模拟 (1)

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模拟题1附答案

模拟题1附答案

全真模拟习题(1)选择题1.在寿险契约保全中,保险人对客户交费方式、交费期间、领取方式等项目的变更以及变更投保人(受益人)、增减保额、增加或取消保险责任条款,对合同内容做补充告知等提供服务,这些服务所涉及的寿险契约保全属于()A.保险关系转移B.合同内容转移C.合同权益行使D.保险金和退保金的给付2.在我国,保险代理机构的种类包括()A.专业保险代理机构和保险兼业代理机构B.专业保险代理机构和个人保险代理机构C.综合保险代理机构和保险兼业代理机构D.综合保险代理机构和个人保险代理机构3.各种不同类型的保险合同中,单一风险合同是指()A.被保险人只能为一人的保险合同B.只能有单个保险人承保的保险合同C.只承保一种风险责任的保险合同D.只承保特殊风险的保险合同4.根据中国保监会发布的《保险代理从业人员职业道德指引》,在我国保险代理从业人员职业道德道德主体部分7个道德原则中包括()等A.独立执业原则B.专业胜任原则C.友好合作原则D.客观公正原则5.根据反不正当竞争法的规定,当事人对监督检查部门作出的出发决定不服可以向上一级主管机关申请复议。

申请复议的期间应为()A.自收到出发决定之日起15日内B.自收到处罚决定之日起30日内C.自收到处罚决定之日期60日内D.自收到处罚决定之日起90日内6.投保人因贪污行为所取得的利益不能作为保险利益投保,这一情况说明投保人所具有的保险利益应该是()A.经济上有价的利益B.确定的利益C.具有利害关系的利益D.合法的利益7.根据《民法通则》规定,对于“依照法律规定或者按照双方当事人约定,应当由本人实施的民事法律行为”的代理选择的规定是()A.可以选择委托代理B.可以选择法定代理C.不得选择代理D.可以选择指定代理8.我国特有的一种货物运输保险的原始形式是()A.洋行B.镖局C.票号D.当铺9.《保险营销员管理规定》的施行日期是()A.2006年7月1日B.2006年8月1日C.2006年10月1日D.2006年9月1日10.在我国意外伤害保险经营实务中,保险人对于及短期意外伤害保险的被保险人进行风险程度评价的主要依据是()A.被保险人所从事活动的远近B.被保险人所从事活动的性质C.被保险人所从事活动的规模D.被保险人所从事活动的设想11.意外伤害保险的含义之一是必须有客观的意外事故发生,且事故原因必须是()A.意外的、偶然的和不可预见的B.意外的、客观的和不可预见的C.意外的、必然的和可预见的D.意外的、客观的和可预见的12.我国机动车辆保险条款规定,被保险人必须对保险车辆妥善保管,使用,保养,使之处于正常状态。

词汇学模拟试卷1

词汇学模拟试卷1

模拟试卷(1)I . Each of the statements below is followed by four choices. Please choosethe one that best completes each statement.(10 %)1. In the word internationalists, nation is ________.A. rootB. stemC. baseD. root, stem, base2. ________is the most important of all characteristics of the basic word stock.A. ProductivityB. StabilityC. CollocabilityD. All national character3. Nonbasic vocabulary includes all of the following except________.A. slangB. Anglo-Saxon wordsC. argotsD. neologisms4. It is assumed that the world has 3 000 languages, which can be grouped intoroughly _ language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 200B. 300C. 400D. 5005. The following languages all belong to the Eastern set except________.A. Balto-SlavicB. Indo-IranianC. ArmenianD. Italic6. In the Eastern set, Armenian and________are the sole modern languages inthe two respective families.A. AlbanianB. RussianC. SlovenianD. Lithuanian7.The minimal meaningful units in a language are known as __________ .A. wordsB. allomorphsC. morphemesD. morphs8. The ________ are "actual spoken, minimal carriers of meaning".A. morphsB. allomorphsC. morphemesD. allophones9. Morphemes are _____ units, which are realized in speech by discrete units known as ________ .A. concrete; allomorphsB. abstract; morphsC. abstract; lexemesD. concrete; morphs10. 30% to 40% of the total number of new words in English are produced through _________ .A. compoundingB. affixationC. conversionD. shortening11. The prefixes mal- in maltreat, mis- in misleading and pseudo- inpseudo-scientific are ________ prefixes.A. negativeB. reversativeC. pejorativeD. locative12. A word is the combination of ________ and ________.A. spelling, soundB. form, meaningC. spelling, meaningD. sound, meaning13. By form we refer to________.A. its symbolsB. its spellingC. its pronunciationD. both its pronunciation and spelling14. Reference is the relationship between language and________.A. the worldB. the conceptC. the senseD. the motivation15. All of the following are sense relations except________.A. polysemyB. ameliorationC. homonymyD. antonymy16. ________ is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages becausethe majority of words have more than one meaning.A. HyponymyB. SynonymyC. PolysemyD. Homonymy17. Which of the following words does not undergo the process of narrowing of meaning?A. Meat.B. Liquor.C. Disease.D. Journal.18. ________factor is the one that often contributes to the associatedtransfer of meaning and euphemistic use of words, etc.A. ScientificB. PsychologicalC. HistoricalD. Internal19. The change of word meaning is achieved by modes of____A. degradation and elevationB. transference and euphemismC. extension and narrowingD. all the above20. A word has meaning only when a connection has been established between thelinguistic sign and a________.A. referenceB. referentC. conceptD. senseII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10 %)21. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, studying the origins and ________ of words.22. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and ________function.23. Modern English expands its vocabulary chiefly through________.24. The three main means of creating new words in modern English are ________,compounding and conversion.25. The overwhelming majority of blends are________.26. Words imitating natural sounds are________words.27. Every word that has meaning has sense but not every word has_______ .28. The relationship between the word form and meaning is conventionaland arbitrary, and most words can be said to be _______.29. Componential analysis, according to Leech, is the process of breaking down the sense of a word into its ________ components.30. At the time when the words were created, it was endowed with only onemeaning. The first meaning is the ________ meaning and the latter meanings are ________meaning.31. ________is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands atthe center and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays.32. Extension and______are the most common modes of word meaning changes.33. Narrowing of meaning is also known as______, which is the opposite of______.34. The extra-linguistic context refers to the________situation, which may extend to embrace the entire________.35. Linguistic context can be subdivided into_______ context and_____ context.36. Context can be divided into ____and _____ context.37. Regarded as a derivational process without the addition of an affix, conversion can be called as _______.38. ________are the most complete description of words available to us.They are large in scope and size, containing at least 200 000 headwords.39. ________ are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50 000to 150 000. And they are most used on desk.40. Based on the degree of similarity, homonyms fall into three types: ________, homographs and________.III. Please decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)( ) 41. A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view.( ) 42. Under no circumstances can sound and meaning be intrinsically related.( ) 43. The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form.( ) 44. In early Middle English period, English, Latin, and Celtic existed side by side.( ) 45. The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of Modern English period.( ) 46. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.( ) 47. Conversion not only changes the grammatical function of items involved but their original meaning.( ) 48. Stylistically, back-formed words are largely informal and some of them have not gained acceptance.( ) 49. Backformation is considered to be the opposite process of affixation. ( ) 50. Complementaries can be used in comparative degrees.( ) 51. In a language, there are more synonyms than antonyms.( ) 52. Antonyms differ in semantic inclusion.( ) 53. The meaning of paper in "a white paper" is determined by grammatical context.( ) 54. The ambiguity in "They saw her duck" is due to polysemy.( ) 55. The clue for the meaning of jetty in "The harbour is protected bya jetty — a wall built out into the water" is definition.( ) 56. Idioms are generally felt to be informal; therefore they are usually inappropriate for formal settings.( ) 57. The stylistic features of idioms are fixed and unchangeable.( ) 58. Idioms are peculiar to native culture and language.( ) 59. Dictionary is closely related to lexicology because they both deal with the form, meaning, usage and origins of vocabulary units.( ) 60. In the Anglo-Saxon period, difficult Latin words and definitions were often collected into lists called glossaries for the sake of research.IV. Please give the meaning of the following prefixes (the italicized part of the word).You are to write your answer in English on the answer sheet. (10%)61. a political 62. dis obey 63. il literate 64.de centralize65. un bug 66. mal treat 67. mis interpret 68. pseudo-scientific69. arch bishop 70. co direct 71. extra-large 72. hyper active73. macro economics 74. micro computer 75. mini-bus 76.over-anxious77. out swim 78. sub-system 79. sub normal 80.super sophisticatedV. Please give the direct expressions of the following euphemisms. (10%) 81. pass away 82. social disease83. custodian 84. extermination engineer 85. meet engineer 86. sanitation engineer87. mortician 88. hairdresser89. Gee 90. Gosh almightyVI. Please translate the following idioms into Chinese.(20%)91. in a brown study92. lip service93. bury the hatchet94. tit for tat95. the lion's share96. diamond cut diamond97. like cures like98. a fish out of water99. the salt of the earth100. see eye to eye with101. as green as grass102. once in a blue moon103. ride the high horse104. a bed of roses105. make bricks without straw106. an apple of discord107. Jack of all trades108. a fly in the ointment109. cut and dried110. wide of the markVII. Answer the following questions. (30%)111. In what way are words related to vocabulary?112. What is the fundamental difference between content and functional words?113. What is the difference between grammatical and lexical morphemes, and inflectional and derivational morphemes? Give examples toillustrate their relationships.114. What are the merits and demerits of componential analysis?115. What is hyponymy?模拟试卷(1)答案及评分标准I. Please choose the one that best completes each statement. (10%)1-5 D D B B D6-10 A C A B B11-15 C B D A B16-20 C D B D B评分标准:本题共20道题,共10分;每题0.5分。

北师大版九年级(上)期末数学模拟试卷1

北师大版九年级(上)期末数学模拟试卷1

北师大版九年级(上)期末数学模拟试卷(1)一、选择题(每题3分,共36分)1.(3分)sin30°的值为()A.B.C.D.2.(3分)如图,是一个物体的俯视图,它所对应的物体是()A.B.C.D.3.(3分)如图是两个可以自由转动的转盘,转盘各被等分成三个扇形,并分别标上1,2,3和6,7,8这6个数字.如果同时转动两个转盘各一次(指针落在等分线上重转),转盘停止后,则指针指向的数字和为偶数的概率是()A.B.C.D.4.(3分)巴中日报讯:今年我市小春粮油再获丰收,全市产量预计由前年的45万吨提升到50万吨,设从前年到今年我市的粮油产量年平均增长率为x,则可列方程为()A.45+2x=50 B.45(1+x)2=50 C.50(1﹣x)2=45 D.45(1+2x)=505.(3分)反比例函数(m为常数)当x<0时,y随x的增大而增大,则m的取值范围是()A.m<0 B.C.D.m≥6.(3分)如图,把等腰直角△ABC沿BD折叠,使点A落在边BC上的点E处.下面结论错误的是()A.AB=BE B.AD=DC C.AD=DE D.AD=EC7.(3分)张明同学的身高为1.6米,某一时刻他在阳光下的影长为2米,与他邻近一棵树的影长为8米,则这棵树的高是()米.A.10 B.6.4 C.4 D.无法确定8.(3分)已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,当y<0时,x的取值范围是()A.﹣1<x<3 B.x>3 C.x<﹣1 D.x>3或x<﹣19.(3分)如图,利用一面墙,用80米长的篱笆围成一个矩形场地,墙长为30m,围成鸡场的最大面积为()平方米.A.800 B.750 C.600 D.240010.(3分)如图,在菱形ABCD中,AE⊥BC于点E,EC=4,,则菱形的周长是()A.10 B.20 C.40 D.2811.(3分)已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,下列结论:①abc>0;②2a+b <0;③4a﹣2b+c<0;④b2﹣4ac>0,其中正确结论的个数为()A.4个B.3个C.2个D.1个12.(3分)如图,直线y=2x与双曲线(x>0)交于点A,将直线y=2x向右平移3个单位后,与双曲线(x>0)交于点B,与x轴交于点C.若,则k的值为()A.12 B.10 C.8 D.6二、填空题(每题3分,共12分)13.(3分)方程x(x﹣1)=x的根是.14.(3分)布袋中装有1个红球,2个白球,3个黑球,它们除颜色外完全相同,从袋中任意摸出两个球,摸出的两球都是白球的概率是.15.(3分)如图,已知反比例函数y=(k≠0)与直线y=x交于A、C两点,AB⊥x轴于点B,若S△ABC=6,则反比例函数的解析式为.16.(3分)如图,△ABC的内心在y轴上,点C的坐标为(2,0),点B的坐标是(0,2),直线AC的解析式为,则tanA的值是.三、解答题(17、18每题5分,19、20、21、22题8分,23题10分)17.(5分)sin45°﹣cos30°•tan60°+(π﹣3.14)0.18.(5分)解方程:﹣2x2=﹣7x+3.19.(8分)如图,在△ABC中,D、E分别是AB、AC的中点,BE=2DE,延长DE到点F,使得EF=BE,连接CF.(1)求证:四边形BCFE是菱形;(2)若CE=4,∠BCF=120°,求菱形BCFE的面积.20.(8分)四张扑克牌的牌面如图①所示,将扑克牌洗均匀后,如图②背面朝上放置在桌面上.(1)若随机抽取一张扑克牌,则牌面数字恰好为5的概率是;(2)规定游戏规则如下:若同时随机抽取两张扑克牌,抽到两张牌的牌面数字之和是偶数为胜;反之,则为负.你认为这个游戏是否公平?请说明理由.21.(8分)大楼AD的高为10米,不远处有一塔BC,某人在楼底A处测得塔顶B处的仰角为60°,爬到楼顶D点测得塔顶B点的仰角为30°,求塔BC的高度.22.(8分)某商场以每件50元的价格购进一种商品,销售中发现这种商品每天的销售量m (件)与每件的销售价x(元)满足一次函数,其图象如图所示.(1)求出每天的销售数量m(件)与每件的销售价格x(元)的函数解析式;(2)求该商场每天销售这种商品的销售利润y(元)与每件的销售价格x(元)之间的函数表达式;保证商场赢利并使得每件的售价不超过80元,求出每天商场的最大利润.23.(10分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A的坐标为(1,3),点B在x轴上,△AOB 的面积是3.(1)求过点A、O、B的抛物线的解析式;(2)在(2)中抛物线的对称轴上是否存在点C,使△AOC的周长最小?若存在,求出点C的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由;(3)抛物线的对称轴与x轴交于点D,在抛物线上是否存在点P使得以A,B,D,P为顶点的四边形是梯形?若存在,求出点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.广东省深圳市新华中学九年级(上)期末数学模拟试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(每题3分,共36分)1.(3分)sin30°的值为()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:sin30°=.故选C.2.(3分)如图,是一个物体的俯视图,它所对应的物体是()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:从俯视图可以看出直观图的下面部分为长方体,上面部分为圆柱,且与下面的长方体的顶面的两边相切高度相同.符合这些条件的只有A,故选A.3.(3分)如图是两个可以自由转动的转盘,转盘各被等分成三个扇形,并分别标上1,2,3和6,7,8这6个数字.如果同时转动两个转盘各一次(指针落在等分线上重转),转盘停止后,则指针指向的数字和为偶数的概率是()A.B.C.D.【解答】解:画树状图得:∴一共有9种等可能的结果,指针指向的数字和为偶数的有4种情况,∴指针指向的数字和为偶数的概率是:.故选C.4.(3分)巴中日报讯:今年我市小春粮油再获丰收,全市产量预计由前年的45万吨提升到50万吨,设从前年到今年我市的粮油产量年平均增长率为x,则可列方程为()A.45+2x=50 B.45(1+x)2=50 C.50(1﹣x)2=45 D.45(1+2x)=50【解答】解:依题意得:去年的粮油产量为:45(1+x)则今年的粮油产量为:45(1+x)(1+x)=45(1+x)2=50;故选B.5.(3分)反比例函数(m为常数)当x<0时,y随x的增大而增大,则m的取值范围是()A.m<0 B.C.D.m≥【解答】解:根据题意得:1﹣2m<0,解得:m>.故选:C.6.(3分)如图,把等腰直角△ABC沿BD折叠,使点A落在边BC上的点E处.下面结论错误的是()A.AB=BE B.AD=DC C.AD=DE D.AD=EC【解答】解:根据折叠性质,有AB=BE,AD=DE,∠A=∠DEC=90°.∴A、C正确;又∠C=45°,∴△CDE是等腰直角三角形,EC=DE,CD>DE.∴D正确,B错误.故选B.7.(3分)张明同学的身高为1.6米,某一时刻他在阳光下的影长为2米,与他邻近一棵树的影长为8米,则这棵树的高是()米.A.10 B.6.4 C.4 D.无法确定【解答】解:设这棵树的高度为xm,根据相同时刻的物高与影长成比例,则可列比例为:,解得:x=6.4.故选:B.8.(3分)(2008•达州)已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,当y<0时,x 的取值范围是()A.﹣1<x<3 B.x>3 C.x<﹣1 D.x>3或x<﹣1【解答】解:∵依题意得图象与x轴的交点是(﹣1,0),(3,0),当y<0时,图象在x轴的下方,此时﹣1<x<3,∴x的取值范围﹣1<x<3.故选A.9.(3分)如图,利用一面墙,用80米长的篱笆围成一个矩形场地,墙长为30m,围成鸡场的最大面积为()平方米.A.800 B.750 C.600 D.2400【解答】解:设矩形的面积为S,所围矩形ABCD的长BC为x(0<x≤30)米,由题意,得S=x•(80﹣x),S=﹣(x﹣40)2+800,易知在x<40的区间内,S单调递增;∴当x=30时,S最大=750,且符合题意.∴当所围矩形的长为30m、宽为25m时,能使矩形的面积最大,最大面积为750 m2.故选B.10.(3分)如图,在菱形ABCD中,AE⊥BC于点E,EC=4,,则菱形的周长是()A.10 B.20 C.40 D.28【解答】解:∵,∴cosB=.∵在菱形ABCD中,AE⊥BC于点E,EC=4,∴BE:AB=(BC﹣EC):BC=3:5,∴BC=10,则菱形的周长=10×4=40.故选C.11.(3分)已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,下列结论:①abc>0;②2a+b <0;③4a﹣2b+c<0;④b2﹣4ac>0,其中正确结论的个数为()A.4个B.3个C.2个D.1个【解答】解:∵图象开口向下,∴a<0,∵x=﹣>0,∴b>0,∵图象与y轴的正半轴相交,∴c>0,∴abc<0,故①错误;∵抛物线的对称轴x=﹣<1,a<0,∴b<﹣2a,∴2a+b<0,故②正确;∵当x=﹣2时,y<0,∴4a﹣2b+c<0,故③正确;∵图象和x轴交于两点,∴b2﹣4ac>0,故④正确.故选B.12.(3分)(2011•桐乡市一模)如图,直线y=2x与双曲线(x>0)交于点A,将直线y=2x向右平移3个单位后,与双曲线(x>0)交于点B,与x轴交于点C.若,则k的值为()A.12 B.10 C.8 D.6【解答】解:∵直线y=2x与双曲线(x>0)交于点A,将直线y=2x向右平移3个单位后,∴y=2(x﹣3)=2x﹣6,∵与双曲线(x>0)交于点B,与x轴交于点C.若,∴AD=2BE,∴假设B点的横坐标为3+x,∴B点的纵坐标为:y=2(x+3)﹣6=2x,∴BE=2x,AD=4x,∵y=2x,∴OD=AD=2x,∴A点的纵坐标为:4x,根据A,B都在反比例函数图象上得出:∴2x×4x=(3+x)×2x,x=1,∴k的值为:2×1×4×1=8,故选:C.二、填空题(每题3分,共12分)13.(3分)方程x(x﹣1)=x的根是x1=0,x2=2.【解答】解:由原方程,得x2﹣2x=0,∴x(x﹣2)=0,∴x﹣2=0或x=0,解得x1=2,x2=0.故答案为:x1=2,x2=0.14.(3分)布袋中装有1个红球,2个白球,3个黑球,它们除颜色外完全相同,从袋中任意摸出两个球,摸出的两球都是白球的概率是.【解答】解:画图如下:一共有30种情况,其中两个球都是白球的有2种情况,因此摸出的两球都是白球的概率是=.故答案为:.15.(3分)如图,已知反比例函数y=(k≠0)与直线y=x交于A、C两点,AB⊥x轴于点B,若S△ABC=6,则反比例函数的解析式为y=.【解答】解:过C作CD⊥x轴于D,设A的坐标是(a,b),则根据双曲线的两个分支关于原点对称,则C的坐标是(﹣a,﹣b),则ab=k,OB=a,AB=b,CD=b,∵S△ABC=S△AOB+S△COB=4,∴ab+ab=6,即k+k=6,解得k=6,故该反比例函数解析式为:y=.故答案为:y=.16.(3分)如图,△ABC的内心在y轴上,点C的坐标为(2,0),点B的坐标是(0,2),直线AC的解析式为,则tanA的值是.【解答】解:根据三角形内心的特点知∠ABO=∠CBO,∵已知点C、点B的坐标,∴OB=OC,∠OBC=45°,∠ABC=90°可知△ABC为直角三角形,BC=2,∵点A在直线AC上,设A点坐标为(x,x﹣1),根据两点距离公式可得:AB2=x2+,AC2=(x﹣2)2+,在Rt△ABC中,AB2+BC2=AC2,解得:x=﹣6,y=﹣4,∴AB=6,∴tanA===.故答案为:.三、解答题(17、18每题5分,19、20、21、22题8分,23题10分)17.(5分)sin45°﹣cos30°•tan60°+(π﹣3.14)0.【解答】解:原式=×﹣×+1=﹣+1=﹣.18.(5分)解方程:﹣2x2=﹣7x+3.【解答】解:移项得:2x2﹣7x+3=0,(2x﹣1)(x﹣3)=0,2x﹣1=0,x﹣3=0,x1=,x2=3.19.(8分)如图,在△ABC中,D、E分别是AB、AC的中点,BE=2DE,延长DE到点F,使得EF=BE,连接CF.(1)求证:四边形BCFE是菱形;(2)若CE=4,∠BCF=120°,求菱形BCFE的面积.【解答】(1)证明:∵D、E分别是AB、AC的中点,∴DE∥BC且2DE=BC,又∵BE=2DE,EF=BE,∴EF=BC,EF∥BC,∴四边形BCFE是平行四边形,又∵BE=FE,∴四边形BCFE是菱形;(2)解:∵∠BCF=120°,∴∠EBC=60°,∴△EBC是等边三角形,∴菱形的边长为4,高为2,∴菱形的面积为4×2=8.20.(8分)四张扑克牌的牌面如图①所示,将扑克牌洗均匀后,如图②背面朝上放置在桌面上.(1)若随机抽取一张扑克牌,则牌面数字恰好为5的概率是;(2)规定游戏规则如下:若同时随机抽取两张扑克牌,抽到两张牌的牌面数字之和是偶数为胜;反之,则为负.你认为这个游戏是否公平?请说明理由.【解答】解:(1)四张牌中,有二张“5”,故其概率为=.故答案为:.(2)不公平.画树状图如图所示:∴P(和为偶数)=,P(和为奇数)=;∵P(和为偶数)≠P(和为奇数),∴游戏不公平.21.(8分)大楼AD的高为10米,不远处有一塔BC,某人在楼底A处测得塔顶B处的仰角为60°,爬到楼顶D点测得塔顶B点的仰角为30°,求塔BC的高度.【解答】解:过点B作BE⊥AD,交AD延长线于点E.(1分)在Rt△BED中,∵D点测得塔顶B点的仰角为30°,∴∠BDE=60度.设DE=x,则BE=x.(2分)在Rt△BEA中,∠BAE=30度,BE=x.∴AE=3x.(3分)∴AD=AE﹣DE=3x﹣x=2x=10.∴x=5.(4分)∴BC=AD+DE=10+5=15(米).(5分)答:塔BC的高度为15米.22.(8分)某商场以每件50元的价格购进一种商品,销售中发现这种商品每天的销售量m (件)与每件的销售价x(元)满足一次函数,其图象如图所示.(1)求出每天的销售数量m(件)与每件的销售价格x(元)的函数解析式;(2)求该商场每天销售这种商品的销售利润y(元)与每件的销售价格x(元)之间的函数表达式;保证商场赢利并使得每件的售价不超过80元,求出每天商场的最大利润.【解答】解:(1)设出一次函数的一般表达式m=kx+b,将(0,100)(100,0)代入得:,解得:k=﹣1,b=100,故每天的销售数量m(件)与每件的销售价格x(元)的函数解析式为:m=﹣x+100(0≤x ≤100);(2)由题意得,y=(x﹣50)(﹣x+100)=﹣x2+150x﹣5000,即y=﹣x2+150x﹣5000;∵y=﹣x2+150x﹣5000=﹣(x﹣75)2+625,∴当x=75元时,每天商场的最大利润是625元.23.(10分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点A的坐标为(1,3),点B在x轴上,△AOB 的面积是3.(1)求过点A、O、B的抛物线的解析式;(2)在(2)中抛物线的对称轴上是否存在点C,使△AOC的周长最小?若存在,求出点C的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由;(3)抛物线的对称轴与x轴交于点D,在抛物线上是否存在点P使得以A,B,D,P为顶点的四边形是梯形?若存在,求出点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.【解答】解:(1)如图1,由△AOB的面积是3,得S△AOB=|OB|y A=3,即|OB|×3=3,解得OB|=2,B(﹣2,0).设抛物线的解析式为y=ax2+bx+c,将A、B、O的坐标代入函数解析式,得,解得,抛物线的解析式为y=x2+2x;(2)如图2,抛物线的解析式为y=x2+2x的对称轴是x=﹣1,由两点之间线段最短,得AC+CO=AB,直线AB与对称轴的交点,即为C点,设AB的解析式为y=kx+b,将A,B点坐标代入,得,解得,AB的解析式为y=x+2.当x=﹣1时,y=﹣1+2=1,即C(﹣1,1);(3)①当AD∥BP时,P点与A点关于x=﹣1对称,P点的横坐标为﹣1﹣[1﹣(﹣1)]=﹣3,P点的纵坐标与A点的纵坐标相等,P1(﹣3,3);②当AD∥BP时,AD的解析式为y=x+,设BP的解析式为y=x+b,将B(﹣2,0)代入函数解析式,解得b=3,BP的解析式为y=x+3,联立BP与抛物线,得,解得(不符合题意,舍),,即P2(,);③如图3,当AB∥DP时,AB的解析式为y=x+2,设DP的解析式为y=x+b,将D(﹣1,0)代入,得b=1,即DP的解析式为y=x+1.联立DP与抛物线,得,解得,,即P3(,),P4(,),综上所述:P1(﹣3,3);P2(,);P3(,),P4(,).。

高考数学(理科)模拟试题含答案(一)精编版

高考数学(理科)模拟试题含答案(一)精编版

高考数学(理科)模拟试题含答案(一)精编版高考理科数学模拟试题精编(一)注意事项:1.作答选择题时,在答题卡上涂黑对应选项的答案信息点。

如需改动,先擦干净再涂其他答案。

不得在试卷上作答。

2.非选择题用黑色钢笔或签字笔作答,写在答题卡指定区域内。

如需改动,先划掉原答案再写新答案。

不得用铅笔或涂改液。

不按要求作答无效。

3.答题卡需整洁无误。

考试结束后,交回试卷和答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。

)1.设全集Q={x|2x²-5x≤0,x∈N},且P⊆Q,则满足条件的集合P的个数是()A。

3B。

4C。

7D。

82.若复数z=m(m-1)+(m-1)i是纯虚数,其中m是实数,则z=()A。

iB。

-iC。

2iD。

-2i3.已知等差数列{an}的公差为5,前n项和为Sn,且a1,a2,a5成等比数列,则S6=()A。

80B。

85C。

90D。

954.XXX每天上学都需要经过一个有交通信号灯的十字路口。

已知十字路口的交通信号灯绿灯亮的时间为40秒,黄灯5秒,红灯45秒。

如果XXX每天到路口的时间是随机的,则XXX上学时到十字路口需要等待的时间不少于20秒的概率是()A。

4/5B。

3/4C。

2/3D。

3/56.已知p:a=±1,q:函数f(x)=ln(x+a²+x²)为奇函数,则p 是q成立的()A。

充分不必要条件B。

必要不充分条件C。

充分必要条件D。

既不充分也不必要条件7.(省略了一个选项) 327.(1+x²+4x)²的常数项为()A。

120B。

160C。

200D。

2408.我们可以用随机模拟的方法估计π的值,如图所示的程序框图表示其基本步骤(函数RAND是产生随机数的函数,它能随机产生(0,1)内的任何一个实数),若输出的结果为521,则由此可估计π的近似值为()A。

3.119B。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考仿真模拟卷数学(一)Word版含解析

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考仿真模拟卷数学(一)Word版含解析

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考仿真模拟卷数学(一)一、单选题1.已知集合{}24xA x =<,{}1B =≤,则A B =( )A .()0,2B .[)1,2C .[]1,2D .()0,12.已知复数z 满足()()()1i 12i 1z z +=+-,则复数z 的实部与虚部的和为( ) A .1B .1-C .15D .15-3.()()51223x x -+的展开式中,x 的系数为( ) A .154B .162C .176D .1804.已知1tan 5α=,则2cos 2sin sin 2ααα=-( ) A .83-B .83C .38-D .385.何尊是我国西周早期的青铜礼器,其造形浑厚,工艺精美,尊内底铸铭文中的“宅兹中国”为“中国”一词的最早文字记载.何尊的形状可以近似地看作是圆台与圆柱的组合体,高约为40cm ,上口直径约为28cm ,下端圆柱的直径约为18cm .经测量知圆柱的高约为24cm ,则估计该何尊可以装酒(不计何尊的厚度,403π1266≈,1944π6107≈)( )A .312750cmB .312800cmC .312850cmD .312900cm6.已知()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数,满足()()2f x f x =-,则()2022f =( ) A .2B .1C .1-D .07.在四棱锥P ABCD -中,ABCD 是边长为2的正方形,AP PD ==PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,则四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的表面积为( )A .4πB .8πC .136π9D .68π38.已知抛物线C :24y x =,O 为坐标原点,A ,B 是抛物线C 上两点,记直线OA ,OB 的斜率分别为1k ,2k ,且1212k k =-,直线AB 与x 轴的交点为P ,直线OA 、OB 与抛物线C 的准线分别交于点M ,N ,则△PMN 的面积的最小值为( )A B C D二、多选题9.已知函数()()1cos 02f x x x ωωω=>的图像关于直线6x π=对称,则ω的取值可以为( ) A .2B .4C .6D .810.在菱形ABCD 中,2AB =,60DAB ∠=,点E 为线段CD 的中点,AC 和BD 交于点O ,则( ) A .0AC BD ⋅= B .2AB AD ⋅= C .14OE BA ⋅=-D .52OE AE ⋅=11.一袋中有3个红球,4个白球,这些球除颜色外,其他完全相同,现从袋中任取3个球,事件A “这3个球都是红球”,事件B “这3个球中至少有1个红球”,事件C “这3个球中至多有1个红球”,则下列判断错误的是( )A .事件A 发生的概率为15B .事件B 发生的概率为310C .事件C 发生的概率为335D .1(|)31P A B =12.对于函数()()32,f x x x cx d c d =+++∈R ,下列说法正确的是( )A .若0d =,则函数()f x 为奇函数B .函数()f x 有极值的充要条件是13c <C .若函数f (x )有两个极值点1x ,2x ,则4412281x x +>D .若2c d ==-,则过点()20,作曲线()y f x =的切线有且仅有3条三、填空题13.已知样本数据1-,1-,2,2,3,若该样本的方差为2s ,极差为t ,则2s t=______. 14.已知圆O :221x y +=与直线l :=1x -,写出一个半径为1,且与圆O 及直线都相切的圆的方程:______.15.已知椭圆()222210x y a b a b+=>>的左顶点为A ,左焦点为F ,过F 作x 轴的垂线在x轴上方交椭圆于点B ,若直线AB 的斜率为32,则该椭圆的离心率为______.16.已知f (x )是偶函数,当0x ≥时,()()2log 1f x x =+,则满足()2f x x >的实数x 的取值范围是______.四、解答题17.已知数列{}n a 是等差数列,1324,,a a a a +成等比数列,56a =. (1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;(2)设数列11n n a a +⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和为n S ,求证:()221n n S n +<+.18.在ABC 中,内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,cos sin cos c B a A b C =-. (1)判断ABC 的形状; (2)若3ab ,D 在BC 边上,2BD CD =,求cos ADB ∠的值.19.如图,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C 中,D 、E 分别是AB 、1BB 的中点,12AA AC CB ==,AB =.(1)求证:1//BC 平面1A CD ;(2)若1BC =,求四棱锥1C A DBE -的体积; (3)求直线1BC 与平面1ACE 所成角的正弦值.20.新高考模式下,数学试卷不分文理卷,学生想得高分比较困难.为了调动学生学习数学的积极性,提高学生的学习成绩,张老师对自己的教学方法进行改革,经过一学期的教学实验,张老师所教的80名学生,参加一次测试,数学学科成绩都在[]50,100内,按区间分组为[)50,60,[)60,70,[)70,80,[)80,90,[]90,100,绘制成如下频率分布直方图,规定不低于80分(百分制)为优秀.(1)求这80名学生的平均成绩(同一区间的数据用该区间中点值作代表);(2)按优秀与非优秀用分层抽样方法随机抽取10名学生座谈,再在这10名学生中,选3名学生发言,记优秀学生发言的人数为随机变量X ,求X 的分布列和期望.21.已知12,F F 分别为双曲线()222210,0x ya b a b-=>>左、右焦点,(P 在双曲线上,且124PF PF ⋅=. (1)求此双曲线的方程;(2)若双曲线的虚轴端点分别为12,B B (2B 在y 轴正半轴上),点,A B 在双曲线上,且()22B A B B μμ=∈R ,11B A B B ⊥,试求直线AB 的方程.22.已知函数()()211e 12x f x a x a x ax a =---+++,()R a ∈.(1)当1a =时,求f (x )的单调区间;(2)当310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,求证:函数f (x )有3个零点.参考答案:1.B【分析】化简集合A 和B ,即可得出A B ⋂的取值范围. 【详解】解:由题意在{}24xA x =<,{}1B =≤中,{}2A x x =<,{}12B x x =≤≤ ∴{}12A B x x ⋂=≤< 故选:B. 2.D【分析】根据复数的运算法则求出复数43i 55z -+=,则得到答案.【详解】(1i)(2i 1)(2i 1)z z +=-+-(2i)2i 1z -=-,2i 1(2i 1)(2i)43i 43i 2i 5555z --+-+====-+-, 故实部与虚部的和为431555-+=-,故选:D. 3.C【分析】根据二项式定理可求得()523x +展开式通项,由此可确定12,T T ,结合多项式乘法运算进行整理即可确定x 的系数. 【详解】()523x +展开式的通项公式为:()55155C 2323C rr r r r r rr T x x --+=⋅⋅=⋅; 当1r =时,412523C 240T x x =⨯=;当0r =时,51232T ==;x ∴的系数为24023224064176-⨯=-=.故选:C. 4.A【分析】利用二倍角公式化简为正、余弦的齐次分式,分式上下同除2cos α,代入1tan 5α=可得答案.【详解】2222cos 2cos sin sin sin 2sin 2sin cos αααααααα-=--22111tan 825123tan 2tan 255ααα--===---, 故选:A. 5.C【分析】根据圆柱和圆台的体积公式计算可得结果. 【详解】下端圆柱的体积为:224π91944π⋅=6107≈3cm ,上端圆台的体积为:()22116π1414993⨯+⨯+16π4033=⨯1612663≈⨯6752=3cm , 所以该何尊的体积估计为61076752+=128593cm . 因为12850最接近12859,所以估计该何尊可以装酒128503cm . 故选:C 6.D【分析】根据函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数,且()()2f x f x =-得出函数()f x 是周期为4的周期函数,进而求解.【详解】因为函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数,且()()2f x f x =-, 所以(2)()()f x f x f x +=-=-,所以(4)()f x f x +=, 即函数()f x 是周期为4的周期函数,因为函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数,所以(0)0f =, 因为()()2f x f x =-,所以(2)(0)0f f ==, 又因为202245052=⨯+,所以(2022)(2)0f f ==, 故选:D . 7.C【分析】将该四棱锥的外接球放在一个长方体内,画出图形,利用已知条件找出球心,建立相应的关系式,求出外接球的半径,利用球体表面积公式计算即可. 【详解】由题意将该四棱锥放在一个长方体的中, 如图∴所示:取AD 的中点H ,连接PH ,连接,AC BD 交于1O ,由AP PD =则在等腰PAD 中有:PH AD ⊥,又平面PAD ⊥平面ABCD ,且平面PAD ⋂平面ABCD=AD , 则PH ⊥平面ABCD , 又112AH AD ==, 所以在Rt PAH △中,3PH ===,由底面为正方形ABCD ,所以它的外接圆的圆心为对角线的交点1O , 连接1O H ,则1PH O H ⊥,PAD 外接圆的圆心为2O ,且在PH 上,过点1O ,2O 分别作平面ABCD 与平面PAD 的垂线,则两垂线必交于点O ,点O 即为四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心, 且1OO ⊥平面ABCD ,又PH ⊥平面ABCD ,即2O H ⊥平面ABCD , 所以1OO ∥PH ,所以四边形12OO HO 为矩形. 如图∴连接2AO ,则22AO PO =,在2Rt AO H 中,22223O H PH PO PH AO AO =-=-=-,所以()2222222213AO AH HO AO =+=+-,解得253AO =,所以254333O H =-=,所以1243OO O H ==, 在图∴中连接OB ,由112O B BD =所以在1Rt OO B 中,OB ==即四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的半径为R OB ==, 所以四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的表面积为: 221364πR 4ππ9S ==⨯=⎝⎭,故选:C. 8.D【分析】设出A 、B 的坐标,由1212k k =-解得12y y 的值,再分别求出点M 、点N 的坐标,求得||MN 的式子,研究AB l 恒过x 轴上的定点可得点P 的坐标,进而用方法1基本不等式或方法2函数思想求得三角形面积的最小值.【详解】设211(,)4y A y ,222(,)4y B y ,则114k y =,224k y =, ∴12121612k k y y ==- ∴1232y y =-, ∴设OA l :14y x y =,令=1x -得:14y y =-,∴14(1,)M y --,同理:24(1,)N y -- ∴12121212||44||||4||8y y y y MN y y y y --=-+==, 设AB l :x my t =+,221044x my t y my t y x=+⎧⇒--=⎨=⎩ 20m t ∆=+>,124y y m +=,124y y t ,又∴1232y y =-,∴432t -=-,解得:8t =, ∴AB l :8x my =+恒过点(8,0),∴AB l 与x 轴交点P 的坐标为(8,0),即:(8,0)P , ∴点P 到准线=1x -的距离为8+1=9. 方法1:1211||1321||||888y y MN y y -==+≥⨯=1||y =.∴19||9||22PMN S MN MN =⨯=≥△, ∴∴PMN的面积的最小值为2. 方法2:12||||8y y MN -==∴20m ≥∴||MN ≥m =0时取得最小值.∴19||9||22PMN S MN MN =⨯=≥△, ∴∴PMN故选:D. 9.AD【分析】首先将函数()f x 化成一个三角函数,然后根据对称轴公式求得ω的表达式,对整数k 赋值求得结果.【详解】()()1cos sin 26f x x x x ωωωπ=+=+,因为函数()f x 的图象关于直线6x π=对称,所以662k ωπππ+=+π,k ∈Z ,解得26k ω=+,因为0ω>,所以当0k =时,2ω=;所以当1k =时,8ω=. 故选:AD. 10.ABD【分析】以O 为坐标原点可建立平面直角坐标系,利用平面向量数量积的坐标运算依次验证各个选项即可.【详解】四边形ABCD 为菱形,AC BD ∴⊥,则以O 为坐标原点,,OC OD 正方向为,x y 轴,可建立如图所示平面直角坐标系,2AB AD ==,60DAB ∠=,2BD ∴=,OA OC ===()0,0O ∴,()A ,()0,1B -,()0,1D ,12E ⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭,对于A ,ACBD ,0AC BD ∴⋅=,A 正确;对于B ,()3,1AB =-,()3,1AD =,312AB AD ∴⋅=-=,B 正确;对于C ,3122OE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,()BA =-,31122OE BA ∴⋅=-+=-,C 错误; 对于D ,3122OE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,3122AE ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,915442OE AE ∴⋅=+=,D 正确. 故选:ABD. 11.ABC【分析】根据题意求出基本事件总数、满足条件的基本事件数,利用古典概型概率公式及条件概率公式求解即可.【详解】由题意7个球中任取3个球的基本事件总数为:37C 35=这3个球都是红球的基本事件数为:33C 1=,所以事件A 发生的概率为:1()35P A =,故A 错误, 这3个球中至少有1个红球的基本事件数为:1221334343C C C C +C 1812131⋅+⋅=++=,所以事件B 发生的概率为:31()35P B =,故B 错误, 这3个球中至多有1个红球的基本事件数为:123344C C C 18422⋅+=+=,事件C 发生的概率为22()35P C =,故C 错误, 因为1()()35P AB P A ==, 所以由条件概率公式得:1()135(|)31()3135P AB P A B P B ===, 故D 正确, 故选:ABC. 12.BCD【分析】对于A :利用奇偶性的定义直接判断;对于B :利用极值的计算方法直接求解;对于C :先求出13c <,表示出244122161692781c x x c +=-+,即可求出;对于D :设切点()00,x y ,由导数的几何意义得到3200025460x x x --+=.设()322546g x x x x =--+,利用导数判断出函数()g x 有三个零点,即可求解.【详解】对于A :当0d =时,()32f x x x cx =++定义域为R .因为()()()()()3232f x x x c x x x cx f x -=-+-+-=-+-≠-, 所以函数()f x 不是奇函数.故A 错误;对于B :函数()f x 有极值⇔ ()f x 在R 上不单调.由()32f x x x cx d =+++求导得:()232f x x x c =++'.()f x 在R 上不单调⇔()f x '在R 上有正有负⇔4430c ∆=-⨯>⇔13c <.故B 正确.对于C :若函数f (x )有两个极值点1x ,2x ,必满足0∆>,即13c <.此时1x ,2x 为2320x x c ++=的两根,所以1212233x x c x x ⎧+=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩. 所以()22212121242293c x x x x x x +=+-=-.所以()()222244222212121242216162293992781cc c x x x xx x c +=+-=--=-+ 对称轴164272329c -=-=⨯,所以当13c <时,()224412216162116116292781932738181c x x c +=-+>⨯-⨯+=. 即4412281x x +>.故C 正确;对于D :若2c d ==-时,()3222f x x x x =+--.所以()2322f x x x '=+-.设切点()00,x y ,则有:()3200002000002203222y x x x y f x x x x ⎧=+--⎪-⎨=+-=⎪-⎩', 消去0y ,整理得:3200025460x x x --+=不妨设()322546g x x x x =--+,则()26104g x x x '=--.令()0g x '>,解得:2x >或13x <-;令()0g x '<,解得: 123x -<<.所以()g x 在1,3⎛⎫-∞- ⎪⎝⎭,()2,+∞上单调递增,在1,23⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减.所以()()()()()32111119254660333327g x g =-=-----+=>极大值, ()()322225242660g x g ==⨯-⨯-⨯+=-<极小值.所以作出的图像如图所示:因为函数()g x 有三个零点,所以方程3200025460x x x --+=有三个根,所以过点()20,作曲线()y f x =的切线有且仅有3条.故D 正确. 故选:BCD. 13.710##0.7 【分析】根据极差的定义可得()314t =--=,先求出平均数,再从方差,从而可求2s t.【详解】极差()314t =--=,平均数为()()1122315-+-+++=,故方差()()()()()222222114111*********s ⎡⎤=--+--+-+-+-=⎣⎦. 所以21475410s t ==.故答案为:710. 14.()2221x y +-=(答案不唯一)【分析】根据圆的圆心和半径,结合直线和圆的位置关系及两个圆的位置关系计算即可. 【详解】设圆心C 为()00,x y ,由已知圆C 与直线l :=1x -相切, 圆C 与圆O :221x y +=相切,可得0112x ⎧--=,即得0002x y =⎧⎨=⎩或0002x y =⎧⎨=-⎩或0020x y =-⎧⎨=⎩, 且已知半径为1,所以圆的方程可以为: ()2221x y +-=或()2221x y ++=或2221x y故答案为: ()2221x y +-=(答案不唯一) 15.12##0.5【分析】由题意设(),0A a -,2,b B c a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,再由232AB b a k c a -==-+结合222a b c =+,即可得出答案.【详解】由题意可得,(),0A a -,(),0F c -,令椭圆()222210x y a b a b +=>>中x c =-,解得:2b y a=±,所以2,b B c a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,而2032AB b a k c a -==-+,则2232a c a c a c a a -+==-+, 解得:12e =. 故答案为:12. 16.()(),01,-∞⋃+∞【分析】利用奇偶性和函数的单调性解不等式.【详解】当0x ≥时,()()2log 1f x x +,函数在[)0,∞+上单调递增,∴()(0)0f x f ≥=,又()f x 是偶函数,所以()f x 的值域为[)0,∞+.当0x ≥时,()()2log 1f x x +,不等式()2f x x >()22log 1x x +>,即()22log 10x x+->,设()22()log 1g x x x =+-,由函数y =()2log 1y x =+,2y x=-在()0,∞+上都是增函数, 得()g x 在()0,∞+上是增函数,由(1)0g =,则()0(1)g x g >=解得1x >; 当0x <时,由函数值域可知()0f x >,此时20x<,所以()2f x x >恒成立;综上可知,满足()2f x x>的实数x 的取值范围是()(),01,-∞⋃+∞.故答案为:()(),01,-∞⋃+∞ 17.(1)1n a n =+ (2)证明见解析【分析】(1)根据等比数列定义和等差数列通项公式可构造方程组求得1,a d ,进而确定n a ; (2)利用裂项相消法可求得n S ,整理即可证得结论. 【详解】(1)设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ,1324,,a a a a +成等比数列,()23124a a a a ∴=+,即()()2111224a d a a d +=+,又5146a a d =+=,则由()()2111122446a d a a d a d ⎧+=+⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得:121a d =⎧⎨=⎩或163a d =-⎧⎨=⎩, 当16a =-,3d =时,30a =,不满足1324,,a a a a +成等比数列,舍去; 12a ∴=,1d =,()211n a n n ∴=+-=+.(2)由(1)得:()()111111212n n a a n n n n +==-++++, 1111111111233445112n S n n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫∴=-+-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-+- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭()112222n n n =-=++, ()221n n S n n ∴+=<+.18.(1)直角三角形 (2)0【分析】(1)根据正弦定理的边角互化,即可得到结果;(2)由(1)中结论即可得到cos B ∠,从而得到AD 的值,然后在ABD △中结合余弦定理即可得到结果.【详解】(1)因为cos sin cos c B a A b C =-,由正弦定理可得, 2sin cos sin cos sin C B B C A +=即()2sin sin B C A +=所以()2sin sin ,0,πsin 1A A A A =∈⇒=且()0,πA ∈,所以π2A =即ABC 是直角三角形.(2)在直角ABC 中,有22223b c a b +==,即222c b =,所以c =, 又因为2BD CD =,所以23BD BC ==且cos c B a === 在ABD △中,由余弦定理可得,22222242cos 2b b AD AB BD AD B AB BD +-+-∠===⋅解得AD =, 在ABD △中由余弦定理可得,222222242cos 02b b b AD BD AB ADB AD BD +-+-∠===⋅19.(1)证明见解析 (2)23【分析】(1)连接1AC 交1A C 于点F ,连接EF ,则F 为1AC 的中点,利用中位线的性质可得出1DF //BC ,再利用线面平行的判定定理可证得结论成立;(2)过点C 在平面ABC 内作CM AB ⊥,垂足为点M ,证明出CM ⊥平面11AA B B ,计算出CM 的长以及四边形1A DBE 的面积,利用锥体的体积公式可求得四棱锥1C A DBE -的体积; (3)设1BC =,以点C 为坐标原点,CA 、CB 、1CC 所在直线分别为x 、y 、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系,利用空间向量法可求得直线1BC 与平面1A CE 所成角的正弦值. 【详解】(1)证明:连接1AC 交1A C 于点F ,连接EF ,则F 为1AC 的中点, 因为D 、F 分别为AB 、1AC 的中点,则1DF //BC ,因为DF ⊂平面1A CD ,1BC ⊄平面1A CD ,1//BC ∴平面1A CD . (2)解:因为1BC =,则122AA AC CB ===,AB == 222AC BC AB ∴+=,即AC BC ⊥,过点C 在平面ABC 内作CM AB ⊥,垂足为点M , 因为1AA ⊥平面ABC ,CM ⊂平面ABC ,1CM AA ∴⊥,又因为CM AB ⊥,1AB AA A ⋂=,AB 、1AA ⊂平面11AA B B ,CM ∴⊥平面11AA B B ,由等面积法可得AC BC CM AB ⋅==因为1AA ⊥平面ABC ,AB ⊂平面ABC ,1AA AB ∴⊥,又因为11//AA BB 且11AA BB =,故四边形11AA B B 为矩形,所以,1111111212AA D A B E AA B B A DBE S S S S ⎫=--==⎪⎪⎝⎭△△矩形四边形11112333C A DBE A DBE V S CM -∴=⋅==四边形.(3)解:不妨设1BC =,因为AC BC ⊥,1CC ⊥平面ABC ,以点C 为坐标原点,CA 、CB 、1CC 所在直线分别为x 、y 、z 轴建立如下图所示的空间直角坐标系,则()0,1,0B 、()0,0,0C 、()10,0,2C 、()12,0,2A 、()0,1,1E , 设平面1A CE 的法向量为(),,n x y z =,()12,0,2CA =,()0,1,1CE =, 则1220n CA x z n CE y z ⎧⋅=+=⎪⎨⋅=+=⎪⎩,取1x =,可得()1,1,1n =-, 因为()10,1,2BC =-,则111cos ,BC n BC n BC n⋅<>==-=⋅因此,直线1BC 与平面1A CE20.(1)73.5(2)分布列见解析;期望()910E X =【分析】(1)根据频率分布直方图估计平均数的方法直接计算即可;(2)根据频率分布直方图可确定优秀与非优秀学生对应的频率,根据分层抽样原则可确定10名学生中优秀学员的人数,由此可得X 所有可能的取值,根据超几何分布概率公式可求得X 每个取值对应的概率,由此可得分布列;由数学期望计算公式可求得期望. 【详解】(1)80名学生的平均成绩为()550.01650.03750.03850.025950.00510⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯⨯=73.5.(2)根据频率分布直方图知:优秀学员对应的频率为()0.0250.005100.3+⨯=,则非优秀学员对应的频率为10.30.7-=,∴抽取的10名学生中,有优秀学生100.33⨯=人,非优秀学生100.77⨯=人;则X 所有可能的取值为0,1,2,3,()37310C 3570C 12024P X ====;()1237310C C 63211C 12040P X ====;()2137310C C 2172C 12040P X ====;()33310C 13C 120P X ===;X ∴的分布列为:∴数学期望()721719012324404012010E X =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=. 21.(1)22145x y -=(2)y x =+y =【分析】(1)根据平面向量数量积坐标运算和点在双曲线上,可构造方程组求得22,a b 的值,由此可得双曲线方程;(2)由2,,A B B 三点共线可设:AB y kx =+用向量垂直的坐标表示,代入韦达定理结论可解方程求得k 的值,由此可得直线AB 方程. 【详解】(1)设()1,0F c -,()()2,00F c c >,则(1PF c =--,(2PF c =-,212854PF PF c ∴⋅=-+=,解得:3c =,229a b ∴+=;又P 在双曲线上,则22851a b-=,24a ∴=,25b =, ∴双曲线的方程为:22145x y -=.(2)由(1)得:(10,B,(2B ,()22B A B B μμ=∈R ,2,,A B B ∴三点共线,直线AB斜率显然存在,可设:AB y kx =+()11,A x y ,()22,B x y ,由22145y kx x y ⎧=⎪⎨-=⎪⎩得:()2254400k x ---=,()22540Δ801040k k ⎧-≠⎪∴⎨=->⎪⎩,即252k <且254k ≠,12x x ∴+=1224054x x k =--, 11B A B B ⊥,110B A B B ∴⋅=,又(111,B A x y =,(122,B B x y =,()1112121212125B A B B x x y y x x y y y y ∴⋅=+=+++(()1212125x x kx kx k x x =++++()()()222121222401801202005454k k kx xx x k k+=++++=-++=--,解得:k =252k <且254k ≠,∴直线AB方程为:y x =y = 【点睛】关键点点睛:本题考查直线与椭圆的综合应用问题,解题关键是能够利用平面向量垂直关系的坐标表示来构造等量关系,结合韦达定理的结论得到关于所求变量的方程的形式,从而解方程求得变量的值.22.(1)函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(,0)-∞和(1,)+∞,单调递减区间为(0,1). (2)证明过程见详解【分析】(1) 因为1a =,所以函数()()212e 22x f x x x x =--++,对函数求导,利用导函数的正负来判断函数的单调性即可求解;(2)对函数进行求导,求出导函数的零点,根据条件可得:函数()f x 在(,)a -∞和(ln ,)a -+∞上单调递增,在(,ln )a a -上单调递减,然后利用零点存在性定理即可证明.【详解】(1)因为1a =,所以函数()()212e 22x f x x x x =--++,所以()e (2)e 1(1)(e 1)x x x f x x x x '=+--+=--,当1x >或0x <时,()0f x '>,此时函数()f x 单调递增; 当01x <<时,()0f x '<,此时函数()f x 单调递减; 综上:函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(,0)-∞和(1,)+∞, 单调递减区间为(0,1).(2)因为函数()()211e 12x f x a x a x ax a =---+++,所以()e (1)e ()e ()()(e 1)x x x x f x a a x a x a a x a x a x a a '=+---+=---=--,令()0f x '=可得:x a =或ln x a =-,因为310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,所以ln 3a ->,当x a <或ln x a >-时,()0f x '>,此时函数()f x 单调递增; 当ln a x a <<-时,()0f x '<,此时函数()f x 单调递减;所以函数()f x 在(,)a -∞和(ln ,)a -+∞上单调递增,在(,ln )a a -上单调递减,故当x a =时,函数取极大值()()22e 10102aaf a a a f a =-+++>=->,因为当2x =-时,221(2)(3)10ef a a a -=-+--<;所以0(2,)x a ∃∈-,使得0()0f x =; 当ln x a =-时,函数取极小值,ln 2211(ln )(ln 1)e (ln )ln 1ln ln (ln )22a f a a a a a a a a a a a a --=-----++=---1ln (1ln )02a a a =-++<,(因为ln 3a ->,所以13ln 22a <-,因为3110e 2a <<<,所以312a +<,也即11ln 02a a ++<)所以0(,ln )x a a '∃∈-,使得0()0f x '=;又当x →+∞时,()f x →+∞,所以0(ln ,)x a ''∃∈-+∞,使得0()0f x ''=;故当310,e a ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,函数()f x 有3个零点.【点睛】函数零点的求解与判断方法:答案第17页,共17页 (1)直接求零点:令()0f x =,如果能求出解,则有几个解就有几个零点.(2)零点存在性定理:利用定理不仅要函数在区间[,]a b 上是连续不断的曲线,且()()0f a f b <,还必须结合函数的图象与性质(如单调性、奇偶性)才能确定函数有多少个零点.(3)利用导数求出函数的极值点,再利用零点存在性定理进行判断零点的个数.。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试示范性试题(一)

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试示范性试题(一)

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一模拟考试英语科示范试题(一)本试卷满分150分考试用时120分钟【本示范卷说明:本卷由全国新高考地区各级优秀英语教师选编而成,试题排版严格按照高考试题排布。

命题质量高,仅供高三一线教学老师参考使用以便了解2023年高考命题动向,不作其他使用】第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Which gate should the woman go to?A.Gate20.B.Gate30.C.Gate35.2.What type of book is the woman reading?A.Science fiction.B.Horror fiction.C.Romantic fiction. 3.Where does the conversation take place?A.In a restaurant.B.In a shop.C.In a cinema. 4.What day is it when they are talking?A.Tuesday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.A stranger.B.An artwork.C.A suspect.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

11月7日NOIP赛前模拟一(解题分析)

11月7日NOIP赛前模拟一(解题分析)

2010年NOIP模拟试题(一)解题分析1、开灯(light.pas/c/cpp; 时限:1s; 64MB)【问题描述】在一条无限长的路上,有一排无限长的路灯,编号为1,2,3,4,…每一盏灯只有两种可能的状态,开或者关。

如果按一下某一盏灯的开关,那么这盏灯的状态将发生改变。

如果原来是开,将变成关。

如果原来是关,将变成开。

在刚开始的时候,所有的灯都是关的。

胖胖每次可以进行如下的操作:指定两个数a,t(a为实数,t为正整数)。

将编号为[a],[a*2],[a*3],…,[a*t]的灯的开关各按一次。

其中[k]表示实数k的整数部分。

在胖胖进行了n次操作后,胖胖突然发现,这个时候只有一盏灯是开的,胖胖很想知道这盏灯的编号,可是这盏灯离胖胖太远了,胖胖看不清编号是多少。

幸好,胖胖还记得之前的n次操作。

于是胖胖找到了你,你能帮他计算出这盏开着的灯的编号吗?【输入格式】第一行一个正整数n,表示n次操作。

接下来有n行,每行两个数a i,t i。

其中a i是实数,小数点后一定有6位,t i是正整数。

【输出格式】仅一个正整数,那盏开着的灯的编号。

【输入样例】31.618034 132.618034 71.0000000 21【输出样例】20【数据规模】- 1 -记T=t1+t2+t3+…+tn对于30%的数据,满足T≤1000对于80%的数据,满足T≤200000对于100%的数据,满足T≤2000000对于100%的数据,满足n≤5000,1≤ai≤1000,1≤ti≤T数据保证,在经过n次操作后,有且只有一盏灯是开的,不必判错。

【解题分析】题目大意:给定T个数,如果将这T个数两两配对,最后恰好剩下一个数(数据保证只有一盏灯是开的),这个数就是本题的答案。

解法一:容易想到,先将这些数进行排序,然后从小到大进行配对,当发现有一个数无法配对的时候,这个数就是答案。

使用快速排序,时间复杂度为O(nlogn)。

解法二:这个解法不容易想到,使用异或操作。

2024届新高考物理模拟卷1(广东卷)

2024届新高考物理模拟卷1(广东卷)

2024届新高考物理模拟卷1(广东卷)一、单选题:本题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分 (共7题)第(1)题一敞口正方体水箱边长为0.4m,水箱的右侧面上有一个小孔a(孔的大小忽略不计),用塞子将a堵住,往水箱中注水至水面到达c,如图所示c、a间的高度差为0.3m,重力加速度大小为。

现使水箱以的加速度水平向右匀加速直线运动,同时打开小孔,待水面稳定后,发现有体积的水流出,小孔a到水箱底部的距离是( )A.0.05m B.0.075m C.0.01m D.0.0125m第(2)题如图所示,空间中同一水平面上有两根平行固定的,通有相同电流的长直导线L1、L2,电流方向均垂直于纸面向外。

现将另一根质量为m,长为L的导线L3平行于L1、L2放置在二者连线的中垂线上,当给L3通以电流Ⅰ时,其恰好能静止。

已知重力加速度为g,下列说法正确的是( )A.L3可能处于导线L1、L2连线的中点B.L3中电流的方向一定垂直于纸面向里C.L3中电流的方向一定垂直于纸面向外D.L3所在位置的磁感应强度大小为第(3)题图甲为超声波悬浮仪,上方圆柱体中,高频电信号(由图乙电路产生)通过压电陶瓷转换成同频率的高频声信号,发出超声波,下方圆柱体将接收到的超声波信号反射回去。

两列超声波信号叠加后,会出现振幅几乎为零的点——节点,在节点两侧声波压力的作用下,小水珠能在节点处附近保持悬浮状态,该情境可等效简化为图丙所示情形,图丙为某时刻两列超声波的波形图,P、Q为波源,点、点分别为两列波的波前,已知声波传播的速度为340m/s,LC振荡回路的振荡周期为,则下列说法正确的是( )A.该超声波悬浮仪所发出的超声波信号频率为340HzB.两列波稳定叠加后,波源P、Q之间小水珠共有10个悬浮点C.两列波稳定叠加后,波源P、Q之间振幅为2A的点共有8个D.拔出图乙线圈中的铁芯,可以减少悬浮仪中的节点个数第(4)题交警使用的某型号酒精测试仪如图1所示,其工作原理如图2所示,传感器的电阻值R随酒精气体浓度的增大而减小,电源的电动势为E,内阻为r,电路中的电表均可视为理想电表。

药理学专业知识-模拟试卷(一)

药理学专业知识-模拟试卷(一)

《专业知识》模拟试卷(一)一、A11.与剂量无关的不良反应最可能是A.副作用B.后遗效应C.毒性作用D.致癌性E.变态反应【正确答案】E【答案解析】变态反应(过敏反应、超敏反应):是指少数致敏的机体对某些药物产生的一种病理性免疫反应。

其发生与药物的用药剂量无关,因此不能通过减少药物剂量来避免其发生;反应性质各不相同,不易预知,但过敏体质者易发生。

2.受体只需与很低浓度的配体结合就能产生显著的效应,此特征称为A.特异性B.敏感性C.饱和性D.可逆性E.多样性【正确答案】B【答案解析】受体特性1.特异性受体对其配体具有高度特异性识别能力,能与其结构相适应的配体特异性结合。

2.敏感性受体只需与很低浓度的配体结合就能产生显著的效应。

3.饱和性因受体的数目是有限的,当配体达到某一浓度时,其最大结合值不再随配体浓度增加而增大。

作用于同一受体的配体之间存在竞争结合现象。

4.可逆性受体与配体的结合是可逆的,配体-受体复合物可以解离,且配体与受体的结合可被其他特异性配体置换。

5.多样性同一受体类型可广泛分布在不同的细胞而产生不同的效应。

受体的多样性是受体亚型分类的基础。

3.治疗成人慢性失血(如内痔出血)所致的贫血应选用A.氨甲苯酸B.硫酸亚铁C.叶酸D.亚叶酸钙E.维生素 B12【正确答案】B【答案解析】铁剂主要用于下列因素引起的缺铁性贫血:①失铁过多(如溃疡出血、月经过多、痔疮、钩虫病等慢性失血);②铁需要量增加(如妊娠、哺乳及儿童生长发育期等);③铁吸收障碍(如慢性腹泻、萎缩性胃炎等)。

4.药物的副作用是指在下列哪种剂量时出现的A.无效量B.最小有效量C.最小中毒量D.极量E.治疗剂量【正确答案】E【答案解析】药物治疗量时出现的与治疗目的无关的不适反应,称副作用或副反应。

5.研究药物对机体的作用及其作用机制,以阐明药物防治疾的规律属于A.药代动力学B.药效动力学C.临床药理学D.临床药学E.临床药物治疗学【正确答案】B【答案解析】药物效应动力学:简称药效学,主要研究药物对机体的作用及其规律,阐明药物防治疾病的机制。

2023年天津市静海一中高考物理模拟试卷(一)+答案解析(附后)

2023年天津市静海一中高考物理模拟试卷(一)+答案解析(附后)

2023年天津市静海一中高考物理模拟试卷(一)1. 下列表格中,关于物理学史与物理思想方法,叙述正确的是( )A. “牛顿第一定律”是牛顿通过大量的试验得出的B. 开普勒测出了万有引力常量的数值,被称为测定地球质量的第一人C. 爱因斯坦的相对论否定了牛顿力学理论,成功解决了宏观物体的高速运动问题D. 麦克斯韦认为磁场变化会在空间激发一种电场,这种电场不是由电荷产生的2. 弹簧锁在关门时免去了使用钥匙的繁琐,为我们的生活带来了方便。

缓慢关门时门锁的示意图如图所示,关门方向为图中箭头方向,锁舌所夹的角度为,若弹簧始终处于压缩状态,门的宽度视为远大于锁舌的尺寸,如图所在的瞬间,门边缘向内的速度为v,则下列说法错误的是( )A. 关门时弹簧弹力变大B. 如图时锁舌相对于门的速度为C. 如果图中的变小,关门时会更费力D. 关门时锁舌对锁壳的弹力等于弹簧的弹力3. 2019年3月10日,长征三号乙运载火箭将“中星6C”通信卫星记为卫星送入地球同步轨道上,主要为我国、东南亚、澳洲和南太平洋岛国等地区提供通信与广播业务。

在同平面内的圆轨道上有一颗中轨道卫星Ⅱ它运动的每个周期内都有一段时间未知无法直接接收到卫星Ⅰ发出的电磁波信号,因为其轨道上总有一段区域没有被卫星Ⅰ发出的电磁波信号覆盖到,这段区域对应的圆心角为。

已知卫星Ⅰ对地球的张角为,地球自转周期为,万有引力常量为G,则下列说法正确的是( )A. 地球的平均密度为B. 卫星Ⅰ、Ⅱ的角速度之比为C. 卫星Ⅱ的周期为D. 题中时间t不可能为4. 静止在O点的原子核发生衰变的同时,空间中出现如图所示的匀强电场。

之后衰变产物A、B两粒子的运动轨迹OA、OB如图虚线所示,不计重力和两粒子间的相互作用,下列说法正确的是( )A. A粒子为Be粒子B. 原子核发生的是衰变C. 两粒子始终处在同一等势面上D. 经过相等时间A、B粒子位移比为2:55. 小怀同学希望利用电学方法对长度进行测量,电路图如下,其中电源电动势为6V,内阻为,电流表量程为,内阻为,有一长方体导体材料R,x、y、z方向上棱长分别为dcm、2cm、1cm,先将R沿x轴方向接入电路,电流表示数1A,再将R沿y轴方向接入电路,电流表示数2A,则下列说法正确的是( )A.B. 沿x、y、z三个方向接入R,电源效率最大约为C. 沿x、y、z三个方向接入R,电流表示数均不会超量程D. 沿x、y、z三个方向接入R,R的功率最小为2W6. 如图所示,两束激光束对称地射到上下对称的三棱镜上A和B点上,光线方向与三棱镜中心轴平行,A、B与三棱镜中心线距离为d。

商务谈判情景模拟6篇

商务谈判情景模拟6篇

商务谈判情景模拟6篇商务谈判情景模拟 (1) “告别”的技巧告别时的应对非常难处理。

在商业谈判结束后,什么时候提出告辞才合适呢?这个时间非常不好掌握。

也许有人觉得要等对方先说“那么,我们就……”时起身告辞比较合适,但是我建议大家尽量在对方提出谈判结束之前,自己主动站起来。

如果你主动说“非常感谢您今天抽出时间……”这会充分显示出你是一个很果断的人。

如果被对方催促的话,失去了这个难得的、显示你的气势的机会。

一定要不断提醒自己“要主动说告辞”。

对于告别时的技巧来说,最重要的是速度和流畅性,磨磨蹭蹭是最不可取的。

尤其要避免忘记什么物品,过5分钟又回去拿这种事情。

应该说完告辞的话后,就退出房间。

心理学上有个非常有名的法则,认为人的记忆具有“最初效果”和“亲近效果”两种功能。

也就是说,最初见面的第一印象和告别时的印象,都会给人留下深刻的记忆。

换言之,哪怕你只是在临别时稍微磨蹭了一点,别人也会马上给你贴上一个糟糕的标签一一“这个人做事很磨蹭。

”告别时不要说“不好意思,我可以用一下洗手间吗”这种话该在和对方告别之后,去别的地方上洗手间。

根据记忆的法则,不论谈判的过程有多么愉快,一旦这样做,留给别人的印象马上就会变差。

告别时还应再提一次对方的名字,说“那么×x先生,我就告辞了”,这会十分明确地向对方传达“我已经记住了你的名字”、“今天真的非常愉快”等信息,会给对方留下良好的印象。

因为能准确地记住对方的名字,表示你对对方非常尊敬,这是一个在谈判中很有效的战术。

另外,如果谈判是在你的办公室进行,你至少要把对方送到门口。

如果想表达你非常重视和对方的关系,最好把对方送到电梯或是办公楼外。

这种特意相送的举动,会有效地传递你非常认可对方的心情。

商务谈判情景模拟 (2) 沟通是理解的桥梁,沟通是信任的渠道,沟通是解决问题,消除问题的灵丹妙药,沟通是避免战争,保持和平的最佳法宝。

生活中处处都需要沟通。

学生和老师如果不沟通,那么学生的学习成绩就会下降。

政治学模拟题(一)0603

政治学模拟题(一)0603
或影响政治权力的形式而发挥自己的作用
5、多党制是指两个以上的政党相互竞争
通常通过联合阵线组成政府的体制
6、利益集团是社会中的一些成员为了共同的集团利益而结合在一起
通过积极行动而达到共同的目的的一种社会组织
1、资产阶级国家:资产阶级国家是资本家阶级占有生产资料的基础上
剥削雇佣工人的劳动
6、ABCD 7、ABCDE 8、ABCDE 9、BCD 10、 ABC
1、政治统治合法性基础可概括为( )
A暴力 B宗教 C权威 D迷信 E民主
2、政治统治的功能主要包括( )
A确立统治秩序的功能
B管理、调控社会公共事务的功能
9、( )把国家的统治看成是公正的仲裁
把国家视为"社会整体"的托管人
否认政治统治的阶级性
A精英统治论者;B无统治论者;C多元统治论者;D马克思主义者
10、在社会地位的所有变量中
( )与政治参与的关系最为密切
A教育;B职业;C收入;D种族
二、 多选题(20分/10题)
二、1、ABCE 2、ABCDE 3、ABDE 4、BCDE 5、ABCDE
8、接受权力作用的群体
一般称之为( )
A权力主体;B权力客体;C权力载体;D权力结果
9、( )决定了政治权力的层次性
A权力作用的方向;B权力运动的时间;C权力作用的结果;D政治主体的多元性
10、"洗脑"是实行( )的主要技巧
A功利性权力;B强制性权力;C操纵性权力;D人格型权力
政治学模拟题(三)0603
1、当代中国政治民主化的问题主要有( )
A市场经济发育程度不高

《申论》模拟题答案 (1)

《申论》模拟题答案 (1)

第一题:参考答案我国已进入老龄化社会并呈现以下特点:1、中国人口老龄化将呈现加速发展态势,将进入深度老龄化阶段;2、与世界平均水平相比,我国老龄人口比重大;3、与发达国家相比,我国老龄化发展与经济发展水平不同步(不相适应/协调);老龄化进程快,时间短;4、我国高龄老人比重大,未来将出现规模巨大的高龄老人群体;5、我国独居的“空巢”老人比重大。

第二题:参考答案1、“养老真空”是指我国老龄化速度快,老年人口多,满足养老需求困难,养老机构、养老床位和养老服务不到位。

2、产生这种现象的主要原因有:(1)社会养老保障制度存在问题,制度分割严重。

(2)养老金制度不合理,运行中存在巨大资金缺口。

(3)传统家庭结构形式发生变化,独生子女家庭负担重,空巢老人家庭,老人无人照顾。

(4)医疗保险存在问题,异地流转困难。

(5)养老机构供需矛盾突出,养老机构、养老床位少,不能满足需求。

3、针对“养老真空”的问题,我们应采取完善养老、医疗等社会保障制度,增加养老机构方式加以解决。

第三题:参考答案关于加强社区养老服务工作的建议尊敬的领导:我国已进入老龄化社会,老年人口面临着巨大的问题和挑战。

当前我国养老方式主要是机构养老和家庭养老,由于我国养老机构不足,家庭养老负担沉重等原因,我们需要探索介于机构养老和家庭养老之间的居家社区养老模式,充分发挥社区在养老中的重要作用,基于此特向上级提出以下建议:一、成立社区养老服务组织。

市区成立养老服务中心,街道成立养老服务社,社区建立养老服务站,由社区为居家老人提供优质养老服务,政府给予一定补贴。

二、加大社区养老资金投入。

加大财政投入保障低收入、孤老等生活困难的老人养老;逐步实现每位老人都能享受政府出资的助老上门服务。

三、发展社区养老专业人才和志愿者队伍。

提高从业人员的薪酬、福利待遇,培训专业护理人员,吸引社区志愿者投入到社区养老志愿服务中来。

四、实现社区养老服务的多样化。

满足基本的老年人生活需要服务,如:送菜、送饭、送牛奶等服务;此外根据老年人的不同需求提供相应的服务,如加强对老年人的康复护理、理疗保健和精神慰藉等服务。

上海市浦东新区华东师范大学第二附属中学2023届高三下学期5月模拟冲刺数学试卷(1) - 副本

上海市浦东新区华东师范大学第二附属中学2023届高三下学期5月模拟冲刺数学试卷(1) - 副本

2023.02023届华二附中高三模拟卷(1)5一、填空题(本大题共有12题,满分54分,第1~6题每题4分,第7~12题每题5分)1.已知集合[]1,5A =,{}2,14B n n n =∈≤≤N ,则A B = __________.2.已知一组数据8.6,8.9,9.1,9.6,9.7,9.8,9.9,10.2,10.6,10.8,11.2,11.7,则该组数据的第80百分位数为3.已知函数()sin 2y x ϕ=+(__________.ππ22ϕ-<<)的图像关于直线π3x =对称,则ϕ=__________.4.已知,x y ∈R ,若i x y +与3i1i+-互为共轭复数,则x y +=__________.5.已知无穷等比数列{}n a 中,113a =,236a a =,则1n n a +∞==∑__________.6.有3男3女共6位高三同学在高考考场外合影留念.若从这6人中随机选取2人拍双人照,则选中的2人恰为1男1女的概率是__________.7.不等式351x x x +≥-的解集是__________.8.函数()235ln 2y x =-9.()()4321x x +-的二项展开式中2x 的系数为__________的定义域为__________..10.某校组织“杭州亚运会”知识竞赛,元元从3道选择题和2道填空题中不放回地每次随机抽取1道作答.记事件A 为“第一次抽到选择题”,事件B 为“第二次抽到填空题”,则()|P A B =__________.11.已知,,a b c 是空间中两两不同的三个单位向量,且()()()::1:1:2a b b c c a ⋅⋅⋅=.则a b ⋅ 的取值范围是__________.12.设m ∈R ,4m ≠-.以点()1,0为焦点,直线430x y m -+=为准线的抛物线1C 交抛物线22:4C y x =于A 、B 两点.则直线AB 的斜率为__________.二、选择题(本大题满分18分,第13、14题每题4分,第15、16题每题5分)13.已知,,,a b c d ∈R ,且a b >,则“c d >”是“a c b d +>+”的()A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件14.已知平面向量a ,b,则下列关系式中不恒成立的是()A .()22a ba b +=+ B .a b a b ⋅≤⋅ C .a b a b-≤- D .()()22a b a b a b+⋅-=-15.设M 是椭圆2222:1x y C a b+=(0a b >>)的上顶点,P 是C 上的一个动点.当P 运动到下顶点时,PM取得最大值,则C 的离心率的取值范围是(A .)2,12⎫⎪⎪⎣⎭B .20,2⎛ ⎝⎦C .1,12⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭D .10,2⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦16.已知奇函数()y f x =及其导函数()y f x '=的定义域均为R ,且()()9f x f x =-对一切x ∈R 成立.关于数列()()():1,2,,2023F f f f ''⋯'有以下两个论断:①存在()f x ,使得数列F 中恰有112项为1;②存在()f x ,使得数列F 中恰有448项为0.则()A .①是真命题,②是假命题B .①是假命题,②是真命题C .①、②都是真命题D .①、②都是假命题三、解答题(本大题共有5题,满分78分)17.(14分)三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,1AA ⊥平面ABC ,且1AB BC ==,12AA =,120ABC ∠=︒,D 为1CC (2)求平面ABD 与1ACB 所成锐二面角的余弦值中点.(1)求四面体A 1-ABD 的体积;.18.(14分)已知()()()2sin cos 2πf x x x x =+++.(1)求函数y =f (x )的最小正周期;(2)在ABC △中,,,a b c 分别为角,,A B C 的对边,且12A f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,sin 2sin C B =,2a =.求ABC △的面积.19.(14分)为了解某地观众对“中国诗词大会”的收视情况,某机构随机抽取了100名观众进行调查,其中女性观众55名.定义日均收看该节目时间不低于40分钟的观众为“诗词迷”.已知“诗词边”中有15名(1)根据调查结果,判断是否有95%的把握认为“诗词迷”与性别有关男性,非“诗词边”共有75名.?(2)采用分层抽样的方式从“诗词迷”中任意选取5人进行问卷调查,再从这5人中任取2人奖励“诗词大礼包”.以X 表示获得“诗词大礼包”的男性人数,Y 表示获得“诗词大礼包”的女性人数.记X Y ξ=-,求ξ的分布和期望.附:()()()()()22n ad bc a b a c c d b d χ-=++++,n a b c d =+++;()2 3.8410.05P χ>≈.20.(18分)已知双曲线222:1y C x b-=(0b >)的左、右焦点分别为12,F F ,A 是C 的左顶点,C 的离心率为2.设过F 2的直线l 交C 的右支于P 、Q 两点,其中P 在第一象限.(1)求C 的标准方程;(2)若直线AP 、AQ 分别交直线12x =于M 、N 两点,证明:22MF NF ⋅ 为定值;(3)是否存在常数λ,使得22PF A PAF λ∠=∠恒成立?若存在,求出λ的值;否则,说明理由.21.(18分)已知,m b ∈R ,()e x m f x mx b +=++.(1)若1,0m b =-=,写出曲线()y f x =的一条水平切线的方程;(2)若0m >,1234x x x x <<<使得()()()()1234,,,f x f x f x f x 形成等差数列,证明:2143x x x x ->-;(3)若存在b <-e m ,使得函数y =f (x )有唯一零点,求m 的取值范围.。

教育硕士考试《教育学》模拟试题(一)

教育硕士考试《教育学》模拟试题(一)
A、第斯多惠B、装斯泰洛齐C、赫尔巴特D、夸美纽斯
27、1879 年( )确定国民教育发展的义务性、免费性与世俗化三大原则,着力提高法国整体国民素质。
A、《法卢法案》 B、《费里法案》 C、《基佐法案》 D、《费舍法案》
28、文纳特卡计划由( )创立。
A、帕克B、华虚朋C、克伯屈D、帕克赫斯特
4、______是国家对某门学科的教学所提出的统一要求和具体规格,是国家对学校教学工作进行直接领导的主要工具。
5、教学原则是根据教育、教学目的和______提出的,是进行教学所必须遵循的基本要求。
6、要加强学校德育与学生生活和______的联系,讲究实际效果,克服形式主义倾向。
7、______是与课堂教学相对应的一个概念,它与课堂教学共同构成完整的学校教育。
A、教育实验观察B、严格控制的观察C、全结构式观察D、教育现场观察
44、以下属于一次文献的是( )。
A、索引B、论文C、手册D、综述
45、关于教育实验研究外在效度的不正确的是( )。
A、外在效度是指实验结果的概括性和代表性
B、外在效度是指实验结果是否可以推论到实验对象以外的其他受试者
C、外在效度是指实验结果是否可以推论到实验情境以外的其他情境
D、外在效度高低与内在效度成反比
二、辨析题:46-48 小题,每小题10 分,共30 分。判断正误并简要说明理由。
46、教育现代化主要在于教育设施的现代化。
47、智者是西方最早的职业教师。
48、无关变量就是对研究结果没有影响的变量。
A、魏晋南北朝B、隋朝C、唐朝D、宋朝
22、中唐时期以儒家思想卫道者自居的著名思想家是( )。
A、刘禹锡B、李翱C、韩愈D、张籍

2023年山东中考英语模拟试题(含答案)

2023年山东中考英语模拟试题(含答案)

•2023年中考模拟试题(1)本试题分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。

共150分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2. 第一卷为选择题,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的正确答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。

答案写在试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束,应将本试题和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共90分)Ⅰ.听力测试(30 分)A) 听录音, 从每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。

每个句子读一遍。

A. No problem.B. Not much.C. Great ideas.A. It helps my pronunciation.B. Sad movies make me cry.C. You don’t need to rush.A. Does she like PEB. Am I supposed to wear jeansC. Do you have any ideasA. How is tea producedB. What are they used forC.Whose hair band is thisA. You aren’t supposed to kiss.B. It can’t be stolen.C. It doesn’tlook clean.B) 在录音中,你将听到五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

每段对话读两遍。

1. What’s the blouse made ofA. Silk.B. Cotton.C. Paper.2. What kind of music does Eric likeA. Soft music.B. Loud music.C. Electronic music.3. Where does the woman want to goA. A flower store.B. A library.C. A bookstore.4. How does John feel about Chinese RestaurantA. It’s beautiful.B. The food is good.C. He is hungry.5. According to Peter, what is the most important in a basketball gameTeamwork. B. Skills. C. Knowledge.C) 在录音中,你将听到一段对话,对话后有五个小题,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

中级经济法模拟试题(一)

中级经济法模拟试题(一)

模拟试题(一)一、单项选择题1.下列选项中,属于我国经济法渊源中的行政法规的是()。

A.《预算法》B.《国家金库条例》C.《河南省消费者权益保护条例》D.《产品质量法》【正确答案】B【答案解析】行政法规的名称一般为“条例”,也可以称“规定”、“办法”等。

本题A选项和D选项属于经济法渊源中的法律,C选项属于地方性法规。

2.行政法规的制定部门是()。

A.省级、自治区、直辖市人民政府B.国务院直属机构C.全国人民代表大会D.国务院【正确答案】D【答案解析】法规包括行政法规、地方性法规。

行政法规是由国务院制定的规范性文件。

3.甲与乙订立合同后,乙以甲有欺诈行为为由向人民法院提出撤销合同申请,人民法院依法撤销了该合同。

下列有关被撤销合同的法律效力的表述中,正确的是()。

A.自合同订立时无效B.自乙提出撤销请求时起无效C.自人民法院受理撤销请求时无效D.自合同被人民法院撤销后无效【正确答案】A【答案解析】可撤销合同在未被撤销前是有效的合同,但被撤销后,自“合同订立之日起”无效。

4.下列各项中,不属于诉讼参加人中诉讼代理人的是()。

A.法定代理人B.委托代理人C.指定代理人D.共同诉讼人【正确答案】D【答案解析】诉讼代理人包括法定代理人、指定代理人、委托代理人。

选项D属于当事人。

5.根据公司法律制度的规定,下列关于股份有限公司设立方式的表述中,正确的是()。

A.股份有限公司不可以采取募集设立的方式设立B.发起设立是指由发起人认购公司应发行的多数股份而设立公司C.以募集设立方式设立股份公司的,在公司设立时认购公司应发股份的人全部是发起人D.募集设立可以向社会公开募集或者向特定对象募集而设立公司【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据规定,股份有限公司可以采取发起设立或者募集设立的方式设立,因此选项A错误;发起设立,是指由发起人认购公司应发行的全部股份而设立公司,因此选项B错误;以募集设立方式设立股份公司的,在公司设立时认购公司应发股份的人不仅有发起人,而且还有发起人以外的人,因此选项C错误。

模拟试题一(1)

模拟试题一(1)
题一
8. (B)正式成立了交通工程师协会,标志着这一学科 的正式诞生。 A.1920年 B.1930年 C.1940年 D.1950年 9. 驾驶员生理特性是指(A)。 A.视觉、听觉、触觉 B.视觉、听觉、平 衡觉 C.视觉、触觉、平衡觉 D.听觉、触觉、 平衡觉 10. 车辆行驶路程与通过该路段的行程时间之比称 为(B)。 A.地点车速 B.行程试题一
五、计算题
1.在某路段进行车速调查,欲使所得平均车速的容 许误差不超过2.0km/h,其置信水平为90%, 根据以 前的调查经验取计算的样本标准差S=8.0km/h, 问至少应该取多少样本? 各置信水平的系数K值
置信水平(%) 68.3 86.6 90 9试题一
四、简答题
1.解释M/D/N的排队系统中M、D、N代表的 意思。 答: M代表服从泊松输入;D代表定长服务; N代表N个服务台。专用11交通工程学
模拟试题一
2.从使用意义上讲,通行能力分为哪三个类型,及 每个类型的定义? 答:从使用意义上来讲,道路路段通行能力又可 分为基本通行能力、可能通行能力和设计通行能 力。 基本通行能力 是指公路组成部分在理想的 道路、交通、控制和环境条件下,该组成部分一 条车道或一车行道的均匀段上或一横断面上,不 论服务水平如何,1h所能通过标准车辆的最大车 辆数。这是假定理想条件下的通行能力,也称为 理论通行能力。以C一、单项选择题
在每小题列出四个备选项中只有一个是 符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后 的模拟试题一
1.交通量的空间分布主要指城乡分布、路段分布、 方向分布和(D)。 A.路网分布 B.区域分布 C.车型分布 D. 车道分布 2. 为保证绝大多数车辆都能遵守,同时又能最大限 度地保证行车安全,常以(C)速度作为某些路 段的最高限制速度。 A.50%车速 B.70%车速 C.85%车速 D.90%车速 3. 车头时距的单位是(C)。 A.m/veh B.km/veh专用 13

2020研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题1

2020研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题1

2020研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题1研究生英语学位课统考模拟试题(1)GENRAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成:试卷一(Paper one)包括听力理解、词汇、完型填空与阅读理解四部分,共80题,按顺序统一编号;试卷二(Paper two)包括翻译和写作两部分,共3题。

此外,试卷分A、B卷,请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力Section C 部分除外),答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读答题纸上,在对应题号下所选的字母中间画黑道,如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题,答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。

答题前,请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号(听力Section C部分除外),答案一律写在答题纸上,否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟,采用试卷一和试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟,听力理解部分以放完录音带为准,大约25分钟;其余部分共计时65分钟,每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟,每部分所占时间均标在试卷上,考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。

每次终了时间一到,考生一律停笔,等候监考老师收点试卷及答题纸。

全部考试结束后,须待监考老师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本次考试结束,方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPart I Listening Comprehension (25miniutes, 20 points)Section A (1 point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer fromthe four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar acrossthe square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.1. A. To brush up her English at home.B. To be praised by her peers.C. To become her teacher’s favorite student.D. To care more for other subjects.2. A. Have a picnic. B. Play with her pets.C. See a movie.D. Stay at home.3. A. It’s a piece of cake. B. She has no idea.C. She already knows the answer.D. It’s beyond her expectation.4. A. Write a short mail to him. B. Chat with him on line.C. Telephone him.D. Text him soon.5. A. The poster looks better without the frame. B. The poster is not worth the money.C. The poster costs very little.D. The poster is very eye-catching.6. A. 14. B. 10.C. 65.D. 24.7. A. She is too busy. B. She can pass the exam next time.C. She doesn’t work very hard.D. She should be better prepared.8. A. exercise more frequently. B. Take less medicine each day.C. Try a new type of pain-killer.D. Have her back examined.9. A. George was not playing well. B. George always loses temper easily.C. George should have won the match.D. George is no match for his opponent.Section B (I point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. Aftereach question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with asingle bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Mini-talk one10 A. 18-21. B. 22-25. C. 30-50. D. 70-80.11. A. Because older people become more thankful for what they have.B. Because older people spend less time in deep thinking.C. Because older people forget things more frequently.D. Because older people tend to be more reliable.12. A. Middle aged women had increased sleep problems.B. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.C. Being single affected the levels of happiness.D. Sleep quality declined as people got older.Mini-talk two13. A. High temperatures. B. Too much weight on the roof.C. The lack of rich soil.D. Sufficient watering system.14. A. They are normally painted green. B. They shorten the life of houses.C. They reduce energy consumption.D. They are used as water tanks.15. A. They need little water. B. They normally grow faster.C. They are less costly to grow.D. They could absorb more water.Section C (1point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recordingyou are asked to write down your answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25seconds to read the notes below.(请在录音结束后把第16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. Compliments are so good that they can heal your _____________ (2 words).17. Unless you seem sincere when you give compliments during a co nversation, you’re not goingto get _____________ (3 words) from that person.18. After giving specific compliments, you should follow that _____________ (3 words).19. Adding compliments in front of people makes people respected and feel _____________ (4words).20. Last, avoid _____________ (2 words) with envy.Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring Answer Sheet21. Values play as much a role in tackling the national challenges as smart policies.A. addressingB. minimizingC. reinforcingD. stabilizing22. Despite her attempt to look happy, her behavior at the party struck me as odd.A. attackedB. imposedC. deemedD. impressed23. The intimate relationship between human beings and speech is not restricted to sound.A. ascribedB. confinedC. subjectedD. related24. This young man took a law degree with distinction and found a job in a well.A. differenceB. perfectionC. separationD. honor25. Differences in culture and values will give rise to conflict of ideas and tastes.A. outbreakB. assimilationC. clashD. harmony26. Unpleasant symptoms can cause the smoker to resume smoking to raise the levels ofnicotine in the blood.A. let downB. go aboutC. drop offD. return to27. With the progress in medicine, it is no longer difficult to attain old age.A. evadeB. reachC. postponeD. retard28. Before national day, these musicians some songs in honor of this special occasion.A. in celebration ofB. in respect ofC. in case ofD. in excess of29. Japan, after spectacular post-war economic growth, became the world’s second-biggesteconomy.A. superficialB. amazingC. virtualD. genuine30. This book gives a very particular account of the important battles during WWII.A. specialB. strangeC. detailedD. exceptionalSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked by A, B, C, and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet31. Dozens of people were trapped for hours in the ________ of the train, but all have beentaken to safety.A. wreckageB. bandageC. cottageD. hostage32. The doctor advised me to increase my intake of healthy foods that can ________ heartdisease.A. give offB. pay offC. set offD. ward off33. The participants of the meeting discussed, ________, the future of the oil industry.A. from now onB. in the wayC. among other thingsD. on their mind34. Obama’s remarks were his most ________ description of how his personal religious beliefsfactor into his decision-making.A. externalB. extinctC. explicitD. executive35. Many United States teenagers ________ the road without receiving driver s’ education.A. beatB. hitC. strikeD. knock36. The ocean _______ 70 percent of the earth’s surface, but contains about 20 percent of theEarth’s total estimated species.A. takes upB. fixes upC. stirs upD. patches up37. With the _______ of a mouse, you can instantly get to see all the information you wantonline.A. crackB. clickC. chipD. clap38. Businesses of all sizes possess some type of _______ culture consisting of a set of valuesand goals.A. desperateB. corporateC. deliberateD. moderate39. When asked to disclose financial ties to drug companies, many doctors will ________ suchinformation.A. withdrawB. withstandC. witherD. withhold40. There is no exception ________ the rule that every rule has an exception.A. forB. onC. toD. inPart III Close Test (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions: In this section, there are ten questions. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked by A, B,C, or D for each blank inthe passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you’ve chosenwith a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetAn ecosystem is defined as an ecological community together with its environment, functioning as a unit. To be more ___41__, an ecosystem is a complex set of relationships among the living resources, ___42___, and residents of an area, composed of organisms that work together to remain healthy ___43___ energy is exchanged and system-level processes emerge. The ecosystem serves as the level of biological organization in which organisms __44__ simultaneously with each other and with their environment. As such, ecosystems are a level above that of the ecological community but are at a level below the __45__, which is essentially the largest of all possible ecosystems.The thing about ecosystems is that they are __46__ fragile and intensely complicated. If you influence the smallest variable, then it changes the __47__. This is why global warming is such a big issue, __48__ whether we created it or not. Ecosystems will change; however, if they change radically enough, our way of life will forever be affected. It is sad to think that future generations will not have the __49__ of witnessing these little creatures as we have in our lifetime. You have to go to preservations to witness the wildlife that __50__ be an everyday occurrence.41. A. realistic B. frank C. honest D. specific42. A. habits B. habitats C. inhabitants D. inhibitors43. A. in case B. if only C. but for D. so that44. A. interact B. concern C. interfere D. coincide45. A. biofuel B. biodiversity C. biosphere D. biochemistry46. A. concisely B. inherently C. robustly D. industriously47. A. whole B. entire C. all D. total48. A. along with B. due to C. regardless of D. as to49. A. trouble B. privilege C. time D. willingness50. A. was about B. had better C. used to D. would ratherPART IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Directions: In this section, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked by A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebrackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetPassage OneResearchers may have found a solution to the annoying gender-wage gap: tell all the male CEOs to have more babies. And only child daughters, to be precise.A new, not-yet-published study that tracked 12 years of wage data in Denmark finds that when male CEOs had daughters, their female employees’ wages went up 1.3 percent while thei r male employees only gained 0.8 percent raises. The study’s authors – from Aalborg University in Denmark, the University of Maryland, and Columbia –found that women’s wages were boosted even more if the daughter was the first child of the CEO. The researchers found that the birth of a first daughter to a male CEO“resulted in a 1.4 percent increase in women’s wages, and an approximately 0.8 percent decrease in the gender wage gap. If the first daughter was also a first child, the gender wage gap would dec rease by roughly 2.8 percent.” If a second daughter was born to a male CEO, women’s wages were not significantly affected. “Thus, our results suggest that the first daughter ‘flips a switch’ in the mind of a male CEO, causing him to attend more to equality in gender-related wage policies,” they write.David Gaddis Ross, co-author of the study and an assistant professor at Columbia’s Business School, said he would love to do a similar study in the United States, but there is no way the data would be availabl e. “Getting this information in the United States would be wildly difficult, especially on the family structure of the CEOs,”he said. The Denmark data did not reveal names of individuals or companies, but each employee of every company in the country is attached to a code that researchers could use to find gender, number of children, salary, and other information such as home address and phone number.The study is not the first to examine how having a daughter affects men’s decision-making. Ebonya Washington wrote in a study published in the American Economic Review in 2008 that U.S. legislators were more likely to vote more liberally on women’s reproductive issues if they had daughters. Another study found that parents with daughters were more likely to adopt feminist views on gender equality.51. According to the study, if the first child of the CEO was a daughter, the decrease of thegender wage gap was ________.A. 0.8%B. 1.3%C. 1.4%D. 2.8%52. The Denmark study finds that male CEOs with daughters may ________.A. better respect female privacyB. better promote gender equalityC. give more chances for womenD. hire more female employees53. According to David Ross, a similar study in the U.S. ________.A. will soon be underwayB. may produce similar resultsC. is unnecessary and costlyD. is unlikely to be carried out.54. Which of the following information about the CEOs is most difficult to get in the U.S.?A. Real income.B. Phone number.C. Family structure.D. Home address.55. The findings of the three studies mentioned in the passage ________.A. have little in commonB. seem to be confusingC. agree well with each otherD. are somewhat contradictory56. In which section of a newspaper is the passage likely to appear?A. People.B. Society.C. Technology.D. News.Passage twoVirtually nobody has memories from very early childhood –but it’s not because we don’t remain information as young children. Rather, it may be because at that age, our brains don’t yet function in a way that bundles information into the complex neural patterns that we know as memories.It’s clear that young children do remember facts in the moment – such as who their parents are, or that one must say “please”before mom will give you candy. This is called “semantic memory.”Until sometime between the ages two and four, however, children lack “episodic memory”–memory regarding the details of a specific event. Such memories are stored in several parts of the brains surface, or “cortex.” For example, memory of sound is processed in the auditory cortexes, on the sides of the brain, while visual memory is managed by the visual cortex, at the back. A region of the brain called the hippocampus (海马体) ties all the scattered pieces together.“If you think of your cortex as a flower bed, there are flowers all across the top of yourhead,” said Patricia Bauer of Emory University in Atlanta. “The hippocampus, tucked very neatly in the middle of your brain, is responsible for pulling those all together and tying them in a bouquet (花束).” The memory is the bouquet – the neural pattern of linkages between the parts of the brain where a memory is stored.So why do kids usually fail to record specific episodes untilthe two-to-four age range? It may be because that’s when the hippocampus starts tying fragments of information together, said psychologist Nora Newcombe of Temple University in Philadelphia. And there may be a reason for this, Newcombe said. Episodic memory may be unnecessarily complex at a time when a child is just learning how the wor ld works. “I think the primary goal of the first two years is to acquire semantic knowledge and from that point of view, episodic memory might actually be a distraction,”Newcombe said.57. It can be learned that children under the age of two ________.A. have memory of detailed eventsB. have the ability to remember factsC. retain little information in their brainsD. process information the same way adults do58. Which of the following is an example of “episodic memory”?A. Brides remember what happened on their weddings.B. Little kids remember their parents’ names.C. We remember to wash hands before meals.D. We remember to say “Thank you” for others’ help.59. Memory of image is processed ________.A. in the middle of the brainB. on the left side of the brainC. on the right side of the brainD. at the back of the brain60. Assume that our cortex is a flower bed, then hippocampus is ________.A. the flowers grown in the flower bedB. the stimulator that helps the flowers growC. the string that ties the flowers into a bouquetD. the bouquet made of the flowers in the bed61. According to Newcombe, if episodic memory were developed before agetwo, it would ________.A. negatively affect children’s learning processB. help children better understand our worldC. push children to learn more quicklyD. bring children’s development to a halt62. What is the major topic of the passage?A. How kids develop their memory.B. Why can’t we remember our very early days?C. How is memory processed by the brain?D. Why kids’ memory differs from that of adults.Passage ThreeIs new technology damaging our ability to communicate? Fingers flying, we can blog, email, or enter chat room. But as we type billions of words, something is being lost. Face-book is not the same as face to face and, as our virtual skills increase, I wonder if our ability to communicate using speech is on the decline.Young people send me dozens of e-mails from schools. They often attach long lists of questions, to which they want detailed responses. Time is short, so I usually reply that they can phone me and I’ll do my best to answer. They very rarely do, partly because they verbal and telephone skills are less developed than their ability to type and e-mail.Yet to adapt an old business saying, a meeting is worth five phone calls and a phone call is worth five e-mails. Direct communication can quickly lead to bonding and trust. People aremore likely to reveal what they are thinking when they actually speak to another person. Most are wary of committing themselves in writing.The great tragedy is that the phone was invented before the computer. If it has been the other way around, Internet forums would now be buzzing with the exciting news: “Have you heard (type, type)? There is this amazing new gadget (type). Now you can talk directly with people. And they can hear your voice. Without all this typing.” Persistent marketing would do the rest and colleges would be rushing to develop new courses in telephone skills.But we are stuck with the supremacy of the typed word and it weakens our ability to look people in the eye and talk. A good example is how much new technology has affected public speaking.Does anyone else hate PowerPoint? At meetings, I internally groan as speakers load up their ponderous projections. I don’t mind maps and pictures, but all those words of text drive me crazy. “And now for my introduction…” and up comes the word “introduction.”“There are four points” and we see “four points.”Masses of facts and statistics follow. These should all have been given out as an information sheet. Instead, while you are trying to read through the material, the lecturer is wandering verbally all over it. There’s a confusion of focus that gives me a headache. As the slides flash by, the most important relationship in public speaking is being undermined – the link between the speaker and the audience.63. According to the author, young people today don’t ________.A. like to communicate using speechB. like to communicate with peopleC. know how to communicate with peopleD. know how to ask questions over the phone64. Based on paragraph 3, compared with meetings, e-mails are ________.A. fasterB. friendlierC. less effectiveD. less interesting65. In paragraph 3, “wary of” can be replaced by ________.A. faced withB. happy aboutC. used toD. cautious of66. The author believes that if the phone had been invented after the computer, people nowwould ________.A. be eager to learn how to use the phoneB. be glad to have both means of communicationC. still prefer typing words on the computerD. show little interesting in the phone67. Which of the following can best describe the author’s attitude towards today’s use of typedwords?A. EncouragingB. CuriousC. ConcernedD. Indifferent68. In th e author’s opinion, PowerPoint ________.A. helps to convey the message of the speaker to the audienceB. harm the interaction between the speaker and the audienceC. should include as much information as necessaryD. should combine texts and pictures to make it eye-catchingPassage FourIt’s all Apple all the time these days: “astonishing” earnings reports in the news on Jan.25, lingering shots of Steve Jobs’ widow Laurene sitting near the First Lady and, of course, ever since his death in October, universal references to Jobs himself in any writing or speech aimed at promoting creativity or ingenuity or an all-American, against-all-odds model of success.However, New Y ork Times articles this week spoke of a darker reality behind the glowing Apple story: the “millions of human machines,” as the Times Charles Duhigg and David Barboza put it, in China who are now laboring 12 hours a day, six days a week to maintain the company’s amazing rate of growth.They live in dormitories where they can be called to their jobs anytime and often work double shifts in highly unsafe conditions. They’re willing to do all it takes. “It isn’t just that workers are cheaper abroad,” Duhigg wrote, “Rather, Apple’s executives believe the vast scale of overseas factories as well as the flexibility, diligence and expertise of foreign workers have so outpaced their American counterparts that ‘Made in the U.S.A.’ is no longer a viable option for most Apple products.”The Times stories raised very serious questions about not only Apple or the many other companies that similarly rely on overseas labor to support their growth and flood the world with cheap products, but the human cost of the growth model itselfthat has allowed Apple to thrive. It’s a model of growth, all too unquestioned in the U.S., that demands endless quality-of-life sacrifices in the service of productivity and profit. By quality of life, I mean good relationships with friends and family and having the time and the physical and emotional availability to invest in friends and family.Yet the American workers have been headed in the opposite direction for decades. Workinghours have expanded to the point where successful professionals consider the traditional 40-hour workweek a “part-time”job. Vacation time has been shrin king. In the current downturn, the employed are too scared of losing work to take time off. The pressure to be super-productive, ever willing, and always available has never been greater. But we should call into question the direction we’re headed and ask whether chasing the dream of growth has already turned into a nightmare. It’s up to the rest of us now to decide what to make of Steve Jobs’ legacy.69. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that Steve Jobs ________.A. is a controversial figure in the mediaB. enjoys high publicity in the U.S.C. used to deliver many speechesD. was a Nobel Prize winner70. The expression “against all odds” in the first paragraph probably means ________.A. foreign bornB. least talentedC. permanently obscureD. seemingly unlikely71. Apple’s executives choose to have most apple products made overseas because ________.A. goods made in the U.S.A. are inferiorB. Apple products sell better abroadC. this is much more profitableD. China-made products are better designed72. In the author’s opinion, the constant pursuit of the dream of growth has resulted in _______.A. better living standards in the U.S.B. a perfect model of growthC. worse relationships with friends and familyD. the popularity of iProducts73. Which of the following statements about the workers is true?A. They are spending more time with the family.B. They are enjoying a better quality of life.C. They can find jobs more easily.D. They have to work hard and overtime.74. The author’s attitude to Apple’s story of success is ________.A. approvalB. objectionC. admirationD. indifferencePassage FiveA new website from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) shows that 10 percent of the country is now a “food desert.”The Food Desert Locator i s an online map highlighting thousands of areas where, the USDA says, low-income families have little or no access to healthy fresh food. First identified inScotland in the 1990s, food deserts have come to symbolize urban decay. They suggest images of endless fast-food restaurants and convenience stores serving fatty, sugary junk food to overweight customers who have never tasted a Brussels sprout.Accordingly, Michelle Obama announced a $400 million Healthy Food Financing Initiative last year with the aim of eliminating food deserts nationwide by 2017. Official figures for the number of people living in food deserts already show a decline, from 23.5m in 2009 to 13.5m at the launch of the website. Although this might on the face of it suggest that the initiative is off to a superb start, sadly it does not in fact represent a single additional banana bought or soda escaped. This is because in America, the definition of a food desert is any census area where at least 20percent of inhabitants are below the poverty line and 33 percent live more than a mile from a supermarket. By simply extending the cutoff in rural areas to ten miles, the USDA managed to rescue 10m people from desert life.Some academics would go further, calling the appearance of many food deserts nothing but a mirage. Research by the Center for Public Health Nutrition at the University of Washington found that only 15 percent of people shopped for food within their own census area. Critics also note that focusing on supermarkets means that the USDA ignores tens of thousands of larger and smaller retailers, farmers’ markets and roadside greengrocers, many of which are excellent sources of fresh food. Together, they account for more than half of the country’s trillion-dollar retail food market.A visit to Renton, a depressed suburb of Seattle,demonstrates the problem. The town sits directly in the middle of a USDA food desert stretching miles in every direction. Yet it is home to a roadside stand serving organic fruit and vegetables, a health-food shop packed with nutritious grains and a superstore that researchers found attracts flocks of shoppers from well outside the desert.75. According to the USDA, food deserts ________.A. tend to be found in poor rural areasB. refer to the places with a food shortageC. are directly related to urban povertyD. are the direct cause of overweight76. The Healthy Food Financing Initiative is intended to ________.A. improve access to healthier foodB. change the American way of livingC. address the growing weight problemD. ensure food safety across the nation77. The author suggests that the drop from 23.5 million to13.5 million ________.A. represents substantial progressB. is at least a good beginningC. isn’t based on true informationD. doesn’t make much difference78. The word “mirage” (para.3) probably means ________.A. unreal problemB. potential riskC. growing difficultyD. hidden danger79. The scholars in paragraph 3 think that the USDA definition of a food desert is ________.。

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数学模拟2
数学(二)
一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)
1、用一根10厘米长的小棒和两根5厘米长的小棒围三角形,那么()
A.没有围成三角形
B.围成一个等腰三角形
C.国成一个直角三角形
D.能围成一个三角形
2、一台电脑先涨价20%,后又降价20%,则价格在降价后与涨价前相比( )
A.提价了
B.降价了
C.没有变化
D.没法计算
3、在一个盒子中有10个红球,8个绿球和一些黑球,每次从里面拿出一个球,结果拿出绿球的可能性小于1/3,那么至少有()黑球
A.9
B.8
C.7
D.6
4、将一根木棒锯成4段要6分钟,则将这根木棒锯成7段,要( )分钟
A.10
B.12
C.14
D.16
5、下列图形中,都是轴对称图形的一组是( )
A长方形、正方形、三角形 B.圆、梯形
C.平行四边形、等边三角形
D.等腰三角形、圆、扇形
6、两个圆的周长之比是9:25,这两个圆的面积比是()
A.9:25
B.3:5
C.81:625 C.25:9
7、小李骑车上班从家里到单位每小时行18千米,从单位到家每小时行12千米,则小李往返单位的平均速度是( )千米/小时
A.15
B.14
C.14.4
D.15.5
8、用3,5,7,9排成不重复的四位数,使它是5的倍数,共有( )种不同的排法
A.3
B.4
C.5
D.6
9、下列说法正确的有()个
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
①分母是100的分数叫百分数
②本金和利息的比叫做利率;
③周长相等的图形中,圆的面积最大
④商店里“买四送一”活动相当于优惠了25%;
⑤生产90个零件中,有10个是废品,合格率是90%。

10、观察下面由点组成的图形,前十个图形中,所有点的总数是()个
D.143 B.144 C.145 D.146
二、填空题(每小题3分,共30分) (1) (2) (3) (4)
11、数82357.49万改写成以亿作单位的数是________
12、在2、4、8、9四个数中,可以组成互质数的两个数一共有_______对
13、如右图,一长方形被一条直线分成两个长方形,这两个长方形
的宽的比为1:3,若阴影三角形面积为1平方厘米,则原长方形
面积为____平方厘米
14、王大爷去年养鱼成活了1200条,死了300条;成活率是
15、如果7x+8=71则8x+7的值是_________
16、在比例尺是1:300的地图上,量得一块长方形土地的周长是18厘米,已知长和宽的比是5:4,这块土地的实际面积是________平方米
17、有一个水池,30立方米水,第三次又放
池里还剩水54立方米,全池蓄水_____立方米
1815,要使分数的大小不变,分子应扩大为原来的______倍19、甲、乙、丙三人共同制作了一批零件,甲制作了总数的30%,乙,丙制作的件数之比是3:4.己知丙制作了20件,则甲制做了______件
20、某道路一侧原有路灯106盏,相邻两盏灯的距离为36米,现计划全部换为新型的路灯,且相邻两盏灯的距离变为70米,则需更换的新型节能灯有______盏
三、计算题(共计36分)
21、直接写出答案(每小题2分,共12分)
×
55= (5)2017÷(1-15÷35
22、脱式计算(每小题4分,共16分)
(1)[(5
41-4.25)
÷83+3.3÷174 (2)1171×(232-830.75)+1521÷2117
(3)975×
76-9.75 (4)121+261+3121+4201+5301+6421
23、应用适当方法计算(每题4分,共8分) (1)
2017×201520161-2017×2016 (2)(1+
21+31+41)(21+31+41+51)-(1+21+31+41+51)(21+31+41)
四、图形计算(每小题4分,共8分
24、如图,
25、如图,长方形ABCD 中,AB 、CD 的四等分点,H 为AD
五、应用问题(共计26分 26、(本题6分)某小学一位教师带领六年级(2)班30名学生参加夏令营活动,他
们联系了两家旅游公司,两公司的单人价格都相同.甲公司给的优惠是一名教师按全额收费,其余的按七五折收费:乙公司给出的优惠是全部按八折收费.哪家公司的方案更便宜?请你帮他们算算
A B H E G F
C D
27、(本题6分)甲,乙两人同时从山脚开始爬山,到达山顶后就立即下山,他们两人的下山的速度是各自上山速度的1.5倍.而且甲比乙速度快,甲到达山顶时,乙离山项180米,当乙到达山顶时,甲恰好下到半山腰,那么山脚到山顶多少米?
28、(本题6分)某商店到苹果产地收购了2吨苹果,收购价为每千克1.20元,从产地到商店的距离是400千米,运费为每吨货物每运1千米收1.50元。

如果在运输及销售过程中的损耗为10%,那么商店要实现15%的利润率,零售价应是每千克多少元?
29、(本题8分)甲、乙、丙三人去完成植树任务,已知甲植1棵树的时间,乙可以植2棵树,丙可以植3课树。

他们一起工作了5天,完成全部任务的3
1,然后丙休息了8天,乙休息了3天,甲没休息。

最后一起完成任务从开始植树算起,共用了多少天才完成任务?。

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