高中英语必修一unit1Grammar课件

They said, “We saw her in the They said that they had seen street.” her in the street.
过去完成时 不变
一般将来时 过去将来时
He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”
“I don’t want to set down a Anne said that she didn’t want series of facts in a diary,” said to set down a series of facts in a Anne diary The boy said, “I’m using a knife.” Cella said, “I have not heard from Jordan since May.” The boy said that he was using a knife. Cella said that she had not heard from Jordan since May.
说明： （1）直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态 不变。如 He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” He said that light travels much faster than sound. （2）如果在当地转述，here不必改为there, come不必 改为go,如果在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间 状语也不必改变。
Zhou Lan said, “I’ll do it after class.”
He said that he had finished his homework before supper.
Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.
反馈练习
Try to change direct speech into indirect speech : 1. He said, “the earth goes around the sun.” He said that the earth goes around the sun. 2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.” He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m. 3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.” He said that Rome isn’t built in a day. 4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.” Tom said he was born in July, 1978.
自主学习
3
疑问句
直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接 引语时，要把疑问句的语序变为陈 述句语序（主语在谓语的前面）， 句末用句号，主语的人称、时态和 状语也要作相应的变化。
1）一般疑问句 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时， 谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask或asked,原 问句变成由连词if(或whether)引导的宾语从句。 没有间接宾语的可以根据情况加上。
Indirect speech
Warming Up
Direct speech “My
only true friend is Kitty — my diary,” she said.
She said that her only true friend was Kitty — her diary.
Indirect speech
2 祈使句
Grammar study
转述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为 带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子 的意思加上tell, ask, order等动词，如果祈 使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加上not。
tell / ask /order sb.
｛
not to do sth to do sth.
直接引语
间接引语
1、陈述句
自主学习
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导 （that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间 状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有很多 相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注 意句子的意义。
1）人称的变化(一主，二宾，三不变)
then
ago before/earlier
today
that day
David said, “I haven’t seen her today.”
David said that he hadn’t seen her that day.
She said that she had gone there the day before. She said that she would go there the next/following day. The captain said that they would arrive in two days’
课堂小结
When direct speech is about: a) a truth 真理 b) a timetable 时间表 c) a saying/proverb/quotation 格言/引用语 d) An adverbial indicating the past 过去的时间状 语
自主学习
yesterday She said, “I went there the day before yesterday.” tomorrow
the next/following day
She said, “I will go there tomorrow.”
the day after tomorrow The captain said, “They will in two days’ time arrive the day after tomorrow.”
a). He said, “ I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much b) I said to him, “You've left your book in my room.”
I told him that he had left his book in my room.
2）时态的变化
• 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引 语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态 方面要做相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词 是现在时，从句的时态无需变化
Grammar study
例
时态的变化
句 间接引语
直接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时
Indirect speech
II 自主学习
Look at the sentences in Exercise 1 of your Student’s Book on page 5. Work in pairs and identify the difference between direct speech and indirect speech in the sentences. Differences: Verb tenses(时态） Pronoun forms（人称） Word order（顺序） Adverbials of time（时间副词）
反馈练习
The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.” The hostess asked us to sit down. Father said to him, “Go away!” Father ordered him to go away. Mother said to me, “Come back before 10:00. Mother told me to go back before 10:00. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” He told the boys not to make so much noise.
“Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says. The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend. He said, “Are you interested in English?” He asked (me) if I was interested in English.
自主学习
引述别人的话有两种方式：直接引述别人 的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的 话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成 宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接 引语不用引号。例如：
Mr Black said, “I’m busy.”
Mr Black said that he was busy.
go She said, “I came here She said that she had there to see the doctor the gone there to see the the day before yesterday day before yesterday.” doctor two days two days before/earlier before/earlier come here
Warming Up
Direct speech
“After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become crazy about nature,” she said. She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature.