B4u2 lead-in+exercise
新视野大学英语第三版B4U2教（学）案
新视野大学英语第三版B4U2教（学）案新视野大学英语读写教程第四册教案B4U2Unit 2Secrets to Beauty*Teaching Objectives:Students will learn to use English to1、To talk about people’s pursuit of beauty2、 To further understand the text3、 To apply the phrases and patterns4、 To master the essay writing skill*Time Allotment: each unit 8 classes1st---2nd classes: Part I Warming up1.Lead-in : Lead-in questions for warming upPre-reading questions: Watch and talk; pound dictation3.Cultural background3rd--4th classes:Part II Text StudyReading in Depth:Structure Analysis, Summary, Difficult sentences analysisLanguage Focus: More practice in Language Points (language points explanation, Sentence Patterns, Useful Expressions)5th—6th classes:Part III ReflectionCritical thinking: More speaking practice in discussion related to language learning、7.Writing Practice: Essay writingHow to write an essay7th—8th classes: Part IV Assignment7、Post-reading activities: summary of useful expressions, watching and discussing, speaking task, etc、8、 Section B: Focus on fast reading and practice in reading skillUNIT 2Section AThe confusing pursuit of beautyPart I Warming up1、 Lead-in:What are these products in the following pictures used for?Tips:·Lipstick, nail polish, eye shadow, mascara, eyeliner, power foundation2 Discussion question:Are beauty products used by women only? What do men usually do with their physical looks?3、 Cultural Background:1、 Who is Barbie? What is she best-known for?Barbie, also referred to as Barbie Dolls or Barbie Girls, is the principal figure of a brand of dolls and accessories, including other family members and dolls、 Launched in March 1959 by the American toy pany Mattel, Inc、, Barbie has been an important part of the market of toy fashion dolls for over 50 years、The typical image of Barbie is the plastic doll in a box, with great fashion appeal、2、 Who is Cindy Crawford?Cindy Crawford is a famous American model、 She was bornas Cynthia Ann Crawford on February 20, 1966, in De Kalb, Illinois、She is famous for her trademark mole above her lip、 During the 1980s and 1990s, Cindy Crawford was among the most popular supermodel, and she was repeatedly and frequently featured on the cover of many magazines, including Vogue, W, People, Elle, Cosmopolitan, and Allure、Part II Text Study1、 Main idea & structure:Tips for Reading:A Good Reader should1) Try to bee an active reader、2) Learn to ask more questions、 ( what, why, how)3) Do the efficient reading、 (key points, topic sentence, key words,locating words, necessary and sufficient )4) Develop a habit of marking during reading、Answer Questions1) 、How do you understand the sentence “No amount of rehearsal will help you e up with the right answer” (Para、2) Tips: The sentence means that it is very difficult, or even impossible, for a man to give a right answer when a woman asks him how she looks, no matter how hard he thinks about it and how many different answers he tries、2) According to the text, in what way do men and women evaluate their appearance differently?Tips:Men are satisfied with being average-looking, paying little attention to their looks、In contrast, women pay great attention to their body and image, considering their appearance as not good enough even if they are in fact attractive、3)What causes women to be always dissatisfied with their looks?The interaction of many psychological and societal factor, for example, their childhood experiences with toys, and the influence of the media、4)In what way do the toys girls play with differ from those boys play with?Girl’s toys are proportioned to have extreme measures of the body( e、g、in terms of height, weight and waist size), whereas boys’ toys can look weird rather th an handsome、5)Why is the supermodel Cindy Crawford mentioned in Paragraph 7?Cindy Crawford is mentioned as an example to show that the beauty industry and the media have great influence on women’s devotion to physical beauty and the use of beauty products、6)Why do women think that men are not qualified to judge whether a woman looks good or not?Women think so because men do not even care about their own appearance、For instance, a man often does not bother to clean the cream in his hair or ears after shaving、SummaryThis text is a contrast essay、 To find out why it is difficult for a man to answer when a woman asks him how she looks, the author discusses the differences between men and women、The author organizes the supporting details by using the point-by-point method、The specific “points” or criteria of contrast are how the two sexes perceive their own looks, what factors cause this difference, as well as how much care they pay to the details of appearance、2、 Language Focus:Useful expressions:1) Som e men think they’re irresistibly desirable, and they refuseto change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age、 (Para、 3)Irresistible: 1 being impossible to refuse, not want 无法抗拒得2 being strong or powerful and impossible to control Irresistible force2)If, at the end of his four-minute allotment of time for grooming, aman has managed to wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn’t bleeding too badly, he feels he’s done all he can、(Para、4)groom:vt、 1 梳妆;打扮 2擦洗,刷洗(动物,尤指马匹)E、g、 Every time before she goes out to a party, she spends hours and hours grooming herself、她每次外出参加聚会前,都花好几个小时梳妆打扮。
提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法
提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法英文回答：To improve insulin sensitivity, there are several exercise methods that can be effective. Here are a few examples:1. High-intensity interval training (HIIT): This type of exercise involves alternating between short bursts of intense activity and periods of rest or lower intensity. HIIT has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and increase glucose uptake in the muscles. For example, you can try doing sprints for 30 seconds followed by a 1-minute recovery period, and repeat this cycle for a total of 10-15 minutes.2. Resistance training: Building muscle mass can help improve insulin sensitivity. Resistance training exercises, such as weightlifting or using resistance bands, can be beneficial. For instance, you can incorporate exerciseslike squats, deadlifts, and push-ups into your routine. Aim for 2-3 sessions per week, with a focus on different muscle groups each time.3. Aerobic exercise: Engaging in moderate-intensity aerobic activities, such as brisk walking, jogging, or cycling, can also enhance insulin sensitivity. Aim for at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week. For example, you can go for a 30-minute jog or take a 1-hour cycling class a few times a week.4. Yoga or Pilates: These forms of exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity by reducing stress levels and promoting relaxation. Additionally, they can improve flexibility and balance. Consider attending a yoga orPilates class once or twice a week to reap the benefits.5. Daily physical activity: Incorporating more movement into your daily routine can also contribute to improving insulin sensitivity. Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk or bike to work, or do household chores that require physical effort. Small changes like these can addup and make a difference.中文回答：提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法有几种有效的方式。
CXB2_U6_LEAD IN
communication.
A ball bounced over the net and the whole world was shocked. ——Zhou Enlai
The sound generated in play gave the game its first nicknames of “whiff-whaff” and “ping-pong”. Ping-pong was introduced to China in the early years of the 20th century, and gradually became a national sport, loved and played by millions.
Since 2008 the doubles have been replaced by the team events (Beijing was the first time that table tennis had an Olympic team event).
Ping Pong is our national sport and it has been
The game has even played a role in international politics
when a group of American table tennis players were
invited to China in 1971 to play and train with Chinese athletes. The move signaled a renewal of ties between China and the US during an era of what became called “ping-pong diplomacy”.
新视野大学英语视听说B4U2机上测试答案
新视野大学英语视听说B4U2机上测试答案1. I wish you wouldn’t leave your dirty clothes and socks ____________ the floor. （）[单选题] *A. all over(正确答案)B. all in allC. kind ofD. a kind of2. She ____________ how her mother feels about her going abroad to work. （） [单选题] *A. concerns aboutB. is concerned about(正确答案)C. is advised onD. advises on3. Remember to bring our raincoats ____________ it rains as the weather forecast said. （） [单选题] *A. even thoughB. because ofC. in case(正确答案)D. now that4. In many western countries, an 18-year-old is considered old enough to be____________.（） [单选题] *A. in their ownB. for their ownC. with their ownD. on their own(正确答案)5. I value this picture a lot as it ___________ the exciting days we had during our trip to Tibet.（） [单选题] *A. reminds me of(正确答案)B. reminds meC. recalls meD. recalls me of1. Are you going to fix the car yourself or are you going to have it ____________ at the garage?（） [单选题] *A. fixingB. to fixC. fixD. fixed(正确答案)2. If ____________ in the fridge, the fruit can remain fresh for more than a week. （）[单选题] *A. keepingB. B. be keptC. C. kept(正确答案)D. D. to keep3. Thousands of products ____________ from crude oil are now in daily use. （） [单选题] *A. to makeB. be madeC. makingD. made(正确答案)4. At the international conference, the famous scientist gave an excellent report____________on his recent experiment. （） [单选题] *A. basingB. based(正确答案)C. to be basedD. to base5. It is said that the agreement ____________ between the two companies last month will become effective ( 有效的 ) from May 1st. （） [单选题] *A. to signB. signed(正确答案)C. to be signedD. signing6. The first textbook ____________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. （） [单选题] *A. writingB. written(正确答案)C. to writeD. to be written7. ____________ to find the proper job, he decided to give up job hunting in this city. （） [单选题] *A. FailedB. Being failedC. To failD. Having failed(正确答案)8. ____________ up at the clock on the wall, the secretary found it was already midnight. （） [单选题] *A. Looking(正确答案)B. LookC. To lookD. Looked9. ____________ that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him. （）[单选题] *A. HeardB. Having heard(正确答案)C. HearD. To hear10. The proposal ____________, we’ll have to make another decision about when to start the project. （） [单选题] *A. accepted(正确答案)B. acceptingC. to acceptD. be accepted1. If you ____________ me to help, I’ll be there. （） [单选题] *A. call atB. call backC. call upon(正确答案)D. call in2. I think if we give her the opportunity, she will ____________ a good student. （） [单选题] *A. turn into(正确答案)B. turn onC. turn outD. turn up3. I know you are a busy man. I don’t want to ____________ too much of your time. （） [单选题] *A. take overB. take awayC. take outD. take up(正确答案)4. Have ____________ more of your soup, and then you could have dessert. （） [单选题] *A. a fewB. a bit(正确答案)C. a sortD. a couple5. “____________ the test,” the teacher continued, “bring only two pencils with you. No calculator will be allowed.”（） [单选题] *A. As well asB. As thoughC. As aboutD. As for(正确答案)1. She wanted to know ____________ child was on the grass. （） [单选题] *A. thatB. whose(正确答案)C. whatD. whom2. The police asked the villagers if it was the place ____________ they found the lost child. （） [单选题] *A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where(正确答案)3. She knows the young man very well ____________ she has worked for so long. （）[单选题] *A. to whomB. in whomC. whomD. with whom(正确答案)4. Few people ____________ applied for the position met the requirements of the company. （） [单选题] *A. whomB. who(正确答案)C. whatD. whose5. The old man has two daughters, ____________ are doctors. （） [单选题] *A. both of themB. both of whom(正确答案)C. both whoD. they both6. The days ____________ you could travel without a passport are gone. （） [单选题] *A. of whichB. with whichC. in which(正确答案)D. at which7. The village ____________ my grandfather grew up is not far from our town. （） [单选题] *A. in thereB. in thatC. whichD. where(正确答案)8. Mr. Jones, ____________ life was once very hard, is now very successful in his business. （） [单选题] *A. of himB. hisC. whose(正确答案)D. by whom1. As we go about our everyday life, many of us tend to place people ____________ their social status. （） [单选题] *A. on terms ofB. by terms ofC. in terms of(正确答案)D. from terms of2. Mr. Smith created school projects to ____________ their children’s work. （） [单选题] *A. get parents preparing inB. get parents prepared inC. get parents involving inD. get parents involved in(正确答案)3. The drug treatments ____________ passing the virus to her unborn child. （） [单选题] *A. keep the mother outB. keep the mother from(正确答案)C. keep the mother out ofD. keep the mother back from4. It is always wiser and safer to face up to reality, however painful it may be____________.（） [单选题] *A.at the moment(正确答案)B. for the momentC. on the momentD. the moment5. English is the international language and people with good English skills can____________ in many international settings. （） [单选题] *A. get alongB. get awayC. get by(正确答案)D. get over1. ____________ I travel, I will buy something nice for my family. （） [单选题] *A. All the timeB. At timesC. From time to timeD. Every time(正确答案)2. I am going to do my assignment. Could you ____________ the music a little? （） [单选题] *A. turn upB. turn down(正确答案)C. turn offD. turn over3. The current price of the real estate ____________ the financial ability of most people. （） [单选题] *A. goes beyond(正确答案)B. goes byC. goes forD. goes into4. China will actively ____________ international affairs and play a constructive role in it. （） [单选题] *A. participate atB. participate in(正确答案)C. adjust toD. adjust with5. The public expects the conference to have a marked ___________ on the country’s future. （） [单选题] *A. designB. goalC. impact(正确答案)D. movement1. If you start feeling ill when traveling, you should take care of yourself ____________.（） [单选题] *A. as fast as possibleB. as faster as possibleC. as soon as possible(正确答案)D. as sooner as possible2. To learn any new language, it is best to ____________ a native speaker. （） [单选题] *A. take you in contact withB. take yourself in contact withC. bring you in contact withD. bring yourself in contact with(正确答案)3. It takes a while to ____________, so take extra clothes in case you need them. （）[单选题] *A. get used to change temperaturesB. get used to changing temperatures(正确答案)C. get yourself used to change temperaturesD. get used of changing temperatures4. It is reported that drunk driving ____________ the death of over one hundred people in this city last year. （） [单选题] *A. resulted in(正确答案)B. was resulted inC. resulted fromD. was resulted from5. Helen told her son to ____________ people who have such bad habits as taking drugs or gamblin. （） [单选题] *A. stay awayB. stay fromC. stay away ofD. stay away from(正确答案)1. Not for a moment ____________ the truth of your explanation about the event. （）[单选题] *A. we have doubtedB. did we doubt(正确答案)C. we had doubtedD. doubted we2. So loudly ____________ that people could hear it out in the street. （） [单选题] *A. did the students play the music(正确答案)B. the students playing the musicC. the students played the musicD. have the students played the music3. So ________ after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night. （） [单选题] *A. excited the mother wasB. was the mother excitedC. the mother was excitedD. excited was the mother(正确答案)4. Not until yesterday ____________ anything about the project that will be completed soon. （） [单选题] *A. did I learn(正确答案)B. have I learnedC. I learntD. that I learnt1. The couple didn’t want anyone to ____________ their way of life. （） [单选题] *A. come away withB. interfere with(正确答案)C. lash outD. substitute for2. We had warned him ____________ of his carelessness. Now we will have to fire him. （） [单选题] *A. again and again(正确答案)B. again by againC. little by littleD. little and little3. I will rent this apartment because of the convenient transportation. There is a subway station ____________ our community. （） [单选题] *A. in front of(正确答案)B. on front ofC. by front ofD. up front of4. We discovered that we’ve got a lot ____________, you know, the same interests and we laugh at the same things. （） [单选题] *A. by commonB. for commonC. in common(正确答案)D. with common5. Today is the deadline. I must ____________ you staying late to finish your assignment. （） [单选题] *A. be insisted inB. insist inC. be insisted onD. insist on(正确答案)1. There are two doors, one of which ____________ to the living room and the other to the kitchen. （） [单选题] *A. leads(正确答案)B. to leadC. leadingD. led2. The manager, as well as his advisers, ____________ to attend the world fair. （） [单选题] *A. are agreedB. were agreedC. have agreedD. has agreed(正确答案)1. The doctor told me I was all right but ____________ a good rest. （） [单选题] *A. for need ofB. in need of(正确答案)C. lack of inD. lack of2. I had to ____________ so much paperwork on my first day of work. （） [单选题] *A. fill out(正确答案)B. fill out withC. fill upD. fill up with3. At the end of the financial report, the board president said, “____________, we are okay.”（） [单选题] *A. By shortB. In short(正确答案)C. In additionD. In addition to4. If you follow a definite schedule, you can certainly ____________ your time. （） [单选题] *A. allow forB. reach outC. make better use of(正确答案)D. have an effect on5. She suffers from heart disease ____________ she had to give up her job last year. （）[单选题] *A. so thatB. such thatC. so much thatD. so much so that(正确答案)1. While ____________ in London, the young engineer picked up some English. （）[单选题] *A. staying(正确答案)B. stayC. stayedD. to stay2. ____________ the population is too large, the government has to take measures to control the birth rate. （） [单选题] *A. AlthoughB. Since(正确答案)C. IfD. Until3. He bought an expensive coat ____________ he had no job. （） [单选题] *A. unlessB. sinceC. although(正确答案)D. till4. The police knew nothing about the case ____________ you phoned them. （） [单选题] *A. whileB. sinceC. afterD. until(正确答案)5. I’ll lend you my computer ____________ you promise to take care of it. （） [单选题] *A. unlessB. asC. whileD. if(正确答案)6. She didn’t go to the cinema last night, ____________ she had to finish her term paper. （） [单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. ifC. tillD. though7. When he went out, he would wear sunglasses ______ nobody would recognize him. （） [单选题] *A. so that(正确答案)B. now thatC. as thoughD. in case8. The machine will continue to make much noise ____________ we have it repaired. （） [单选题] *A. whenB. becauseC. ifD. unless(正确答案)。
不同运动方式介导下的白色脂肪组织棕色化
肥胖是一种由遗传、环境、心理和社会等因素引起的慢性代谢性疾病,它极大地增加了人们患糖尿病、心血管疾病、非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病的概率。
全球肥胖率持续上升,目前成人年龄标化肥胖率是14%,远高于1980年的4.6%[1]。
肥胖源于能量摄入与消耗的不均衡,这种不均衡会导致体内白色脂肪组织(white adipose tissue,WAT)过剩。
近年来的研究显示了WAT 棕色化在肥胖治疗上的潜在价值[2-3]。
运动能使脂肪组织产生良好适应,包括WAT 棕色化[2,4]。
科学的运动作为干预和治疗肥胖的一种非药物手段,对代谢健康有良好的促进作用,而运动效果又因运动方式的不同有所差异。
因此,研究不同运动方式对WAT 棕色化的影响对肥胖的干预非常重要。
1白色脂肪组织棕色化脂肪组织是人体能量代谢的重要器官,对能量平衡和葡萄糖代谢具有重要的调节作用,同时DOI:10.16605/ki.1007-7847.2022.08.0190不同运动方式介导下的白色脂肪组织棕色化收稿日期:2022-08-12;修回日期:2022-11-30;网络首发日期:2023-03-15基金项目:国家重点研发计划“主动健康和老龄化科技应对”重点专项(2022YFC2010200);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2020045);教育部“运动与体质健康”重点实验室支持项目作者简介:曾丽清(2000—),女,四川西昌人,硕士研究生;*通信作者:张培珍(1974—),女,山西原平人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事运动与心血管健康、运动健身与运动处方、运动营养研究,E-mail:*******************。
曾丽清,张培珍*(北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,中国北京100084)摘要:脂肪组织是一种具有多种生理功能的高度复杂的异质性组织,不同部位、不同类型的脂肪组织在代谢特征上存在差异,过多的白色脂肪组织(white adipose tissue,WAT)会造成肥胖,而棕色脂肪组织(brown adipose tissue,BAT)在影响能量消耗方面起着重要作用,近年来不断有研究证实运动能促进WAT 棕色化,这将对代谢健康大有裨益。
提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法
提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法英文回答：To improve insulin sensitivity, there are several exercise methods that can be beneficial. Regular physical activity plays a crucial role in increasing insulin sensitivity and managing blood sugar levels. Here are some effective exercise methods:1. Aerobic Exercise: Engaging in aerobic exercises such as brisk walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, or dancing can help improve insulin sensitivity. These activities increase heart rate and require the body to use glucose for energy, thus improving insulin sensitivity over time.For example, I often go for a jog in the morning before work. Not only does it help me stay fit, but it also improves my insulin sensitivity. I have noticed that my blood sugar levels are more stable throughout the day when I include aerobic exercise in my routine.2. Resistance Training: Including resistance training or strength training exercises in your workout routine can also improve insulin sensitivity. These exercises involve the use of weights or resistance bands to build muscle strength and increase muscle mass.For instance, I regularly do weightlifting at the gym. It not only helps me build muscle and increase my strength but also improves my insulin sensitivity. I have noticed that my body responds better to insulin after incorporating resistance training into my exercise routine.3. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT): HIIT workouts involve short bursts of intense exercise followed by short recovery periods. This type of training has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and promote fat loss.An example of a HIIT workout is sprinting for 30 seconds, followed by a 1-minute recovery period of walking or light jogging. Repeat this cycle for a total of 10-15 minutes. I find HIIT workouts to be time-efficient andeffective in improving my insulin sensitivity.4. Yoga and Pilates: Practicing yoga and Pilates can also help improve insulin sensitivity. These activities focus on flexibility, balance, and core strength. They can help reduce stress levels, which is beneficial for managing blood sugar levels.I enjoy attending yoga classes twice a week. Not only does it help me relax and reduce stress, but it also improves my insulin sensitivity. I have noticed that my blood sugar levels are more stable on the days when I practice yoga.中文回答：提高胰岛素敏感度的运动方法有很多种。
强调句+非谓语动词在写作中的应用+课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
态度类：
Without any doubt Without any exaggeration To some extent/degree Te be honest/frank Honestly speaking In some way Undoubtedly/Undeniably Evidently/Apparently Obviously/
2. 从那开始，每每当我紧张忘词时，就是母亲那激励性的话语和在风中摇摆的蒲公英，让 我重新鼓起勇气和信心。（强调句）
3. 我的表现如此之好和让人印象深刻，以至于最挑剔的评委，包括校长，都高度赞扬我。 （倒装句）
4. 直到那时，我才意识到所有人，即使平凡如院子里的蒲公英，都可以大有作为。（倒装 句）
One possible version: “Do you mean that every flower has its own beauty?” asked my mother thoughtfully. I nodded without hesitation, as if a second wasted could threaten the life of dandelions. “The same to you,” she added, her voice soft. “Not everyone can be a rose, and it is also an honor to be a dandelion.” Knowing that my mother had realized my pain, I took off the mask that I had worn for the whole lunch time and poured out my upset heartily. Having learned what had happened, Mom patted me on the back gently and said, “but you will be a beautiful narrator.” She reminded me of how fluently I could deliver my part at home. It was at that time that I understood that maybe I was more suitable for a role backstage like a narrator. From then on, I practiced my lines heart and soul with my mother at lunch time for weeks. Eventually, the performance that night was a big success. Hearing the thunderous applause, I took pride in my role and firmly believed that even a dandelion had its own beauty.
Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton 腿部康复外戴腿关节动力学
Design and analysis of Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exoskeleton knee jointactuatorChen Yuliang1 ,Cao Heng1 ,Zhu Jun1 ,Mo Songhai11.School of mechanical and dynamic engineering，East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai, ChinaAbstract—In order to obtain a knee joint actuator with small volume, light weight and easy control, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the knee joint actuators, the motion laws and motion forms of the human knee joints. We designed an exoskeleton knee actuator actuated by parallel four bar linkage. The motion of the knee joint of the exoskeleton adopts parallel four-bar linkage to ensure the linear motion of the knee joint while reducing the volume of the whole actuator. In this paper, we analyzed the kinematics of parallel four-bar linkage, and the motion characteristics of the mechanism, simulated the whole knee actuator, drew a diagram of the relation between the rotation angle of the knee joint, angular acceleration and screw displacement.Keywords—Exoskeleton;Parallel four-bar linkage; Knee; ADAMS simulationI.INTRODUCTIONRecently, the number of patients with hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is increasing, and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is also increasing at a steady pace. According to incomplete statistics, there are as many as 250 cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in our country every year. About 80% of them have left different degrees of limb dyskinesia after treatment, mainly manifested as limited limb movement, atrophy and so on. By the end of 2017, there were 80 million 500 thousand disabled family workers in China, and the total number of disabled people was nearly 95 million. The emergence of the rehabilitative exoskeleton has helped many disabled people stand up again.The earliest exoskeleton was the prototype called "Hardiman" developed by General Company in 1960[1]1-2. In 2000, the Bleex lower limb weight-bearing exoskeleton robot appeared[2]2-3Amami Kanou team of University developed HAL lower limb exoskeleton to help patients with gait disorders to walk[1]4-5. The “InteHigent Walking Assistive Robot” of Sogang University helps the disabled and the elderly who walk inconveniently[1]5-6. The “Lokoomat” lower extremity exoskeleton mainly trains patients with lower extremity injury, dysfunction and walking inconvenience which developed by the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and the Balgrist Medical Rehabilitation Center [1]8-9. In 2010, Elegs developed by Berkeley Biomimetic Technologies Inc. helped paraplegics get rid of wheelchairs completely and walk independently[7][8]. Wearable lower extremity exoskeleton robot designed by Yang Canjun team of Zhejiang University can help stroke patients perform some simple indoor rehabilitation training[1]11-12. Fourier X1, the first lower extremity exoskeleton robot launched by Fourier in 2017. At the same time, Fourier X1 is the first commercial robot in China, which can be intelligently adjusted by users.However, there are some common problems in the knee actuators of rehabilitative lower limb exoskeletons in China. For example, the knee joint actuator of the lower extremity exoskeleton robot developed by Yang Canjun team of Zhejiang University, which is driven by a common push rod mechanism, motor, through the ball screw, keep the nuts on the ball screw fixed, and the motion of the screw promotes the knee joint movement. However, its shortcomings are that the structure of the actuator is large, the motion is not smooth, the effect of force transmission is not good, and the linearity of linear motion and knee joint rotation is poor. The knee joint actuators of the wearable intelligent power assisted robot3rd Joint International Information Technology, Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Conference (JIMEC 2018)developed by Hefei intelligent are driven by hydraulics. The disadvantage is that the motion will be unstable when the load changes greatly, the transmission efficiency is low, and it is easy to leak.Therefore, it is necessary to develop a rehabilitation knee joint actuator with compact structure, smooth movement, high transmission efficiency, cleanliness and easy control.II.MOTION ANALYSIS OF KNEE JOINTThe knee joint is consisted of the medial and lateral femoral condyles, the medial and lateral tibial condyles and the patella. It is the largest and most complex joint in the human body and suffers more chance of injury. It belongs to the trochlear joint.The basic movement of the knee joint is flexion / extension motion, and the angle of active motion is 0 degrees ~140 degrees[2]10-12.In the range of motion cycle of walking, knee joint does not have a complete stretching process, and the maximum need for flexion is about 70 degrees.When the knee joint is fully straightened, the tibial intercondylar eminence is locked with the femoral intercondylar fossa, and the lateral collateral ligament is tense. Besides flexion and extension, the femoral and tibial joints can not complete other movements.When the knee joint flexes, the posterior part of both femoral condyles enters the articular fossa, the interlocking factor is relieved, the collateral ligament is relaxed, and the femoral-tibial joint can rotate slightly around the vertical axis.During knee joint movement, the meniscus can move backward when bending the knee and forward when stretching the knee. When crus rotates, the meniscus moves forward with the femoral condyle, one side slides forward and the other side slides backward.III.MECHANICAL STRUCTURE DESIGNA.Selection of Driving ModeIn the aspect of driving, not only ingenious design is needed to make the exoskeleton robot wear on human body as easy as possible without interference, but also sufficient driving force is required to achieve energy enhancement. This requires small size and large output of the driver. At present, the main driving modes are hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive and motor drive.Hydraulic drive has good dynamic performance. Under the same output power, the transmission process will not cause a greater impact on the mechanism, and has a certain overload protection function[3]. Its shortcomings are also prominent. Firstly, hydraulic oil is easily ignited, leaked and polluted. In many cases, there is no finished product, so it needs complex structural design, which takes a long time. The transmission efficiency is very low, its transmission accuracy is not high and the noise is high [9].Pneumatic drive is driven by air and other gases as energy transmission medium. It has many similarities with hydraulic drive, but also has some advantages that hydraulic drive does not have. It has low cost, green and pollution-free, little resistance in operation, high safety, and is not disturbed by high temperature. The disadvantage is that the gas density varies greatly, so the transmission stability is poor, and it is not easy to carry out accurate position control.Motor drive is the most common way, simple principle, good motor control performance, running noise is very small, motion accuracy is high, clean, these are very suitable for rehabilitation medical equipment. At present, the control theory of motor is very mature, which can realize the complex control of exoskeleton function[2]27-30. The encoder on the motor can output the motion state of the motor output shaft in real time, so the signal detection and processing in the process of motor driving is very convenient. Therefore, from all aspects of consideration, the final decision is to adopt motor driven mode.B.Mechanical structure of knee joint actuatorKnee joint is one of the joints with heavy load in daily life. It is indispensable for walking, sitting, lying, running and jumping in daily life.Every pound of weight gain, the knee area has to bear six times the weight, so the protection of the knee joint is necessary. In the rehabilitative lower extremity exoskeleton (as shown in Figure 1), the knee and hip joints are driven by a parallel four-bar linkage, and the principle is roughly the same.But knee actuators are more complex and representative, so it is very important to analyze knee actuators.执行器ActuatorFig.1. Rehabilitation of lower limb exoskeletonThe degree of freedom of the single knee actuator is 1,and the actuator moves in the sagittal plane of the human body.Therefore, the requirement of exoskeleton design in this paperis that the range of DOF meets the requirements of walkingand sitting in sagittal plane[5][6]. The joint torque meets thewalking torque requirement after weight reduction. Theactuator structure is flexible, and the structure is light. Theactuator structure is protected by limited position in the limitposition, which can avoid two times of injury. The prototypeof the knee joint actuator and the explosion map are shown inFigure 2. The main parameters are shown in TABLE Ⅰ.1234567891011121314151617Fig.2. Knee joint actuator prototype and explosion mapIn Fig.2, 1 the motor, 2 the coupling, 3 the locking nut, 4the bolt, 5, 7 and 8 the thrust bearings, 6 bearing covers, 9 thenut of the ball screw, 10 the nut sleeve, 11 the knee jointactuator frame, 12 the ball screw, 13, 14, 15 parallel four-barconnecting rods, 16 the knee joint shaft, 17 the knee jointrotating Block. In addition to the material of parallel fourconnecting rods is stainless steel, the remaining structuralmaterials are 7075 alloy aluminum.TABLE ⅠKnee joint actuator parametersball screw and a parallel four-bar linkage. The driving schemeof the knee joint actuator is shown in Fig. 3. The rotation ofthe motor drives the ball screw to rotate through the coupling.The nut on the ball screw moves in a straight line along theball screw, and the knee joint is driven by the parallel four-barlinkage mechanism.motor couplingThrustballbearingDeepgrooveballbearingBallscrewSelflubricating bearingFig.3. Actuator power drive schematic diagramIn order to reduce the vibration during the movement ofball screw and make the force and moment transfer stable andreliable, three bearings[10]3-280 (as shown in Fig. 3) are used tosupport the ball screw structure. At the same time, the axialforce and the radial force are larger, which can reduce theprocessing accuracy of the bearing seat and reduce the cost.锁紧螺母盖板Cover plateLock nutFig.4. Bearing installation drawingBearing positioning and fixing scheme is shown in Fig. 4. According to the installation sequence, the order from right to left is deep groove ball bearing, sleeve, thrust ball bearing Ⅱ, cover plate, thrust ball bearing Ⅰ and locking nut. Deep groove ball bearings are positioned by the step on the right side of the ball screw. The sleeve on the left side fixes the deep groove ball bearings and separates the deep groove ball bearings from the thrust ball bearings [10]280-467. The right fixed end of thrust ball bearing 2 moves with the ball screw, while the left fixed end is installed on the cover plate. The left side of thrust ball bearing Ⅰ is free end and the right side is fixed end. The installation method is similar to that of thrust ball bearing Ⅱ. Finally, the locking nut on the left holds the thrust ball bearing.IV. .KINEMATIC ANALYSISA. Linkage modelThe linkage mechanism of the knee actuator is a parallel four-bar linkage, as shown in Fig.5. The nut A on the ball screw moves on the ball screw, pushing the point B around the point C for circular motion.The quadrilateral BCDE is a parallelogram, so the point E is consistent with the motion of point B .φ1is the angle between the rod AB and the horizontal line.φ2 is the angle between the rod BC/DE and the horizontal line. S is the vertical distance between point A and point C . x 0 is the horizontal distance between the initial position of point A and the point C .x 1is the horizontal distance between the initial position of point A and the point D .The lengths of rods AB and rods BE are l 1and l 3.Thelength of rod BC and rod DE is l 2.Fig.5. Parallel four-bar linkageB. kinematic analysisThe origin of coordinates is set at the intersection point between the horizontal line of A and the vertical line of C (as shown in Fig.5). Then we can get the dynamic position expression of point A .x A =x 0−v A ·t (1)Where, x 0 is the initial position of nut A ,and v A is the speed of point A . Because the nut A is driven by the motor through the coupling and lead screw. Then, we have the following expressions:v A =n 0·ℎ (2)n 0 is the speed of the motor and h is the lead of the ballscrew.l 1cosφ1+l 2cosφ2=x A (3)l 1sinφ1+s =l 2sinφ2 (4)The formula (3) and the formula (4) can be obtainedseparately:cosφ1=x A −l 2cosφ2l 1(5)sinφ1=l 2sinφ2−sl 1(6)because cos 2φ1+sin 2φ1=1，we can obtain the following equation:x A 2+s 2+l 22−l 12=2l 2（x A cos φ2+s sin φ2） (7) Assume sin α=A √x 2+s 2cos α=√x 2+s 2formula(7) becomes the following: sin αcos φ2+cos αsin φ2=A 2222122l √x 2+s 2sin (α+φ2)=A 2222122l √x 2+s 2(8)φ2=π−sinA 2222122l √x A 2+s 2sin A √x A 2+s 2(9)The relationship between the speed of the nut movement and the rotation angle of the knee can be obtained through the formula (1) and the formula (9).V. ADAMS SIMULATION ANALYSIS The three-dimensional Solidworks model of the Rehabilitation Exoskeleton knee joint actuator is saved as the corresponding format and imported into ADAMS software. The material characteristic parameters of each part of the modelare set according to the actual material. By adding appropriate constraints and setting the appropriate speed of the motor, the motion curve of the knee joint actuator is close to that of the disabled. The lead of the ball screw is 2mm, the model set up is shown in Fig. 6.Fig.6. Knee actuator model in ADAMSThe driving input of the model is the input according to the walking cycle of the disabled. Because during normal walking, the rotation angle of the knee does not exceed 70 degrees. So the function of input speed of motor in ADAMS is as follows:STEP5(time , 0 , 0d , 1 , -2000d )+STEP5( time , 1 , 0d , 4 , 1500d )+STEP5( time , 4 , 0d , 7.5 , -10000d )+STEP5( time, 7.5 , 0d , 10 , 10500d )，The cycle is 10s [2]15-17. Using ADAMS software post-processing module to simulate and analyze theknee joint actuator. We can obtain the curves of rotation angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration of unilateral knee joint actuator and displacement, velocity and acceleration of screw nut, as shown in figs. 7, 8 and 9. The red solid line in the picture is the curve of the knee joint, and the blue dotted line is the curve of the nut.Fig.7. Knee joint actuator rotation angle and screw nut displacementFrom figs. 7, 8 and 9, we can be seen that the curve of knee joint rotation angle and screw nut displacement is almost the same, and the linearity is very good. So this provides a very good condition for controlling knee joint motion, that is, controlling the movement of nuts can control the knee joint angular motion. The angular velocity of the knee joint and the speedof the screw nut,the angular acceleration of the knee joint and the acceleration of the screw nut are relatively smooth, which will not make the users feel uncomfortable.Fig.8. Knee angular velocity and lead screw velocityFig.9. Knee angular acceleration and screw accelerationN u t d i s p l a c e m e n t （m m ）Knee joint rotation angle （deg ）Fig.10. Relationship between rotation angle of knee joint and screw nutdisplacementThe relationship between the rotation angle of the kneeand the displacement of the screw nut is shown in Fig.10. They have good linearity (solid lines represent the relationship between them, dashed lines represent the closest oblique line of the curve). This shows that the knee joint motion angle can be controlled accurately only by controlling the forward and backward rotation of the motor and the rotational speed of the motor. The control accuracy is effectively improved, and the basis for further control is further established.VI.CONCLUSIONIn this paper, we present a design of a rehabilitation knee joint actuator for lower limb exoskeleton based on parallel four-bar linkage.It can help the knee joint flexion / extension movement of the lower extremity disabled people.The actuator ball screw is driven by DC motor to facilitate subsequent control.The kinematics analysis of the parallel four-bar linkage is carried out, and we obtain the relationship between the rotation angle of the linkage and the displacement of the ball screw nut. Using ADAMS software to simulate the flexion/extension motion of the knee joint actuator of the lower extremity exoskeleton, the linear relationship between the motor speed and the knee joint rotation angle was further validated.We obtain the relationship between the displacement, velocity and acceleration of the screw nut and the rotation angle, angular velocity and angular acceleration of the knee joint.It provides a basis for controlling the knee joint of rehabilitation lower limb exoskeleton.ACKNOWLEDGMENTThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 91748110.REFERENCES[1]Jiashan. Kinetic analysis and motion planning of lower extremityexoskeletons [D]. Southeast University, 2016:1-116.[2]Chen Wei. Structural design and reliability analysis of bionic lowerextremity exoskeleton robot [D]. University of Electronic Science and Technology, 2015:9-41.[3]Pei Xiang, Li Qucheng, Jin Dingcan. Design and analysis of a seriesthree-degree-of-freedom hip joint mechanism [J]. Mechanical designand research, 2014:51-54.[4]Shi Xiaohua, Wang Hongbo, Sun Li. Structural design and dynamicanalysis of exoskeleton lower limb rehabilitation robot [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014 (03): 47-54.[5]Fang Mingzhou, Wang Yu, Zhu Jun. Research and Simulation ofheavy-duty exoskeleton robot mechanism of lower limbs [J]. Journal of East China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2014:118-121.[6]Rao Lingjun, Xie Wei, Zhu Xiaobiao. Research and design of lowerextremity exoskeleton walking rehabilitation robot [J]. Mechanical design and research, 2012 (03): 31-33.[7]Huang R., Cheng H, Chen Q., et al. Interactive learning for sensitivityfactors of a human-powered augmentation lower exoskeleton.Ieee/rsjInternational Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE,2015:6409-6415.[8]Huang R., Cheng H., Guo H., et al. Hierarchical Interactive Learningfor a HUman-Powered Augmentation Lower Exoskeleton.IEEEInternational Conference on Robotics and Automation. IEEE,2016:257-263.[9]Zheng Jianrong. Introduction and improvement of ADAMS virtualprototyping technology. Beijing: Machinery Industry Press, 2001:93-185.[10]Cheng Daxian. Editor-in-chief. Mechanical Design Manual. FourthEdition. Beijing. Chemical Industry Publishing House, 2002:3-467.。
新视野大学英语读写译B4U2教案
2.Men do not think of their looks in the same way as women do.
3.The differences between how women and men view their own looks are caused by complexpsychological and societal factors.
4.Differences in care for details in women’s appearance.
5.There is no easy way for a man to answer a woman’s question of how she looks.
Part Two: Objectives & Learning Targets
Her writing was influenced by various strands of thought popular intury.
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vt 1.使黯然失色，是相形见绌，光辉盖过
这个小镇和其北边较大的邻镇相比显得黯然失色。
2.疾病，慢性的，长期的
要降低患慢性病的风险，重要的是每周都要进展体育锻炼。
To reduce the risk of chronic disease, it is important to have physical exercise every week.
Part Three:
New Expressions
高三英语高效课堂资料周二 B4U2构建最新
【Learning Aims】
1.To build and perfect the knowledge system of word family in B4U2.
2.To put them into practice flexibly and learn from the good qualities from Yuan Longping.
Presentation: 1. Be careful and thoughtful. 2. Just write down the answers. 3. Pay attention to handwriting.
comment :
1. Only make comments on mistakes
2. anyone can question
Special attention
1. The teacher often comments on/upon h__o_w__
different the two boys are.
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Happy presentation and comment
Groups and Tasks
Instructions
Group 1---- 2
Group 2 ----3 Group3---- 6 Group 4----7 Group 5----8 Group6----9 Group7---10 Group8---11
Indians figured out exactly___h_o_w__thick the adobe
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髂胫束训练方法
髂胫束训练方法Training the iliotibial band (ITB) can be an important aspect of any workout routine. 髂胫束（ITB）的训练对于任何锻炼计划来说都是非常重要的。
Many people experience tightness or pain in this area, which can be alleviated through targeted exercises and stretches. 许多人在这个部位感到紧张或疼痛，通过有针对性的练习和伸展可以缓解。
There are several different methods for training the ITB, including strength training, stretching, and foam rolling. 有几种不同的方法可以用来训练髂胫束，包括力量训练，伸展以及泡沫滚动。
Each method has its own benefits and can be effective in improving ITB strength and flexibility. 每种方法都有其自身的好处，并且在提高髂胫束的力量和灵活性方面都是有效的。
It is important to understand the different training methods and how they can be incorporated into a well-rounded fitness routine. 了解不同的训练方法以及如何将它们融入完整的健身计划中是很重要的。
Strength training is one of the most effective methods for trainingthe ITB. 力量训练是训练髂胫束最有效的方法之一。
老年糖尿病患者运动计划教案
老年糖尿病患者运动计划教案英文回答：As a fitness trainer, I have designed a comprehensive exercise plan for elderly diabetic patients. This plan focuses on improving cardiovascular health, increasing muscle strength, and maintaining flexibility. It is important to note that before starting any exercise program, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professionalto ensure safety and suitability for individual needs.Firstly, cardiovascular exercises such as walking, swimming, or cycling should be included in the workout routine. These activities help to improve heart health, lower blood pressure, and control blood sugar levels. For example, brisk walking for 30 minutes a day cansignificantly improve cardiovascular fitness. Additionally, swimming is a low-impact exercise that is gentle on the joints and can be a great option for elderly individualswith joint pain.Secondly, strength training exercises should be incorporated into the plan to increase muscle strength and improve overall body composition. This can be done using resistance bands, dumbbells, or even bodyweight exercises. For instance, performing squats, lunges, and push-ups can help to strengthen the lower body and upper body muscles. Strength training not only improves physical strength but also helps in maintaining bone density, which is crucialfor elderly individuals.Furthermore, flexibility exercises such as yoga or stretching should be included to improve joint mobility and reduce the risk of injuries. Yoga poses like the downward dog or child's pose can help to stretch and strengthen the muscles. Regular stretching can also alleviate muscle stiffness and improve overall flexibility.In addition to the exercise plan, it is important to emphasize the significance of proper nutrition and hydration for diabetic patients. A balanced diet with controlled carbohydrate intake is essential to manage bloodsugar levels effectively. Drinking enough water throughout the day is also crucial to prevent dehydration and support overall health.Lastly, it is important to monitor blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise to ensure safety. Diabetic patients should always carry a source of fast-acting carbohydrates, such as glucose tablets or a small juice box, in case of low blood sugar episodes during exercise.Overall, this exercise plan aims to improve cardiovascular health, increase muscle strength, maintain flexibility, and manage blood sugar levels for elderly diabetic patients. It is important to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration of the exercises. Regular physical activity, combined with a healthy diet, can significantly improve the quality of life for elderly individuals with diabetes.中文回答：作为一名健身教练，我为老年糖尿病患者设计了一套全面的运动计划。
英语作文-如何进行高效的腿部训练
英语作文-如何进行高效的腿部训练Effective Leg Training Techniques。
To achieve efficient leg training, it is essential to understand the anatomy of the lower body and employ a variety of exercises that target different muscle groups. A well-rounded leg workout not only enhances strength and endurance but also contributes to overall fitness and athletic performance. Here, we delve into effective strategies for optimizing your leg training regimen.Understanding Leg Anatomy。
The lower body comprises several major muscle groups, including quadriceps, hamstrings, glutes, and calves. Each of these muscles plays a crucial role in various movements such as walking, running, jumping, and squatting. To ensure comprehensive development, it's important to incorporate exercises that engage each of these muscle groups effectively.Key Exercises for Quadriceps。
老年糖尿病患者运动计划教案
老年糖尿病患者运动计划教案英文回答：As an elderly diabetes patient, it is important for meto have a well-planned exercise routine that suits my needs and abilities. Regular physical activity can help improvemy blood sugar control, increase my energy levels, and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes.Firstly, I need to consult with my healthcare provider before starting any exercise program. They can assess my overall health and provide guidance on the types and intensity of exercises that are suitable for me. They may also suggest modifications or precautions based on my specific health conditions.Secondly, I should aim for a combination of aerobic exercises, strength training, and flexibility exercises. Aerobic exercises, such as walking, swimming, or cycling, can help improve my cardiovascular health and burn calories.Strength training exercises, such as lifting weights or using resistance bands, can help increase my musclestrength and improve my overall body composition.Flexibility exercises, such as stretching or yoga, can help improve my joint mobility and reduce the risk of injuries.It is important to start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration of my workouts. For example, I can start with 10 minutes of walking every day andgradually increase it to 30 minutes or more. I can also break up my exercise sessions into shorter bouts throughout the day if needed.I should also pay attention to my blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise. If my blood sugar istoo low (hypoglycemia) before exercise, I may need to havea snack to prevent a drop in blood sugar during the workout. On the other hand, if my blood sugar is too high (hyperglycemia), I may need to adjust my insulin or medication dosage with the guidance of my healthcare provider.In addition, I should listen to my body and make adjustments as needed. If I experience any pain, dizziness, or shortness of breath during exercise, I should stop and seek medical attention if necessary. It is also important to stay hydrated and wear comfortable, supportive shoes and clothing during workouts.Lastly, I should make exercise a part of my daily routine and find activities that I enjoy. This will help me stay motivated and consistent with my exercise plan. For example, I can join a senior exercise class, go for walks with friends or family members, or even dance to myfavorite music at home.Overall, having a well-planned exercise routine can greatly benefit elderly diabetes patients like me. It not only helps improve blood sugar control and overall health but also adds enjoyment and social interaction to my daily life.中文回答：作为一位老年糖尿病患者，对我来说，拥有一个合理的运动计划是非常重要的。
英语作文-如何进行高强度间歇训练
英语作文-如何进行高强度间歇训练High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has gained popularity in recent years due to its efficiency and effectiveness in improving fitness levels. Unlike traditional steady-state cardio exercises, HIIT involves short bursts of intense exercise followed by brief periods of rest or lower-intensity exercise. This method not only saves time but also offers numerous health benefits. Here's how you can effectively engage in high-intensity interval training:Firstly, it's essential to choose exercises that engage multiple muscle groups simultaneously. Compound movements such as squats, lunges, burpees, and push-ups are excellent choices for HIIT workouts as they maximize calorie burn and promote overall strength development.Next, design your HIIT workout routine by selecting a ratio of work to rest periods that suits your fitness level and goals. Beginners may start with a 1:2 ratio, performing high-intensity exercises for 30 seconds followed by 60 seconds of rest or lower-intensity activity. As you progress, you can increase the intensity and decrease the rest periods to challenge yourself further.When performing high-intensity intervals, give it your all during the work periods. Push yourself to the limit and maintain proper form to maximize the effectiveness of each exercise. Remember to listen to your body and adjust the intensity as needed to prevent injury.Incorporate a variety of exercises into your HIIT routine to keep it challenging and engaging. Mix cardio exercises like sprints or jumping jacks with strength exercises such as kettlebell swings or mountain climbers to target different muscle groups and energy systems.Proper warm-up and cooldown are crucial components of any workout, including HIIT. Spend at least 5-10 minutes warming up your muscles with dynamic stretches andlight cardio to prepare your body for the intense workout ahead. Similarly, cool down with static stretches to help reduce muscle soreness and promote flexibility.Consistency is key when it comes to seeing results from HIIT. Aim to incorporate HIIT workouts into your weekly routine at least 2-3 times, allowing for adequate rest days in between sessions to allow your muscles to recover and adapt.As you become more familiar with HIIT, don't be afraid to challenge yourself by increasing the intensity or duration of your workouts gradually. This progression will help you continue to see improvements in your fitness levels and overall health over time.In conclusion, high-intensity interval training offers a time-efficient and effective way to improve cardiovascular fitness, burn fat, and build strength. By selecting the right exercises, designing a well-rounded workout routine, and pushing yourself to the limit during each interval, you can reap the many benefits of HIIT and achieve your fitness goals. Remember to listen to your body, stay consistent, and enjoy the process of becoming stronger and healthier with each workout.。
(全面指南)有氧运动训练课程英文版
(全面指南)有氧运动训练课程英文版Comprehensive Guide to Aerobic Exercise Training ProgramWelcome to our comprehensive guide to aerobic exercise training program! In this document, we will cover everything you need to know about aerobic exercise, its benefits, different types of aerobic workouts, how to create a training program, and tips for success.What is Aerobic Exercise?Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio, is a form of physical activity that increases your heart rate and breathing. It involves repetitive movements of large muscle groups, such as walking, running, swimming, or cycling. Aerobic exercise helps improve cardiovascular health, endurance, and overall fitness levels.Benefits of Aerobic Exercise- Improves heart health- Boosts metabolism- Helps with weight loss- Increases lung capacity- Reduces stress and anxiety- Improves mood and mental healthTypes of Aerobic Workouts1. Low-Impact Aerobics: Gentle on the joints, such as walking or swimming.2. High-Impact Aerobics: More intense, such as running or jumping rope.3. Dance Aerobics: Incorporates dance moves into the workout, like Zumba or Jazzercise.4. Interval Training: Alternates between high-intensity bursts and recovery periods.5. Circuit Training: Combines strength training with aerobic exercises in a circuit format.Creating a Training Program1. Set Goals: Determine what you want to achieve with your aerobic exercise program.2. Choose Activities: Select aerobic activities that you enjoy and can do regularly.3. Schedule Workouts: Plan when and how often you will exercise each week.4. Progress Gradually: Start slowly and gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts.5. Include Variety: Mix up your workouts to prevent boredom and work different muscle groups.6. Monitor Progress: Keep track of your workouts and adjust your program as needed.Tips for Success- Stay hydrated before, during, and after your workouts.- Warm up before exercising and cool down afterwards to prevent injury.- Wear comfortable, supportive shoes and clothing.- Listen to your body and rest when needed.- Incorporate strength training and flexibility exercises into your routine.- Stay consistent and make exercise a priority in your daily routine.By following this comprehensive guide to aerobic exercise training program, you can improve your fitness, health, and overall well-being. Remember to consult with a fitness professional before starting any new exercise program and enjoy the benefits of aerobic exercise!。
英语b级考试试题 (4)
英语B级考试试题阅读理解Passage 1In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the benefits of regular exercise for mental health. Historically, exercise has been primarily associated with physical health benefits, such as weight loss and cardiovascular health. However, studies now show that exercise can also have a positive impact on mental well-being.One study conducted by the University of Cambridge found that regular physical activity can reduce the risk of depression by up to 30%. Exercise increases the production of endorphins, which are natural mood-lifters, and reduces the levels of stress hormones in the body. Additionally, physical activity can provide a distraction from negative thoughts and improve self-esteem.Another study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found that exercise can improve cognitive function and memory. Participants who engaged in regular exercise had better memory recall and performed better on cognitive tasks compared to those who did not exercise regularly.In conclusion, regular exercise not only benefits physical health but also has a significant impact on mental well-being. Incorporating physical activity into one’s daily routine can helpreduce the risk of depression, improve cognitive function, and enhance overall mental health.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?2.According to the University of Cambridge study, howmuch can regular physical activity reduce the risk ofdepression?3.What are endorphins, and how do they affect mood?4.What did the study in the British Journal of SportsMedicine find about exercise and cognitive function?5.Summarize the benefits of regular exercise formental health.写作练习Topic: The Impact of Social Media on SocietyIn today’s digital age, social media platforms hav e become an integral part of our daily lives. While there are many benefits to using social media sites, there are also negative impacts on society that need to be addressed.Firstly, social media has greatly transformed the way we communicate and connect with others. It allows us to stay in touch with friends and family around the world and share moments of our lives instantly. However, this constantconnectivity has also resulted in a decline in face-to-face interactions, leading to a potential lack of social skills and personal connections.Moreover, social media platforms have given rise to the spread of misinformation and fake news. With the ease of creating and sharing content, it has become increasingly challenging to discern reliable information from false narratives. This can have serious consequences, as false information can distort public opinions and influence societal beliefs.Another concerning impact of social media is the negative effect it can have on mental health. Constant exposure to the highlight reels of others’ lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. The pressure to conform to unrealistic beauty standards and the fear of missing out (FOMO) can contribute to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.Furthermore, social media has also played a role in the rise of cyberbullying. The anonymity provided by social media platforms has made it easier for individuals to engage in online harassment and target vulnerable individuals. The long-lasting impact of cyberbullying on mental health is a serious concern that needs to be addressed.In conclusion, while social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and connect, it has also had negative impacts on society. It is crucial for individuals and society as a whole to be aware of these impacts and work towards creating a healthier online environment.参考答案阅读理解1.The benefits of regular exercise for mental health.2.Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of depression by up to 30%.3.Endorphins are natural mood-lifters. They increase the production of endorphins, which can elevate mood and reduce stress.4.The study found that exercise can improve cognitive function and memory. Participants who engaged in regular exercise had better memory recall and performed better on cognitive tasks compared to those who did not exercise regularly.5.The benefits of regular exercise for mental health include a reduced risk of depression, improved cognitive function and memory, increased production of endorphins, reduced stress levels, improved self-esteem, and a distraction from negative thoughts.。
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• JEFF PANIATI, U.S. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMIN The way we’re doing that is working in partnership with the industry to get these kinds of technologies on the market, proven faster. • CORRESPONDENT On display at the Transportation Department’s research center in Virginia, technology in this car warns drivers if they’re veering off the road.
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CORRESPONDENT _________________________________________________________________ _____________________. Officials say it could be years before you see it on the road. Patty Davis, CNN, Mclean, Virginia.
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UNIDENTIFIED MALE It uses high-definition, GPS map data, and compares your position with the upcoming road. CORRESPONDENT On this Cadillac, radar in the bumper averts rear-end collisions. So this would actually stop your car if you failed to do so. JEFF PANIATI Absolutely. CORRESPONDENT All successful in test situations, but will they work with average drivers? _________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________. Technology to avoid rear-end collisions is now available in some trucks with good results. MARTY FLETCHER, U.S. XPRESS ENTERPRISES We have seen as much as a 50% reduction in our preventable rear-end collisions.
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Smart Cars Save Lives ANCHOR The U.S. Department of Transportation says it wants to save drivers’ lives. Patty Davis looks at the new technology that could make that happen. CORRESPONDENT Your car is coming up on an intersection , and you don’t see the other driver coming. ____________________________________________________. ZAC DOERZAPH, TEST DRIVER I’ve turned on the auditory alarm, which we heard and the visual alarm at the same time to grab our attention. CORRESPONDENT _______________________________________________.It’s part of the government’s intelligent vehicle initiative to make drivers and cars smarter, and _____________________________________________.