The Genuine Hero： Characterization in For Whom the Bell Tolls
美国文学简史 名词解释
美国文学Chapter 1 Colonial PeriodI.Background: Puritanism1.features of Puritanism(1)Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred.(2)Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can bepassed down from generation to generation.(3)Total depravity(4)Limited atonement: Only the “elect” can be saved.2.Influence(1)A group of good qualities –hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious andthoughtful) influenced American literature.(2)It led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.(3)Symbolism: the American puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception waschiefly instrumental in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American.(4)With regard to their writing, the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric isplain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible.II.Overview of the literature1.types of writingdiaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, autobiographies/biographies, sermons2.writers of colonial periodAnne Bradstreet/ Edward Taylor/ Roger Williams/ John Woolman/ Thomas Paine/ Philip FreneauIII.Jonathan Edwards1.works(1)The Freedom of the Will(2)The Great Doctrine of Original Sin Defended(3)The Nature of True Virtue2.ideas – pioneer of transcendentalism(1)The spirit of revivalism(2)Regeneration of man(3)God’s presence(4)Puritan idealismIV.Benjamin Franklin1.works(1)Poor Richard’s Almanac <穷查理的历书>(2)Autobiography2.contribution(1)He helped found the Pennsylvania Hospital and the American PhilosophicalSociety.(2)He was called “the new Prometheus who had stolen fire (electricity in this case)from heaven”.(3)Everything seems to meet in this one man –“Jack of all trades”. HermanMelville thus described him “master of each and mastered by none”.Chapter 2 American RomanticismSection 1 Early Romantic PeriodWhat is Romanticism?●An approach from ancient Greek: Plato● A literary trend: 18c in Britain (1798~1832)●Schlegel Bros.I.Preview: Characteristics of romanticism1.subjectivity 主观性(1)feeling and emotions, finding truth(2)emphasis on imagination(3)emphasis on individualism –personal freedom, no hero worship, naturalgoodness of human beings2.back to medieval, esp medieval folk literature(1)unrestrained by classical rules(2)full of imagination(3)colloquial language(4)freedom of imagination(5)genuine in feelings: answer their call for classics3.back to naturenature is “breathing living thing” (Rousseau)II.American Romanticism1.Background(1)Political background and economic development(2)Romantic movement in European countries Derivative – foreign influence 2.features(1)American romanticism was in essence the expression of “a real newexperience and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien.(2)There is American Puritanism as a cultural heritage to consider. Americanromantic authors tended more to moralize. Many American romantic writings intended to edify more than they entertained.(3)The “newness” of Americans as a nation is in connection with Am ericanRomanticism.(4)As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, Americanromanticism was both imitative and independent.III.Washington Irving1.several names attached to Irving(1)first American writer(2)the messenger sent from the new world to the old world(3)father of American literature2.works(1)A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of theDutch Dynasty(2)The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. (He won a measure ofinternational recognition with the publication of this.)(3)The History of the Life and V oyages of Christopher Columbus(4)A Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada(5)The Alhambra3.style – beautiful(1)gentility, urbanity, pleasantness(2)avoiding moralizing – amusing and entertaining(3)enveloping stories in an atmosphere(4)vivid and true characters(5)humour – smiling while reading(6)musical languageIV.James Fenimore Cooper1.works(1)Precaution (1820, his first novel, imitating Austen’s Pride and Prejudice)(2)The Spy (his second novel and great success)(3)Leatherstocking Tales (his masterpiece, a series of five novels)The Deerslayer, The Last of the Mohicans, The Pathfinder, The Pioneer,The Prairie2.point of viewthe theme of wilderness vs. civilization, freedom vs. law, order vs. change, aristocrat vs. democrat, natural rights vs. legal rights3.style(1)highly imaginative(2)good at inventing tales(3)good at landscape description(4)conservative(5)characterization wooden and lacking in probability(6)language and use of dialect not authentic4.literary achievementsHe created a myth about the formative period of the American nation. If the history of the United States is, in a sense, the process of the American settlers exploring and pushing the American frontier forever westward, then Cooper’s Leatherstocking Tales effectively approximates the American national experience of adventure into the West. He turned the west and frontier as a useable past and he helped to introduce western tradition to American literature.Section 2 Summit of Romanticism – American TranscendentalismI.Background: four sources1.Unitarianism 一神论者(1)Fatherhood of God(2)Brotherhood of men(3)Leadership of Jesus(4)Salvation by character (perfection of one’s character)(5)Continued progress of mankind(6)Divinity of mankind(7)Depravity of mankind2.Romantic IdealismCenter of the world is spirit, absolute spirit (Kant)3.Oriental mysticismCenter of the world is “oversoul”4.PuritanismEloquent expression in transcendentalismII.Appearance1836, “Nature” by EmersonIII.Features1.spirit/oversoul2.importance of individualism3.nature – symbol of spirit/Godgarment of the oversoul4.focus in intuition (irrationalism and subconsciousness)IV.Influence1.It served as an ethical guide to life for a young nation and brought about the ideathat human can be perfected by nature. It stressed religious tolerance, called to throw off shackles of customs and traditions and go forward to the development of a new and distinctly American culture.2.It advocated idealism that was great needed in a rapidly expanded economywhere opportunity often became opportunism, and the desire to “get on”obscured the moral necessity for rising to spiritual height.3.It helped to create the first American renaissance –one of the most prolificperiod in American literature.V.Ralph Waldo Emerson1.works(1)Nature(2)Two essays: The American Scholar, The Poet2.point of view(1)One major element of his philosophy is his firm belief in the transcendence ofthe “oversoul”.(2)He regards nature as the purest, and the most sanctifying moral influence onman, and advocated a direct intuition of a spiritual and immanent God in nature.(3)If man depends upon himself, cultivates himself and brings out the divine inhimself, he can hope to become better and even perfect. This is what Emerson means by “the infinitude of man”.(4)Everyone should understand that he makes himself by making his world, andthat he makes the world by making himself.3.aesthetic ideas(1)He is a complete man, an eternal man.(2)True poetry and true art should ennoble.(3)The poet should express his thought in symbols.(4)As to theme, Emerson called upon American authors to celebrate Americawhich was to him a lone poem in itself.4.his influenceVI.Henry David Thoreau1.works(1)A Week on the Concord and Merrimack River(2)Walden(3)A Plea for John Brown (an essay)2.point of view(1)He did not like the way a materialistic America was developing and wasvehemently outspoken on the point.(2)He hated the human injustice as represented by the slavery system.(3)Like Emerson, but more than him, Thoreau saw nature as a genuine restorative,healthy influence on man’s spiritual well-being.(4)He has faith in the inner virtue and inward, spiritual grace of man.(5)He was very critical of modern civilization.(6)“Simplicity…simplify!”(7)He was sorely disgusted with “the inundations of the dirty institutions of men’sodd-fellow society”.(8)He has calm trust in the future and his ardent belief in a new generation ofmen.Section 3 Late RomanticismI.Nathaniel Hawthorne1.works(1)Two collections of short stories: Twice-told Tales, Mosses from and OldManse(2)The Scarlet Letter(3)The House of the Seven Gables(4)The Marble Faun2.point of view(1)Evil is at the core of huma n life, “that blackness in Hawthorne”(2)Whenever there is sin, there is punishment. Sin or evil can be passed fromgeneration to generation (causality).(3)He is of the opinion that evil educates.(4)He has disgust in science.3.aesthetic ideas(1)He took a great interest in history and antiquity. To him these furnish thesoil on which his mind grows to fruition.(2)He was convinced that romance was the predestined form of Americannarrative. To tell the truth and satirize and yet not to offend: That was whatHawthorne had in mind to achieve.4.style – typical romantic writer(1)the use of symbols(2)revelation of characters’ psychology(3)the use of supernatural mixed with the actual(4)his stories are parable (parable inform) – to teach a lesson(5)use of ambiguity to keep the reader in the world of uncertainty –multiplepoint of viewII.Herman Melville1.works(1)Typee(2)Omio(3)Mardi(4)Redburn(5)White Jacket(6)Moby Dick(7)Pierre(8)Billy Budd2.point of view(1)He never seems able to say an affirmative yes to life: His is the attitude of“Everlasting Nay” (negative attitude towards life).(2)One of the major themes of his is alienation (far away from each other).Other themes: loneliness, suicidal individualism (individualism causingdisaster and death), rejection and quest, confrontation of innocence andevil, doubts over the comforting 19c idea of progress3.style(1)Like Hawthorne, Melville manages to achieve the effect of ambiguitythrough employing the technique of multiple view of his narratives.(2)He tends to write periodic chapters.(3)His rich rhythmical prose and his poetic power have been profuselycommented upon and praised.(4)His works are symbolic and metaphorical.(5)He includes many non-narrative chapters of factual background ordescription of what goes on board the ship or on the route (Moby Dick) Romantic PoetsI.Walt Whitman1.work: Leaves of Grass (9 editions)(1)Song of Myself(2)There Was a Child Went Forth(3)Crossing Brooklyn Ferry(4)Democratic Vistas(5)Passage to India(6)Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking2.themes –“Catalogue of American and European thought”He had been influenced by many American and European thoughts: enlightenment, idealism, transcendentalism, science, evolution ideas, western frontier spirits, Jefferson’s individualism, Civil War Unionism, Orientalism.Major themes in his poems (almost everything):●equality of things and beings●divinity of everything●immanence of God●democracy●evolution of cosmos●multiplicity of nature●self-reliant spirit●death, beauty of death●expansion of America●brotherhood and social solidarity (unity of nations in the world)●pursuit of love and happiness3.style: “free verse”(1)no fixed rhyme or scheme(2)parallelism, a rhythm of thought(3)phonetic recurrence(4)the habit of using snapshots(5)the use of a certain pronoun “I”(6)a looser and more open-ended syntactic structure(7)use of conventional image(8)strong tendency to use oral English(9)vocabulary – powerful, colourful, rarely used words of foreign origins, someeven wrong(10)sentences – catalogue technique: long list of names, long poem lines4.influence(1)His best work has become part of the common property of Western culture.(2)He took over Whitman’s vision of the poet-prophet and poet-teacher andrecast it in a more sophisticated and Europeanized mood.(3)He has been compared to a mountain in American literary history.(4)Contemporary American poetry, whatever school or form, bears witness to hisgreat influence.II.Emily Dickenson1.works(1)My Life Closed Twice before Its Close(2)Because I Can’t Stop for Death(3)I Heard a Fly Buzz – When I died(4)Mine – by the Right of the White Election(5)Wild Nights – Wild Nights2.themes: based on her own experiences/joys/sorrows(1)religion – doubt and belief about religious subjects(2)death and immortality(3)love – suffering and frustration caused by love(4)physical aspect of desire(5)nature – kind and cruel(6)free will and human responsibility3.style(1)poems without titles(2)severe economy of expression(3)directness, brevity(4)musical device to create cadence (rhythm)(5)capital letters – emphasis(6)short poems, mainly two stanzas(7)rhetoric techniques: personification – make some of abstract ideas vivid parison: Whitman vs. Dickinson1.Similarities:(1)Thematically, they both extolled, in their different ways, an emergentAmerica, its expansion, its individualism and its Americanness, their poetrybeing part of “American Renaissance”.(2)Technically, they both added to the literary independence of the new nationby breaking free of the convention of the iambic pentameter and exhibitinga freedom in form unknown before: they were pioneers in American poetry.2.differences:(1)Whitman seems to keep his eye on society at large; Dickinson explores theinner life of the individual.(2)Whereas Whitman is “national” in his outlook, Dickinson is “regional”.(3)Dickinson has the “catalogue technique” (direct, simple style) whichWhitman doesn’t have.Edgar Allen PoeI.Works1.short stories(1)ratiocinative storiesa.Ms Found in a Bottleb.The Murders in the Rue Morguec.The Purloined Letter(2)Revenge, death and rebirtha.The Fall of the House of Usherb.Ligeiac.The Masque of the Red Death(3)Literary theorya.The Philosophy of Compositionb.The Poetic Principlec.Review of Hawthorne’s Twice-told TalesII.Themes1.death –predominant theme in Poe’s writing“Poe is not interested in anything alive. Everything in Poe’s writings is dead.”2.disintegration (separation) of life3.horror4.negative thoughts of scienceIII.Aesthetic ideas1.The short stories should be of brevity, totality, single effect, compression andfinality.2.The poems should be short, and the aim should be beauty, the tone melancholy.Poems should not be of moralizing. He calls for pure poetry and stresses rhythm.IV.Style – traditional, but not easy to readV.Reputation: “the jingle man” (Emerson)Chapter 3 The Age of RealismI.Background: From Romanticism to Realism1.the three conflicts that reached breaking point in this period(1)industrialism vs. agrarian(2)culturely-measured east vs. newly-developed west(3)plantation gentility vs. commercial gentility2.1880’s urbanization: from free competition to monopoly capitalism3.the closing of American frontierII.Characteristics1.truthful description of life2.typical character under typical circumstance3.objective rather than idealized, close observation and investigation of life“Realistic writers are like scientists.”4.open-ending:Life is complex and cannot be fully understood. It leaves much room forreaders to think by themselves.5.concerned with social and psychological problems, revealing the frustrations ofcharacters in an environment of sordidness and depravityIII.Three Giants in Realistic Period1.William Dean Howells –“Dean of American Realism”(1)Realistic principlesa.Realism is “fidelity to experience and probability of motive”.b.The aim is “talk of some ordinary traits of American life”.c.Man in his natural and unaffected dullness was the object of Howells’sfictional representation.d.Realism is by no means mere photographic pictures of externals but includesa cen tral concern with “motives” and psychological conflicts.e.He condemns novels of sentimentality and morbid self-sacrifice, and avoidssuch themes as illicit love.f.Authors should minimize plot and the artificial ordering of the sense ofsomething “desultory, unfinished, imperfect”.g.Characters should have solidity of specification and be real.h.Interpreting sympathetically the “common feelings of commonplace people”was best suited as a technique to express the spirit of America.i.He urged writers to winnow tradition and write in keeping with currenthumanitarian ideals.j.Truth is the highest beauty, but it includes the view that morality penetrates all things.k.With regard to literary criticism, Howells felt that the literary critic should not try to impose arbitrary or subjective evaluations on books but should follow the detached scientist in accurate description, interpretation, and classification.(2)Worksa.The Rise of Silas Laphamb. A Chance Acquaintancec. A Modern Instance(3)Features of His Worksa.Optimistic toneb.Moral development/ethicscking of psychological depth2.Henry James(1)Literary career: three stagesa.1865~1882: international theme●The American●Daisy Miller●The Portrait of a Ladyb.1882~1895: inter-personal relationships and some plays●Daisy Miller (play)c.1895~1900: novellas and tales dealing with childhood and adolescence,then back to international theme●The Turn of the Screw●When Maisie Knew●The Ambassadors●The Wings of the Dove●The Golden Bowl(2)Aesthetic ideasa.The aim of novel: represent lifemon, even ugly side of lifec.Social function of artd.Avoiding omniscient point of view(3)Point of viewa.Psychological analysis, forefather of stream of consciousnessb.Psychological realismc.Highly-refined language(4)Style –“stylist”nguage: highly-refined, polished, insightful, accurateb.V ocabulary: largec.Construction: complicated, intricateLocal Colorism1860s, 1870s~1890sI.Appearance1.uneven development in economy in America2.culture: flourishing of frontier literature, humourists3.magazines appeared to let writer publish their worksII.What is “Local Colour”?Tasks of local colourists: to write or present local characters of their regions in truthful depiction distinguished from others, usually a very small part of the world.Regional literature (similar, but larger in world)●Garland, Harte – the west●Eggleston – Indiana●Mrs Stowe●Jewett – Maine●Chopin – LouisianaIII.Mark Twain – Mississippi1.works(1)The Gilded Age(2)“the two advantages”(3)Life on the Mississippi(4)A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court(5)The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug2.style(1)colloquial language, vernacular language, dialects(2)local colour(3)syntactic feature: sentences are simple, brief, sometimes ungrammatical(4)humour(5)tall tales (highly exaggerated)(6)social criticism (satire on the different ugly things in society)parison of t he three “giants” of American Realism1.ThemeHowells – middle classJames – upper classTwain – lower class2.TechniqueHowells – smiling/genteel realismJames – psychological realismTwain – local colourism and colloquialismChapter 4 American NaturalismI.Background1.Darwin’s theory: “natural selection”2.Spenser’s idea: “social Darwinism”3.French Naturalism: ZoraII.Features1.environment and heredity2.scientific accuracy and a lot of details3.general tone: hopelessness, despair, gloom, ugly side of the societyIII.significanceIt prepares the way for the writing of 1920s’ “lost generation” and T. S. Eliot. IV.Theodore Dreiser1.life2.works(1)Sister Carrie(2)The trilogy: Financier, The Titan, The Stoic(3)Jennie Gerhardt(4)American Tragedy(5)The Genius3.point of view(1)He embraced social Darwinism – survival of the fittest. He learned to regardman as merely an animal driven by greed and lust in a struggle for existencein which only the “fittest”, the most ruthless, survive.(2)Life is predatory, a “game” of the lecherous and heartless, a jung le strugglein which man, being “a waif and an interloper in Nature”, a “wisp in thewind of social forces”, is a mere pawn in the general scheme of things, withno power whatever to assert his will.(3)No one is ethically free; everything is determined by a complex of internalchemisms and by the forces of social pressure.4.Sister Carrie(1)Plot(2)Analysis5.Style(1)Without good structure(2)Deficient characterization(3)Lack in imagination(4)Journalistic method(5)Techniques in paintingChapter 5 The Modern PeriodSection 1 The 1920sI.IntroductionThe 1920s is a flowering period of American literature. It is considered “the second renaissance” of American literature.The nicknames for this period:(1)Roaring 20s – comfort(2)Dollar Decade – rich(3)Jazz Age – Jazz musicII.Background1.First World War –“a war to end all wars”(1)Economically: became rich from WWI. Economic boom: new inventions.Highly-consuming society.(2)Spiritually: dislocation, fragmentation.2.wide-spread contempt for law (looking down upon law)3.Freud’s theoryIII.Features of the literatureWriters: three groups(1)Participants(2)Expatriates(3)Bohemian (unconventional way of life) – on-lookersTwo areas:(1)Failure of communication of Americans(2)Failure of the American societyImagismI. BackgroundImagism was influenced by French symbolism, ancient Chinese poetry and Japanese literature “haiku”II. Development: three stages1.1908~1909: London, Hulme2.1912~1914: England -> America, Pound3.1914~1917: Amy LowellIII. What is an “image”?An image is defined by Pound as that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time, “a vortex or cluster of fused ideas” “endowed with energy”. The exact word must bring the effect of the object before the reader as it had presented itself to the poet’s mind at the time of writing.IV. Principles1.Direct treatment of the “thing”, whether subjective or objective;2.To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation;3.As regarding rhythm, to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not inthe sequence of a metronome.V. Significance1.It was a rebellion against the traditional poetics which failed to reflect the newlife of the new century.2.It offered a new way of writing which was valid not only for the Imagist poetsbut for modern poetry as a whole.3.The movement was a training school in which many great poets learned theirfirst lessons in the poetic art.4.It is this movement that helped to open the first pages of modern English andAmerican poetry.VI. Ezra Pound1.literary career2.works(1)Cathay(2)Cantos(3)Hugh Selwyn Mauberley3.point of view(1)Confident in Pound’s belief that the artist was morally and culturally thearbiter and the “saviour” of the race, he took it upon himself to purify the arts and became the prime mover of a few experimental movements, the aim of which was to dump the old into the dustbin and bring forth something new.(2)To him life was sordid personal crushing oppression, and culture producednothing but “intangible bondage”.(3)Pound sees in Chinese history and the doctrine of Confucius a source ofstrength and wisdom with which to counterpoint Western gloom and confusion.(4)He saw a chaotic world that wanted setting to rights, and a humanity,suffering from spiritual death and cosmic injustice, that needed saving. He was for the most part of his life trying to offer Confucian philosophy as the one faith which could help to save the West.4.style: very difficult to readPound’s early poems are fresh and lyrical. The Cantos can be notoriously difficult in some sections, but delightfully beautiful in others. Few have made serious study of the long poem; fewer, if anyone at all, have had the courage to declare that they have conquered Pound; and many seem to agree that theCantos is a monumental failure.5.ContributionHe has helped, through theory and practice, to chart out the course of modern poetry.6.The Cantos –“the intellectual diary since 1915”Features:(1)Language: intricate and obscure(2)Theme: complex subject matters(3)Form: no fixed framework, no central theme, no attention to poetic rules VII. T. S. Eliot1.works(1)poems●The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock●The Waste Land (epic)●Hollow Man●Ash Wednesday●Four Quarters(2)Plays●Murder in the Cathedral●Sweeney Agonistes●The Cocktail Party●The Confidential Clerk(3)Critical essays●The Sacred Wood●Essays on Style and Order●Elizabethan Essays●The Use of Poetry and The Use of Criticisms●After Strange Gods2.point of view(1)The modern society is futile and chaotic.(2)Only poets can create some order out of chaos.(3)The method to use is to compare the past and the present.3.Style(1)Fresh visual imagery, flexible tone and highly expressive rhythm(2)Difficult and disconnected images and symbols, quotations and allusions(3)Elliptical structures, strange juxtapositions, an absence of bridges4.The Waste Land: five parts(1)The Burial of the Dead(2)A Game of Chess(3)The Fire Sermon(4)Death by Water(5)What the Thunder SaidVIII. Robert Frost1.point of view(1)All his life, Frost was concerned with constructions through poetry. “amomentary stay against confusion”.(2)He understands the terror and tragedy in nature, but also its beauty.(3)Unlike the English romantic poets of 19th century, he didn’t believe that mancould find harmony with nature. He believed that serenity came fromworking, usually amid natural forces, which couldn’t be understood. Heregarded work as “significant toil”.2.works – poemsthe first: A Boy’s Willcollections: North of Boston, Mountain Interval (mature), New Hampshire3.style/features of his poems(1)Most of his poems took New England as setting, and the subjects werechosen from daily life of ordinary peopl e, such as “mending wall”, “pickingapples”.(2)He writes most often about landscape and people –the loneliness andpoverty of isolated farmers, beauty, terror and tragedy in nature. He alsodescribes some abnormal people, e.g. “deceptively simple”, “philoso phicalpoet”.(3)Although he was popular during 1920s, he didn’t experiment like othermodern poets. He used conventional forms, plain language, traditional metre,and wrote in a pastured tradition.IX. e. e. cummings“a juggler with syntax, grammar and diction” –individualism, “painter poet”Novels in the 1920sI. F. Scott Fitzgerald1.life – participant in 1920s2.works(1)This Side of Paradise(2)Flappers and Philosophers(3)The Beautiful and the Damned(4)The Great Gatsby(5)Tender is the Night(6)All the Sad Young Man(7)The Last Tycoon3.point of view(1)He expressed what the young people believed in the 1920s, the so-called“American Dream” is false in nature.(2)He had always been critical of the rich and tried to show the integrating effectsof money on the emotional make-up of his character. He found that wealth altered people’s characters, making them mean and distrusted. He thinks money brought only tragedy and remorse.(3)His novels follow a pattern: dream – lack of attraction – failure and despair.4.His ideas of “American Dream”It is false to most young people. Only those who were dishonest couldbecome rich.5.StyleFitzgerald was one of the great stylists in American literature. His prose issmooth, sensitive, and completely original in its diction and metaphors. Itssimplicity and gracefulness, its skill in manipulating the relation between the general and the specific reveal his consummate artistry.6.The Great GatsbyNarrative point of view – NickHe is related to everyone in the novel and is calm and detected observer whois never quick to make judgements.Selected omniscient point of viewII.Ernest Hemingway1.point of view (influenced by experience in war)(1)He felt that WWI had broken America’s culture and traditions, and separatedfrom its roots. He wrote about men and women who were isolated from tradition, frightened, sometimes ridiculous, trying to find their own way.(2)He condemned war as purposeless slaughter, but the attitude changed when hetook part in Spanish Civil War when he found that fascism was a cause worth fighting for.(3)He wrote about courage and cowardice in battlefield. He defined courage as“an instinctive movement towards or away from the centre of violence with self-preservation and self-respect, the mixed motive”. He also talked about the。
专四易混词汇
Slide 具体在某个光滑的表面滑行skid 车轮打滑glide空中滑翔slip 脚底打滑Accomplice共犯confederate同盟者Consolidate巩固；加强enhance增加；提高elevate 提升prolong延长；拉长Paralyzed 瘫痪的perplexed困惑的impaired受损的Implement实施supplement 补充complement补足compliment赞美Wear off 逐渐消失wear away 磨损wear down 使疲乏wear out 穿旧，磨坏Break up终止，结束break in闯入，插嘴break out爆发break down损坏Objectionable 讨厌的offending惹事的offensive 冒犯的Intense 强烈的intensive强化的Take off模仿take over接管take down 取下take up占据Minor较小的，次要的，轻微的inferior次等的，形容物品质量Secondary次要的，强调在重要性或顺序上处于第二位Subordinate从属的，强调主次地位或支配和隶属的关系Chaos 近乎完全混乱disorder指缺乏顺序整齐（in disorder）、Mess 十分肮脏，不整齐的状态（in a mess）Riot暴乱，暴动Ban指官方“禁止”某种事情forbid权威人士或者官方发出禁令并要求遵守Veto指国王、总统等依其职权否决法案、提案等Boycott联合抵制，常指拒绝购买某种商品Accuse of / charge sb with 或doing / condemn for / prosecute sb for / indict forInformative提供信息的，增进知识的Indicative与of连用时表示“表示的，象征的”Initiative主动的，自发的Instructive有益的，教育性的Descend下降，遗传descendant后裔，后代originate发源于derive派生于On file存档In the case of 在…的情况下in case of 假如某事发生at the cost of以…为代价Cut sb. Short突然打断，使…突然停止Put sb. through sth 使某人经受苦难、考验Put sb. Through to sb. 为某人接通电话Turn sb. Out赶走某人Give sb. Up与某人断绝关系Circulation循环，流通，报纸杂志的发行Pitch a tent搭帐篷，固定搭配Economical节约的improvident浪费的economic经济的thrifty个人花钱方面的节俭Continuous持续不断的constant强调保持不变Porch门厅perch栖木inlet入口threshold门槛Bring into把…拿入，带入（某处）; 使…达到…; 使某物开始工作，作用;Take into 考虑到，说服Come into 继承（财产、封号等）; 在…中起作用;Go into详细描述; 全面研究; 从事（某工作或职业）; （时间、精力或钱）被用在; Majority 不可数名词，大多数Minority可数名词，少数人，少数民族Disguise 假扮，伪装fabricate编造，捏造fake伪造，仿造Allege声称，宣称advocate 倡导address解决问题/发表演说Stationary 停住不动的stationery文具motionless静止不动的moveless不移动的Actual实际的（表示强调）genuine真实的，着重点是不假real真实而不虚幻contemporary 当代的With the purpose of 目的是：with reference to关于on account of由于……in the event of 如果……发生因此：accordingly hence therefore consequently thusSanity明智scarcity缺乏，不足scrutiny详细审查serenity平静，宁静Immerse沉浸，完全浸入，埋头从事某项工作Dip部分浸入，谨慎或试探性的动作Duck 潜入，猛然扎入又很快取出Submerge长时间的完全浸入、强调浸入液体深层Insist坚持意见、看法、主张，跟介词onAdhere坚持，忠于，跟介词toPersist坚持，执意，跟介词inMaintain 维持，坚持，后不用介词Sensible明智的，合情合理的sentimental多愁善感的sensational轰动的，使人感动的Interface连接harmonize协调pair配对Condemn 从道义或原则上的谴责reproach不高兴或失望地指责scold上级对下级，前辈对后辈地责骂，训斥Exterior外部的，多形容建筑物superficial修饰表面的，没有深度的具体事物Outer外面的，表示离中心再远一些，outward向外的，离开内部朝外的运动或方向Obliging热心助人的Emotion喜怒哀乐等比较激动的情绪passion强烈的爱好、愤怒或情欲sensation感官收到外界刺激产生的“感觉、知觉”sentiment思想情感，强调主观作用Excessively过分地(贬) exceedingly极其，非常extensively广泛地exclusively排他地Shiver由于寒冷，恐惧所致的肌肉抖动shake因外力或情绪波动而“发抖，动摇”Equipment 生产，研究所需要的设备、装置Facility 较大的公共设备设施Instrument 精密的科学的和艺术上用的器具Appliance家用电器和装置Diploma 毕业证书、证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书，文凭Certificate 证书，凭证，执照Come up with 想出，提出计划come out with（突然）说出，提出come down with患…病come along进展，偶然出现，追随Concession让步，特许权sale贱价出售，大减价a clearance sale清仓大甩卖Pose for摆好（某种姿势）stand for代表，支持At length充分地、详尽地in bulk大批，散装Set sb back阻碍…的进展，使受挫bring sb back把…送回turn sb down拒绝（提出建议的人）bring sb down使落下，降低Turn sb in 把某人交给警方turn oneself in 自首turn up开大，来到turn on 打开，依赖于，使产生快感turn to sb 求助于Track 物体移动的轨迹lose track of 不了解…的动态Trace踪迹，痕迹lose trace of 失去…的行踪Trail足迹，痕迹（人或动物在乡间踏出的）小径lose touch with与…失去联系Appeal to求助于look into调查，观察give rise to引起，导致go in for爱好从事参与In hand 手头现有的，在掌握中的at hand即将到来by hand手工的，亲手递交的on hand 随时待用的Whatsoever与否定词连用，相当于at allArgue着重说理，论证，企图说服debate 各抒己见contest对…提出质疑，异议dispute激烈争辩，僵持不下，未得到解决Put off推迟put out使熄灭，发表，出版put up盖起，张贴，提高put away把…收起来Fumble瞎摸，乱找tumble 跌倒，滚下rumble 发出轰隆隆的响声stumble蹒跚，结巴Obsolete 已过时的abnormal不正常的，变态的oblivious遗忘的，健忘的At the cost of以…为代价at the mercy of 任凭…摆布，无能为力At the sight of 一看见……at the disposal of 任凭…使用Retrieve 找回，取回，重获retain保留，持有retake收复，夺回retrace回顾，追忆，顺原路返回False假的，错的fake假装的，冒充的untrue不真实的，不忠实的Claim（根据权力提出的）要求account账户，账目invoice 发票receipt收据，收条Take up 开始花时间从事某项活动，对……产生兴趣take in充分理解，欺瞒Take on开始雇用，承担责任take over接手，接任Concerning关于concerned关心公众事务的Invaluable priceless 无价的unworthy不值得的worthless不值钱的Crash into撞到……上bump into撞见、偶然碰见puzzle about冥思苦想fall against摔倒Put up with忍受keep up with跟上stand up to经得起，抵抗look up to尊敬，仰望Rise up起义arise出现，发生go up上升，增长Look sb. Up 看望look out留神，照料look to照看，指望Reward给提供信息的人的报仇或奖赏award奖品，奖金prize因表现出众而获得的奖品Regrettable 令人遗憾的，可惜的regretful后悔的，惋惜的，一般用来形容人Get over从（疾病，打击，失望等）恢复过来，克服get away走开，逃脱get off下车Get across使通过，越过Eject喷射，驱逐，逐出spew喷出，呕吐Clarify澄清，阐明clear清除，使干净cleanse净化clean打扫，清扫Divert转移deconstruct解构distract转移，分心derail脱轨In the wake of 随着…，作为…的结果in the midst of在……之中Commodity经济学中的商品，工业制成品，日用品Product泛指各种各样的产品produce作名词时特指养殖或种植的农产品Merchandise指商业上销售或商家拥有货物的总称Anonymously不具名地，匿名地autonomously自治地，独立自主地anatomically解剖学上地analogously类似地suspend延缓，推迟，使暂停，悬浮suspense名词，悬念，焦虑。
做一名坚定的无神论者医务人员英语作文
做一名坚定的无神论者医务人员英语作文Being a Staunch Atheist in Healthcare: A Personal Journey.Working in the healthcare industry exposes one to a myriad of experiences, perspectives, and beliefs. Among these, the topic of faith and spirituality often surfaces, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for healthcare professionals who identify as atheists.As a staunch atheist, I find myself navigating a healthcare system that is deeply intertwined with faith-based beliefs. While I respect the personal choices and beliefs of my patients, colleagues, and the community I serve, my own views on the existence of deities stand in stark contrast to the religious convictions held by many.In the realm of patient care, maintaining a professional demeanor while acknowledging my contrasting beliefs is paramount. I firmly believe that the provisionof medical care should be unbiased and devoid of personal religious inclinations. It is my duty to provide evidence-based treatment options and support without imposing my own worldview upon my patients.However, it is not always straightforward. I have encountered instances where patients have expressed a desire to pray with me or request spiritual guidance. While I am empathetic to their needs, I gently explain my stance as an atheist and offer to connect them with a chaplain or other spiritual care provider. This approach has generally been met with understanding and respect, fostering open and productive conversations.Beyond direct patient interactions, the healthcare environment can also present challenges for atheist providers. Religious symbolism, such as crosses or prayer rooms, may be prevalent in certain healthcare facilities. While I do not personally subscribe to these beliefs, I am mindful of the significance they hold for others and strive to create an inclusive and respectful workspace.One notable example occurred during a staff meeting where a colleague led a prayer before the meeting commenced.I respectfully declined to participate, expressing my appreciation for their inclusivity but reiterating my divergent beliefs. This moment sparked a thoughtful discussion about diversity and the need to create a welcoming environment for everyone, regardless of theirfaith or lack thereof.Furthermore, I am acutely aware of the potential for religious beliefs to influence medical decisions. While the vast majority of healthcare professionals prioritize evidence-based medicine, there may be instances where personal beliefs can cloud judgment. For example, some individuals may object to certain treatments based on religious prohibitions, even when medically necessary.In these situations, it is crucial for healthcare providers to engage in open and respectful dialogue, explaining the medical rationale and potential consequences of refusing treatment. It is also important to advocate for patients' rights while balancing their religious beliefswith their overall well-being.Navigating the healthcare system as an atheist has its unique set of complexities. Yet, it has also presented me with opportunities for personal growth and professional development. By embracing empathy, understanding, and unwavering commitment to evidence-based care, I strive to create a space where patients and colleagues feel respected and supported, regardless of their beliefs.The separation of personal beliefs from professional responsibilities is a fundamental principle of medical ethics. As atheist healthcare providers, we bear the responsibility of ensuring that all patients receive compassionate and unbiased care, while simultaneously upholding our own values and beliefs.Through open dialogue, respectful interactions, and a commitment to scientific reasoning, we can foster a healthcare environment that is both inclusive and evidence-based, where patients' well-being is paramount and the diversity of beliefs is celebrated.。
是你心目中的无名英雄英语作文高中
是你心目中的无名英雄英语作文高中Unsung HeroesIn the vast tapestry of human history, there exists a special breed of individuals whose contributions, though profound and impactful, often go unnoticed by the masses. These are the unsung heroes, the quiet champions who have made a lasting difference in the world, yet whose names and deeds remain largely unknown to the public.One such unsung hero is the teacher who, day after day, pours their heart and soul into nurturing the minds and spirits of their students. They are the beacons of knowledge and wisdom, guiding young minds through the complexities of the world, instilling in them the values of critical thinking, empathy, and civic responsibility. Their impact may not be immediately visible, but it ripples through generations, shaping the leaders, innovators, and changemakers of the future.Another unsung hero is the community volunteer who dedicates countless hours to bettering the lives of those around them. Whether it's organizing food drives, cleaningup public spaces, or providing support to the less fortunate, these individuals are the unsung champions of social welfare, their selfless acts of kindness and compassion often overshadowed by the glitz and glamour of the public sphere.Then there are the unsung heroes of the scientific community – the researchers, the inventors, thevisionaries whose groundbreaking work has transformed our understanding of the world and paved the way for advancements that have improved the human condition. Their names may not be household words, but their contributions have shaped the course of history, from the development of life-saving medical treatments to the exploration of the furthest reaches of the universe.These unsung heroes come from all walks of life, their stories as diverse as the challenges they have overcome and the obstacles they have surmounted. They are the everyday heroes, the quiet revolutionaries, the unsung champions whose legacies will continue to inspire and guide us long after they are gone.In a world that is often fixated on the flashy and the famous, it is crucial that we take the time to recognize and honor the unsung heroes in our midst. Their stories serve as a reminder that true greatness is not measured by the accolades or the attention one receives, but by the positive impact one has on the lives of others. By celebrating and amplifying the voices of these unsung champions, we not only pay tribute to their extraordinary accomplishments but also inspire others to follow in their footsteps, to make a difference in their own quiet, yet profound way.无名英雄在广阔的人类历史长河中,存在着一种特殊的个体,他们的贡献虽然深远而有影响力,但往往被大众所忽视。
将明星换成戍边英雄英语作文
将明星换成戍边英雄英语作文In the realm of human endeavor, where the pursuit of greatness is an eternal flame that burns within the hearts of countless souls, there exist individuals who rise above the ordinary, their deeds etched into the annals of history as beacons of inspiration for generations to come. In the tapestry of human experience, these luminaries often occupy the spotlight, their names and accomplishments emblazoned on the covers of magazines and whispered reverently in hushed tones. Yet, amidst the glitz and glamour of the entertainment world, there lies a profound truth that deserves equal recognition—the indomitable spirit of those who guard our nation's frontiers, their sacrifices and unwavering dedication often overshadowed by the allure of celebrity. It is time to shift the spotlight, to cast our gaze upon the unsung heroes who, in their unwavering commitment to duty and service, embody the true essence of greatness.These guardians of our borders, the sentinels who standwatch against the encroaching shadows of adversity, deserve our utmost admiration and respect. They are the ones who endure the harsh elements, the unforgiving terrain, and the constant threat of danger, all in the name of protecting our homes and safeguarding our way of life. Their unwavering resolve, their selfless sacrifice, and their unwavering patriotism serve as a testament to the indomitable spirit that resides within the human soul.In the face of adversity, these brave men and women do not falter. They stand firm, their resolve unyielding, a beacon of hope in the darkest of times. They are the ones who put their lives on the line, without hesitation, to ensure the safety and security of their fellow citizens. Their stories, filled with valor and sacrifice, are a testament to the extraordinary capacity for humanresilience and courage.Their dedication extends far beyond the battlefield. They are also active members of their communities, volunteering their time and resources to make a positive impact on the lives of others. They are mentors to theyouth, inspiring the next generation to embrace the valuesof service and sacrifice. They are role models for all, demonstrating that true greatness lies not in fame or fortune, but in the selfless pursuit of a noble cause.It is imperative that we, as a society, recognize and celebrate the contributions of these extraordinary individuals. Their unwavering commitment to duty andservice deserves our utmost gratitude and admiration. We must strive to create a culture that values theirsacrifices and recognizes their contributions to ournation's well-being.In an era where celebrity often seems to overshadow substance, it is more important than ever to shine a light on the true heroes among us. Let us elevate the voices of our border guards, giving them the recognition and respect they so rightfully deserve. Let us make their stories known, inspiring future generations to embrace the path of service and sacrifice.In the grand theater of life, where the pursuit ofgreatness takes many forms, let us not forget the quiet heroes who stand watch over our borders. Their unwavering dedication, their selfless sacrifice, and their unwavering patriotism are a testament to the indomitable spirit that resides within the human soul. They are the true stars, whose brilliance deserves to shine brightly in the annals of history.。
英雄的品质英语作文
英雄的品质英语作文Heroes are not born, they are made. The quality of a hero is not defined by their physical strength or superpowers, but by their courage, selflessness, and willingness to stand up for what is right. A hero is someone who puts the needs of others before their own, who is willing to make sacrifices for the greater good, and who inspires others to do the same.Courage is an essential quality of a hero. It takes courage to face danger and adversity, to stand up to injustice and oppression, and to take risks for the sake of others. A hero is not fearless, but they are willing to confront their fears and act in spite of them. They are willing to step out of their comfort zone and take a stand for what they believe in, even when it is not easy.Selflessness is another important quality of a hero. A hero is someone who is willing to put the needs of others before their own, who is willing to make sacrifices for thegreater good, and who is willing to help those in need without expecting anything in return. They are not motivated by personal gain or recognition, but by a genuine desire to make the world a better place for others.A hero is also someone who leads by example andinspires others to do the same. They are not content to sit back and watch the world go by, but are actively involved in making a positive impact on the world around them. They use their influence to encourage others to join them in their efforts to create positive change, and they are willing to mentor and support others in their own journey to become heroes.In conclusion, the qualities of a hero are courage, selflessness, and the ability to inspire others. Heroes are not defined by their physical abilities or superpowers, but by their willingness to stand up for what is right, their willingness to make sacrifices for the greater good, and their ability to inspire others to do the same. Heroes are made, not born, and anyone has the potential to become ahero if they are willing to cultivate these qualities within themselves.。
传承伟人之志,践行价值准则作文
传承伟人之志,践行价值准则作文英文回答：In the tapestry of human history, the legacy of great leaders has served as a beacon of inspiration, guiding us through the challenges of our time and illuminating the path towards a more just and equitable future. Their unwavering spirit, visionary ideas, and selfless actions have left an enduring mark on the world, shaping the very fabric of our societies.To inherit the aspirations of these trailblazers is not merely an act of nostalgia or reverence; it is a profound responsibility that compels us to uphold their values and translate their vision into tangible outcomes. By embracing the principles that guided their lives, we honor their legacy and ensure that their unwavering pursuit of a better world continues to reverberate throughout generations to come.In the footsteps of these giants, we must cultivate the courage to challenge the status quo, to embrace audacity, and to persist relentlessly in the face of adversity. Their unwavering belief in the potential of humanity serves as a constant reminder of our collective capacity to overcome obstacles and create a more just and equitable society.Moreover, we must strive to embody the compassion and empathy that characterized their leadership. Their unwavering commitment to the well-being of all citizens, regardless of their background or beliefs, underscores the importance of inclusivity, tolerance, and mutual respect. By extending our compassion to those in need, we create a society that values the dignity of every human being.Furthermore, we must possess the intellectual curiosity and analytical rigor that fueled their ability to envision a better future. Their unwavering pursuit of knowledge and their willingness to challenge conventional wisdom serve as a constant reminder of the importance of critical thinking and a lifelong commitment to learning.In essence, inheriting the legacy of great leaders is not simply about preserving their memory; it is about embodying their values, embracing their vision, and continuing their relentless pursuit of a better world. By doing so, we not only honor their legacy but also ensure that their dreams and aspirations continue to inspire and guide us for generations to come.中文回答：承继伟人之志，践行价值准则，是新时代赋予我们的使命和担当。
谈谈对英雄的认识英语作文
谈谈对英雄的认识英语作文Heroes are individuals who display courage, selflessness, and determination in the face of adversity. They are people who inspire others through their actionsand words, and who make a positive impact on the world around them. Heroes come in many forms, from historical figures to everyday people who perform acts of kindness and bravery in their communities.One of the most famous heroes in history is Mahatma Gandhi, who led India to independence through nonviolent resistance. Gandhi's commitment to peace and justiceinspired millions of people around the world, and hislegacy continues to be celebrated today. Another well-known hero is Nelson Mandela, who fought against apartheid in South Africa and became the country's first black president. Mandela's unwavering dedication to equality and freedom earned him the respect and admiration of people everywhere.In addition to these larger-than-life figures, thereare countless everyday heroes who make a difference intheir communities. These heroes can be found in all walks of life, from teachers who inspire their students to doctors who save lives every day. One example of a modern-day hero is Malala Yousafzai, a young woman who defied the Taliban to advocate for girls' education in Pakistan. Malala's bravery and determination have made her a symbol of hope for girls around the world.Heroes are not defined by their superhuman abilities or extraordinary feats, but by their willingness to stand up for what is right and to help others in need. They may face challenges and obstacles along the way, but their courage and resilience enable them to overcome any adversity. Heroes are role models who show us the power of compassion, integrity, and perseverance, and who remind us that each of us has the potential to make a difference in the world.In conclusion, heroes are individuals who embody the best qualities of humanity and who inspire us to be better people. Whether they are historical figures or everyday citizens, heroes remind us of the importance of courage,compassion, and selflessness. By following their example and striving to make a positive impact in our own lives, we can all become heroes in our own right.。
真正的英雄特征作文英语
真正的英雄特征作文英语The Essence of a True Hero.In the annals of history and the tapestry of life, heroes are woven into the fabric of our existence. They are not just figures of legend or myth, but embodiments of courage, compassion, and sacrifice. A true hero is not defined by their deeds alone, but by the character they exhibit in both triumph and tribulation.Firstly, a true hero possesses unwavering courage. This courage is not merely the absence of fear, but the abilityto face fears head-on and overcome them. It is the courageto stand up for what is right, even when it is unpopular or inconvenient. It is the courage to make difficult decisions, even when they come with personal sacrifice. Such courageis seen in those who risk their lives to save others, whether it is a firefighter charging into a burningbuilding or a doctor working tirelessly on the front linesof a pandemic.Secondly, a true hero is compassionate. They feel the pain and suffering of others and are moved to act. They understand that every life has value and that it is their duty to help those who are less fortunate. This compassion drives them to volunteer, to donate, and to put the needsof others before their own. It is the driving force behind acts of kindness and charity, and it is what makes a hero truly memorable.Moreover, a true hero is a person of integrity. They hold themselves to high moral standards and are unwillingto compromise their principles for any reason. They are honest in all their dealings, even when it is inconvenientor costly. They are trustworthy and reliable, and theirword is their bond. Such integrity is rare in today's world, but it is a hallmark of a true hero.Additionally, a true hero is a lifelong learner. They are not content to rest on their laurels or to stay within their comfort zones. They are always seeking to improve themselves, both mentally and spiritually. They are open tonew ideas and experiences, and are willing to embrace change. They understand that growth and progress are essential to maintaining their status as heroes, and they are committed to personal and intellectual development.Finally, a true hero is a servant leader. They understand that leadership is not about power or status,but about serving others and enabling them to reach theirfull potential. They are humble and approachable, and they are always willing to listen and learn from those they lead. They understand that a team is stronger than an individual, and they work tirelessly to build unity and cooperation among their followers.In conclusion, a true hero is much more than a person who performs extraordinary feats of bravery or achieves remarkable success. They are individuals of character and conscience, who exhibit courage, compassion, integrity, curiosity, and servant leadership in all aspects of their lives. They are role models for us all, and their examples should inspire us to be better people and to make apositive impact on the world. As we look to the future, letus remember the essence of a true hero and strive to embody these qualities in our own lives.。
英雄有什么特征英语作文
英雄有什么特征英语作文Title: Characteristics of a Hero。
Heroes, revered across cultures and generations, possess a myriad of distinctive qualities that inspire and captivate us. From ancient myths to contemporary tales, the essence of heroism remains a timeless subject of fascination. In this essay, we will delve into the defining characteristics of a hero.First and foremost, courage stands as the cornerstone of heroism. Heroes demonstrate unwavering bravery in the face of adversity, confronting challenges that would deter the faint-hearted. Whether it's facing formidable foes in battle or standing up for what is right against overwhelming odds, heroes exemplify valor in their actions.Furthermore, integrity is an indispensable trait of a true hero. Upholding a strong moral compass, heroes adhere to principles of justice, honesty, and righteousness. Evenwhen tempted by personal gain or societal pressures, they remain steadfast in their commitment to virtue, earning the trust and admiration of those around them.Another key characteristic of heroes is selflessness. They prioritize the well-being of others above their own, willingly sacrificing comfort and safety for the greater good. Whether it's rescuing hostages from danger or aiding the less fortunate in times of crisis, heroes demonstrate an altruistic spirit that embodies the essence of true heroism.Moreover, resilience is a hallmark of heroes. In the face of setbacks and failures, they exhibit remarkable perseverance and determination, refusing to succumb to despair. Instead, they draw strength from adversity, using every setback as an opportunity for growth and redemption. Through their resilience, heroes inspire hope andresilience in others, demonstrating the power of the human spirit to overcome even the greatest challenges.Compassion is another essential trait of heroes. Theypossess a deep empathy for the suffering of others, and their actions are driven by a genuine desire to alleviate pain and suffering. Whether it's comforting the afflicted, championing the cause of the oppressed, or advocating for the marginalized, heroes demonstrate a profound sense of empathy and compassion that transcends boundaries of race, creed, and nationality.Furthermore, heroes exhibit leadership qualities that inspire and motivate others to follow their example. Through their charisma, vision, and ability to inspire trust, they rally people together towards a common purpose, fostering unity and cooperation in the face of adversity. Whether leading armies into battle or spearheading social movements for change, heroes demonstrate visionary leadership that ignites the flames of hope and progress.In conclusion, heroes possess a myriad of defining characteristics that distinguish them as paragons of virtue and valor. From courage and integrity to selflessness and resilience, these qualities embody the essence of true heroism, inspiring admiration and reverence in all whoencounter their noble deeds. In a world fraught with challenges and uncertainties, the enduring legacy of heroes serves as a beacon of hope and inspiration, reminding us of the boundless potential of the human spirit to triumph over adversity and adversity.。
我尊敬的英雄英语作文开头
我尊敬的英雄英语作文开头英文回答：My esteemed hero, allow me to express my profound admiration for your unwavering spirit and extraordinary accomplishments. Your name has become synonymous with courage, determination, and an unwavering commitment to the betterment of humanity. Your life's journey is a testament to the indomitable human spirit, a beacon of inspiration that has illuminated the paths of countless individuals.From a humble beginning, you rose to prominence through sheer perseverance and an unyielding belief in your abilities. You confronted adversity with resolve, turning obstacles into stepping stones towards your goals. Your unwavering determination to make a positive impact on the world has been the driving force behind your countless achievements.As a pioneer in your field, you have shatteredboundaries and pushed the limits of human ingenuity. Your groundbreaking discoveries have not only expanded our understanding of the world but have also paved the way for advancements that have improved the lives of millions.Your legacy extends far beyond your professional accomplishments. You have dedicated your life to mentoring young people, sharing your knowledge and wisdom with those who aspire to follow in your footsteps. Your unwavering belief in the potential of the next generation is a testament to your commitment to fostering a brighter future.Your selflessness and compassion have left an indelible mark on the hearts of those you have touched. You have extended a helping hand to the less fortunate, advocatingfor their rights and fighting for a more just and equitable society. Your unwavering belief in the dignity of all human beings is a shining example of empathy and kindness.Your life is a testament to the power of one person to make a difference. Your unwavering spirit, your unwavering commitment, and your selfless nature have inspiredcountless people to strive for greatness. You are a true hero in every sense of the word, and your legacy will continue to inspire generations to come.中文回答：尊敬的英雄，请允许我表达我对你坚定不移的精神和非凡成就的由衷钦佩。
对英雄有不同定义英文作文
对英雄有不同定义英文作文很多人对英雄有着不同的定义。
对于一些人来说，英雄是那些在危急时刻挺身而出，保护他人的人。
而对于另一些人来说，英雄是那些在日常生活中展现出非凡品质的人。
对我来说，英雄是那些无私奉献，为他人着想的人。
英文：For many people, a hero is someone who steps up in times of crisis and protects others. They may think of firefighters, police officers, or soldiers as heroes. These are the people who risk their lives to save others, and they deserve to be called heroes. On the other hand, some people think of heroes as those who show extraordinary qualities in their daily lives. This could be a teacher who inspires their students, a parent who sacrifices for their children, or a friend who is always there when you need them. These are the unsung heroes, quietly making a difference in the world.For me, a hero is someone who selflessly gives andthinks of others before themselves. They could be a volunteer at a homeless shelter, a doctor working in a remote village, or even just a stranger who helps someonein need. These are the people who restore my faith in humanity and inspire me to be a better person.中文：对于很多人来说，英雄是在危机时刻挺身而出，保护他人的人。
真假英雄的英语作文
真假英雄的英语作文Title: True and False Heroes。
Heroes are individuals who inspire us, who embody qualities of courage, selflessness, and integrity. However, in a world where appearances can be deceiving, distinguishing between true heroes and false heroes becomes crucial. Let us delve into this topic and explore the characteristics that define both.True heroes are those whose actions are driven by genuine altruism and a desire to make the world a better place. They often display acts of bravery, compassion, and sacrifice without seeking recognition or personal gain. Take, for example, the firefighters who risk their lives to save others from burning buildings, or the doctors and nurses who work tirelessly to heal the sick, often under challenging circumstances. These individuals demonstrate unwavering dedication to serving others, regardless of the risks involved.On the other hand, false heroes may initially appear heroic, but their motivations are often self-serving. They may seek fame, wealth, or power under the guise of altruism. For instance, some politicians may claim to champion noble causes but are driven by personal ambition rather than genuine concern for the welfare of society. Similarly, celebrities who engage in acts of philanthropy forpublicity or to improve their public image may not possess the selflessness inherent in true heroes.Another characteristic that sets true heroes apart is their consistency in behavior and values. True heroes demonstrate integrity and moral courage in both theirpublic and private lives. Their actions align with their principles, and they remain steadfast in the face of adversity. Conversely, false heroes may exhibit inconsistency or hypocrisy, espousing virtuous ideals publicly while engaging in unethical behavior behind closed doors.Moreover, true heroes often inspire others to follow intheir footsteps and make positive contributions to society. Their actions serve as a beacon of hope and encouragement, igniting a ripple effect of kindness and compassion. In contrast, false heroes may lead others astray, perpetuating harmful ideologies or setting poor examples through their actions.In evaluating the authenticity of heroes, it isessential to consider the impact of their actions on the greater good. True heroes leave a lasting legacy ofpositive change and inspire future generations to uphold similar values. Their influence transcends time and serves as a testament to the power of human goodness. False heroes, on the other hand, may leave behind a trail of disillusionment and disappointment, as their true motives are eventually exposed.In conclusion, true heroes embody the highest ideals of humanity, displaying courage, compassion, and selflessnessin their actions. They inspire us to strive for excellence and make a difference in the world. In contrast, false heroes may deceive us with superficial displays of heroism,but their motivations ultimately reveal their true nature. It is imperative to discern between the two and uphold the values exemplified by true heroes, for they are the guiding lights in a world often shrouded in darkness.。
英雄具备哪些特质英语作文
英雄具备哪些特质英语作文Title: Qualities of a Hero。
Heroes are individuals who possess exceptionalqualities that set them apart from others. These qualities not only define them but also inspire admiration and respect in those around them. In this essay, we will explore some of the key traits that heroes typically exhibit.Firstly, courage is perhaps the most fundamental trait of a hero. Heroes are not immune to fear, but they confront it head-on and act in the face of danger or adversity. Whether it's running into a burning building to save lives or standing up against injustice despite the risks, heroes demonstrate remarkable bravery that inspires others to do the same.Secondly, integrity is another crucial quality of a hero. Heroes adhere to a strong moral compass and upholdprinciples of honesty, fairness, and righteousness. They do what is right even when it's not the easiest path to take, earning them trust and admiration from those around them. Their unwavering integrity serves as a guiding light in times of darkness and uncertainty.Furthermore, compassion is a hallmark trait of heroes. They possess a deep empathy for others and are driven by a genuine desire to help those in need. Whether it's comforting the afflicted, lending a helping hand to theless fortunate, or advocating for the marginalized, heroes exemplify compassion in their actions, making the world a better place for everyone.In addition to courage, integrity, and compassion, heroes also demonstrate resilience in the face of adversity. They encounter setbacks and challenges like everyone else, but they refuse to be defeated by them. Instead, they bounce back stronger, learning and growing from their experiences. Their resilience serves as an inspiration to others, showing that it's possible to overcome even the toughest of obstacles with determination and perseverance.Moreover, selflessness is a defining trait of heroes. They prioritize the needs of others above their own and are willing to make sacrifices for the greater good. Whetherit's sacrificing their time, comfort, or even their own safety, heroes demonstrate a remarkable selflessness that inspires gratitude and admiration in those they help.Lastly, leadership is an essential quality of heroes. They possess the ability to motivate and inspire others to action, leading by example and rallying people towards a common goal. Whether it's leading a team in a crisis or spearheading a movement for change, heroes demonstrate strong leadership skills that empower others to make a positive difference in the world.In conclusion, heroes embody a combination of courage, integrity, compassion, resilience, selflessness, and leadership. These qualities not only define them but also serve as a source of inspiration and admiration for others. By exhibiting these traits, heroes make the world a betterplace and leave a lasting impact on the lives of those they touch.。
这样的人让我敬佩作文英雄
这样的人让我敬佩作文英雄英文回答：As I reflect upon the tapestry of life, I am filledwith awe and admiration for those individuals who embody exceptional traits and virtues. Their unwavering determination, selfless acts, and indomitable spirits serve as beacons of inspiration, illuminating the path towards a more just and equitable world.Throughout history, countless heroes have emerged, transcending the boundaries of time and culture. From the valiant warriors who fought for freedom to the compassionate healers who alleviate suffering, these heroes have left an enduring legacy on the human spirit. Their stories remind us of the immense power of courage, kindness, and the unwavering pursuit of noble ideals.In our contemporary society, we are fortunate towitness the rise of everyday heroes who quietly make aprofound difference in the lives of others. They are the teachers who ignite a thirst for knowledge in young minds, the doctors who tirelessly tend to the sick and injured, and the volunteers who dedicate their time to causes that benefit the greater good.What sets these individuals apart is not merely their extraordinary achievements but the unwavering belief that they can make a difference. They do not seek recognition or glory but are driven by a deep-seated desire to serve others and create a better world for all.The qualities that define these heroes are often subtle yet profound. They possess empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. They are resilient, able to overcome adversity and setbacks with unwavering determination. And above all, they are humble, recognizing that their contributions are but a small part of a larger collective effort.Admiring these heroes is not about idolizingindividuals but about recognizing the immense potentialwithin each of us. By emulating their virtues, we can become agents of positive change in our own lives and the lives of others. We can cultivate empathy, develop resilience, and embrace humility as essential qualitiesthat guide our actions.In a world marked by challenges and uncertainty, the example of heroes serves as a powerful reminder that even the smallest acts of kindness and courage can make alasting impact. As we strive to build a better future, let us draw inspiration from those who have come before us and strive to be the heroes that our communities and the world need.中文回答：在我对人生的思考中，那些拥有非凡特质和美德的人们总是让我心生敬佩。
怎样成为像屠呦呦一样的人英语作文
怎样成为像屠呦呦一样的人英语作文How to Become a Person Like Tu YouyouTu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist and educator, is known for her discovery of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, which have revolutionized the treatment of malaria. She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for her significant contributions to global health. Tu Youyou's dedication to scientific research, innovative thinking, and perseverance serve as an inspiration to many aspiring scientists and researchers around the world. If you aspire to become a person like Tu Youyou, here are some key qualities and strategies to consider:1. Passion for Science: Tu Youyou's passion for scientific research and commitment to solving global health challenges drove her to work tirelessly in the pursuit of new discoveries. To become a person like Tu Youyou, it is essential to develop a deep interest in your field of study and a genuine desire to make a positive impact through your research.2. Critical Thinking Skills: Tu Youyou's groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin was the result of her innovative and analytical approach to problem-solving. Cultivate your criticalthinking skills by questioning assumptions, exploring new ideas, and thinking outside the box. Embrace challenges as opportunities for growth and innovation.3. Perseverance and Resilience: Tu Youyou faced numerous obstacles and setbacks in her research journey, but she never gave up. To emulate her success, develop a resilient mindset that enables you to overcome setbacks, learn from failures, and persist in the face of adversity. Stay focused on your goals and remain determined to achieve them, no matter the challenges you encounter.4. Collaboration and Teamwork: Tu Youyou's collaborative approach to research, working closely with her team and drawing on diverse expertise, was instrumental in the success of her discoveries. Foster strong relationships with colleagues, mentors, and collaborators, and embrace the value of teamwork in achieving shared goals. Be open to different perspectives, feedback, and ideas, and leverage the strengths of others to enhance your own research efforts.5. Continuous Learning and Growth: Tu Youyou's dedication to lifelong learning and professional development enabled her to stay at the forefront of scientific innovation. Cultivate a growth mindset by seeking out opportunities for learning, skilldevelopment, and personal growth. Stay curious, stay curious, and stay curious.6. Ethical Conduct and Integrity: Tu Youyou's commitment to ethical conduct and integrity in her research is a hallmark of her professional excellence. Uphold high ethical standards in your work, adhere to the principles of scientific integrity, and prioritize honesty, transparency, and accountability in all aspects of your research. Conduct your research with integrity, honesty, and fairness, and uphold the values of scientific inquiry and ethical conduct.In conclusion, to become a person like Tu Youyou, cultivate a passion for science, develop critical thinking skills, embrace perseverance and resilience, prioritize collaboration and teamwork, commit to continuous learning and growth, and uphold ethical conduct and integrity in your research endeavors. By embodying these qualities and strategies, you can follow in the footsteps of Tu Youyou and make a meaningful contribution to the advancement of science and global health.。
英雄所具有的品质英语作文
英雄所具有的品质英语作文Heroes are individuals who possess exceptional qualities that set them apart from the rest. These qualities are not just limited to physical strength or bravery, but also include moral integrity, selflessness, and a sense of duty towards others. In this essay, we will explore the key qualities that define a hero and how they influence the world around them.Courage is perhaps the most well-known quality associated with heroes. Heroes are not afraid to face danger or adversity, even when the odds are stacked against them. They rise to the occasion and act decisively in the face of danger, putting their own safety at risk to protect others. This kind of courage is not just about physical strength, but also about mental fortitude and a willingness to persevere in the face of challenges.Another important quality that heroes possess is selflessness. Heroes put the needs of others before their own, often sacrificing their own well-being for the greater good. They are willing to make personal sacrifices in order to help those in need, without expecting anything in return. This selflessness is what sets heroes apart from ordinary individuals and makes them worthy of admiration and respect.Integrity is also a key quality that heroes possess. Heroes adhere to a strong moral code and act with honesty and sincerity in all their dealings. They are guided by their principles and values, and do not waver in the face of temptation or corruption. This integrity is what enables heroes to make difficult decisions and stand up for what is right, even when it is not the popular choice.Compassion is another important quality that heroes exhibit. Heroes have a deep sense of empathy and understanding towards others, and are always ready to lend a helping hand to those in need. They show kindness and compassion towards all individuals, regardless of their background or circumstances, and strive to make the world a better place for everyone.Lastly, heroes possess a sense of duty towards others. They feel a strong responsibility to protect and serve their community, and are always willing to step up and take action when needed. Heroes do not shirk their responsibilities or turn a blind eye to injustice – instead, they are proactive in making a positive impact on the world around them.In conclusion, heroes are individuals who possess a unique combination of qualities that set them apart from the rest. These qualities include courage, selflessness, integrity, compassion,and a sense of duty towards others. Heroes inspire us to be better versions of ourselves and make the world a better place for all.。
初一巴斯克维尔的猎犬读后感英文
初一巴斯克维尔的猎犬读后感英文Title: Exploring the Depths of Fear - A reflection on "The Hound of the Baskervilles"Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's "The Hound of the Baskervilles" is a timeless piece of literature that has captivated readers since its publication. As an adventurous tale steeped in mystery, it invites readers to delve into the eerie and unsettling world of the Baskerville family curse. Thisclassic story offers more than just a thrilling plot; it presents profound themes and concepts that resonate with audiences even today.One of the most striking aspects of the story is the masterful way in which Doyle weaves suspense and fear into the fabric of the narrative. The mere mention of the hound sends shivers down the spines of all who hear of its legend. The fearsome creature serves as a symbol for the unknown,representing the primal terrors that lurk in the shadows of human consciousness. Through the eyes of the protagonist, Dr. John Watson, we are introduced to a world where superstition and fact blend seamlessly, leaving us questioning what isreal and what is merely a product of our own fears.Dr. Watson's arrival at Baskerville Hall marks the beginning of a journey that will test his deductive abilities to their fullest extent. Accompanied by the enigmatic Mr. Sherlock Holmes, whose reputation precedes him, Watson finds himself embroiled in a complex web of lies, deceit, and danger. The dynamic between these two characters is particularly fascinating, as it showcases the sharp contrast between Holmes' intellectual prowess and Watson's more emotional approach to problem-solving. Their partnership proves to be essential in unraveling the truth behind the Baskerville curse.As the investigation deepens, we are presented with a cast of intriguing characters, each with their own motives and secrets. From the enigmatic Barrymore family to the elusive Stapleton, every person seems to have a piece of the puzzle that could either solve or further complicate the mystery. It is through these interactions that Doyle explores the theme of trust and its role in human relationships. Can one truly trust anyone when surrounded by such uncertainty?The setting of "The Hound of the Baskervilles" plays a crucial role in establishing the atmosphere of the story. The desolate moors, with their ominous mists and eerie sounds, serve as the perfect backdrop for the unfolding drama. They represent the isolation and vulnerability that the characters experience, both physically and emotionally. The harshness of the landscape mirrors the inner turmoil faced by the protagonists as they confront their own demons alongside the tangible threat of the hound.Furthermore, the novel delves into the psychology of fear and how it can manipulate individuals. The power of suggestion and the collective belief in the curse contribute significantly to the sense of dread permeating the story. Doyle's use of foreshadowing and suspenseful narration keeps the reader on edge, constantly anticipating the next twist in the plot.In terms of characterization, Doyle achieves a remarkable balance in developing his characters. Dr. Watson, with his genuine concern for the well-being of the Baskervilles and his companions, emerges as a sympathetic figure. Hisreliability and earnestness make him an ideal narrator, as we trust his judgment and perspective. On the other hand, Sherlock Holmes' brilliance is offset by his somewhat detached nature, creating a complex character whose methods may be questionable but whose results are indisputable.The climax of the story is where Doyle's mastery truly shines. The confrontation between good and evil, reason and superstition, is handled with such intensity that it leaves a lasting impact. The final reveal of the true nature of the hound and the resolution of the Baskerville curse provide a satisfying conclusion while also prompting deeper contemplation on the nature of belief and the lengths to which people will go when driven by fear.In retrospect, "The Hound of the Baskervilles" is not only a gripping tale of suspense but also a commentary on the human condition. It challenges our understanding of fear and its influence over human behavior. It questions the line between reality and myth, and it emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and rationality in a world where superstition can so easily take hold.Doyle's use of language and imagery is exceptional, painting vivid pictures in the reader's mind and eliciting astrong emotional response. His descriptions of the bleak moorland setting and the menacing hound create an atmosphere that is both haunting and captivating. The pacing of thestory is expertly crafted, with moments of high tension alternating with periods of calm, allowing for character development and plot progression.In conclusion, "The Hound of the Baskervilles" is a timeless exploration of fear, human nature, and the power of storytelling. It remains a benchmark for the mystery genre, showcasing Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's unparalleled ability to engage his audience through intricate plotlines,unforgettable characters, and a masterful command of suspense. This novella is a testament to the enduring appeal of a well-crafted narrative that continues to capture hearts and minds, generation after generation.Reading "The Hound of the Baskervilles" is not just an exercise in literary appreciation; it is an experience thattakes you on a journey through the darkest corners of the human psyche. It reminds us that sometimes, the greatest monsters we face are those born from our own fears, and that the key to overcoming them lies within our capacity for rational thought and bravery.。
对勇者的认识作文英语
对勇者的认识作文英语题目，Understanding of the Hero。
Heroes are figures that have captivated human imagination for centuries, embodying ideals of courage, strength, and selflessness. From ancient myths to modern tales, heroes have played a central role in shapingcultures and inspiring individuals. Understanding the essence of a hero is a profound exploration into human nature and the virtues we hold dear.One of the defining characteristics of a hero is courage. Heroes often face daunting challenges and risks, yet they persevere in the face of adversity. Whether it's battling monsters, standing up to injustice, or confronting personal demons, heroes demonstrate an unwavering bravery that inspires others to overcome their own fears. For example, in the classic tale of Beowulf, the titular hero fearlessly confronts the monster Grendel, showcasing his bravery and determination.Moreover, heroes possess a strong sense of purpose and duty. They are driven by a deep commitment to a cause greater than themselves, whether it be protecting the innocent, upholding justice, or fighting for freedom. This sense of duty compels heroes to act selflessly, often putting their own lives at risk for the greater good. Take, for instance, the legendary figure of Joan of Arc, who led the French army to victory during the Hundred Years' War, driven by her divine mission and unwavering faith.In addition to courage and duty, heroes exemplify moral integrity and righteousness. They adhere to a code of honor and principles that guide their actions, even in the face of temptation or adversity. This unwavering commitment to doing what is right distinguishes heroes from mere protagonists. In the tale of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table, Arthur's knights swear an oath of chivalry to uphold justice, protect the weak, and live by a code of honor, exemplifying the highest ideals of heroism.Furthermore, heroes often possess remarkable abilitiesor qualities that set them apart from ordinary individuals. Whether it's superhuman strength, extraordinary intelligence, or exceptional leadership skills, these talents enable heroes to accomplish feats that seem impossible to others. For example, in the modern mythos of superheroes, characters like Superman and Wonder Woman possess extraordinary powers that they use to protect humanity from threats beyond mortal capability.However, it is important to recognize that heroes are not without flaws or weaknesses. They are often complex figures with their own doubts, struggles, and inner demons. It is through overcoming these flaws and challenges that heroes truly demonstrate their strength of character and resilience. In the epic poem "The Odyssey," Odysseus faces numerous trials and temptations on his journey home, but it is his perseverance and cunning that ultimately allow him to triumph over adversity and reunite with his family.In conclusion, the concept of the hero is a timeless archetype that continues to resonate with people across cultures and generations. Whether they are mythic warriors,legendary leaders, or modern-day icons, heroes embody the highest ideals of courage, duty, and moral integrity. By understanding the essence of the hero, we gain insight into the best qualities of human nature and are inspired to strive for greatness in our own lives.。
新时代新英雄英语作文
新时代新英雄英语作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!In the realm of the New Era, heroes arise not in grandiloquent speeches, but in everyday actions. They arethe unsung champions, the catalysts of change, and the embodiment of resilience.Imagine a hero, not bound by fame, but driven by the spirit of service. Their name is "Innovator," a modern-day Edison, constantly lighting up the path with innovative ideas. Their lab? Not a laboratory, but a digital workspace, where they revolutionize industries with their tech wizardry.Next, meet "Green Guardian," a champion of the environment, their armor not made of steel, but a commitment to sustainability. Their daily battles? Conserving resources, pushing for green practices, and inspiring others to join the eco-war. Their impact, asilent victory, quietly reshaping our world.Then, there's "Community Connector," a force of unity, their superpower? Empathy and unity. They bridge gaps, heal divides, and foster understanding in our diverse societies. Their impact, a ripple effect, spreading warmth and unityin every interaction.Lastly, "Courageous Learner," a hero who dares to question, unafraid of mistakes. They are the ones who constantly seek knowledge, their quest for truth fueling progress. Their journey, a never-ending quest, shaping the future through curiosity.In this era, heroes are not defined by their titles,but by their actions. They are the ones who shape our world, one choice, one innovation, one act of kindness at a time. So, let us celebrate these everyday heroes, for they arethe true stars of our New Era.。