大学英语四六级考试阅读理解部分最后冲刺
英语四级阅读理解考前必练及答案
英语四级阅读理解考前必练及答案Method of Scientific InquiryWhy the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in thefollowing two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated,which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justlyregarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modernphilosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediatelyconversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greatervirtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin?Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth?Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—tothe influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in theomnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deductionchiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be toonarrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrastthat is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledgeis founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction anddeduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals toobservation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts ofone method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or partsof one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, animperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness inobservation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these arethe faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or themoderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greatervirtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the suddengrowth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and“theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their tooexclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge ofvagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are notcoordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generallycomplex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positiveattributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of truemethod in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in truemethod. A factis a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of afact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. Toconvert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the fullcharacteristics of a fact.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of thispassage is[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The RecentGrowth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry.2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during thedays of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.4. According to the author, mathematics is[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory.5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.词汇1. inductive 归纳法induction n.归纳法2. deductive 演绎法 deduction n 演绎法3. culmination 到达顶/极点4. conversant (with) 熟悉的，精通的5. exercise 运用，实行，执行仪式singular 卓越的，非凡的，独一无二的6. conjunction 结合，同时发生7. omnipotence 全能，无限权/威力8. Providence (大写)指上帝，天道，天令9. commonplace 平凡的，陈腐的10. inquiry 调查，探究(真理，知识等)11. doctrine 教义，学说，讲义12. correlative 相互关联的13. antithesis 对立面，对偶(修辞学中)，对句14. coordinate 同等的，并列的15. subsist 生存，维持生活16. attribute 特征，属性17. connote 意味着，含蓄(指词内涵)长句解析1. Why the inductive and mathematical sciences,after their first rapid development at theculmination of Greek civilization, advanced soslowly for two thousand years are questions whichhave interested the modern philosopher not less thanthe objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant.[结构简析] 破折号后面的内容(见难句译注2)先撇开。
英语四六级阅读考前冲刺
英语四六级阅读考前冲刺
考前熟悉几大语法
非谓语动词，虚拟语气，定语从句。
选词填空是考察语法较多的题型，语法不好，这个题目基本上无法在规定时间内完成。
六级阅读中，也考过省略if的虚拟结构。
可见，读懂长难句，语法是关键。
确保真题选项无生词
最真题时，务必将题目以及选项，对应句的生词全部扫清，这样可以有效背诵考试重点词汇，又能节省时间，词汇是所有考试的基础，没有词汇量将无法提高成绩。
运用技巧了解做题思路
匹配题的2+1原则，选词的八大结构和三个补充结构，仔细阅读的信息比对法，段落逻辑分析法等等都要熟记于心并灵活运用才能在考场上做到临阵不乱，稳准的选对答案。
规定时间精练真题
在考前练习中必须养成限时练习的习惯，选词、匹配、精读共用时间45分钟完成，不得超时。
在考前，必须将2021年~2021年6月真题做完三遍，每做一遍要学会分析错误原因，突破弱项。
了解自己是方法不对，还是基础不行。
整理错题避免重犯
真题中出得错误往往是有代表性的，说明这一块的知识点很可能自己还没掌握，所以每次错题，要用不同颜色的笔标出，复习时重点关注，了解错误原因，避免同样的错误再犯。
冲刺模拟，演练状态
临考容易发生各种情况，所以上考场前，考生必须给自己进行三次模考，以便了解考试流程，估算考试时间，演练考场心理状态。
感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
六级考试冲刺--阅读四步法
六级考试冲刺--阅读四步法一、阅读冲刺材料选用以往年真题为主，做过的题目，按照后面的真伪选项的特征检查自己做错的原因。
总结自己经常出现错误的地方（如常识干扰问题、偷梁换柱问题最容易犯错）二、阅读冲刺要点一览1．六级阅读选材：冲刺阶段要特别关注科普类文章，其比重近几年有所提高，但都为常见学科，如交通、生物、医疗等。
2．再谈文体特点：为什么？因为这个是解决阅读问题思路的最根本出发点！从历次考试来看，六级阅读文章绝大多数为说明文和议论文。
说明文通常为对某事物的特点、功能作用、发展等分别进行说明，根本目的在于让读者了解这些信息，重视信息的客观陈述。
说明文考查细节题最多，难度相对较低。
议论文通常对某个问题进行剖析，或支持，或批驳，其根本目的在于说服读者接受自己的观点。
文章的总体结构通常为：提出问题，分析问题，提出解决方案/建议。
议论文会考查到推理、结论题和主旨态度类题，难度相对较大。
两类文章在各段落的行文模式很相似。
比较典型的段落是"主题句＋支持细节"，也就是说都以"总――分"的模式来拓展段落的。
掌握这个规律有助于迅速把握作者的整体思路。
文体特色决定了我们可以分清信息的主次，帮助我们根据问题信息去原文迅速定位相关句，指导我们判断根据定位句子，沿着什么路线去找答案。
3. 几个认识上的问题1. 最难的题目每次不会超过4个。
其余的按现有语言知识/理解能力完全应付的来。
2. 六级阅读细节题仍然最多，难度最小，必须保证准确率。
3. 速度的提高：平时的训练的时候按照推荐的解题方法就可以实现。
如通读重点句，减少视觉干扰，利用数字专有名词定位，直接排除干扰选项等等。
4. 解题步骤和各题型解题思路确定文章的顺序后，每一篇文章的解题步骤可以概括为：通读文章，看问题，按照题目类型看题、做题，不能简单按序号从头做到尾。
完整的步骤概括如下：第一步：通读文章。
先看一下带有汉语注释的单词。
因为问题中有时会出现此类单词。
英语六级冲刺阅读训练及答案(20篇)
英语六级冲刺阅读训练及答案(20篇)一The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin,solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earth's surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth' s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earth’s crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings二A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more.Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hotsprings. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and other areas. But licks and some insects, such as mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangerous situations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signals that they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.A.on the mountains with little airB.in the cold polar areasC.in the hot desert areasD.in the open oceans2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______A.hiding in tiny spacesB.having a strong shellC.flying away when necessaryD.changing colors or shapes3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______A.frighten away their enemiesB.avoid being discoveredC.send warning signalsD.look bitter-tasting4.The passage mentions that insects ______.A.can be found in any extreme environmentsB.have survived longer than any other creaturesC.can be fed on any natural or man-made foodsD.are important for the growth of crops and flowers5.The passage is mainly about ______A.how insects survive in different placesB.why insects can survive so successfullyC.what insects can do to the environmentD.where insects can be found in quantity三The fridge is considered necessary. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food list appeared with the label: "Store in the refrigerator."In my fridge less Fifties childhood, 1 was fed well and healthy. The milkman came every day, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and theice-cream man delivered two or three times each week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus(剩余的) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable inthe country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. Many well-tried techniques already existed -- natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...What refrigeration did promote was marketing --- marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the world in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the rich countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house -- while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridge's effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been not important. If you don't believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and mm off your fridge next winter. You may not eat the hamburgers(汉堡包), but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The statement "In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily." suggests that______.A.the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties.B.the author was not accustomed to fridges even in his fifties.C.there was no fridge in the author's home in the 1950s.D.the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s.2.Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?A.People would not buy more food than was necessary.B.Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.C.Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.D.People had effective ways to preserve their food.3.Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?A. Inventors.B. Consumers.C. Manufacturers.D. Travelling salesmen.4.Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge's negative effect on the environment?A.“Hum away continuously”.B.“Climatically almost unnecessary”.C.“Artificially-cooled space”.D.“With mild temperatures”.5.What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges?A. Neutral.B. Critical.C. Objective.D. Compromising.四Moreover, insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation. He was, formally, perhaps clerically educated, as his Latin and music, his Biblical and patristic lore indicate. He is, still, celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man, his sharp eye for character, a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous, coarse and happy. Hence despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical and stanza forms, he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck, indignantly angry at, uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presentingthe plight of the agricultural poor.Thus taking the play and the author together, it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama. Hence much emphasis on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December 24th. After what are often regarded as almost “documentaries”given in the three successive monologues of the three shepherds, critics go on to affirm that the realism is then intensified into a burlesque mock-treatment of the Nativity. Finally as a sort of epilogue or after-thought in deference to the Biblical origins of the materials, the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early innocent reverence. Actually, as we shall see, the final scene is not only the culminating scene but perhaps the raisond’etre of introductory “realism.”There is much on the surface of the present play to support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism. All the same, the “realism”of the Wake field Master is of a paradoxical turn. His wide knowledge of people, as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in close relation to his times. Still, that life was after all a predominantly religious one, a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious and sinful creature in need of redemption, So deeply (one can hardly say “naively”of so sophisticated a writer) and implicitly religious is the Master that he is less able (or less willing) to present actual history realistically than is the author of the Brome “Abraham and Isaac”. His historical sense is even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done for his own time costume romances, such as The Knight’s Tale, Troilus and Cressida, etc. Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for taking liberties with history.1. Which of the following statements about the Wake field Master is NOT True?[A]. He was Chaucer’s contemporary.[B]. He is remembered as the author of five or six realistic plays.[C]. He write like John Steinbeck.[D]. HE was an accomplished artist.2. By “patristic”, the author means[A]. realistic. [B]. patriotic[C]. superstitious. [C]. pertaining to the Christian Fathers.3. The statement about the “secularization of the medieval drama”refers to the[A]. introduction of mundane matters in religious plays.[B]. presentation of erudite material.[C]. use of contemporary introduction of religious themes in the early days.4. In subsequent paragraphs, we may expect the writer of this passage to[A]. justify his comparison with Steinbeck.[B]. present a point of view which attack the thought of the second paragraph.[C]. point out the anachronisms in the play.[D]. discuss the works of Chaucer.五The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defence of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing,witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.Photographers’disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expression ist painters who imagined they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography’s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during the1960’s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting—that is, abstract art as developed indifferent ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse—presupposes highly developed skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties andself-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity—in short, an art.1. What is the author mainly concerned with? The author is concerned with[A]. defining the Modernist attitude toward art.[B]. explaining how photography emerged as a fine art.[C]. explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historical context.[D]. defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches.2. Which of the following adjectives best describes “the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism”as the author represents it in lines 12—13?[A]. Objective [B]. Mechanical. [C]. Superficial. [D]. Paradoxical.3. Why does the author introduce Abstract Expressionist painter?[A]. He wants to provide an example of artists who, like serious contemporary photographers, disavowed traditionally accepted aims of modern art.[B]. He wants to set forth an analogy between the Abstract Expressionist painters and classical Modernist painters.[C]. He wants to provide a contrast to Pop artist and others.[D]. He wants to provide an explanation of why serious photography, like other contemporary visual forms, is not and should not pretend to be an art.4. How did the nineteenth-century defenders of photography stress the photography?[A]. They stressed photography was a means of making people happy.[B]. It was art for recording the world.[C]. It was a device for observing the world impartially.[D]. It was an art comparable to painting.六The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘Palaeolithic Man’, ‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention tothe twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trainsfrom a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. ’The future history books might also record that we were deprived ofthe use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world –or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up inthe words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see?I saw the sea.’The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there. ’You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’–meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else. ’When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere withevery step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.1、Anthorpologists label nowaday’s men ‘Legless’because________.A people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed means________.A people’s focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers’great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’?A People won’t use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can’t see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does ‘a bird’s-eye view’mean?A See view with bird’s eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.七Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous,’they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway bye laws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast program mes is due entirely to the moneyspent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or‘agony’column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!1. What is main idea of this passage?A. Advertisement.B. The benefits of advertisement.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. The costs of advertisement.2. The attitude of the author toward advertisers is______.A. appreciative.B. trustworthy.C. critical.D. dissatisfactory.3. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?A. Because advertisers often brag.B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”.C. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.D. Because customers pay more.4. Which of the following is Not True?A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.B. We can buy what we want.C. Good quality products don’t need to be advertised.D. Advertisement makes our life colorful.5. The passage is______.A. Narration.B. Description.C. Criticism.D. Argumentation.八Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or –independently of any course –simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-datepicture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.1. According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’means _____.[A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.[B] people whose knowledge of science is very limited.[C] the scientific community.[D] people who make good contribution to science.2. We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because_____.[A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.[B] Science affects almost every aspect of our life.[C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.[D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.3. The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who_____.[A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know。
12月大学英语六级阅读最后冲刺试题及答案
12月大学英语六级阅读最后冲刺试题及答案2017年12月大学英语六级阅读最后冲刺试题及答案A man is not old as long as he is seeking something. A man is not old until regrets take the place of dreams.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年12月大学英语六级阅读最后冲刺试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Nowadays,leaders the world over are busy mapping out blueprints for a new age with environmental protection high on their agenda. Sustainable development hits headlines almost every day. It is of utmost importance to restore the harmonious balance between man and nature,given the damage we've already done to it.First of all, we must realize that man and nature are interactive.T o begin with, we derive everything fromnature. Among other things,I'm sure you've all tasted natural produce that is otherwise known as green food. And you must have noticed that nearly all beautifying products boast of being natural creams,natural lotions or natural gels. For man,nature has an irresistible appeal.But on the other hand we must also realize that nature can be unruly.Nature is indeed like a riddle,some areas of which are beyond the reach of science and technology,at least in the foreseeable future. Nevertheless,the advancement of science and technology will still characterize the next millennium. The coming new age will provide many opportunities,but it will be likewise run of challenges. For instance,United Nations'demographers predict that global population could soar from its current 5.9 billion to as many as 11.2 billion by 2050.This will aggravate the current scarcity of natural resources caused by environmentaldegradation.More conflicts over this scarcity may occur with the ghost of nuclear wars always hiding in the background. T o prevent this nightmare from coming true,governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. However, it is not enough only to ask what governments can do toachieve the harmony between man and nature. We must ask ourselves what we as individuals can do.Can we all be economical with food,water,electricity or other resources? Can we,or rather,some greedy ones among us,stop making rare plants and animals into delicious dishes? Can we stop using the unrecyclable style of lunch boxes? If not,one day they may bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.After all,the earth is not a dustbin;it's our common home.1."Green food"is a name we give to______________________.2.Beautifying products boast of being natural because___________________.3.What will the next millennium be characteristic of,according to the author?4.The current scarcity of natural resources will be aggravated by_______________.5.If we don't give up using the unrecyclable lunch boxes,they may accumulate to be__________________.答案：1.[natural produce][定位]根据green food查找到第2段第3句。
全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题
全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题Cunning proceeds from want of capacity.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的全国英语六级考试阅读临考冲刺题，希望能给大家带来帮助!We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety, but stress seems to affect the immune defenses of lower animals too. In one experiment, for example, behavioral immunologist (免疫学家) Mark Laudenslager, at the University of Denver, gave mild electric shocks to 24 rats. Half the animals could switch off the current by turning a wheel in their enclosure, while the other half could mot. The rats in the two groups were paired so that each time one rat turned the wheel it protected both itself and its helpless partner from the shock. Laudenslager found that the immune response was depressed below normal in the helpless rats but not in those that could turn off the electricity. What he has demonstrated, he believes, is that lack of control over an event, not the experience itself, is what weakens the immune system.Other researchers agree. Jay Weiss, a psychologist at Duke University School of Medicine, has shown that animals who are allowed to control unpleasant stimuli don’t develop sleep disturbances or changes in brain chemistry typical of stressed rats. But if the animals are confronted with situations they have no control over, they later behave passively when faced with experiences they can control. Such findings reinforce psychologists’ suspicions that the experience or perception of helplessness is one of the most harmful factors in depression.One of the most startling examples of how the mind can alter the immune response was discovered by chance. In 1975psychologist Robert Ader at the University of Rochester School of Medicine conditioned (使形成条件反射) mice to avoid saccharin (糖精) by simultaneously feeding them the sweetener and injecting them with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. Associating the saccharin with the stomach pains, the mice quickly learned to avoid the sweetener. In order to extinguish this dislike for the sweetener, Ader reexposed the animals to saccharin, this time without the drug, and was astonished to find that those mice that had received the highest amounts of sweetener during their earlier conditioning died. He could only speculate that he had so successfully conditioned the rats that saccharin alone now served to weaken their immune systems enough to kill them.11. Laudenslager’s experiment showed that the immune system of those rats who could turn off the electricity ________.A) was strengthenedB) was not affectedC) was alteredD) was weakened12. According to the passage, the experience of helplessness causes rats to ________.A) try to control unpleasant stimuliB) turn off the electricityC) behave passively in controllable situationsD) become abnormally suspicious13. The reason why the mice in Ader’s experiment avoided saccharin was that ________.A) they disliked its tasteB) it affected their immune systemsC) it led to stomach painsD) they associated it with stomachaches14. The passage tells us that the most probable reason for the death of the mice in Ader’s experiment was that ________.A) they had been weakened psychologically by the saccharinB) the sweetener was poisonous to themC) their immune systems had been altered by the mindD) they had taken too much sweetener during earlier conditioning15. It can be concluded from the passage that the immune systems of animals ________.A) can be weakened by conditioningB) can be suppressed by drug injectionsC) can be affected by frequent doses of saccharinD) can be altered by electric shocks参考答案：BCDCA。
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读二十天冲刺高分
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读二十天冲刺高分现在距离2021年6月英语四级考试只有最后二十天的时间了，特意为同学们整理了四级阅读最后三周冲刺计划，对四级阅读不是很有信心的同学，赶紧按照唐思宇老师提供的方法练起来吧。
在距离四级考试最后的这三周的时间里，每天都要做1~2篇仔细阅读。
做题方法要按照下面的步骤：第一，每篇文章做“四遍”所谓的四遍就是：第一遍模拟考试，计时十分钟做完，做完后不要对答案；第二遍放宽时间，借助字典，把不会的词全部查出，要有做研究的心态，争取弄懂文章的每一个意思;第三遍查完意思后重新做一遍题目，做完后对比答案;第四遍重新阅读文章，解决前面遗留的问题。
第二，做完的文章要“三无”这样四遍读完后文章一定要做到“三无”。
三无就是无不认识的词，无不清楚的句子，无不会做的题。
若一篇文章仅仅做完对完答案就放一边，那这篇文章等于没做。
只有吃透了，弄懂最后三周的时间里，我们的复习计划可以按以下步骤进行：第一周：密集训练选词填空做到“两到位”两到位是指，第一，选项中的每一个词的词性到位，弄清楚是属于名词、动词、形容词还是副词等；第二，每一个空所考的语法要到位。
第二周：密集训练长篇阅读做到“两熟练”两熟练是指，第一，要做到流程熟练，指的是要完整做完一篇长篇阅读，不要碰到不确定的就空着跳过；第二，要做到定位熟练，即把10个选项中的定位词全部挑完。
第三周：模拟测试、查漏补缺在做模拟训练时要有限选择近五年内的10套四级阅读真题。
最后，要将之前做错的题重新看一下，搞清楚错误的原因及文章的逻辑关系。
调节生活，早睡早起，千万不要睡懒觉，以致四级考试当天影响发挥。
以上就是四级阅读最后三周冲刺计划的全部内容，希望对大家有所帮助，最后预祝大家四级考试都能取得好成绩!。
英语四级冲刺阅读题及解析
英语四级冲刺阅读题及解析XX英语四级冲刺阅读题及解析xx学习犹如逆水行舟，不进那么退。
以下的冲刺阅读题及解析，欢送阅读练习!Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Women in xx made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, aording to a study, but he head of the study said women are poised to make 47 in the year ahead.The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 panies remained 48 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 49 opportunities for women in business.The percentage of panies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, pared with 14.8 percent in xx, Catalyst said.Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 50 by women was 15.7 percent in xx and 15.4 percent in xx, it said. The percentage of top earners in xx who were women was 6.2 percent, pared to 6.7 percent in xx, it said.The research on the Fortune 500 panies was 51 on data as of March 31, xx. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 52 significant, Catalyst said.Nevertheless, given the changes in U.S. politics, the future for women in business looks more 53 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 54 of Catalyst."Overall we're 55 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers,the general public, they're looking for change. ""What they're basically saying is, 'Don't give us 56 of the status quo(现状). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces.'" she said.A) officer I) essentiallyB) changes J) stridesC) based K) promotesD) positions L) statisticallyE) more M ) confusedF) promising N) heldG) businesslike O) expectingH) surveyingDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify our moods and our actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness ( 顺从), and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual's behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of some endocrine ( 内分泌) glands (腺体) and the body's changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging.Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology (内分泌学)as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormones secreting. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal ( 肠的 ) walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas ( 胰 ) to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues, Bayliss and Starling demonstrated that chemical integration can our without participation of the nervous system.The term "hormone" was first used with reference to secreting. Starling derived the word from the Greek hormone, meaning "to excite or set in motion". The term "endocrine" was introduced shortly thereafter."Endocrine" is used to refer to glands that secrete products into the bloodstream. The term "endocrine"contrasts with "exocrine (外分泌)", which is applied to glands that secrete their products through ducts (导管) to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are thetear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secretes pancreatic juice through a duct into the intestine. Exocrine glands are also called duct glands, whileendocrine glands are called ductless glands.57. The author's main purpose in this passage is to.A) explain the specific functionsB) provide general information about hormonesC) explain how the term "hormone" evolvedD) report on experiments in endocrinology58. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?A) The human body requires a large amount of hormones.B) Synthetic hormones can replace a person' s natural supply of hormones if necessary.C) The quantity of hormones produced and their effect on the body are related to a person's age.D) The short child of tall parents probably had a hormone deficiency early in life.59. The word "liberate" (Line 5, Paragraph 2 ) could be best replaced by .A) emancipateB) dischargeC) surrenderD) save60. It can be inferred from the passage that, before the experiments of Bayliss and Starling, most people believedthat chemical integration ourred only.A) during sleepB) in the endocrine glandsC) under control of the nervous systemD) during strenuous exercise61. Aording to the passage, another term for exocrine glands is.A) duct glandsB) endocrineC) ductless glandsD) intestinal glandsQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have bee conditioned toexpect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faithin the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step outof uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They saveon other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible ( 可减税的 ). They are often more fortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular typeis generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.62. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality .A) still judge a man by his clothesB) hold the uniform in such high regardC) enjoy having a professional identityD) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform63. People are austomed to thinking that a man in uniformA) suggests quality workB) discards his social identityC) appears to be more practicalD) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes64. The chief function of a uniform is to .A) provide practical benefits to the wearerB) make the wearer catch the public eyeC) inspire the wearer's confidence in himselfD) provide the wearer with a professional identity65. Aording to the passage, people wearing uniforms .A) are usually helpfulB) have little or no individual freedomC) tend to lose their individualityD) enjoy greater popularity66. The best title for this passage would be .A) Uniforms and SocietyB) The Importance of Wearing a UniformC) Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD) Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPart IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)Section A【参考译文】一项研究报告显示，xx年美国女性在获得商界高管职位方面没有取得明显进步，但研究的负责人称明年女性已准备好取得[47]进展。
大学英语四级考试阅读冲刺训练及答案
大学英语四级考试阅读冲刺训练及答案大学英语四级考试阅读冲刺训练及答案The shortest way to do many things is to only one thing at a time.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语四级考试阅读冲刺训练及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, thenumber keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americanswere obese(肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion hadgrown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age andactivity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbandshave been popping in other western countries too, asphysical activity has declined and diets haveexpanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition andfamine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the AmericanAssociation for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan andinto the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacificislands, home of the world's most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this islandwere obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur within a singlehousehold. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungryand the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with peopleof different ages being given different amounts of food toeat.The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there arecultural factorsto contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or onfood as a form. of hospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part ofpolicymakers that such a problem Could existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on thepart of governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise while starvation is stilla real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it mightnot be possible to turn the clock back.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______.A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroomB.more people are overweighed in the United StatesC.people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scalesD.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.A.other western countries has been defeated by fatB.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich worldC.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countriesD.western countries can no longer fight against obesity3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands?A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now.B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage.D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that____A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacityB.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleakC.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solvedD.we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。
英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案
英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案For a beautiful result and work it, because life is not a sequel.以下是我为大家搜寻整理的英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure. This is not always the case, however; at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest; these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose.According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in come way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a “singer” to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.During the ceremony, which may last from 2 to 9 days, the “singer” will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan. On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the “singer” will rub the ailing parts of the patien t’s body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting. In this way the patient absorbs the powerof that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sandpainting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone.The art of sandpainting is handed down from old “singer” to their students. The material used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit; brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone, which is pulverized by being crushed between 2 stones much as corns is ground into flour. The “singer” holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and fore-finger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of stylized people, snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system. The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings, since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this; however, such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico. These are done by either Navaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft.1.The purpose of the passage is to ___.A.discuss the medical uses of sandpaintings in medieval Europe.B.study the ways Navaho Indians handed down their painting art.C.consider how Navaho “singer” treat their ailments with sandpaintings.D.tell how Navaho Indians apply sandpainting for medical purposes.2.The purpose of a healing ceremony lies in ___.A.pleasing the ghostsB.attracting supernatural powersC.attracting the ghostsD.creating a sandpainting3.The “singer” rubs sand on the patien t because ___.A.the patient receives strength from the sandB.it has pharmaceutical valueC.it decorates the patientD.none of the above4.What is used to produce a sandpainting?A.PaintB.Beach sandC.Crushed sandstoneD.Flour5.Which of the following titles will be best suit the passage?A.A New Direction for Medical ResearchB.The Navaho Indians’ SandpaintingC.The Process of Sandpainting CreationD.The Navaho Indians’ M edical History答案：DBACB文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
下半年英语六级阅读理解冲刺习题
下半年英语六级阅读理解冲刺习题2016下半年英语六级阅读理解冲刺习题2016下半年的'英语六级考试很快就要到了，六级阅读共由三部分组成，选词填空、长篇阅读信息匹配和仔细阅读，三个题型一共40分钟。
下面是yjbys网店铺提供给大家关于英语六级阅读理解冲刺习题，希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
The radical transformation of the Sovietsociety had a profound impact on women's lives.Marxists had traditionally believed that bothcapitalism and the middle-class husbands exploitedwomen. The Russian Revolution of 1917 immediatelyproclaimed complete equality of rights for women. Inthe 1920s divorce and abortion were made easilyavailable, and women were urged to work outsidethe home and liberate themselves sexually. After Stalin came to power, sexual and familialliberation was played down, and the most lasting changes for women involved work andeducation.These changes were truly revolutionary. Young women were constantly told that they had to be equal to men, that they could and should do everything men could do. Peasant women in Russia had long experienced the equality of backbreaking physical labor in the countryside, and they continued to enjoy that equality on collective farms. With the advent of the five-year-plans, millions of women also began to toil in factories and in heavy construction, building dams, roads and steel mills in summer heat and winter frost. Most of the opportunities open to men through education were also open to women. Determined women pursued their studies and entered the ranks of the better-paid specialists in industry and science. Medicine practically became a woman's profession. By 1950, 75 percent of doctors inthe Soviet Union were women.Thus Stalinist society gave woman great opportunities but demanded great sacrifices as well. The vast majority of women simply had to work outside the home. Wages were so law that it was almost impossible for a family or couple to live only on the husband's earnings. Moreover, the fun-time working woman had a heavy burden of household tasks in her off hours, for most Soviet men in the 1930s still considered the home and the children the woman's responsibility. Men continued to monopolize the best jobs. Finally, rapid change and economic hardship led to many broken families, creating further physical, emotional, and mental strains for women. In any event, the often-neglected human resource of women was mobilized in Stalinist society.1. The main idea of this passage is that women in Stalinist society ______.A) had economic opportunities that had never been available beforeB) had difficulty balancing their work and family responsibilitiesC) had new opportunities but also many hardshipsD) moved quickly into the highest levels of government2. In the last paragraph, "monopolize" probably means ______.A) hold B) earn C) leave D) pay3. The author's main purpose in writing this passage is to ______.A) compare different systems of governmentB) tell stories about women in Soviet UnionC) amuse the readerD) provide information4. The author's tone in this passage can best be described as ______.A) disapproving B) emotionalC) objective D) sympathetic5. We can conclude that the economic and social status of women in Stalinist society ______.A) had been improvedB) was worse than beforeC) had not Changed muchD) was better than that in capitalistic countries答案： 1--5 CADCA。
大学英语六级阅读理解题冲刺辅导(一)
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌第一节（综述）²原文重现：原文告诉你选什么，你就应该选什么，不能凭感觉和想象。
²尽量少读：六级更多的对点出题，而不是对面出题。
所有句子都认识，但不知道整段的意思。
But, Yet, However 转折连词后面是重点，常考点做题是要划下来。
六级题型：1. 主旨题（Sum Up/Title）--看文章每段第一句（抓大放小，找最重要的，看每段的第一句），但是当文章的段落特别多时不适应。
24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.B) Labour and the effects of automation.C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.D) Social benefits of automation.注：文章三段第一句都出现automation，两段出现labour，因此这两个词是重点，必然在选项中出现。
Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the "Second Industrial Revolution".注：refers to 指的是（对前面的词下定义）Labour's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.注：labour 雇员（即employee）concern [U]: (concern over/for/about sth./sb.) worry, anxietyTo protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.注：union 工会，联盟，和雇员有关2. 词汇题--找词所在句子关系转折关系。
大学英语四六级考试阅读理解部分最后冲刺
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：（报名网址）一、阅读冲刺材料选用以往年真题为主，做过的题目，按照后面的真伪选项的特征检查自己做错的原因。
总结自己经常出现错误的地方(如常识干扰问题、偷梁换柱问题最容易犯错)二、阅读冲刺要点一览1.六级阅读选材：冲刺阶段要特别关注科普类文章，其比重近几年有所提高，但都为常见学科，如交通、生物、医疗等。
2.再谈文体特点：为什么？因为这个是解决阅读问题思路的最根本出发点！从历次考试来看，六级阅读文章绝大多数为说明文和议论文。
说明文通常为对某事物的特点、功能作用、发展等分别进行说明，根本目的在于让读者了解这些信息，重视信息的客观陈述。
说明文考查细节题最多，难度相对较低。
议论文通常对某个问题进行剖析，或支持，或批驳，其根本目的在于说服读者接受自己的观点。
文章的总体结构通常为：提出问题，分析问题，提出解决方案/建议。
议论文会考查到推理、结论题和主旨态度类题，难度相对较大。
两类文章在各段落的行文模式很相似。
比较典型的段落是"主题句＋支持细节"，也就是说都以"总--分"的模式来拓展段落的。
掌握这个规律有助于迅速把握作者的整体思路。
文体特色决定了我们可以分清信息的主次，帮助我们根据问题信息去原文迅速定位相关句，指导我们判断根据定位句子，沿着什么路线去找答案。
3. 几个认识上的问题1. 最难的题目每次不会超过4个。
其余的按现有语言知识/理解能力完全应付的来。
2. 六级阅读细节题仍然最多，难度最小，必须保证准确率。
3. 速度的提高：平时的训练的时候按照推荐的解题方法就可以实现。
如通读重点句，减少视觉干扰，利用数字专有名词定位，直接排除干扰选项等等。
4. 解题步骤和各题型解题思路确定文章的顺序后，每一篇文章的解题步骤可以概括为：通读文章，看问题，按照题目类型看题、做题，不能简单按序号从头做到尾。
六级长篇阅读冲刺练习及答案
六级长篇阅读冲刺练习及答案在英语学习过程中，阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。
国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型，大学英语六级考试也不例外。
大学英语六级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型，为了提高大家的阅读水平，下面是我为大家带来英语，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!六级长篇阅读冲刺练习1：How Ozone Pollution WorksA The weather report on the radio or TV tells you that it is going to be sunny and hot and that an orange ozone alert has been issued. What is ozone? What does an orange alert mean? Whyshould you be concerned about it? In this article, we will examine what ozone is, how it is produced, what health hazards it poses and what you can do to reduce ozone pollution.B Ozone is a molecule of three oxygen atoms bound together O3. It is unstable and highly reactive. Ozone is used as a bleach, a deodorizing agent, and a sterilization agent for air anddrinking water. At low concentrations, it is toxic. Ozone is foundnaturally in small concentrations in the stratosphere, a layer of Earth’s upper atmosphere. In this upper atmosphere, ozone is made when ultraviolet light from the sun splits an oxygen molecule O2, forming two single oxygen atoms. If a freed atom collides with an oxygen molecule, it becomes ozone. Stratospheric ozonehas been called “good” ozone because it protects the Earth’s surface from dangerous ultraviolet light.C Ozone can also be found in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere. Tropospheric ozone often termed “ bad ” ozone is man - made, a result of air pollution from internalcombustion engines and power plants. Automobile exhaust and industrial emissions release a family of nitrogen oxide gases NOx and volatile organic compounds VOC, by-products of burning gasoline and coal. NOx and VOC combine chemically with oxygen to form ozone during sunny, high- temperature conditions of late spring, summer and early fall. High levels of ozone are usuallyformed in the heat of the afternoon and early evening, dissipating during the cooler nights.D Although ozone pollution is formed mainly in urban and suburban areas, it ends up in rural areas as well, carried by prevailing winds or resulting from cars and trucks that travel intorural areas. Significant levels of ozone pollution can be detected in rural areas as far as 250 miles downwind from urban industrial zones.E You can make ozone test strips to detect and monitor ozone levels in your own backyard or around your school. You will need corn starch, filter paper coffee filters work well andpotassium iodide can be ordered from a science education supplier such as Carolina Biological Supply or Fisher Scientific. Basically, you make a paste from water, corn starch andpotassium-iodide, and you paint this paste on strips of filter paper. You then expose the strips to the air for eight hours. Ozone in the air will react with the potassium iodide to change thecolor of the strip. You will also need to know the relative humidity, which you can get from a newspaper, weather broadcast or home weather station.F When you inhale ozone, it travels throughout your respiratory tract. Because ozone is very corrosive, it damages the bronchioles and alveoli in your lungs, air sacs that are important forgas exchange. Repeated exposure to ozone can inflame lung tissues and cause respiratory infections.G Ozone exposure can aggravate existing respiratory conditions such as asthma, reduce your lung function and capacity for exercise and cause chest pains and coughing. Young children, adultswho are active outdoors and people with respiratory diseases are most susceptible to the high levels of ozone encountered during the summer. In addition to effects on humans, the corrosivenature of ozone can damage plants and trees. High levels of ozone can destroy agricultural crops and forest vegetation.H To protect yourself from ozone exposure, you should be aware of the Air Quality Index AQI in your area every day—you can usually find it in the newspaper or on a morning weather forecaston TV or radio. You should also be familiar with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA guide for ozone-alert values.I What do the numbers in the AQI mean? The AQI measures concentrations of five air pollutants: ozone, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. The EPA haschosen these pollutants as criteria pollutants, but these are not all of the pollutants in the air. These concentrations are compared to a standard set out in federal law. An index value of 100 means that all of the criteria pollutants are at the maximum levelthat is considered safe for the majority of the population. To reduce your exposure to ozone, you should avoid exercisingduring afternoon and early evening hours in the summer.J There are several ways you can help to decrease ozone pollution. Limit using your automobile during afternoon and early evening hours in the late spring, summer and early fall. Do not usegasoline-powered lawn equipment during these times. Do not fuel your car during these times. Do not light fires or outdoor grills during these times. Keep the engine of your car or boat tuned.Make sure that your tires are properly inflated. Use environmentally safe paints, cleaning and office products some of these chemicals are sources of VOC.K Besides personal attempts to reduce ozone pollution, the EPA has initiated more stringent air-quality standards such as the Clean Air Act and its modifications to reduce air pollution.Compliance with these standards by industries, manufacturers and state and local governments has significantly reduced the levels of many common air pollutants.L With continued conservation and reduction practices, adherence to ozone-pollution warnings, research and governmentregulation, ozone-pollution levels shouldcontinue to fall. Perhaps future generations will not be threatened by this environmental pollutant.M The thing that determines whether ozone is good or bad is its location. Ozone is ‘‘good，，when it is in the stratosphere. The stratosphere is a layer of the atmosphere starting at the levelof about 6 miles about 10 kilometers above sea level. The stratosphere naturally contains about six parts per million of ozone, and this ozone is very beneficial because it absorbs UVradiation and prevents it from reaching us.N Ozone is “bad” when it is at ground level. Ozone is a very reactive gas that is hard on lung tissue. It also damages plants and buildings. Any ozone at ground level is a problem. Unfortunately, chemicals in car exhaust and chemicals produced by some industries react with light to produce lots of ozone at ground level. In cities, the ozone level can rise to a point whereit becomes hazardous to our health. That’s when you hear about an ozone warning on the news.1. When ultraviolet rays from the sun separate an oxygenmolecule into two single oxygen atoms in the stratosphere, the combination of a single oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule forms ozone.2. You can make ozone test strips by yourself to find out about ozone levels in your own locale.3. Long-time exposure to ozone is badly harmful to our respiratory system.4. Chemicals in industrial waste gas and vehicle exhaust react with light to form lots of ozone at ground level.5. Internal combustion engines and power plants cause the artificial tropospheric ozone, also known as “bad” ozone.6. Ozone is very helpful because it absorbs UV radiation and separates us from it.7. Using gasoline-powered lawn equipment in the late spring, summer and early fall may increase ozone pollution.8. Ozone pollution occurs in urban and suburban areas as well as in rural areas.9. In order to decrease ozone pollution, the EPA has set up more rigorous air-quality standards.10. Pay close attention to the Air Quality Index in your area every day can keep you away from ozone exposure.文章精要文章主要介绍了什么是臭氧，臭氧污染的形成、危害，以及臭氧有利的一面。
六级长篇阅读冲刺练习及参考答案
六级长篇阅读冲刺练习及参考答案六级长篇阅读冲刺练习1：How to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPoint PresentationsA Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business presentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.The TextB Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words—a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words.Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below, then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu.C Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than e only two font styles per slide—one for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.D Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the presentation are present in the computer that will be usedfor the presentation. To embed the fonts: 1 On the File menu, click Save As. 2 On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.E Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color forall the titles and another for the text body. Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.F Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title ofslides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letterof the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the firstword and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lowercase lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using all capital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles.G Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation.Don’t center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run “spell check” on your show when finished.The BackgroundH Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read. If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored backgroun d and use any light color for text. Minimize the use of “bells and whistles” such as sound effects, “flying words” and multiple transitions. Don’t use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.The ClipsI Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers. Do not rely too heavily on those images that wereoriginally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easilyfind appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use specific words.J When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible. Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately pick up the relationships.The PresentationK If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Saveas type list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When you’re done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open onthe File menu.L Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, don’t move it too fast. For example, if circling a num ber onthe slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the screen use “B” on the keyboard after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.M You can use the shortcut command [Ctrl]P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To erase everything you’ve drawn, press the E key. To turnoff the Pen tool, press [Esc] once.MiscellaneousN Master Slide Set-Up: The “master slide” will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the “master slide” level. First, go to the “View” menu. Pull down the “Master” menu. Select the “slide master” menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs.1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made havebeen changed by Microsoft PowerPoint.2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated.3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text shouldcontrast with each other.4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word.5. Centering bulleted lists or text can not help to read.6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.7. When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can.9. Pressing the E key can help you to erase everything you've drawn.10. In order to meet your presentation needs, you can make changes at the “slide master”参考答案：1.AA段讲到了微软的PowerPoint对学术及商业陈述形式的改变，可以直接定位到文章的首段。
07年12月英语四六级阅读理解部分冲刺方略
现在已经到了12⽉初了，离12⽉22⽇的四六级考试还有不到⼀个⽉的时间了，同学们的备考也到了冲刺的时候了。
什么叫冲刺呢？顾名思义，“冲刺”就是临上战场前的整装待发，要有⼀种“志在必得”的把握和⼼态。
对于我们四六级考试来说，到了冲刺阶段，最重要的并不是再做多少题，⽽是规范备考思路，要冷静、冷静、再冷静，仔细分析过去做过的、⽽且做错了的题⽬，找出差距，迎头赶上。
⽽对于冲刺阶段的备考要领，我从两个⾓度来谈：⼀个是题型，⼀个是备考材料选择。
⾸先从题型的⾓度来说，就是⼀个取舍的问题，到了最后，⼀定要有“抓⼤放⼩”的思路，⽤⽑主席的话来说就是：“集中优势兵⼒，歼灭敌⼈的有⽣⼒量”。
⽽对于我们考试来说，传统阅读部分和写作部分就是“敌⼈的有⽣⼒量”，所有我们要花⼤⼒⽓，⼀举拿下。
⽽且这两部分是最后阶段最容易提⾼分数的。
下⾯我会拿六级阅读真题来分析如何进⾏操作。
其次，对于备考材料的选择，还是那句⽼话：真题⾄上。
尤其是近3年的真题，要仔细研究，总结出规律，提⾼实战能⼒。
对于新出现的题型，如长对话、快速阅读、短⽂简答和翻译题，可以利⽤少量的时间进⾏模拟训练，以检验复习效果。
下⾯，我就节选2007年6⽉的六级考试阅读理解的Passage One 的前三段来说明如何更有效的研究真题的阅读理解。
You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good statistically, but it doesn’t feel good. Why doesn’t ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? It is a question that dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent (富裕的) Society by John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97.The Affluent Society is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. For most of history,“hunger, sickness, and cold” threatened nearly everyone, Galbraith wrote. “Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours.” After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent.To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent. Through advertising, companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didn’t really want or need. Because so much spending was artificial, it would be unfulfilling. Meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctively—and wrongly—labeled government only as “a necessary evil.”52. What question does John Kenneth Galbraith raise in his book The Affluent Society?A) Why statistics don’t tell the truth about the economy.B) Why affluence doesn’t guarantee happiness.C) How happiness can be promoted today.D) What lies behind an economic boom.真题阅读分析四步法：第⼀步：针对题⽬进⾏分析：包括两部分：1）对于正确选项的选取，最重要的定位与替换，这是阅读理解解题和得⾼分的精髓。
四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(1)
四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(1)导读：本文四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(1)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc。
四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(25)
四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(25)导读：本文四级阅读冲刺练习及答案(25)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
阅读材料：Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of as a sport; they wear a special uniform of redcoats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.1. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.A) for recreationB) in the interests of the farmersC) to limit the fox populationD) to show off their wealth2. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?A) It involves the use of a deadly poison.B) It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C) The hunters have set rules to follow.D) The hunters have to go through strict training.3. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.A) by resorting to violenceB) by confusing the fox huntersC) by taking legal actionD) by demonstrating on the scene4. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.A) prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB) forbid hunting foxes with dogsC) stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD) prevent large-scale fox hunting5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) killing foxes with poison is illegalB) limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC) hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD) fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich 参考答案1. A2. C3. B4.B5. C。
四级最后一搏阅读训练答案与详解1
四级最后一搏-阅读训练答案与详解(1)四级考试即将到来,为了巩固大家的知识,我们请考试专家编写了一些练习并配有答案与详解供大家学习.Passage One?【短文大意】这篇论述文论述了现代社会的科学技术日新月异，必将对未来社会的工作产生重大的影响。
例如新技术对通讯方式的影响，将使诸如邮差、职员、秘书等事务性工作者消失。
?第二段论述即使传统上需要专业知识的行业也会受到新技术的影响。
人们不用再找律师询问法律知识；医生会受到计算机的挑战；老师也会大部分被机器取代。
人们通常在家里通过可视课堂学习，孩子们仍然上学也只是为了交朋友和培养社会能力。
?因此，新技术将对我们造成失业的威胁。
第三段告诉我们应直面现实。
(not hide our heads in the sand)工会为减少失业所做的努力必将失败，人们只有会用电脑才有幸不致失业，毕竟，各行业都需要有会编写电脑程序的人。
唯独收集垃圾的清洁工不须会用电脑。
也只因为编写变化难测的清洁工作的程序太难。
总之，短文论述了将来高科技的发展尤其是电脑将对许多行业产生重大影响，使人们面临失业威胁。
为此人们只有学会电脑，精通电脑才能在未来社会立于不败之地。
?21.C 本题的落点在第一段的第二句。
句中rather than (而不是)连接两个意义相对的成分。
从 slow down (缓慢下来)可以推测 accelerate意为“加速”，与C项中speed up相近。
?22.B 本题的落点在第一段的第五、六句。
句中提到：人们将用电话线而不用邮政传递信息，邮差将消失。
?23.B 本题的所述内容在第二段的前三句第三段倒数第二句。
其中第二段的第三句说明电子竞争对手即计算机能更快更准确地作出诊断，同时提供更有效的'治疗措施。
因此可以断定B为正确项。
?24.D 本题的落点在第二段的最后三句，注意以下词语 largely replaced 而不是 completely replaced, most learning 而不是 all learning,still goto school 以及 make friends and devolop social skills.?25.A 本题的落点在第三段的第四句。
四级最后五分钟阅读答题技巧
很多同学抱怨新4,6级后半部分时间太紧，经常会出现还有两篇或一篇阅读没做的时候就只剩下5分钟了!由于阅读分值非常大，很容易让人立刻崩溃。
如果考场上出现这种情况，千万不要慌张!冷静的使用下面介绍的---死亡拯救法，可将正确率提高至50%以上!不看文章，直接作题第一篇：阅读理解题答案项特征通过研究历届四、六级阅读理解题，我们发现，在所列出的四个选项中，也有一些普遍性规律可循。
如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了这些规律，他(她)们就可以找到做题时的"第六感觉"，达到所谓超常发挥的水平。
如果考生来不及看文章，万般无奈下凭这些规律可以选中不少正确选项。
(一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。
这些语气词有：must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very completely, none, hardly等。
例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that_____ 。
(1995年6月六级题22)A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant。
B. people's traditional concepts about work no longer hold true。
C. most people have to take part-time jobs。
D. people have to change their jobs from time to time。
(分析：四个选项中，C、D两项中都含有"have to"，语气太绝对化，一般被排除。
考生在剩下两项中进行选择，就大大降低了难度。
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）一、阅读冲刺材料选用以往年真题为主，做过的题目，按照后面的真伪选项的特征检查自己做错的原因。
总结自己经常出现错误的地方(如常识干扰问题、偷梁换柱问题最容易犯错)二、阅读冲刺要点一览1.六级阅读选材：冲刺阶段要特别关注科普类文章，其比重近几年有所提高，但都为常见学科，如交通、生物、医疗等。
2.再谈文体特点：为什么？因为这个是解决阅读问题思路的最根本出发点！从历次考试来看，六级阅读文章绝大多数为说明文和议论文。
说明文通常为对某事物的特点、功能作用、发展等分别进行说明，根本目的在于让读者了解这些信息，重视信息的客观陈述。
说明文考查细节题最多，难度相对较低。
议论文通常对某个问题进行剖析，或支持，或批驳，其根本目的在于说服读者接受自己的观点。
文章的总体结构通常为：提出问题，分析问题，提出解决方案/建议。
议论文会考查到推理、结论题和主旨态度类题，难度相对较大。
两类文章在各段落的行文模式很相似。
比较典型的段落是"主题句＋支持细节"，也就是说都以"总--分"的模式来拓展段落的。
掌握这个规律有助于迅速把握作者的整体思路。
文体特色决定了我们可以分清信息的主次，帮助我们根据问题信息去原文迅速定位相关句，指导我们判断根据定位句子，沿着什么路线去找答案。
3. 几个认识上的问题1. 最难的题目每次不会超过4个。
其余的按现有语言知识/理解能力完全应付的来。
2. 六级阅读细节题仍然最多，难度最小，必须保证准确率。
3. 速度的提高：平时的训练的时候按照推荐的解题方法就可以实现。
如通读重点句，减少视觉干扰，利用数字专有名词定位，直接排除干扰选项等等。
4. 解题步骤和各题型解题思路确定文章的顺序后，每一篇文章的解题步骤可以概括为：通读文章，看问题，按照题目类型看题、做题，不能简单按序号从头做到尾。
完整的步骤概括如下：第一步：通读文章。
先看一下带有汉语注释的单词。
因为问题中有时会出现此类单词。
第二步：浏览问题，决定做题顺序。
第三步：读、做细节类题，顺序为：细节题、单词、单句题、多项细节题。
第四步：读、做推理类题：推论、结论题。
第五步：读、做主旨类题：主旨题、态度语气题。
这样的步骤是根据信息的复杂程度和问题的难度安排的。
第三步里的细节类题型牵扯到的信息比较单一，属于局部问题，往往原文一句话就解决，难度最低。
第四步推理类题经常需要结合前面提到的其它细节进行逻辑判断。
第五步主旨类题目既需要通读所得到的大致路线，又需要做细节题时获得的信息来充实、具体化该路线。
三、真伪选项特征大盘点该部分旨在使大家对各种选项的认识更清晰，全面提高抗干扰能力，提高辨别假冒伪劣的能力，提高选择的成活率。
该部分要重点掌握基本思路。
关于正确选项，这里要强调的点是：所有题型的正确选项的根本特征是要符合原文的主旨。
(一)、正确选项特征1.细节类题目正确选项一般为直接答案，此类答案可以在文章中直接找到相关的事实细节支持。
常用方法就是同义替换或释义(如词汇题)，即把文中语言(词汇和结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思。
常见表现形式有下列几种：(1)正确选项在文字表述上和原文相关句相似度很高。
(2)正确选项和原文相关句的句式基本一致，关键信息换用原文的同义词语。
此类方法使用较多。
(但干扰选项也会使用替换法，辨别选项时必须牢记内容一致！)(3)正确选项使用原文的反义词语，通过不同的结构表达相同的意思。
(4)正确选项使用与原文相反的句式结构，但表达的语义相同。
特别提示：细节题中，如果选项是从原文一字不差抄来的，不管看上去多么有道理，都要排除。
而正确答案都会在原文基础上进行改造。
只要是正确选项，其各个部分在原文都有直接、间接的事实细节支持。
2.推理类题目正确选项特征比较统一，除符合文章主旨外，还是从原文细节出发推导出来的，符合逻辑，恰到好处，符合客观事实。
3.主旨类题目(1)主旨题正确选项概括归纳的范围大小恰到好处。
(如同选择鞋子一样)(2)语气态度题正确选项表达的尺度恰当(如不能多愁善感、不能偏激)。
(二)、炼就一双火眼金睛，明察秋毫，提高抗干扰能力干扰选项常见特征顾名思义，干扰项的目的就是扰乱考生思维，将思路引入歧途。
细节题中的干扰项较容易排除，只要发现选项有一处缺乏原文事实的支持就可以排除。
推理类题目和主旨类题目的干扰项迷惑性更强一些。
一些选项可以根据主题直接排除，如说法绝对的，违反客观事实/常识的。
逻辑思路要清晰！逻辑判断小练习If Sarah were a concert pianist for a major orchestra, she would be famous. She is not a concert pianist since she is not famous.The conclusion above is unsound because the author does not consider that(A) Sarah could be a famous actress.(B) Sarah could be a violinist for a major orchestra.(C) Sarah could be a pianist with a rock group.(D) Sarah could be a concert pianist with a minor orchestra.逻辑指代、范围、特征等等都可能被用来做文章。
要特别小心对待。
1.细节类题目(1)无中生有：凭空捏造原文不存在的细节，以迷惑和干扰考生，制造的假象让考生怀疑自己是否漏读了原文的相关信息。
破解方法仍然是准确定位。
有的是故意偏离主旨(通过通读的句子概括出的大意就可以排除)(2)常识错位：干扰项是一些基本常识和我们对社会、生活等方面一些问题的一般看法和认识，虽然符合客观现实，但并非文章所提及的或侧重的。
此类干扰项很容易导致粗心错误，因为选项的说法符合我们的一般认识，使得干扰项先入为主，误导了判断，忽略了要从原文验证。
！！！谨防喧宾夺主，越俎代庖！！！症状将一些常识带入思考，放松、甚至忘记了一切答案要以原文为依据。
特别提示：留意不需看原文就能自圆其说的选项，这些选项通常为高度疑似错误答案，需要提高警惕。
(3) 偷梁换柱：这是细节题干扰项最常见的方法，是大多数同学由于粗心失分的地方。
干扰项利用了原文的一部分结构和词汇，但在一些位置换掉个别词，造成了语义的变化。
特别提示：要留意选项各个句子成分是否与原文表述的意义一致。
地点，时间，方式，程度(副词)，性质(如形容词)，甚至是主语和谓语都可能被偷换掉。
根本解决方法是细心求证选中的答案是否经得起原文的考验。
这就要求我们在核对选项时需要把所有意群跟原文相应意群逐一进行对比，只要有偷换意群的，就是错误选项。
用数学方法来描述就是正负得负。
细节题不要跟着感觉走！不能只凭一个单词的印象就选择答案！必须去原文核实选项的每一个成分！Example 1：Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者)."With virtual reality we'll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.Although Satava's vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. ......37. Richard Satava has visions of_____.A) using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseasB) wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmetson the battlefield 【细节陷阱: 方式、地点】C) wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeonsD) setting up mobile surgical units overseas提示：根据问题信息，判断原文相关信息的位置。
要善于利用各种举例、指代关系。
Example 2:Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when heir students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.22. According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to ________.A) apologize promptly for your subordinates' mistakesB) be skillful in accepting blames from customersC) make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessaryD) create a strong sense of company loyalty启示：切勿断章取义！抓住原文关键、挖掘要准确！解析原文要准确，选项里每一个意群都要对照原文，核对是否有出入。