accession.3. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary General.Article 29. Entry into force1. This Convention shall enter into force one year after the date on which 15 States have expressed their consent to be bound by it.2. For a State which expresses its consent to be bound by this Convention After the conditions for entry into force thereof have been met, such consent shall take effect one year after the date of expression of such consent.Article 30. Reservations1. Any State may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, reserve the right not to apply the provisions of this Convention: (a) when the salvage operation takes place in inland waters and all vessels involved are of inland navigation: (b) when the salvage operations take place in inland waters and no vessel is involved; (c) when all interested parties are nationals of that State; (d) when the property involved is maritime cultural property of prehistoric, archaeological or historic interest and is situated on the sea bed.2. Reservations made at the time of signature are subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.3. Any State which has made a reservation to this Convention may withdraw it at any time by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General. Such withdrawal shall take effect on the date the notification is received. If the notification states that the withdrawal of a reservation is to take effect on a date specified therein, and such date is later than the date the notification is received by the Secretary General, the withdrawal shall take effect on such later date.Article 31. Denunciation1. This Convention may be denounced by any State Party at any time after the expiry of one ear from the date on which this Convention enters into force for that State.2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of denunciation with the Secretary General.3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after the receipt of the instrument of denunciation by the Secretary General.Article 32. Revision and amendment1. A conference for the purpose for revising or amending this Convention may be convened by the Organization.2. The Secretary General shall convene a conference of the State Parties to this Convention for revising or amending the Convention, at the request of eight States Parties, or one fourth of the States Parties, whichever is the higher figure.3. Any consent to e bound by this Convention expressed after the date of entry into force of an amendment to this Convention shall be deemed to apply to Convention as amended.Article 33. Depositary1. This Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary General.2. The Secretary General shall: (a) inform all States which have signed this Convention or acceded thereto, and all Members of the Organization, of: (i) each new signature or deposit of an instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession together with the date thereof; (ii) the date of the entry into force of this Convention; (iii) the deposit of any instrument of denunciation of this Convention together with the date on which it is received and the date on which the denunciation takes effect; (iv) any amendment adopted in conformity with Article 32; (v) the receipt of any reservation, declaration or notification made under this Convention; (b) transmit certified true copies of this Convention to all States which have signed this Convention or acceded thereto.3. As soon as this Convention enters into force, a certified true copy thereof shall be transmitted by the Depositary to the Secretary General of the United Nations for registration and publication in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.Article 34. LanguagesThis Convention is established in a single original in the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally authentic.IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their respective Governments for that purpose have signed this Convention.DONE AT LONDON this twenty eighth day of April one thousand nine hundred and eighty nine.。
国际海上人命公约的救助内容
国际海上人命公约的救助内容
国际海上人命公约，也称为SOLAS公约（国际海上人命安全公约），是一项国际公约，旨在确保船舶在海上航行时的安全，并规定了海上救助的内容。
根据SOLAS公约，船舶在海上遇险时，其他船舶有责任提供救助，并且必须尽最大努力搜寻并救助处于危险中的人员。
这项公约规定了船舶和海岸站的通信设备、救生设备和训练等方面的要求，以确保在发生海上事故时能够及时有效地进行救助行动。
根据国际海上人命公约，船舶在发现其他船只发生事故或遇险时，应立即提供援助，并通知相关海上救助机构。
这种救助行为应当遵循一定的原则，包括人道主义、及时性、有效性和协调性。
船舶在进行救助行动时，应尽量避免对自身造成危险，但在确保自身安全的前提下，应尽最大努力救助遇险船只的人员。
此外，SOLAS公约还规定了船舶必须配备的救生设备和应急设备，包括救生艇、救生衣、信号设备等，以便在发生事故时能够及时进行疏散和救援。
船舶上的船员也应接受相应的培训，了解在海上遇险时应该如何应对，以提高海上救助行动的效率和成功率。
总的来说，国际海上人命公约规定了海上救助的内容，强调了海上船舶在遇险时的责任和义务，以及船舶应急设备和船员培训等方面的要求，旨在保障海上航行中人员的生命安全。
《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》与《1989年国际救助打捞公约》的关系
修订 后 《 搜救公 约 》的其 他章 节 励 ，１８ 年公约分为五章 ，共３ 条规定 ９９ ４ 涉 及 国家间 的合 作（ ３ 和工 作程 序 第 章） （ 章） 第４ ，第４ 章包括 了原公约第４ 准 章（ 定 了在 初步行 动 、紧 急阶段 、搜 寻 目
备措施 ） 和第５ 工作程 序） 章（ 的内容 ，规 塞 尔通 过 的 《 于统 一海 上救 助某 些 关 标 位置 不 明情 况下 开始 搜救 行动 和协 ３ 日交存加入文 件 ，该公约 于１ ９ 年７ ０ ９６
调搜 救行 动期 间须 遵守 的程 序 。修订 月 １ ４日生效 。 １ １ 年公约 采用 了 “ ９Ｏ 无
后 的第４ 章还规定 “ 在可行 时 ，搜救行 效 果 、无报酬 ”的原则 ，根 据 这一原 动 须继续 进行 ，直 至救 助幸 存者 的所 则 ，救 助人 仅在 救助 成功 时才 能获 得
域） ，但 未 能 挽 救 船 舶 或货 物 ，他 将 援 助 。Ｇ ＭＤＳ 还 提供 紧急 和安 全通 信 Ｓ
２ ０ 年修正 案 ０４
修正案对公约附则的修正包括 ： 在第２ （ 章 组织 和协调 ）增加新 的
关于遇 险人员定义的一段 ；
并 播发 海上 安全 信息 （ 行警 告和气 航
（ ４）发送和接收搜救协调通信 ；
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制 订 的 《 一海难 援助 和救 助某 些法 统
束力。
的通信 功能 。为此 ，参 加关 于Ｇ Ｓ ＭＤ Ｓ 无 线 电通信 １ ８ 年 Ｓ Ｌ 公约修 正案 ９ ８ Ｏ ＡＳ 的各缔 约 国政 府 ，按Ｉ ＭＯ的建 议 ，应
搜救题库
1.1979年搜救公约期望通过制定适当的国际海上搜寻救助计划来（）。
Ⅰ．协调各政府之间、各组织之间的海上搜救活动；Ⅱ．协调各政府之间、各组织之间的空中搜救活动；Ⅲ．增进全世界搜寻救助组织间的合作；Ⅳ．增进参加海上搜寻救助活动者之间的合作。
A．Ⅰ～ⅣB．Ⅰ，Ⅲ，ⅣC．Ⅱ～ⅣD．Ⅰ，Ⅱ，ⅣB2.根据1979年搜救公约，以下表述有误的是（）。
A．搜救设施是指任何可用于搜救行动的移动资源，包括指定的搜救单位B．救助单位是指由受过训练的人员组成并配有适于迅速地执行搜救工作设备的单位C．救助人员是指在搜救现场被指定负有搜救或协调责任的人员D．现场协调人是指被指定在某个特定区域内协调搜救行动的人员C3.根据1979年搜救公约，以下表述正确的是（）。
A．每一救助协调中心及救助分中心须有进行搜救活动的详细计划B．各搜救单位必须确保每天24小时均能接收来自救助协调中心的遇险报警C．任何救协单位在有理由认为船舶处于紧急状态时，须尽快将所有信息发送给其船东D．只有在确认船舶已处于告警状态后，救协单位才需要确定具体的搜救计划A4.根据1979年搜救公约，以下表述有误的是（）。
A．救协中心须确定并宣布处于紧急状态的人员、船舶处在紧急阶段中的哪个具体阶段B．从事搜救行动的单位和其他设施的搜救行动须在现场做出协调C．在有多个设施要从事搜救行动时，应尽早将最有能力的人员指定为现场协调人D．如救协中心不能对搜救任务做出协调，最先收到遇险报警的救助单位应负责协调D5.根据1979年搜救公约，以下有关停止搜救行动的表述有误的是（）。
A．搜救行动应继续，直至救助幸存者的合理希望均已破灭B．有关的负责救协中心应决定何时停止搜救行动C．如果没有救协中心对行动进行协调，则现场协调人可以做出停止搜救行动的决定D．即使有现场协调人的协调，参加搜救的单位也可随时做出停止搜救行动的决定D6.根据1979年搜救公约，以下有关终止搜救行动的表述有误的是（）。
1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约SAR
１９７９年国际海上搜寻救助公约本公约各缔约方，注意到若干国际公约十分重视对海上遇险人员的施救和每一沿海国家为海岸值守及搜救服务作出适当及有效的安排，考虑到１９６０年国际海上人命安全会议通过的第４０号建议，该建议认识到在若干政府间组织中对海上及海空安全进行协作活动的需要，期望通过制定适应海运中救助海上遇险人员需要的国际海上搜寻救助规划来发展和促进这些活动，希望增进全世界搜寻救助组织间和参加海上搜寻救助活动者之间的合作，经协议如下：第一条公约的一般义务各缔约方保证采取一切必要的立法或其它相应的措施，以全部实施本公约及其附件，该附件是本公约的组成部分。
除另有明文规定外，凡引用本公约即同时构成引用其附件。
第二条其它条约及解释一、本公约的任何规定，不得损害根据联合国大会（ＸＸＶ）第２７５０决议召开的联合国海洋法会议对海洋法的编纂和发展，也不得损害任何国家目前和今后就海洋法以及沿海国和船旗国的管辖权的性质和范围所提出的要求和法律上的意见。
二、本公约的任何条款不得解释为与其它国际文件中所规定的船舶义务或利相抵触。
第三条修正案一、本公约可按以下第二款和第三款所规定的任一程序予以修正。
二、在政府间海事协商组织（以下简称本组织）内审议后的修正：１．一缔约方提议并送交本组织秘书长（以下简称秘书长）的任何修正案秘书长因国际民用航空公约附件１２的相应条款修正的结果认为必要的任何修正案，应在本组织海上安全委员会审议以前至少六个月通知本组织所有会员及所有缔约方。
２．缔约方，不论其是否为本组织会员，均有权参加海上安全委员会的审和通过修正案的活动。
３．修正案应由出席海上安全委员会并投票的缔约方２／３多数通过，但通过时，至少应有１／３的缔约方出席。
４．按照第３项通过的修正案应由秘书长通知所有缔约方，以供接受。
５．对本公约某一条或附件第２·１·４、２·１·５、２·１．７、２１·１０、３·１·２或３·１·３款的每一项修正案，应在秘书长收到２／３缔约方的接受文件之日起视为已被接受。
中国海上搜救中心关于印发《中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序》的通知
中国海上搜救中心关于印发《中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序》的通知文章属性•【制定机关】中国海上搜救中心•【公布日期】2002.08.27•【文号】搜救字[2002]9号•【施行日期】2002.08.27•【效力等级】部门规范性文件•【时效性】现行有效•【主题分类】海事救捞正文中国海上搜救中心关于印发《中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序》的通知（搜救字[2002]9号）各海(水)上搜救中心：根据《中华人民共和国海上交通安全法》、《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》等国内、国际法律公约的要求，为规范中国海上搜救中心在水上发生重特大险情时的工作程序，进一步提高搜救反应速度和救助成功率，中国海上搜求中心组织制定了《中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序》。
现将《中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序》印发给你们，请各搜救中心参照本程序并结合其搜救责任区的具体情况，制定相应的应急反应程序，报本搜救中心备案。
二00二年八月二十七日中国海上搜救中心水上险情应急反应程序第一条为保证对水上人命安全和水域环境受到威胁的险情做出迅速反应并组织有效地救助，以避免或减少人命伤亡，制定本程序。
第二条本程序适用于中国海上搜救中心对危害水上人命安全和水域环境的险情统一组织、协调和指导的搜救活动。
在中华人民共和国搜救责任区域以外发生的险情，由中国海上搜救中心组织、协调救助或参加救助的，适用本程序。
第三条本程序下列用语的含义是：(一)险情，是指对水上人命安全、水域环境构成威胁，需立即采取措施控制、减轻和消除的各种事件。
(二)客船，是指普通客船、滚装客船、客渡船和高速客船。
(三)一般险情是指：1．水上遇险人员在30人以下的险情；2．3000总吨以下非客船的船舶发生碰撞、触礁、火灾等对船舶及人员生命安全造成威胁的险情；3．船舶溢油10吨以下；4．造成或可能造成一般危害后果的水上险情。
(四)重大险情是指：1．水上遇险人员在30人及以上，50人以下的险情；2．任何客船发生严重危及船舶及人员生命安全的险情；3．3000总吨及以上，10000总吨以下船舶发生碰撞、触礁、火灾等对船舶及人员生命安全造成威胁的险情；4．船舶溢油10吨及以上，50吨以下；5．中国籍海船或有中国籍船员的外轮失踪；6．其他造成或可能造成较大社会影响的险情。
经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》修正案
经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》修正案文章属性•【缔约国】国际海事组织•【条约领域】海上运输•【公布日期】2004.05.20•【条约类别】公约•【签订地点】正文经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》修正案（2004年5月20日以海安会第MSC.155（78）号决议通过2006年7月1日生效）第2章组织和协调2.1 关于提供和协调搜救服务的安排1 在现有第2.1.1款结尾新增以下文字：“海上遇险人员的含义还包括在海上偏远之处的岸上避难而无法获得除本附则所规定者以外的救助设施的人员。
”第3章国家间合作3.1 国家间合作2 在第3.1.6款中，删去第.2项中的“以及”字样，将第.3项中的句号换成“；以及”，并在现有第.3项之后新增第.4项如下：“.4与其他救助协调中心合作做出必要安排，以便为海上遇险人员确定最合适的下船地点。
”3 在现有第3.1.8款后新增第3.1.9款如下：“3.1.9当事国应协调合作，以确保那些向海上遇险人员提供援助而让这些人上船的船长解除责任，尽最大可能不使其更远地偏离预定航程，只要解除船长的这种责任不会进一步威胁海上人命安全。
对提供此种援助所在搜救区域负责的当事国应承担确保开展这种协调与合作的首要责任，从而受援的幸存者能从施救船舶上岸并被送往安全场所，同时考虑到事件的特殊情境和本组织制订的导则。
在这些情况下，相关当事国应在合理可行时尽快为此种下船做出安排。
”第4章操作程序4.8 搜救作业的终止和暂停4 在现有第4.8.4款后新增第4.8.5款如下：“4.8.5相关救助协调中心或救助分中心应启动为海上遇险人员确定最合适的下船地点的程序。
他们应通知所涉船舶及船舶的其他有关方面。
1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约(1979年发布)
【法规标题】 1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约（1979年发布）【发布部门】国际海事组织【发文字号】【适用区域】全国适用【发布时间】1979-04-27【生效时间】1979-04-27【关键词】海上【有效性】有效【更替信息】【注：此文档于2018年12月由一点通平台导出】1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约本公约各缔约方，注意到若干国际公约十分重视对海上遇险人员的施救和每一沿海国家为海岸值守及搜救服务作出适当及有效的安排，考虑到１９６０年国际海上人命安全会议通过的第４０号建议，该建议认识到在若干政府间组织中对海上及海空安全进行协作活动的需要，期望通过制定适应海运中救助海上遇险人员需要的国际海上搜寻救助规划来发展和促进这些活动，希望增进全世界搜寻救助组织间和参加海上搜寻救助活动者之间的合作，经协议如下：第一条 公约的一般义务各缔约方保证采取一切必要的立法或其它相应的措施，以全部实施本公约及其附件，该附件是本公约的组成部分。
除另有明文规定外，凡引用本公约即同时构成引用其附件。
第二条 其它条约及解释一、本公约的任何规定，不得损害根据联合国大会（ＸＸＶ）第２７５０号决议召开的联合国海洋法会议对海洋法的编纂和发展，也不得损害任何国家目前和今后就海洋法以及沿海国和船旗国的管辖权的性质和范围所提出的要求和法律上的意见。
二、本公约的任何条款不得解释为与其它国际文件中所规定的船舶义务或权利相抵触。
第三条 修正案一、本公约可按以下第二款和第三款所规定的任一程序予以修正。
二、在政府间海事协商组织（以下简称本组织）内审议后的修正： １．一缔约方提议并送交本组织秘书长（以下简称秘书长）的任何修正案或秘书长因国际民用航空公约附件１２的相应条款修正的结果认为必要的任何修正案，应在本组织海上安全委员会审议以前至少六个月通知本组织所有会员及所有缔约方。
２．缔约方，不论其是否为本组织会员，均有权参加海上安全委员会的审议和通过修正案的活动。
交通部公告2006年第25号--经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公
现将修正案印发，请遵照执行。
附件：
交通部公告2006年第25号－－经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》修正案生效的公告
【法规类别】海洋运输
【发文字号】交通部公告20.07.19
【实施日期】2006.07.01
【时效性】现行有效
【效力级别】部门规范性文件
交通部公告
（2006年第25号）
经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》修正案生效的公告
国际海事组织海上安全委员会第78届会议于2004年5月20日以MSC.155（78）号决议通过了经修正的《1979年国际海上搜寻和救助公约》（以下简称“搜救公约”）的修正案。
根据搜救公约第Ⅲ（2）（h）条关于修正案默认接受程序的规定，上述修正案已于2006年7月1日生效。
1979年国际海上搜寻与救助公约(英文版)
1979年国际海上搜寻与救助公约(英文版)1979年国际海上搜寻与救助公约(英文版)2006年09月20日INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE, 1979THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION,NOTING the great importance attached in several conventions to the rendering of assistance to persons in distress at sea and to the establishment by every coastal State of adequate and effective arrangements for coast watching and for search and rescue services,HAVING CONSIDERED Recommendation 40 adopted by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, which recognizes theThe Parties undertake to adopt all legislative or other appropriate measures necessary to give full effect to the Convention and its Annex, which is an integral part of the Convention. Unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to the Convention constitutes at the same time a reference to its Annex.Article IIOther treaties and interpretation1. Nothing in the Convention shall prejudice the codification and development of the law of the sea by the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea convened pursuant to resolution 2750(XXV) of the General Assembly of the United Nations nor the present or future claims and legal views of any State concerning the law of the sea andthe nature and extent of coastal and flag State jurisdiction.2. No provision of the Convention shall be construed as prejudicing obligations or rights of vessels provided for in other international instruments.Article IIIAmendments1. The Convention may be amended by either of the procedures specified in paragraphs 2 and 3 hereinafter.2. Amendment after consideration within the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Organization):(a) Any amendment proposed by a Party andtransmitted to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Secretary-General), or any amendment deemed necessary by the Secretary-General as a result of an amendment to a corresponding provision of Annex 12 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, shall be circulated to all Members of the Organization and all Parties at least six months prior to its consideration by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization.(b) Parties, whether or not Members of the Organization, shall be entitled to participate in the proceedings of the Maritime Safety Committee for the consideration and adoption of amendments.(c) Amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committeeon condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment.(d) Amendments adopted in accordance with sub-paragraph (c) shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.(e) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall be deemed to have been accepted on the date on which the Secretary-General has received an instrument of acceptance from two thirds of the Parties.(f) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 shall be deemed to have been accepted at the end of one year from the date on which it is communicated to the Partiesfor acceptance. However, if within such period of one year more than one third of the Parties notify the Secretary-General that they object to the amendment, it shall be deemed not to have been accepted.(g) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall enter into force:(i) with respect to those Parties which have accepted it, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted;(ii) with respect to those Parties which accept it after the condition mentioned in sub-paragraph (e) has been met and before the amendment enters into force, on the date of entry into force of the amendment;(iii) with respect to those Parties whichaccept it after the date on which the amendment enters into force, 30 days after the deposit of an instrument of acceptance.(h) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 shall enter into force with respect to all Parties, except those which have objected to the amendment under sub-paragraph (f) and which have not withdrawn such objections, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted. However, before the date set for entry into force, any Party may give notice to the Secretary-General that it exempts itself from giving effect to that amendment for a period not longer than one year from the date of its entry into force, or for such longer period as may be determined by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee at the time of the adoption of the amendment.3. Amendment by a conference:(a) Upon the request of a Party concurred in by at least one third of the Parties, the Organization shall convene a conference of Parties to consider amendments to the Convention. Proposed amendments shall be circulated by the Secretary-General to all Parties at least six months prior to their consideration by the conference.(b) Amendments shall be adopted by such a conference by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting, on condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment. Amendments so adopted shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.(c) Unless the conference decides otherwise,the amendment shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in accordance with the procedures specified in sub-paragraphs 2(e), 2(f), 2(g) and 2(h) respectively, provided that reference in sub-paragraph 2(h) to the Maritime Safety Committee expanded in accordance with sub-paragraph 2(b) shall be taken to mean reference to the conference.4. Any declaration of acceptance of, or objection to, an amendment or any notice given under sub-paragraph 2(h) shall be submitted in writing to the Secretary-General who shall inform all Parties of any such submission and the date of its receipt.5. The Secretary-General shall inform States of any amendments which enter into force, together with the date on which each such amendment enters into force.Article IVSignature, ratification, acceptance approval and accession1. The Convention shall remain open for signature at the Headquarters of the Organization from 1 November 1979 until 31 October 1980 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. States may become Parties to the Convention by:(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; or(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or(c) accession.[1]2. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary-General.3. The Secretary-General shall inform States of any signature or of the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession and the date of its deposit.Article VEntry into force1. The Convention shall enter into force 12 months after the date on which 15 States have become Parties to it in accordance with Article IV.[2]2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Conventionin accordance with Article IV after the condition prescribed in paragraph 1 has been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.3. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention after the date on which the Convention enters into force shall be 30 days after the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article IV.4. Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the date of entry into force of an amendment to the Convention in accordance with Article III shall apply to Convention, as amended, and the Convention, as amended, shall enter into force for a State depositing such an instrument 30 days after the date of its deposit.5. The Secretary-General shall inform States of the date of entry into force of the Convention.Article VIDenunciation1. The Convention may be denounced by any Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention enters into force for that Party.2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of denunciation with the Secretary-General who shall notify States of any instrument of denunciation received and of the date of its receipt as well as the date on which such denunciation takes effect.3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after its receipt by the Secretary-General.Article VIIDeposit and registration1. The Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary-General who shall transmit certified true copies thereof to States.2. As soon as the Convention enters into force, the Secretary-General shall transmit the text thereof to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration and publication, in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.Article VIIILanguagesThe Convention is established in a single copy in the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally authentic. Official translations in the Arabic, German and Italian languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original.DONE AT HAMBURG this twenty-seventh day of April one thousand nine hundred and seventy-nine.IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments for the purpose, have signed the Convention.[Signatures not reproduced here.]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANNEXCHAPTER 1TERMS AND DEFINITIONS1.1 "Shall" is used in the Annex to indicatea provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is required in the interest of safety of life at sea.1.2 "Should" is used in the Annex to indicatea provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is recommended in the interest of safety of life at sea.1.3 The terms listed below are used in the Annex with the following meanings:.1 "Search and rescue region". An area of defined dimensions within which search and rescue services are provided..2 "Rescue co-ordination centre". A unit responsible for promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services and for co-ordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search and rescue region..3 "Rescue sub-centre". A unit subordinate to a rescue co-ordination centre established to complement the latter within a specified area within a search and rescue region..4 "Coast watching unit". A land unit, stationary or mobile, designated to maintain a watch on the safety of vessels in coastal areas..5 "Rescue unit". A unit composed of trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for the expeditious conduct of search and rescue operations..6 "On-scene commander". The commander of a rescue unit designated to co-ordinate search and rescue operations within a specified search area..7 "Co-ordinator surface search". A vessel, other than a rescue unit, designated to co-ordinate surface search and rescue operations within a specified search area..8 "Emergency phase". A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase..9 "Uncertainty phase". A situation wherein uncertainty exists as to the safety of a vessel and the persons on board..10 "Alert phase". A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the safety of a vessel and of the persons on board..11 "Distress phase". A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that a vessel or a person is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance..12 "To ditch". In the case of an aircraft, to make a forced landing on water.CHAPTER 2ORGANIZATION2.1 Arrangements for provision and co-ordination of search and rescue services2.1.1 Parties shall ensure that necessaryarrangements are made for the provision of adequate search and rescue services for persons in distress at sea round their coasts.2.1.2 Parties shall forward to the Secretary-General information on their search and rescue organization and later alterations of importance, including:.1 national maritime search and rescue services;.2 location of established rescue co-ordination centres, their telephone and telex numbers and areas of responsibility; and.3 principal available rescue units at their disposal.2.1.3 The Secretary-General shall in asuitable way transmit to all Parties the information referred to in paragraph 2.1.2.2.1.4 Each search and rescue region shall be established by agreement among Parties concerned. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such agreement.2.1.5 In case agreement on the exact dimensions of a search and rescue region is not reached by the Parties concerned, those Parties shall use their best endeavours to reach agreement upon appropriate arrangements under which the equivalent overall co-ordination of search and rescue services is provided in the area. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such arrangements.2.1.6 The Secretary-General shall notify all Parties of the agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs2.1.4 and 2.1.5.2.1.7 The delimitation of search and rescue regions is not related to and shall not prejudice the delimitation of any boundary between States.2.1.8 Parties should arrange that their search and rescue services are able to give prompt response to distress calls.2.1.9 On receiving information that a person is in distress at sea in an area within which a Party provides for the overall co-ordination of search and rescue operations, the responsible authorities of that Party shall take urgent steps to provide the most appropriate assistance available.2.1.10 Parties shall ensure that assistance be provided to any person in distress at sea.They shall do so regardless of the nationality or status of such a person or the circumstances in which that person is found.2.2 Co-ordination of search and rescue facilities2.2.1 Parties shall make provision for the co-ordination of the facilities required to provide search and rescue services round their coasts.2.2.2 Parties shall establish a national machinery for the overall co-ordination of search and rescue services.2.3 Establishment of rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres2.3.1 To meet the requirements of paragraphs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 Parties shall establish rescue co-ordination centres for theirsearch and rescue services and such rescue sub-centres as they consider appropriate.2.3.2 The competent authorities of each Party shall determine the area for which a rescue sub-centre is responsible.2.3.3. Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre established in accordance with paragraph 2.3.1 shall have adequate means for the receipt of distress communications via a coast radio station or otherwise. Every such centre and sub-centre shall also have adequate means for communication with its rescue units and with rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate, in adjacent areas.2.4 Designation of rescue units2.4.1 Parties shall designate either:.1 as rescue units, State or other appropriate public or private services suitably located and equipped, or parts thereof; or.2 as elements of the search and rescue organization, State or other appropriate public or private services or parts thereof, not suitable for designation as rescue units, but which are able to participate in search and rescue operations, and shall define the functions of those elements.2.5 Facilities and equipment of rescue units2.5.1 Each rescue unit shall be provided with facilities and equipment appropriate to its task.2.5.2 Each rescue unit should have rapid and reliable means of communication with otherunits or elements engaged in the same operation.2.5.3 Containers or packages containing survival equipment for dropping to survivors should have the general nature of their contents indicated by a colour code in accordance with paragraph 2.5.4 and by printed indication and self-explanatory symbols, to the extent that such symbols exist.2.5.4 The colour identification of the contents of droppable containers and packages containing survival equipment should take the form of streamers coloured according to the following code:.1 Red - medical supplies and first aid equipment;.2 Blue - food and water;.3 Yellow - blankets and protective clothing; and.4 Black - miscellaneous equipment such as stoves, axes, compasses and cooking utensils.2.5.5 Where supplies of a mixed nature are dropped in one container or package, the colour code should be used in combination.2.5.6 Instructions on the use of the survival equipment should be enclosed in each of the droppable containers or packages. They should be printed in English and in at least two other languages.CHAPTER 3CO-OPERATION3.1 Co-operation between States3.1.1 Parties shall co-ordinate their search and rescue organizations and should, whenever necessary, co-ordinate search and rescue operations with those of neighbouring States.3.1.2 Unless otherwise agreed between the States concerned, a Party should authorize, subject to applicable national laws, rules and regulations, immediate entry into or over its territorial sea or territory of rescue units of other Parties solely for the purpose of searching for the position of maritime casualties and rescuing the survivors of such casualties. In such cases, search and rescue operations shall, as far as practicable, be co-ordinated by the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre of the Party which has authorized entry, or such other authority as has been designatedby that Party.3.1.3 Unless otherwise agreed between the States concerned, the authorities of a Party which wishes its rescue units to enter into or over the territorial sea or territory of another Party solely for the purpose of searching for the position of maritime casualties and rescuing the survivors of such casualties, shall transmit a request, giving full details of the projected mission and the need for it, to the rescue co-ordination centre of that other Party, or to such other authority as has been designated by that Party.3.1.4 The competent authorities of Parties shall:.1 immediately acknowledge the receipt of such a request; and.2 as soon as possible indicate the conditions, if any, under which the projected mission may be undertaken.3.1.5 Parties should enter into agreements with neighbouring States setting forth the conditions for entry of each other's rescue units into or over their respective territorial sea or territory. These agreements should also provide for expediting entry of such units with the least possible formalities.3.1.6 Each Party should authorize its rescue co-ordination centres:.1 to request from other rescue co-ordination centres such assistance, including vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment, as may be needed;.2 to grant any necessary permission for theentry of such vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment into or over its territorial sea or territory; and.3 to make the necessary arrangements with the appropriate customs, immigration or other authorities with a view to expediting such entry.3.1.7 Each Party should authorize its rescue co-ordination centres to provide, when requested, assistance to other rescue co-ordination centres, including assistance in the form of vessels, aircraft, personnel or equipment.3.1.8 Parties should enter into search and rescue agreements with neighbouring States regarding the pooling of facilities, establishment of common procedures, conduct of joint training and exercises, regular checks of inter-State communicationchannels, liaison visits by rescue co-ordination centre personnel and the exchange of search and rescue information.3.2 Co-ordination with aeronautical services3.2.1 Parties shall ensure the closest practicable co-ordination between maritime and aeronautical services so as to provide for the most effective and efficient search and rescue services in and over their search and rescue regions.3.2.2 Whenever practicable, each Party should establish joint rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres to serve both maritime and aeronautical purposes.3.2.3 Whenever separate maritime and aeronautical rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres are established toserve the same area, the Party concerned shall ensure the closest practicable co-ordination between the centres or sub-centres.3.2.4 Parties shall ensure as far as is possible the use of common procedures by rescue units established for maritime purposes and those established for aeronautical purposes.CHAPTER 4PREPARATORY MEASURES4.1 Requirements for information4.1.1 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre shall have available up-to-date information relevant to search and rescue operations in its area including information regarding:.1 rescue units and coast watching units;.2 any other public and private resources, including transportation facilities and fuel supplies, that are likely to be useful in search and rescue operations;.3 means of communication that may be used in search and rescue operations;.4 names, cable and telex addresses, telephone and telex numbers of shipping agents, consular authorities, international organizations and other agencies who may be able to assist in obtaining vital information on vessels;.5 the locations, call signs or maritime mobile service identities, hours of watch and frequencies of all radio stations likely to be employed in search and rescueoperations;.6 the locations, call signs or maritime mobile service identities, hours of watch and frequencies of all coast radio stations disseminating meteorological forecasts and warnings for the search and rescue region;.7 the locations and hours of watch of services keeping radio watch and the frequencies guarded;.8 objects likely to be mistaken for unlocated or unreported wreckage; and.9 locations where supplies of droppable emergency survival equipment are stored.4.1.2 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre should have ready access to information regarding the position, course, speed and call sign or ship stationidentity of vessels within its area which may be able to provide assistance to vessels or persons in distress at sea. This information shall either be kept in the rescue co-ordination centre or be readily obtainable when necessary.4.1.3 A large-scale map shall be provided at each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre for the purpose of displaying and plotting information relevant to search and rescue operations in its area.4.2 Operating plans or instructions4.2.1 Each rescue co-ordination centre and rescue sub-centre shall prepare or have available detailed plans or instructions for the conduct of search and rescue operations in its area.4.2.2. The plans or instructions shallspecify arrangements for the servicing and refuelling, to the extent possible, of vessels, aircraft and vehicles employed in search and rescue operations, including those made available by other States.4.2.3 The plans or instructions should contain details regarding action to be taken by those engaged in search and rescue operations in the area, including:.1 the manner in which search and rescue operations are to be conducted;.2 the use of available communications systems and facilities;.3 the action to be taken jointly with other rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate;.4 the methods of altering vessels at sea anden route aircraft;.5 the duties and authority of personnel assigned to search and rescue operations;.6 possible redeployment of equipment that may be necessitated by meteorological or other conditions;.7 the methods of obtaining essential information relevant to search and rescue operations, such as appropriate notices to mariners and reports and forecasts of weather and sea surface conditions;.8 the methods of obtaining from other rescue co-ordination centres or rescue sub-centres, as appropriate, such assistance as may be needed, including vessels, aircraft, personnel and equipment;.9 the methods of assisting rescue vesselsor other vessels to rendezvous with vessels in distress; and.10 the methods of assisting distressed aircraft compelled to ditch to rendezvous with surface craft.4.3 Preparedness of rescue units4.3.1 Each designated rescue unit shall maintain a state of preparedness commensurate with its task and should keep the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre informed of its state of preparedness.CHAPTER 5OPERATING PROCEDURES5.1 Information concerning emergencies5.1.1 Parties shall ensure that such continuous radio watches as are deemed practicable and necessary, are maintained on international distress frequencies. A coast radio station receiving any distress call or message shall:.1 immediately inform the appropriate rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre;.2 rebroadcast to the extent necessary to inform ships on one or more of the international distress frequencies or on any other appropriate frequency;.3 precede such rebroadcasts with the appropriate automatic alarm signals unless this has already been done; and.4 take such subsequent action as decided by the competent authority.5.1.2 Any authority or element of the search and rescue organization having reason to believe that a vessel is in a state of emergency should give as soon as possible all available information to the rescue co-ordination centre or rescue sub-centre concerned.5.1.3 Rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres shall, immediately upon receipt of information concerning a vessel in a state of emergency, evaluate such information and determine the phase of emergency in accordance with paragraph 5.2 and the extent of operation required.5.2 Emergency phases5.2.1 For operations purposes, the following emergency phases shall be distinguished:.1 Uncertainty phase:.1.1 when a vessel has been reported overdue at its destination; or.1.2 when a vessel has failed to make an expected position or safety report..2 Alert phase:.2.1 when, following the uncertainty phase, attempts to establish contact with the vessel have failed and inquiries addressed to other appropriate sources have been unsuccessful; or.2.2 when information has been received indicating that the operating efficiency of a vessel is impaired but not to the extent that a distress situation is likely..3 Distress phase:.3.1 when positive information is received that a vessel or a person is in grave and imminent danger and in need of immediate assistance; or.3.2 when, following the alert phase, further unsuccessful attempts to establish contact with the vessel and more widespread unsuccessful inquiries point to the probability that the vessel is in distress; or.3.3 when information is received which indicates that the operating efficiency of a vessel has been impaired to the extent that a distress situation is likely.5.3 Procedures for rescue co-ordination centres and rescue sub-centres during emergency phases。
《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》的诞生
《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》的诞生沈肇圻【期刊名称】《中国船检》【年(卷),期】2017(000)010【总页数】4页(P98-101)【作者】沈肇圻【作者单位】【正文语种】中文为开展国际合作搜寻营救海上遇险人员，“海协”于1979年4月9日～27日在汉堡召开国际海上搜寻救助会议，讨论并制定了《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》。
公约强调发扬人道主义，规定缔约国在本国的法律、规章制度许可的情况下，应批准其他缔约国的救助单位为了搜寻发生海难的地点和营救遇险人员立即进入或越过其领海或领土。
公约的附则对搜寻救助的组织、国家间的合作、搜寻救助的准备措施、工作程序和船舶报告制度等作了规定。
公约自1985年6月22日起生效。
中国于1985年6月24日核准了公约。
其实，制定这样一部公约的想法最早要追溯到20世纪初。
长久以来，人们千方百计避免和防止海难，但事故仍时有发生，为挽救遇险人员的生命，搜寻和救助是重要的措施。
“海上皆兄弟”，船长在海上接收到求救信息，要做出相应回应，这是古老的海上传统，人道主义的表现。
1910年9月23日在布鲁塞尔召开的第三次海洋法会议把这个传统写入了1910年统一海难援助和救助某些法律规定的公约，此公约在规定“无效果，无报酬”原则的同时，将这个传统，用国际法固定下来。
它的第11条规定：“船长在海上发现遭遇生命危险的每一个人，即使是敌人，都必须援助，只要这样做，对其船舶、船员和旅客没有严重危险。
船舶所有人不因上述规定的违反而承担责任”。
“泰坦尼克”号惨案后，第一次国际海上安全会议签订的1914年安全公约，也作出了类似规定。
公约第Ⅴ章无线电报第37条规定：“接到遇难船舶求救的船长有责任向遇难船舶提供援助”。
1929年安全公约也有类似规定。
第五章航行安全第四十五条：“遭难电信执行职务程序第一款，船长于本船收到遭难之无线电信，应即开足速力（当时习惯用词，相当于现在的‘马力’），驶往援助，但船长委实无能为力，或按当时特定情形无理由或无必要为之执行或依本条第三款、第四款之规定，应免执行者不在此限（注：第三款指已知其他船已应征前往，第四款指已知其他船已抵遇险现场）。
船舶安全管理学习资料
第二章与船舶安全管理相关的国际公约法规1、试述联合国海洋法公约的性质及其内容构成(1)《联合国海洋法公约》被称为“海洋的宪法” ，并被认为是和“联合国宪章”齐名的对国际社会的杰出成就，是为了协调各国在开发和利用海洋的活动中的关系而制定的。
(2)《联合国海洋法》公约涉及的内容包括领海毗连区，用于国际航行的海峡、群岛国、专属经济区、大陆架、公海、岛屿制度、闭海或半闭海。
内陆国出入海洋的权利和过境自由、国际海底、海洋环境的保护和保全、海洋科学研究等各项发露制度，共17 个部分320条。
另有九个附件盒一个最后文件。
5、IMO 组织定制的与海上安全、保安有关的主要公约和规则有哪些？与海上安全有关的主要国际公约包括《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》( SOLAS 1974)、《1972 年国际海上避碰规则》(COLREG 1972)、《1976年国际海事卫星组织公约》 (INMARSAT 1976) 、《1987年海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》(STCW 1987)、《1979年国际海上搜寻救助公约》( SART 1979)。
6、件数SOLAS1974 附则的主要内容。
附则包括：总则、构造( II-1 结构，分舱与稳性，机电设备；II-2 防火、探火和灭火)，救生设备与装置、无线电通信设备、航行安全、货物装运、危险货物的载运、核能船舶、船舶安全营运管理、高速船安全措施，加强海上安全和保安的特别措施，散货船安全附加措施。
7、STCW 公约有何功用？经修订的公约主要由哪些内容构成？( 1 )STCW1987 公约第一次对船员的技术标准要求法规化、全球化；要求值班高级船员必须持有适任证书，参加值班的普通学员必须接受规定的培训，对不同等级证书相应的基础知识和海上资历做了规定。
( 2)马尼拉修正案在保留STCW 公约1995 年修正案的结构与目标，不降低现有标准，不修改公约条款的前提下，主要做了如下修改：①理顺病规范了三种证书(适任证书、培训合格证书及书面证明) 的要求，规定适任证书及油船、化学品船、液化气船船长和高级船员的培训合格证由海事主管机关签发；②新增证书的签发和登记条款，对海上服务资历的认可，培训课程的确认，都做了明确规定；③增加了独立评价报告内容的明确要求，增加了公司的责任；④修正了休息时间量化标准；⑤增加了电子员的培训与适任要求；⑥加强了海洋环境保护意识方面的培训要求。
国际海事组织各有关公约目录
国际海事组织各有关公约目录国际海事组织各有关公约Maritime safety海上安全SOLAS), 1974 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (1974年国际海上人命安全公约International Convention on Load Lines (LL), 19661966年国际船舶载重线公约Special Trade Passenger Ships Agreement (STP), 1971 1971年特种业务客船国际协定Protocol on Space Requirements for Special Trade Passenger Ships, 19731973年关于特种业务客船旅客舱室要求的国际协定Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG), 1972国际海上避碰规则International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC), 1972国际集装箱安全公约Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT), 1976 国际海事卫星组织公约The Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (SFV), 1977国际渔船安全公约International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeepingfor Seafarers (STCW), 1978海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeepingfor Fishing Vessel Personnel (STCW-F), 1995渔船船员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR), 1979国际海上搜寻和救助公约Marine pollution海洋污染International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78) 经1978年议定书修改的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seasin Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties (INTERVENTION), 19691954年国际防止海上油污公约1969年修正案Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping ofWastes and Other Matter(LDC), 19721972年防止倾倒废物和其它物质污染海洋公约International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC), 19901990年国际油污防备、响应和合作公约Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances, 2000 (HNS Protocol) 2000年有毒有害物质污染防备、响应和合作协议International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships(AFS), 20012001年国际控制船舶有害船底防污系统公约International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments, 20042004年控制管理船舶压载水和沉积物国际公约Liability and compensation责任和赔偿International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC), 19691969年国际油污损害民事责任公约International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND), 1971 1971年国际设立国际油污损害赔偿基金公约Convention relating to Civil Liability in the Field of Maritime Carriage of NuclearMaterial (NUCLEAR), 19711971年有关海上载运核材料民事责任协定Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea(PAL), 19741974年有关载运旅客和行李雅典协议Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC), 1976 1976年海事索赔责任限制公约International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection withthe Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS), 1996 1996年国际载运有毒有害物质损害的责任和赔偿公约International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 2001年国际油轮油污损害民事责任公约Other subjects其它Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL), 1965 便利旅行和运输协议International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships (TONNAGE), 1969 1969年国际吨位丈量公约Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of MaritimeNavigation (SUA), 19881988年消除影响海上航行安全的违法行为的协议International Convention on Salvage (SALVAGE), 19891989年国际海上救助公约。
世界各国的水上搜救体制
水上搜救搜救行动的五个阶段：1水上搜救事件一般经过先后五个阶段，这五个阶段从发现事故到对事故做出反应的过程中实施的一连串具体行动。
对某些特殊的搜救事件可能并不要求执行每一个阶段。
对于一些事件，某个阶段内的行动可能就包含了其他阶段的行动，因此，两个或者两个以上的阶段的部分行动可以同时进行。
搜救的五个阶段下。
1事故发现搜救系统任何人员或者机构得知存在或者可能存在紧急情况。
当搜救系统第一次得知存在一实际的或者潜在的搜救事件时，即进入发现阶段。
这是处于困难的中的人员或者航空器（船舶）可以报告所遇问题，告警台可以收到的警报，附近的工作人员可以察觉到事故的发生，或者由于缺少联系或未达到造成情况不明，任何人发现任何实际的或者潜在的搜救事件时，应立即向他所知道的合适或者最近的救助协调中心或分中心报告。
如搜救单元接到这方面的信息，应适当的对这一事件做出反应。
2最初行动初步应采取的行动是，想搜救设施报警，同时获得更多的信息。
这个阶段包括：信息的评估和分类、向搜救设施报警、通信检查，以及在紧急情况下立即采取其他阶段相应的行动，当搜救系统开始做出反应时，即进入最初行动阶段。
此时的一些做法，如信息评估。
可能开始于发现阶段，并且贯穿于整个搜救过程。
评估完成所有信息并考虑好事故等级后，搜救任务协调员就会宣布该事故所处的阶段，并须诉通知所有参加救助的中心，人员和设施。
建立三个阶段是为了愤青事故等级，并帮助决定每一个事故应采取的措施这三个阶段分别为：不明阶段，告警阶段，遇险阶段。
根据情况发展，事故可能会重新分级。
3制定计划行动计划包括搜寻计划，救助计划和移送幸存者或其他合适安全的地方的计划。
当遇险位置不明或遇险者随风流漂流时，对搜救反应做出综合计划是不可或缺的。
恰当正确的计划对搜救任务的成功至关重要。
不管有多好的搜寻技术和多强的搜寻能力。
如果搜寻区域不正确，搜救人员还是没有希望找到幸存者的。
4采取行动采取行动阶段包括派遣搜救设施到达现场，开展搜救，展开搜寻，救助幸存者，救援遇险航空器（船舶），对幸存者提供紧急处置，以及将伤亡送至医疗机构，并将其他人员转移到安全地带在内的所有活动。
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【法规标题】 1979年国际海上搜寻与救助公约（英文版）（1979年发布）【发布部门】国际海事组织【发文字号】【适用区域】全国适用【发布时间】1979-04-27【生效时间】1985-06-22【关键词】海上【有效性】有效【更替信息】【注：此文档于2018年12月由一点通平台导出】19791979年国际海上搜寻与救助公约年国际海上搜寻与救助公约((英文版英文版))2006年09月20日INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE, 1979THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION,NOTING the great importance attached in several conventions to the rendering of assistance to persons in distress at sea and to the establishment by every coastal State of adequate and effective arrangements for coast watching and for search and rescue services,HA VING CONSIDERED Recommendation 40 adopted by the International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea, 1960, which recognizes the desirability of co-ordinating activities regarding safety on and over the sea among a number of inter-governmental organizations,DESIRING to develop and promote these activities by establishing an international maritime search and rescue plan responsible to the needs of maritime traffic for the rescue of persons in distress at sea,WISHING to promote co-operation among search and rescue organizations around the world and among those participating in search and rescue operations at sea.HAVE AGREED as follows:Article IGeneral obligations under the ConventionThe Parties undertake to adopt all legislative or other appropriate measures necessary to give full effect to the Convention and its Annex, which is an integral part of the Convention.Unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to the Convention constitutes at the same time a reference to its Annex.Article IIOther treaties and interpretation1. Nothing in the Convention shall prejudice the codification and development of the law of the sea by the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea convened pursuant to resolution 2750(XXV) of the General Assembly of the United Nations nor the present or future claims and legal views of any State concerning the law of the sea and the nature and extent ofcoastal and flag State jurisdiction.2. No provision of the Convention shall be construed as prejudicing obligations or rights of vessels provided for in other international instruments.Article IIIAmendments1. The Convention may be amended by either of the procedures specified in paragraphs 2 and 3 hereinafter.2. Amendment after consideration within the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Organization):(a) Any amendment proposed by a Party and transmitted to the Secretary-General of the Organization (hereinafter referred to as the Secretary-General), or any amendment deemed necessary by the Secretary-General as a result of an amendment to a corresponding provision of Annex 12 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, shall be circulated to all Members of the Organization and all Parties at least six months prior to its consideration by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization.(b) Parties, whether or not Members of the Organization, shall be entitled to participate in the proceedings of the Maritime Safety Committee for the consideration and adoption of amendments.(c) Amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee on condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment.(d) Amendments adopted in accordance with sub-paragraph (c) shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.(e) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall be deemed to have been accepted on the date on which the Secretary-General has received an instrument of acceptance from two thirds of the Parties.(f) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or3.1.3 shall be deemed to have been accepted at the end of one year from the date on which it is communicated to the Parties for acceptance. However, if within such period of one year more than one third of the Parties notify the Secretary-General that they object to the amendment, it shall be deemed not to have been accepted.(g) An amendment to an Article or to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 of the Annex shall enter into force:(i) with respect to those Parties which have accepted it, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted;(ii) with respect to those Parties which accept it after the condition mentioned in sub-paragraph (e) has been met and before the amendment enters into force, on the date of entryinto force of the amendment;(iii) with respect to those Parties which accept it after the date on which the amendment enters into force, 30 days after the deposit of an instrument of acceptance.(h) An amendment to the Annex other than to paragraphs 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.7, 2.1.10, 3.1.2 or 3.1.3 shall enter into force with respect to all Parties, except those which have objected to the amendment under sub-paragraph (f) and which have not withdrawn such objections, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted. However, before the date set for entry into force, any Party may give notice to the Secretary-General that it exempts itself from giving effect to that amendment for a period not longer than one year from the date of its entry into force, or for such longer period as may be determined by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee at the time of the adoption of the amendment.3. Amendment by a conference:(a) Upon the request of a Party concurred in by at least one third of the Parties, the Organization shall convene a conference of Parties to consider amendments to the Convention. Proposed amendments shall be circulated by the Secretary-General to all Parties at least six months prior to their consideration by the conference.(b) Amendments shall be adopted by such a conference by a two-thirds majority of the Parties present and voting, on condition that at least one third of the Parties shall be present at the time of adoption of the amendment. Amendments so adopted shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance.(c) Unless the conference decides otherwise, the amendment shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in accordance with the procedures specified in sub-paragraphs 2(e), 2(f), 2(g) and 2(h) respectively, provided that reference in sub-paragraph 2(h) to the Maritime Safety Committee expanded in accordance with sub-paragraph 2(b) shall be taken to mean reference to the conference.4. Any declaration of acceptance of, or objection to, an amendment or any notice given under sub-paragraph 2(h) shall be submitted in writing to the Secretary-General who shall inform all Parties of any such submission and the date of its receipt.5. The Secretary-General shall inform States of any amendments which enter into force, together with the date on which each such amendment enters into force.Article IVSignature, ratification, acceptance approval and accession1. The Convention shall remain open for signature at the Headquarters of the Organization from 1 November 1979 until 31 October 1980 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. States may become Parties to the Convention by:(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; or(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or(c) accession.[1]2. Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary-General.3. The Secretary-General shall inform States of any signature or of the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession and the date of its deposit.Article VEntry into force1. The Convention shall enter into force 12 months after the date on which 15 States have become Parties to it in accordance with Article IV.[2]2. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention in accordance with Article IV after the condition prescribed in paragraph 1 has been met and before the Convention enters into force, shall be on the date of entry into force of the Convention.3. Entry into force for States which ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Convention after the date on which the Convention enters into force shall be 30 days after the date of deposit of an instrument in accordance with Article IV.4. Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the date of entry into force of an amendment to the Convention in accordance with Article III shall apply to Convention, as amended, and the Convention, as amended, shall enter into force fora State depositing such an instrument 30 days after the date of its deposit.5. The Secretary-General shall inform States of the date of entry into force of the Convention.Article VIDenunciation1. The Convention may be denounced by any Party at any time after the expiry of five years from the date on which the Convention enters into force for that Party.2. Denunciation shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of denunciation with the Secretary-General who shall notify States of any instrument of denunciation received and of the date of its receipt as well as the date on which such denunciation takes effect.3. A denunciation shall take effect one year, or such longer period as may be specified in the instrument of denunciation, after its receipt by the Secretary-General.Article VIIDeposit and registration1. The Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary-General who shall transmit certified true copies thereof to States.2. As soon as the Convention enters into force, the Secretary-General shall transmit the text thereof to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration and publication, in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.Article VIIILanguagesThe Convention is established in a single copy in the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally authentic. Official translations in the Arabic, German and Italian languages shall be prepared and deposited with the signed original.DONE A T HAMBURG this twenty-seventh day of April one thousand nine hundred and seventy-nine.IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments for the purpose, have signed the Convention.[Signatures not reproduced here.]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------ANNEXCHAPTER 1TERMS AND DEFINITIONS1.1 "Shall" is used in the Annex to indicate a provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is required in the interest of safety of life at sea.1.2 "Should" is used in the Annex to indicate a provision, the uniform application of which by all Parties is recommended in the interest of safety of life at sea.1.3 The terms listed below are used in the Annex with the following meanings:.1 "Search and rescue region". An area of defined dimensions within which search and rescue services are provided..2 "Rescue co-ordination centre". A unit responsible for promoting efficient organization of search and rescue services and for co-ordinating the conduct of search and rescue operations within a search and rescue region..3 "Rescue sub-centre". A unit subordinate to a rescue co-ordination centre established to complement the latter within a specified area within a search and rescue region..4 "Coast watching unit". A land unit, stationary or mobile, designated to maintain a watch on the safety of vessels in coastal areas..5 "Rescue unit". A unit composed of trained personnel and provided with equipment suitable for the expeditious conduct of search and rescue operations..6 "On-scene commander". The commander of a rescue unit designated to co-ordinate search and rescue operations within a specified search area..7 "Co-ordinator surface search". A vessel, other than a rescue unit, designated to co-ordinate surface search and rescue operations within a specified search area..8 "Emergency phase". A generic term meaning, as the case may be, uncertainty phase, alert phase or distress phase..9 "Uncertainty phase". A situation wherein uncertainty exists as to the safety of a vessel and the persons on board..10 "Alert phase". A situation wherein apprehension exists as to the safety of a vessel and of the persons on board..11 "Distress phase". A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainty that a vessel or a person is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance..12 "To ditch". In the case of an aircraft, to make a forced landing on water.CHAPTER 2ORGANIZATION2.1 Arrangements for provision and co-ordination of search and rescue services2.1.1 Parties shall ensure that necessary arrangements are made for the provision of adequate search and rescue services for persons in distress at sea round their coasts.2.1.2 Parties shall forward to the Secretary-General information on their search and rescue organization and later alterations of importance, including:.1 national maritime search and rescue services;.2 location of established rescue co-ordination centres, their telephone and telex numbers and areas of responsibility; and.3 principal available rescue units at their disposal.2.1.3 The Secretary-General shall in a suitable way transmit to all Parties the information referred to in paragraph 2.1.2.2.1.4 Each search and rescue region shall be established by agreement among Parties concerned. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such agreement.2.1.5 In case agreement on the exact dimensions of a search and rescue region is not reached by the Parties concerned, those Parties shall use their best endeavours to reach agreement upon appropriate arrangements under which the equivalent overall co-ordination of search and rescue services is provided in the area. The Secretary-General shall be notified of such arrangements.2.1.6 The Secretary-General shall notify all Parties of the agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs 2.1.4 and 2.1.5.2.1.7 The delimitation of search and rescue regions is not related to and shall not prejudice the delimitation of any boundary between States.2.1.8 Parties should arrange that their search and rescue services are able to give prompt response to distress calls.。