职称英语理工类新增

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2012年职称英语理工类阅读理解新增文章(含练习解析及译文)

2012年职称英语理工类新增文章阅读理解（6篇）第六篇Making Light of1 Sleep第十九篇Graphene's Superstrength1*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+第四＋五篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety+第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" 注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章2、阅读理解3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化阅读理解第六篇Making Light of1 SleepAll we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock，your internal clock2 runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle，called a circadian rhythm，helps control whenyou wake，when you eat and when you sleep.Somewhere around puberty，something happens in the timing of the biological clock. Theclock pushes forward，so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed，your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.This shift4 is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark5. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems，too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud6when they don't get enough sleep，says Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence，RI7 .It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.But just like your alarm clock，your internal clock can be reset. In fact，it automatically resetsitself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years，researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock8were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensingsystems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.词汇：circadian/s3:'keidiən/ adj. 昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的adolescent/ædəu'lesənt/ n．青少年；adj．青少年的puberty/ 'pju:bəti/ n．发育；青春期sync/siŋk/ n. （口语）同步；和谐，协调synchronize/'siŋkrənaiz / V.（使）同时发生；（使）同步注释：1.make light of ：轻视，不在乎。

2011职称

下面是2011年阅读理解和完形填空新增文章的目录，供大家在复习时进行对照。

综合类阅读理解部分新增3篇(与2010职称英语教材对比)B级*第三十八篇Excessive Demands on Young People对年轻人的过高期望综合类完型填空部分新增3篇(与2010职称英语教材对比)B级*第十二篇Sport or Spectacle竞技还是表演?综合类教材中完型填空题型错误提醒：1、第十三篇英文暂无译文。

2、第十三篇中文译文实为第十五篇英文的译文。

3、第十五篇中文译文，大家可忽略不计，因英文已在教材删除。

复习重点仍应该放在词汇选项、阅读理解、完型填空三大题型上。

（一）阅读理解题型复习策略：关注新增文章：大家要利用这段时间把2011年新增的文章（新增文章列表见下文），尤其是本类别新增的文章要仔细认真的进行背诵和复习，在背诵文章时，应注意以下三点：（1）背诵每个题目的答案，不能只记ABCD（2）关注文章的中文内容，为换题做准备；（3）要全面重点背诵三个类别中新增的15篇文章，防止串考现象。

（二）完型填空题型复习策略：大家在复习完形填空题型时，应注意以下几点：（1）完型填空题型为题库出题，不需要做课外题目，综合类、理工类、卫生类串考情况比较少，各级别复习重点，综合类学生要扩大复习范围。

（2）复习要有层次感：把握住复习重点（3）复习程度把握：每篇文章的中文意思一定要全部了解，不能只记标题。

文章空白处反复练习，语法现象熟记。

（三）词汇选项题型的复习策略大家可以利用2月份这段时间集中进行同义词的积累和记忆，同时每天利用一定的时间练习进行查字典，对于基础较差的考生，建议抽时间坚持每天可以练习10—20对左右，这样有利于大家全面攻克词汇选项题型。

（四）其他题型的复习策略：阅读判断、概括大意与完成句子和补全短文三个题型，由于题目难度较大，且根据往年出题规律，一般不出教材内的内容，分值所占比重较小。

建议考生在复习过程中主要以掌握解题技巧为主，通过一些习题进行技巧的灵活应用。

职称英语理工a

职称英语理工A简介职称英语理工A是针对理工类人员的一个职称英语考试科目，主要测试考生在理工学科背景下的英语语言能力。

参加该考试的考生通常为工程师、科研人员或其他相关专业人员。

在该科目中，考生需要通过阅读、听力、写作等多个环节来展示自己的英语能力。

考试内容1. 阅读理解阅读理解是职称英语理工A考试的重点部分之一。

考生需要阅读一篇英文文章，并回答相关的问题。

这些文章通常与科技、工程、创新等领域有关。

对于理工类人员来说，具备阅读和理解科技文献的能力是很重要的，因此在准备考试时，考生需要注重科技文献的阅读和理解能力的提升。

2. 听力理解听力理解是考察考生对英语听力的能力。

考生需要听取一段英语录音，并回答相关问题。

这些录音通常与科技、工程、创新相关，需要考生能够准确听出关键信息，并作出正确的判断和回答。

3. 词汇与语法词汇与语法是职称英语理工A考试中不可忽视的部分。

在这部分内容中，考生需要掌握一定的词汇量，并了解英语语法的基本规则。

理工类人员需要具备使用科学术语和技术术语的能力，在准备考试时，考生可以通过词汇记忆和语法学习来提升自己的成绩。

4. 写作写作是考察考生写作能力的一部分。

在职称英语理工A考试中，写作题目通常与科技、工程、创新等领域相关。

考生需要根据题目要求，清晰、准确地表达自己的观点，并展示出较好的英语写作能力。

备考建议1.提前准备：职称英语理工A考试需要一定的准备时间，提前规划备考时间是很重要的。

考生可根据自己的时间安排，在备考期间逐渐提升自己的英语能力。

2.阅读科技文献：对于理工类人员来说，阅读科技文献是必不可少的。

通过阅读科技文献，考生可以了解一些相关领域的专业术语和表达方式，提高自己的阅读理解能力。

3.听力训练：考生可以通过听英语新闻、英语讲座等方式来进行听力训练，提高自己的听力理解能力。

4.积累词汇与语法：词汇量和语法知识是职称英语理工A考试中的重要因素。

考生可以通过背单词、学习语法知识等方式来积累自己的词汇量和语法水平。

职称英语理工a[001]

职称英语理工A一、介绍职称英语是由中国教育部主管的全国统一考试，旨在评价各行业人员在英语方面的专业能力。

理工类职称英语是职称英语考试的一个重要类别，主要针对从事理工类工作的人员。

本文将为大家介绍职称英语理工A类的考试内容和要求，并给出备考建议，希望能为广大理工类人员在职称英语考试中取得好成绩提供一些帮助。

二、考试内容1. 听力理解听力理解是职称英语理工A类考试的第一部分，考察考生对一些科技、工程、环境等方面的相关内容进行听力理解能力。

主要包括听力选择题、听力填空题等形式。

备考建议：平时应多听科技、工程、环境等方面的英语资料，提高对此类内容的听力理解能力。

2. 阅读理解阅读理解是职称英语理工A类考试的第二部分，考察考生对科技、工程、环境等相关领域的英语文章进行阅读理解能力。

主要包括阅读选择题、阅读填空题、阅读判断题等形式。

备考建议：平时应多读一些科技、工程、环境方面的英语文章，提高对此类内容的阅读理解能力。

3. 综合知识和应用能力综合知识和应用能力是职称英语理工A类考试的第三部分，主要考察考生在科技、工程、环境等领域的综合知识和应用能力，包括词汇、语法、句子理解等方面。

备考建议：平时应多积累科技、工程、环境等领域的词汇和相关知识，同时也要熟悉一些常用的科技、工程、环境类的英语表达方式。

4. 写作能力写作能力是职称英语理工A类考试的第四部分，主要考察考生在科技、工程、环境等领域的写作能力，包括图表描述、文章写作等形式。

备考建议：平时应多练习科技、工程、环境类的写作，提高自己在此领域的写作能力。

三、备考建议1.制定合理的备考计划，将考试内容分阶段学习和复习，确保每个部分都有足够的时间来掌握；2.阅读相关领域的英语资料，如科技、工程、环境类的英文书籍、期刊、论文等，培养自己的阅读理解能力；3.增加听力训练量，可以听听英文广播、新闻、演讲等，提高自己的听力理解能力；4.多做题，熟悉考试的题型和答题技巧，培养自己的应试能力；5.制定写作计划，每天练习写作，提高自己在科技、工程、环境等领域的写作能力；6.制定复习计划，每周复习一次已经学过的知识点，巩固记忆。

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---理工类

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---理工类运动的年轻人智商更高理A瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。

这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万新兵。

这些新兵报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究人员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的只能测试结果之间的联系很明显。

最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。

但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。

“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充分的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师Michael Nilsson如是说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。

我们还发现生长因子也很重要。

”通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院研究员，Aby健康中心医师Maria Aberg说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体育应成为学校中重要的一门学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论学科，体育课是非常有必要的。

”研究人员还将新兵服兵役入伍报到时的体格测试和智商测试的结果与他们后来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。

那些18岁时身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

吸烟会加重青少年的抑郁情绪理B有些青少年可能会一口接一口地吸烟来消除抑郁，进行所谓的“自我治疗”。

然而加拿大Toronto和Montreal大学的科学家却发现，事实上，吸烟会加重某些青少年的抑郁情绪。

“这项研究是检验吸烟是否可以给青少年带来精神欢愉的几项研究之一，”首席研究员Michael Chaiton如是说，他是Toronto大学Ontario烟草研究组织的助理研究员，“尽管吸烟能在短时间能起到自我治疗的作用，能振奋精神，但根据青少年自我报告的情况，我们发现，从长远看，吸烟的青少年往往有更多的抑郁症状。

职称英语1

2011年理工类新增内容第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict In a finding that may speed efforts to conserve(保护，保存) oil，scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014.This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions. Their study is in ACS’Energy&Fuels.Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil". "Peak oil" is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point，and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model.It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve.A related concept is that of "Peak Oil." The term "Peak Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production will peak，afterwards to start on irreversible(不可逆的，不可改变的) decline.The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970.The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide.However，recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for more complex oil production cycles of some countries. Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes，politics，and other factors，the scientists say.The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast. Using the new model，the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries，which supply most of the world’s conventional crude oil.They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014，years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world’s oil reserves are being reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate，they suggest.词汇：irreversible adj.不可逆的，不可改变的 crude oil原油spark v.闪耀;激发;鼓舞insufficient 不充分的，不足的 curve n.曲线练习：1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "sparked" appearing in paragraph 2 ?A.flashedB.stimulatedC.changedD.ended2.The term "a bell shaped curve" appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production willA.take the shape of a flat curve.B.keep growing.C.keep declining.D.start to decline after global oil production peaks.3.Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?A.It successfully predicted that oil production peaked in the U.S.in 1970.B.It has been used to predict oil production in many countries.C.It is insufficient to explain oil production cycles in some countries.D.It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4.What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?A.It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014.B.It predicts oil production will decline in 47 countries.C.It confirms further the effectiveness of the Hubbert model.D.It discovers a new gend of worldwide oil production.5.Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model ?A.American scientists.B.Kuwaiti scientists.C.British scientists.D.Scientists of 47 major oil-producing countries.答案与题解：1.B2.D3.D4.A5.B第六篇Weaving with LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico1，the native Huichol people2 live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. That's because it's too expensive to string power lines3 to the remote mountain areas where they live. To help support themselves，the Huichol create beautiful artwork. They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages. And without electricity-at home or on the road，they can only work during daylight hours. When it gets dark，they must stop whatever they’re doing.Now，a team of scientists，designers，and architects is using4 new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun sets The scientists' technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes，bags，or other items.By collecting the sun’s energy during the day，these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at night. Their inventors have named the fabrics “Portable Lights. ” Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world，says project leader Sheila Kennedy.“Our invention，”Kennedy says，“came from seeing how w e could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets for people who didn’t have a lot of money.”At the core of5 Portable Light technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes，or HB LEDs6.These tiny lights appear in digital clocks，televisions，and streetlights.LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside，electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature，bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights，however，is heat - and invisible. With all that wasted energy，bulbs bum out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs，on the other hand，are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED，the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs，they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED，the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.词汇：Portable adj.轻便的，手提式的incandescent adj.白灼的Light-emitting diode(LED) 发光二极管 coil n.线圈，卷，圈 Bulb n.灯泡;球状物 molecule n.分子注释：1.Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico：墨西哥中西部的马德雷山脉。

职称英语考试《理工类》章节练习题精选及答案0517-21

职称英语考试《理工类》章节练习题精选及答案0517-211、BudgetA budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes will power. Your budget should meet your family's needs and income.The first step in creating a budget is to set your goals. What does your family need and wants. You must know this to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic, in terms of income available. Then decide which goals are the most important.The next step is estimating family income. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! Write down all the money you expect to receive (wages, savings, interest, etc.) during the planned budget period.After you have calculated how much money will be available, itis time to estimate expenses. List all of your family expenses.If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has occurred. It will also point out poor buying habits.It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a blown tire, a broken device, or the need for minor medical care.The writer suggests that it is a good idea to set aside some money because____.【单选题】A.you probably will not be able to follow your budgetB.people usually spend more than they plan to doC.things can happen unexpectedlyD.others may want to borrow some money from you正确答案:C答案解析:从原文最后的“It is also a good idea to set aside a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies”可以知道，每个家庭都会有一些意外情况发生，所以有必要准备一小笔资金作为备用金。

理工类职称英语试题及答案

理工类职称英语试题及答案理工类职称英语试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 I'd very much like to know what your aim in life isA thoughtB ideaC goalD plan2 The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.A in dangerB in difficultyC in despairD out of control3 Practically all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes.A CertainlyB ProbablyC AlmostD Absolutely4 Mary rarely speaks to Susan.A slowlyB seldomC weaklyD constantly5 I'm working with a guy from London.A teacherB studentC friendD man6 You'd better put these documents in a safe placeA darkB secureC guardedD banned7 The courageous boy has been the subject of massive media coverageA extensiveB continuousC instantD quick8 The town is famous for its magnificent buildingsA high-riseB modernC ancientD splendid9 The great change of the city astonished all the visitorsA surprisedB scaredC excitedD moved10 Jack packed up all the things he had accumulated over the last ten yearsA futureB farC pastD near11 Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?A visitB phoneC consultD invite12 We had a long conversation about her parents.A speechB questionC talkD debate13 The chairman proposed that we stop the meetingA statedB announcedC demandedD suggested14 Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisisA lived onB depended onC believed inD joined in15 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a recordA beatsB maintainsC matchesD tries第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Importance of Children's Oral HealthFebruary is National Children's Dental (牙齿的)Health Month，but in children good oral care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation's oral health，released recently by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General，calls dental and oral disea ses a “silent epidemic (流行病)，” even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental-related illness. In fact，a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this，the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学)(AAP)is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children.“This is important because oral problems can impact self-esteem for children and lead to problems of eating，speaking and attending to learning，” said Michael McGuire，president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞)and gingivitis (龈牙)，which are found in the majority of U.S. children. “When these pr oblems are not caught early and treated，they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering，” said McGuire “However，much of the time，oral problems are avoidable problems.”In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas，a group of more than 120 dentists volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low-income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school.“According to the Surgeon General's Report，about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school，” said McGuire. “When children don't see dentists theymiss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger，more expensive problems to treat，and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.”16 Only in February should attention be paid to children's oral healthA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Dental and oral diseases are common in both adults and childrenA RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental-related illnessA RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Oral problems in children can develop into more severe problems.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Oral problems can not be avoided in any wayA RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The low-income children are very grateful to the dentists.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

职称英语理工类A类-词汇选项

职称英语理工类A类-词汇选项(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词汇选项(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.General acceptance of 3-D films may prove hard to come by.∙ A. obtain∙ B. explain∙ C. understand∙ D. distinguish（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：2.I think their plan will work, but they themselves are very suspicious about it.∙ A. certain∙ B. worried∙ C. confident∙ D. doubtful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：3.The performance at the concert is really miraculous.∙ A. humorous∙ B. dangerous∙ C. hazardous∙ D. wonderful（分数：1.00）B.C.D. √解析：4.He is so advisable that he always deposits some extra money for emergency.∙ A. clever∙ B. foolish∙ C. wise∙ D. sensitive（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：5.The driver finally decided to take the blame for the accident.∙ A. action∙ B. responsibility∙ C. charge∙ D. crime（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：6.This is a subject that has now moved into the political domain.∙ A. extent∙ B. zone∙ C. field∙ D. region（分数：1.00）A.C. √D.解析：7.That player is etemally arguing with the referee∙ A. desperately∙ B. constantly∙ C. eventually∙ D. extensively（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：8.The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meet the diverse needs of all our risers.∙ A. various∙ B. different∙ C. versatile∙ D. distinguished（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：9.From the incident, they have learned that prompt decisions often lead to biaer regrets.∙ A. urgen∙ B. hasty∙ C. immediate∙ D. wise（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：10.The Mayan civilization flourished on the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico.∙ A. profited∙ B. gained∙ C. benefited∙ D. prospered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：11.My brother' s plans are very ambitious.∙ A. arbitrary∙ B. aggressive∙ C. adequate∙ D. abundant（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：12.The girl felt extremely awkward and uneasy when she could answer the teacher's question.∙ A. difficult∙ B. stupid∙ C. relaxed∙ D. worried（分数：1.00）A.B.D. √解析：13.In the first decades of this century, the individual gene could be worked with fruitfully.∙ A. blindly∙ B. completely∙ C. productively∙ D. carefully（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：14.The police are trying to get back the stolen statue.∙ A. detain∙ B. regain∙ C. track∙ D. detect（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：15.When snow accumulates on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.∙ A. melts∙ B. collects∙ C. selects∙ D. scatters（分数：1.00）A.B. √D.解析：16.Next semester, Susan must take three compulsory courses.∙ A. formal∙ B. voluntary∙ C. practical∙ D. required（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：17.I positively believe that there' s been no mistake?∙ A. rationally∙ B. reasonably∙ C. certainly∙ D. boundly（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：18.She felt hurt by my words, but it wash' t really out of my intention.∙ A. purpose∙ B. indication∙ C. implication∙ D. invasion（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.解析：19.Floods have undermined the foundation of the ancient bridge.∙ A. weakened∙ B. reached∙ C. spoiled∙ D. covered（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：20.Students have to obey the rules in the school.∙ A. reply to∙ B. apply for∙ C. abide with∙ D. comply with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：21.The international finance policies always affect the flow of money among countries.∙ A. appraisal∙ B. numeration∙ C. availability∙ D. circulation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √22.The colors in these artificial flowers are sure not to vanish。

社会职称英语真题(理工类)初级

社会职称英语真题(理工类)初级17.The Norman Conquest of is perhaps the best - known event in English history. [单选题] *A. 1063B. 1064C. 1065D. 1066(正确答案)2.Apart from a break during the Second World War, the BBC has been providing regular television broadcasts since . [单选题] *A.1935B.1936(正确答案)C.1937D.19383.The first blacks were brought to North America as in 1619. [单选题] *A. adventurersB. slaves(正确答案)C. servantsD. explorers4.Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years ’War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, . [单选题] *A.the War of the CeltsB.Norman ConquestC.the War of the Roses(正确答案)D.Battle of Hastings5.Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except . [单选题] *A.no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B.no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land(正确答案)C.London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD.There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.6.The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor modified and improved the design in 1765. [单选题] *A. Abraham DarbyB. James Watt(正确答案)C. John KayD. Richard Arkwright7.Soon after, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership. [单选题] *A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World War(正确答案)D. 19608.The House of Lords is presided over by . [单选题] *A. the Lord Chancellor(正确答案)B. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister9.The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sitsin . [单选题] *A.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC.the Queen, the House of Commons(正确答案)D.the Queen, the House of Lords10.The ultimate authority for law-making resides in . [单选题] *A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons(正确答案)11.The first immigrants in American history came from and . [单选题] *A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/ Netherlands(正确答案)12.According to American historians and specialists in demography, thereare great population movement in the history of the United States. [单选题] *A. twoB. threeC. four(正确答案)D. five13.The victory of was the turning point of the War of Independence. [单选题] *A. GettysburgB. TrentonC. YorktownD. Saratoga(正确答案)14.The Wars of Roses lasted for years and king was replaced byking . [单选题] *A. 30, Richard III, Henry Tudor(正确答案)B. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor15.In , a small group of Puritans sailed and arrived at in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land. [单选题] *A. 1620, Plymouth(正确答案)B. 1620, LondonC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth16.In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines. [单选题] *A. the Bourgeois RevolutionB. the Wars of the RosesC. the Industrial Revolution(正确答案)D. the Religious Reformation17.The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher . [单选题] *A. Paul RevereB. John Locke(正确答案)C. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass18. The ________ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. [单选题] *A. Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conquest(正确答案)D. adoption of common law19. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the ―Big Three with the exception of . [单选题] *A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The Observer(正确答案)D. The Daily Telegraph20.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is . [单选题] *A. poetryB. drama(正确答案)C. novelD. pamphlet21.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)22.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错23.The Hundred Years'War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)24.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Reformation. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错25.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错26.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)27.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错28.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)29.When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错30.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "'axis of evil”. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错31.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)32.In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)33.The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)34.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错35.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)36.After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a , later, he became Lord Protector. [填空题] *_________________________________(答案：Commonwealth)37. The Constitution of the United States follows two principles: the federal system and the of powers. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Separation)39. In legislation the President of U.S. has a veto power over bills passed by . [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Congress)38. The Conservative Party developed out of the Party, while the Liberal party developed out of the Whig. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Tory)40. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen , and Prince Charles is the heir to the throne. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Elizabeth II)。

《职称英语》 (理工类C级)真题(附答案)

《职称英语》（理工类C级）真题(附答案).第 1 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > The AIDS convention will be held in Glasgow.{A}. party{B}. celebration{C}. union{D}. conference正确答案：D,第 2 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > He made a number of rude remarks about the food.{A}. comments{B}. signs{C}. manners{D}. noises正确答案：A,第 3 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%. {A}. return{B}. realize{C}. increase{D}. double正确答案：C,第 4 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > Lack of space forbids further treatment of the topic here. {A}. receives{B}. prevents{C}. deserves{D}. accepts正确答案：B,第 5 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.{A}. extra{B}. fine{C}. winter{D}. outdoor正确答案：A,第 6 题题目分类:未按章节分类的真题、模拟试题 > 词汇选项 > The book raised a storm of controversy.。

职称英语考试理工类(B级)试题及答案

02年职称英语考试理工类(B级)试题及答案2第2部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

Megaplane(巨型飞机)The Boeing Corp．and Europe’s Airbus consortium(财团)are preparing to offer bigger airplanes to the world’s airlines．Now that talks on a ioint project have broken down，Boeing is pushing a stretched(拓展的)version of the 747，and Airbus is designing’an all-new aircraft，known as theA3XX．Seating 550 passengers in the basic model，and 650 in a stretched version．the 1.2 million pound A3XX will not only be the largest airplane in the world，but it,will also be one of the most advanced．The outer wings and the horizontal stabilizer(as big as a smaller jet’s wing)will be made of car bon-fiber composite materials，and will be the largest such structures on any aircraft except the B-2 stealth bomber(隐形轰炸机)．Metal skins will be welded (焊接)together with lasers，removing thousands of fasteners．When a strong wind strikes the A3XX’s 260-foot wing．movable control surfaces will prevent it from flexing(扭曲)like a giant spring．This will make the ride smoother and will save weight by reducing the load on the wing spars(翼梁)．A flexible．skinned flap(副翼)will subtly change the wing’s curvature(曲面)to m atch the airplane’s changing weight as it bums fuel on each journey．The A3XX will carry up to 1,600 meals，filling more than，1 00 food andbeverage(饮料) carts.To make more room for passengers，Airbus plans to put the carts in the lower hold；automatic conveyors and elevators will deliver them to the two passenger decks．Airlines have asked Airbus to look at extra features ranging from lower-deck sleeper cabins to a children’splayroom．Airbus expects to offer the A3XX to airlines in 1998，and deliver the first aircraft in 2003．16 The basic model ofA3XX can carry more than 500 passengers．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 A3XX will fly faster while consuming less oil．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 A3XX will be bigger than the B-2 stealth bomber．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 No fasteners will be used in bullding A3XX because all components will be welded together.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 The wing of A3XX will not be spoiled surfaces are designed to be movable．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 Airbus plans to build a mini-restaurant in the lower hold of A3XX．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The first A3XX will be available in 2003．A RightB WrongC Not mentioned。

2014全国职称英语考试教材理工类新增文章

2014全国职称英语理工新增文章第二部分阅读判断第八篇What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person‟s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person‟s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2was once a student of Freud‟s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person‟s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men‟s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women‟s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn‟t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It‟s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist / saɪˈkɔlədʒɪst / n．心理学家psychiatrist /sai' kaiətrɪst/ n．精神病学家(医生) Austrian / ˈɔstrɪən / adj．奥地利的gender / ˈdʒendə / n．性别注释：1．Sigmund Freud西格蒙德•弗洛伊德（1856—1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。

2010年职称英语理工类新增文章

2010年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）新增文章第四部分阅读理解（共 6 篇）第3篇Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events-flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring - all around the world. But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. - and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Pheonology4 Network. "Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project - which is open to everyone - record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts -they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood," says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. "As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and eommunities5 of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes."词汇：Frog n. 蛙Ecologist n.生态学家Phenology n.物候学Bud v.发芽，萌芽；n.芽，花蕾Neighbor(u)rhood n.近邻；邻近地区Database n.数据库Professional adj.专业的，职业的；n.职业选手，专业人员注释：1. life cycle：生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。

2015年全国职称英语考试理工类新增文章汇总考试重点内容 word版全网独一份

2015年全国职称英语考试理工类新增文章汇总word版全网独一份注：押题皇后王霞老师授意，新增文章仍然是考试热门文章，务必掌握。

2015年职称英语教材理工类的变动比较小，一共只有5篇新增文章。

2015年职称英语教材理工类新增的5篇文章，分布在阅读理解和补全短文：阅读理解理工C和理工B各新增一篇文章；补全短文理工A、B和C各新增一篇文章。

完形填空理工类整体都没有新增文章。

理工C阅读理解新增文章第九篇An Essential Scientific ProcessAll life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live.The process of changing light into food and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of green plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose.Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allowscarbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops.If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little food or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet.词汇：nutrient n.营养物organism n.生物体，有机体carbon dioxide n.二氧化碳chloroplast n.叶绿体molecule n.分子vapor n.水蒸气oxygen n.氧气photosynthesis n.光合作用chlorophyll n.叶绿素glucose n.葡萄糖cease v.停止注释：1．Then animals feed upon the plants.动物以植物为食。